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3,151 results on '"Hamad Medical Corporation [Doha, Qatar]"'

1. Human AGR2 Deficiency Causes Mucus Barrier Dysfunction and Infantile Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Author: Al-Kaabi, Saad R., Al-Mohannadi, Muneera J., Al Ejji, Khalid M., Yakoob, Rafie A., Abunahia, Nevin S.M., Mir, Fayaz A., Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar, Uhlig, Holm H., Travis, Simon P.L., University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, Elawad, Mamoun, Akobeng, Anthony K., Ibrahim, Nazira A., Al-Mudahka, Fatma, Lo, Bernice, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar, Al-Shaibi, Ahmad A., Abdel-Motal, Ussama M., Hubrack, Satanay Z., Bullock, Alex N., Al-Marri, Amna A., Agrebi, Nourhen, Al-Subaiey, Abdulrahman A., and Charles, Adrian K.
Published: 2021
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2. Anti-Inflammatory Treatment Efficacy in Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review of Meta-Analyses

Author: Maria S Simon, Gara Arteaga-Henríquez, Ahmed Fouad Algendy, Timo Siepmann, Ben MW Illigens, Institut Català de la Salut, [Simon MS] Division of Health Care Sciences, Dresden International University, Dresden, Saxony, Germany. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Bavaria, Germany. [Arteaga-Henríquez G] Servei de Psiquiatria, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain. Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain. [Fouad Algendy A] Division of Health Care Sciences, Dresden International University, Dresden, Saxony, Germany. Clinical Pharmacy, Geriatric Department, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar. [Siepmann T] Division of Health Care Sciences, Dresden International University, Dresden, Saxony, Germany. Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Saxony, Germany. [Illigens BMW] Division of Health Care Sciences, Dresden International University, Dresden, Saxony, Germany. Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, and Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus
Subjects: acciones y usos químicos::acciones farmacológicas::usos terapéuticos::antiinflamatorios [COMPUESTOS QUÍMICOS Y DROGAS], Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Anti-Inflammatory Agents [CHEMICALS AND DRUGS], Mental Disorders::Mood Disorders::Depressive Disorder::Depressive Disorder, Major [PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHOLOGY], Otros calificadores::/uso terapéutico [Otros calificadores], Avaluació de resultats (Assistència sanitària), Antiinflamatoris - Ús terapèutic, Otros calificadores::Otros calificadores::/farmacoterapia [Otros calificadores], diagnóstico::pronóstico::resultado del tratamiento [TÉCNICAS Y EQUIPOS ANALÍTICOS, DIAGNÓSTICOS Y TERAPÉUTICOS], Depressió psíquica - Tractament, Other subheadings::/therapeutic use [Other subheadings], trastornos mentales::trastornos del humor::trastorno depresivo::trastorno depresivo mayor [PSIQUIATRÍA Y PSICOLOGÍA], Other subheadings::Other subheadings::/drug therapy [Other subheadings], Diagnosis::Prognosis::Treatment Outcome [ANALYTICAL, DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES, AND EQUIPMENT]
Abstract: Anti-inflammatory therapy; Inflammation; Major depressive disorder Terapia antiinflamatoria; Inflamación; Trastorno depresivo mayor Teràpia antiinflamatòria; Inflamació; Trastorn depressiu major Purpose: Immune imbalances in major depressive disorder (MDD) have been targeted by anti-inflammatory treatment approaches in clinical trials to increase responsiveness to therapy. However, even after several meta-analyses, no translation of evidence into clinical practice has taken place. We performed a systematic review to evaluate meta-analytic evidence of randomized controlled trials on the use of anti-inflammatory agents for MDD to summarize efficacy estimates and elucidate shortcomings. Methods: Pooled effect estimates and heterogeneity indices were primary outcomes. Characteristics of the included meta-analyses were extracted. Scientific quality of meta-analyses was assessed using the Revised Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (R-AMSTAR). Results: N=20 meta-analyses met the eligibility criteria. Study characteristics like outcome scales, composition of patient populations, and add-on or monotherapy regimen varied very little for celecoxib studies, varied little for minocycline studies, and were rather variable for omega 3 fatty acids studies. R-AMSTAR scores ranged from 26 to 39 out of 44 points indicating variable quality, where a comprehensive literature search was the strongest and the consideration of scientific quality in the conclusions was the weakest domain across all meta-analyses. For minocycline and celecoxib, superiority was demonstrated with medium to large effect size with substantial heterogeneity and with large to very large effect size with negligible heterogeneity, respectively. For omega 3 fatty acids, superiority was also demonstrated with mainly small and medium effect sizes with substantial heterogeneity. However, for minocycline and omega 3 fatty acids, non-significant meta-analyses were found also. Conclusion: Even in our synthesized approach, no clear recommendations could be derived on the use of anti-inflammatory treatment for MDD due to several critical aspects like heterogeneity, diversity of patient populations, treatment regimen, and outcomes, and limited scientific quality. However, we observed clear inter-substance differences with meta-analytic evidence being strongest for celecoxib and weakest for omega 3 fatty acids.
Published: 2023

3. Empagliflozin inhibits angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts through inhibition of NHE1 expression

Author: Nabeel Abdulrahman, Meram Ibrahim, Jensa Mariam Joseph, Hanan Mahmoud Elkoubatry, Al-Anood Al-Shamasi, Menatallah Rayan, Alain Pierre Gadeau, Rashid Ahmed, Hussein Eldassouki, Anwarul Hasan, Fatima Mraiche, Qatar University, Hamad Medical Corporation [Doha, Qatar], Biologie des maladies cardiovasculaires = Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Open Access funding provided by the Qatar National Library. This publication was supported by Qatar University Student Grant No. QUST-2-CPH-2019-9. 'The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.', and INSERM, U1034
Subjects: Angiotensin II, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Clinical Biochemistry, Empagliflozin, Cardiomegaly, Cell Biology, General Medicine, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Glucosides, Biochemistry and cell biology, Humans, Medical biochemistry and metabolomics, H9c2 cardiomyoblasts, Myocytes, Cardiac, NHE1, Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, Benzhydryl Compounds, Molecular Biology, SGLT-1/2
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM)-induced cardiac morbidities have been the leading cause of death among diabetic patients. Recently, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors including empagliflozin (EMPA), which have been approved for the treatment of DM, have gained attention for their cardioprotective effect. The mechanism by which SGLT-2 inhibitors exert their cardioprotective effect remains unclear. Recent studies have suggested that EMPA exerts its cardioprotective effect by inhibiting the Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE), a group of membrane proteins that regulate intracellular pH and cell volume. Increased activity and expression of NHE isoform 1 (NHE1), the predominant isoform expressed in the heart, leads to cardiac hypertrophy. p90 ribosomal s6 kinase (p90 RSK) has been demonstrated to stimulate NHE1 activity. In our study, H9c2 cardiomyoblasts were treated with angiotensin II (ANG) to activate NHE1 and generate a hypertrophic model. We aimed to understand whether EMPA reverses the ANG-induced hypertrophic response and to elucidate the molecular pathway contributing to the cardioprotective effect of EMPA. Our study demonstrated that ANG-induced hypertrophy of H9c2 cardiomyoblasts is accompanied with increased SGLT-1 and NHE1 protein expression, an effect which is prevented in the presence of EMPA. EMPA reduces ANG-induced hypertrophy through the inhibition of SGLT-1 and NHE1 expression.Other Information Published in: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11010-022-04411-6
Published: 2022

4. Evaluating the effects of sodium glucose co-transporter -2 inhibitors from a renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system perspective in patients infected with COVID-19: contextualizing findings from the dapagliflozin in respiratory failure in patients with COVID-19 study

Author: Moustafa, Diala Alhaj, Imran, Zainab, Ismail, Roua, Rayan, Menatallah, Gadeau, Alain-Pierre, Eldassouki, Hussein, Abdulrahman, Nabeel, Mraiche, Fatima, Qatar University, Biologie des maladies cardiovasculaires = Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Hamad Medical Corporation [Doha, Qatar], Admin, Oskar, INSERM, U1034, and This project was supported by Qatar University Student Grant No: QUST-2-CPH-2020-16. 'The funders had no role in study design, data collection, and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.'
Subjects: Heart Diseases, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], SGLT-2, Renin-Angiotensin System, Mini Review Article, Double-Blind Method, Glucosides, Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2, Genetics, Humans, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Benzhydryl Compounds, Renin angiotensin aldosterone system, Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors, Molecular Biology, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, SARS-CoV-2, Drug Repositioning, COVID-19, General Medicine, Dapagliflozin, Mitochondria, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Oxidative Stress, Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic, DARE-19, Receptors, Virus, Kidney Diseases, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2, Respiratory Insufficiency, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, ACE-2
Abstract: International audience; Numerous studies demonstrate parallels between CVD, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and COVID-19 pathology, which accentuate pre-existing complications in patients infected with COVID-19 and potentially exacerbate the infection course. Antidiabetic drugs such as sodium-glucose transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors have garnered substantial attention recently due to their efficacy in reducing the severity of cardiorenal disease. The effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors in patients with COVID-19 remains unclear particularly since SGLT-2 inhibitors contribute to altering the RAAS cascade activity, which includes ACE-2, the major cell entry receptor for SARS-CoV2. A study, DARE-19, was carried out to unveil the effects of SGLT-2 inhibitor treatment on comorbid disease complications and concomitant COVID-19 outcomes and demonstrated no statistical significance. However, the need for further studies is essential to provide conclusive clinical findings.
Published: 2022

5. Osteoarticular Mycoses

Author: Maria N. Gamaletsou, Blandine Rammaert, Barry Brause, Marimelle A. Bueno, Sanjeet S. Dadwal, Michael W. Henry, Aspasia Katragkou, Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis, Matthew W. McCarthy, Andy O. Miller, Brad Moriyama, Zoi Dorothea Pana, Ruta Petraitiene, Vidmantas Petraitis, Emmanuel Roilides, Jean-Pierre Sarkis, Maria Simitsopoulou, Nikolaos V. Sipsas, Saad J. Taj-Aldeen, Valérie Zeller, Olivier Lortholary, Thomas J. Walsh, Laiko General Hospital, University of Athens School of Medicine, Pharmacologie des anti-infectieux et antibiorésistance (PHAR2), Université de Poitiers-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Université de Poitiers - Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Poitiers, Hospital for Special Surgery, Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), City of Hope National Medical Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University School of Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center [Houston], Weill Medical College of Cornell University [New York], New York Presbyterian Hospital, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hamad Medical Corporation [Doha, Qatar], Groupe Hospitalier Diaconesses Croix Saint-Simon, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Génomique évolutive, modélisation et santé (GEMS), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and Center for Innovative Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Richmond, Virginia
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), cryptococcosis, phaeohyphomycosis, General Immunology and Microbiology, histoplasmosis, Epidemiology, coccidioidomycosis, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, osteomyelitis, candidiasis, mucormycosis, antifungal therapy, Infectious Diseases, aspergillosis, mycoses, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology
Abstract: Osteoarticular mycoses are chronic debilitating infections that require extended courses of antifungal therapy and may warrant expert surgical intervention. As there has been no comprehensive review of these diseases, the International Consortium for Osteoarticular Mycoses prepared a definitive treatise for this important class of infections. Among the etiologies of osteoarticular mycoses are Candida spp., Aspergillus spp., Mucorales, dematiaceous fungi, non-Aspergillus hyaline molds, and endemic mycoses, including those caused by Histoplasma capsulatum, Blastomyces dermatitidis, and Coccidioides species. This review analyzes the history, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, inflammatory biomarkers, diagnostic imaging modalities, treatments, and outcomes of osteomyelitis and septic arthritis caused by these organisms. Candida osteomyelitis and Candida arthritis are associated with greater events of hematogenous dissemination than those of most other osteoarticular mycoses. Traumatic inoculation is more commonly associated with osteoarticular mycoses caused by Aspergillus and non-Aspergillus molds. Synovial fluid cultures are highly sensitive in the detection of Candida and Aspergillus arthritis. Relapsed infection, particularly in Candida arthritis, may develop in relation to an inadequate duration of therapy. Overall mortality reflects survival from disseminated infection and underlying host factors.
Published: 2022

6. WAO-ARIA consensus on chronic cough – Part III

Author: Philip W. Rouadi, Samar A. Idriss, Jean Bousquet, Tanya M. Laidlaw, Cecilio R. Azar, Mona S. Al-Ahmad, Anahi Yañez, Maryam Ali Y. Al-Nesf, Talal M. Nsouli, Sami L. Bahna, Eliane Abou-Jaoude, Fares H. Zaitoun, Usamah M. Hadi, Peter W. Hellings, Glenis K. Scadding, Peter K. Smith, Mario Morais-Almeida, René Maximiliano Gómez, Sandra N. Gonzalez Diaz, Ludger Klimek, Georges S. Juvelekian, Moussa A. Riachy, Giorgio Walter Canonica, David Peden, Gary W.K. Wong, James Sublett, Jonathan A. Bernstein, Lianglu Wang, Luciana K. Tanno, Manana Chikhladze, Michael Levin, Yoon-Seok Chang, Bryan L. Martin, Luis Caraballo, Adnan Custovic, Jose Antonio Ortego-Martell, Olivia J.Ly Lesslar, Erika Jensen-Jarolim, Motohiro Ebisawa, Alessandro Fiocchi, Ignacio J. Ansotegui, Beirut Eye & ENT Specialist Hospital (BESH), Eye & Ear Hospital [Beirut], Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Contre les MAladies Chroniques pour un VIeillissement Actif en Languedoc-Roussillon (MACVIA-LR), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing Reference Site (EIP on AHA), Commission Européenne-Commission Européenne-Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Brigham and Women’s Hospital [Boston, MA], Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center (AUB), Middle East Institute of Health, Clemenceau Medical Center (CMC), Kuwait University, Investigaciones en Alergia y Enfermedades Respiratorias (InAER), Hamad Medical Corporation [Doha, Qatar], International Cough Institute (ICI), Louisiana State University (LSU), LAU Medical Center-Rizk Hospital, University Hospitals Leuven [Leuven], Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation [Leuven], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Ghent University Hospital, Academic Medical Center - Academisch Medisch Centrum [Amsterdam] (AMC), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), The Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, Griffith University [Brisbane], Hospital CUF Descobertas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud [Salta], Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSA), Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon [Mexique] (UANL), Center for Rhinology and Allergology Wiesbaden, University Hospital Mannheim, Saint George Hospital University Medical Center [UOB LIBAN], University of Balamand [Liban] (UOB), Hôtel-Dieu de France (HDF), Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth (USJ), Humanitas Clinical and Research Center [Rozzano, Milan, Italy], UNC School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong], University of Louisville School of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital [Beijing] (PUMCH), Institut Desbrest de santé publique (IDESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), World Health Organisation (WHO), Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Akaki Tsereteli State University, University of Cape Town, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (SNUBH), The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center., University of Cartagena, National Heart and Lung Institute [London] (NHLI), Imperial College London-Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo (UAEH), LifeSpan medicine, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna, University of Vienna [Vienna]-University of Vienna [Vienna]-Medical University Vienna, University of Vienna [Vienna]-University of Vienna [Vienna], Sagamihara National Hospital [Kanagawa, Japan], Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital [Rome, Italy], Hospital Quirónsalud Bizkaia [Bilbao], and Salvy-Córdoba, Nathalie
Subjects: EXHALED NITRIC-OXIDE, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Cough specialty care, Chronic cough management, Allergy, AIRWAY INFLAMMATION, Upper airway cough syndrome, Immunology, MUCOSAL EOSINOPHILIC INFLAMMATION, GASTROESOPHAGEAL-REFLUX DISEASE, INHALED CORTICOSTEROIDS, Lower airway disease, Speech therapy, QUALITY-OF-LIFE, CHEST GUIDELINE, Immunology and Allergy, [SDV.IMM.ALL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, Neuromodulators, VARIANT ASTHMA, Cough primary care, Science & Technology, CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINE, Reflux cough, REFRACTORY CHRONIC COUGH, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, [SDV.IMM.ALL] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Chronic cough management necessitates a clear integrated care pathway approach. Primary care physicians initially encounter the majority of chronic cough patients, yet their role in proper management can prove challenging due to limited access to advanced diagnostic testing. A multidisciplinary approach involving otolaryngologists and chest physicians, allergists, and gastroenterologists, among others, is central to the optimal diagnosis and treatment of conditions which underly or worsen cough. These include infectious and inflammatory, upper and lower airway pathologies, or gastro-esophageal reflux. Despite the wide armamentarium of ancillary testing conducted in cough multidisciplinary care, such management can improve cough but seldom resolves it completely. This can be due partly to the limited data on the role of tests (eg, spirometry, exhaled nitric oxide), as well as classical pharmacotherapy conducted in multidisciplinary specialties for chronic cough. Other important factors include presence of multiple concomitant cough trigger mechanisms and the central neuronal complexity of chronic cough. Subsequent management conducted by cough specialists aims at control of cough refractory to prior interventions and includes cough-specific behavioral counseling and pharmacotherapy with neuromodulators, among others. Preliminary data on the role of neuromodulators in a proof-of-concept manner are encouraging but lack strong evidence on efficacy and safety. OBJECTIVES: The World Allergy Organization (WAO)/Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) Joint Committee on Chronic Cough reviewed the recent literature on management of chronic cough in primary, multidisciplinary, and cough-specialty care. Knowledge gaps in diagnostic testing, classical and neuromodulator pharmacotherapy, in addition to behavioral therapy of chronic cough were also analyzed. OUTCOMES: This third part of the WAO/ARIA consensus on chronic cough suggests a management algorithm of chronic cough in an integrated care pathway approach. Insights into the inherent limitations of multidisciplinary cough diagnostic testing, efficacy and safety of currently available antitussive pharmacotherapy, or the recently recognized behavioral therapy, can significantly improve the standards of care in patients with chronic cough. ispartof: WORLD ALLERGY ORGANIZATION JOURNAL vol:15 issue:5 ispartof: location:United States status: published
Published: 2022

7. The Sixth Edition of the WHO Manual for Human Semen Analysis: A Critical Review and SWOT Analysis

Author: Florence Boitrelle, Rupin Shah, Ramadan Saleh, Ralf Henkel, Hussein Kandil, Eric Chung, Paraskevi Vogiatzi, Armand Zini, Mohamed Arafa, Ashok Agarwal, CHI Poissy-Saint-Germain, Biologie de la Reproduction, Environnement, Epigénétique & Développement (BREED), École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Sohag University, Imperial College London, University of the Western Cape, Cleveland Clinic, Fakih IVF Fertility Center, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Cairo University, and Hamad Medical Corporation [Doha, Qatar]
Subjects: 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030232 urology & nephrology, Paleontology, WHO laboratory manual 6th Edition, semen, Review, SWOT, sperm, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Space and Planetary Science, oxidative stress, sperm DNA fragmentation, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: International audience; Semen analysis is the cornerstone of male fertility evaluation with WHO guidelines providing the basis for procedural standardization and reference values worldwide. The first WHO manual was published in 1980, and five editions have been subsequently released over the last four decades. The 6th Edition was published in July 2021. In this review, we identify the key changes of this 6th Edition. Additionally, we evaluate the utility of this 6th Edition in clinical practice using SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis. This new Edition has made the analysis of basic semen parameters more robust, taking into account the criticisms and grey areas of the previous editions. The tests assessing sperm DNA fragmentation and seminal oxidative stress are well-described. The main novelty is that this latest edition abandons the notion of reference thresholds, suggesting instead to replace them with “decision limits”. While this seems attractive, no decision limits are proposed for either basic semen parameters, or for extended or advanced parameters. This critical review of the 6th Edition of the WHO laboratory manual combined with a SWOT analysis summarizes the changes and novelties present in this new Edition and provides an in-depth analysis that could help its global use in the coming years.
Published: 2021

8. WAO-ARIA consensus on chronic cough – Part 1

Author: Philip W. Rouadi, Samar A. Idriss, Jean Bousquet, Tanya M. Laidlaw, Cecilio R. Azar, Mona Sulaiman AL-Ahmad, Anahí Yáñez, Maryam Ali Y. AL-Nesf, Talal M. Nsouli, Sami L. Bahna, Eliane Abou-Jaoude, Fares H. Zaitoun, Usamah M. Hadi, Peter W. Hellings, Glenis K. Scadding, Peter K. Smith, Mario Morais-Almeida, R. Maximiliano Gómez, Sandra N. González Díaz, Ludger Klimek, Georges S. Juvelekian, Moussa A. Riachy, Giorgio Walter Canonica, David Peden, Gary W.K. Wong, James Sublett, Jonathan A. Bernstein, Lianglu Wang, Luciana Kase Tanno, Manana Chikhladze, Michael Levin, Yoon-Seok Chang, Bryan L. Martin, Luis Caraballo, Adnan Custovic, José Antonio Ortega-Martell, Erika Jensen-Jarolim, Motohiro Ebisawa, Alessandro Fiocchi, Ignacio J. Ansotegui, Salvy-Córdoba, Nathalie, Beirut Eye & ENT Specialist Hospital (BESH), Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Contre les MAladies Chroniques pour un VIeillissement Actif en Languedoc-Roussillon (MACVIA-LR), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing Reference Site (EIP on AHA), Commission Européenne-Commission Européenne-Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Université de Montpellier (UM), Brigham and Women’s Hospital [Boston, MA], Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center (AUB), Middle East Institute of Health, Clemenceau Medical Center (CMC), Kuwait University, Investigaciones en Alergia y Enfermedades Respiratorias (InAER), Hamad Medical Corporation [Doha, Qatar], International Cough Institute (ICI), Louisiana State University (LSU), LAU Medical Center-Rizk Hospital, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology [Leuven, Belgium], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), University Hospitals Leuven [Leuven], Ghent University Hospital, Academic Medical Center - Academisch Medisch Centrum [Amsterdam] (AMC), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), The Royal National TNE Hospital, University College of London [London] (UCL), Griffith University [Brisbane], Hospital CUF Descobertas, Catholic University of Salta, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon [Mexique] (UANL), Center for Rhinology and Allergology Wiesbaden, University Hospital Mannheim, Saint George Hospital University Medical Center [UOB LIBAN], University of Balamand [Liban] (UOB), Hôtel-Dieu de France (HDF), Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth (USJ), Istituto Clinico Humanitas [Milan] (IRCCS Milan), Humanitas University [Milan] (Hunimed), University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), The Chinese University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong], University of Louisville School of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital [Beijing] (PUMCH), Institut Desbrest de santé publique (IDESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Akaki Tsereteli State University, University of Cape Town, Seoul National University Hospital, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center., University of Cartagena, Imperial College London, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo (UAEH), Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna, University of Vienna [Vienna]-University of Vienna [Vienna]-Medical University Vienna, University of Vienna [Vienna]-University of Vienna [Vienna], Sagamihara National Hospital [Kanagawa, Japan], Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital [Rome, Italy], and Hospital Quirónsalud Bizkaia [Bilbao]
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Allergy, [SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Immunology, INDUCED ENHANCEMENT, ION-CHANNEL, Pathogenesis, [SDV.MHEP.PSR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, Article, PAIN HYPERSENSITIVITY, HYPERSENSITIVITY SYNDROME, CENTRAL SENSITIZATION, Chronic cough, TRP channel, Immunology and Allergy, Science & Technology, THERAPEUTIC TARGET, Chemoreceptors, RECEPTOR SUBTYPES, [SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, RC581-607, GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE, [SDV.MHEP.HEG] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, respiratory tract diseases, P2X3, DISTINCT POPULATIONS, [SDV.MHEP.PSR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, CENTRAL MECHANISMS, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Mechanoreceptors
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Cough features a complex peripheral and central neuronal network. The function of the chemosensitive and stretch (afferent) cough receptors is well described but partly understood. It is speculated that chronic cough reflects a neurogenic inflammation of the cough reflex, which becomes hypersensitive. This is mediated by neuromediators, cytokines, inflammatory cells, and a differential expression of neuronal (chemo/stretch) receptors, such as transient receptor potential (TRP) and purinergic P2X ion channels; yet the overall interaction of these mediators in neurogenic inflammation of cough pathways remains unclear. OBJECTIVES: The World Allergy Organization/Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (WAO/ARIA) Joint Committee on Chronic Cough reviewed the current literature on neuroanatomy and pathophysiology of chronic cough. The role of TRP ion channels in pathogenic mechanisms of the hypersensitive cough reflex was also examined. OUTCOMES: Chemoreceptors are better studied in cough neuronal pathways compared to stretch receptors, likely due to their anatomical overabundance in the respiratory tract, but also their distinctive functional properties. Central pathways are important in suppressive mechanisms and behavioral/affective aspects of chronic cough. Current evidence strongly suggests neurogenic inflammation induces a hypersensitive cough reflex marked by increased expression of neuromediators, mast cells, and eosinophils, among others. TRP ion channels, mainly TRP V1/A1, are important in the pathogenesis of chronic cough due to their role in mediating chemosensitivity to various endogenous and exogenous triggers, as well as a crosstalk between neurogenic and inflammatory pathways in cough-associated airways diseases. ispartof: WORLD ALLERGY ORGANIZATION JOURNAL vol:14 issue:12 ispartof: location:United States status: published
Published: 2021

9. COVID-19 vaccination acceptance among Syrian population: a nationwide cross-sectional study

Author: Shibani, Mosa, Alzabibi, Mhd Amin, Mouhandes, Abd El-Fattah, Alsuliman, Tamim, Mouki, Angie, Ismail, Hlma, Alhayk, Shahd, Rmman, Ahmad Abdulateef, Mansour, Marah, Marrawi, Marah, Alhalabi, Nawras, Habib, Mhd Baraa, Albuni, Mhd Kutaiba, Al-Moujahed, Ahmad, Sawaf, Bisher, Zahrawi, Hanaa Wael, Bakdounes, Anan Mhd tawfik, Alhouri, Ahmad Nabil, Abdulal, Nour Zuhir, Hawari, Rama Adnan, Safiah, Mhd Homam, Alazrak, Sara Omar, Husein, Rama Ahmad Alsayed, Alshaghel, Mohammed Moutaz, Mayo, Wafik, Aladna, Abdallah, Mwaffak, Abdulkader Hajjar, Maarrawi, Shahd, Khalil, Marah, Almahairi, Lana, Mokresh, Yaman, Younes, Mouhammad Saleh, Alzabibi, Mhd, Rmman, Ahmad, Habib, Mhd, Albuni, Mhd, Zahrawi, Hanaa, Bakdounes, Anan, Alhouri, Ahmad, Abdulal, Nour, Hawari, Rama, Safiah, Mhd, Alazrak, Sara, Husein, Rama, Alshaghel, Mohammed, Mwaffak, Abdulkader, Younes, Mouhammad, Syrian Private University, University of Aleppo [Aleppo], Service d'hématologie clinique et de thérapie cellulaire [CHU Saint-Antoine], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Maykop State Technological University, Tartous University, Hamad Medical Corporation [Doha, Qatar], and Stanford University
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, COVID-19 Vaccines, Adolescent, Cross-sectional study, Population, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Misinformation, education, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Syria, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Research, Public health, Vaccination, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, COVID-19, 3. Good health, Acceptance, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Residence, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Biostatistics, business, Vaccine, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Demography
Abstract: Background Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 continues to spread globally and in the absence of an effective treatment, the vaccine remains the best hope for controlling this disease. In this study, we seek to find out the extent to which people in Syria accept the Corona vaccine and what are the factors that affect their decision. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in Syria during the period from January 3 to March 17, 2021. A structured self-administered questionnaire was distributed in two phases: The first phase included distributing the questionnaire as a Google Form on social media platforms. In the second phase, a paper version of the questionnaire was handed to patients, their companions, and workers in public hospitals. SPSS v.25 and R v.4.1.1 were used to analyze the data. Pearson Chi-square test and Logistic Regression were used to study the associations between categorical groups. Results Of 7531 respondents, 3505 (46.5%) were males and 4026 (53.5%) were females. 3124 (41.5%) were 18–24 years old. Healthcare workers were participants’ main sources of information (50.9%), followed by Social Media users (46.3%). 2790 (37%) of the participant are willing to be vaccinated, and 2334 (31%) were uncertain about it. Fear of possible side effects was the main reason for the reluctance to take the vaccine 1615 (62.4%), followed by mistrust of the vaccine formula 1522 (58.8%). 2218 (29.5%) participants think COVID-19 poses a major risk to them personally. Vaccination intention was significantly associated with gender, residence, financial status, educational level, and geographic origin. Conclusion This study showed very negatively important results. The study participants Vaccination acceptance rate is almost the lowest when compared to its peers. A Lot of efforts should be made to correct misinformation about the vaccine and answer all questions about it, especially with a health system that has been ravaged by war for 10 years.
Published: 2021

10. Allergic manifestations of inborn errors of immunity and their impact on the diagnosis: A worldwide study

Author: Zeinab A. El-Sayed, Dalia H. El-Ghoneimy, José A. Ortega-Martell, Nesrine Radwan, Juan C. Aldave, Waleed Al-Herz, Maryam A. Al-Nesf, Antonio Condino-Neto, Theresa Cole, Brian Eley, Nahla H.H. Erwa, Sara Espinosa-Padilla, Emilia Faria, Nelson A. Rosario Filho, Ramsay Fuleihan, Nermeen Galal, Elizabeth Garabedian, Mary Hintermeyer, Kohsuke Imai, Carla Irani, Ebtihal Kamal, Nadia Kechout, Adam Klocperk, Michael Levin, Tomas Milota, Monia Ouederni, Roberto Paganelli, Claudio Pignata, Farah N. Qamar, Isabella Quinti, Sonia Qureshi, Nita Radhakrishnan, Nima Rezaei, John Routes, Surjit Singh, Sangeetha Siniah, Intisar Abdel-Hakam Taha, Luciana K. Tanno, Ben Van Dort, Alla Volokha, Kathleen Sullivan, Ain Shams University (ASU), Clinica de Alergía Pediatríca S.C. Dr José G Huerta López, Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Al-Sabah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation [Doha, Qatar], Institute of Biomedical Sciences - Department of Immunology [Sao Paulo], Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Royal Alexandra Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town Medical school, University of Khartoum, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria (INP), Coimbra Hospital and Universitary Centre [Coimbra, Portugal] (CHUC), Federal University of Technology - Paraná (UTFPR), Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC), Columbia University [New York], Cairo University - Faculty of Medicine, National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Tokyo Medical and Dental University [Japan] (TMDU), Hotel-Dieu de France Hospital, Institut Pasteur d'Algérie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), University Hospital Motol [Prague], Charles University [Prague] (CU), Bone Marrow Transplantation Center Tunis, Università degli studi 'G. d'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara [Chieti-Pescara] (Ud'A), Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Department of Post Medical Education, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, University of Rome la Sapienza, Departement of internal medicine and laboratory of gene expression, Post Graduate Institute of Child Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research [Chandigarh, India] (PGIMER), Hospital Tunku Azizah (HTA), Jafar Ibn Auf Pediatric Hospital (GICH), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Institut Desbrest de santé publique (IDESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), World Health Organisation (WHO), Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education [Kiev] (SNMAPE), Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP ), and Salvy-Córdoba, Nathalie
Subjects: IVIG, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Primary immunodeficiency, Immunology, IMUNODEFICIÊNCIA DE VARIÁVEL COMUM, Immunology and Allergy, Omalizumab, [SDV.IMM.ALL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, Anaphylaxis, Asthma, Allergic rhinitis, [SDV.IMM.ALL] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, Atopic dermatitis
Abstract: Allergies have long been observed in Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI) and might even be the first presentation resulting in delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis in some cases. However, data on the prevalence of allergic diseases among IEI patients are limited and contradictory.To provide a worldwide view of allergic diseases, across a broad spectrum of IEI, and their impact on the timely diagnosis of IEI.This is a worldwide study, conceived by the World Allergy Organization (WAO) Inborn Errors of Immunity Committee. A questionnaire was developed and pilot-tested and was sent via email to collect data from 61 immunology centers known to treat pediatric and/or adult IEI patients in 41 countries. In addition, a query was submitted to The United States Immunodeficiency Network (USIDNET) at its website.Thirty centers in 23 countries caring for a total 8450 IEI patients responded. The USIDNET dataset included 2332 patients. Data from responders showed that a median (IQR) of 16.3% (10-28.8%) of patients experienced allergic diseases during the course of their IEI as follows: 3.6% (1.3-11.3%) had bronchial asthma, 3.6% (1.9-9.1%) atopic dermatitis, 3.0% (1.0-7.8%) allergic rhinitis, and 1.3% (0.5-3.3%) food allergy. As per the USIDNET data, the frequency of allergy among IEI patients was 68.8% (bronchial asthma in 46.9%). The percentage of IEI patients who presented initially with allergic disorders was 8% (5-25%) and diagnosis delay was reported in 7.5% (0.9-20.6%). Predominantly antibody deficiencies had the highest frequency of allergic disease followed by combined immunodeficiency with a frequency of 40.3% (19.2-62.5%) and 20.0% (10-32%) respectively. As per the data of centers, anaphylaxis occurred in 25/8450 patients (0.3%) whereas per USIDNET dataset, it occurred in 249/2332 (10.6%); drugs and food allergy were the main causes in both datasets.This multinational study brings to focus the relation between allergic diseases and IEI. Major allergies do occur in IEI patients but were less frequent than the general population. Initial presentation with allergy could adversely affect the timely diagnosis of IEI. There is a need for policies to raise awareness and educate primary care and other referring specialties on the association of allergic diseases with IEI. This study provides a network among centers for future prospective studies in the field.
Published: 2022

11. Sperm Vitality and Necrozoospermia: Diagnosis, Management, and Results of a Global Survey of Clinical Practice

Author: Yoshiharu Morimoto, Kasonde Bowa, Israel Maldonado Rosas, Marjan Sabbaghian, Ralf Henkel, Juan Manuel Corral Molina, Chak-Lam Cho, Kristian Leisegang, Hisanori Taniguchi, Mohamed Ali Sadighi Gilani, Germar-Michael Pinggera, Sunil Jindal, Christopher Chee Kong Ho, Gianmaria Salvio, Marlon Martinez, Juan Carlos Alvarez, Taha A. Abdel-Meguid, Jean de la Rosette, Taymour Mostafa, Mohamed S. Al-Marhoon, Sava Micic, Ashok Agarwal, Jonathan Ramsay, Samantha B. Schon, Ala'a Farkouh, Kareim Khalafalla, Gian Maria Busetto, Nicholas N. Tadros, Sajal Gupta, Edoardo Pescatori, Gökhan Çeker, Renata Finelli, Ayad Palani, Damayanthi Durairajanayagam, Marcelo Gabriel Rodriguez, Florence Boitrelle, Rupin Shah, Eric Chung, Mohamed Arafa, Ramadan A Saleh, Christina Anagnostopoulou, Shinnosuke Kuroda, Parviz Kavoussi, Shinichiro Fukuhara, Armand Zini, Giovanni M. Colpi, Paraskevi Vogiatzi, Neel Parekh, Hussein Kandil, Tan V. Le, Raghavender Kosgi, Ponco Birowo, Rossella Cannarella, Giancarlo Balercia, Mara Simopoulou, Sijo Parekattil, Ettore Caroppo, Aldo E. Calogero, Mesut Berkan Duran, Osvaldo Rajmil, Amarnath Rambhatla, Haitham Elbardisi, Hyun Jun Park, Saleem Ali Banihani, Fotios Dimitriadis, Edmund Y. Ko, Rakesh Sharma, Cleveland Clinic, CHI Poissy-Saint-Germain, Biologie de la Reproduction, Environnement, Epigénétique & Développement (BREED), École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Hamad Medical Corporation [Doha, Qatar], Weill Cornell Medicine [Qatar], The Chinese University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong], Henry Ford Health System, Imperial College London, University of the Western Cape, The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), Loma Linda University, Fakih IVF Fertility Center, University of Garmian, Università Politecnica delle Marche [Ancona] (UNIVPM), Cairo University - Faculty of Medicine, Fundació Puigvert [Barcelona, Spain], Jordan University of Science and Technology [Irbid, Jordan], University of Michigan Medical School [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Pham Ngoc Thach Medical University [Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam] (PNTUM), Faculty of Medicine [Jakarta, Indonesia], Universitas Indonesia [Jakarta, Indonesia], Taylor's University Malaysia, University of Catania [Italy], Hamad medical corporation, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], University of Queensland [Brisbane], Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Innsbruck Medical University [Austria] (IMU), Università degli Studi di Foggia - University of Foggia, Kansai Medical University, Pusan National University, Hammersmith Hospital NHS Imperial College Healthcare, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine [Tehran, Iran], UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS MANILA PHL, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Sultan Qaboos University (SQU), Università degli studi di Catania [Catania], Osaka University [Osaka], University of Central Florida [Orlando] (UCF), Minia University, King Abdulaziz University, and Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre
Subjects: Aging, Vitality, 0302 clinical medicine, Pharmacology (medical), TESTICULAR SPERMATOZOA, Andrology, Sperm motility, 0303 health sciences, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Spermatozoon, Health Policy, Urology & Nephrology, Spermatozoa, 3. Good health, Psychiatry and Mental health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Asthenozoospermia, EosineYellowish-(YS), Eosine Yellowish-(YS), Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Infertility, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system, Urology, Semen, ICSI, PARAMETERS, 03 medical and health sciences, Endocrinology & Metabolism, medicine, Intensive care medicine, 030304 developmental biology, Nigrosin, Science & Technology, SEMINAL PLASMA, business.industry, urogenital system, MALE-INFERTILITY, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, [SDV.BDLR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology, medicine.disease, Sperm, VIABILITY, IMMOTILE, Health Care Sciences & Services, Reproductive Medicine, DNA-DAMAGE, SEMEN QUALITY, Etiology, business, HYPOOSMOTIC SWELLING TEST
Abstract: International audience; Sperm vitality testing is a basic semen examination that has been described in the World Health Organization (WHO) Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen from its primary edition, 40 years ago. Several methods can be used to test sperm vitality, such as the eosin-nigrosin (E-N) stain or the hypoosmotic swelling (HOS) test. In the 6th (2021) edition of the WHO Laboratory Manual, sperm vitality assessment is mainly recommended if the total motility is less than 40%. Hence, a motile spermatozoon is considered alive, however, in certain conditions an immotile spermatozoon can also be alive. Therefore, the differentiation between asthenozoospermia (pathological decrease in sperm motility) and necrozoospermia (pathological decrease in sperm vitality) is important in directing further investigation and management of infertile patients. The causes leading to necrozoospermia are diverse and can either be local or general, testicular or extra-testicular. The andrological management of necrozoospermia depends on its etiology. However, there is no standardized treatment available presently and practice varies among clinicians. In this study, we report the results of a global survey to understand current practices regarding the physician order of sperm vitality tests as well as the management practices for necrozoospermia. Laboratory and clinical scenarios are presented to guide the reader in the management of necrozoospermia with the overall objective of establishing a benchmark ranging from the diagnosis of necrozoospermia by sperm vitality testing to its clinical management.
Published: 2021

12. COVID-19 infection in adult patients with hematological malignancies:a European Hematology Association Survey (EPICOVIDEHA)

Author: Pagano, Livio, Salmanton-García, Jon, Marchesi, Francesco, Busca, Alessandro, Corradini, Paolo, Hoenigl, Martin, Klimko, Nikolai, Koehler, Philipp, Pagliuca, Antonio, Passamonti, Francesco, Verga, Luisa, Víšek, Benjamin, Ilhan, Osman, Nadali, Gianpaolo, Weinbergerová, Barbora, Córdoba-Mascuñano, Raúl, Marchetti, Monia, Collins, Graham P., Farina, Francesca, Cattaneo, Chiara, Cabirta, Alba, Gomes-Silva, Maria, Itri, Federico, van Doesum, Jaap, Ledoux, Marie-Pierre, Čerňan, Martin, Jakšić, Ozren, Duarte, Rafael F., Magliano, Gabriele, Omrani, Ali S., Fracchiolla, Nicola S., Kulasekararaj, Austin, Valković, Toni, Poulsen, Christian Bjørn, Machado, Marina, Glenthøj, Andreas, Stoma, Igor, Ráčil, Zdeněk, Piukovics, Klára, Navrátil, Milan, Emarah, Ziad, Sili, Uluhan, Maertens, Johan, Blennow, Ola, Bergantim, Rui, García-Vidal, Carolina, Prezioso, Lucia, Guidetti, Anna, del Principe, Maria Ilaria, Popova, Marina, de Jonge, Nick, Ormazabal-Vélez, Irati, Fernández, Noemí, Falces-Romero, Iker, Cuccaro, Annarosa, Meers, Stef, Buquicchio, Caterina, Antić, Darko, Al-Khabori, Murtadha, García-Sanz, Ramón, Biernat, Monika M., Tisi, Maria Chiara, Sal, Ertan, Rahimli, Laman, Čolović, Natasa, Schönlein, Martin, Calbacho, Maria, Tascini, Carlo, Miranda-Castillo, Carolina, Khanna, Nina, Méndez, Gustavo-Adolfo, Petzer, Verena, Novák, Jan, Besson, Caroline, Duléry, Rémy, Lamure, Sylvain, Nucci, Marcio, Zambrotta, Giovanni, Žák, Pavel, Seval, Guldane Cengiz, Bonuomo, Valentina, Mayer, Jiří, López-García, Alberto, Sacchi, Maria Vittoria, Booth, Stephen, Ciceri, Fabio, Oberti, Margherita, Salvini, Marco, Izuzquiza, Macarena, Nunes-Rodrigues, Raquel, Ammatuna, Emanuele, Obr, Aleš, Herbrecht, Raoul, Núñez-Martín-Buitrago, Lucía, Mancini, Valentina, Shwaylia, Hawraa, Sciumè, Mariarita, Essame, Jenna, Nygaard, Marietta, Batinić, Josip, Gonzaga, Yung, Regalado-Artamendi, Isabel, Karlsson, Linda Katharina, Shapetska, Maryia, Hanakova, Michaela, El-Ashwah, Shaimaa, Borbényi, Zita, Çolak, Gökçe Melis, Nordlander, Anna, Dragonetti, Giulia, Maraglino, Alessio Maria Edoardo, Rinaldi, Amelia, De Ramón-Sánchez, Cristina, Cornely, Oliver A., Finizio, Olimpia, Fazzi, Rita, Sapienza, Giuseppe, Chauchet, Adrien, Van Praet, Jens, Prattes, Juergen, Dargenio, Michelina, Rossi, Cédric, Shirinova, Ayten, Malak, Sandra, Tafuri, Agostino, Ommen, Hans-Beier, Bologna, Serge, Khedr, Reham Abdelaziz, Choquet, Sylvain, Joly, Bertrand, Ceesay, M. Mansour, Philippe, Laure, Kho, Chi Shan, Desole, Maximilian, Tsirigotis, Panagiotis, Otašević, Vladimir, Borducchi, Davimar M. M., Antoniadou, Anastasia, Gaziev, Javid, Almaslamani, Muna A., García-Poutón, Nicole, Paterno, Giovangiacinto, Torres-López, Andrea, Tarantini, Giuseppe, Mellinghoff, Sibylle, Gräfe, Stefanie, Börschel, Niklas, Passweg, Jakob, Merelli, Maria, Barać, Aleksandra, Wolf, Dominik, Shaikh, Mohammad Usman, Thiéblemont, Catherine, Bernard, Sophie, Funke, Vaneuza Araújo Moreira, Daguindau, Etienne, Khostelidi, Sofya, Nucci, Fabio Moore, Martín-González, Juan-Alberto, Landau, Marianne, Soussain, Carole, Laureana, Cécile, Lacombe, Karine, Kohn, Milena, Aliyeva, Gunay, Piedimonte, Monica, Fouquet, Guillemette, Rêgo, Mayara, Hoell-Neugebauer, Baerbel, Cartron, Guillaume, Pinto, Fernando, Alburquerque, Ana Munhoz, Passos, Juliana, Yilmaz, Asu Fergun, Redondo-Izal, Ana-Margarita, Altuntaş, Fevzi, Heath, Christopher, Kolditz, Martin, Schalk, Enrico, Guolo, Fabio, Karthaus, Meinolf, Della Pepa, Roberta, Vinh, Donald, Noël, Nicolas, Deau Fischer, Bénédicte, Drenou, Bernard, Mitra, Maria Enza, Meletiadis, Joseph, Bilgin, Yavuz M., Jindra, Pavel, Espigado, Ildefonso, Drgoňa, Ľuboš, Serris, Alexandra, Di Blasi, Roberta, Ali, Natasha, EPICOVIDEHA working group, [missing], Pagano, Livio, Salmanton-Garcia, Jon, Marchesi, Francesco, Busca, Alessandro, Corradini, Paolo, Hoenigl, Martin, Klimko, Nikolai, Koehler, Philipp, Pagliuca, Antonio, Passamonti, Francesco, Verga, Luisa, Visek, Benjamin, Ilhan, Osman, Nadali, Gianpaolo, Weinbergerova, Barbora, Cordoba-Mascunano, Raul, Marchetti, Monia, Collins, Graham P., Farina, Francesca, Cattaneo, Chiara, Cabirta, Alba, Gomes-Silva, Maria, Itri, Federico, van Doesum, Jaap, Ledoux, Marie-Pierre, Cernan, Martin, Jaksic, Ozren, Duarte, Rafael F., Magliano, Gabriele, Omrani, Ali S., Fracchiolla, Nicola S., Kulasekararaj, Austin, Valkovic, Toni, Poulsen, Christian Bjorn, Machado, Marina, Glenthoj, Andreas, Stoma, Igor, Racil, Zdenek, Piukovics, Klara, Navratil, Milan, Emarah, Ziad, Sili, Uluhan, Maertens, Johan, Blennow, Ola, Bergantim, Rui, Garcia-Vidal, Carolina, Prezioso, Lucia, Guidetti, Anna, del Principe, Maria Ilaria, Popova, Marina, de Jonge, Nick, Ormazabal-Velez, Irati, Fernandez, Noemi, Falces-Romero, Iker, Cuccaro, Annarosa, Meers, Stef, Buquicchio, Caterina, Antic, Darko, Al-Khabori, Murtadha, Garcia-Sanz, Ramon, Biernat, Monika M., Tisi, Maria Chiara, Sal, Ertan, Rahimli, Laman, Colovic, Natasa, Schonlein, Martin, Calbacho, Maria, Tascini, Carlo, Miranda-Castillo, Carolina, Khanna, Nina, Mendez, Gustavo-Adolfo, Petzer, Verena, Novak, Jan, Besson, Caroline, Dulery, Remy, Lamure, Sylvain, Nucci, Marcio, Zambrotta, Giovanni, Zak, Pavel, Seval, Guldane Cengiz, Bonuomo, Valentina, Mayer, Jiri, Lopez-Garcia, Alberto, Sacchi, Maria Vittoria, Booth, Stephen, Ciceri, Fabio, Oberti, Margherita, Salvini, Marco, Izuzquiza, Macarena, Nunes-Rodrigues, Raquel, Ammatuna, Emanuele, Obr, Ales, Herbrecht, Raoul, Nunez-Martin-Buitrago, Lucia, Mancini, Valentina, Shwaylia, Hawraa, Sciume, Mariarita, Essame, Jenna, Nygaard, Marietta, Batinic, Josip, Gonzaga, Yung, Regalado-Artamendi, Isabel, Karlsson, Linda Katharina, Shapetska, Maryia, Hanakova, Michaela, El-Ashwah, Shaimaa, Borbenyi, Zita, Colak, Gokce Melis, Nordlander, Anna, Dragonetti, Giulia, Maraglino, Alessio Maria Edoardo, Rinaldi, Amelia, De Ramon-Sanchez, Cristina, Cornely, Oliver A., Pagano, L., Salmanton-Garcia, J., Marchesi, F., Busca, A., Corradini, P., Hoenigl, M., Klimko, N., Koehler, P., Pagliuca, A., Passamonti, F., Verga, L., Visek, B., Ilhan, O., Nadali, G., Weinbergerova, B., Cordoba-Mascunano, R., Marchetti, M., Collins, G. P., Farina, F., Cattaneo, C., Cabirta, A., Gomes-Silva, M., Itri, F., van Doesum, J., Ledoux, M. -P., Cernan, M., Jaksic, O., Duarte, R. F., Magliano, G., Omrani, A. S., Fracchiolla, N. S., Kulasekararaj, A., Valkovic, T., Poulsen, C. B., Machado, M., Glenthoj, A., Stoma, I., Racil, Z., Piukovics, K., Navratil, M., Emarah, Z., Sili, U., Maertens, J., Blennow, O., Bergantim, R., Garcia-Vidal, C., Prezioso, L., Guidetti, A., del Principe, M. I., Popova, M., de Jonge, N., Ormazabal-Velez, I., Fernandez, N., Falces-Romero, I., Cuccaro, A., Meers, S., Buquicchio, C., Antic, D., Al-Khabori, M., Garcia-Sanz, R., Biernat, M. M., Tisi, M. C., Sal, E., Rahimli, L., Colovic, N., Schonlein, M., Calbacho, M., Tascini, C., Miranda-Castillo, C., Khanna, N., Mendez, G. -A., Petzer, V., Novak, J., Besson, C., Dulery, R., Lamure, S., Nucci, M., Zambrotta, G., Zak, P., Seval, G. C., Bonuomo, V., Mayer, J., Lopez-Garcia, A., Sacchi, M. V., Booth, S., Ciceri, F., Oberti, M., Salvini, M., Izuzquiza, M., Nunes-Rodrigues, R., Ammatuna, E., Obr, A., Herbrecht, R., Nunez-Martin-Buitrago, L., Mancini, V., Shwaylia, H., Sciume, M., Essame, J., Nygaard, M., Batinic, J., Gonzaga, Y., Regalado-Artamendi, I., Karlsson, L. K., Shapetska, M., Hanakova, M., El-Ashwah, S., Borbenyi, Z., Colak, G. M., Nordlander, A., Dragonetti, G., Maraglino, A. M. E., Rinaldi, A., De Ramon-Sanchez, C., Cornely, O. A., Finizio, O., Fazzi, R., Sapienza, G., Chauchet, A., Van Praet, J., Prattes, J., Dargenio, M., Rossi, C., Shirinova, A., Malak, S., Tafuri, A., Ommen, H. -B., Bologna, S., Khedr, R. A., Choquet, S., Joly, B., Ceesay, M. M., Philippe, L., Kho, C. S., Desole, M., Tsirigotis, P., Otasevic, V., Borducchi, D. M. M., Antoniadou, A., Gaziev, J., Almaslamani, M. A., Garcia-Pouton, N., Paterno, G., Torres-Lopez, A., Tarantini, G., Mellinghoff, S., Grafe, S., Borschel, N., Passweg, J., Merelli, M., Barac, A., Wolf, D., Shaikh, M. U., Thieblemont, C., Bernard, S., Funke, V. A. M., Daguindau, E., Khostelidi, S., Nucci, F. M., Martin-Gonzalez, J. -A., Landau, M., Soussain, C., Laureana, C., Lacombe, K., Kohn, M., Aliyeva, G., Piedimonte, M., Fouquet, G., Rego, M., Hoell-Neugebauer, B., Cartron, G., Pinto, F., Alburquerque, A. M., Passos, J., Yilmaz, A. F., Redondo-Izal, A. -M., Altuntas, F., Heath, C., Kolditz, M., Schalk, E., Guolo, F., Karthaus, M., Della Pepa, R., Vinh, D., Noel, N., Deau Fischer, B., Drenou, B., Mitra, M. E., Meletiadis, J., Bilgin, Y. M., Jindra, P., Espigado, I., Drgona, L., Serris, A., Di Blasi, R., Ali, N., Stem Cell Aging Leukemia and Lymphoma (SALL), Salvy-Córdoba, Nathalie, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore = Catholic University of the Sacred Heart [Roma] (Unicatt), University Hospital of Cologne [Cologne], Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, IFO - Istituto Nazionale Tumori Regina Elena [Roma] (IRE), Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital, IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori [Milano], University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC), Medical University of Graz, Odessa National I.I.Mechnikov University, Faculty of Medicine [Cologne], University Hospital of Cologne [Cologne]-University of Cologne, King's College Hospital (KCH), Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria = University of Insubria [Varese] (Uninsubria), Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia = School of Medicine and Surgery [Monza], Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove [Republique Tchèque], Charles University [Prague] (CU), Ankara University School of Medicine [Turkey], Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz [Madrid] (FJD), Ospedale SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Churchill Hospital Oxford Centre for Haematology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute [Milan, Italie], ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology [Barcelone] (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital [Barcelona], Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Ospedale San Luigi Gonzaga, University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), Institut de Cancérologie de Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Palacky University Olomouc, Zagreb School of Medicine [Zagreb, Croatia] (Dubrava University Hospital), University of Zagreb, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda [Madrid, Spain], ASST Great Metropolitan Niguarda / ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda [Milan, Italia], Hamad Medical Corporation [Doha, Qatar], Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Rijeka, Croatian Cooperative Group for Hematological Diseases (CROHEM), Zealand University Hospital [Roskilde, Denmark], Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón' [Madrid], Department of Clinical Microbiology [Rigshospitalet], Rigshospitalet [Copenhagen], Copenhagen University Hospital-Copenhagen University Hospital, Homieĺ State Medical University (GSMU), Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion [Prague, Czech Republic], University of Szeged [Szeged], University Hospital Ostrava, Mansoura University [Egypt], Marmara University [Kadıköy - İstanbul], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Karolinska University Hospital [Stockholm], Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (IPATIMUP), Hospital de São João [Porto], Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), Clinic Barcelona Hospital Universitari, Department of Public Health and Cell Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University [St. Petersburg], Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre (VUMC), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla [Santander], La Paz University Hospital, Azienda Usl Toscana centro [Firenze], AZ Klina, Clinical Center of Serbia (KCS), University of Belgrade [Belgrade], Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Partenaires INRAE, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Servicio de Haematologia, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), University of Wrocław [Poland] (UWr), San Bortolo Hospital, Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf = University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf [Hamburg] (UKE), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre [Madrid], Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASU FC), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos [Madrid] (URJC), University of Basel (Unibas), Innsbruck Medical University = Medizinische Universität Innsbruck (IMU), University Hospital Kralovské Vinohrady, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot (CHV), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Hématologie biologique [CHRU Montpellier], Pôle Biologie-Pathologie [CHRU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), San Gerardo Hospital of Monza, Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele [Milan, Italy], Assi Sette Llaghi Varese, Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto / Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), University Hospital Olomouc [Czech Republic], ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Instituto Nacional do Câncer, Copenhagen University Hospital, Republican Scientific and Practical Center (RSPC) for organ and Tissue Transplantation, Minsk, Republican Scientific and Practical Center (RSPC) for Organ and Transplantation, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Gilead Sciences, Pagano, Livio [0000-0001-8287-928X], Salmanton-García, Jon [0000-0002-6766-8297], Marchesi, Francesco [0000-0001-6353-2272], Busca, Alessandro [0000-0001-5361-5613], Corradini, Paolo [0000-0002-9186-1353], Hoenigl, Martin [0000-0002-1653-2824], Klimko, Nikolay [0000-0001-6095-7531], Koehler, Philipp [0000-0002-7386-7495], Pagliuca, Antonio [0000-0003-2519-0333], Passamonti, Francesco [0000-0001-8068-5289], Verga, Luisa [0000-0003-1142-8435], Víšek, Benjamin [0000-0001-8268-452X], Ilhan, Osman [0000-0003-1665-372X], Weinbergerová, Barbora [0000-0001-6460-2471], Córdoba, Raúl [0000-0002-7654-8836], Marchetti, Monia [0000-0001-7615-0572], Farina, Francesca [0000-0002-5124-6970], Cattaneo, Chiara [0000-0003-0031-3237], Cabirta, Alba [0000-0001-7198-8894], Gomes-Silva, Maria [0000-0002-6993-2450], Itri, Federico [0000-0002-3532-5281], Doesum, Jaap van [0000-0003-0214-3219], Ledoux, Marie-Pierre [0000-0002-3261-3616], Čerňan, Martin [0000-0003-2345-1229], Jakšić, Ozren [0000-0003-4026-285X], Magliano, Gabriel [0000-0002-9129-1530], Omrani, Ali S. [0000-0001-5309-6358], Fracchiolla, Nicola S. [0000-0002-8982-8079], Kulasekararaj, Austin G. [0000-0003-3180-3570], Valković, Toni [0000-0001-6083-8815], Poulsen, Christian Bjørn [0000-0001-9785-1378], Machado, Marina [0000-0002-8370-2248], Glenthøj, Andrea [0000-0003-2082-0738], Stoma, Igor [0000-0003-0483-7329], Ráčil, Zdeněk [0000-0003-3511-4596], Piukovics, Klára [0000-0003-4480-3131], Emarah, Ziad [0000-0003-0622-2598], Sili, Uluhan [0000-0002-9939-9298], Maertens, Johan [0000-0003-4257-5980], Bergantim, Rui [0000-0002-7811-9509], García-Vidal, Carolina [0000-0002-8915-0683], Prezioso, Lucia [0000-0003-1660-4960], Principe, Maria Ilaria del [0000-0002-3958-0669], Popova, Marina [0000-0001-8536-5495], Jonge, Nick de [0000-0002-9901-0887], Ormazabal-Vélez, Irati [0000-0003-1141-5546], Falces-Romero, Iker [0000-0001-5888-7706], Cuccaro, Annarosa [0000-0002-0237-1839], Meers, Stef [0000-0003-1754-2175], Buquicchio, Caterina [0000-0002-3683-5953], Antić, Darko [0000-0002-2608-1342], Al-Khabori, Murtadha [0000-0002-2937-8838], García-Sanz, Ramón [0000-0003-4120-2787], Biernat, Monika [0000-0003-3161-3398], Tisi, Maria Chiara [0000-0001-8231-6700], Sal, Ertan [0000-0003-2761-2675], Rahimli, Laman [0000-0003-2266-445X], Schönlein, Martin [0000-0002-1010-0975], Calbacho, María [0000-0001-8106-4863], Tascini, Carlo [0000-0001-9625-6024], Miranda-Castillo, Carolina [0000-0001-8763-9576], Khanna, Nina [0000-0002-2642-419X], Méndez, Gustavo-Adolfo [0000-0003-0514-7004], Petzer, Verena [0000-0002-9205-1440], Besson, Caroline [0000-0003-4364-7173], Duléry, Rémy [0000-0002-5024-1713], Lamure, Sylvain [0000-0001-5980-305X], Nucci, Marcio [0000-0003-4867-0014], Zambrotta, Giovanni [0000-0002-8612-2994], Žák, Pavel [0000-0003-4465-5343], Cengiz Seval, Guldane [0000-0001-9433-2054], Bonuomo, Valentina [0000-0001-6491-8337], Mayer, Jiří [0000-0003-0567-9887], López-García, Alberto [0000-0002-5354-5261], Sacchi, Maria Vittoria [0000-0001-8133-3357], Booth, Stephen [0000-0003-2687-0234], Ciceri, Fabio [0000-0003-0873-0123], Nunes-Rodrigues, Raquel [0000-0002-8347-4281], Ammatuna, Emanuele [0000-0001-8247-4901], Obr, Aleš [0000-0002-6758-3074], Herbrecht, Raoul [0000-0002-9381-4876], Shwaylia, Hawraa [0000-0002-4098-6092], Sciumè, Mariarita [0000-0001-7958-4966], Essame, Jenna [0000-0003-0926-5577], Batinić, Josip [0000-0001-5595-9911], Gonzaga, Yung [0000-0003-1416-2118], Regalado-Artamendi, Isabel [0000-0002-9673-9015], Karlsson, Linda Katharina [0000-0003-3317-7550], Shapetska, Maryia [0000-0002-1223-9161], El-Ashwah, Shaimaa [0000-0003-2210-1534], Çolak, Gökçe Melis [0000-0002-7662-7454], Dragonetti, Giulia [0000-0003-1775-6333], Rinaldi, Amelia [0000-0002-8211-5076], Ramón, Cristina de [0000-0002-8167-6410], Cornely, Oliver A. [0000-0001-9599-3137], Institut Català de la Salut, [Pagano L] Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli - IRCCS – Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. [Salmanton-García J] Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany. Cologne Excellence Cluster On Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany. [Marchesi F] Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy. [Busca A] Stem Cell Transplant Center, AOU Citta’ Della Salute E Della Scienza, Turin, Italy. [Corradini P] University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy. [Hoenigl M] Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA. Clinical and Translational Fungal Working Group, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. Section of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. [Cabirta A, Izuzquiza M] Servei d’Hematologia, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. Experimental Hematology, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain. Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Hematology, Salmanton-García, Jon, Klimko, Nikolay, Víšek, Benjamin, Weinbergerová, Barbora, Córdoba, Raúl, Doesum, Jaap van, Čerňan, Martin, Jakšić, Ozren, Magliano, Gabriel, Kulasekararaj, Austin G., Valković, Toni, Poulsen, Christian Bjørn, Glenthøj, Andrea, Ráčil, Zdeněk, Piukovics, Klára, García-Vidal, Carolina, Principe, Maria Ilaria del, Jonge, Nick de, Ormazabal-Vélez, Irati, Antić, Darko, García-Sanz, Ramón, Biernat, Monika, Schönlein, Martin, Calbacho, María, Méndez, Gustavo-Adolfo, Duléry, Rémy, Žák, Pavel, Cengiz Seval, Guldane, Mayer, Jiří, López-García, Alberto, Obr, Aleš, Sciumè, Mariarita, Batinić, Josip, Çolak, Gökçe Melis, Ramón, Cristina de, and Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina
Subjects: [SDV.MHEP.HEM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hematology, Male, Cancer Research, MESH: Registries, Epidemiology, MESH: Hospitalization, Hematological malignancies, Otros calificadores::Otros calificadores::/complicaciones [Otros calificadores], MESH: Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Risk Factors, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Risk Factors, Malalties - Factors de risc, Risk of mortality, Medicine and Health Sciences, virosis::infecciones por virus ARN::infecciones por Nidovirales::infecciones por Coronaviridae::infecciones por Coronavirus [ENFERMEDADES], 80 and over, Medicine, MESH: COVID-19, Registries, Sang - Malalties - Complicacions, RC254-282, Cause of death, BIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO. Kliničke medicinske znanosti. Interna medicina, MESH: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Hematology, MESH: Middle Aged, Mortality rate, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Myeloid leukemia, Virus Diseases::RNA Virus Infections::Nidovirales Infections::Coronaviridae Infections::Coronavirus Infections [DISEASES], [SDV.MHEP.HEM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hematology, Middle Aged, CANCER, Europe, Hospitalization, Intensive Care Units, Oncology, MESH: Young Adult, Hematologic Neoplasms, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Female, BIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO. Kliničke medicinske znanosti. Infektologija, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, COVID-19, EHA, Pandemic, Aged, Humans, SARS-CoV-2, Young Adult, técnicas de investigación::métodos epidemiológicos::estadística como asunto::probabilidad::riesgo::factores de riesgo [TÉCNICAS Y EQUIPOS ANALÍTICOS, DIAGNÓSTICOS Y TERAPÉUTICOS], [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Intensive care, Internal medicine, Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, MESH: SARS-CoV-2, neoplasias::neoplasias por localización::neoplasias hematológicas [ENFERMEDADES], Molecular Biology, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE. Clinical Medical Sciences. Internal Medicine, pandemic, hematological malignancies, epidemiology, MESH: Humans, Science & Technology, business.industry, Myelodysplastic syndromes, Research, MESH: Adult, Neoplasms::Neoplasms by Site::Hematologic Neoplasms [DISEASES], medicine.disease, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE. Clinical Medical Sciences. Infectology, Settore MED/15, MESH: Male, Settore MED/15 - MALATTIE DEL SANGUE, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, COVID-19 (Malaltia) - Diagnòstic, MESH: Intensive Care Units, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Risk::Risk Factors [ANALYTICAL, DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES, AND EQUIPMENT], MESH: Europe, RC633-647.5, business, MESH: Female, Other subheadings::Other subheadings::/complications [Other subheadings], MESH: Hematologic Neoplasms
Abstract: Background Patients with hematological malignancies (HM) are at high risk of mortality from SARS-CoV-2 disease 2019 (COVID-19). A better understanding of risk factors for adverse outcomes may improve clinical management in these patients. We therefore studied baseline characteristics of HM patients developing COVID-19 and analyzed predictors of mortality. Methods The survey was supported by the Scientific Working Group Infection in Hematology of the European Hematology Association (EHA). Eligible for the analysis were adult patients with HM and laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 observed between March and December 2020. Results The study sample includes 3801 cases, represented by lymphoproliferative (mainly non-Hodgkin lymphoma n = 1084, myeloma n = 684 and chronic lymphoid leukemia n = 474) and myeloproliferative malignancies (mainly acute myeloid leukemia n = 497 and myelodysplastic syndromes n = 279). Severe/critical COVID-19 was observed in 63.8% of patients (n = 2425). Overall, 2778 (73.1%) of the patients were hospitalized, 689 (18.1%) of whom were admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). Overall, 1185 patients (31.2%) died. The primary cause of death was COVID-19 in 688 patients (58.1%), HM in 173 patients (14.6%), and a combination of both COVID-19 and progressing HM in 155 patients (13.1%). Highest mortality was observed in acute myeloid leukemia (199/497, 40%) and myelodysplastic syndromes (118/279, 42.3%). The mortality rate significantly decreased between the first COVID-19 wave (March–May 2020) and the second wave (October–December 2020) (581/1427, 40.7% vs. 439/1773, 24.8%, p value, EPICOVIDEHA has received funds from Optics COMMITTM (COVID-19 Unmet Medical Needs and Associated Research Extension) COVID-19 RFP program by GILEAD Science, United States (Project 2020-8223).
Published: 2021

13. Relevance of leukocytospermia and semen culture and its true place in diagnosing and treating male infertility

Author: Sajal Gupta, Damayanthi Durairajanayagam, Florence Boitrelle, Ralf Henkel, Rupin Shah, Pallav Sengupta, Kelton Tremellen, Marco G. Alves, Marlon Martinez, Mesut Altan, Renata Finelli, Lucia Rocco, Marjan Sabbaghian, Parviz Kavoussi, Juan G. Alvarez, Rakesh Sharma, Christina Anagnostopoulou, Sava Micic, Haitham Elbardisi, Marcelo Rodríguez Peña, Osvaldo Rajmil, Hyun Jun Park, Ashok Agarwal, Taymour Mostafa, Sunil Jindal, Rafael F. Ambar, Gian Maria Busetto, Giovanni M. Colpi, Mohamed Arafa, Nicholas N. Tadros, Kareim Khalafalla, Edmund Y. Ko, Jonathan Ramsay, Hassan N. Sallam, Armand Zini, Sheena E.M. Lewis, Paraskevi Vogiatzi, Neel Parekh, Jaime Gosálvez, Israel Maldonado Rosas, Sijo Parekattil, Mara Simopoulou, Ayad Palani, Ramadan A Saleh, Hussein Kandil, Sami Alsaid, Sharma, R., Gupta, S., Agarwal, A., Henkel, R., Finelli, R., Parekh, N., Saleh, R., Arafa, M., Ko, E., Zini, A., Tadros, N., Shah, R., Ambar, R. F., Elbardisi, H., Sengupta, P., Martinez, M., Boitrelle, F., Simopoulou, M., Vogiatzi, P., Gosalvez, J., Kavoussi, P., Kandil, H., Palani, A., Pena, M. R., Rajmil, O., Busetto, G. M., Anagnostopoulou, C., Micic, S., Alves, M. G., Rocco, L., Mostafa, T., Alvarez, J. G., Jindal, S., Sallam, H. N., Rosas, I. M., Lewis, S. E. M., Alsaid, S., Altan, M., Park, H. J., Ramsay, J., Parekattil, S., Sabbaghian, M., Tremellen, K., Khalafalla, K., Durairajanayagam, D., Colpi, G. M., Cleveland Clinic, Imperial College London, University of the Western Cape, Sohag University, Weill Cornell Medicine [Qatar], Loma Linda University, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS MANILA PHL, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Biologie de la Reproduction, Environnement, Epigénétique & Développement (BREED), Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), CHI Poissy-Saint-Germain, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Università degli studi della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Cairo University - Faculty of Medicine, Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Alexandria University [Alexandrie], Ankara University School of Medicine [Turkey], Pusan National University, Hammersmith Hospital NHS Imperial College Healthcare, University of Central Florida [Orlando] (UCF), Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Flinders University [Adelaide, Australia], Hamad Medical Corporation [Doha, Qatar], Universiti Teknologi MARA [Shah Alam] (UiTM ), and Procrea Institute
Subjects: Aging, Culture, 030232 urology & nephrology, medicine.disease_cause, urologic and male genital diseases, Male infertility, 0302 clinical medicine, Leukocytes, Pharmacology (medical), Andrology, OXIDATIVE STRESS, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, Health Policy, UREAPLASMA-UREALYTICUM, Urology & Nephrology, Spermatozoa, 3. Good health, Psychiatry and Mental health, Epididymitis, GRANULOCYTE ELASTASE, Infection, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Urology, Semen, Mycoplasma hominis, Semen analysis, Infections, WHITE BLOOD-CELLS, 03 medical and health sciences, Endocrinology & Metabolism, medicine, Inflammation, Science & Technology, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, [SDV.BDLR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology, CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS INFECTION, Leukocyte, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, SPERM DNA FRAGMENTATION, Health Care Sciences & Services, ACCESSORY-GLAND INFECTION, GENITAL-TRACT INFECTION, Reproductive Medicine, Immunology, Endtz, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES, Chlamydia trachomatis, business, IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION, Ureaplasma urealyticum
Abstract: International audience; The current WHO 2010 manual for human semen analysis defines leukocytospermia as the presence of peroxidase-positive leukocytes at a concentration >1×106/mL of semen. Granular leukocytes when activated are capable of generating high levels of reactive oxygen species in semen resulting in oxidative stress. Oxidative stress has been correlated with poor sperm quality, increased level of sperm DNA fragmentation and low fertility potential. The presence of leukocytes and pathogens in the semen may be a sign of infection and/or localized inflammatory response in the male genital tract and the accessory glands. Common uro-pathogens including Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma hominis, and Escherichia coli can cause epididymitis, epididymo-orchitis, or prostatitis. The relationship between leukocytospermia and infection is unclear. Therefore, we describe the pathogens responsible for male genital tract infections and their association with leukocytospermia. The review also examines the diagnostic tests available to identify seminal leukocytes. The role of leukocytospermia in male infertility and its management is also discussed.
Published: 2021

14. Acute myocardial infarction and acute heart failure in the Middle East and North Africa: Study design and pilot phase study results from the PEACE MENA registry

Author: Muhammad Ali, Fahad Alkindi, Ayman Al Saleh, Wael Almahmeed, Khalid F. AlHabib, Ahmed Al-Motarreb, Mohammad I. Amin, Mothanna Alquraishi, Nadia Fellat, Ayman Hammoudeh, Mohamed Sobhy, Magdi G. Yousif, Salim Benkheddah, Anhar Ullah, Faiez Zannad, Habib Gamra, Mohammad Al Jarallah, Bodescot, Myriam, King Saud University [Riyadh] (KSU), Université de Monastir - University of Monastir (UM), Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi [Abou Dabi, Émirats arabes unis], Istishari Hospital [Amman, Jordanie], Université d'Alger 1 (Benyoucef Benkhedda), Sabah Al-Ahmad Cardiac Center [Ville de Koweït, Koweït], Sana'a University, Ibn Al-Bitar Hospital for Cardiac Surgery [Bagdad, Irak], International Cardiac Center [Alexandrie, Égypte] (ICC), Sudan Heart Centre [Khartoum, Soudan], Hamad Medical Corporation [Doha, Qatar], Ibn Sina University Hospital [Rabat, Maroc], Sh. Mohammad Bin Khalifa Cardiac Centre [Awali, Bahreïn], Saudi Heart Association [Riyad, Arabie saoudite], Centre d'investigation clinique [Nancy] (CIC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Université de Lorraine (UL), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), HG, WA, AH, SB, MJ, AM, MS, MGY, FA, NF, MIA, AS. 30 $ for each submitted online CRF for data collection. funder name: by Roche Diagnostic Middle East FZCO. https://www.rochemiddleeast.com, and Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Male, Cardiovascular Procedures, medicine.medical_treatment, Myocardial Infarction, Pilot Projects, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Vascular Medicine, 0302 clinical medicine, Africa, Northern, Risk Factors, Prevalence, Medicine and Health Sciences, Coronary Heart Disease, Hospital Mortality, Prospective Studies, Registries, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, Prospective cohort study, Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting, Multidisciplinary, Mortality rate, 1. No poverty, Thrombolysis, Middle Aged, Hospitals, 3. Good health, [SDV.MHEP.CSC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Research Design, Cohort, Medicine, Female, Risk assessment, Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, Patients, Death Rates, Science, Cardiology, Surgical and Invasive Medical Procedures, Proof of Concept Study, Risk Assessment, Middle East, 03 medical and health sciences, Reperfusion therapy, Population Metrics, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, medicine, Humans, Aged, Heart Failure, Population Biology, business.industry, Correction, Biology and Life Sciences, medicine.disease, Health Care, Health Care Facilities, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Heart failure, Emergency medicine, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business
Abstract: BackgroundThis pilot study describes the overall design and results of the Program for the Evaluation and Management of the Cardiac Events registry for the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region.MethodsThis prospective, multi-center, multi-country study included patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and/or acute heart failure (AHF). We evaluated the clinical characteristics, socioeconomic and educational levels, management, in-hospital outcomes, and 30-day mortality rate of patients that were admitted to one tertiary-care center in each of 14 Arab countries in the MENA region.ResultsBetween 22 April and 28 August 2018, 543 AMI and 381AHF patients were enrolled from 14 Arab countries (mean age, 57±12 years, 82.5% men). Over half of the patients in both study groups had low incomes with limited health care coverage, and limited education. Nearly half of the cohort had a history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or hypercholesterolemia. Among patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarctions, 56.4% received primary percutaneous interventions, 24% received thrombolysis, and 19.5% received no acute reperfusion therapy. The main causes of AHF were ischemic heart diseases (55%) and primary valvular heart diseases (15%). The in-hospital and 30-day mortality rates were 2.0% and 3.5%, respectively, for AMI, and 5.4% and 7.0%, respectively, for AHF.ConclusionsThis pilot study revealed a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with AMI and AHF in Arab countries, and low levels of socioeconomic and educational status. Future phases of the study will improve our understanding of the impact that these factors have on the management and outcomes of cardiac events in these patient populations.
Published: 2020

15. WAO-ARIA consensus on chronic cough - Part II: Phenotypes and mechanisms of abnormal cough presentation — Updates in COVID-19

Author: Lianglu Wang, Sami L. Bahna, Luis Caraballo, Jean Bousquet, David B. Peden, Sandra Nora González Díaz, Luciana Kase Tanno, Georges S. Juvelekian, Giorgio Walter Canonica, Ludger Klimek, Ignacio J. Ansotegui, Yoon-Seok Chang, Jose Antonio Ortego-Martell, Adnan Custovic, Moussa A. Riachy, Bryan Martin, Samar A. Idriss, Peter K. Smith, Gary W.K. Wong, René Maximiliano Gómez, Erika Jensen-Jarolim, Mona Al-Ahmad, Tanya M. Laidlaw, Jonathan A. Bernstein, Cecilio Azar, Philip W. Rouadi, Alessandro Fiocchi, Michael Levin, Eliane Abou-Jaoude, Motohiro Ebisawa, Talal M. Nsouli, Mário Morais-Almeida, Usamah Hadi, Maryam Ali Al-Nesf, Fares Zaitoun, Glenis Scadding, James L. Sublett, Manana Chikhladze, Anahí Yáñez, Peter Hellings, Beirut Eye & ENT Specialist Hospital (BESH), Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Contre les MAladies Chroniques pour un VIeillissement Actif en Languedoc-Roussillon (MACVIA-LR), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing Reference Site (EIP on AHA), Commission Européenne-Commission Européenne-Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Brigham and Women’s Hospital [Boston, MA], Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), American University of Beirut [Beyrouth] (AUB), Middle East Institute of Health, Clemenceau Medical Center (CMC), Kuwait University, Investigaciones en Alergia y Enfermedades Respiratorias (InAER), Hamad Medical Corporation [Doha, Qatar], International Cough Institute (ICI), Louisiana State University (LSU), LAU Medical Center-Rizk Hospital, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center (AUB), Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation [Leuven], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), University Hospitals Leuven [Leuven], Ghent University Hospital, Academic Medical Center - Academisch Medisch Centrum [Amsterdam] (AMC), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), The Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital [London, UK], University College of London [London] (UCL), Griffith University [Brisbane], Hospital CUF Descobertas, Catholic University of Salta, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon [Mexique] (UANL), Center for Rhinology and Allergology Wiesbaden, University Hospital Mannheim, Saint George Hospital University Medical Center [UOB LIBAN], University of Balamand [Liban] (UOB), Hôtel-Dieu de France (HDF), Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth (USJ), Humanitas Clinical and Research Center [Rozzano, Milan, Italy], University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), The Chinese University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong], University of Louisville, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital [Beijing] (PUMCH), Institut Desbrest de santé publique (IDESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), World Health Organisation (WHO), Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Akaki Tsereteli State University, University of Cape Town, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (SNUBH), The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center., University of Cartagena, Imperial College London, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo (UAEH), Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Sagamihara National Hospital [Kanagawa, Japan], Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital [Rome, Italy], Hospital Quirónsalud Bizkaia [Bilbao], and Salvy-Córdoba, Nathalie
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Allergy, Upper airway cough syndrome, medicine.medical_treatment, Cough reflex, Immunology, GASTROESOPHAGEAL-REFLUX DISEASE, AIRWAY COUGH, Lower airway disease, OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE, [SDV.MHEP.PSR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, TRP CHANNELS, Article, CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, CHEST GUIDELINE, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Continuous positive airway pressure, VARIANT ASTHMA, Cough phenotypes, COPD, Science & Technology, POSTNASAL-DRIP-SYNDROME, business.industry, Type 2 inflammation, RC581-607, medicine.disease, Obstructive sleep apnea, respiratory tract diseases, ALLERGIC RHINITIS, Chronic cough, Upper respiratory tract infection, BRONCHIAL HYPERRESPONSIVENESS, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, GERD, Reflex, [SDV.MHEP.PSR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, Multifactorial cough, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, medicine.symptom, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, COVID 19, Reflux-cough
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Chronic cough can be triggered by respiratory and non-respiratory tract illnesses originating mainly from the upper and lower airways, and the GI tract (ie, reflux). Recent findings suggest it can also be a prominent feature in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), laryngeal hyperresponsiveness, and COVID-19. The classification of chronic cough is constantly updated but lacks clear definition. Epidemiological data on the prevalence of chronic cough are informative but highly variable. The underlying mechanism of chronic cough is a neurogenic inflammation of the cough reflex which becomes hypersensitive, thus the term hypersensitive cough reflex (HCR). A current challenge is to decipher how various infectious and inflammatory airway diseases and esophageal reflux, among others, modulate HCR. OBJECTIVES: The World Allergy Organization/Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (WAO/ARIA) Joint Committee on Chronic Cough reviewed the current literature on classification, epidemiology, presenting features, and mechanistic pathways of chronic cough in airway- and reflux-related cough phenotypes, OSA, and COVID-19. The interplay of cough reflex sensitivity with other pathogenic mechanisms inherent to airway and reflux-related inflammatory conditions was also analyzed. OUTCOMES: Currently, it is difficult to clearly ascertain true prevalence rates in epidemiological studies of chronic cough phenotypes. This is likely due to lack of standardized objective measures needed for cough classification and frequent coexistence of multi-organ cough origins. Notwithstanding, we emphasize the important role of HCR as a mechanistic trigger in airway- and reflux-related cough phenotypes. Other concomitant mechanisms can also modulate HCR, including type2/Th1/Th2 inflammation, presence or absence of deep inspiration-bronchoprotective reflex (lower airways), tissue remodeling, and likely cough plasticity, among others. ispartof: WORLD ALLERGY ORGANIZATION JOURNAL vol:14 issue:12 ispartof: location:United States status: published
Published: 2021

16. Osteopontin: A Promising Therapeutic Target in Cardiac Fibrosis

Author: Abdelaziz Mohamed, Iman, Gadeau, Alain-Pierre, Hasan, Anwarul, Abdulrahman, Nabeel, Mraiche, Fatima, Boullé, Christelle, Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine [Giza Governorate, Egypt] (CESC), University of Science and Technology at Zewail City, Biologie des maladies cardiovasculaires = Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering [Doha, Qatar] (College of Engineering), Qatar University, Biomedical Research Center [Doha, Qatar] (BRC), Translational Research Institute [Doha, Qatar], Academic Health System [Doha, Qatar]-Hamad Medical Corporation [Doha, Qatar], Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences [Doha, Qatar] (College of Pharmacy/QU Health), The publication of this article was funded by the Qatar National Library., and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: osteopontin, Heart Diseases, cardiac fibrosis, Review, Fibrosis, [SDV.MHEP.CSC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, potential therapeutic target, Gene Expression Regulation, stomatognathic system, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, inflammation, Humans, biomarker, Disease Susceptibility, Cardiomyopathies, Biomarkers, Signal Transduction
Abstract: International audience; Osteopontin (OPN) is recognized for its significant roles in both physiological and pathological processes. Initially, OPN was recognized as a cytokine with pro-inflammatory actions. More recently, OPN has emerged as a matricellular protein of the extracellular matrix (ECM). OPN is also known to be a substrate for proteolytic cleavage by several proteases that form an integral part of the ECM. In the adult heart under physiological conditions, basal levels of OPN are expressed. Increased expression of OPN has been correlated with the progression of cardiac remodeling and fibrosis to heart failure and the severity of the condition. The intricate process by which OPN mediates its effects include the coordination of intracellular signals necessary for the differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, promoting angiogenesis, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. In this review, we discuss the role of OPN in contributing to the development of cardiac fibrosis and its suitability as a therapeutic target.
Published: 2019

17. Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1-induced osteopontin expression facilitates cardiac hypertrophy through p90 ribosomal S6 kinase

Author: Béatrice Jaspard-Vinassa, Larry Fliegel, Nabeel Abdulrahman, Aayesha Jabeen, Fatima Mraiche, Alain-Pierre Gadeau, Sadaf Riaz, Translational Research Institute [Doha, Qatar], Academic Health System [Doha, Qatar]-Hamad Medical Corporation [Doha, Qatar], Biologie des maladies cardiovasculaires = Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Biochemistry [Edmonton, AB, Canada] (Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry), University of Alberta, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences [Doha, Qatar] (College of Pharmacy/QU Health), Qatar University, This work was supported by the National Priorities Research Program grant (NPRP 5 - 330 - 3 - 090) provided by the Qatar National Research Fund, Doha, Qatar (https://www.qnrf.org). Lead principal investigator (PI): FM, PI: LF, AG., Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work was supported by the National Priorities Research Program grant (NPRP 5 - 330 - 3 - 090) provided by the Qatar National Research Fund, Doha, Qatar (https://www.qnrf.org)., and Gadeau, Alain-Pierre
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Gene isoform, p90 ribosomal s6 kinase, osteopontin, [SDV.BA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Genetics, medicine, Osteopontin, Cause of death, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, biology, cardiac hypertrophy, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, CD44, Dilated cardiomyopathy, medicine.disease, Molecular biology, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Sodium–hydrogen antiporter, 030104 developmental biology, Heart failure, Cardiac hypertrophy, biology.protein, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. One in three cases of heart failure is due to dilated cardiomyopathy. The Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1), a multifunctional protein and the key pH regulator in the heart, has been demonstrated to be increased in this condition. We have previously demonstrated that elevated NHE1 activity induced cardiac hypertrophy in vivo. Furthermore, the overexpression of active NHE1 elicited modulation of gene expression in cardiomyocytes including an upregulation of myocardial osteopontin (OPN) expression. To determine the role of OPN in inducing NHE1-mediated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, double transgenic mice expressing active NHE1 and OPN knockout were generated and assessed by echocardiography and the cardiac phenotype. Our studies showed that hearts expressing active NHE1 exhibited cardiac remodeling indicated by increased systolic and diastolic left ventricular internal diameter and increased ventricular volume. Moreover, these hearts demonstrated impaired function with decreased fractional shortening and ejection fraction. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) mRNA was upregulated, and there was an increase in heart cell cross-sectional area confirming the cardiac hypertrophic effect. Moreover, NHE1 transgenic mice also showed increased collagen deposition, upregulation of CD44 and phosphorylation of p90 ribosomal s6 kinase (RSK), effects that were regressed in OPN knockout mice. In conclusion, we developed an interesting comparative model of active NHE1 transgenic mouse lines which express a dilated hypertrophic phenotype expressing CD44 and phosphorylated RSK, effects which were regressed in absence of OPN.
Published: 2018

18. Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 induced osteopontin expression in cardiomyocytes involves NFAT3/Gata4

Author: Fatima Mraiche, Nabeel Abdulrahman, Iman A. Mohamed, Maiy Jaballah, Alain-Pierre Gadeau, Mohamed Mlih, Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie - UMR 7213 (LBP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Translational Research Institute [Doha, Qatar], Academic Health System [Doha, Qatar]-Hamad Medical Corporation [Doha, Qatar], Adaptation cardiovasculaire à l'ischemie, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences [Doha, Qatar] (College of Pharmacy/QU Health), and Qatar University
Subjects: Gene isoform, medicine.medical_specialty, Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Clinical Biochemistry, Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, [SDV.BC.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Subcellular Processes [q-bio.SC], Tacrolimus, Muscle hypertrophy, Myoblasts, Mice, stomatognathic system, H9c2, NFAT3, Gata4, Internal medicine, medicine, Myocyte, Animals, Myocytes, Cardiac, Osteopontin, Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, Molecular Biology, Cation Transport Proteins, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Regulation of gene expression, Mice, Knockout, Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 1, biology, NFATC Transcription Factors, GATA4, Cell Biology, General Medicine, Hypertrophy, GATA4 Transcription Factor, Sodium–hydrogen antiporter, Endocrinology, Gene Expression Regulation, Article RECHERCHE, Knockout mouse, biology.protein, cardiovascular system
Abstract: Osteopontin (OPN), a multifunctional glycophosphoprotein, has been reported to contribute to the development and progression of cardiac remodeling and hypertrophy. Cardiac-specific OPN knockout mice were protected against hypertrophy and fibrosis mediated by Ang II. Recently, transgenic mice expressing the active form of the Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1) developed spontaneous hypertrophy in association with elevated levels of OPN. The mechanism by which active NHE1 induces OPN expression and contributes to the hypertrophic response remains unclear. To validate whether expression of the active form of NHE1 induces OPN, cardiomyocytes were stimulated with Ang II, a known inducer of both OPN and NHE1. Ang II induced hypertrophy and increased OPN protein expression (151.6 ± 28.19 %, P < 0.01) and NHE1 activity in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Ang II-induced hypertrophy and OPN protein expression were regressed in the presence of an NHE1 inhibitor, EMD 87580, or a calcineurin inhibitor, FK506. In addition, our results indicated that activation of NHE1-induced NFAT3 translocation into the nucleus and a significant activation of the transcription factor Gata4 (NHE1: 149 ± 28 % of control, P < 0.05). NHE1-induced activation of Gata4 was inhibited by FK506. In summary, our results suggest that activation of NHE1 induces hypertrophy through the activation of NFAT3/Gata4 and OPN expression. This work was supported by the National Priorities Research Program (NPRP 5-330-3-090) grant provided by the Qatar National Research Fund (Doha, Qatar).
Published: 2015

19. Na+/H+ Exchanger Isoform 1-Induced Osteopontin Expression Facilitates Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy

Author: Alain-Pierre Gadeau, Larry Fliegel, Gary D. Lopaschuk, Nabeel Abdulrahman, Natasha Fillmore, Iman A. Mohamed, Fatima Mraiche, Mohamed Mlih, Adaptation cardiovasculaire à l'ischemie, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of Biochemistry [Edmonton, AB, Canada] (Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry), University of Alberta, Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie - UMR 7213 (LBP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Translational Research Institute [Doha, Qatar], Academic Health System [Doha, Qatar]-Hamad Medical Corporation [Doha, Qatar], Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences [Doha, Qatar] (College of Pharmacy/QU Health), and Qatar University
Subjects: Small interfering RNA, osteopontin, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], animal cell, heart hypertrophy, S6 kinase, transcription factor GATA 4, Myocyte, rat, Myocytes, Cardiac, Osteopontin, Phosphorylation, RNA, Small Interfering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Cells, Cultured, Multidisciplinary, Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 1, biology, messenger RNA, Kinase, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, Transfection, protein content, enzyme activity, cell surface, Medicine, Signal transduction, down regulation, Research Article, Signal Transduction, in vitro study, Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers, Science, heart muscle cell, Cardiomegaly, Cell Enlargement, Adenoviridae, Downregulation and upregulation, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, stomatognathic system, sodium proton exchange protein 1, Animals, controlled study, protein expression, Protein kinase B, small interfering RNA, Molecular biology, protein phosphorylation, Rats, mitogen activated protein kinase 3, mitogen activated protein kinase 1, Article RECHERCHE, biology.protein, protein kinase B, genetic transfection, atrial natriuretic factor, upregulation, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: Enhanced expression and activity of the Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1) has been implicated in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in various experimental models. The upregulation of NHE1 was correlated with an increase in osteopontin (OPN) expression in models of cardiac hypertrophy (CH), and the mechanism for this remains to be delineated. To determine whether the expression of active NHE1-induces OPN and contributes to the hypertrophic response in vitro, cardiomyocytes were infected with the active form of the NHE1 adenovirus or transfected with OPN silencing RNA (siRNA-OPN) and characterized for cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Expression of NHE1 in cardiomyocytes resulted in a significant increase in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy markers: cell surface area, protein content, ANP mRNA and expression of phosphorylated-GATA4. NHE1 activity was also significantly increased in cardiomyocytes expressing active NHE1. Interestingly, transfection of cardiomyocytes with siRNA-OPN significantly abolished the NHE1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. siRNA-OPN also significantly reduced the activity of NHE1 in cardiomyocytes expressing NHE1 (68.5±0.24%; P
Published: 2015

20. Mutations in zinc finger 407 [ZNF407] cause a unique autosomal recessive cognitive impairment syndrome

Author: Hatem El-Shanti, Yasser Al-Sarraj, Tawfeg Ben-Omran, Hala Boulos, Rachid C. Maroun, Rehab Ali, Khaoula Errafii, Patrick A. Curmi, Marios Kambouris, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Structure et activité des biomolécules normales et pathologiques (SABNP), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar (WCMC-Q), Weill Cornell Medicine [Qatar], University of Iowa [Iowa City], Hamad Medical Corporation [Doha, Qatar], Shafallah Medical Genetics Center, and Maciejak, Olek
Subjects: Male, Candidate gene, genetic structures, 0302 clinical medicine, Next generation exome sequencing, Genetics(clinical), Pharmacology (medical), Child, Exome, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Medicine(all), Genetics, Zinc finger, 0303 health sciences, Zinc Fingers, Syndrome, General Medicine, musculoskeletal system, Disease gene identification, Pedigree, Cognitive impairment, Mutation (genetic algorithm), Zinc finger proteins, medicine.symptom, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, Molecular Sequence Data, Genes, Recessive, [SDV.GEN.GH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Biology, Next generation exomesequencing, In-silico protein modeling, 03 medical and health sciences, Camptodactyly, Gene mapping, Homozygosity mapping, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, medicine, Humans, Abnormalities, Multiple, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Amino Acid Sequence, 030304 developmental biology, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Research, eye diseases, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Mutation, Cognition Disorders, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background A consanguineous Arab family is affected by an apparently novel autosomal recessive disorder characterized by cognitive impairment, failure-to-thrive, hypotonia and dysmorphic features including bilateral ptosis and epicanthic folds, synophrys, midface hypoplasia, downturned mouth corners, thin upper vermillion border and prominent ears, bilateral 5th finger camptodactyly, bilateral short 4th metatarsal bones, and limited knee mobility bilaterally. Methods The family was studied by homozygosity mapping, candidate gene mutation screening and whole Exome Next Generation Sequencing of a single affected member to identify the offending gene and mutation. The mutated gene product was studied by structural bioinformatics methods. Results A damaging c.C5054G mutation affecting an evolutionary highly conserved amino acid p.S1685W was identified in the ZNF407 gene at 18q23. The Serine to Tryptophane mutation affects two of the three ZNF407 isoforms and is located in the last third of the protein, in a linker peptide adjoining two zinc-finger domains. Structural analyses of this mutation shows disruption of an H-bond that locks the relative spatial position of the two fingers, leading to a higher flexibility of the linker and thus to a decreased probability of binding to the target DNA sequence essentially eliminating the functionality of downstream domains and interfering with the expression of various genes under ZNF407 control during fetal brain development. Conclusions ZNF407 is a transcription factor with an essential role in brain development. When specific and limited in number homozygosity intervals exist that harbor the offending gene in consanguineous families, Whole Exome Sequencing of a single affected individual is an efficient approach to gene mapping and mutation identification.
Published: 2014

21. Efficacy of thoracic endovascular aortic repair versus medical therapy for treatment of type B aortic dissection.

Author: Motawea KR, Rouzan SS, Elhalag RH, Abdelwahab AM, Al Hennawi H, Elshenawy S, Mohamed MS, Chébl P, Madian MS, Hewalla MEE, Swed S, Hafez W, Sawaf B, Kaspo S, Battikh N, Seijari MN, Farwati A, and Rakab A
Subjects: Humans, Treatment Outcome, Postoperative Complications epidemiology, Aged, Aorta, Thoracic surgery, Endovascular Aneurysm Repair, Endovascular Procedures methods, Aortic Dissection surgery, Aortic Dissection mortality, Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic surgery, Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic mortality
Abstract: Background: Techniques in endovascular therapy have evolved to offer a promising alternative to medical therapy alone for Type B aortic dissections (TBADs)., Aim: The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare mortality and overall complications between thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) and best medical therapy (BMT) in patients with TBADs., Methods: We included randomized control trials and prospective or retrospective cohort studies that compared TEVAR and BMT for the treatment of type B aortic dissection. Multiple electronic databases were searched., Results: Thirty-two cohort studies including 150,836 patients were included. TEVAR was associated with a significantly lower 30-day mortality rate than BMT (RR = 0.79, CI = 0.63, 0.99, P = 0.04), notably in patients ≥ 65 years of age (RR = 0.78, CI = 0.64, 0.95, P = 0.01). The TEVAR group had a significantly prolonged hospital stay (MD = 3.42, CI = 1.69, 5.13, P = 0.0001) and ICU stay (MD = 3.18, CI = 1.48, 4.89, P = 0.0003) compared to the BMT. BMT was associated with increased stroke risk (RR = 1.52, CI = 1.29, 1.79, P < 0.00001). No statistically significant differences in late mortality (1, 3, and 5 years) or intervention-related factors (acute renal failure, spinal cord ischemia, myocardial infarction, respiratory failure, and sepsis) were noted between the groups., Conclusion: Our meta-analysis revealed a significant association between the TEVAR group and a decreased mortality rate of TBAD compared to the medical treatment group, especially in patients aged 65 years or older. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm our findings., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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22. Workplace resilience and compassionate care among Jordanian private sector nurses.

Author: Nassar YM, Eshah N, Al-Maqableh HO, Nashwan AJ, Rayan A, and Alhawajreh MJ
Abstract: Background: Compassionate care is a hallmark of the nursing profession. Yet, nursing is beset by perennial problems, not the least of which is nursing shortage and increased workload. As such, resilience becomes a critical ingredient that nurses must possess to overcome such challenges. However, there needs to be more evidence of the relationship between compassionate care and resilience within the Jordanian nursing context., Aim: To explore the relationship between workplace resilience and compassionate care among Jordanian nurses working in the private sector., Methods: The study utilized a descriptive cross-sectional correlational design. Convenience sampling with inclusion-exclusion criteria was used to select participants from three private hospitals in Jordan. The Compassionate Care Questionnaire was used to measure levels of compassionate care, and the Resilience at Work Scale was used to measure workplace resilience. Ethical approval was obtained before data collection., Results: A total of 161 nurses participated in the study. Participants had high levels of compassionate care and workplace resilience. Male nurses and nurses with lower workloads had significantly higher levels of compassionate care. Likewise, older nurses, nurses with postgraduate degrees, and nurses with experience of less than 5 years in the current area had significantly higher levels of workplace resilience. Compassionate care had a mordantly solid and significant positive relationship with workplace resilience and all its seven dimensions (living authentically, finding one's calling, maintaining perspective, managing stress, interacting cooperatively, staying healthy, and building networks., Conclusion: Developing workplace resilience can support nurses in implementing compassionate care. Nurse Managers and hospital administrators must consider the effects of compassionate care and workplace resilience on nurses and patients. Future research can include a longitudinal exploration of compassionate care and workplace resilience and an investigation of the levels of these variables outside a hospital setting., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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23. Association of electronic cigarette use and suicidal behaviors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: Awad AA, Itumalla R, Gaidhane AM, Khatib MN, Ballal S, Bansal P, Srivastava M, Arora I, Kumar M, Sinha A, Pant K, Serhan HA, and Shabil M
Subjects: Humans, Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems statistics & numerical data, Adolescent, Young Adult, Suicidal Ideation, Vaping psychology, Suicide, Attempted statistics & numerical data, Suicide, Attempted psychology
Abstract: Background: The proliferation of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) has presented new challenges in public health, particularly among adolescents and young adults. While marketed as safer than tobacco and as cessation aids, e-cigarettes have raised concerns about their long-term health and psychosocial impacts, including potential links to increased suicidal behaviors. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between e-cigarette use and suicidal behaviors by conducting a systematic review of the current literature., Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE for studies up to March 10, 2024, examining the relationship between e-cigarette use and suicidal behaviors. Eligible studies included cross-sectional, longitudinal, retrospective, prospective, and case-control designs. Meta-analysis was performed to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs). Newcastle Ottawa scale was used to assess the quality of studies. R software (V 4.3) was used to perform the meta-analysis., Results: Our analysis included fourteen studies, predominantly from the US and Korea, with participants ranging from 1,151 to 255,887. The meta-analysis identified a significant association between e-cigarette use and an increased risk of suicidal ideation (OR = 1.489, 95% CI: 1.357 to 1.621), suicide attempts (OR = 2.497, 95% CI: 1.999 to 3.996), and suicidal planning (OR = 2.310, 95% CI: 1.810 to 2.810). Heterogeneity was noted among the studies., Conclusion: E-cigarette use is significantly associated with the risk of suicidal behaviors, particularly among adolescents. The findings underscore the necessity for caution in endorsing e-cigarettes as a safer smoking alternative and call for more extensive research to understand the underlying mechanisms. Public health strategies should be developed to address and mitigate the risks of suicidal behaviors among e-cigarette users., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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24. Impact of Previous Alopecia Areata Treatment on Efficacy Responses up to Week 48 Following Ritlecitinib Treatment: A Post Hoc Analysis.

Author: Fu J, Egeberg A, Holmes S, Vano-Galvan S, Steinhoff M, Edwards R, Bonfanti G, Nagra R, Wolk R, Tran H, and Law E
Abstract: Introduction: Patients with alopecia areata (AA) may have received several therapies for management of AA during their lives. In the ALLEGRO phase 2b/3 (NCT03732807) study, the oral JAK3/TEC family kinase inhibitor ritlecitinib demonstrated efficacy and an acceptable safety profile in patients aged ≥ 12 years with AA and ≥ 50% scalp hair loss. This post hoc analysis investigated associations between prior use of AA therapies and Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) responses in patients receiving ritlecitinib for AA., Methods: Patients receiving ritlecitinib 30 mg or 50 mg once daily with or without an initial 4-week 200-mg daily loading dose were grouped by previous exposure to AA treatments, including topicals, intralesional corticosteroids (ILCS), topical immunotherapy, and systemic immunosuppressants or any prior AA treatment. Multivariable logistic regression analyses evaluated the association between response based on a SALT score of ≤ 20 and any prior treatment for AA at weeks 24 and 48., Results: Of 522 patients, 360 (69.0%) had previous exposure to any AA treatment. At Week 24, SALT ≤ 20 response was positively associated with prior use of ILCS (odds ratio [OR], 2.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23-3.65; P < 0.05) and negatively associated with prior use of systemic immunosuppressants (OR 0.50; 95% CI 0.28-0.88; P < 0.05). Prior use of topicals or topical immunotherapy was not associated with SALT ≤ 20 response at Week 24. By Week 48, no association was identified between SALT ≤ 20 response and prior use of topicals, ILCS, topical immunosuppressants, or systemic immunosuppressants (all P > 0.05). Previous exposure to any AA therapy was not associated with SALT ≤ 20 response at weeks 24 or 48 (all P > 0.05)., Conclusions: Prior AA treatment history had no effect on longer-term treatment response to ritlecitinib., Trial Registration Number: NCT03732807., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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25. Cognitive impairment after tooth extraction: appraising literature and recommendations for future research.

Author: T Hefnawy M, Elfil M, J Nashwan A, and Elfil M
Subjects: Humans, Tooth Extraction adverse effects, Cognitive Dysfunction etiology
Published: 2024
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26. Prevalence of iron overload in patients with chronic kidney disease on peritoneal dialysis: A scoping review.

Author: Nashwan AJ, Abuawwad MT, Jaradat JH, Ibraheem A, Yassin MA, and Taha MJJ
Abstract: Background and Aims: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) are susceptible to complications, including iron overload, which can significantly impact their prognosis and overall health. This scoping review aimed to study the prevalence and implications of iron overload in CKD patients undergoing PD., Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across five databases, leading to the selection of 18 papers for in-depth analysis. These studies collectively involved 381 PD patients, 60.3% were males., Results: No consensus was reached regarding the exact diagnostic cutoff for iron overload. The investigations revealed four main aspects: (1) Seven papers identified various factors contributing to iron overload, emphasizing the role of different iron supplements and magnetic resonance imaging's capability to diagnose iron accumulation in organs; (2) Iron overload in young patients was found to hinder growth; (3) Six studies highlighted the adverse effects of iron overload, with cardiac issues being the most significant; (4) Three studies demonstrated the efficacy of iron-chelating agents, Deferoxamine and Deferasirox, in treating iron overload patients undergoing PD. Overall, the estimated prevalence of liver iron overload in CKD patients on PD ranges from approximately 10% to 28.6%, which is far lower than the prevalence of 75% elegantly shown in HD patients., Conclusion: While iron overload was a significant concern for CKD patients undergoing PD in the past, it is less common in the current era due to advancements in treatments, such as erythropoiesis-stimulating agents. Treatment with specific chelation agents has proven beneficial, but there is also a risk of adverse effects, necessitating meticulous monitoring and timely intervention., Competing Interests: Abdulqadir J. Nashwan is an Editorial Board member of Health Science Reports and co‐author of this article. He is excluded from editorial decision‐making related to the acceptance of this article for publication in the journal. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest., (© 2024 The Author(s). Health Science Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Published: 2024
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27. Exploring stakeholder perceptions of implementing a pharmacist-led anticoagulation clinic in primary care settings: a cross-sectional study.

Author: Alshihab S, Mohamed Ibrahim MI, Abdul Hadi M, Syed A, Arabi AR, Al-Qahtani A, Al Mujalli H, Rafie I, Gaith Al-Kuwari M, Kandy M, and Al-Zaidan M
Abstract: Background: Anticoagulation therapy is crucial for managing various cardiovascular and thrombotic conditions; however, optimal delivery remains challenging in primary care. Pharmacist-led anticoagulation services have emerged as a potential strategy for enhancing patient care and outcomes in such settings. Understanding the perspectives of key stakeholders is critical for successful implementation., Objectives: This study aimed to explore the perceptions of key stakeholders involved in the implementation of pharmacist-led anticoagulation clinics in primary care settings., Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using structured, pilot-tested questionnaires between August and October 2023. Patients receiving warfarin, pharmacists, and physicians working across various primary healthcare centres were invited to complete an online survey. Each group of stakeholders had individualised questionnaires to assess their perceptions and expectations with regard to developing pharmacist-led anticoagulation clinics in primary care. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data., Results: The response rates for the survey were 29.4% for physicians, 10.4% for patients, and 48.6% for pharmacists. Participants expressed positive perceptions toward pharmacist-led anticoagulation clinics, acknowledging benefits such as improved access to care, enhanced medication management, and increased patient education. The respondents expressed confidence in the expertise and skills of pharmacists in this role. However, healthcare providers strongly agree that pharmacists should receive additional training specific to anticoagulation management. Establishing standardised protocols and fostering interprofessional collaboration were identified as the main facilitators for practical implementation., Conclusions: Broad support exists for pharmacist-led anticoagulation clinics in primary care, though additional pharmacist training and accountability concerns need to be addressed for successful implementation., Competing Interests: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s)., (© 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)
Published: 2024
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28. Purtscher's and Purtscher-like retinopathy etiology, features, management, and outcomes: A summative systematic review of 168 cases.

Author: Serhan HA, Abuawwad MT, Taha MJJ, Hassan AK, Abu-Ismail L, Delsoz M, Alrawashdeh HM, Alkorbi HA, Moushmoush O, and Elnahry AG
Subjects: Humans, Male, Female, Adult, Retinal Diseases therapy, Retinal Diseases etiology
Abstract: Background: To describe Purtscher's and Purtscher-like retinopathy clinical features, etiologies, management options, and visual outcomes., Methods: Our protocol was registered on PROSPERO [registration number: CRD42023406843]. Seven online databases were searched: PubMed, Scopus, Medline, ScienceDirect, CENTRAL, clinicaltrials.gov, and Google Scholar. Original articles were included if they reported at least one subject diagnosed with Purtscher's or Purtscher-like retinopathy. The primary outcome is to describe the clinical features of Purtscher and Purtscher-like retinopathies, including etiologies, results of related investigations, management lines, and visual outcomes. All analyses were conducted with the use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27 (IBM SPSS Corp, SPSS Statistics ver. 26, USA) and Cochrane's RevMan software. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the NIH quality assessment tools., Results: A total of 114 articles were included, describing 168 cases of Purtscher's and Purtscher-like retinopathy. Patients were evenly distributed between males (50.89%) and females (49.11%). Average age of patients was 34.62 years old. Trauma was the leading cause of retinopathy, being reported in 39.88% of our patients, followed by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (13.1%) and acute pancreatitis (11.9%). Bilateral symptoms were reported in 57.7% of patients with centrally blurred vision being the most complained symptom (OS: 34.32% and OD: 18%). 75% of patients elicited bilateral retinal findings. Cotton-wool spots were of highest prevalence (58%). Purtscher flecken was seen in 53% of patients. Macular edema was seen in 13% of patients. Overall, patients had a favorable prognosis (53%)., Conclusion: Purtscher's and Purtscher-like retinopathies are rare sight-threatening retinopathies that develop most commonly following trauma or other systemic diseases as SLE and acute pancreatitis. Little data is available regarding these conditions, and available data is of low quality. Patients develop bilateral disease in approximately 50% of cases, and several retinal findings are observed, with no specific tendency. Most observed signs are cotton-wool spots in around 55% of patients and Purtscher flecken in 51% of patients. Patients spontaneously recovered, although data is not conclusive. No clear prognostic value of etiological factors is identified, and further research is required in this regard., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2024 Serhan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Published: 2024
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29. Granulosis rubra nasi from plastic surgery perspective.

Author: Almutairi RH, Shah Mardan QNM, Al Qurashi AA, and Mrad MA
Abstract: Affecting the eccrine glands, granulosis rubra nasi (GRN) is an inherited disorder that manifests itself as redness, sweating, and papules distributed mainly in the center of the face. It is diagnosed clinically and the cornerstone of management is reassurance and education about the benign nature of the condition. A wide array of treatment modalities has been proposed, such as Botox and corticosteroids injections; however curative measures are yet to be discovered. In this paper, we present a case of a 26-year-old man complaining of chronic nose sweating. The case was successfully managed with Botox injections, though we suggested our theory of undercutting the glands through aggressive defatting as part of open rhinoplasty to the patient; he declined our suggested modality. It remains an untested option and caution should be exercised in high-risk patients to avoid compromising blood supply to the skin and risking skin necrosis., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (Published by Oxford University Press and JSCR Publishing Ltd. © The Author(s) 2024.)
Published: 2024
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30. Risk factors for failure of enema reduction of intussusception in children.

Author: Alsinan T, Altokhais T, Alshayeb F, Hajja A, Al Boukai M, Alsalameh S, Aldahleh R, Shabi S, Almubayadh S, de Jesus Rodriguez Runao D, Alansari AN, and AlAli KK
Subjects: Humans, Female, Male, Infant, Risk Factors, Child, Preschool, Retrospective Studies, Intussusception therapy, Enema methods, Treatment Failure
Abstract: Intussusception is a common surgical emergency in children. Clinical suspicion and radiological evaluation confirm the diagnosis of the disease. Enema reduction is the first line of management. This study aimed to explore the risk factors associated with enema reduction failure. A retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with intussusception at three different hospitals in different countries from January 2016 to December 2022. Data collected included demographics, presenting symptoms, duration of symptoms, management, outcomes, and follow-ups. A total of 290 cases of intussusception were included in the study. Ages ranged from 1 to 36 months, with a median age of 15 months. All children underwent an enema reduction which was successful in 92.4%. Failure of reduction was seen in 16.7% of females compared to 6.4% of males, and it was significantly seen in children below the age of 1 year compared to older children. Failure of reduction significantly increases with the duration of symptoms and in children who present with bilious vomiting and currant jelly stool. In conclusion, Failure of enema reduction was more prevalent in females, in children below the age of 1 year and who present late, as well as children who had bilious vomiting and currant jelly stool. This study identified several risk factors associated with failed enema reduction in children with intussusception. Recognizing the risk factors can help guide clinicians in the management and anticipation of outcomes., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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31. Bridging the generational gap between nurses and nurse managers: a qualitative study from Qatar.

Author: Abujaber AA, Nashwan AJ, Santos MD, Al-Lobaney NF, Mathew RG, Alikutty JP, Kunjavara J, and Alomari AM
Abstract: Background: The nursing workforce comprises multiple generations, each with unique values, beliefs, and expectations that can influence communication, work ethic, and professional relationships. In Qatar, the generational gap between nurses and nurse managers poses challenges to effective communication and teamwork, impacting job satisfaction and patient outcomes., Aim: This study investigates the generational gap between nurses and nurse managers in Qatar, aiming to identify strategies to enhance collaboration and create a positive work environment., Methods: A qualitative research design was used, involving semi-structured interviews with 20 participants, including frontline nurses and senior nurse managers. Participants were purposively sampled to represent different generations. Data were collected through face-to-face and virtual interviews, then transcribed and thematically analyzed., Findings: Four key themes emerged: Optimizing the Work Environment: Older generations preferred transformational and situational leadership, while younger nurses valued respect, teamwork, accountability, and professionalism. Strengthening Work Atmosphere through Communication and values: Older nurses favored face-to-face communication, while younger nurses preferred digital tools. Cultivating Respect and Empathy: Younger nurses emphasized fairness in assignments and promotions, while older nurses focused on empathy and understanding. Dynamic Enhancement of Healthcare Systems: Younger nurses were more adaptable to technology and professional development, while older nurses prioritized clinical care and patient outcomes., Conclusion: The study reveals significant generational differences in leadership preferences, communication styles, and adaptability to technology. Addressing these gaps through effective leadership, ongoing education, and open communication can improve job satisfaction and patient care., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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32. An international study presenting a federated learning AI platform for pediatric brain tumors.

Author: Lee EH, Han M, Wright J, Kuwabara M, Mevorach J, Fu G, Choudhury O, Ratan U, Zhang M, Wagner MW, Goetti R, Toescu S, Perreault S, Dogan H, Altinmakas E, Mohammadzadeh M, Szymanski KA, Campen CJ, Lai H, Eghbal A, Radmanesh A, Mankad K, Aquilina K, Said M, Vossough A, Oztekin O, Ertl-Wagner B, Poussaint T, Thompson EM, Ho CY, Jaju A, Curran J, Ramaswamy V, Cheshier SH, Grant GA, Wong SS, Moseley ME, Lober RM, Wilms M, Forkert ND, Vitanza NA, Miller JH, Prolo LM, and Yeom KW
Subjects: Humans, Child, Adolescent, Female, Male, Child, Preschool, Information Dissemination methods, Brain Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Brain Neoplasms pathology, Artificial Intelligence
Abstract: While multiple factors impact disease, artificial intelligence (AI) studies in medicine often use small, non-diverse patient cohorts due to data sharing and privacy issues. Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a solution, enabling training across hospitals without direct data sharing. Here, we present FL-PedBrain, an FL platform for pediatric posterior fossa brain tumors, and evaluate its performance on a diverse, realistic, multi-center cohort. Pediatric brain tumors were targeted due to the scarcity of such datasets, even in tertiary care hospitals. Our platform orchestrates federated training for joint tumor classification and segmentation across 19 international sites. FL-PedBrain exhibits less than a 1.5% decrease in classification and a 3% reduction in segmentation performance compared to centralized data training. FL boosts segmentation performance by 20 to 30% on three external, out-of-network sites. Finally, we explore the sources of data heterogeneity and examine FL robustness in real-world scenarios with data imbalances., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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33. Incidence, characteristics, and prehospital outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Qatar: a nationwide gender-based investigation.

Author: Awad E, Farhat H, Shami R, Gholami N, Mortada B, Rumbolt N, Azizurrahman A, Arabi AR, and Alinier G
Abstract: Background: Research on incidence and characteristics of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) in the Middle East is limited. We assessed the incidence, prehospital characteristics, and outcomes of OHCA in Qatar, a Middle Eastern country. Subsequently, we performed gender-specific analysis., Methods: This was a retrospective examination of data obtained from the OHCA registry at Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC) in Qatar from 2017 to 2022. We included adults, non-traumatic, EMS-treatment OHCA. We calculated the incidence of adult OHCA and conducted descriptive analyses for prehospital characteristics, and prehospital outcomes presented by return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). We evaluated gender differences in prehospital characteristics and ROSC using Student's t-test and the Chi-Square test as appropriate. Furthermore, we conducted a multivariable logistic regression analysis to investigate the correlation between gender and achieving ROSC., Results: We included 4,306 adult OHCA patients, with 869 (20.2%) being females. The mean annual incidence of adult OHCA was 27.4 per 100,000 population-year. Males had a higher annual incidence of OHCA than females. Among all cases, 36.3% occurred in a public location, 25.8% had an initial shockable rhythm, and 28.8% achieved ROSC. Males had a higher proportion of bystander CPR, arrests in public locations, and initial shockable rhythms. While unadjusted analysis showed no significant gender differences in achieving ROSC, adjusted analysis revealed that male gender was associated with higher odds of achieving ROSC (adjusted OR male vs. female 1.38, 95% CI 1.15-1.66, p < 0.001)., Conclusions: Approximately 720 adults undergo non-traumatic OHCA in Qatar every year, with a higher incidence observed in males. Male gender was associated with higher odds of achieving ROSC. Further gender-specific research in OHCA intervention and outcome in the Middle East is required., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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34. MAFLD criteria are better than MASLD criteria at predicting the risk of chronic kidney disease.

Author: Pan Z, Derbala M, AlNaamani K, Ghazinian H, Fan JG, and Eslam M
Subjects: Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Prevalence, United States epidemiology, Adult, Risk Factors, Risk Assessment, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease epidemiology, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease diagnosis, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease complications, Aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic epidemiology, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic diagnosis, Nutrition Surveys, Albuminuria epidemiology, Albuminuria diagnosis
Abstract: Introduction and Objectives: Fatty liver disease is a multisystem disease. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a more accurate indicator of chronic kidney disease (CKD) than nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the relationship between recently defined metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and CKD is currently unclear. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the prevalence of CKD and albuminuria among individuals diagnosed with either MAFLD or MASLD., Patients and Methods: This study involved 5,492 participants who provided biochemical marker and liver ultrasound data from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2017-2020). Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the independent associations of nonoverlapping MAFLD and MASLD with the presence of CKD or albuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥ 3 mg/mmol)., Results: MAFLD and MASLD were identified in 47% and 44.5% of the participants, respectively. Individuals with MAFLD-only had a greater prevalence of CKD (24.7% vs. 8.3 %, P < 0.006) and albuminuria (18.6% vs. 5%, P < 0.01) than did those with MASLD-only. Importantly, after adjusting for factors such as sex, age, ethnicity, and alcohol use, it was demonstrated that individuals in the MAFLD-only group had a 4.73-fold greater likelihood of having prevalent CKD than those in the MASLD-only group (P < 0.03)., Conclusions: The MAFLD criteria better identify patients with CKD than do the MASLD criteria. Therefore, it is suggested that the MASLD criteria be reconsidered, as currently, the justification for changing from MAFLD to MASLD criteria may not be appropriate., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest None., (Copyright © 2024 Fundación Clínica Médica Sur, A.C. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2024
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35. Risk of suicide and suicide-related events in subjects treated with antiseizure medications.

Author: Mesraoua B, Brigo F, Abou-Khalil B, Ali M, and Lattanzi S
Subjects: Humans, Suicidal Ideation, Risk Factors, Suicide psychology, Anticonvulsants adverse effects, Anticonvulsants therapeutic use, Epilepsy drug therapy, Epilepsy psychology
Abstract: Introduction: In the United States, it is reported that 1.4% of the general population commits suicide. It has been postulated that antiseizure medications (ASMs) can lead to the development of suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior; however, this risk is still very low and has yet to be precisely established., Areas Covered: This narrative review evaluates the risk of suicide-related events (SREs) in subjects taking ASMs for various neurological disorders. Screening tools for suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior are also discussed. References for this article were found using PubMed/MEDLINE., Expert Opinion: Although some ASMs can be associated with SREs, this is not yet clearly established. The mechanisms involved in suicide risk in subjects taking ASMs are multifactorial. The bidirectional relationship between depression and epilepsy, as well as other associations, should be kept in mind when interpreting any impact of ASMs in PWE. Screening for SREs, close monitoring of subjects taking ASMs are the most appropriate strategies to minimize suicide risk. More efforts should be made to achieve accurate risk stratification through prognostic models that could be applied to subjects taking ASMs. Studies exploring the association between ASMs and suicide should consider ASMs individually and control for prior SREs.
Published: 2024
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36. Acute massive posterior stroke with tonsillar herniation in a scuba diver.

Author: Algaly G, Ahmed SMI, Abdelrahman A, Elgassim MA, and Parveen A
Abstract: A transient female passenger in her 40s presented to the emergency department (ED) exhibiting drowsiness post-scuba diving. Despite normal initial vitals, she reported dizziness, sleepiness, and occipital headache. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed a severe posterior circulation acute infarction affecting various brain regions, resulting in significant mass effects and complications like 4th ventricle compression, cerebellar tonsillar herniation, and hydrocephalus. Extensive diagnostic tests, blood workup, and stroke evaluations revealed normal findings, except for an incidental patent foramen ovale (PFO). Collaboration with neurosurgery led to her transfer for life-saving extraventricular drain (EVD) insertion and posterior fossa decompression. Treatment included right-side EVD insertion, suboccipital craniectomy, and foramen magnum decompression. Postoperatively, she was extubated the next day, alert, without focal neurological deficits. Upon EVD removal, a repeat CT head scan showed regression of mass effect. She was discharged home safely after 16 days, fully ambulating., Competing Interests: No competing interests declared by the author(s)., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press.)
Published: 2024
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37. Cardiac Tamponade as a Harbinger of Hypothyroidism.

Author: Ata F, Al-Hattab F, Bint I Bilal A, Alataresh E, and Surchi H
Abstract: Cardiac tamponade is a rare complication of hypothyroidism. In rarer cases, hypothyroidism may initially present with tamponade. Cardiac tamponade is an emergency condition that usually requires urgent intervention. However, guidelines for tamponade secondary to hypothyroidism are not optimal, and cases have been managed variably (ranging from levothyroxine alone to pericardiocentesis followed by thyroid hormone replacement) with diverse outcomes. Here, we report a case of a 42-year-old male with no medical history who presented with exertional dyspnea, lower leg swelling, facial puffiness, constipation, and weight gain. He had low blood pressure (80/60 mm Hg), normal heart rate with sinus rhythm, normal oxygen saturation, and was afebrile. Apart from a mildly raised creatinine, his test results were normal. An echocardiogram revealed features of tamponade. Further laboratory tests showed severe hypothyroidism. Following the initiation of levothyroxine, he demonstrated significant improvement. Coronary angiography revealed 95% stenosis in the mid-left anterior descending artery, treated with stenting. Serial echocardiograms showed regression of the pericardial effusion, stabilizing his condition without the need for invasive pericardiocentesis. This case highlights the importance of prompt diagnosis and management of hypothyroidism-related tamponade to prevent severe cardiac compromise. Hence, it may be necessary to consider hypothyroidism in the differential for patients with unexplained cardiac tamponade., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society.)
Published: 2024
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38. Systemic and cerebro-cardiac biomarkers following traumatic brain injury: an interim analysis of randomized controlled clinical trial of early administration of beta blockers.

Author: El-Menyar A, Asim M, Khan N, Rizoli S, Mahmood I, Al-Ani M, Kanbar A, Alaieb A, Hakim S, Younis B, Taha I, Jogol H, Siddiqui T, Hammo AA, Abdurraheim N, Alabdallat M, Bahey AA, Ahmed K, Atique S, Chaudry IH, Prabhu KS, Uddin S, and Al-Thani H
Subjects: Humans, Male, Female, Adult, Middle Aged, Double-Blind Method, Glasgow Coma Scale, Cytokines blood, S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit blood, Brain Injuries, Traumatic drug therapy, Brain Injuries, Traumatic blood, Adrenergic beta-Antagonists administration & dosage, Adrenergic beta-Antagonists therapeutic use, Biomarkers blood, Troponin T blood, Propranolol administration & dosage, Propranolol therapeutic use
Abstract: This is an interim analysis of the Beta-blocker (Propranolol) use in traumatic brain injury (TBI) based on the high-sensitive troponin status (BBTBBT) study. The BBTBBT is an ongoing double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial with a target sample size of 771 patients with TBI. We sought, after attaining 50% of the sample size, to explore the impact of early administration of beta-blockers (BBs) on the adrenergic surge, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the TBI biomarkers linked to the status of high-sensitivity troponin T (HsTnT). Patients were stratified based on the severity of TBI using the Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and HsTnT status (positive vs negative) before randomization. Patients with positive HsTnT (non-randomized) received propranolol (Group-1; n = 110), and those with negative test were randomized to receive propranolol (Group-2; n = 129) or placebo (Group-3; n = 111). Propranolol was administered within 24 h of injury for 6 days, guided by the heart rate (> 60 bpm), systolic blood pressure (≥ 100 mmHg), or mean arterial pressure (> 70 mmHg). Luminex and ELISA-based immunoassays were used to quantify the serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-18), TBI biomarkers [S100B, Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE), and epinephrine]. Three hundred and fifty patients with comparable age (mean 34.8 ± 9.9 years) and gender were enrolled in the interim analysis. Group 1 had significantly higher baseline levels of IL-6, IL-1B, S100B, lactate, and base deficit than the randomized groups (p = 0.001). Group 1 showed a significant temporal reduction in serum IL-6, IL-1β, epinephrine, and NSE levels from baseline to 48 h post-injury (p = 0.001). Patients with severe head injuries had higher baseline levels of IL-6, IL-1B, S100B, and HsTnT than mild and moderate TBI (p = 0.01). HsTnT levels significantly correlated with the Injury Severity Score (ISS) (r = 0.275, p = 0.001), GCS (r = - 0.125, p = 0.02), and serum S100B (r = 0.205, p = 0.001). Early Propranolol administration showed a significant reduction in cytokine levels and TBI biomarkers from baseline to 48 h post-injury, particularly among patients with positive HsTnT, indicating the potential role in modulating inflammation post-TBI.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04508244. It was registered first on 11/08/2020. Recruitment started on 29 December 2020 and is ongoing. The study was partly presented at the 23rd European Congress of Trauma and Emergency Surgery (ECTES), April 28-30, 2024, in Estoril, Lisbon, Portugal., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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39. Management strategies and outcomes of thromboembolism prevention in atrial fibrillation co-existing with immune thrombocytopenia: A review of evidence.

Author: Metwally OH, Rahhal A, Elsherif RA, Elshoeibi AM, Elhadary M, Elshoeibi AM, Badr A, Elsayed B, Al-Rasheed M, Alshurafa A, and Yassin MA
Abstract: This review aimed to assess bleeding risks and explore management options in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), aiming to formulate an optimal therapeutic approach for improved patient prognosis. Employing MeSH terms, a comprehensive search strategy identified articles on bleeding risks and management guidelines in AF combined with ITP. Original research papers were included, while animal studies, reviews, and non-English articles were excluded. From four databases, 1891 articles were initially retrieved, resulting in 10 relevant full-text articles. Eight studies investigated the effectiveness of anticoagulants in managing concurrent AF and ITP, demonstrating reduced bleeding risk and promising outcomes. Two papers explored surgical interventions, particularly left atrial appendage closure, suggesting its safety for AF management in patients with primary hemostatic disorders, including thrombocytopenia. While the pathophysiological mechanisms of AF and ITP remain unclear, anticoagulation regimens exhibited promising reductions in bleeding risks. Larger studies are warranted to enhance understanding and investigate optimal treatments for AF and ITP., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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40. Prevalence of polypharmacy and factors impacting psychotropic prescribing patterns in women of childbearing potential at inpatient mental health services in Qatar.

Author: Elbakary N, Abdallah O, Ouanes S, Hasanoglu A, Abedlfattah-Arafa E, Al-Shaikhly M, Alqam S, Alshakhs S, Hijawi Z, Al-Abdulla M, Al-Khuzaei N, and Hamad S
Abstract: Aims: Women may experience unique mental disorders due to hormone shifts. Rates of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are similar between genders, but onset and symptoms may differ. Women tend to use more psychotropic drugs due to limited therapeutic options. This study was aimed to estimate the prevalence of psychotropic polypharmacy among females of childbearing potential and factors impacting prescribing patterns., Methods: This was a quantitative retrospective chart review for patients admitted to inpatient units at the Mental Health Hospital in Qatar. SPSS® Statistics was used for data analysis. In addition to descriptive statistics applied, linear regression and binary logistic regression models were used to examine the clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with polypharmacy and full therapeutic response upon discharge, respectively. An alpha value of 0.05 was used., Results: Of the 347 patients, 52.7% of the patients received a prescription of at least two psychotropic drugs upon discharge. Around two-thirds (63.1%) were prescribed at least one antipsychotic. Potential predictors of polypharmacy were age (p = 0.027), longer hospital stay (p = 0.003), family history (p < 0.001), absence of suicidal history (p = 0.005), and a diagnosis of a mood disorder (p = 0.009), or a diagnosis of a psychotic disorder (p = 0.015). A full response upon discharge was less likely to occur in patients with a longer stay (OR = 0.940; p = 0.029) and in those with a substance use disorder (OR = 0.166; p = 0.035)., Conclusion: There is a notably high prevalence of total polypharmacy upon discharge. Some identified factors are modifiable. Evidence-based prescription practices through hospital guidelines and education should be emphasized to avoid unreasonable polypharmacy., (© 2024 The Author(s). Neuropsychopharmacology Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of The Japanese Society of Neuropsychopharmacology.)
Published: 2024
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41. Azithromycin targets the CD27 pathway to modulate CD27hi T-lymphocyte expansion and type-1 effector phenotype.

Author: Ansari AW, Jayakumar MN, Ahmad F, Venkatachalam T, Salameh L, Unnikannan H, Raheed T, Mohammed AK, Mahboub B, Al-Ramadi BK, Hamid Q, Steinhoff M, and Hamoudi R
Subjects: Humans, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Phenotype, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes immunology, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes drug effects, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes metabolism, Th1 Cells immunology, Th1 Cells drug effects, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Lymphocyte Activation drug effects, T-Lymphocyte Subsets immunology, T-Lymphocyte Subsets metabolism, T-Lymphocyte Subsets drug effects, Azithromycin pharmacology, Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7 metabolism, Signal Transduction drug effects
Abstract: Macrolide antibiotic azithromycin is widely used in clinical practice to treat respiratory tract infections and inflammatory diseases. However, its mechanism of action is not fully understood. Given the involvement of the CD27 pathway in the pathophysiology of various T-lymphocyte-mediated inflammatory, autoimmune, and lymphoproliferative diseases, we examined the impact of AZM on CD27 regulation and potential consequences on CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell phenotypes. Using cellular immunology approaches on healthy donors' peripheral blood mononuclear cells, we demonstrate AZM-mediated downregulation of surface CD27 expression as well as its extracellular release as soluble CD27. Notably, AZM-exposed CD27high (hi) cells were defective in their ability to expand compared to CD27intermediate (Int) and CD27low (lo) subsets. The defective CD27hi subset expansion was found to be associated with impaired cell proliferation and cell division. At the molecular level, the CD27hi subset exhibited lower mTOR activity than other subsets. Functionally, AZM treatment resulted in marked depletion of helper CD4+ (Th1) and cytotoxic CD8+ T-lymphocyte (Tc1)-associated CXCR3+CD27hi effector cells and inhibition of inflammatory cytokine IFN-γ production. These findings provide mechanistic insights on immunomodulatory features of AZM on T-lymphocyte by altering the CD27 pathway. From a clinical perspective, this study also sheds light on potential clinical benefits observed in patients on prophylactic AZM regimens against various respiratory diseases and opens avenues for future adjunct therapy against Th1- and Tc1-dominated inflammatory and autoimmune diseases., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision., (Copyright © 2024 Ansari, Jayakumar, Ahmad, Venkatachalam, Salameh, Unnikannan, Raheed, Mohammed, Mahboub, Al-Ramadi, Hamid, Steinhoff and Hamoudi.)
Published: 2024
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42. Associations between maternal bacteremia during the peripartum period and early-onset neonatal sepsis: a retrospective cohort study.

Author: Gad A, Alkhdr M, Terkawi R, Alsharif H, Ibrahim M, Amin R, Algibali E, Chandra P, Hamed M, Petkar HM, and Bayoumi MAA
Subjects: Humans, Retrospective Studies, Female, Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy, Adult, Qatar epidemiology, Risk Factors, Streptococcal Infections epidemiology, Young Adult, Bacteremia epidemiology, Bacteremia microbiology, Neonatal Sepsis microbiology, Neonatal Sepsis epidemiology, Peripartum Period, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious epidemiology, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious microbiology
Abstract: Introduction: Early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) significantly impacts neonatal morbidity and mortality, with maternal bacteremia during the peripartum period being a potential risk factor. This study aims to explore the association between peripartum maternal bacteremia and EONS., Methods: A retrospective cohort study at the Women's Wellness and Research Center in Doha, Qatar (2015-2019) compared women with and without bacteremia, based on blood cultures taken from up to seven days before to 48 h after delivery, examining the association with EONS., Results: Among the 536 maternal blood cultures analyzed, 102 (19.0%) were positive. The most prevalent organisms were Group B streptococcus (GBS) (39.2%), followed by Escherichia coli (14.7%) and anaerobes (10.8%). Neonates from bacteremic mothers had lower birth weights (2913 ± 86 g vs. 3140 ± 745 g; MD 227.63 g; 95% CI 61.72 - 393.55; p = 0.007), required more resuscitation (27.5% vs. 13.2%; OR 2.48; 95% CI 1.48 - 4.17; p < 0.001), and received antibiotics for ≥ 7 days more frequently (41.2% vs. 16.6%; OR 3.51; 95% CI 2.20 - 5.62; p < 0.001) compared to those from non-bacteremic mothers. Maternal Gram-positive (GP) organisms were more commonly isolated in term gestation (67.9%) compared to Gram-negative (GN) (22.2%) and anaerobic bacteremias (9.9%). During intrapartum, GP bacteremia was predominant (67.1%) vs. GN (21.4%) and Anaerobes (11.4%), with GN bacteremia being more common in postpartum samples. Culture-proven EONS occurred in 0.75% of the cohort, affecting 3.9% of infants from bacteremic mothers vs. none in controls (OR 2.34; 95% CI 1.27 - 4.31; p < 0.001). Culture-negative EONS appeared in 14.7% of infants from bacteremic mothers vs. 7.8% in controls (OR 2.02; 95% CI, 1.05 - 3.88; p = 0.03). Among 40 cases of maternal GBS bacteremia, culture-proven GBS EONS occurred in 3 neonates (7.5%), all from mothers with negative GBS screening, compared to none in the control group. A strong association was found between EONS and maternal bacteremia due to any organism (aOR 2.34; 95% CI, 1.24 - 4.41; p = 0.009), GP bacteremia (aOR 3.66; 95% CI, 1.82 - 7.34; p < 0.001), or GBS (aOR 5.74; 95% CI, 2.57 - 12.81; p < 0.001). Bacteremia due to GN and Anaerobic organisms were not associated with EONS. Chorioamnionitis and antepartum fever were independent predictors for EONS associated with significant bacterial isolates., Conclusion: This study underscores the significant impact of maternal GP bacteremia, particularly from GBS, on EONS. The strong association highlights the need for vigilant monitoring and interventions in pregnancies complicated by bacteremia to reduce adverse neonatal outcomes., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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43. Small cell lung cancer associated small bowel obstruction, a diagnostic conundrum: A case report.

Author: Ayoub M, AbuHaweeleh MN, Mahmood N, Clelland C, Ayoub MM, and Saman H
Abstract: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC), a neuroendocrine aggressive subtype of lung cancer, is associated with paraneoplastic disorders in about 9% of patients. In this report, we describe a middle-aged man who presented with chronic bowel obstruction caused by chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) due to SCLC., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (© 2024 The Author(s). Clinical Case Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Published: 2024
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44. Tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma: A case report of rare tumor.

Author: Al-Jubouri AM, Khalil IA, Alhyari A, Alkabbani M, Badawi A, Goyal R, and Jalham KA
Abstract: Tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a rare renal cancer first recognized by the WHO in 2016 as independent disease category, characterized by its typically indolent features and low rates of metastasis. We present a 35-year-old male with tubulocystic RCC diagnosed incidentally on evaluation of flank pain. Magnetic resonance imaging showed Bosniak class 4 renal cyst, although initial computed topography showed a hypodense nonenhancing lesion classified as Bosniak 1 cyst. Patient underwent robotic assisted partial nephrectomy, histopathology confirmed as tubulocystic RCC. This case highlights the importance of considering tubulocystic RCC in the differential diagnoses of renal cysts and other solid renal masses to ensure timely and effective treatment plan., (© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.)
Published: 2024
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45. Minimally invasive vs. conventional mitral valve surgery: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Author: Amin A, Kumar R, Mokhtassi SS, Alassiri AK, Odaman A, Khan MAR, Lakshmana S, Din ZU, Acharya P, Cheema HA, Nashwan AJ, Khan AA, Hussain A, Bhudia S, and Vincent RP
Abstract: Objective: The evidence underlying the efficacy and safety of minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) is inconclusive. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate whether MIMVS improves clinical outcomes compared with conventional sternotomy., Methods: We searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to January 2024 for all randomised controlled trials (RCTs), comparing MIMVS with conventional mitral valve surgery. RevMan 5.4 was used to analyse the data with risk ratio (RR) and mean difference (MD) as the effect measures., Results: Eight studies reporting data on 7 RCTs were included in our review. There was no significant difference in all-cause mortality, the number of patients requiring blood product transfusion, and the change from baseline in the SF-36 physical function scores between the MIMVS and conventional sternotomy groups. MIMVS reduced the length of hospital stay (MD -2.02 days, 95% CI: -3.66, -0.39) but did not affect the length of ICU stay, re-operation for bleeding, and the incidence of renal injury, wound infection, neurological events, and postoperative moderate or severe mitral regurgitation. MIMVS was associated with a trend toward lower postoperative pain scores (MD -1.06; 95% CI: -3.96 to 0.75)., Conclusions: MIMVS reduced the number of days spent in the hospital and showed a trend toward lower postoperative pain scores, but it did not decrease the risk of all-cause mortality or the number of patients needing blood product transfusions. Further large-scale RCTs are required to inform definitive conclusions, particularly with regard to quality-of-life outcomes investigating functional recovery., Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42023482122)., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (© 2024 Amin, Kumar, Mokhtassi, Alassiri, Odaman, Khan, Lakshmana, Din, Acharya, Cheema, Nashwan, Khan, Hussain, Bhudia and Vincent.)
Published: 2024
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46. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma presenting with pulmonary artery compression symptoms, case reports.

Author: Habib MB, Ali K, Fael M, Sabbagh B, Basrak MT, Alkhalaila O, and Alshurafa A
Abstract: Mediastinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBC) may manifest in different presentations including systemic symptoms and local mass symptoms. We report two cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma presenting with pulmonary artery compression symptoms. The first case is of a 38-year-old Asian man which mimicked pulmonary embolism, and the second one is of a 27-year-old Asian woman who presented with fainting and respiratory symptoms due to local mass effect. Both cases were significantly improved after treatment. Local mass effect symptoms may be the first clinical presentation in DLBC lymphoma and should not be overlooked., Competing Interests: None declared., (© 2024 The Author(s). Respirology Case Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of The Asian Pacific Society of Respirology.)
Published: 2024
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47. The role of the ALKBH5 RNA demethylase in invasive breast cancer.

Author: Woodcock CL, Alsaleem M, Toss MS, Lothion-Roy J, Harris AE, Jeyapalan JN, Blatt N, Rizvanov AA, Miftakhova RR, Kariri YA, Madhusudan S, Green AR, Rutland CS, Fray RG, Rakha EA, and Mongan NP
Abstract: Background: N6-methyladenosine (m 6 A) is the most common internal RNA modification and is involved in regulation of RNA and protein expression. AlkB family member 5 (ALKBH5) is a m 6 A demethylase. Given the important role of m 6 A in biological mechanisms, m 6 A and its regulators, have been implicated in many disease processes, including cancer. However, the contribution of ALKBH5 to invasive breast cancer (BC) remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological value of ALKBH5 in BC., Methods: Publicly available data were used to investigate ALKBH5 mRNA alterations, prognostic significance, and association with clinical parameters at the genomic and transcriptomic level. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and enriched pathways with low or high ALKBH5 expression were investigated. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to assess ALKBH5 protein expression in a large well-characterised BC series (n = 1327) to determine the clinical significance and association of ALKBH5 expression., Results: Reduced ALKBH5 mRNA expression was significantly associated with poor prognosis and unfavourable clinical parameters. ALKBH5 gene harboured few mutations and/or copy number alternations, but low ALKBH5 mRNA expression was seen. Patients with low ALKBH5 mRNA expression had a number of differentially expressed genes and enriched pathways, including the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway. Low ALKBH5 protein expression was significantly associated with unfavourable clinical parameters associated with tumour progression including larger tumour size and worse Nottingham Prognostic Index group., Conclusion: This study implicates ALKBH5 in BC and highlights the need for further functional studies to decipher the role of ALKBH5 and RNA m 6 A methylation in BC progression., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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48. The prevalence of orofacial clefts in Qatar : a cross-sectional nationwide study.

Author: Khandakji MN, Hammamy M, Albaloushi M, and Alhashimi N
Subjects: Humans, Qatar epidemiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Prevalence, Male, Female, Retrospective Studies, Infant, Newborn, Adult, Cleft Lip epidemiology, Cleft Palate epidemiology
Abstract: Background: Cleft lip and palate are congenital craniofacial anomalies that significantly impact individuals and their families, both medically and psychosocially. The Qatari population has unique characteristics that are suggestive of a high prevalence of congenital anomalies: high consanguinity rate, large family size, advanced paternal age and high prevalence of certain genetic disorders. The lack of existing data concerning the epidemiology of cleft lip and/or palate in Qatar warrants a descriptive study addressing this topic., Methods: A retrospective nationwide hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted to determine the prevalence of orofacial clefts in Qatar from 2016 to 2021. Data were extracted from the corporation's Cerner database and electronic health records. Information concerning the cleft's characteristics, type, affected side, patient's gender, presence of associated syndromes, nationality, and maternal age were collected., Results: Out of the 147,727 live births, 148 had an orofacial cleft. The prevalence of cleft lip and/or palate was determined to be 1 per 1000 livebirths (95% CI: 0.85, 1.18). The prevalence of cleft lip was 0.18 (95% CI: 0.12, 0.27), cleft palate 0.39 (95% CI: 0.30, 0.51), and cleft lip and palate 0.43 (95% CI: 0.33, 0.55). Qataris had a prevalence of CL 0.25, CP 0.40, and CLP 0.56, compared to 0.16, 0.39, 0.39 for non-Qataris (p-value 0.186). Unilateral clefts predominated over bilateral (74.4% and 25.6%, respectively). Among the unilateral cases, 70.2% occurred on the left side. Most cases were isolated clefts, with only 10.2% having associated syndromes., Conclusions: The prevalence of orofacial clefts in Qatar is consistent with the globally reported prevalence. Most cases were unilateral and on the left side. Associated syndromes were infrequent and more common with cleft palate alone. Intriguing patterns were revealed between Qatari nationals and non-Qatari residents, with specific subtypes of orofacial clefts showing higher prevalence among nationals., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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49. Successful bone marrow transplantation in a patient with Omenn syndrome, a rare variant of severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome: A case report.

Author: Khan U, Umer M, Muhammad A, Iltaf A, and Nashwan AJ
Abstract: Key Clinical Message: Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) saves lives in Omenn syndrome, a severe immunodeficiency disorder. Timely genetic diagnosis and matched donor BMT are crucial. Emphasis on newborn screening and multidisciplinary care improves outcomes for infants with inherited disorders. Prompt intervention and comprehensive management are vital for a successful transplant outcome., Abstract: Omenn syndrome represents a severe variant of combined immunodeficiency characterized by disregulated immune responses and susceptibility to recurrent infections. We present the case of a 3-month-old female infant initially presenting with upper respiratory infection symptoms and a diffuse rash, unresponsive to local treatment. At 4 months of age, the patient underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) utilizing stem cells from a fully matched sibling donor. Pre-transplant conditioning included antimicrobial prophylaxis and supportive therapies. Following BMT, the patient received immunosuppressive medications to prevent graft rejection and graft-versus-host disease. Clinical monitoring post-transplant showed timely neutrophil and platelet engraftment, with subsequent follow-up demonstrating stable clinical parameters and negative cytomegalovirus status. The case highlights the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment in managing severe immunodeficiency disorders, demonstrating the potential for successful outcomes with appropriate timely interventions. Regular monitoring and follow-up appointments were crucial in ensuring the success of the treatment. This case also emphasizes the significance of multidisciplinary care and genetic testing in identifying and managing rare immunodeficiency disorders. The successful outcome in this case provides hope for improved treatment options and better patient outcomes in the future., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (© 2024 The Author(s). Clinical Case Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Published: 2024
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50. Religion and mental health: an Eastern Mediterranean region perspective.

Author: Ghuloum S, Al-Thani HAQF, and Al-Amin H
Abstract: In the last decade, spirituality gained increasing recognition, with an individualized approach to the significance of symptoms and the purpose of treatment. Many psychiatrists started adopting the term "biopsychosocial-spiritual" management. Modern psychological therapies have drawn from the principles of ancient Eastern traditions. However, the spiritual beliefs within Islam and their impact on mental well-being have yet to be studied sufficiently. The Eastern Mediterranean region is largely Muslim and shares similar cultural beliefs. This paper explores some of these beliefs and their impact on perceptions of mental health and help-seeking behavior. The paper will focus primarily on the religious ideologies, the concepts of punishment and reward from Allah (God) in the context of the high stigma associated with mental illness in the region, and the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions toward people with mental illness. We will explore cultural beliefs in possession, evil eye, and black magic and how they influence treatment adherence. Traditional and faith healers remain very popular in this part of the world and are often the first line of treatment for people presenting with mental illness. Suicide and self-harming are particularly sensitive areas due to their religious implications in life and death, as well as the afterlife. Despite the global interest in the Eastern Mediterranean region, there still is a shortage of research on the intercultural aspects of this region, especially regarding mental health assessments. In this regard, we will explore some published literature from Qatar and draw comparisons with regional findings., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Ghuloum, Al-Thani and Al-Amin.)
Published: 2024
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