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5. Nobiletin Enhances the Development and Quality of Bovine Embryos In Vitro During Two Key Periods of Embryonic Genome Activation

Author

Karina Cañón-Beltrán, Encina M González, Alfonso Gutiérrez-Adán, Y. N. Cajas, Ekaitz Agirregoitia, Cláudia Lima Verde Leal, Dimitrios Rizos, Serafín Pérez-Cerezales, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Canon-Beltran, K, Cajas, YN, Cerezales, S, Leal, CLV, Agirregoitia, E, Gutierrez-Adan, A, Gonzalez, EM, Rizos, D, Canon-Beltran, K [0000-0002-0279-0857], Cajas, YN [0000-0001-9791-6733], Cerezales, S [0000-0003-2119-6228], Leal, CLV [0000-0002-8180-5825], Agirregoitia, E [0000-0001-7987-4963], Gutierrez-Adan, A [0000-0001-9893-9179], Gonzalez, EM [0000-0002-6217-866X], and Rizos, D [0000-0001-6813-3940]

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Signaling pathways, Molecular biology, Nobiletin, Embryo Culture Techniques, chemistry.chemical_compound, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, 0302 clinical medicine, Zygotic transition, Pregnancy, Gene-expression, Phosphorylation, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Multidisciplinary, Zygote, Chemistry, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR, Mitochondria, medicine.anatomical_structure, preimplantation development, Medicine, Female, Signal Transduction, Biotechnology, Development linking, Science, Embryonic Development, zygotic transition, Fertilization in Vitro, Article, Andrology, 03 medical and health sciences, Oocyte maturation, Developmental biology, medicine, Animals, Blastocyst, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, Akt/PKB signaling pathway, AKT, Embryogenesis, blastocyst development, Flavones, Cell-cycle, Embryonic stem cell, gene-expression, In vitro, signaling pathways, Preimplantation development, Metabolism, 030104 developmental biology, oocyte maturation, cell-cycle, Cattle, evelopment linking, metabolism, Biomarkers
Abstract

In vitro culture can alter the development and quality of bovine embryos. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether nobiletin supplementation during EGA improves embryonic development and blastocyst quality and if it affects PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In vitro zygotes were cultured in SOF + 5% FCS (Control) or supplemented with 5, 10 or 25 µM nobiletin (Nob5, Nob10, Nob25) or with 0.03% dimethyl-sulfoxide (CDMSO) during minor (2 to 8-cell stage; MNEGA) or major (8 to 16-cell stage; MJEGA) EGA phase. Blastocyst yield on Day 8 was higher in Nob5 (42.7 ± 1.0%) and Nob10 (44.4 ± 1.3%) for MNEGA phase and in Nob10 (61.0 ± 0.8%) for MJEGA phase compared to other groups. Mitochondrial activity was higher and lipid content was reduced in blastocysts produced with nobiletin, irrespective of EGA phase. The mRNA abundance of CDK2, H3-3B, H3-3A, GPX1, NFE2L2 and PPARα transcripts was increased in 8-cells, 16-cells and blastocysts from nobiletin groups. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed immunoreactive proteins for p-AKT forms (Thr308 and Ser473) in bovine blastocysts produced with nobiletin. In conclusion, nobiletin supplementation during EGA has a positive effect on preimplantation bovine embryonic development in vitro and corroborates on the quality improvement of the produced blastocysts which could be modulated by the activation of AKT signaling pathway., This work was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2019-111641RB-I00 to D.R. and RTI2018-093548-B-I00 to A.G.-A). Y.N.C. was supported by a predoctoral fellowship from the Secretaría Nacional de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (Convocatoria abierta 2017, SENESCYT-Ecuador). C.L.V.L. was supported by a BPE grant from Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Brazil (FAPESP #2017/20339-3).

Published
2021

6. Infections preceding the development of Dercum disease.

Author

Beltran K, Wadeea R, and Herbst KL

Abstract

Dercum Disease (DD) is a rare inflammatory disease of painful subcutaneous fat masses with known alterations in lymphatic vessels. DD masses vary from pearl to walnut-size or larger and occur anywhere in body fat. Signs and symptoms of DD are similar to fibromyalgia. While the etiology of DD is unknown, metabolic, autoimmune, or autosomal genetic transmission has been proposed. This series presents 7 cases where DD followed an infection either histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis or Lyme disease. Known changes in fat by infectious agents are reviewed. Early diagnosis and treatment of infections may prevent further damage to fat., Competing Interests: The authors state no conflict of interest., (© 2019 The Authors.)

Published
2019
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7. A Mexican Honeymoon Marred by Gastrointestinal Upset: A Case of Dientamoeba fragilis Causing Post-infectious Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Author

Ali S, Khetpal N, Khan MT, Rasheed M, Asad-Ur-Rahman F, and Echeverria-Beltran K

Abstract

Dientamoeba fragilis (D. fragilis) is an anaerobic intestinal protozoan parasite that has been associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like symptoms. We report a case of post-infectious IBS caused by D. fragilis treated successfully with metronidazole. A 33-year-old African American male with an unremarkable past medical history was seen in the office with a three-month history of intermittent, generalized, crampy abdominal pain with bloating and flatulence without associated weight loss. He visited Mexico for his honeymoon four months ago. Initial lab work was normal. Dietary changes including fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) diet and loperamide were prescribed with the presumptive diagnosis of IBS; however, his symptoms persisted. Three samples of stool for ova and parasites (O&P) were positive for D. fragilis. The patient was treated with metronidazole for 14 days. Repeat fecal O&P were negative. Upon follow-up, the patient' symptoms substantially improved with a resolution of abdominal pain and flatulence. Infection caused by D. fragilis may be symptomatic or asymptomatic. It is transmitted by the fecal-oral route. Symptoms include abdominal pain, bloating, and alteration of bowel movements, resembling IBS. The diagnosis is made via the detection of D. fragilis trophozoites in appropriately fixed and stained stool samples or by a polymerase chain reaction. Treatment options include tetracyclines, paromomycin, metronidazole, and Iodoquinol. Further epidemiologic studies may help in elucidating the association between D. fragilis and IBS., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Published
2017
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8. An outbreak of needlestick injuries in hospital employees due to needles piercing infectious waste containers.

Author

Anglim AM, Collmer JE, Loving TJ, Beltran KA, Coyner BJ, Adal K, Jagger J, Sojka NJ, and Farr BM

Subjects
Costs and Cost Analysis, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Hospital Costs, Hospitals, University, Humans, Needlestick Injuries etiology, Needlestick Injuries prevention & control, Plastics, Program Evaluation economics, Virginia epidemiology, Containment of Biohazards economics, Containment of Biohazards instrumentation, Disease Outbreaks, Medical Waste Disposal economics, Medical Waste Disposal instrumentation, Needlestick Injuries epidemiology, Personnel, Hospital statistics & numerical data
Abstract

Objectives: To investigate the cause of an outbreak of needlestick injuries (NSIs) in hospital employees., Setting: A 700-bed university hospital., Design: Outbreak investigation, laboratory evaluation of a medical waste disposal device, cost analysis., Methods: Employee health department records were reviewed of workers suffering sticks from needles piercing fiberboard-contaminated material containers (CMCs). A laboratory evaluation of needle-puncture resistance properties of the CMCs was performed using a testing apparatus. The cost of a hospital waste disposal program using fiberboard CMCs was compared with the cost of a program using rigid plastic (polypropylene) boxes., Results: During 40 months of surveillance in 1986 and from 1989 to 1991, only one NSI had occurred from a needle piercing a CMC. During 9 months in 1993, 13 NSIs occurred due to needles piercing CMCs (P < .001). No clinical illness resulted from the NSIs. The outbreak was halted by a temporary change to plastic (polypropylene) boxes for sharps disposal ($4.92 to $23.33/cu ft) until receipt of a box with a newly designed solid fiberboard liner ($1.25/cu ft). CMC liners used during the epidemic had a mean needle puncture resistance of 527 g, as compared with 660 g for liners used before the outbreak (P < .001). The new solid fiberboard liner has a mean puncture resistance of 1,765 g. A program of waste disposal using fiberboard CMCs was found to cost approximately one-seventh the cost of a program using plastic boxes for disposal of infectious waste., Conclusion: A program for infectious waste disposal using fiberboard CMCs can be safe and cost-effective if appropriate standards for puncture resistance are met.

Published
1995
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