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1. Relative Validity and Reliability of Isometric Lower Extremity Strength Assessment in Older Adults by Using a Handheld Dynamometer.

Author

Grootswagers, Pol, Vaes, Anouk M. M., Hangelbroek, Roland, Tieland, Michael, van Loon, Luc J. C., and de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M.

Abstract

Background: Handheld dynamometry (HHD) is a practical alternative to traditional testing of lower extremity strength. However, its reliability and validity across different populations and settings are not clear. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that HHD is a valid and reliable device to assess lower extremity strength in a population of older adults. Study Design: Cross-sectional/cohort. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: This study included 258 older adults (≥65 years). Isometric knee extension and flexion force were measured by 1 examiner, using an HHD (n = 222), including 3 repetitions to calculate within-day intrarater reliability. These measurements were repeated by the examiner in a subgroup (n = 23) to analyze intrarater reliability over a test-retest period of on average 8 weeks. In addition, HHD force measures were performed by a second examiner (n = 29) to analyze interrater reliability. In another subgroup (n = 77), isometric knee extension and flexion torque were measured by 1 examiner using both the HHD and Biodex System 4 to assess relative validity. Results: HHD and Biodex measurements were highly correlated and showed excellent concurrent validity. HHD systematically overestimated torque as compared with Biodex by 8 N·m on average. Same-day intrarater intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) ranged from 0.97 to 0.98. Interrater reliability ICCs ranged from 0.83 to 0.95. Conclusion: HHD represents a reliable and valid alternative to Biodex to rank individuals on leg strength, or to assess within-person changes in leg strength over time, because of the high validity and reliability. The HHD is less suited for absolute strength assessment because of significant systematic overestimations. Clinical Relevance: Clinicians are encouraged to use HHD to rank older adults on leg strength, or to assess within-person changes in leg strength over time, but not to compare readings with cut-offs or normative values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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2. Intrabedömarreliabilitet vid maximal isometrisk styrkemätning mätt med handhållen dynamometer på fotens supinatorer och pronatorer hos friska vuxna individer.

Author

Thor, Anna and Thor, Anna

Abstract

Background: There is lack of measurement methods to evaluate postoperative rehabilitation for people who have undergone orthopedic surgery of the foot at Uppsala University Hospital. One objective method is to measure muscle strength with MicroFET2, which is available at the hospital. Before implementing the method it is necessary to ensure the the reliability of supination and pronation measured with MicroFET2 because there are no studies that have explored this. Pronators and supinators are important muscles for the stability of the foot and to the arch of the foot. Objective: To examine intra-rater reliability of peak strength of pronation and supination of left and right foot using handheld dynamometer (MicroFET2) in adults without leg- or footpain. Methods: The intra-rater reliability was evaluated in 24 adults by test-retest with 7 days between measures. The test were supination and pronation of the left and right foot. Interclass correlation coefficient (ICC 2,1) and standard error of measurement (SEM and SEM%) were calculated. Results: The results from this study showed high intra-rater reliability for both supination and pronation with ICC between 0.73-0.88 for mean of three trials and 0.74-0.89 for highest value of three trials. SEM och SEM% varied between 14.5-24.4 N and 7.7-11.9% at mean of three trials and 14.1-25.6 N and 7.2-11.9% at highest value of three trials. Conclusion: MicroFET2 is a reliable instrument to measure strength in the foot supinator and pronator-muscles in healthy adults., Bakgrund: Vid Akademiska sjukhuset i Uppsala saknas det ett objektivt sätt att mäta maximal muskelstyrka vid rehabilitering efter fotoperation. En objektiv mätmetod för maximal muskelstyrka är dynamometern MicroFET2 som finns på sjukhuset. För att implementera denna metod behövs säkerställande av reliabiliteten för pro- och supination mätt med MicroFET2 eftersom det saknas studier som undersöker detta. Pronatorer och supinatorer är viktiga muskelgrupper för fotens stabilitet och fotvalv. Syfte: Undersöka intrabedömarreliabilitet vid maximal isometrisk muskelstyrka av höger och vänster fots supinatorer och pronatorer med handhållen dynamometer (MicroFET2) hos vuxna individer utan ben- eller fotsmärta. Metod: Intrabedömarreliabiliteten undersöktes genom test-retestförfarande med 7 dagars intervall på 24 personer. Muskelgrupper som mättes var fotens supinatorer och pronatorer på både höger och vänster fot. Interclass correlation coefficient (ICC 2,1) samt standard error of measurement (SEM och SEM%) beräknades. Resultat: Resultatet från studien visar på hög relativ intrabedömarreliabilitet i både supination och pronation med ICC mellan 0.73-0.88 vid medelvärde av tre försök och mellan 0.74-0.89 vid högsta värde av tre försök. SEM och SEM% varierade mellan 14.5-24.4 N och 7.7-11.9% vid medelvärde av tre försök respektive mellan 14.1-25.6 N och 7.2-11.9% vid högsta värde av tre försök. Slutsats: MicroFET2 är ett reliabelt instrument för att mäta styrka i fotens pronatorer och supinatorer på friska vuxna personer.

Published
2022

3. Relative validity and reliability of isometric lower extremity strength assessment in older adults by using a handheld dynamometer

Author

Pol Grootswagers, Anouk M. M. Vaes, Roland Hangelbroek, Michael Tieland, Luc J. C. van Loon, Lisette C. P. G. M. de Groot, Humane Biologie, RS: NUTRIM - R3 - Respiratory & Age-related Health, Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, and Human Physiology and Sports Physiotherapy Research Group

Subjects
leg strength, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Muscle Strength Dynamometer, Biodex, MASS, Voeding, Metabolisme en Genomica, MUSCLE STRENGTH, intrarater reliability, Voeding, Isometric Contraction, interrater reliability, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, MicroFET, Nutrition, Aged, VLAG, Global Nutrition, Wereldvoeding, accuracy, Current Research, Metabolism and Genomics, Nutritional Biology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Metabolisme en Genomica, lower extremity, Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics, reproducibility of results
Abstract

Background: Handheld dynamometry (HHD) is a practical alternative to traditional testing of lower extremity strength. However, its reliability and validity across different populations and settings are not clear. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that HHD is a valid and reliable device to assess lower extremity strength in a population of older adults. Study Design: Cross-sectional/cohort. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: This study included 258 older adults (≥65 years). Isometric knee extension and flexion force were measured by 1 examiner, using an HHD (n = 222), including 3 repetitions to calculate within-day intrarater reliability. These measurements were repeated by the examiner in a subgroup (n = 23) to analyze intrarater reliability over a test-retest period of on average 8 weeks. In addition, HHD force measures were performed by a second examiner (n = 29) to analyze interrater reliability. In another subgroup (n = 77), isometric knee extension and flexion torque were measured by 1 examiner using both the HHD and Biodex System 4 to assess relative validity. Results: HHD and Biodex measurements were highly correlated and showed excellent concurrent validity. HHD systematically overestimated torque as compared with Biodex by 8 N·m on average. Same-day intrarater intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) ranged from 0.97 to 0.98. Interrater reliability ICCs ranged from 0.83 to 0.95. Conclusion: HHD represents a reliable and valid alternative to Biodex to rank individuals on leg strength, or to assess within-person changes in leg strength over time, because of the high validity and reliability. The HHD is less suited for absolute strength assessment because of significant systematic overestimations. Clinical Relevance: Clinicians are encouraged to use HHD to rank older adults on leg strength, or to assess within-person changes in leg strength over time, but not to compare readings with cut-offs or normative values.

Published
2022

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