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21 results on '"Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM)"'

1. Formation and evolution of carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu: Direct evidence from returned samples

Author: T. Nakamura, M. Matsumoto, K. Amano, Y. Enokido, M. E. Zolensky, T. Mikouchi, H. Genda, S. Tanaka, M. Y. Zolotov, K. Kurosawa, S. Wakita, R. Hyodo, H. Nagano, D. Nakashima, Y. Takahashi, Y. Fujioka, M. Kikuiri, E. Kagawa, M. Matsuoka, A. J. Brearley, A. Tsuchiyama, M. Uesugi, J. Matsuno, Y. Kimura, M. Sato, R. E. Milliken, E. Tatsumi, S. Sugita, T. Hiroi, K. Kitazato, D. Brownlee, D. J. Joswiak, M. Takahashi, K. Ninomiya, T. Takahashi, T. Osawa, K. Terada, F. E. Brenker, B. J. Tkalcec, L. Vincze, R. Brunetto, A. Aléon-Toppani, Q. H. S. Chan, M. Roskosz, J.-C. Viennet, P. Beck, E. E. Alp, T. Michikami, Y. Nagaashi, T. Tsuji, Y. Ino, J. Martinez, J. Han, A. Dolocan, R. J. Bodnar, M. Tanaka, H. Yoshida, K. Sugiyama, A. J. King, K. Fukushi, H. Suga, S. Yamashita, T. Kawai, K. Inoue, A. Nakato, T. Noguchi, F. Vilas, A. R. Hendrix, C. Jaramillo-Correa, D. L. Domingue, G. Dominguez, Z. Gainsforth, C. Engrand, J. Duprat, S. S. Russell, E. Bonato, C. Ma, T. Kawamoto, T. Wada, S. Watanabe, R. Endo, S. Enju, L. Riu, S. Rubino, P. Tack, S. Takeshita, Y. Takeichi, A. Takeuchi, A. Takigawa, D. Takir, T. Tanigaki, A. Taniguchi, K. Tsukamoto, T. Yagi, S. Yamada, K. Yamamoto, Y. Yamashita, M. Yasutake, K. Uesugi, I. Umegaki, I. Chiu, T. Ishizaki, S. Okumura, E. Palomba, C. Pilorget, S. M. Potin, A. Alasli, S. Anada, Y. Araki, N. Sakatani, C. Schultz, O. Sekizawa, S. D. Sitzman, K. Sugiura, M. Sun, E. Dartois, E. De Pauw, Z. Dionnet, Z. Djouadi, G. Falkenberg, R. Fujita, T. Fukuma, I. R. Gearba, K. Hagiya, M. Y. Hu, T. Kato, T. Kawamura, M. Kimura, M. K. Kubo, F. Langenhorst, C. Lantz, B. Lavina, M. Lindner, J. Zhao, B. Vekemans, D. Baklouti, B. Bazi, F. Borondics, S. Nagasawa, G. Nishiyama, K. Nitta, J. Mathurin, T. Matsumoto, I. Mitsukawa, H. Miura, A. Miyake, Y. Miyake, H. Yurimoto, R. Okazaki, H. Yabuta, H. Naraoka, K. Sakamoto, S. Tachibana, H. C. Connolly, D. S. Lauretta, M. Yoshitake, M. Yoshikawa, K. Yoshikawa, K. Yoshihara, Y. Yokota, K. Yogata, H. Yano, Y. Yamamoto, D. Yamamoto, M. Yamada, T. Yamada, T. Yada, K. Wada, T. Usui, R. Tsukizaki, F. Terui, H. Takeuchi, Y. Takei, A. Iwamae, H. Soejima, K. Shirai, Y. Shimaki, H. Senshu, H. Sawada, T. Saiki, M. Ozaki, G. Ono, T. Okada, N. Ogawa, K. Ogawa, R. Noguchi, H. Noda, M. Nishimura, N. Namiki, S. Nakazawa, T. Morota, A. Miyazaki, A. Miura, Y. Mimasu, K. Matsumoto, K. Kumagai, T. Kouyama, S. Kikuchi, K. Kawahara, S. Kameda, T. Iwata, Y. Ishihara, M. Ishiguro, H. Ikeda, S. Hosoda, R. Honda, C. Honda, Y. Hitomi, N. Hirata, T. Hayashi, M. Hayakawa, K. Hatakeda, S. Furuya, R. Fukai, A. Fujii, Y. Cho, M. Arakawa, M. Abe, Y. Tsuda, Tohoku University [Sendai], NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Tokyo Institute of Technology [Tokyo] (TITECH), Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara] (JAXA), ASU School of Earth and Space Exploration (SESE), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Planetary Exploration Research Center [Chiba] (PERC), Chiba Institute of Technology (CIT), Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences [MIT, Cambridge] (EAPS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Nagoya University, Department of Earth and Planetary Science [Tokyo], Graduate School of Science [Tokyo], The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)-The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Ritsumeikan University, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute [Hyogo] (JASRI), Institute of Low Temperature Science [Sapporo], Hokkaido University [Sapporo, Japan], Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences [Providence], Brown University, The University of Aizu, University of Washington [Seattle], Osaka University, Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe [Tokyo] (Kavli IPMU), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Ghent University, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Advanced Photon Source [ANL] (APS), Argonne National Laboratory [Lemont] (ANL)-University of Chicago-US Department of Energy, Kindai University, Kyushu University, Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Houston], University of Houston, Texas Materials Institute (TMI), University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Department of Geoscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Kanazawa University (KU), Graduate University for Advanced Studies [Hayama] (SOKENDAI), Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Kyoto], Kyoto University, Planetary Science Institute [Tucson] (PSI), Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, California State University [San Marcos] (CSUSM), Space Sciences Laboratory [Berkeley] (SSL), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), University of Shizuoka, Ehime University [Matsuyama, Japon], European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), KEK (High energy accelerator research organization), Hitachi, Ltd, Institute for integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science (KURNS), National Metrology Institute of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Department of Physics, Rikkyo University, Tokyo, Japan Fine Ceramics Center (JFCC), Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), The Aerospace Corporation, Earth-Life Science Institute [Tokyo] (ELSI), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (UCAS), Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Photone Sciences, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, International Christian University, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], Center for Advanced Radiation Sources [University of Chicago] (CARS), University of Chicago, Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie Physique (ICP), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Graduate School of Information Science [Nagoya], Department of Natural History Sciences, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Fukuoka], Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering [Higashi-Hiroshima], Hiroshima University, Rowan University, Lunar and Planetary Laboratory [University of Arizona] (LPL), University of Arizona, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Marine Works Japan Ltd., Faculty of Science, Niigata University, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Seoul], Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), Kochi University, Department of Planetology, Graduate School of Science, Graduate School of Science [Kobe], Kobe University-Kobe University, Kobe University, Supported by KAKENHI from the Japanese Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS), grants JP20H00188 and 19H05183 to T.N., JP19K14776 to M.M., 21K18645 to T.M. and K.S., JP20H00205 to A.Ts., M.M., A.M. and J.M., 17H06458 to K.F., Y.T., S.Y. and M.K., JP17H06459 to T.N., T.U., S.W., M.M., N.N., T.M., T.O., Y.S., N.S., and R.N., JP15H05695 to A.Ts. and K.U., 20H05846 to S.T., JP17H06457 to H.G., JP17H06458 to Y. T. and K. F., JP19H00726 to K.K., H. G., and T.M., JP21J13337 to K.A., and JP18H05456,JP20H00189 to K.S., 18H05463 to T.T., S.N., and S.W., 18H05460 to K.N. and T.O., 18H05464 to Y.M., 18H05457 to K.N., T.T., S.W., and Y.M., and JP18H05479 to M.U. Also supported by the JSPS Core-to-Core program ' International Network of Planetary Sciences', and from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) (grants JPMXS0450200421 and JPMXS0450200521) to SS. A.K. acknowledges funding support from UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) grant MR/T020261/1. A.B. acknowledges funding support from NASA Emerging Worlds grant - 80NSSC18K0731. P.B. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under grant agreement no. 771691 (Solarys) and the CNES., and European Project: 771691,SOLARYS
Subjects: Multidisciplinary, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Ryugu Hayabusa2 Carbonaceous asteroid Sample return
Abstract: Samples of the carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu were brought to Earth by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. We analyzed 17 Ryugu samples measuring 1 to 8 millimeters. Carbon dioxide–bearing water inclusions are present within a pyrrhotite crystal, indicating that Ryugu’s parent asteroid formed in the outer Solar System. The samples contain low abundances of materials that formed at high temperatures, such as chondrules and calcium- and aluminum-rich inclusions. The samples are rich in phyllosilicates and carbonates, which formed through aqueous alteration reactions at low temperature, high pH, and water/rock ratios of
Published: 2022
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2. An expanded diversity of oomycetes in Carboniferous forests: Reinterpretation of Oochytrium lepidodendri (Renault 1894) from the Esnost chert, Massif Central, France

Author: Dario De Franceschi, Paul Kenrick, Andrew H. Knoll, Alan R.T. Spencer, Marc Gèze, Christine Strullu-Derrien, Marc-André Selosse, Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Centre de Microscopie de fluorescence et d'Imagerie numérique (CeMiM), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes (MCAM), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Harvard University [Cambridge]
Subjects: Fungal Structure, Physiology, Plant Science, Forests, Carboniferous Period, 030308 mycology & parasitology, Animal Cells, Clade, Phylogeny, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, geography.geographical_feature_category, Microscopy, Confocal, biology, Ecology, Fossils, Plant Anatomy, Eukaryota, Geology, Massif, Paleozoic Era, Multidisciplinary Sciences, Geography, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Oomycetes, OVA, Plant Physiology, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Medicine, Vascular Bundles, France, Cellular Types, Research Article, Paleozoic, General Science & Technology, Science, Mycology, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Oogonia, Xylem, Carboniferous, Forest ecology, Ecosystem, 030304 developmental biology, Plant Fossils, Science & Technology, Peronosporales, Organisms, Fungi, Biology and Life Sciences, Paleontology, Geologic Time, Cell Biology, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Germ Cells, Paleobotany, Paleoecology, Earth Sciences
Abstract: 335–330 million-year-old cherts from the Massif Central, France, contain exceptionally well-preserved remains of an early forest ecosystem, including plants, fungi and other microorganisms. Here we reinvestigate the original material prepared by Renault and Roche from collections of the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, and present a re-evaluation of Oochytrium lepidodendri (Renault 1894), originally described as a zoosporic fungus. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was used to study the microfossils, enabling us in software to digitally reconstruct them in three-dimensional detail. We reinterpret O. lepidodendri as a pseudofungus and favour placement within the oomycetes, a diverse clade of saprotrophs and both animal and plant parasites. Phylogenetically, O. lepidodendri appears to belong to a group of oomycetes distinct from those previously described from Paleozoic rocks and most likely related to the Peronosporales s.l. This study adds to our knowledge of Paleozoic eukaryotic diversity and reinforces the view that oomycetes were early and diverse constituents of terrestrial biotas, playing similar ecological roles to those they perform in modern ecosystems.
Published: 2021
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3. Rationale and Proposed Design for a Mars Sample Return (MSR) Science Program

Author: Haltigin, Timothy, Hauber, Ernst, Kminek, Gerhard, Meyer, Michael A., Agee, Carl B., Busemann, Henner, Carrier, Brandi Lee, Glavin, Daniel P., Hays, Lindsay E, Marty, Bernard, Pratt, Lisa M, Udry, Arya, Zorzano, Maria-Paz, Beaty, David W, Cavalazzi, Barbara, Cockell, Charles S., Debaille, Vinciane, Grady, Monica M., Hutzler, Aurore, McCubbin, Francis M., Regberg, Aaron B., Smith, Alvin L., Smith, Caroline L, Summons, Roger E., Swindle, Timothy D., Tait, Kimberly T., Tosca, Nicholas J., Usui, Tomohiro, Velbel, Michael A., Wadhwa, Meenakshi, Westall, Frances, Canadian Space Agency (CSA), German Aerospace Center (DLR), European Space Agency (ESA), NASA Headquarters, Institute of Meteoritics [Albuquerque] (IOM), The University of New Mexico [Albuquerque], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Indiana University [Bloomington], Indiana University System, University of Nevada [Las Vegas] (WGU Nevada), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), University of Bologna, Planetary and Space Sciences Research Institute [Milton Keynes] (PSSRI), Centre for Earth, Planetary, Space and Astronomical Research [Milton Keynes] (CEPSAR), The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Planetary and Space Sciences [Milton Keynes] (PSS), School of Physical Sciences [Milton Keynes], Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics [Milton Keynes], The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics [Milton Keynes], Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science (ARES), NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA-NASA, Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Lunar and Planetary Laboratory [Tucson] (LPL), University of Arizona, Royal Ontario Museum, Department of Earth Sciences [Cambridge, UK], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Tokyo] (JAXA), Michigan State University System, Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), and Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)
Subjects: geology, laboratory experiments, Extraterrestrial Environment, Earth, Planet, astrobiology, Mars, sample return, Space Flight, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Space and Planetary Science, sample analysis, Exobiology, Humans, Mars Sample Return (MSR) Campaign
Abstract: The Mars Sample Return (MSR) Campaign represents one of the most ambitious scientific endeavors ever undertaken. Analyses of the martian samples would offer unique science benefits that cannot be attained through orbital or landed missions that rely only on remote sensing and in situ measurements, respectively.As currently designed, the MSR Campaign comprises a number of scientific, technical, and programmatic bodies and relationships, captured in a series of existing and anticipated documents. Ensuring that all required scientific activities are properly designed, managed, and executed would require significant planning and coordination. Because there are multiple scientific elements that would need to be executed to achieve MSR Campaign success, it is critical to ensure that the appropriate management, oversight, planning, and resources are made available to accomplish them. This could be achieved via a formal MSR Science Management Plan (SMP).A subset of the MSR Science Planning Group 2 (MSPG2)-termed the SMP Focus Group-was tasked to develop inputs for an MSR Campaign SMP. The scope is intended to cover the interface to the Mars 2020 mission, science elements in the MSR flight program, ground-based science infrastructure, MSR science opportunities, and the MSR sample and science data management.In this report, a comprehensive MSR Science Program is proposed that comprises specific science bodies and/or activities that could be implemented to address the science functionalities throughout the MSR Campaign. The proposed structure was designed by taking into consideration previous management review processes, a set of guiding principles, and key lessons learned from previous robotic exploration and sample return missions., Astrobiology, 22 (S1), ISSN:1531-1074, ISSN:1557-8070
Published: 2022
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4. A revision of Ophidiaster davidsoni de Loriol and Pellat 1874 from the Tithonian of Boulogne (France) and its transfer from the Valvatacea to the new forcipulatacean genus Psammaster gen. nov

Author: Fau, Marine, Villier, Loïc, Ewin, Timothy, Gale, Andrew, Department of Geosciences [Fribourg], Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), School of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Portsmouth], and University of Portsmouth
Subjects: [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy
Abstract: International audience; Forcipulatacea is one of the three major groups of extant sea stars (Asteroidea: Echinodermata), composed of 400 extant species, but only known from fewer than 25 fossil species. Despite unequivocal members being recognized in the early Jurassic, the evolutionary history of this group is still the subject of debate. Thus, the identification of any new fossil representatives is significant. We here reappraise Ophidiaster davidsoni de Loriol and Pellat 1874 from the Tithonian of Boulogne, France, which was assigned to another major extant group, the Valvatacea, and reassign it within a new forcipulatacean genus, Psammaster gen. nov. Psammaster davidsoni gen. nov. possess key Forcipulat-acea synapomorphies including compressed ambulacrals and adambulacrals and typical organization of the body wall and arm ossicles. A phylogenetic analysis including Psammas-ter davidsoni gen. nov. does not place it within any existing forcipulatacean family. Instead, Psammaster davidsoni gen. nov. exhibits a mix of plesiomorphic and derived characters and is resolved as a sister clade to a large group including the Asteriidae, Stichasteridae, and Heliasteridae. Removal of this species from the Ophidiasteridae means their oldest fossil representative now dates from the Santonian, Upper Cre-taceous.
Published: 2020
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5. The first fossil Perilestidae (Odonata: Zygoptera) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber

Author: Edmund A. Jarzembowski, Bo Wang, André Nel, Daran Zheng, Su-Chin Chang, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology (NIGPAS-CAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Nanjing Branch], Department of Earth Sciences [Hong kong], The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, Odonata, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Cretaceous, Burmese, Paleontology, Perilestidae, Damselfly, Extant taxon, Burmese amber, Cenomanian, Zygoptera, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, biology, biology.organism_classification, Perilestes, language.human_language, language, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology
Abstract: International audience; Palaeoperilestes electronicus gen. et sp. nov. is the first perilestid damselfly described from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. This new damselfly can be attributed to the family Perilestidae by the midfork being distal of the subnodus and the base of IR2 quite near to the base of RP2, both features found in the extant genera Perilestes and Perissolestes. Palaeoperilestes electronicus gen. et sp. nov. has a strongly zigzagged IR1, however, differing from Perilestes and Perissolestes which have a straight IR1. The discovery not only adds to the diversity of damselflies in Burmese amber, but also puts the origin of Perilestidae back to at least the mid-Cretaceous.
Published: 2016
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6. The discovery of the hindwing of the Early Cretaceous dragonfly Sinaktassia tangi Lin, Nel & Huang, 2010 (Odonata, Aktassiidae) in northeastern China

Author: Edmund A. Jarzembowski, Su-Chin Chang, Daran Zheng, Haichun Zhang, André Nel, Bo Wang, State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology (NIGPAS-CAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Nanjing Branch]-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Nanjing Branch], Department of Earth Sciences [Hong kong], The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: earliest Aptian, China, 010506 paleontology, hind wing, biology, Ecology, Yixian Formation, Paleontology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Odonata, biology.organism_classification, Inner mongolia, Dragonfly, 01 natural sciences, Cretaceous, Sinaktassia tangi, Taxon, dragonfly, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; A well-preserved female hindwing of the petalurid dragonfly Sinaktassia tangi Lin, Nel & Huang, 2010 is described from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Inner Mongolia, China. The discovery of this hindwing allows to complete the description of this Chinese Cretaceous taxon, provides distinctive features from other Aktassiidae, and indicates a comparatively wide distribution of this dragonfly in northeast China.
Published: 2016
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7. The abundance and isotopic composition of water in eucrites

Author: Ian A. Franchi, Bruce L. A. Charlier, T. J. Barrett, Mahesh Anand, Romain Tartèse, Richard C. Greenwood, Monica M. Grady, Jessica Barnes, Planetary and Space Sciences [Milton Keynes] (PSS), School of Physical Sciences [Milton Keynes], Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics [Milton Keynes], The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics [Milton Keynes], The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Basalt, Eucrite, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Metamorphic rock, Geochemistry, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Apatite, Geophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Chondrite, Abundance (ecology), visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Volatiles, Earth (classical element), Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; Volatile elements play a key role in the dynamics of planetary evolution. Extensive work has been carried out to determine the abundance, distribution, and source(s) of volatiles in planetary bodies such as the Earth, Moon, and Mars. A recent study showed that the water in apatite from eucrites has similar hydrogen isotopic compositions compared to water in terrestrial rocks and carbonaceous chondrites, suggesting that water accreted very early in the inner solar system given the ancient crystallization ages (~4.5 Ga) of eucrites. Here, the measurements of water (reported as equivalent H2O abundances) and the hydrogen isotopic composition (δD) of apatite from five basaltic eucrites and one cumulate eucrite are reported. Apatite H2O abundances range from ~30 to ~3500 ppm and are associated with a weighted average δD value of −34 ± 67‰. No systematic variations or correlations are observed in H2O abundance or δD value with eucrite geochemical trend or metamorphic grade. These results extend the range of previously published hydrogen isotope data for eucrites and confirm the striking homogeneity in the H-isotopic composition of water in eucrites, which is consistent with a common source for water in the inner solar system.
Published: 2016
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8. Reconstructing trait evolution in plant evo–devo studies

Author: Mélanie K. Rich, Jan de Vries, Pierre-Marc Delaux, Christine Strullu-Derrien, Yoan Coudert, Paul Kenrick, Alexander J. Hetherington, Stefan A. Rensing, Sven B. Gould, Fay-Wei Li, Charles F. Delwiche, Hervé Philippe, Christophe Dunand, Evolution des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford [Oxford], Reproduction et développement des plantes (RDP), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux (SCSV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Dynamique et Evolution des Parois cellulaires végétales, Philipps Universität Marburg, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Boyce Thompson Institute [Ithaca], Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Philipps University of Marburg, Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM), Dalhousie University [Halifax], French National Research Agency (ANR) ANR-17-CE20-0006-01, German Research Foundation (DFG) VR132/1-1 VR132/3-1, French National Center for Scientific Research (ATIP-AVENIR research fellowship), University of Lyon (IMPULSION grant), George Grosvenor Freeman Fellowship by Examination in Sciences, Magdalen College (Oxford), Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station (MAES), National Science Foundation (NSF) DEB1831428 LRSV laboratory ANR-10-LABX-41, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Philipps Universität Marburg = Philipps University of Marburg, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-17-CE20-0006,EVOLSYM,Découverte de réseaux moléculaires symbiotiques chez les plantes par des approches basée sur l'évolution(2017), Philipps Universität Marbug, Natural History Museum [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Comparative biology, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Life history theory, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Life History Traits, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, Gametophyte, Resistance (ecology), fungi, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, Plants, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Biological Evolution, 030104 developmental biology, Evolutionary biology, Trait, Evolutionary developmental biology, Petal, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Diversity (politics)
Abstract: International audience; Our planet is teeming with an astounding diversity of plants. In a mere single group of closely related species, tremendous diversity can be observed in their form and function - the colour of petals in flowering plants, the shape of the fronds in ferns, and the branching pattern of the gametophyte in mosses. Diversity can also be found in subtler traits, such as the resistance to pathogens or the ability to recruit symbiotic microbes from the environment. Plant traits can also be highly conserved - at the cellular and metabolic levels, entire biosynthetic pathways are present in all plant groups, and morphological characteristics such as vascular tissues have been conserved for hundreds of millions of years. The research community that seeks to understand these traits - both the diverse and the conserved - by taking an evolutionary point-of-view on plant biology is growing. Here, we summarize a subset of the different aspects of plant evolutionary biology, provide a guide for structuring comparative biology approaches and discuss the pitfalls that (plant) researchers should avoid when embarking on such studies.
Published: 2019
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9. The first Cretaceous damselfly of the Jurassic family Steleopteridae (Odonata: Zygoptera), from Surrey, England

Author: E. A. Jarzembowski, André Nel, Daran Zheng, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology (NIGPAS-CAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Nanjing Branch], Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM), and The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, biology, Odonata, Event (relativity), Paleontology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Cretaceous, Geography, Damselfly, 21 Insecta, Steleopteridae, sp nov, Lower Cretaceous, Mesozoic, UK, Cenomanian, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Zygoptera, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; Steleopteron cretacicus sp. nov., first Cretaceous and most recent representative of the small Mesozoic family Steleopteridae, is described from the Wealden of the UK. This discovery shows that this Jurassic family survived into the Cretaceous. It probably became extinct during or after the great entomofaunal changes of the Albian – Cenomanian event.
Published: 2019
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10. New constraints on elemental and Pb and Nd isotope compositions of South American and Southern African aerosol sources to the South Atlantic Ocean

Author: Barry J. Coles, Dominik J. Weiss, Katharina Kreissig, Stanislav Strekopytov, Rémi Losno, T. van de Flierdt, Mark Rehkämper, P. Cid-Agüero, Marly Babinski, A. Bory, Roulin Khondoker, V. Bout-Roumazeilles, P. Smichowski, Fabrice Monna, Emma Humphreys-Williams, Shuofei Dong, Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CNRS, UMR8187, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), Columbia University [New York], Imperial College London, Department of Earth Science and Technology [Imperial College London], Instituto de Geociências [São Paulo], Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéologie, Terre, Histoire, Sociétés [Dijon] (ARTeHiS), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth Science and Engineering [Imperial College London], Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica [ARGENTINA] (CNEA), Universidad de Magallanes (UMAG), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lille-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), This study was supported by the NERC grant NE/H005390/1. We would like to acknowledge the CLIM-Amazon project for their financial support of RK (GA no. 295091–project Inco-LAB FP7 supported by the EC)., Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Université de Lille-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)
Subjects: Geochemistry & Geophysics, Biogeochemical cycle, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Range (biology), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Geochemistry, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Source characterisation, 01 natural sciences, Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5 [https], [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Geochemistry and Petrology, SOUTHERN AFRICA, SOUTH AMERICA, Isotopic and elemental composition, 0402 Geochemistry, GEOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT, Trace metal, Aerosol, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [PHYS]Physics [physics], SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN, Volcanic belt, Trace element, AEROSOL, South Atlantic Ocean, SOURCE CHARACTERISATION, South America, Geophysics, 13. Climate action, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Geochemical assessment, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science, Aeolian processes, ISOTOPIC AND ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION, Meteorología y Ciencias Atmosféricas, Southern Africa, AEROSSOL, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Volcanic ash
Abstract: Improving the geochemical database available for characterising potential natural and anthropogenic aerosol sources from South America and Southern Africa is a critical precondition for studies aimed at understanding trace metal controls on the marine biogeochemical cycles of the South Atlantic Ocean. We here present new elemental and isotopic data for a wide range of sample types from South America and Southern Africa that are potentially important aerosol sources. This includes road dust from Buenos Aires and lichen samples from Johannesburg, soil dust from Patagonia, volcanic ash from the Andean volcanic belt, and aerosol samples from São Paulo. All samples were investigated for major (Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, Na, K, Mn) and trace element (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, REE, Sc, Th, Y, V, Zn) concentrations and Nd and Pb isotopic compositions. We show that diagrams of 208Pb/207Pb vs. εNd, 208Pb/207Pb vs. Pb/Al, 1/[Pb], Zn/Al, Cd/Al, Cu/Al, and εNd vs. Pb/Al, and 1/[Nd] are best suited to separate South American and South African source regions as well as natural and anthropogenic sources. A subset of samples from Patagonia and the Andes was additionally subjected to separation of a fine (
Published: 2018
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11. Petrology of a nonindigenous microgranitic clast in polymict ureilite EET 87720: Evidence for formation of evolved melt on an unknown parent body

Author: M. Chaussidon, Hilary Downes, Andy Beard, Centre for Planetary Sciences [UCL/Birkbeck] (CPS), University College of London [London] (UCL), Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [UCL/Birkbeck], Birkbeck College [University of London], Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geochemistry, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Ureilite, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Feldspar, 01 natural sciences, Parent body, Isotopes of oxygen, Albite, es, Geophysics, Tridymite, Space and Planetary Science, visual_art, Breccia, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Phenocryst, Petrology, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; EET 87720 is a polymict ureilite breccia known to contain numerous nonindigenous fragments. We have discovered a microgranitic clast in an interior chip of Elephant Moraine (EET) 87720. The clast consists of a granophyre‐like intergrowth of a pure SiO2 phase (tridymite) and albite, mantling a zoned oligoclase phenocryst. In the intergrowth, the tridymite occurs as thin elongate vermicular blebs within larger albite crystals. The granophyre‐like intergrowth and the oligoclase phenocryst share a common margin, suggesting that the clast was originally part of a larger fragment. An estimate of its bulk composition is equivalent to that of granite (77 wt% SiO2). Patches of high‐Si K‐bearing glass occur interstitially within the clast; they have high concentrations of SO3 (11–12 wt%) and contain Cl (0.6 wt%), suggesting that the clast formed on a volatile‐rich parent body perhaps resembling early Mars. The mean oxygen isotope composition of the feldspar and tridymite in the clast is very different from the oxygen isotope compositions of ureilites, and is similar to those of silicate inclusions in IIE and IVA irons. Thus, the clast is not indigenous to the ureilite parent body, but it provides evidence for the formation of evolved melts on an unknown parent body in the early solar system.
Published: 2015
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12. Amber fossils demonstrate deep-time stability of Caribbean lizard communities

Author: Emma Sherratt, Jonathan B. Losos, Thomas J. Sanger, María del Rosario Castañeda, Kevin de Queiroz, D. Luke Mahler, Anthony Herrel, Russell J. Garwood, Harvard University [Cambridge], Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Time Factors, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Fauna, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Anolis, 03 medical and health sciences, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Phylogenetics, Adaptive radiation, biology.animal, Animals, Body Size, Clade, Ecosystem, Phylogeny, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Deep time, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, biology, Fossils, Ecology, Lizard, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, Brain, Discriminant Analysis, Bayes Theorem, Lizards, X-Ray Microtomography, Biological Sciences, biology.organism_classification, Amber, Dominican amber, Caribbean Region
Abstract: Whether the structure of ecological communities can exhibit stability over macroevolutionary timescales has long been debated. The similarity of independently evolved Anolis lizard communities on environmentally similar Greater Antillean islands supports the notion that community evolution is deterministic. However, a dearth of Caribbean Anolis fossils--only three have been described to date--has precluded direct investigation of the stability of anole communities through time. Here we report on an additional 17 fossil anoles in Dominican amber dating to 15-20 My before the present. Using data collected primarily by X-ray microcomputed tomography (X-ray micro-CT), we demonstrate that the main elements of Hispaniolan anole ecomorphological diversity were in place in the Miocene. Phylogenetic analysis yields results consistent with the hypothesis that the ecomorphs that evolved in the Miocene are members of the same ecomorph clades extant today. The primary axes of ecomorphological diversity in the Hispaniolan anole fauna appear to have changed little between the Miocene and the present, providing evidence for the stability of ecological communities over macroevolutionary timescales.
Published: 2015
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13. Advanced analytical techniques for studying the morphology and chemistry of Proterozoic microfossils

Author: Leila Battison, Martin D. Brasier, Keyron Hickman-Lewis, Russell J. Garwood, David Wacey, Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), and Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)
Subjects: Laser raman, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Proterozoic, Geology, Ocean Engineering, Morphology (biology), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Paleontology, Confocal laser scanning microscopy, Assemblage (archaeology), [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology
Abstract: International audience; This paper outlines the suite of advanced multi-scalar techniques currently available in the toolkit of the modern Proterozoic palaeobiologist. These include non-intrusive and non-destructive optical, laser and X-ray techniques, plus more destructive ion beam and electron beam methods. Together, these provide morphological, mineralogical and biochemical data at flexible spatial scales from that of an individual atom to the largest Proterozoic microfossils. An overview is given of each technique and a case study from the exceptionally well-preserved Torridonian biota of NW Scotland is presented. This microfossil assemblage was first recognized over a century ago, but its great diversity and evolutionary importance has only recently come to light, due in no small part to the research efforts of Martin Brasier.
Published: 2017
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14. X-ray microtomography as a tool for investigating the petrological context of Precambrian cellular remains

Author: David Wacey, Keyron Hickman-Lewis, Russell J. Garwood, Philip J. Withers, Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), and University of Manchester [Manchester]
Subjects: Paleontology, Precambrian, X-ray microtomography, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Geology, Ocean Engineering, Context (language use), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology
Abstract: International audience; A wide spectrum of tomographic techniques now exists for studying palaeontological specimens, but the suitability of these methods for assessing Earth’s oldest prokaryotic life has not been comprehensively investigated. We evaluated the ability of X-ray computed tomography – specifically X-ray microtomography – to reveal the morphology and petrological context of Precambrian microfossils, pseudofossils and biosedimentary structures, all of which are important in the origin and early evolution of life of Earth. The materials tested came from the Pilbara Craton of Western Australia (the 3.49 Ga Dresser Formation, the 3.46 Ga Apex chert and the 3.43 Ga Strelley Pool Formation) and the 1.88 Ga Gunflint Formation of Ontario, Canada. These units chart key developments in palaeobiology. The oldest formations contain profoundly controversial microfossil-like objects and microbially-induced sedimentary structures, whereas definitive prokaryotes are found in the youngest formations. We demonstrate that the imaging of individual microfossils and pseudofossils currently lies at the limits of the capabilities of laboratory-based X-ray microtomography and requires beneficial taphonomy. However, microtomography does provide a good overview of their petrological context at flexible spatial scales, although the quality of the data obtained from mesoscopic microbially-induced sedimentary structures and stromatolites depends largely on their style of preservation.
Published: 2017
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15. Open data and digital morphology

Author: Timothy B. Rowe, Zongjun Yin, Chris Stringer, Thomas G. Davies, Brian D. Metscher, Alistair R. Evans, Stephen Wroe, John R. Hutchinson, Russell J. Garwood, Nathan Jeffery, Jesús Marugán-Lobón, Lawrence M. Witmer, Adam P. Summers, Selena Y. Smith, Emily J. Rayfield, Philip C. J. Donoghue, Peter L. Falkingham, Martin Rücklin, Stephan Lautenschlager, Maeva J. Orliac, Vera Weisbecker, Stig A. Walsh, Imran A. Rahman, Mark D. Sutton, Xi Ping Dong, Paul O'Higgins, Stefan Bengtson, Marcelo R. Sánchez-Villagra, Renaud Lebrun, Robert J. Asher, Neil H. Shubin, John A. Cunningham, Paul M. Barrett, Philip G. Cox, Carlos Martínez-Pérez, Matt Friedman, José Braga, Doug M. Boyer, J. Matthias Starck, Zerina Johanson, Jen A. Bright, Leon P. A. M. Claessens, Anjali Goswami, Roger B. J. Benson, Karl T. Bates, Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), School of Earth Sciences [Bristol], University of Bristol [Bristol], Oxford University Museum of Natural History, University of Oxford [Oxford], School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Birmingham], University of Birmingham [Birmingham], Museum of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Department of Palaeobiology [Stockholm], Swedish Museum of Natural History (NRM), Department of Earth Sciences [Oxford], Department of Evolutionary Anthropology Durham, Duke University [Durham], Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse (AMIS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Geosciences, University of South Florida, Florida, Tampa, USA, University of South Florida [Tampa] (USF), College of the Holy Cross, Departments of Archaeology [York] (BioArch), University of York [York, UK], School of Earth and Space Sciences [Beijing], Peking University [Beijing], School of Biological Sciences, VIC, Monash University, Faculty of Science/School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Museum of Paleontology [Ann Arbor], School of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Manchester] (SEES), University of Manchester [Manchester], Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Centre for Biodiversity and Environment, Research, University College of London [London] (UCL), Structure and Motion Laboratory, Royal Veterinary College, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Unidad de Paleontologia, Departamento de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Department of theoretical biology, University of Vienna, Jackson School of Geosciences (JSG), University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], Paläontologisches Institut und Museum der Universität Zürich, Paläontologisches Institut und Museum der Univer sität Zürich, University of Chicago, Oxford University Museum of Natural History (OUMNH), University of Oxford, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universität Wien
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics, DYNAMICS, Computer science, Datasets as Topic, Reuse, 01 natural sciences, FOSSILS, three-dimensional models, Naturvetenskap, Data Curation, General Environmental Science, Ecology, palaeontology, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], General Medicine, 11 Medical And Health Sciences, CC, biomechanics Keywords: digital data, Open data, Perspective, Computer data storage, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Natural Sciences, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, TISSUES, phenotype, Best practice, Digital data, Library science, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, 010603 evolutionary biology, Biological Science Disciplines, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, QA76, functional analysis, Set (abstract data type), 03 medical and health sciences, PALEONTOLOGY, Biology, Subject Category: Morphology and biomechanics Subject Areas: evolution, visualization, digital data, Evolutionary Biology, Science & Technology, TOMOGRAPHIC MICROSCOPY, Morphology and Biomechanics, General Immunology and Microbiology, business.industry, Research, QH, Reproducibility of Results, computed tomography, PERFORMANCE, 06 Biological Sciences, Data science, EVOLUTION, Visualization, 030104 developmental biology, VISUALIZATION, 07 Agricultural And Veterinary Sciences, business
Abstract: International audience; Over the past two decades, the development of methods for visualizing and analysing specimens digitally, in three and even four dimensions, has transformed the study of living and fossil organisms. However, the initial promise that the widespread application of such methods would facilitate access to the underlying digital data has not been fully achieved. The underlying datasets for many published studies are not readily or freely available, introducing a barrier to verification and reproducibility, and the reuse of data. There is no current agreement or policy on the amount and type of data that should be made available alongside studies that use, and in some cases are wholly reliant on, digital morphology. Here, we propose a set of recommendations for minimum standards and additional best practice for three-dimensional digital data publication, and review the issues around data storage, management and accessibility.
Published: 2017
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16. Extreme adaptations for probable visual courtship behaviour in a Cretaceous dancing damselfly

Author: Bo Wang, Haichun Zhang, Su-Chin Chang, Edmund A. Jarzembowski, Daran Zheng, Fangyuan Xia, Haoying Liu, André Nel, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology (NIGPAS-CAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Nanjing Branch], Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Department of Earth Sciences [Hong kong], The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Nanjiao Bieshu, Shangai, Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS)-Institute of Zoology, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, Insecta, media_common.quotation_subject, Zoology, Chlorocyphidae, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Article, Courtship, Damselfly, Animals, Mating, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Multidisciplinary, Behavior, Animal, biology, Courtship display, Ecology, Megaloceros, biology.organism_classification, Adaptation, Physiological, Sexual selection, Adaptation, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology
Abstract: Courtship behaviours, frequent among modern insects, have left extremely rare fossil traces. None are known previously for fossil odonatans. Fossil traces of such behaviours are better known among the vertebrates, e.g. the hypertelic antlers of the Pleistocene giant deer Megaloceros giganteus. Here we describe spectacular extremely expanded, pod-like tibiae in males of a platycnemidid damselfly from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Such structures in modern damselflies, help to fend off other suitors as well as attract mating females, increasing the chances of successful mating. Modern Platycnemidinae and Chlorocyphidae convergently acquired similar but less developed structures. The new findings provide suggestive evidence of damselfly courtship behaviour as far back as the mid-Cretaceous. These data show an unexpected morphological disparity in dancing damselfly leg structure, and shed new light on mechanisms of sexual selection involving intra- and intersex reproductive competition during the Cretaceous.
Published: 2017
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17. Carbonaceous microstructures from sedimentary laminated chert within the 3.46 Ga Apex Basalt, Chinaman Creek locality, Pilbara, Western Australia

Author: Nicola McLoughlin, Tomasz Goral, Russell J. Garwood, Keyron Hickman-Lewis, Martin D. Brasier, David Wacey, Haibo Jiang, Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute, The University of Western Australia (UWA), and Department of Geology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6139, South Africa
Subjects: Basalt, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Microbially induced sedimentary structure, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Archean, Pilbara Craton, Geology, Pilbara, Greenstone belt, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Carbon, Volcanic rock, Paleontology, MISS, Geochemistry and Petrology, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Sedimentary rock, Siliciclastic, Archaean life, Apex chert, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; Hydrothermal black chert veins intruding the 3.46 Ga Apex Basalt contain some of Earth’s oldest microfossil-like objects, whose biogenicity has been questioned. Whilst these black chert veins have been studied in great detail, relatively little is known about the stratiform, seafloor, sedimentary cherts that are conformably interbedded with volcanic rocks of the Apex Basalt.Herein, we document and assess the biogenicity of carbonaceous microstructures present in the lowermost of the stratiform chert units (informally known as the ‘Apex chert’), at the Chinaman Creek locality in the Marble Bar greenstone belt, Pilbara Craton, Western Australia. Carbonaceous material mostly occurs within clotted grey-black cherts and microgranular ‘grainstone-like’ cherts within the stratiform unit, the latter being the major focus of this study. In the clotted cherts, carbon occurs as lobate, fluffy grains, rare compressed flakes, and as a grain boundary phase around spherulitic silica. There is no morphological evidence to support the biogenicity of these microstructures. In contrast, the microgranular chert contains fluffy and flaky carbonaceous grains, plus laminated grains comprising multiple non-isopachous wrinkled carbonaceous laminae, with noted thickening towards some ridge crests, as determined by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Roll-up structures provide evidence of an initial plasticity, interpreted to have formed via the tearing-up and current-induced plastic deformation of microbial mat fragments. Geochemical mapping, using laser Raman micro-spectroscopy and NanoSIMS, respectively demonstrates the antiquity of the carbon, and reveals a close correlation between carbon, nitrogen and sometimes sulphur, concentrated within dark brown to black laminae. Adjacent to microgranular zones are zones of more persistent carbonaceous, undulose, filament-like laminae that entrain relict sediment grains. These microstructures are directly comparable to a sub-type of microbially induced sedimentary structure (MISS), widely reported from younger siliciclastic sediments colonised by microbial biofilms.The morphology and chemical composition of both the non-isopachous laminated grains and the filament-like laminae are consistent with a biological interpretation, suggesting microscopic MISS were present in the microgranular stratiform ‘Apex chert’. However, the fact that neither macroscopic MISS nor bona fide microfossils have yet been reported from this unit, coupled with the proximity of these structures to active hydrothermal vents, potentially discharging hot carbon-rich fluids, urges caution in such an interpretation. The Chinaman Creek ‘Apex chert’ investigated here is one of at least five sedimentary, laminated cherts within the Apex Basalt. These horizons are promising targets in the search for biological activity within a dominantly volcanic Archaean environment.
Published: 2016
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18. Debris-carrying camouflage among diverse lineages of Cretaceous insects

Author: Torsten Wappler, Fangyuan Xia, Bo Wang, Vincent Perrichot, Michael S. Engel, Gongle Shi, Jun Chen, Jes Rust, Edmund A. Jarzembowski, Haichun Zhang, State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology (NIGPAS-CAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Nanjing Branch]-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Nanjing Branch], Institute of Computing Technology [Beijing] (ICT), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (UCAS), Division of Entomology, University of Kansas [Lawrence] (KU), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Nanjing Branch], Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, Insecta, media_common.quotation_subject, Insect, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Cretaceous, paleobotany, camouflage, Animals, 14. Life underwater, paleoentomology, Biological Mimicry, Research Articles, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Larva, Multidisciplinary, Behavior, Animal, Ecology, Fossils, SciAdv r-articles, Paleontology, Debris, Adaptation, Physiological, Biological Evolution, Amber, Camouflage, Paleobotany, Paleoecology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Research Article
Abstract: A diverse insect assemblage of exceptionally preserved debris carriers is reported from Cretaceous Burmese, French, and Lebanese ambers., Insects have evolved diverse methods of camouflage that have played an important role in their evolutionary success. Debris-carrying, a behavior of actively harvesting and carrying exogenous materials, is among the most fascinating and complex behaviors because it requires not only an ability to recognize, collect, and carry materials but also evolutionary adaptations in related morphological characteristics. However, the fossil record of such behavior is extremely scarce, and only a single Mesozoic example from Spanish amber has been recorded; therefore, little is known about the early evolution of this complicated behavior and its underlying anatomy. We report a diverse insect assemblage of exceptionally preserved debris carriers from Cretaceous Burmese, French, and Lebanese ambers, including the earliest known chrysopoid larvae (green lacewings), myrmeleontoid larvae (split-footed lacewings and owlflies), and reduviids (assassin bugs). These ancient insects used a variety of debris material, including insect exoskeletons, sand grains, soil dust, leaf trichomes of gleicheniacean ferns, wood fibers, and other vegetal debris. They convergently evolved their debris-carrying behavior through multiple pathways, which expressed a high degree of evolutionary plasticity. We demonstrate that the behavioral repertoire, which is associated with considerable morphological adaptations, was already widespread among insects by at least the Mid-Cretaceous. Together with the previously known Spanish specimen, these fossils are the oldest direct evidence of camouflaging behavior in the fossil record. Our findings provide a novel insight into early evolution of camouflage in insects and ancient ecological associations among plants and insects.
Published: 2016
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19. Plants, fungi and oomycetes: a 400-million year affair that shapes the biosphere

Author: Sophien Kamoun, Paul Kenrick, Francis Martin, Christine Strullu-Derrien, Marc-André Selosse, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes (IAM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Norwich Research Park, The Sainsbury Laboratory [Norwich] (TSL), Laboratoire d'Excellence ARBRE, ANR-11-LABX-0002-01 Laboratoire d'Excellence BCDiv., European Project: 298735, Biologie Intégrative des Populations, École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), The Sainsbury Laboratory (TSL), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Physiology, DIVERSITY, EFFECTOR, Plant Science, Biology, co-evolution, RHYNIE CHERT, 01 natural sciences, 10(th) New Phytologist Workshop, 03 medical and health sciences, ATMOSPHERIC OXYGEN, Mycorrhizal fungi, Botany, Oomycota, LAND PLANTS, terrestrialization, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, GENOME EVOLUTION, Atmospheric oxygen, Ecology, plants, Biosphere, biogeochemical cycles, LINEAGE, POTATO FAMINE PATHOGEN, Eumycota, plant-fungal interactions, MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, CARBON-CYCLE, 010606 plant biology & botany, Rhynie chert
Abstract: absent
Published: 2015
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20. The earliest wood and its hydraulic properties documented in c. 407-million-year-old fossils using synchrotron microtomography

Author: Strullu-Derrien, Christine, Kenrick, Paul, Tafforeau, Paul, Cochard, Hervé, Bonnemain, Jean-Louis, Le Hérissé, Alain, Lardeux, Hubert, Badel, Eric, Laboratoire Mycorhizes, Université d'Angers (UA), Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l'Arbre Fruitier et Forestier (PIAF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Sucres & Echanges Végétaux-Environnement (SEVE), Ecologie et biologie des interactions (EBI), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Domaines Océaniques (LDO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Le Verger-Beaucé, European Commission under the Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship Programme, Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)
Subjects: Vegetal Biology, tracheids, Armoricaphyton chateaupannense, Devonian, hydraulic conductivity, pyrite, wood, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], vent, conductivité hydraulique, Keywords: Armoricaphyton chateaupannense, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Biologie végétale
Abstract: We document xylem structure and hydraulic properties in the earliest woody plant Armoricaphyton chateaupannense gen. nov. & sp. nov. based on c. 407-million-year-old fossils from the Armorican Massif, western France. The plant was small, and the woody axes were narrow and permineralized in pyrite (FeS2). We used standard palaeobotanical methods and employed propagation phase contrast X-ray synchrotron microtomography (PPC-SRμCT) to create three-dimensional images of the wood and to evaluate its properties. The xylem comprised tracheids and rays, which developed from a cambium. Tracheids possessed an early extinct type of scalariform bordered pitting known as P-type. Our observations indicate that wood evolved initially in plants of small stature that were members of Euphyllophytina, a clade that includes living seed plants, horsetails and ferns. Hydraulic properties were calculated from measurements taken from the PPC-SRμCT images. The specific hydraulic conductivity of the xylem area was calculated as 8.7 kg m−1 s−1 and the mean cell thickness-to-span ratio (t/b)2 of tracheids was 0.0372. The results show that the wood was suited to high conductive performance with low mechanical resistance to hydraulic tension. We argue that axis rigidity in the earliest woody plants initially evolved through the development of low-density woods. © 2014 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2014, 175, 423–437.
Published: 2014
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21. Rare earth elements in phoscorites and carbonatites of the Devonian Kola Alkaline Province, Russia: Examples from Kovdor, Khibina, Vuoriyarvi and Turiy Mys complexes

Author: Frances Wall, Olga V. Ivashchenkova, Anatoly N. Zaitsev, Jacques Moutte, Alexey P. Borozdin, C. Terry Williams, Sergey V. Petrov, Reimar Seltmann, John Spratt, Teresa Jeffries, Stanislav Strekopytov, Department of Mineralogy (DoM-SPSU), St Petersburg State University (SPbU), Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Département GéoSciences et Environnement (GSE-ENSMSE), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-SPIN, Centre Sciences des Processus Industriels et Naturels (SPIN-ENSMSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Environnement Ville Société (EVS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Department of Mineral Deposits (DMP-SPSU), Camborne School of Mines (CSM-UE), University of Exeter, Saint Petersburg State University, Department of Mineralogy and Department of Mineral Deposits, Natural History Museum, Department of Earth Sciences, Camborne School of Mines, Environnement, Ville, Société (EVS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Calcite, Rhodochrosite, Radiogenic nuclide, Kola Alkaline Province, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Dolomite, Geochemistry, Geology, Ancylite, Carbonatites, Siderite, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Rare earth minerals, 13. Climate action, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Carbonatite, Phoscorites, Economic Geology, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Metasomatism, Rare earth elements
Abstract: International audience; The Devonian (ca. 385-360 Ma) Kola Alkaline Province includes 22 plutonic ultrabasic-alkaline complexes, some of which also contain carbonatites and rarely phoscorites. The latter are composite silicate-oxide-phosphate-carbonate rocks, occurring in close space-time genetic relations with various carbonatites. Several carbonatites types are recognized at Kola, including abundant calcite carbonatites (early- and late-stage), with subordinate amounts of late-stage dolomite carbonatites, and rarely magnesite, siderite and rhodochrosite carbonatites. In phoscorites and early-stage carbonatites the rare earth elements (REE) are distributed among the major minerals including calcite (up to 490 ppm), apatite (up to 4400 ppm in Kovdor and 3.5 wt.% REE2O3 in Khibina), and dolomite (up to 77 ppm), as well as accessory pyrochlore (up to 9.1 wt.% REE2O3) and zirconolite (up to 17.8 wt.% REE2O3). Late-stage carbonatites, at some localities, are strongly enriched in REE (up to 5.2 wt.% REE2O3 in Khibina) and the REE are major components in diverse major and minor minerals such as burbankite, carbocernaite, Ca- and Ba-fluocarbonates, ancylite and others. The rare earth minerals form two distinct mineral assemblages: primary (crystallized from a melt or carbohydrothermal fluid) and secondary (formed during metasomatic replacement). Stable (C-O) and radiogenic (Sr-Nd) isotopes data indicate that the REE minerals and their host calcite and/or dolomite have crystallized from a melt derived from the same mantle source and are co-genetic.
Published: 2014
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21 results on '"Department of Earth Sciences [NHM London] (DES-NHM)"'

1. Formation and evolution of carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu: Direct evidence from returned samples

2. An expanded diversity of oomycetes in Carboniferous forests: Reinterpretation of Oochytrium lepidodendri (Renault 1894) from the Esnost chert, Massif Central, France

3. Rationale and Proposed Design for a Mars Sample Return (MSR) Science Program

4. A revision of Ophidiaster davidsoni de Loriol and Pellat 1874 from the Tithonian of Boulogne (France) and its transfer from the Valvatacea to the new forcipulatacean genus Psammaster gen. nov

5. The first fossil Perilestidae (Odonata: Zygoptera) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber

6. The discovery of the hindwing of the Early Cretaceous dragonfly Sinaktassia tangi Lin, Nel & Huang, 2010 (Odonata, Aktassiidae) in northeastern China

7. The abundance and isotopic composition of water in eucrites

8. Reconstructing trait evolution in plant evo–devo studies

9. The first Cretaceous damselfly of the Jurassic family Steleopteridae (Odonata: Zygoptera), from Surrey, England

10. New constraints on elemental and Pb and Nd isotope compositions of South American and Southern African aerosol sources to the South Atlantic Ocean

11. Petrology of a nonindigenous microgranitic clast in polymict ureilite EET 87720: Evidence for formation of evolved melt on an unknown parent body

12. Amber fossils demonstrate deep-time stability of Caribbean lizard communities

13. Advanced analytical techniques for studying the morphology and chemistry of Proterozoic microfossils

14. X-ray microtomography as a tool for investigating the petrological context of Precambrian cellular remains

15. Open data and digital morphology

16. Extreme adaptations for probable visual courtship behaviour in a Cretaceous dancing damselfly

17. Carbonaceous microstructures from sedimentary laminated chert within the 3.46 Ga Apex Basalt, Chinaman Creek locality, Pilbara, Western Australia

18. Debris-carrying camouflage among diverse lineages of Cretaceous insects

19. Plants, fungi and oomycetes: a 400-million year affair that shapes the biosphere

20. The earliest wood and its hydraulic properties documented in c. 407-million-year-old fossils using synchrotron microtomography

21. Rare earth elements in phoscorites and carbonatites of the Devonian Kola Alkaline Province, Russia: Examples from Kovdor, Khibina, Vuoriyarvi and Turiy Mys complexes

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