137 results on '"Mckenna, Peter J."'
Search Results
2. Negative schizophrenic symptoms as prefrontal cortex dysfunction: Examination using a task measuring goal neglect
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Fuentes-Claramonte, Paola, Ramiro, Núria, Torres, Llanos, Argila-Plaza, Isabel, Salgado-Pineda, Pilar, Soler-Vidal, Joan, García-León, María Ángeles, Albacete, Auria, Bosque, Clara, Panicalli, Francesco, Boix, Ester, Munuera, Josep, Tristany, Josep, Sarró, Salvador, Bernardo, Miquel, Salvador, Raymond, McKenna, Peter J., and Pomarol-Clotet, Edith
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- 2022
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3. Auditory hallucinations activate language and verbal short-term memory, but not auditory, brain regions
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Fuentes-Claramonte, Paola, Soler-Vidal, Joan, Salgado-Pineda, Pilar, García-León, María Ángeles, Ramiro, Nuria, Santo-Angles, Aniol, Llanos Torres, María, Tristany, Josep, Guerrero-Pedraza, Amalia, Munuera, Josep, Sarró, Salvador, Salvador, Raymond, Hinzen, Wolfram, McKenna, Peter J., and Pomarol-Clotet, Edith
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- 2021
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4. Gene Expression Analysis in Schizophrenia: Reproducible up-Regulation of Several Members of the Apolipoprotein L Family Located in a High-Susceptibility Locus for Schizophrenia on Chromosome 22
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Mimmack, Michael L., Ryan, Margaret, Baba, Hajime, Navarro-Ruiz, Juani, Iritani, Shuji, McKenna, Peter J., Jones, Peter B., Arai, Heii, Starkey, Michael, Emson, Piers C., and Bahn, Sabine
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- 2002
5. Going against the Grain: Wood Production in Chacoan Society
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Windes, Thomas C. and McKenna, Peter J.
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- 2001
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6. Fingerprints as Predictors of Schizophrenia: A Deep Learning Study
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Salvador, Raymond, García-León, María Ángeles, Feria-Raposo, Isabel, Botillo-Martín, Carlota, Martín-Lorenzo, Carlos, Corte-Souto, Carmen, Aguilar-Valero, Tania, Gil-Sanz, David, Porta-Pelayo, David, Martín-Carrasco, Manuel, Del Olmo-Romero, Francisco, Santiago-Bautista, Jose Maria, Herrero-Muñecas, Pilar, Castillo-Oramas, Eglee, Larrubia-Romero, Jesús, Rios-Alvarado, Zoila, Larraz-Romeo, José Antonio, Guardiola-Ripoll, Maria, Almodóvar-Payá, Carmen, Fatjó-Vilas Mestre, Mar, Sarró, Salvador, McKenna, Peter J, HHFingerprints Group, Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Unión Europea. Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER/ERDF), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - CIBERSAM (Salud Mental), and Government of Catalonia (España)
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Artificial intelligence ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Diagnosis ,Machine learning ,Schizophrenia ,Dermatoglyphics - Abstract
Background and hypothesis: The existing developmental bond between fingerprint generation and growth of the central nervous system points to a potential use of fingerprints as risk markers in schizophrenia. However, the high complexity of fingerprints geometrical patterns may require flexible algorithms capable of characterizing such complexity. Study design: Based on an initial sample of scanned fingerprints from 612 patients with a diagnosis of non-affective psychosis and 844 healthy subjects, we have built deep learning classification algorithms based on convolutional neural networks. Previously, the general architecture of the network was chosen from exploratory fittings carried out with an independent fingerprint dataset from the National Institute of Standards and Technology. The network architecture was then applied for building classification algorithms (patients vs controls) based on single fingers and multi-input models. Unbiased estimates of classification accuracy were obtained by applying a 5-fold cross-validation scheme. Study results: The highest level of accuracy from networks based on single fingers was achieved by the right thumb network (weighted validation accuracy = 68%), while the highest accuracy from the multi-input models was attained by the model that simultaneously used images from the left thumb, index and middle fingers (weighted validation accuracy = 70%). Conclusion: Although fitted models were based on data from patients with a well established diagnosis, since fingerprints remain lifelong stable after birth, our results imply that fingerprints may be applied as early predictors of psychosis. Specially, if they are used in high prevalence subpopulations such as those of individuals at high risk for psychosis. This work was supported by several grants funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III and the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund/European Social Fund “Investing in your future”): Miguel Servet Research Contract (CPII13/00018 to RS, CPII16/00018 to EP-C, CP20/00072 to MF-V), PFIS Contract (FI19/0352 to MG-R). Research Mobility programme (MV18/00054 to EP-C), Research Projects (PI18/00877 and PI21/00525 to RS). It has also been supported by the Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental and the Generalitat de Catalunya: 2014SGR1573 and 2017SGR1365 to EP-C and SLT008/18/00206 to IF-R from the Departament de Salut. The authors have declared that there are no conflicts of interest in relation to the subject of this study. Sí
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- 2022
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7. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for schizophrenia - outcomes for functioning, distress and quality of life: a meta-analysis
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Laws, Keith R., Darlington, Nicole, Kondel, Tejinder K., McKenna, Peter J., and Jauhar, Sameer
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- 2018
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8. What works in schizophrenia
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Haddad, Peter M, Niaz, Omair, and McKenna, Peter J
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- 2006
9. A Multisite, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of Computerized Cognitive Remediation Therapy for Schizophrenia
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Gomar, Jesús J., Valls, Elia, Radua, Joaquim, Mareca, Celia, Tristany, Josep, del Olmo, Francisco, Rebolleda-Gil, Carlos, Jañez-Álvarez, María, de Álvaro, Francisco J., Ovejero, María R., Llorente, Ana, Teixidó, Cristina, Donaire, Ana M., García-Laredo, Eduardo, Lazcanoiturburu, Andrea, Granell, Luis, Mozo, Cristina de Pablo, Pérez-Hernández, Mónica, Moreno-Alcázar, Ana, Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, and McKenna, Peter J.
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- 2015
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10. Brain functional changes across the different phases of bipolar disorder
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Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, Alonso-Lana, Silvia, Moro, Noemi, Sarró, Salvador, Bonnin, Mar C., Goikolea, José M., Fernández-Corcuera, Paloma, Amann, Benedikt L., Romaguera, Anna, Vieta, Eduard, Blanch, Josep, McKenna, Peter J., and Salvador, Raymond
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- 2015
11. Brain imaging correlates of self- and other-reflection in schizophrenia
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Fuentes-Claramonte, Paola, Martin-Subero, Marta, Salgado-Pineda, Pilar, Santo-Angles, Aniol, Argila-Plaza, Isabel, Salavert, Josep, Arévalo, Antoni, Bosque, Clara, Sarri, Carmen, Guerrero-Pedraza, Amalia, Capdevila, Antoni, Sarró, Salvador, McKenna, Peter J., Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, Salvador, Raymond, and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
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Male ,Social Cognition ,Theory of Mind ,Precuneus ,lcsh:RC346-429 ,Temporo-parietal junction ,0302 clinical medicine ,Semantic memory ,Prefrontal cortex ,fMRI ,05 social sciences ,Brain ,Regular Article ,Cognition ,Middle Aged ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Neurology ,Schizophrenia ,lcsh:R858-859.7 ,Female ,Schizophrenic Psychology ,Adult ,Psychosis ,Other-reflection ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,050105 experimental psychology ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Neuroimaging ,Social cognition ,Fmri ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,business.industry ,Self-reflection ,medicine.disease ,Self Concept ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Highlights • Self- and other-reflection in schizophrenia were studied with fMRI. • Patients failed to activate the right temporo-parietal junction in other-reflection. • They also hyperactivated lateral prefrontal cortex for self and other-reflection. • These findings might be linked to altered self/other processing in schizophrenia., Background An alteration in self/other differentiation has been proposed as a basis for several symptoms in schizophrenia, including delusions of reference and social functioning deficits. Dysfunction of the right temporo-parietal junction (TPJ), a region linked with social cognition, has been proposed as the basis of this alteration. However, imaging studies of self- and other-processing in schizophrenia have shown, so far, inconsistent results. Methods Patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls underwent fMRI scanning while performing a task with three conditions: self-reflection, other-reflection and semantic processing. Results Both groups activated similar brain regions for self- and other-reflection compared to semantic processing, including the medial prefrontal cortex, the precuneus and the TPJ. Compared to healthy subjects, patients hyperactivated the left lateral frontal cortex during self- and other-reflection. In other-reflection, compared to self-reflection, patients failed to increase right TPJ activity. Conclusions Altered activity in the right TPJ supports a disturbance in self/other differentiation in schizophrenia, which could be linked with psychotic symptoms and affect social functioning in patients. Hyperactivity of the lateral frontal cortex for self- and other-reflection suggests the presence of greater cognitive demand to perform the task in the patient group.
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- 2021
12. Conciencia de déficit cognitivo en la esquizofrenia y su relación con la conciencia de enfermedad mental : correlatos con las características clínicas, la función cognitiva y los cambios cerebrales estructurales
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Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, McKenna, Peter J., Tobeña, Adolf, González Suárez, Beatriz, Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, McKenna, Peter J., Tobeña, Adolf, and González Suárez, Beatriz
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La manca de consciència de malaltia mental és una característica prevalent en l'esquizofrènia, i la seva relació amb altres variables clíniques, cognitives i / o neuroanatòmiques ha estat un tema freqüent de recerca, tot i que els resultats són inconsistents. Segons la concepció multidimensional que preval actualment, el insight està compost per tres facetes que poden aparèixer dissociades. En aquest context, ha augmentat l'interès per valorar una altra faceta potencial, el grau de consciència que els pacients amb esquizofrènia tenen dels seus dèficits cognitius. La consciència de dèficit cognitiu en l'esquizofrènia és un aspecte relativament poc investigat, i la seva relació amb la consciència de malaltia mental i amb els seus possibles variables etiològiques encara no s'ha aclarit. L'objectiu general d'aquesta tesi va ser estudiar la consciència de dèficit en l'esquizofrènia i la seva relació amb l'insight clínic. Es va examinar també la relació de les dues dimensions amb variables clíniques, cognitives i d'estructura cerebral amb la intenció d'identificar possibles patrons diferencials de relació amb les dues classes de falta de consciència. En el primer estudi es va examinar la consciència de dèficit cognitiu en una mostra de 42 pacients amb esquizofrènia crònica hospitalitzats i la seva relació amb la simptomatologia, la funció executiva, la memòria, l'insight clínic i l'estructura cerebral. La valoració de la consciència de dèficit es va dur a terme comparant l'autoinforme del pacient i l'avaluació cognitiva objectiva, i amb el càlcul de la puntuació de discrepància entre l'autoinforme del pacient i el de l'informant sobre el funcionament cognitiu de el primer. El insight clínic va ser valorat mitjançant l'escala SUMD (Scale to Assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder). Els resultats indicaven que la majoria dels pacients eren poc conscients dels dèficits cognitius presents, sense que aquesta manca de consciència estigués relacionada amb variables clíniques ni co, La falta de conciencia de enfermedad mental es una característica prevalente en la esquizofrenia, y su relación con otras variables clínicas, cognitivas y/o neuroanatómicas ha sido un tema frecuente de investigación, aunque los resultados son inconsistentes. Según la concepción multidimensional que prevalece actualmente, el insight está compuesto por tres facetas que pueden aparecer disociadas. En este contexto, ha aumentado el interés por valorar otra faceta potencial, el grado de conciencia que los pacientes con esquizofrenia tienen de sus déficits cognitivos. La conciencia de déficit cognitivo en la esquizofrenia es un aspecto relativamente poco investigado, y su relación con la conciencia de enfermedad mental y con sus posibles variables etiológicas aún no se ha clarificado. El objetivo general de esta tesis fue estudiar la conciencia de déficit en la esquizofrenia y su relación con el insight clínico. Se examinó también la relación de ambas dimensiones con variables clínicas, cognitivas y de estructura cerebral con la intención de identificar posibles patrones diferenciales de relación con las dos clases de falta de conciencia. En el primer estudio se examinó la conciencia de déficit cognitivo en una muestra de 42 pacientes con esquizofrenia crónica hospitalizados y su relación con la sintomatología, la función ejecutiva, la memoria, el insight clínico y la estructura cerebral. La valoración de la conciencia de déficit se llevó a cabo comparando el autoinforme del paciente y la evaluación cognitiva objetiva, y con el cálculo de la puntuación de discrepancia entre el autoinforme del paciente y el del informante sobre el funcionamiento cognitivo del primero. El insight clínico fue valorado mediante la escala SUMD (Scale to Assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder). Los resultados indicaban que la mayoría de los pacientes eran poco conscientes de los déficits cognitivos presentes, sin que dicha falta de conciencia estuviera relacionada con variables clínicas ni cogni, Lack of awareness of mental illness or poor insight is prevalent in schizophrenia, and its relationship with other clinical, cognitive and/or neuroanatomical variables has been the subject of significant investigation, although the results are inconsistent. According to a widely held current vies, insight is a multidimensional construct whose different aspects may be dissociated from one another, ie awareness of illness, awareness of the need for treatment and ability to label symptoms as pathological. In this context, there has recently been increased interest in another potential aspect of lack of insight in schizophrenia, the lack of awareness that patients have concerning their cognitive deficits. Nevertheless, awareness of cognitive deficit in schizophrenia remains relatively under-researched, and its relationship with awareness of mental illness and its possible etiological variables remains unclear. The general objective of this thesis was to examine lack of awareness of cognitive deficit in schizophrenia and its relationship with clinical insight. The relationship of both aspects of insight with clinical, cognitive, and neuroanatomical variables was also examined with the intention of identifying possible differential patterns between the two types of symptom. The first study examined cognitive deficit awareness in a sample of 42 hospitalized chronic schizophrenia patients, in relation to symptoms, memory and executive function, clinical insight and brain structure. Symptoms were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS), obtaining scores for positive, negative, disorganized syndromes and depressive symptoms. Executive function and memory were assessed using two test batteries, the Behavioral Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome (BADS) and the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test (RBMT), respectively. Assessment of awareness of cognitive deficit was carried out by means of comparison between the patient's self-report and objective cognit, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Psiquiatria
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- 2021
13. Current and future treatment modalities in schizophrenia: novel antipsychotic drugs and cognitive therapy
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McKenna, Peter J and Mortimer, Ann M
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- 2014
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14. Structural brain changes associated with tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia
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Sarró, Salvador, Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, Canales-Rodríguez, Erick J., Salvador, Raymond, Gomar, Jesús J., Ortiz-Gil, Jordi, Landín-Romero, Ramón, Vila-Rodríguez, Fidel, Blanch, Josep, and McKenna, Peter J.
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- 2013
15. Neural correlates of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia
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Ortiz-Gil, Jordi, Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, Salvador, Raymond, Canales-Rodríguez, Erick J., Sarró, Salvador, Gomar, Jesús J., Guerrero, Amalia, Sans-Sansa, Bibiana, Capdevila, Antoni, Junqué, Carme, and McKenna, Peter J.
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- 2011
16. Methodological Biases in CBT Trial—Commentary: Modular Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Affective Symptoms in Young Individuals at Ultra-High Risk of First Episode of Psychosis: Randomized Controlled Trial
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Fusar-Poli, Paolo, primary, Radua, Joaquim, additional, McKenna, Peter J., additional, Laws, Keith, additional, Davies, Cathy, additional, and Jauhar, Sameer, additional
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- 2020
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17. Structural abnormality in schizophrenia versus bipolar disorder: A whole brain cortical thickness, surface area, volume and gyrification analyses
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Madre, Mercè, primary, Canales-Rodríguez, Erick J., additional, Fuentes-Claramonte, Paola, additional, Alonso-Lana, Silvia, additional, Salgado-Pineda, Pilar, additional, Guerrero-Pedraza, Amalia, additional, Moro, Noemí, additional, Bosque, Clara, additional, Gomar, Jesús J., additional, Ortíz-Gil, Jordi, additional, Goikolea, José M., additional, Bonnin, Caterina M, additional, Vieta, Eduard, additional, Sarró, Salvador, additional, Maristany, Teresa, additional, McKenna, Peter J., additional, Salvador, Raymond, additional, and Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, additional
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- 2020
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18. Brain imaging correlates of self- and other-reflection in schizophrenia
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Fuentes-Claramonte, Paola, primary, Martin-Subero, Marta, additional, Salgado-Pineda, Pilar, additional, Santo-Angles, Aniol, additional, Argila-Plaza, Isabel, additional, Salavert, Josep, additional, Arévalo, Antoni, additional, Bosque, Clara, additional, Sarri, Carmen, additional, Guerrero-Pedraza, Amalia, additional, Capdevila, Antoni, additional, Sarró, Salvador, additional, McKenna, Peter J., additional, Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, additional, and Salvador, Raymond, additional
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- 2020
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19. Deep brain stimulation in treatment resistant schizophrenia: A pilot randomized cross-over clinical trial
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Corripio, Iluminada, primary, Roldán, Alexandra, additional, Sarró, Salvador, additional, McKenna, Peter J., additional, Alonso-Solís, Anna, additional, Rabella, Mireia, additional, Díaz, Anna, additional, Puigdemont, Dolors, additional, Pérez-Solà, Víctor, additional, Álvarez, Enric, additional, Arévalo, Antonio, additional, Padilla, Pedro P., additional, Ruiz-Idiago, Jesus M., additional, Rodríguez, Rodrigo, additional, Molet, Joan, additional, Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, additional, and Portella, Maria J., additional
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- 2020
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20. Overall Brain Connectivity Maps Show Cortico-Subcortical Abnormalities in Schizophrenia
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Salvador, Raymond, Sarró, Salvador, Gomar, Jesús J., Ortiz-Gil, Jordi, Vila, Fidel, Capdevila, Antoni, Bullmore, Ed, McKenna, Peter J., and Pomarol-Clotet, Edith
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- 2010
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21. Pernicious anaemia presenting as catatonia without signs of anaemia or macrocytosis
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Jauhar, Sameer, Blackett, Allison, Srireddy, Pavan, and McKenna, Peter J.
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- 2010
22. IQ-Related fMRI Differences during Cognitive Set Shifting
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Graham, Steven, Jiang, Jiaying, Manning, Victoria, Nejad, Ayna Baladi, Zhisheng, Koh, Salleh, Shan R., Golay, Xavier, Berne, Yeh Ing, and McKenna, Peter J.
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- 2010
23. The interfering effects of frequent auditory verbal hallucinations on shadowing performance in schizophrenia (letter to the editor)
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Hinzen, Wolfram, Fuentes-Claramonte, Paola, Soler, Joan, Ramiro-Sousa, Nuria, Rodriguez-Martinez, Alfonso, Sarri-Closa, Carmen, Sarró, Salvador, Larrubia, Jesús, Pablo Padilla, Pablo, McKenna, Peter J., and Pomarol-Clotet, Edith
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Auditory verbal hallucinations ,Inner speech ,Verbal shadowing - Abstract
Currently, two broad theoretical approaches to auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) in schizophrenia are recognized (Jones, 2010). The ‘neurological’ model proposes that they are essentially perceptual in nature, arising from pathological overactivity in brain systems devoted to auditory perception. In contrast, the ‘cognitive’ model maintains that they are due to a failure to recognize internal, non-perceptual stimuli – for example, inner speech, mental imagery or intrusive memories – as being self-generated. While the latter approach has been tested in a variety of experimental paradigms (Waters et al., 2012), the main support for the neurological model is circumstantial, coming from clinical observations that auditory phenomena, up to and including people speaking, are sometimes can be seen in patients with epilepsy (Bisulli et al., 2004) or elicited by electrical stimulation of the superior temporal gyrus in patients undergoing neurosurgery (Penfield and Perot, 1963). Financial support: Catalonian Government (2017-SGR-1271 and 2017-SGR-1265 to FIDMAG); Miguel Servet Research Contract (CPII16/00018 to EP-C), Juan de la Cierva-formación Contract (FJCC-2015-02285) and Research Project Grants (PI14/01148 to EP-C, PI14/01691 to P.M. and FFI2016-77647-C2 to WH). WH was additionally supported by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO, Spanish Government, grants FFI2013-40526P, FFI 042177665-77665-4-16).
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- 2019
24. Shared and differential default-mode related patterns of activity in an autobiographical, a self-referential and an attentional task
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Fuentes-Claramonte, Paola, Martín-Subero, Marta, Salgado-Pineda, Pilar, Alonso-Lana, Silvia, Moreno Alcázar, Ana, Argila-Plaza, Isabel, Santo-Angles, Aniol, Albajes-Eizagirre, Anton, Anguera-Camós, Maria, Capdevila, Antoni, Sarró, Salvador, McKenna, Peter J., Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, Salvador, Raymond, and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
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Male ,Self-Assessment ,Social Sciences ,Hippocampus ,Task (project management) ,Cognition ,Learning and Memory ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neural Pathways ,Task Performance and Analysis ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Psychology ,Attention ,Cervell ,Prefrontal cortex ,Default mode network ,Cerebral Cortex ,Brain Mapping ,Multidisciplinary ,05 social sciences ,Brain ,Middle Aged ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Temporal Lobe ,Memory, Short-Term ,Memory Recall ,Medicine ,Female ,Anatomy ,Research Article ,Cognitive psychology ,Adult ,Adolescent ,Science ,Memory, Episodic ,Prefrontal Cortex ,050105 experimental psychology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,Memory ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Set (psychology) ,Aged ,Cingulate Cortex ,Recall ,Autobiographical memory ,Working memory ,Cognitive Psychology ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Mental Recall ,Cognitive Science ,Nerve Net ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Neuroscience ,Memòria - Abstract
The default-mode network (DMN) comprises a set of brain regions that show deactivations during performance of attentionally demanding tasks, but also activation during certain processes including recall of autobiographical memories and processing information about oneself, among others. However, the DMN is not activated in a homogeneous manner during performance of such tasks, so it is not clear to what extent its activation patterns correspond to deactivation patterns seen during attention-demanding tasks. In this fMRI study we compared patterns of activation in response to an autobiographical memory task to those observed in a self/other-reflection task, and compared both to deactivations observed during the n-back working memory task. Autobiographical recall and self-reflection activated several common DMN areas, which were also deactivated below baseline levels by the n-back task. Activation in the medial temporal lobe was seen during autobiographical recall but not the self/other task, and right angular gyrus activity was specifically linked to other-reflection. ROI analysis showed that most, but not all DMN regions were activated above baseline levels during the autobiographical memory and self-reflection tasks. Our results provide evidence for the usefulness of the autobiographical memory task to study DMN activity and support the notion of interacting subsystems within this network.
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- 2019
25. What works in schizophrenia: Cognitive behaviour therapy is not effective
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McKenna, Peter J
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- 2006
26. Functional dysconnectivity in schizophrenia associated with attentional modulation of motor function
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Honey, Garry D., Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, Corlett, Philip R., Honey, Rebekah A. E., Mckenna, Peter J., Bullmore, Edward T., and Fletcher, Paul C.
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- 2005
27. Simple Schizophrenia Revisited: A Clinical, Neuropsychological, and Neuroimaging Analysis of Nine Cases
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Serra-Mestres, Jordi, Gregory, Carol A., Tandon, Subash, Stansfield, Alison J., Kemp, Paul M., and McKenna, Peter J.
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- 2000
28. Cortical brain abnormalities in 4474 individuals with schizophrenia and 5098 controls via the ENIGMA consortium
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van Erp, Theo GM., Walton, Esther, Hibar, Derrek P., Schmaal, Lianne, Jiang, Wenhao, Glahn, David C., Pearlson, Godfrey D., Yao, Nailin, Fukunaga, Masaki, Hashimoto, Ryota, Okada, Naohiro, Yamamori, Hidenaga, Bustillo, Juan R., Clark, Vincent P., Agartz, Ingrid, Mueller, Bryon A., Cahn, Wiepke, de Zwarte, Sonja MC., Hulshoff Pol, Hilleke E., Kahn, René S., Ophoff, Roel A., van Haren, Neeltje EM., Andreassen, Ole A., Dale, Anders M., Doan, Nhat Trung, Gurholt, Tiril P., Hartberg, Cecilie B., Haukvik, Unn K., Jørgensen, Kjetil N., Lagerberg, Trine V., Melle, Ingrid, Westlye, Lars T., Gruber, Oliver, Kraemer, Bernd, Richter, Anja, Zilles, David, Calhoun, Vince D., Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Roiz-Santiañez, Roberto, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, Loughland, Carmel, Carr, Vaughan J., Catts, Stanley, Cropley, Vanessa L., Fullerton, Janice M., Green, Melissa J., Henskens, Frans, Jablensky, Assen, Lenroot, Rhoshel K., Mowry, Bryan J., Michie, Patricia T., Pantelis, Christos, Quidé, Yann, Schall, Ulrich, Scott, Rodney J., Cairns, Murray J., Seal, Marc, Tooney, Paul A., Rasser, Paul E., Cooper, Gavin, Weickert, Cynthia Shannon, Weickert, Thomas W., Morris, Derek W., Hong, Elliot, Kochunov, Peter, Beard, Lauren M., Gur, Raquel E., Gur, Ruben C., Satterthwaite, Theodore D., Wolf, Daniel H., Belger, Aysenil, Brown, Gregory G., Ford, Judith M., Macciardi, Fabio, Mathalon, Daniel H., O’Leary, Daniel S., Potkin, Steven G., Preda, Adrian, Voyvodic, James, Lim, Kelvin O., McEwen, Sarah, Yang, Fude, Tan, Yunlong, Tan, Shuping, Wang, Zhiren, Fan, Fengmei, Chen, Jingxu, Xiang, Hong, Tang, Shiyou, Guo, Hua, Wan, Ping, Wei, Dong, Bockholt, Henry J., Ehrlich, Stefan, Wolthusen, Rick PF., King, Margaret D., Shoemaker, Jody M., Sponheim, Scott R., De Haan, Lieuwe, Koenders, Laura, Machielsen, Marise W., van Amelsvoort, Therese, Veltman, Dick J., Assogna, Francesca, Banaj, Nerisa, de Rossi, Pietro, Iorio, Mariangela, Piras, Fabrizio, Spalletta, Gianfranco, McKenna, Peter J., Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, Salvador, Raymond, Corvin, Aiden, Donohoe, Gary, Kelly, Sinead, Whelan, Christopher D., Dickie, Erin W., Rotenberg, David, Voineskos, Aristotle, Ciufolini, Simone, Radua, Joaquim, Dazzan, Paola, Murray, Robin, Marques, Tiago Reis, Simmons, Andrew, Borgwardt, Stefan, Egloff, Laura, Harrisberger, Fabienne, Riecher-Rössler, Anita, Smieskova, Renata, Alpert, Kathryn I., Wang, Lei, Jönsson, Erik G., Koops, Sanne, Sommer, Iris EC., Bertolino, Alessandro, Bonvino, Aurora, Di Giorgio, Annabella, Neilson, Emma, Mayer, Andrew R., Stephen, Julia M., Kwon, Jun Soo, Yun, Je-Yeon, Cannon, Dara M., McDonald, Colm, Lebedeva, Irina, Tomyshev, Alexander S., Akhadov, Tolibjohn, Kaleda, Vasily, Fatouros-Bergman, Helena, Flyckt, Lena, Busatto, Geraldo F., Rosa, Pedro GP., Serpa, Mauricio H., Zanetti, Marcus V., Hoschl, Cyril, Skoch, Antonin, Spaniel, Filip, Tomecek, David, Hagenaars, Saskia P., McIntosh, Andrew M., Whalley, Heather C., Lawrie, Stephen M., Knöchel, Christian, Oertel-Knöchel, Viola, Stäblein, Michael, Howells, Fleur M., Stein, Dan J., Temmingh, Henk, Uhlmann, Anne, Lopez-Jaramillo, Carlos, Dima, Danai, McMahon, Agnes, Faskowitz, Joshua I., Gutman, Boris A., Jahanshad, Neda, Thompson, Paul M., and Turner, Jessica A.
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Data Aggregation ,Schizophrenia ,Brain ,Humans ,Cooperative Behavior ,Social Behavior ,Article - Abstract
BACKGROUND. The profile of cortical neuroanatomical abnormalities in schizophrenia is not fully understood, despite hundreds of published structural brain imaging studies. This study presents the first meta-analysis of cortical thickness and surface area abnormalities in schizophrenia conducted by the ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics Through Meta Analysis) Schizophrenia Working Group. METHOD. The study included data from 4474 individuals with schizophrenia (mean age=32.3, range: 11–78; 66% male) and 5098 healthy volunteers (mean age=32.8, range: 10–87; 53% male), assessed with standardized methods, at 39 centers worldwide. RESULTS. Compared to healthy volunteers, individuals with schizophrenia have widespread thinner cortex (left/right hemisphere: Cohen’s d=−0.530/−0.516) and smaller surface area (left/right hemisphere: d=−0.251/−0.254), with the largest effect sizes for both in frontal and temporal lobe regions. Regional group differences in cortical thickness remained significant when statistically controlling for global cortical thickness, suggesting regional specificity. In contrast, the effects for cortical surface area appear global. Case-control, negative, cortical thickness effect sizes were 2 to 3 times larger in antipsychotic medicated relative to unmedicated individuals. Negative correlations between age and bilateral temporal pole thickness were stronger in individuals with schizophrenia than in healthy volunteers. Regional cortical thickness showed significant negative correlations with normalized medication dose, symptom severity, and duration of illness, and positive correlations with age at onset. CONCLUSIONS. The findings indicate that the ENIGMA meta-analysis approach can achieve robust findings in clinical neuroscience studies; also, medication effects should be taken into account in future genetic association studies of cortical thickness in schizophrenia.
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- 2018
29. Alteraciones estructurales del cerebro asociadas a la presencia de discinesia tardía en la esquizofrenia
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Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, McKenna, Peter J., Sarró Maluquer, Salvador, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Psiquiatria i de Medicina Legal., Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, McKenna, Peter J., Sarró Maluquer, Salvador, and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Psiquiatria i de Medicina Legal.
- Abstract
La discinesia tardía se observó por primera vez como un efecto secundario tardío de los fármacos antipsicóticos a finales de la década de 1950. Aparece como movimientos involuntarios simples o complejos, repetitivos e involuntarios que típicamente afectan la cara y las extremidades, aunque puede afectar cualquier grupo muscular del cuerpo. La etiología de la discinesia tardía permanece desconocida, pero dado que a veces se pueden observar movimientos similares en pacientes con esquizofrenia no tratados, actualmente se considera que representa una interacción entre el tratamiento farmacológico y algún aspecto del proceso de la propia enfermedad. Los movimientos involuntarios de la discinesia tardía son muy similares a los observados en trastornos neurológicos como la coreoatetosis y la distonía, por lo que desde hace mucho tiempo se sospecha que los ganglios basales desempeñan un papel clave en su patogénesis. Sin embargo, los estudios de imágenes estructurales, primero usando tomografía computerizada (TC) y posteriormente con resonancia magnética (RM), no han encontrado evidencia consistente de que la discinesia tardía esté asociada con cambios de volumen en estas u otras estructuras cerebrales. El objetivo del presente estudio fue examinar si existían cambios estructurales cerebrales asociados a la discinesia tardía, utilizando imágenes estructurales basadas en vóxeles de todo el cerebro. Se compararon grupos relativamente grandes de pacientes con esquizofrenia con y sin discinesia tardía. También se examinó a un grupo de controles sanos. Treinta y dos pacientes con esquizofrenia con discinesia tardía y 49 pacientes sin discinesia tardía, apareados por edad, sexo y coeficiente intelectual premórbido, fueron examinados usando morfometría optimizada basada en vóxeles de todo el cerebro. También se examinó un grupo de comparación de 61 adultos sanos, bien apareados con ambos grupos de pacientes por edad, sexo y nivel intelectual premórbido. Los pacientes con discinesi, Tardive dyskinesia was first observed as a late appearing side-effect of antipsychotic drugs in the late 1950s. It takes the form of simple or complex involuntary movements that typically affect the face and extremities, although it can affect any part of the body. The aetiology of tardive dyskinesia remains unknown but based on evidence that similar movements can sometimes be seen in untreated patients with schizophrenia, it is currently considered to represent an interaction between drug treatment and some aspect of the disease process of the disorder itself. Given that the involuntary movements of tardive dyskinesia are broadly similar to those seen in neurological disorders such as choreo-athetosis and dystonia, the basal ganglia have long been suspected to play a key role in its pathogenesis. However, structural imaging studies, first using computerized tomography (CT) and later using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), have not found consistent evidence that tardive dyskinesia is associated with volume changes in these or other brain structures. The aim of the present study was to re-examine the question of brain structural changes associated tardive dyskinesia, using whole brain, voxel based structural imaging. The design was to compare relatively large groups of patients with schizophrenia with and without tardive dyskinesia. A group of healthy controls were also examined. Thirty-two schizophrenic patients with tardive dyskinesia and 49 patients without tardive dyskinesia, matched on demographic variables, were examined using and whole-brain, optimised voxel-based morphometry. A comparison group of 61 healthy adults, who were matched by age, sex and premorbid intelligence quotient to both patient groups, was also examined. Compared to the patients without tardive dyskinesia, those with tardive dyskinesia showed a pattern of volume reductions in the frontal lobe, temporal, and subcortical structures, such as the thalamus and basal ganglia. Within the basal gang
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- 2018
30. Abnormalities in gray matter volume in patients with borderline personality disorder and their relation to lifetime depression : A VBM study
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Aguilar-Ortiz, Salvatore, Salgado-Pineda, Pilar, Marco-Pallarés, Josep, Pascual Mateos, Juan Carlos, Vega, Daniel, Soler, Joaquim, Brunel, Cristina, Martin Blanco, Ana, Soto, Angel, Ribas, Joan, Maristany, Teresa, Sarró, Salvador, Salvador, Raymond, Rodríguez-Fornells, Antoni, Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, McKenna, Peter J., Aguilar-Ortiz, Salvatore, Salgado-Pineda, Pilar, Marco-Pallarés, Josep, Pascual Mateos, Juan Carlos, Vega, Daniel, Soler, Joaquim, Brunel, Cristina, Martin Blanco, Ana, Soto, Angel, Ribas, Joan, Maristany, Teresa, Sarró, Salvador, Salvador, Raymond, Rodríguez-Fornells, Antoni, Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, and McKenna, Peter J.
- Abstract
Structural imaging studies of borderline personality disorder (BPD) have found regions of reduced cortical volume, but these have varied considerably across studies. Reduced hippocampus and amygdala volume have also been a regular finding in studies using conventional volumetric measurement. How far comorbid major depression, which is common in BPD and can also affect in brain structure, influences the findings is not clear. Seventy-six women with BPD and 76 matched controls were examined using whole-brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM). The hippocampus and amygdala were also measured, using both conventional volume measurement and VBM within a mask restricted to these two subcortical structures. Lifetime history of major depression was assessed using structured psychiatric interview. At a threshold of p = 0.05 corrected, the BPD patients showed clusters of volume reduction in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex bilaterally and in the pregenual/subgenual medial frontal cortex. There was no evidence of volume reductions in the hippocampus or amygdala, either on conventional volumetry or using VBM masked to these regions. Instead there was evidence of right-sided enlargement of these structures. No significant structural differences were found between patients with and without lifetime major depression. According to this study, BPD is characterized by a restricted pattern of cortical volume reduction involving the dorsolateral frontal cortex and the medial frontal cortex, both areas of potential relevance for the clinical features of the disorder. Previous findings concerning reduced hippocampus and amygdala volume in the disorder are not supported. Brain structural findings in BPD do not appear to be explainable on the basis of history of associated lifetime major depression.
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- 2018
31. Larger Gray Matter Volume in the Basal Ganglia of Heavy Cannabis Users Detected by Voxel-Based Morphometry and Subcortical Volumetric Analysis
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Moreno-Alcázar, Ana, primary, Gonzalvo, Begoña, additional, Canales-Rodríguez, Erick J., additional, Blanco, Laura, additional, Bachiller, Diana, additional, Romaguera, Anna, additional, Monté-Rubio, Gemma C., additional, Roncero, Carlos, additional, McKenna, Peter J., additional, and Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, additional
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- 2018
- Full Text
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32. Multimodal Brain Changes in First-Episode Mania: A Voxel-Based Morphometry, Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Connectivity Study
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Goikolea, José M, primary, Dima, Danai, additional, Landín-Romero, Ramón, additional, Torres, Imma, additional, DelVecchio, Giuseppe, additional, Valentí, Marc, additional, Amann, Benedikt L, additional, Bonnín, Caterina Mar, additional, McKenna, Peter J, additional, Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, additional, Frangou, Sophia, additional, and Vieta, Eduard, additional
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- 2018
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33. T152. NRN1 GENE AND FUNCTIONAL MRI: ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA PATIENTS AND HEALTHY SUBJECTS
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Almodóvar, Carmen, primary, Guardiola, Maria, additional, Salgado-Pineda, Pilar, additional, Moreno, Marcos, additional, Gallego, Carme, additional, Prats, Claudia, additional, Arias, Barbara, additional, Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, additional, McKenna, Peter J, additional, and Fatjó-Vilas, Mar, additional
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- 2018
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34. Abnormalities in gray matter volume in patients with borderline personality disorder and their relation to lifetime depression: A VBM study
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Aguilar-Ortiz, Salvatore, primary, Salgado-Pineda, Pilar, additional, Marco-Pallarés, Josep, additional, Pascual, Juan C., additional, Vega, Daniel, additional, Soler, Joaquim, additional, Brunel, Cristina, additional, Martin-Blanco, Ana, additional, Soto, Angel, additional, Ribas, Joan, additional, Maristany, Teresa, additional, Sarró, Salvador, additional, Salvador, Raymond, additional, Rodríguez-Fornells, Antoni, additional, Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, additional, and McKenna, Peter J., additional
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- 2018
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35. Déficits neurocognitivos y en cognición social en pacientes esquizofrénicos con un nivel preservado de funcionamiento intelectual general
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Labrador Encinas, Francisco J., Mckenna, Peter J., Pomarol Clotet, Edith, Rebolleda Gil, Carlos, Labrador Encinas, Francisco J., Mckenna, Peter J., Pomarol Clotet, Edith, and Rebolleda Gil, Carlos
- Abstract
Son múltiples las investigaciones que catalogan los déficits cognitivos como un rasgo universal de la esquizofrenia fruto de un anormal neurodesarrollo. Por otro lado, algunos estudios encuentran sujetos con diagnostico de esquizofrenia que presentan un nivel de inteligencia normal e inexistentes déficits cognitivos. Es evidente que de corroborarse la existencia de dichos pacientes, esto podría llegar a tener importantes repercusiones sobre la etiología de la enfermedad y los modelos neuropsicológicos asociados a la misma, ya que los déficits cognitivos dejarían de ser una condición indispensable en el caso de esta patología. Objetivos: El estudio empírico de la presente tesis tiene como primer objetivo arrojar luz sobre si realmente existen personas con diagnostico de esquizofrenia que no presentan ningún tipo de déficit neurocognitivo. En segundo lugar, aunque los déficits en cognición social están suficientemente constatados en esquizofrenia, no se conoce hasta que punto estos aparecen en la misma medida en el caso de aquellos pacientes que presentan un nivel preservado de funcionamiento intelectual general, por lo tanto, este es el segundo objetivo de la presente tesis. Finalmente, la tesis pretende examinar hasta qué punto el deterioro en cognición social en esquizofrenia se asocia con la alteración neurocognitiva Metodología: Para dar respuesta a estas preguntas, se reclutaron 80 pacientes con diagnostico de esquizofrenia y 30 sujetos sanos. Los 80 pacientes fueron separados en dos grupos de 40, basándose en las diferencias entre CI premórbido estimado y CI actual; Aquellos que mostraron diferencias superiores a 15 puntos entre CI premórbido y actual fueron clasificados como “intelectualmente afectados” y aquellos que mostraron diferencias menores o iguales a 15 fueron clasificado como “intelectualmente preservados”. Los tres grupos fueron evaluados empleando una batería destinada a medir, memoria, funciones ejecutivas, y cognición social. Resultados: Se encue, Many studies have argued that cognitive deficits in schizophrenia are a universal feature of the disorder that arise as the result of an abnormal neurodevelopmental process. In contrast to this view, some studies have documented the existence of schizophrenic patients in whom intelligence is unimpaired and who show an absence of cognitive deficits. It is evident that the existence of such patients has significant implications for the aetiology of schizophrenia and the neuropsychological models associated with it, given that cognitive deficits do not seem to be an unavoidable accompaniment of the disorder. Objectives: The empirical investigation carried out in this thesis had as its first objective to shed further light on the question of whether there really are patients with schizophrenia who do not show evidence of neurocognitive impairment. Secondly, although deficits in social cognition are well documented in schizophrenia, it is unknown to what extent these are seen in patients with preserved general intellectual functioning. The second objective of this thesis was to investigate this question. Finally, the thesis aimed to examine whether and to what extent impaired social cognition in schizophrenia is associated with neurocognitive impairment...
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- 2017
36. Can delusions be understood linguistically?
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Hinzen, Wolfram, Rosselló i Ximenes, Joana, and McKenna, Peter J.
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Cognition ,Schizophrenia ,Delusions ,Language - Abstract
Delusions are widely believed to reflect disturbed cognitive function, but the nature of this remains elusive. The "un-Cartesian" cognitive-linguistic hypothesis maintains (a) that there is no thought separate from language, that is, there is no distinct mental space removed from language where "thinking" takes place; and (b) that a somewhat broadened concept of grammar is responsible for bestowing meaning on propositions, and this among other things gives them their quality of being true or false. It is argued that a loss of propositional meaning explains why delusions are false, impossible and sometimes fantastic. A closely related abnormality, failure of linguistic embedding, can additionally account for why delusions are held with fixed conviction and are not adequately justified by the patient. The un-Cartesian linguistic approach to delusions has points of contact with Frith's theory that inability to form meta-representations underlies a range of schizophrenic symptoms. It may also be relevant to the nature of the "second factor" in monothematic delusions in neurological disease. Finally, it can inform the current debate about whether or not delusions really are beliefs. This research was enabled by the Arts and Humanities Research Council UK, [grantnr. AH/L004070/1] (‘Language and mental health’), and the Spanish ministry for Education, Culture, and Sport, [grantnr. FFI2013-40526-P].
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- 2016
37. The Government's Milk Policy
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Warin, J. F. and McKenna, Peter J.
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- 1943
38. Evaluation of machine learning algorithms and structural features for optimal MRI-based diagnostic prediction in psychosis
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Salvador, Raymond, primary, Radua, Joaquim, additional, Canales-Rodríguez, Erick J., additional, Solanes, Aleix, additional, Sarró, Salvador, additional, Goikolea, José M., additional, Valiente, Alicia, additional, Monté, Gemma C., additional, Natividad, María del Carmen, additional, Guerrero-Pedraza, Amalia, additional, Moro, Noemí, additional, Fernández-Corcuera, Paloma, additional, Amann, Benedikt L., additional, Maristany, Teresa, additional, Vieta, Eduard, additional, McKenna, Peter J., additional, and Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, additional
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- 2017
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39. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy versus supportive therapy in affective relapse prevention in bipolar patients with a history of trauma: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
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Moreno-Alcázar, Ana, primary, Radua, Joaquim, additional, Landín-Romero, Ramon, additional, Blanco, Laura, additional, Madre, Mercè, additional, Reinares, Maria, additional, Comes, Mercè, additional, Jiménez, Esther, additional, Crespo, Jose Manuel, additional, Vieta, Eduard, additional, Pérez, Victor, additional, Novo, Patricia, additional, Doñate, Marta, additional, Cortizo, Romina, additional, Valiente-Gómez, Alicia, additional, Lupo, Walter, additional, McKenna, Peter J., additional, Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, additional, and Amann, Benedikt L., additional
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- 2017
- Full Text
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40. Multimodal Brain Changes in First-Episode Mania: A Voxel-Based Morphometry, Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Connectivity Study.
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Goikolea, José M, Dima, Danai, Landín-Romero, Ramón, Torres, Imma, DelVecchio, Giuseppe, Valentí, Marc, Amann, Benedikt L, Bonnín, Caterina Mar, McKenna, Peter J, Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, Frangou, Sophia, and Vieta, Eduard
- Subjects
DIAGNOSIS of bipolar disorder ,AGE distribution ,MAGNETIC resonance imaging ,BIPOLAR disorder ,SEX distribution ,TASK performance ,DISEASE progression - Abstract
Background Brain structural and functional changes in bipolar disorder (BD) are well-established findings, but it is uncertain whether these changes are already present in first episode mania (FEM). Methods We compared 31 FEM subjects, with 31 healthy individuals matched for age, sex, and premorbid IQ. Whole-brain voxel-wise morphometry, functional magnetic resonance imaging during the n -back task, and a functional connectivity analysis were performed. Results There were no volumetric differences between the 2 groups. During the 2-back task, FEM patients did not perform differently from controls and activated similar regions, but they showed less deactivation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), the anterior hub of the default mode network (DMN). They showed preserved functional connectivity between the vmPFC and other regions of the DMN, but increased connectivity with the superior frontal gyrus. Conclusions The absence of volumetric changes in FEM patients suggests that these changes could be related to progression of the illness. On the other hand, the failure of deactivation of the anterior hub of the DMN is present from the onset of the illness and may represent a core pathophysiological feature of BD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
- Full Text
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41. Déficits neurocognitivos y en cognición social en pacientes esquizofrénicos con un nivel preservado de funcionamiento intelectual general
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Rebolleda Gil, Carlos, Labrador Encinas, Francisco J., Mckenna, Peter J., Pomarol Clotet, Edith, Rebolleda Gil, Carlos, Labrador Encinas, Francisco J., Mckenna, Peter J., and Pomarol Clotet, Edith
- Abstract
Son múltiples las investigaciones que catalogan los déficits cognitivos como un rasgo universal de la esquizofrenia fruto de un anormal neurodesarrollo. Por otro lado, algunos estudios encuentran sujetos con diagnostico de esquizofrenia que presentan un nivel de inteligencia normal e inexistentes déficits cognitivos. Es evidente que de corroborarse la existencia de dichos pacientes, esto podría llegar a tener importantes repercusiones sobre la etiología de la enfermedad y los modelos neuropsicológicos asociados a la misma, ya que los déficits cognitivos dejarían de ser una condición indispensable en el caso de esta patología. Objetivos: El estudio empírico de la presente tesis tiene como primer objetivo arrojar luz sobre si realmente existen personas con diagnostico de esquizofrenia que no presentan ningún tipo de déficit neurocognitivo. En segundo lugar, aunque los déficits en cognición social están suficientemente constatados en esquizofrenia, no se conoce hasta que punto estos aparecen en la misma medida en el caso de aquellos pacientes que presentan un nivel preservado de funcionamiento intelectual general, por lo tanto, este es el segundo objetivo de la presente tesis. Finalmente, la tesis pretende examinar hasta qué punto el deterioro en cognición social en esquizofrenia se asocia con la alteración neurocognitiva Metodología: Para dar respuesta a estas preguntas, se reclutaron 80 pacientes con diagnostico de esquizofrenia y 30 sujetos sanos. Los 80 pacientes fueron separados en dos grupos de 40, basándose en las diferencias entre CI premórbido estimado y CI actual; Aquellos que mostraron diferencias superiores a 15 puntos entre CI premórbido y actual fueron clasificados como “intelectualmente afectados” y aquellos que mostraron diferencias menores o iguales a 15 fueron clasificado como “intelectualmente preservados”. Los tres grupos fueron evaluados empleando una batería destinada a medir, memoria, funciones ejecutivas, y cognición social. Resultados: Se encue
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- 2016
42. Structural and Functional Brain Correlates of Cognitive Impairment in Euthymic Patients with Bipolar Disorder
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Alonso-Lana, Silvia, primary, Goikolea, José M., additional, Bonnin, Caterina M., additional, Sarró, Salvador, additional, Segura, Barbara, additional, Amann, Benedikt L., additional, Monté, Gemma C., additional, Moro, Noemi, additional, Fernandez-Corcuera, Paloma, additional, Maristany, Teresa, additional, Salvador, Raymond, additional, Vieta, Eduard, additional, Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, additional, and McKenna, Peter J., additional
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- 2016
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43. Structural and functional brain changes in delusional disorder
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Vicens, Victor, primary, Radua, Joaquim, additional, Salvador, Raymond, additional, Anguera-Camós, Maria, additional, Canales-Rodríguez, Erick J., additional, Sarró, Salvador, additional, Maristany, Teresa, additional, McKenna, Peter J., additional, and Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, additional
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- 2016
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44. Current and future treatment modalities in schizophrenia: novel antipsychotic drugs and cognitive therapy
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McKenna, Peter J, primary and Mortimer, Ann M, additional
- Published
- 2013
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45. Altered T-Cell Function in Schizophrenia: A Cellular Model to Investigate Molecular Disease Mechanisms
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Craddock, Rachel M., primary, Lockstone, Helen E., additional, Rider, David A., additional, Wayland, Matthew T., additional, Harris, Laura J.W., additional, McKenna, Peter J., additional, and Bahn, Sabine, additional
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- 2007
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46. Is cognitive-behavioural therapy a worthwhile treatment for psychosis?
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Turkington, Douglas, primary and McKenna, Peter J., additional
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- 2003
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47. Functional Connectivity and Brain Networks in Schizophrenia.
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Lynall, Mary-Ellen, Bassett, Danielle S., Kerwin, Robert, McKenna, Peter J., Kitzbichler, Manfred, Muller, Ulrich, and Bullmore, Ed
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SCHIZOPHRENIA ,BRAIN anatomy ,BIOLOGICAL neural networks ,BRAIN imaging ,PEOPLE with schizophrenia - Abstract
Schizophrenia has often been conceived as a disorder of connectivity between components of large-scale brain networks. We tested this hypothesis by measuring aspects of both functional connectivity and functional network topology derived from resting-state fMRI time series acquired at 72 cerebral regions over 17 min from 15 healthy volunteers (14 male, 1 female) and 12 people diagnosed with schizophrenia (10 male, 2 female). We investigated between-group differences in strength and diversity of functional connectivity in the 0.06-0.125 Hz frequency interval, and some topological properties of undirected graphs constructed from thresholded interregional correlation matrices. In people with schizophrenia, strength of functional connectivity was significantly decreased, whereas diversity of functional connections was increased. Topologically, functional brain networks had reduced clustering and small-worldness, reduced probability of high-degree hubs, and increased robustness in the schizophrenic group. Reduced degree and clustering were locally significant in medial parietal, premotor and cingulate, and right orbitofrontal cortical nodes of functional networks in schizophrenia. Functional connectivity and topological metrics were correlated with each other and with behavioral performance on a verbal fluency task. We conclude that people with schizophrenia tend to have a less strongly integrated, more diverse profile of brain functional connectivity, associated with a less hub-dominated configuration of complex brain functional networks. Alongside these behaviorally disadvantageous differences, however, brain networks in the schizophrenic group also showed a greater robustness to random attack, pointing to a possible benefit of the schizophrenia connectome, if less extremely expressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2010
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48. Individual Differences in Psychotic Effects of Ketamine Are Predicted by Brain Function Measured under Placebo.
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Honey, Garry D., Corlett, Philip R., Absalom, Anthony R., Lee, Michael, Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, Murray, Graham K., McKenna, Peter J., Bullmore, Edward T., Menon, David K., and Fletcher, Paul C.
- Subjects
KETAMINE ,NEUROSCIENCES ,AMINES ,ANESTHESIA adjuvants ,MAGNETIC resonance imaging - Abstract
The symptoms of major psychotic illness are diverse and vary widely across individuals. Furthermore, the prepsychotic phase is indistinct, providing little indication of the precise pattern of symptoms that may subsequently emerge. Likewise, although in some individuals who have affected family members the occurrence of disease may be predicted, the specific symptom profile may not. An important question, therefore, is whether predictive physiological markers of symptom expression can be identified. We conducted a placebo controlled, within-subjects study in healthy individuals to investigate whether individual variability in baseline physiology, as assessed using functional magnetic resonance imaging, predicted psychosis elicited by the psychotomimetic drug ketamine and whether physiological change under drug reproduced those reported in patients. Here we show that brain responses to cognitive task demands under placebo predict the expression of psychotic phenomena after drug administration. Frontothalamic responses to a working memory task were associated with the tendency of subjects to experience negative symptoms under ketamine. Bilateral frontal responses to an attention task were also predictive of negative symptoms. Frontotemporal activations during language processing tasks were predictive of thought disorder and auditory illusory experiences. A subpsychotic dose of ketamine administered during a second scanning session resulted in increased basal ganglia and thalamic activation during the working memory task, paralleling previous reports in patients with schizophrenia. These results demonstrate precise and predictive brain markers for individual profiles of vulnerability to drug-induced psychosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Brain structural changes in the basal ganglia in heavy cannabis users: a VBM study
- Author
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Moreno-Alcázar, Ana, Gonzalvo, Begoña, Canales Rodriguez, Erick Jorge, Blanco, Laura, Bachiller, Diana, Romaguera, Anna, Monté-Rubio, Gemma C, Roncero, Carlos, McKenna, Peter J, and Pomarol-Clotet, Edith
- Subjects
cannabis ,basal ganglia ,long-term users ,voxel-based morphometry ,MRI - Abstract
Structural imaging studies of cannabis users have found evidence of both cortical and subcortical volume reductions, especially in cannabinoid receptor-rich regions such as the hippocampus and amygdala. However, the findings have not been consistent. In the present study, we examined a sample of adult heavy cannabis users without other substance abuse to determine whether long-term use is associated with brain structural changes, especially in the subcortical regions. Method: We compared the gray matter volume of 14 long-term, heavy cannabis users with non-using controls. To provide robust findings, we conducted two separate studies using two different MRI techniques. Each study used the same sample of cannabis users and a different control group, respectively. Both control groups were independent of each other. First, whole-brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to compare the cannabis users against 28 matched controls (HC1 group). Second, a volumetric analysis of subcortical regions was performed to assess differences between the cannabis users and a sample of 100 matched controls (HC2 group) obtained from a local database of healthy volunteers. Results: The VBM study revealed that, compared to the control group HC1, the cannabis users did not show cortical differences nor smaller volume in any subcortical structure but showed a cluster (p < 0.001) of larger GM volume in the basal ganglia, involving the caudate, putamen, pallidum, and nucleus accumbens, bilaterally. The subcortical volumetric analysis revealed that, compared to the control group HC2, the cannabis users showed significantly larger volumes in the putamen (p = 0.001) and pallidum (p = 0.0015). Subtle trends, only significant at the uncorrected level, were also found in the caudate (p = 0.05) and nucleus accumbens (p = 0.047). Conclusions: This study does not support previous findings of hippocampal and/or amygdala structural changes in long-term, heavy cannabis users. It does, however, provide evidence of basal ganglia volume increases.
50. The Government's Milk Policy.
- Author
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McKenna, Peter J.
- Published
- 1943
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