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Objective(s): Gallic acid (GA) is a highly effective antioxidant, which its beneficial effects are well known, but its impact on expression of microRNAs (miRs) following hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is not well recognized. Therefore, the current research was designed to specify the beneficial effect of GA on miRs (122 and 34a), liver functional tests, and histopathological alterations beyond I/R-induced hepatic injury. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into four groups (8 per group) including: sham-operated (S), I/R, and GA+I/R pretreated groups. Rats in sham-operated group received physiologic saline (N/S, 2 ml/kg), on a weekly basis, once a day via intraperitoneally route), then a midline abdominal surgery was performed. IR, and GA+IR pretreated groups received physiologic saline (2 ml/kg), and GA (50, and 100 mg per kg) for same time, IP, respectively, before induction of transient ischemia. One hour after reperfusion, biochemical, and histopathological evaluations were performed and expression of miRs were evaluated. Results: The results showed that GA reduced the concentrations of liver enzymes, miR-122, and miR-34a in serum, and preserved liver cells changes induced by I/R injury. Conclusion: These findings showed that GA has beneficial effect on liver damage induced by I/R. Therefore, it is suggested that GA can be administered as an anti-miR before elective hepatic surgeries for prevention of this complication.

Cisplatin (EBEWE Pharma, Unterach, Austria) is an anti-cancer drug used in chemotherapy. One of the limiting major side effects of cisplatin is nephrotoxicity. Tribulus terrestris (TT) has been used as an synthetic or herbal protective agents for kidney disorders. The present study amid to investigate the Tribulus terrestris Hydroalcoholic extract effect on cisplatin-induced apoptosis in mice kidney. Male adult mice (n= 30) were divided into control group and 4 experimental groups (n= 6). Control group received saline, the first experimental group received cisplatin (5.5 mg/kg) and other three experimental groups received cisplatin (5.5 mg/kg) and different doses of hydroalcoholic extact of TT (100, 300 and 500 mg/kg i.p) respectively. The kidneys were removed after 4 days of injections, and TUNEL assay on mice's kidneys were performed. Weights of body and kidneys and apoptotic index were assessed. Data analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. The results showed that cisplatin lead to a reduction in the weight of body and kidney (P

Usage of medicinal plants for the treatment of diseases is a remarkable strategy considered in both clinical and experimental studies. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Tribulus terrestris hydroalcoholic extract administration on the serum level of glucose and reproductive parameters in diabetic male rats. In this experimental study, 30 adult male Wistar rats (200250 g) were divided into 5 groups (n= 6). Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg streptozotocin. Experimental groups received daily Intraperitoneal injection of the extract (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg) since one week after inducing diabetes for two weeks. At the end of the experiment, the serum levels of testosterone and glucose were examined by ELISA and Glucodr devices respectively. Sperm parameters including morphology, count and motility were evaluated from the cauda epididymis. The diameters of seminiferous tubules were assessed based on 5 µm paraffin section of H&E stained section of testes. The data were evaluated by One Way ANOVA followed by post-hoc test using SPSS software. In T. terrestris extract groups, there were significant reductions in the levels of blood glucose while increased sperm motility, sperm count and seminiferous tubules diameter, percentage of sperms with normal morphology, level of testosterone hormone and final body weight compared with diabetic group (p

Cisplatin (EBEWE Pharma, Unterach, Austria) is an anti-cancer drug used in chemotherapy. One of the limiting major side effects of cisplatin is nephrotoxicity. Tribulus terrestris (TT) has been used as an synthetic or herbal protective agents for kidney disorders. The present study amid to investigate the Tribulus terrestris Hydroalcoholic extract effect on cisplatin-induced apoptosis in mice kidney. Male adult mice (n= 30) were divided into control group and 4 experimental groups (n= 6). Control group received saline, the first experimental group received cisplatin (5.5 mg/kg) and other three experimental groups received cisplatin (5.5 mg/kg) and different doses of hydroalcoholic extact of TT (100, 300 and 500 mg/kg i.p) respectively. The kidneys were removed after 4 days of injections, and TUNEL assay on mice's kidneys were performed. Weights of body and kidneys and apoptotic index were assessed. Data analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. The results showed that cisplatin lead to a reduction in the weight of body and kidney (P

The growth pattern of children is affected by anthropometric dimensions. This study was aimed to investigate anthropometric factors related to growth of preschool children of a sample population in Iran. This study was performed in year 2011 on 1320 of 47 years old preschool children in Arak. To classify, body mass index (BMI), height and weight were recorded. The four contact points (head, back, buttocks, and heels) were maintained against the spine of the stadiometer during measurement. The head was positioned in the Frankfurt plane, and the sliding bar was lowered the crown of the head. Height was measured and recorded by the researchers. A pair of manual calibrated Seca scales was used to measure body mass in kilograms. The participants were least dressed in the uniform. We have classified BMI to four groups as group1, BMI with 10.7515 and group 2, 3, 4 with 15.117 and 17.120, 20.122.5, respectively. Foot length was recorded as the distance from the posterior aspect of the heel to the most distal aspect of the longest toe. Foot length was measured with subjects standing upright using a foot board, a plastic device with calibrated lineation (in centimeters and millimeters). Analysis showed that sex neither affect on BMI nor foot measurements. The present findings contribute to the understanding of the effect of body mass on the structural development of the pediatric foot and musculoskeletal system. Excessive body mass seems to lead to increased foot length and width. El patrón de crecimiento de los niños se ve afectado por las dimensiones antropométricas. El objetivo fue investigar los factores antropométricos relacionados con el crecimiento de los niños en edad preescolar de una muestra poblacional de Irán. Este estudio se realizó en el año 2011 en 1320 niños, de 4-7 años, de edad preescolar de Arak. Para clasificar el índice de masa corporal (IMC), se registraron la altura y el peso. Los cuatro puntos de contacto (cabeza, espalda, glúteos y talones) se mantuvieron contra la columna del estadiómetro durante la medición. La cabeza fue colocada en el plano de Frankfurt, y la barra de deslizamiento se redujo al nivel de la corona de la cabeza. Los investigadores midieron y registraron la altura. Se utilizaronn par de escalas manuales Seca calibradas para medir la masa corporal en kilogramos. Los participantes fueron vestidos con el uniforme escolar. Se clasificó el IMC en cuatro grupos: grupo 1 entre 10,7515, grupo 2 entre 15,117, grupo 3 entre 17,120 y grupo 4 entre 20,122,5. La longitud del pie se definió como la distancia existente desde la cara posterior del talón hasta la porción más distal del dedo más largo. La longitud de pie se midió con los sujetos en posición de pie utilizando una tabla de pie, dispositivo de plástico con la alineación calibrada (en centímetros y milímetros). El análisis mostró que el sexo no influye en el índice de masa corporal ni las medidas del pie. Los presentes hallazgos contribuyen a la comprensión de los efectos de la masa corporal en el desarrollo estructural del pie y el sistema músculo-esquelético pediátrico. La masa corporal excesiva parece conducir a un aumento de la longitud y ancho del pie.

Mevlâna Celâleddin-i Rumi İslâmî düşünce dünyasında ve Farsça şiir söyleyen mütefekkirler arasında en çok bilinen ve tanınan isimlerdendir. Onun büyük eseri Mesnevî-i Manevi altı ciltten ve 26000 beyitten meydana gelmektedir. Eserin isminden de anlaşıldığı üzere bu kitabın formu şiirin mesnevî türündedir ve muhtevası manevidir. Şüphesiz ki Mevlâna, her büyük düşünür gibi hem çağdaş hemde önceki düşünür ve düşüncelerden etkilenmiştir ve bu düşüncenin hiçbir zaman önceki düşüncelerden bağımsız olmadığı anlaşılmaktadır. Bu düşünce süreci, insan hayatında ve insanca yaşanabiecek bir hayatta devam etmektedir. Bundan dolayı Mesnevî gibi mükemmel bir çalışmada özgünlük ve orijinal olmak çok önemlidir, Mesnevî, bu anlamda özgün ve orijinal bir eserdir. Mevlâna düşüncesinde zıtlık kavramı çok önemlidir ve bu durum Mesnevî'de baştan sona kadar açıkça gözükmektedir. Rumî, zıtlık kavramını genelde eğitim amacıyla kullanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Mevlâna'nın Mesnevî-i Manevi isimli eseri, Rumî düşüncesinde incelenerek, tezat kavramı farklı açılardan tespit edildi ve ortaya konuldu. Bu tespitten sonra eserdeki zıtlıklardan birer örnek seçilerek çalışma hazırlandı ve gereksiz uzatmalara da yer verilmedi. Bu tezin hazırlanmasının temel amacı Mesnevî'yi daha iyi anlamak için bir anahtar oluşturmaktır., Rumi is widely known among the scholars of Persian and Islamic studies. His major work is The Mathnawi Manawi (Spritual Couplets), it contains of six volumes and 26000 lines of Persian poetry. As we can see from the title, the form of this work is Mathnawi (Couplets) but the content is Manawi (Spiritual). There is no doubt that Rumi, who himself is a great thinker, was influenced by his predecessors and contemporaries, and great thoughts are not independent from previous human knowledge; this process of knowledge continues all along the human life. However, the importance of a great work relies on its originality and authenticity, and The Mathnawi is such an original and authentic work. The concept of contradiction is very important in Rumi's thoughts and it is so obvious in The Mathnawi, from the beginning lines to the end of the book. More often, Rumi uses contradiction for the educational purposes. In this thesis I try to examine different aspects of the concept of contradiction in Rumi's thoughts, by focusing on his Manawi (spiritual) book. In order to do this, first I select different examples of contradiction from this book, and then I will refine this list down to avoid repetition and redundancy. The main aim of this research is to provide a key for better understanding of The Mathnawi Manawi and Rumi's thoughts.

Age is associated with substantial macrostructural brain changes. While some recent CT scan studies have reported larger age affects in men than women, others find no sex differences, as brain morphometry is a potentially important tool in diagnosis and monitoring of age-related neurological diseases. A study was conducted on 147 Arakian healthy aged participants in the Department of Radiology, Valie asr Hospital, Arak city. Gray matter (GM), white matter (WM) and CSF was evaluated based on cranial CT scan images. Both males and females subjects were divided into four age groups. In this study, the subjects were 51.7% (76) male and 48.3% (71) female. Frequency of groups showed that the common types were in the 4th group of ages (65.180 years) with 44%. Although, in 147cases, all parameters were greater in male than female but no significant differences were seen. The significant differences between the two sexes were in length of cranium and width of cranium. There was significant difference between age groups in male and female. In male groups no significant difference was shown between them, but these were considered statistically significant in female groups in width of cranium (p=0.017), width of gray matter (p=0.008), length of cranium (p=0.052), length of white matter (P=0.024), distance of bicorn anterior (p=0.013), width of white matter in bicoronal Anterior (p=0.046), but in male age groups showed no statistically significant difference. We found changing in brain volume relationship with ageing in population, but this change in female is greater than male. La edad se asocia con cambios cerebrales sustanciales. Mientras que algunos estudios recientes han reportado que la edad afecta a hombres más que a mujeres, otros no encuentran diferencias sexuales. La morfometría cerebral es una herramienta potencialmente importante en el diagnóstico y seguimiento de enfermedades neurológicas relacionadas con la edad. Se realizó un estudio en 147 participantes sanos de edad avanzada en el Departamento de Radiología, Hospital de Valie asr, ciudad de Arak. La sustancia gris (SG), sustancia blanca (SB) y líquido cerebro-espina (LCR) fueron evaluados en base a imágenes craneales de escáner CT. Los sujetos, hombres y mujeres fueron divididos en cuatro grupos etarios. De los sujetos incluidos en el estudio, 51,7% (76) fueron hombres y 48,3% (71) mujeres. La frecuencia de los grupos mostró que los tipos más comunes estaban en el cuarto grupo etario de (65,1 a 80 años) con un 44%. En 147 casos todos los parámetros fueron mayores en hombres que en mujeres, sin embargo, no se observaron diferencias significativas. Entre los dos sexos las diferencias significativas estaban en longitud de cráneo y ancho del cráneo. No hubo diferencias significativas entre los grupos etarios. En los grupos de hombres, no se demostró ninguna diferencia significativa, pero éstos fueron considerados estadísticamente significativos en ancho de cráneo (p=0,017), ancho de cráneo de las mujeres, la sustancia gris (p=0,008), longitud del cráneo (p=0,052), longitud de la sustancia blanca (P=0,024), distancia anterior del bicornio (p=0,013) y el ancho de la sustancia blanca bicoronal anterior (p=0,046). Sin embargo en los grupos de edad de sexo masculino no se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Encontramos cambios en relación al volumen cerebral con el envejecimiento de la población; este cambio en el sexo femenino es mayor que el masculino.

In this study, we analyze three portfolio selection strategies for loss-averse investors: semi-variance, conditional value-at-risk, and a combination of both risk measures. Moreover, we propose a novel version of the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II and of the strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm 2 to tackle this optimization problem. The effectiveness of these algorithms is compared with two alternatives from the literature from five publicly available datasets. The computational results indicate that the proposed algorithms in this study outperform the others for all the examined performance metrics. Moreover, they are able to approximate the Pareto front even in cases in which all the other approaches fail.