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1. Ceramides and sphingomyelinases in senile plaques

Author

Luce Dauphinot, Maï Panchal, Olivier Laprévote, Massimo Masserini, Isabelle Rivals, Charles Duyckaerts, Adina N. Lazar, Delphine Dargère, Nicolas Auzeil, Sophie Ayciriex, Elisa Salvati, Mathieu Gaudin, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris - Université Paris Descartes (UPD5 Pharmacie), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics (MPI-CBG), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (ISA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Marines (GM), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Equipe de Statistique Appliquée (UMRS 1158) (ESA), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique (UMRS 1158), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Laboratoire de Neurobiologie, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie et Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire (EA 4463), Laboratoire de Neuropathologie Raymond Escourolle [CHU Pitié-Salpétriêre], Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Panchal, M, Gaudin, M, Lazar, A, Salvati, E, Rivals, I, Ayciriex, S, Dauphinot, L, Dargère, D, Auzeil, N, Masserini, M, Laprévote, O, Duyckaerts, C, Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris ( UPD5 Pharmacie ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Max Planck Institute for Cell Biology and Genetics, Max-Planck-Institut, Institut des Sciences Analytiques ( ISA ), École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), ICNS - Institut de Chimie des Substances naturelles, Unité de recherche Géosciences Marines (Ifremer) ( GM ), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer ( IFREMER ), Equipe de Statistique Appliquée ( ESA ), ESPCI ParisTech, ESPCI ParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Chimie et Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire ( EA 4463 ), Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles ( ICSN ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Neuropathologie Raymond Escourolle, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris (UPD5 Pharmacie), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Unité de recherche Géosciences Marines (Ifremer) (GM), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Equipe de Statistique Appliquée (ESA), ESPCI ParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]

Subjects
Male, Amyloid beta-Peptide, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Plaque, Amyloid, Ceramide, [ SDV.BBM.BC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], 0302 clinical medicine, Senile plaques, [ SDV.BIBS ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, 80 and over, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], Chemistry, Lipid, Middle Aged, Lipidome, BIO/10 - BIOCHIMICA, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, Biochemistry, [ SDV.BBM.GTP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], [ SDV.NEU.NB ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Female, Alzheimer's disease, Alzheimer disease, Sphingomyelin, Microdissection, Human, Electrospray ionization, Fibril, Ceramides, lcsh:RC321-571, 03 medical and health sciences, Apolipoproteins E, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Aβ peptide, Lipidomics, Neuropil, medicine, Humans, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Aged, 030304 developmental biology, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Senile plaque, Mass spectrometry, Lipidomic, Surface Plasmon Resonance, medicine.disease, Molecular biology, [ CHIM.ANAL ] Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Sphingomyelinase, Laser microdissection, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [ SDV.BBM.BS ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], Chromatography, Liquid
Abstract

The senile plaque is a hallmark lesion of Alzheimer disease (AD). We compared, without a priori, the lipidome of the senile plaques and of the adjacent plaque-free neuropil. The analysis by liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry revealed that laser microdissected senile plaques were enriched in saturated ceramides Cer(d18:1/18:0) and Cer(d18:1/20:0) by 33 and 78% respectively with respect to the surrounding neuropil. This accumulation of ceramides was not explained by their affinity for Aβ deposits: no interaction between ceramide-liposomes and Aβ fibrils was observed in vitro by surface plasmon resonance and fluorescent ceramide-liposomes showed no affinity for the senile plaques in AD brain tissue. Accumulation of ceramides could be, at least partially, the result of a local production by acid and neutral sphingomyelinases that we found to be present in the corona of the senile plaques. © 2014 Elsevier Inc.

Published
2014

2. Cholesterol 24-hydroxylase defect is implicated in memory impairments associated with Alzheimer-like Tau pathology

Author

Kristin Michaelsen-Preusse, Sophie Ayciriex, David Blum, Luc Buée, Marie-Claude Potier, Ivan Bièche, Francisco-Jose Fernandez-Gomez, Fathia Djelti, Luce Dauphinot, Jérôme Braudeau, Raphaëlle Caillierez, Nathalie Cartier, Marie-Anne Burlot, Olivier Laprévote, Benoit Gautier, Patrick Dutar, Martin Korte, Mickael Audrain, Brigitte Potier, Nicolas Auzeil, Jennifer Varin, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris - Université Paris Descartes (UPD5 Pharmacie), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics (MPI-CBG), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (ISA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon, Thérapie génique, Génomique et Epigénomique (U 1169), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Génétique, physiopathologie et approches thérapeutiques des maladies héréditaires du système nerveux (EA 7331), Inserm U986, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Mécanismes adaptatifs : des organismes aux communautés, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Alzheimer & Tauopathies [JPArc], Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U837 (JPArc), Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U837 (JPArc), Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Facultés des sciences pharmaceutiques et biologiques, Laboratoire de Chimie et Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire (EA 4463), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service MIRCEN (MIRCEN), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris ( UPD5 Pharmacie ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Max Planck Institute for Cell Biology and Genetics, Max-Planck-Institut, Institut des Sciences Analytiques ( ISA ), École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Thérapie génique, Génomique et Epigénomique ( U 1169 ), Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ), Technische Universität Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences ( CPN - U894 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Génétique, physiopathologie et approches thérapeutiques des maladies héréditaires du système nerveux ( EA 7331 ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Mécanismes adaptatifs : des organismes aux communautés ( MECADEV ), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Alzheimer & Tauopathies ( Equipe 1 ), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] ( CHRU Lille ) -Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer (JPArc) - U1172 ( JPArc ), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] ( CHRU Lille ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre de recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert-Neurosciences et Cancer, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles ( ICSN ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Chimie et Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire ( EA 4463 ), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute ( ICM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Cellular and Systems Neurobiology, Max-Planck-Institut für Neurobiologie, Service MIRCEN ( MIRCEN ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris (UPD5 Pharmacie), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Alzheimer & Tauopathies (Equipe 1), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U1172 Inserm - U837 (JPArc), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Université de Lille, Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U1172 Inserm - U837 (JPArc), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Université de Lille, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB)

Subjects
[SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Hippocampus, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Cerebrospinal fluid, [ SDV.BBM.BC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], Gliosis, Phosphorylation, [ SDV.BIBS ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Genetics (clinical), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], General Medicine, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Tauopathies, [ SDV.BBM.GTP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], [ SDV.NEU.NB ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Alzheimer's disease, medicine.symptom, medicine.medical_specialty, Amyloid, Central nervous system, Mice, Transgenic, tau Proteins, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Alzheimer Disease, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Internal medicine, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Cholesterol 24-Hydroxylase, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, Cholesterol 24-hydroxylase, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Memory Disorders, Cholesterol, medicine.disease, Hydroxycholesterols, Disease Models, Animal, Endocrinology, chemistry, Steroid Hydroxylases, [ CHIM.ANAL ] Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [ SDV.BBM.BS ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM]
Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by both amyloid and Tau pathologies. The amyloid component and altered cholesterol metabolism are closely linked, but the relationship between Tau pathology and cholesterol is currently unclear. Brain cholesterol is synthesized in situ and cannot cross the blood-brain barrier: to be exported from the central nervous system into the blood circuit, excess cholesterol must be converted to 24S-hydroxycholesterol by the cholesterol 24-hydroxylase encoded by the CYP46A1 gene. In AD patients, the concentration of 24S-hydroxycholesterol in the plasma and the cerebrospinal fluid are lower than in healthy controls. The THY-Tau22 mouse is a model of AD-like Tau pathology without amyloid pathology. We used this model to investigate the potential association between Tau pathology and CYP46A1 modulation. The amounts of CYP46A1 and 24S-hydroxycholesterol in the hippocampus were lower in THY-Tau22 than control mice. We used an adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene transfer strategy to increase CYP46A1 expression in order to investigate the consequences on THY-Tau22 mouse phenotype. Injection of the AAV-CYP46A1 vector into the hippocampus of THY-Tau22 mice led to CYP46A1 and 24S-hydroxycholesterol content normalization. The cognitive deficits, impaired long-term depression and spine defects that characterize the THY-Tau22 model were completely rescued, whereas Tau hyperphosphorylation and associated gliosis were unaffected. These results argue for a causal link between CYP46A1 protein content and memory impairments that result from Tau pathology. Therefore, CYP46A1 may be a relevant therapeutic target for Tauopathies and especially for AD.

Published
2015

3. CYP46A1 inhibition, brain cholesterol accumulation and neurodegeneration pave the way for Alzheimer’s disease

Author

Dominique Langui, Michel Vidaud, Eloise Hudry, Nathalie Cartier, Ivan Bièche, Marc Dhenain, Sandro Alves, Olivier Laprévote, Patrick Aubourg, Sophie Ayciriex, Charles Duyckaerts, Jérôme Braudeau, Catherine Marquer, Nicolas Auzeil, Farah Chali, Marie-Claude Potier, Richard B. Miles, Fathia Djelti, Jennifer Varin, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris - Université Paris Descartes (UPD5 Pharmacie), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics (MPI-CBG), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (ISA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon, Mécanismes adaptatifs : des organismes aux communautés, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Thérapie génique, Génomique et Epigénomique (U 1169), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives - UMR 9199 (LMN), Service MIRCEN (MIRCEN), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génétique, physiopathologie et approches thérapeutiques des maladies héréditaires du système nerveux (EA 7331), Facultés des sciences pharmaceutiques et biologiques, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (CRICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Toxicité environnementale, cibles thérapeutiques, signalisation cellulaire (T3S - UMR_S 1124), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie et Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire (EA 4463), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Genetique et Biotherapies des Maladies Degeneratives et Proliferatives du Systeme Nerveux (Inserm U745), Institut des sciences du Médicament -Toxicologie - Chimie - Environnement (IFR71), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Neuropathologie Raymond Escourolle [CHU Pitié-Salpétriêre], Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Inserm U986, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris (UPD5 Pharmacie), Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris ( UPD5 Pharmacie ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Max Planck Institute for Cell Biology and Genetics, Max-Planck-Institut, Institut des Sciences Analytiques ( ISA ), École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Mécanismes adaptatifs : des organismes aux communautés ( MECADEV ), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Thérapie génique, Génomique et Epigénomique ( U 1169 ), Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ), Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives - UMR 9199 ( LMN ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Génétique, physiopathologie et approches thérapeutiques des maladies héréditaires du système nerveux ( EA 7331 ), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière ( CRICM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Toxicologie, Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire ( U1124 ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Chimie et Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire ( EA 4463 ), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute ( ICM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ), Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles ( ICSN ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Genetique et Biotherapies des Maladies Degeneratives et Proliferatives du Systeme Nerveux ( Inserm U745 ), Institut des sciences du Médicament -Toxicologie - Chimie - Environnement ( IFR71 ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris- Chimie ParisTech-PSL ( ENSCP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris- Chimie ParisTech-PSL ( ENSCP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Laboratoire de Neuropathologie Raymond Escourolle, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Service MIRCEN ( MIRCEN ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay

Subjects
[SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Hippocampus, Hippocampal formation, Small hairpin RNA, chemistry.chemical_compound, Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor, 0302 clinical medicine, [ SDV.BBM.BC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], RNA interference, Homeostasis, Enzyme Inhibitors, [ SDV.BIBS ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Lipid raft, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Neurons, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], Neurodegeneration, Brain, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], 3. Good health, Cholesterol, [ SDV.BBM.GTP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], [ SDV.NEU.NB ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Female, medicine.medical_specialty, Mice, Transgenic, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Alzheimer Disease, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Internal medicine, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], medicine, Cholesterol 24-Hydroxylase, Animals, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], Liver X receptor, 030304 developmental biology, Amyloid beta-Peptides, medicine.disease, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Endocrinology, chemistry, Steroid Hydroxylases, [ CHIM.ANAL ] Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Neurology (clinical), Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [ SDV.BBM.BS ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM]
Abstract

Abnormalities in neuronal cholesterol homeostasis have been suspected or observed in several neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease. However, it has not been demonstrated whether an increased abundance of cholesterol in neurons in vivo contributes to neurodegeneration. To address this issue, we used RNA interference methodology to inhibit the expression of cholesterol 24-hydroxylase, encoded by the Cyp46a1 gene, in the hippocampus of normal mice. Cholesterol 24-hydroxylase controls cholesterol efflux from the brain and thereby plays a major role in regulating brain cholesterol homeostasis. We used an adeno-associated virus vector encoding short hairpin RNA directed against the mouse Cyp46a1 mRNA to decrease the expression of the Cyp46a1 gene in hippocampal neurons of normal mice. This increased the cholesterol concentration in neurons, followed by cognitive deficits and hippocampal atrophy due to apoptotic neuronal death. Prior to neuronal death, the recruitment of the amyloid protein precursor to lipid rafts was enhanced leading to the production of β-C-terminal fragment and amyloid-β peptides. Abnormal phosphorylation of tau and endoplasmic reticulum stress were also observed. In the APP23 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease, the abundance of amyloid-β peptides increased following inhibition of Cyp46a1 expression, and neuronal death was more widespread than in normal mice. Altogether, these results suggest that increased amounts of neuronal cholesterol within the brain may contribute to inducing and/or aggravating Alzheimer's disease.

Published
2015

4. Weak protein–cationic co-ion interactions addressed by X-ray crystallography and mass spectrometry

Author

Philippe Benas, Laurent Legrand, Anne Regazzetti, Franck Brachet, Nicolas Auzeil, Madeleine Riès-Kautt, Laboratoire de cristallographie et RMN biologiques (LCRB - UMR 8015), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie et Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire (EA 4463), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Institut des Nanosciences de Paris (INSP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] (IBCP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de cristallographie et RMN biologiques ( LCRB - UMR 8015 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Chimie et Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire ( EA 4463 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Institut des Nanosciences de Paris ( INSP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] ( IBCP ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)

Subjects
Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization, Hofmeister series, Electrospray ionization, Analytical chemistry, Salt (chemistry), 010402 general chemistry, Mass spectrometry, Crystallography, X-Ray, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Structural Biology, Cations, Binding site, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, [PHYS]Physics [physics], 0303 health sciences, [ PHYS ] Physics [physics], Proteins, General Medicine, 0104 chemical sciences, Crystallography, chemistry, X-ray crystallography, Titration, Adsorption, Protein crystallization
Abstract

The adsorption of Rb+, Cs+, Mn2+, Co2+and Yb3+onto the positively charged hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL) has been investigated by solving 13 X-ray structures of HEWL crystallized with their chlorides and by applying electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) first to dissolved protein crystals and then to the protein in buffered salt solutions. The number of bound cations follows the order Cs+< Mn2+≃ Co2+< Yb3+at 293 K. HEWL binds less Rb+(qtot= 0.7) than Cs+(qtot= 3.9) at 100 K. Crystal flash-cooling drastically increases the binding of Cs+, but poorly affects that of Yb3+, suggesting different interactions. The addition of glycerol increases the number of bound Yb3+cations, but only slightly increases that of Rb+. HEWL titrations with the same chlorides, followed by ESI-MS analysis, show that only about 10% of HEWL binds Cs+and about 40% binds 1–2 Yb3+cations, while the highest binding reaches 60–70% for protein binding 1–3 Mn2+or Co2+cations. The binding sites identified by X-ray crystallography show that the monovalent Rb+and Cs+preferentially bind to carbonyl groups, whereas the multivalent Mn2+, Co2+and Yb3+interact with carboxylic groups. This work elucidates the basis of the effect of the Hofmeister cation series on protein solubility.

Published
2014

5. Decreased microglial Wnt/β-catenin signalling drives microglial pro-inflammatory activation in the developing brain

Author

Amélie Montané, Vincent Degos, Rebecca K. Holloway, Valérie C. Besson, Olivier Baud, David H. Rowitch, Pierre Gressens, A. David Edwards, Rahma Hassan-Abdi, Henrik Hagberg, Bobbi Fleiss, Nadia Soussi-Yanicostas, Sophie Lebon, Enrico Petretto, Gareth Ball, Tifenn Le Charpentier, Fabrice Chrétien, Andrée Delahaye-Duriez, Olivier Hennebert, Zsolt Csaba, Paul Aljabar, Anne-Laure Schang, Alka Saxena, Juliette Van Steenwinckel, Veronique E. Miron, Michelle L. Krishnan, Stéphanie Sigaut, Claire Leconte, Franck Verdonk, Cindy Bokobza, Leslie Schwendimann, Walter Birchmeier, Rowitch, David [0000-0002-0079-0060], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Maladies neurodéveloppementales et neurovasculaires (NeuroDiderot (UMR_S_1141 / U1141)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), PremUp Foundation, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-CHI Créteil-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire de Chimie et Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire (EA 4463), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), King‘s College London, Service d'Anesthésie réanimation [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), UFR Santé, Médecine et Biologie Humaine (UFR SMBH), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Sorbonne Université - Faculté de Médecine (SU FM), Sorbonne Université (SU), Histopathologie humaine et Modèles animaux, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), NIHR Biomedical Research Centre [London], Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust-King‘s College London, Queen's Medical Researche Institute, University of Edinburgh, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Centre Hospitalier Sainte Anne [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Pharmacologie de la circulation cérébrale (EA 4475), Duke-NUS Medical School [Singapore], University of Gothenburg (GU), Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University (RMIT University), This study was supported by grants from Inserm, Université Paris Diderot, Université Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, Investissement d'Avenir (ANR-11-INBS-0011, NeurATRIS), ERA-NET Neuron (Micromet), DHU PROTECT, Association Robert Debré, PremUP, Fondation de France, Fondation pour la Recherche sur le Cerveau, Fondation des Gueules Cassées, Roger de Spoelberch Foundation, Grace de Monaco Foundation, Leducq Foundation, Action Medical Research, Cerebral Palsy Alliance Research Foundation Australia, Wellcome Trust (WSCR P32674) and The Swedish Research Council (2015-02493). We wish to acknowledge the support of the Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health, King’s College London. In addition, the authors acknowledge financial support from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre based at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health., ANR-11-INBS-0011,NeurATRIS,Infrastructure de Recherche Translationnelle pour les Biothérapies en Neurosciences(2011), Soussi-Yanicostas, Nadia, Infrastructures - Infrastructure de Recherche Translationnelle pour les Biothérapies en Neurosciences - - NeurATRIS2011 - ANR-11-INBS-0011 - INBS - VALID, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-CHI Créteil-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative (BFA (UMR_8251 / U1133)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Neuroprotection du Cerveau en Développement / Promoting Research Oriented Towards Early Cns Therapies (PROTECT), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Jean Verdier [AP-HP], Laboratoire de dynamique des systèmes neuroendocriniens, Service des Soins Intensifs [CHU Saint-Antoine], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université-Sorbonne Université, Zealand University Hospital, Physiopathologie et neuroprotection des atteintes du cerveau en développement, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of Computing [London], Biomedical Image Analysis Group [London] (BioMedIA), Imperial College London-Imperial College London, Physiopathologie, conséquences fonctionnelles et neuroprotection des atteintes du cerveau en développement, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IFR2-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Imperial College London, Perinatal Center, and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], neuroinflammation, Animals, Genetically Modified, [SCCO]Cognitive science, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Neuroinflammation, Zebrafish, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, innate immunity, Wnt Signaling Pathway, Cells, Cultured, Innate immunity, biology, Microglia, Inflammation/metabolism, neonatal encephalopathy, Wnt signaling pathway, Brain, Human brain, Neuroprotection, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.anatomical_structure, Blood-Brain Barrier, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, neuroprotection, Signal transduction, Wnt Signaling Pathway/physiology, Blood-Brain Barrier/metabolism, [SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, 3DNA, Neonatal encephalopathy, Microglia/metabolism, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.BDD] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, medicine, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Brain/metabolism, Animals, Humans, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Inflammation, Innate immune system, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Computational Biology, Original Articles, [SCCO] Cognitive science, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, Neurology (clinical), Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Microglia of the developing brain have unique functional properties but how their activation states are regulated is poorly understood. Inflammatory activation of microglia in the still-developing brain of preterm-born infants is associated with permanent neurological sequelae in 9 million infants every year. Investigating the regulators of microglial activation in the developing brain across models of neuroinflammation-mediated injury (mouse, zebrafish) and primary human and mouse microglia we found using analysis of genes and proteins that a reduction in Wnt/b-catenin signalling is necessary and sufficient to drive a microglial phenotype causing hypomyelination. We validated in a cohort of preterm-born infants that genomic variation in the Wnt pathway is associated with the levels of connectivity found in their brains. Using a Wnt agonist delivered by a blood-brain barrier penetrant microglia-specific targeting nanocarrier we prevented in our animal model the pro-inflammatory microglial activation, white matter injury and behavioural deficits. Collectively, these data validate that the Wnt pathway regulates microglial activation, is critical in the evolution of an important form of human brain injury and is a viable therapeutic target.

Published
2019

6. Assessment of an in vitro model of pulmonary barrier to study the translocation of nanoparticles

Author

Ghislaine Lacroix, Thierry Kortulewski, Christelle Gamez, Kelly Blazy, Samir Dekali, Patrice Rat, Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Laboratoire de Chimie et Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire (EA 4463), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Institut de Radiobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (IRCM), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay

Subjects
Calu-3, Alveolo-capillary barrier, HPMEC-ST1.6R, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Cellular differentiation, Nanoparticle, Chromosomal translocation, Nanotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, Toxicology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, lcsh:RA1190-1270, medicine, THP1 cell line, Polystyrene, 030304 developmental biology, ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS, lcsh:Toxicology. Poisons, 0303 health sciences, Lung, Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Fluorescence, 3. Good health, Membrane, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cell culture, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Biophysics, Nanoparticles, THP-1, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

Graphical abstract, As the lung is one of the main routes of exposure to manufactured nanoparticles, we developed an in vitro model resembling the alveolo-capillary barrier for the study of nanoparticle translocation. In order to provide a relevant and ethical in vitro model, cost effective and easy-to-implement human cell lines were used. Pulmonary epithelial cells (Calu-3 cell line) and macrophages (THP-1 differentiated cells) were cultivated on the apical side and pulmonary endothelial cells (HPMEC-ST1.6R cell line) on the basal side of a microporous polyester membrane (Transwell®). Translocation of non-functionalized (51 and 110 nm) and aminated (52 nm) fluorescent polystyrene (PS) nanobeads was studied in this system. The use of Calu-3 cells allowed high transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) values (>1000 Ω cm2) in co-cultures with or without macrophages. After 24 h of exposure to non-cytotoxic concentrations of non-functionalized PS nanobeads, the relative TEER values (%/t0) were significantly decreased in co-cultures. Epithelial cells and macrophages were able to internalize PS nanobeads. Regarding translocation, Transwell® membranes per se limit the passage of nanoparticles between apical and basal side. However, small non-functionalized PS nanobeads (51 nm) were able to translocate as they were detected in the basal side of co-cultures. Altogether, these results show that this co-culture model present good barrier properties allowing the study of nanoparticle translocation but research effort need to be done to improve the neutrality of the porous membrane delimitating apical and basal sides of the model.

Published
2014

7. Fisetin disposition and metabolism in mice: Identification of geraldol as an active metabolite. : Fisetin disposition and metabolism in mice

Author

Daniel Scherman, Nicolas Auzeil, Yasmine Touil, François Boulinguez, Hanane Saighi, Anne Regazzetti, Guy G. Chabot, Unité de pharmacologie chimique et génétique et d'imagerie (UPCGI - UMR 8151 / UMR_S 1022 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Laboratoire de Chimie et Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire (EA 4463), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Inserm, CNRS, Institut National du Cancer (INCa), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris- Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP) - Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Flavonols, Metabolite, Angiogenesis Inhibitors, Pharmacology, Biochemistry, MESH : Flavonoids, Carcinoma, Lewis Lung, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Glucuronides, Cell Movement, MESH: Collagen, MESH : Cell Movement, MESH : Female, MESH: Animals, MESH: Endothelial Cells, geraldol, MESH : Laminin, MESH: Cell Movement, MESH: Angiogenesis Inhibitors, MESH : Cell Survival, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Carcinoma, Lewis Lung, MESH : Flavones, MESH: Laminin, Biological activity, MESH : Proteoglycans, 3. Good health, MESH : Antineoplastic Agents, Drug Combinations, MESH : Drug Combinations, MESH: Cell Survival, MESH: Proteoglycans, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, cytotoxicity, Female, Proteoglycans, Collagen, Glucuronide, pharmacokinetics, MESH: Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Survival, fisetin, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Antineoplastic Agents, MESH : Mice, Inbred C57BL, MESH : Glucuronides, 03 medical and health sciences, Glucuronides, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Pharmacokinetics, MESH: Mice, Inbred C57BL, In vivo, MESH : Carcinoma, Lewis Lung, Cell Line, Tumor, MESH : Mice, MESH : Angiogenesis Inhibitors, MESH : Neoplasm Transplantation, Animals, MESH: Mice, Active metabolite, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Drug Combinations, Flavonoids, MESH : Cell Line, Tumor, MESH : Endothelial Cells, MESH: Flavones, Endothelial Cells, Flavones, In vitro, Mice, Inbred C57BL, chemistry, MESH : Collagen, Flavonoid, MESH: Antineoplastic Agents, MESH : Animals, Laminin, metabolism, MESH: Female, MESH: Flavonoids, MESH: Neoplasm Transplantation, Neoplasm Transplantation, Fisetin
Abstract

International audience; Although the natural flavonoid fisetin (3,3',4',7-tetrahydroxyflavone) has been recently identified as an anticancer agent with antiangiogenic properties in mice, its in vivo pharmacokinetics and metabolism are presently not characterized. Our purpose was to determine the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of fisetin in mice and determine the biological activity of a detected fisetin metabolite. After fisetin administration of an efficacious dose of 223 mg/kg i.p. in mice, the maximum fisetin concentration reached 2.5 μg/ml at 15 min and the plasma concentration declined biphasically with a rapid half-life of 0.09 h and a terminal half-life of 3.1h. Three metabolites were detected, one of which was a glucuronide of fisetin (M1), whereas another glucuronide (M2) was a glucuronide of a previously unknown fisetin metabolite (M3). HPLC-MS/MS analysis indicated that M3 was a methoxylated metabolite of fisetin (MW=300 Da). The UV spectrum of M3 was identical to that of fisetin and standard 3,4',7-trihydroxy-3'-methoxyflavone (geraldol). In addition, because M3 co-eluted with standard geraldol in 4 different chromatographic ternary gradient conditions, M3 was therefore assigned to geraldol. Of interest, this metabolite was shown to achieve higher concentrations than fisetin in Lewis lung tumors. We also compared the cytotoxic and antiangiogenic activities of fisetin and geraldol in vitro and it was found that the latter was more cytotoxic than the parent compound toward tumor cells, and that it could also inhibit endothelial cells migration and proliferation. In conclusion, these results suggest that fisetin metabolism plays an important role in its in vivo anticancer activities.

Published
2011

8. Unusual Post-Spray Proton Transfer to Protein Using Acetone Spray in Desorption Electrospray Ionization

Author

Jean-Claude Tabet, Nicolas Auzeil, Anna Warnet, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire de Chimie et Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire (EA 4463), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Chimie Structurale Organique et Biologique (CSOB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Electrospray ionization, Lysozyme, Analytical chemistry, MS, Ion, Solvent, chemistry.chemical_compound, DESI, Adsorption, chemistry, Aprotic solvent, Ionization, Labelling, Acetone, Mass spectrum, Cationization, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences
Abstract

International audience; Although acetone, in DESI ionisation generally leads to protein aggregation, in this study we report unexpected multi-proton transfers to lysozyme using this aprotic solvent as a charged spray. The DESI/acetone mass spectrum of lysozyme displays (i) a significant increase in the average charge state (Zav) and (ii) an incomplete H+/Ca2+ exchange, even though the overall contribution of cationised species is high, relative to those from spraying with a methanol/water solvent. This behavior is contrary to that expected from gas phase basicity, because GBacetone >GBmethanol. Decreasing the amount of sample deposited on the target (from 50 to 0.050 pmole) leads to a charge state increase, as seen in ESI, but not in the extent of cationisation. Moreover, the DESI signal duration is extended with sprayed acetone even though the total ionic current is significantly lowered. With a d6-acetone spray, no incorporation of a deuteron occurs, and the ionization yield is strongly decreased for multi-protonated lysoi+ lysozyme. This is in contrast to that observed with a d4-methanol spray, which displays a distribution of 48 deuterons in the lyso9+ ion as shown in high resolution with a LTQ/Orbitrap instrument. This unexpected behavior of the (CD3)2CO spray suggests that protons do not originate from acetone. Furthermore, dry argon post-flow on the target surface results in the lysozyme signal suppression, whereas with a humid argon flow, the signal is regenerated. On the other hand, an argon stream bubbling in heavy water, yields incorporation of several deuterons. The interpretation of this behavior is explained by considering the acetone radical ions at the surface of the primary droplets (and/or offspring droplets and/or at the wet sample surface), being able to react with ambient moisture (or with traces of water adsorbed at liquid phase). Under these conditions, enough protons are produced to generate multi-charged solvated lysozyme aggregates which then become desolvated in the reduced pressure in the skimmer area.

Published
2015

9. Specific uptake and genotoxicity induced by polystyrene nanobeads with distinct surface chemistry on human lung epithelial cells and macrophages

Author

Anne Braun, Kelly Blazy, Patrice Rat, Thierry Kortulewski, Christelle Gamez, Vincent Paget, Samir Dekali, Olivier Aguerre-Chariol, Ghislaine Lacroix, Romain Grall, Sylvie Chevillard, Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Laboratoire de Chimie et Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire (EA 4463), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Institut de Radiobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (IRCM), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay

Subjects
Cell Survival, Surface Properties, lcsh:Medicine, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Flow cytometry, Cell Line, Histones, Oxazines, medicine, Fluorescence microscope, Cytotoxic T cell, Humans, DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded, Viability assay, Particle Size, lcsh:Science, Cytotoxicity, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Amination, Multidisciplinary, medicine.diagnostic_test, Chemistry, Macrophages, lcsh:R, Epithelial Cells, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Molecular biology, Glutathione, 3. Good health, Xanthenes, Cell culture, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Biophysics, Nanoparticles, Polystyrenes, lcsh:Q, 0210 nano-technology, Reactive Oxygen Species, Intracellular, Genotoxicity, Research Article, DNA Damage
Abstract

Nanoparticle surface chemistry is known to play a crucial role in interactions with cells and their related cytotoxic effects. As inhalation is a major route of exposure to nanoparticles, we studied specific uptake and damages of well-characterized fluorescent 50 nm polystyrene (PS) nanobeads harboring different functionalized surfaces (non-functionalized, carboxylated and aminated) on pulmonary epithelial cells and macrophages (Calu-3 and THP-1 cell lines respectively). Cytotoxicity of in mass dye-labeled functionalized PS nanobeads was assessed by xCELLigence system and alamarBlue viability assay. Nanobeads-cells interactions were studied by video-microscopy, flow cytometry and also confocal microscopy. Finally ROS generation was assessed by glutathione depletion dosages and genotoxicity was assessed by γ-H2Ax foci detection, which is considered as the most sensitive technique for studying DNA double strand breaks. The uptake kinetic was different for each cell line. All nanobeads were partly adsorbed and internalized, then released by Calu-3 cells, while THP-1 macrophages quickly incorporated all nanobeads which were located in the cytoplasm rather than in the nuclei. In parallel, the genotoxicity study reported that only aminated nanobeads significantly increased DNA damages in association with a strong depletion of reduced glutathione in both cell lines. We showed that for similar nanoparticle concentrations and sizes, aminated polystyrene nanobeads were more cytotoxic and genotoxic than unmodified and carboxylated ones on both cell lines. Interestingly, aminated polystyrene nanobeads induced similar cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on Calu-3 epithelial cells and THP-1 macrophages, for all levels of intracellular nanoparticles tested. Our results strongly support the primordial role of nanoparticles surface chemistry on cellular uptake and related biological effects. Moreover our data clearly show that nanoparticle internalization and observed adverse effects are not necessarily associated.

Published
2015

10. Identification and induction of cytochrome P450s involved in the metabolism of flavone-8-acetic acid in mice

Author

Nicolas Auzeil, Hervé Rhinn, Anne Regazzetti, Guy G. Chabot, Djamel Eddine Harami, Daniel Scherman, Minh Hien Pham, Unité de pharmacologie chimique et génétique et d'imagerie (UPCGI - UMR 8151 / UMR_S 1022 ), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris- Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP) - Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie et Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire (EA 4463), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Inserm, CNRS, and Institut National du Cancer (INCa)

Subjects
Furafylline, flavone-8-acetic acid, cytochrome P450, Clinical Biochemistry, Pharmaceutical Science, Biology, Hydroxylation, Article, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, In vivo, Animals, Pharmacology (medical), microsomes, Epoxide hydrolase, induction, 030304 developmental biology, Epoxide Hydrolases, Flavonoids, 0303 health sciences, Biochemistry (medical), CYP1A2, CYP2E1, Acetylcysteine, 3. Good health, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Biochemistry, chemistry, Enzyme Induction, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Microsomes, Liver, Microsome, Female, metabolism, Drug metabolism
Abstract

International audience; The metabolism of flavone-8-acetic acid (FAA) has been hypothesized to be partly responsible for its potent anticancer activity in mice. The purpose of this study was to identify the mouse enzymes involved in FAA Phase I metabolism and evaluate their possible induction in vivo by FAA. Mouse microsomes metabolized FAA into 6 metabolites: 3',4'-dihydrodiol-FAA, 5,6-epoxy-FAA, 4'-OH-FAA, 3'-OH-FAA, 3',4'-epoxy-FAA and 6-OH-FAA. Using Cyp-specific inhibitors (furafylline, Cyp1a2; α-naphthoflavone, Cyp1b1; tranylcypromine, Cyp2b9; quercetin, Cyp2c29; quinidine, 2d9; diethyldithiocarbamate, Cyp2e1; ketoconazole, Cyp3a11), the formation of 5,6-epoxy-FAA was mainly attributed to Cyps 1a2, 1b1, 2b9, 2c29 and 2e1, whereas the 3',4'-epoxy-FAA was formed by Cyps 2b9 and 3a11. The 4'-OH-FAA was generated by Cyps 1a2, 1b1, 2b9 and 2e1, and the 6-OH-FAA was formed by Cyps 1b1 and 2c9. Using the epoxide scavenger N-acetyl cysteine, 4'-OH-FAA, 3'-OH-FAA and 6-OH-FAA were shown to derive partly from non enzymatic isomerisation of their corresponding epoxides. The specific epoxide hydrolase inhibitor elaidamide allowed the confirmation that 3',4'-dihydrodiol-FAA was formed via the epoxide hydrolase. FAA treatment in vivo in mice led to a significant increase in the hepatic expression of Cyp1a2 (1.9-fold), 2e1 (2.1-fold), 2b10 (3.2-fold), 2d9 (2.3-fold) and 3a11 (2.2-fold), as evaluated by qRT-PCR. In conclusion, several Cyps were shown to be involved in FAA metabolism, particularly Cyps 3a11 and 2b9 which were responsible for the formation of the principal metabolites (5,6-epoxy-FAA, 3',4'-epoxy-FAA), and that FAA could induce the expression of several Cyps after in vivo administration. The possible implication of these enzymes in the in vivo anticancer activity of FAA in mice is discussed.

Published
2011

11. Fisetin disposition and metabolism in mice: Identification of geraldol as an active metabolite

Author

Touil, Yasmine, Auzeil, Nicolas, Boulinguez, François, Saighi, Hanane, Regazzetti, Anne, Scherman, Daniel, Chabot, Guy, Chabot, Guy, Unité de pharmacologie chimique et génétique et d'imagerie (UPCGI - UMR 8151 / UMR_S 1022 ), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie et Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire (EA 4463), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Inserm, CNRS, and Institut National du Cancer (INCa)

Subjects
MESH: Cell Line, Tumor, fisetin, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, MESH: Glucuronides, MESH: Mice, Inbred C57BL, MESH: Collagen, MESH: Animals, MESH: Endothelial Cells, geraldol, MESH: Mice, MESH: Cell Movement, MESH: Angiogenesis Inhibitors, MESH: Drug Combinations, MESH: Carcinoma, Lewis Lung, MESH: Flavones, MESH: Laminin, MESH: Cell Survival, MESH: Proteoglycans, Flavonoid, cytotoxicity, MESH: Antineoplastic Agents, pharmacokinetics, metabolism, MESH: Female, MESH: Flavonoids, MESH: Neoplasm Transplantation
Abstract

International audience; Although the natural flavonoid fisetin (3,3',4',7-tetrahydroxyflavone) has been recently identified as an anticancer agent with antiangiogenic properties in mice, its in vivo pharmacokinetics and metabolism are presently not characterized. Our purpose was to determine the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of fisetin in mice and determine the biological activity of a detected fisetin metabolite. After fisetin administration of an efficacious dose of 223 mg/kg i.p. in mice, the maximum fisetin concentration reached 2.5 μg/ml at 15 min and the plasma concentration declined biphasically with a rapid half-life of 0.09 h and a terminal half-life of 3.1h. Three metabolites were detected, one of which was a glucuronide of fisetin (M1), whereas another glucuronide (M2) was a glucuronide of a previously unknown fisetin metabolite (M3). HPLC-MS/MS analysis indicated that M3 was a methoxylated metabolite of fisetin (MW=300 Da). The UV spectrum of M3 was identical to that of fisetin and standard 3,4',7-trihydroxy-3'-methoxyflavone (geraldol). In addition, because M3 co-eluted with standard geraldol in 4 different chromatographic ternary gradient conditions, M3 was therefore assigned to geraldol. Of interest, this metabolite was shown to achieve higher concentrations than fisetin in Lewis lung tumors. We also compared the cytotoxic and antiangiogenic activities of fisetin and geraldol in vitro and it was found that the latter was more cytotoxic than the parent compound toward tumor cells, and that it could also inhibit endothelial cells migration and proliferation. In conclusion, these results suggest that fisetin metabolism plays an important role in its in vivo anticancer activities.

Published
2011

12. Identification and induction of cytochrome P450s involved in the metabolism of flavone-8-acetic acid in mice.: Identification of mouse Cyps involved in FAA metabolism

Author

Pham, Minh Hien, Rhinn, Hervé, Auzeil, Nicolas, Regazzetti, Anne, Harami, Djamel Eddine, Scherman, Daniel, Chabot, Guy, Chabot, Guy, Unité de pharmacologie chimique et génétique et d'imagerie (UPCGI - UMR 8151 / UMR_S 1022 ), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie et Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire (EA 4463), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Inserm, CNRS, and Institut National du Cancer (INCa)

Subjects
Flavonoids, MESH: Enzyme Induction, MESH: Microsomes, Liver, flavone-8-acetic acid, cytochrome P450, MESH: Epoxide Hydrolases, MESH: Hydroxylation, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, MESH: Acetylcysteine, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, MESH: Mice, Inbred C57BL, MESH: Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System, MESH: Animals, microsomes, metabolism, induction, MESH: Female, MESH: Flavonoids, MESH: Mice
Abstract

International audience; The metabolism of flavone-8-acetic acid (FAA) has been hypothesized to be partly responsible for its potent anticancer activity in mice. The purpose of this study was to identify the mouse enzymes involved in FAA Phase I metabolism and evaluate their possible induction in vivo by FAA. Mouse microsomes metabolized FAA into 6 metabolites: 3',4'-dihydrodiol-FAA, 5,6-epoxy-FAA, 4'-OH-FAA, 3'-OH-FAA, 3',4'-epoxy-FAA and 6-OH-FAA. Using Cyp-specific inhibitors (furafylline, Cyp1a2; α-naphthoflavone, Cyp1b1; tranylcypromine, Cyp2b9; quercetin, Cyp2c29; quinidine, 2d9; diethyldithiocarbamate, Cyp2e1; ketoconazole, Cyp3a11), the formation of 5,6-epoxy-FAA was mainly attributed to Cyps 1a2, 1b1, 2b9, 2c29 and 2e1, whereas the 3',4'-epoxy-FAA was formed by Cyps 2b9 and 3a11. The 4'-OH-FAA was generated by Cyps 1a2, 1b1, 2b9 and 2e1, and the 6-OH-FAA was formed by Cyps 1b1 and 2c9. Using the epoxide scavenger N-acetyl cysteine, 4'-OH-FAA, 3'-OH-FAA and 6-OH-FAA were shown to derive partly from non enzymatic isomerisation of their corresponding epoxides. The specific epoxide hydrolase inhibitor elaidamide allowed the confirmation that 3',4'-dihydrodiol-FAA was formed via the epoxide hydrolase. FAA treatment in vivo in mice led to a significant increase in the hepatic expression of Cyp1a2 (1.9-fold), 2e1 (2.1-fold), 2b10 (3.2-fold), 2d9 (2.3-fold) and 3a11 (2.2-fold), as evaluated by qRT-PCR. In conclusion, several Cyps were shown to be involved in FAA metabolism, particularly Cyps 3a11 and 2b9 which were responsible for the formation of the principal metabolites (5,6-epoxy-FAA, 3',4'-epoxy-FAA), and that FAA could induce the expression of several Cyps after in vivo administration. The possible implication of these enzymes in the in vivo anticancer activity of FAA in mice is discussed.

Published
2011

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