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Heilipus lauri is a specialist avocado seed feeding weevil native to parts of México and is an invasive pest in Colombia. This weevil is considered an incursion risk because possible unintended introductions into areas outside of its native range can result in establishment, which threatens avocado production in invaded regions. Despite being a well-recognized pest of avocados, relatively little is known about oviposition biology, behavior, and cultivar preferences of this weevil. Field studies in commercial Hass avocado orchards in México and laboratory studies in a quarantine facility in California (USA) indicated that H. lauri prefers to oviposit into middle and bottom thirds of fruit. In the laboratory, an average of 1.7 eggs (range 1-6 eggs) are laid over a 24-h period in oviposition chambers by individual females. Conspecifics add eggs to these clutches, with up to 17 eggs being recorded in 1 oviposition chamber. This finding suggests that H. lauri does not use an oviposition deterring pheromone. Female weevils readily oviposit in artificial holes representing mechanical wounds on fruit. In comparison to the commercially dominant Hass variety, fruit from Lamb Hass and G22, a native Guatemalan variety, and to a lesser extent Gem, may be less preferred for oviposition when females have a choice of fruit in which to oviposit. Videography studies indicated that H. lauri exhibits predominantly diurnal activity with respect to oviposition behaviors, feeding, and walking.

In today's world of growing user-generated content on social media, this study addresses the challenge of producing high-quality content, be it for social engagement or educational purposes. Conventionally, using a cameraman has been an effective yet expensive way to enhance video quality. In this context, our research introduces an innovative AI-driven camera robot that autonomously tracks the content creator, thereby improving video production quality. The robot uses an object detection model composed of YOLOv3 and Kalman filter algorithms to identify the content creators and create a bounding box around them within the frame. Using motion detection control, the robot adjusts its position to keep the bounding box centered in the frame, ensuring a continuous focus on the content creator. As a result, the system consistently captures excellent images through precise pan-tilt movements, promising improved visual storytelling. The initial results confirm the system's effectiveness in content detection, camera control, and content tracking. This advancement has the potential to impact user-generated content across various domains, providing an accessible way to enhance content quality without the high costs associated with traditional cameraman services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diffractive methodology is a recently established alternative to the interpretivist approach commonly used in educational research. Unlike epistemological practices grounded in representation, it recognises knowledge making as performative and emergent from difference. This paper offers new insights into diffractive readings in early childhood science education through experimentation with entangled empirical video data, theoretical perspectives and transdisciplinary space. A methodological contribution is made by showing how critical points of difference are created when video footage of shared understandings held by early childhood practitioners encounters existing research on early childhood science education diffractively. These points of difference are made to matter and illuminated as affecting emergent new connections which can reconfigure dominant ways of understanding creativity in early childhood science education. In doing so, children’s creative knowledge making practices in science enquiry are (re)presented as expansive, material knowing which is enacted at once through talk and materials.

Studies previously conducted on high jump have yielded important information regarding successful performance. However, analyses in competitive scenarios have often disregarded athletes’ unsuccessful attempts. This study aimed to investigate the biomechanical differences between successful and unsuccessful jumps during competition. High-speed video footage (200 Hz) was obtained from 11 athletes during the 2018 Men's World Athletics Indoor Championship Final. From each athlete, one successful (SU) and one unsuccessful (UN) jump at the same bar height were included in the analysis, leaving seven athletes in total. Following whole-body 3D manual digitization, several temporal and kinematic variables were calculated for the run-up, take-off, and flight phases of each jump. During SU jumps, athletes raised the center of mass to a greater extent (p

In this article, we offer some observations on the international standing of communicative constructivism (CoCo), as discussed in scholarship published largely in German over the past decade (e.g., KELLER, KNOBLAUCH & REICHERTZ, 2013; KNOBLAUCH, 2019a [2016]; REICHERTZ, 2009). We seek to explain why, in our view, CoCo has not thus far had a noticeable influence on academic discourse in international, particularly Anglo-American, sociology. Amongst others, we highlight issues regarding the name that was picked for the perspective and regarding the literal translation of German CoCo terminology into the English language. We also point to some theoretical and methodological choices that have made it difficult to link CoCo to interactionist sociology in general, and to ethnomethodology and ethnography in particular, i.e., perspectives that we are closely aligned with. We conclude with a summary of our observations and a few suggested steps communicative constructivists might consider taking to broaden and diversify the appeal of their program beyond German speaking sociology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This contribution builds on an existing methodology of image clustering analysis, conceived for modelling the wave overtopping at dikes from video records of laboratory experiments. It presents new procedures and algorithms developed to extend this methodology to the representation of the wave runup at crown walls on top of smooth berms. The upgraded methodology overcomes the perspective distortion of the native images and deals with the unsteady, turbulent and bi-phase flow dynamics characterizing the wave impacts at the walls. It accurately reconstructs the free surface along the whole structure profile and allows for a statistical analysis of the wave runup in the time and spatial domain. The effects of different structural configurations are investigated to provide key information for the design of coastal defences. In particular, the effects of increased sea levels in climate change scenarios are analysed. Innovative results, such as profiling of the envelopes of the runup along the wall cross and front sections, and the evidencing of 3D effects on the runup are presented. The extreme runup is estimated for the definition of the design conditions, while the envelopes of the average and minimum runup heights are calculated to assess the normal exercise conditions of existing structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teaching in primary schools means taking the heterogeneity of students’ backgrounds, skills, and capacities into account and offering them a commensurately wide variety of learning opportunities. This is particularly the case when it comes to digital-based instruction, which often entails individualized learning and greater responsibility of learners for their own learning processes. To enable participation and reduce risks of exclusion – for students with disabilities and in the context of the digital divide – teachers’ learning support is of great importance. Despite the potential of teacher support for learning with digital media, few studies have investigated this topic. This paper introduces a research study using videography to analyze the learning support given by preservice teachers during active media work. The findings indicate that teachers tend to provide mainly direct instruction, and significantly less diagnostic support aimed at fostering the learning process. The results do not confirm the idea that digital teaching formats provide technical rather than content support. Furthermore, they show that digital learning formats enable participation by all the students in the class. These results are discussed with a view to risks of exclusion and implications for teacher professionalization.

Introduction: The dairy industry, with its long chain of values and numerous links, is an effective and efficient industry in the Iranian economy. As the competition in the dairy market increases, the chances of survival in this field decrease, regardless of the customer, marketing and sales strategies. Therefore, the customer's journey is important from the moment of getting to know the company to the purchase, which is an experience that plays a role in the customer's mind. Shopping trips have a significant role in people's lives and are one of the basic needs of human life. The importance of the customer journey increases with the complexity of service delivery. It is also important to understand what the person is thinking and feeling, given that what the person is saying is not always in line with what they are doing. Therefore, today, it seems necessary to use a customer empathy map during a trip.Targeting and optimizing the message is very important in the busy days of the third millennium and is a requirement of every brand. The digital revolution has helped to better understand the final audience. Based on this knowledge, the message that has the most impact should be selected and the audience should be exposed to it. In this respect, innovation in advertising means creating valuable memories for the target audience. Virtual reality-based advertising can help companies create such memories. Virtual reality (virtual reality) is created as a computer simulation that involves a user, and that user perceives it through one or more senses (mostly through vision, hearing and touch). So, the interaction with it would be as if it were real.Methodology: In the present study, Ramak local cheese was advertised through virtual reality in Mahestan shopping center in the city of Karaj, where different ethnicities live. The aim was to create a customer empathy map using a virtual reality camera and a wooden cottage. The present study is a developmental perspective in which the survey method was used to collect the data and video hermeneutics method served to analyze the data. There were 74 participants in the study, and the data of 23 participants were analyzed. In fact, the selection of samples continued until the data saturation; the researcher realized that the subsequent samples will not provide him with distinctive information.For the effectiveness of the customer empathy map, what the customer says, does, thinks and feels were videotaped and finally analyzed during the virtual reality advertising process. The people in the mall were asked to watch a two-minute 3D movie through virtual reality glasses. They sat on a chair to watch the film. The film took the participants to a lush farm where many cows were grazing. To make the advertisement more effective when the participants were watching the film, several wooden walls were connected, and the participants were placed in a cottage with a traditional atmosphere. It was a place with a table in the hut lined with local Ramak cheese, cucumbers and tomatoes, and traditional music with pleasant spring sounds was played. At the end of the video, the participants were asked to try the local cheese and express their opinion about the product. The recorded videos of the participants in virtual reality advertising were analyzed by video hermeneutics.Results and Discussion: With the increasing competition among companies and the great change and diversity in the demands and needs of customers, managers must always think of innovative ways to attract and retain their customers. Therefore, we see many changes in companies' advertisements to attract customers. Managers must be able to accompany the customer on the shopping trip. This trip is the process by which a customer interacts with a company to achieve a goal. Also, managers need to read the customer's mind to better interact with him. In fact, they must design an empathetic map to communicate with the customer. An empathy map can provide new insights into the customer’s desire and how it affects product decisions, marketing messages, and corporate business strategies. Videos provids researchers with unique analytic methods.Companies increasingly incorporate virtual reality into their operations to ensure that sales conversions occur based on a sense of presence, which results from an effective virtual experience. Virtual reality helps to bridge the gap in consumer expectations and ultimately leads to higher purchasing goals. In the present study, the researchers designed and implemented a customer empathy map with the aim of creating a sense of presence and meeting customer expectations. To this end, a film and a traditional cottage were used based on virtual reality. The results showed that the sense of nostalgia, peace and joy was completely transferred to the participants and the company was able to interact properly with them.Conclusion: After carrying out this plan, Ramak Company has witnessed an 8% growth in sales of the desired product. Therefore, the use of virtual reality maintains the relationship with consumers. Indeed, virtual reality is a suitable tool at the end of the shopping trip, it has to do with the customer loyalty and advocacy, and companies can use ads to be more effective and create an empathetic relationship with customers.

Diffractive methodology is a recently established alternative to the interpretivist approach commonly used in educational research. Unlike epistemological practices grounded in representation, it recognises knowledge making as performative and emergent from difference. This paper offers new insights into diffractive readings in early childhood science education through experimentation with entangled empirical video data, theoretical perspectives and transdisciplinary space. A methodological contribution is made by showing how critical points of difference are created when video footage of shared understandings held by early childhood practitioners encounters existing research on early childhood science education diffractively. These points of difference are made to matter and illuminated as affecting emergent new connections which can reconfigure dominant ways of understanding creativity in early childhood science education. In doing so, children's creative knowledge making practices in science enquiry are (re)presented as expansive, material knowing which is enacted at once through talk and materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Bedside teaching (BST) is an essential and traditional clinical teaching format. It has been subject to various impediments and has transformed over time. Besides a decrease in bedside time, there has also been a didactic diversification. In order to use time at the bedside effectively and understand the current design of BST, we here offer an evidence-based insight into how BST is practiced. This may serve as a basis for a refinement of its didactic design. Methods: In the current study, we investigate the interrelationships between learning content and the social as well as spatial structures of BST. To this end, we have empirically analysed almost 80 hours of video material from a total of 36 BST sessions with good interrater reliability. Results: BST lasted on average 125 min, most of which was spent in plenary and less than a third of the time at the patient's bedside. History taking was primarily practiced at the bedside while case presentations, clinical reasoning and theoretical knowledge were largely taught away from the patient. Clinical examination took place to a similar extent in the patient's room and in the theory room. Conclusions: Even though the filmed BSTs are not purely "bedside", the teaching format investigated here is a typical example of undergraduate medical education. In order to maximize the teaching time available, a suitable learning space should be provided in addition to the bedside. Moreover, the clinical examination should be revised in its general sequence prior to the BST, and conscious decisions should be made regarding the social structure so as to optimize the potential of small groups and plenary sessions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of PODIUM- Revista de Ciencia y Tecnologia en la Cultura Física is the property of Universidad de Pinar del Rio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Review of Film Directing: Shot by Shot--25th Anniversary Edition: Visualizing from Concept to Screen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Film geography as a subdiscipline of cultural and media geography is a long-established field of research that since its emergence more than twenty years ago has diversified into a variety of perspectives. Nowadays, a critical perspective on film is central, which no longer considers the medium merely as a text, but rather as a social practice—a perspective that continues to focus not solely on the meaning of representations, but on what representations do and how they do it. Following Roberts' (in: Edensor, Kalandides, Kothari (eds) The Routledge handbook of place, Routledge, London, 2020) call for 'doing film geography,' this introductory article to the Geojournal Special Issue on Film Geography provides an overview of current trends in the field as well as an overview of the essays included in this collection. In addition to the established film-as-text perspective, we examine the burgeoning research in cinematic cartography, film industry geographies, and videography/documentaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objectives: Smile is one of the most effective means by which people convey their emotions. The objective of this study was to capture, analyse and measure the parameters through videos clips for studying the dynamics of posed and unposed smile and to measure the parameters through video clips for studying the dynamics of speech. Methodology: A total of 100 subjects seeking orthodontic treatment with Angle’s Class I malocclusion were included in the study. The principal investigator selected the frames for speech and a panel of five members selected the appropriate frames for posed smile and unposed smiles. Frames after videography were used for measurements. Parameters like Maximum incisor exposure, Lower lip to upper incisor, Gingival exposure, Inter-labial gap etc were measured in “mm” for posed and unposed smile frames. Categorical data was compared using McNemar’s test. p ​

A micro-sociological examination of the driving lesson raises the following question: How is the interaction between learner driver and driving instructor structured in this technical setting, and what meaning can be ascribed in this threefold constellation to the vehicle with its various technical elements? This case study examines the orientation patterns which exist between the learner driver, the driving instructor, and the car, which together constitute a socio-technical triangle, and what actions the learner driver needs to learn to enable them to drive the car safely. The theoretical background to the study is provided by interactionist theories, which have been broadened to include a greater sensitivity for the body and technology, and a sociological reading of postphenomenology. Using a method based on this theoretical background and informed by workplace studies, this study observed and made audiovisual recordings of driving lessons. This approach made it possible to undertake a detailed analysis of the situations, reveal how the human body interacts with technology, and how a person’s attention responds to technical information. In these situations, the driving instructor takes on the role of the translator by mediating between various situational definitions—one’s own, that of the inexperienced learner driver, other motorists, and the driver assistance systems in the car. The driving instructor represents the driving school as an institution that is responsible for creating an intersubjectively arranged understanding of how to deal with technology and socio-technical situations.

The perception of (motion) aesthetics is related to the circumstances of the object, the observer, and the given context. The central question of this study is whether the perception of motion aesthetics is related to a motor skill’s ratio of flight kinematics and the observer’s sensory-motor experiences. Motor skills, perceived as more aesthetic, are hypothesized to show kinematic flight ratios near the golden ratio. Motor skills, perceived as less aesthetic, are hypothesized to show kinematic flight ratios farther away from the golden ratio. Furthermore, this relationship is hypothesized to be related to the observer’s sensory-motor experience. Therefore, 36 participants (12 freerunning experts, 12 freerunning novices, and 12 laypeople) were asked to indicate their perception of motion aesthetics when watching video sequences of different freerunning performances. The results indicate that kinematic flight ratios and the observer’s sensory-motor experience are related to the aesthetic perception of the freerunning skill. As hypothesized, kinematic ratios of Webster performances perceived as more aesthetic are closer to the golden ratio, and Webster performances perceived as less aesthetic are farther away from the golden ratio; this is significant for expert and novice freerunners, but not for laypeople. Thus, we conclude that the aesthetic perception of complex motor skills is related to kinematic flight ratios and the observer’s sensory-motor expertise. Future work should incorporate such knowledge about kinematic ratios and how to address them during motor skill performances to create and perform aesthetically pleasing complex motor skills.

The aim of this study was to assess on videographs the intra- and inter-rater reproducibility of the Smile Esthetic Index (SEI) that has been previously validated on photographs. Smile videographs were obtained using a smartphone associated with the Smile Lite MDP mounted on a tripod. They were then randomized and evaluated twice consecutively at a 1-week interval by three periodontists according to the SEI based on 10 variables. Cohen's Kappa and Fleiss' Kappa tests were performed to measure intra- and inter-rater agreement. Sixty-five smile videographs of 24 men and 41 women (mean age 33 ± 11.3 years) were scored. A mean intra-rater agreement of 0.68 (0.64–0.73) was obtained, representing substantial agreement. The inter-rater agreement calculated for each variable ranged from 0.31 for the variable "absence of visible excessive gingiva" to 0.90 for the variable "absence of diastema and/or missing inter-dental papilla." Within the limits of this study, we have demonstrated that it was possible to use videographs to reproducibly evaluate an aesthetic score (SEI) previously validated on photographs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Editors have been making decisions about what kinds of photographs to publish since the early days of photography. In the past 25 years, both video and print photojournalists have had to deal with the immediacy consumers expect and the ease with which images can be manipulated while still adhering to standards of truth and fairness. In an online survey, print and video photojournalists generally accepted the rules of the profession as dictated in the National Press Photographers Association Code of Ethics and Statement of Principle, rules at the core of this deontological study. The survey revealed that broadcast photographers are less tolerant of publication of graphic spot news scenes and more willing to blur a face to protect a person's privacy and to flop a photo. Respondents to the survey also indicated that both print and video photojournalists, despite numerous cases showing the contrary, were unwilling to publish digitally manipulated images, with more-experienced photographers even less willing than less-experienced photographers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review tries to critically examine the key features of the anthology Comparing international music lessons on video. The book is part of a multimedia package consisting of ten DVDs, which include ASF (Analytical Short Films), interviews and music lessons from seven countries, recorded from multiple perspectives (multi-angle video)

Abstract Background Biologging studies have revealed a wealth of information about the spatio-temporal movements of a wide range of vertebrates large enough to carry electronic tracking tags. Advances in autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs or UAVs) and unmanned aerial vehicles (commonly known as drones), which can carry far larger payloads of sensor technologies, have revealed insights into the environment through which animals travel. Some AUVs have been used to film target animals, but are generally limited to periods as long as a drone operator can actively follow an animal. In the present study, we use an AUV, the REMUS-100 SharkCam, paired with a custom transponder tag attached to the shark, to autonomously follow three basking sharks for a cumulative total of 10.9 h to collect video and environmental data on their sub-surface behaviour. The basking shark is the second largest fish in the world and is endangered globally, but despite being subject to various biologging studies, little is known of this species breeding ecology and their mating grounds remain unknown. Results We detail the first successful autonomous tracking of basking sharks, comprising three missions that filmed basking sharks in mid-water and close to benthic habitats. Sharks spent very little time feeding, and travelled relatively close to sandy, rocky and algae-covered benthos. One basking shark was observed defecating. Conspecifics were not observed in the three missions, nor were courtship or breeding behaviours. AUV offset distances for videography were determined iteratively through tracking. These offsets varied depending on the trade-off of between water clarity and proximity of the AUV for obtaining useful video data and directly influencing shark behaviour. Conclusions The present study is the first successful use of an AUV to gain insight into the sub-surface behaviour of basking sharks.

Hip-shoulder separation (H-Ssep) has been widely researched in many sporting activities (e.g., golf) to provide information on the contribution of torso rotation to performance and injury. Although it is necessary for high jumpers to generate significant long-axis rotation to successfully clear the bar, limited information exists on H-Ssep for high jump athletes. As such, this study aimed to (a) characterize the H-Ssep of world-class high jump athletes during competition, (b) determine if differences exist between male and female athletes and (c) to examine the relationship between H-Ssep and the biomechanical parameters used to describe high jump technique. Twenty-nine world-class high jumpers (17 males, 12 females) were video recorded (frame rate: 120–200 Hz) during the 2017 and 2018 World Athletics Championship finals. H-Ssep was quantified at touchdown (TD) and take-off (TO) following manual digitizing (SIMI motion) and a number of other common biomechanical parameters were computed. The observed levels of H-Ssep at TD (−46±12°) and TO (16 ±11°) were in line with those reported previously for other sports. The magnitude of H-Ssep varied between individuals and showed significant associations with other approach and take-off characteristics. Significant differences in H-Ssep were not evident between male and female athletes despite significant differences in other performance- and technique-related parameters. These findings highlight the divergent take-off characteristics of world-class performers and their reliance on hip-shoulder interactions when generating long axis rotation. Coaches should be mindful of the mechanical and physical consequences of H-Ssep when developing technical models, conditioning interventions and coaching strategies.

This note introduces two short documentary videos made from recordings collected with two Baiku Yao craftspeople living in Nandan County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in southwestern China. I discuss my background and approach to ethnographic documentary and contextualize my role as part of a binational research team. The first video features Mr. Li Guicai weaving a rice basket in Huali village and details the craftsman's practice. The second video follows Mr. Lu Bingzhao of Manjiang village as he makes a wooden mallet for a family member. While both documentaries foreground the creative process, they also provide a glimpse into the social lives of makers and the personal and cultural contexts of their craft work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work aims to develop the digital competence of students and implement the use and knowledge of ICT tools in the classroom. This type of tools and competence have become even more important since the outbreak of the global pandemic of COVID-19 and the impact that it has had on the new reality of higher education teaching in Spain. Also, we intend that students learn and improve their knowledge of the German language while acquiring specialized knowledge, more specifically about medical language (vaccinology). To this end, we propose an activity that, as a summary, consists of subtitling five videographies on vaccinology from German into Spanish. We also analyze how useful the translation and the subtitling process are, as well as the audiovisual product in the classroom and its benefits when learning a new language. Finally, we will assess the activity what will allow us to corroborate if we have fulfilled the objectives we set, if our activity has been useful and if its design is adequate for the new teaching reality mentioned above. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract. Background: Data from KPAI indicates that there is a high number of perpetrators and victims of bullying. On the other hand, bullying impacts on physical and mental health risks. Especially in line with the development of communication systems, interaction and communication on digital platforms increasingly out of control. The research aims to examine the effectiveness of videography related to bullying material to increase the understanding of bullying. Methods: Data from participants (N = 4) involved in the study were processed qualitatively, including differences in the understanding of participants when before and after the provision of material through videography. Results: Qualitatively, there was an increase in understanding of bullying by using videography. Discussion: Videography based learning always connects to learning spaces and zones, reflection for action (before action), reflection in action (during an action), and reflection of action (after action) consist of the role of reflection and action in learning. Conclusion: The use of videography with Powtoon is effective in increasing understanding of bullying. Implication: For Educators, trainers, and presenters, the use of videography with Powtoon can be applied as a medium in learning and teaching. Abstrak. Latar belakang: Data dari KPAI mengindikasikan bahwa terdapat jumlah pelaku dan korban bullying yang cukup tinggi. Di sisi lain, bullying berdampak pada resiko kesehatan fisik dan kesehatan mental. Terlebih sejalan dengan berkembangnya sistem komunikasi, interaksi dan komunikasi pada platform digital semakin tidak terkendali. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas videography terkait materi bullying terhadap peningkatan pemahaman bullying. Metode: Data dari partisipan (N = 4) yang terlibat pada penelitian diolah secara kualitatif, meliputi perbedaan pemahaman partisipan ketika sebelum dan sesudah pemberian materi melalui videography. Hasil: Secara kualitatif, terdapat peningkatan pemahaman bullying dengan menggunakan videography. Diskusi: Pembelajaran berbasis videography selalu menghubungkan ke ruang dan zona belajar, refleksi untuk tindakan (sebelum tindakan), refleksi dalam tindakan (selama aksi), dan refleksi tindakan (setelah tindakan) terdiri dari peran refleksi dan tindakan dalam pembelajaran. Kesimpulan: Penggunaan videography dengan Powtoon efektif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman bullying. Implikasi: Bagi Pendidik, pelatih, dan pemateri, penggunaan videography dengan Powtoon bisa diterapkan sebagai media dalam belajar dan mengajar.

Monsieur M, 1968 (France, 2011), directed by Laurent Cibien and Isabelle Berteletti, is a documentary that originated from an agenda, dated 1968, found in a house after the death of its owner. Day after day, M, 41, an old boy living with his parents, an office worker at the National Geographical Institute, describes and recounts without passion the meagre events of his life, in a period when everything seems to be out of whack. Thus, the daily functionalism, lived by the strange diarist, transforms into a filmic daydream. But how does the audiovisual mediation create the poetry of daily life capable of making people think about the expression of history on screen? The ordinary daily life appears first of all essential. In addition, history is captured through the psychogeography of everyday life. Finally, the sound editing and the use of videography lead to affirm the disturbing strangeness of the story captured in M’s eye and the modalities of the resistance to May 68.

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sustained shared thinking (SST) is considered an important element of high-quality teacher child interaction (SIRAJ-BLATCHFORD, SYLVA, MUTTOCK, GILDEN & BELL, 2002). However, SST rarely occurs in early childhood institutions, and when it is studied, it is mainly observed in dyadic interactions. Since communication in kindergarten also takes place in group settings, polyadic SST-dialogues were explored in this study using videography, information about children's family language (monolingual/multilingual) and tests for children on emergent literacy from the international research project "SpriKiDS" (VOGT et al., 2019). Micro-processes were analysed by means of linguistic conversation analysis (BRINKER & SAGER, 2010) and grounded theory method (STRAUSS & CORBIN, 1996 [1990]) to identify strategies that promote SST in groups of children. Within the analysis process, visualisations were developed to discover elements of polyadic SST-interactions and to present findings. In this article, possibilities and limitations of visualisations for analysis and presentation purposes are described by means of two play sequences in different group sizes. The use of visualisations seems to support the exploration of teachers' interaction strategies and helps to discover patterns by putting an analytical lens on micro-processes around children's SST-contributions. An added value is seen in the graphic display of complex relationships, which can contribute to the understanding in presentations.

Sustained shared thinking (SST) is considered an important element of high-quality teacher child interaction (SIRAJ-BLATCHFORD, SYLVA, MUTTOCK, GILDEN & BELL, 2002). However, SST rarely occurs in early childhood institutions, and when it is studied, it is mainly observed in dyadic interactions. Since communication in kindergarten also takes place in group settings, polyadic SST-dialogues were explored in this study using videography, information about children's family language (monolingual/multilingual) and tests for children on emergent literacy from the international research project "SpriKiDS" (VOGT et al., 2019). Micro-processes were analysed by means of linguistic conversation analysis (BRINKER & SAGER, 2010) and grounded theory method (STRAUSS & CORBIN, 1996 [1990]) to identify strategies that promote SST in groups of children. Within the analysis process, visualisations were developed to discover elements of polyadic SST-interactions and to present findings. In this article, possibilities and limitations of visualisations for analysis and presentation purposes are described by means of two play sequences in different group sizes. The use of visualisations seems to support the exploration of teachers' interaction strategies and helps to discover patterns by putting an analytical lens on micro-processes around children's SST-contributions. An added value is seen in the graphic display of complex relationships, which can contribute to the understanding in presentations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A micro-sociological examination of the driving lesson raises the following question: How is the interaction between learner driver and driving instructor structured in this technical setting, and what meaning can be ascribed in this threefold constellation to the vehicle with its various technical elements? This case study examines the orientation patterns which exist between the learner driver, the driving instructor, and the car, which together constitute a socio-technical triangle, and what actions the learner driver needs to learn to enable them to drive the car safely. The theoretical background to the study is provided by interactionist theories, which have been broadened to include a greater sensitivity for the body and technology, and a sociological reading of postphenomenology. Using a method based on this theoretical background and informed by workplace studies, this study observed and made audiovisual recordings of driving lessons. This approach made it possible to undertake a detailed analysis of the situations, reveal how the human body interacts with technology, and how a person's attention responds to technical information. In these situations, the driving instructor takes on the role of the translator by mediating between various situational definitions--one's own, that of the inexperienced learner driver, other motorists, and the driver assistance systems in the car. The driving instructor represents the driving school as an institution that is responsible for creating an intersubjectively arranged understanding of how to deal with technology and socio-technical situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smile is one of the most effective means by which people convey their emotions. The objective of this study was to capture, analyse and measure the parameters through videos clips for studying the dynamics of posed and unposed smile and to measure the parameters through video clips for studying the dynamics of speech. A total of 100 subjects seeking orthodontic treatment with Angle's Class I malocclusion were included in the study. The principal investigator selected the frames for speech and a panel of five members selected the appropriate frames for posed smile and unposed smiles. Frames after videography were used for measurements. Parameters like Maximum incisor exposure, Lower lip to upper incisor, Gingival exposure, Inter-labial gap etc were measured in "mm" for posed and unposed smile frames. Categorical data was compared using McNemar's test. p ​< ​0.05 was considered significant. The median of maximum upper incisal exposure (p ​= ​2.2e-16), lower lip to upper incisor (p ​= ​2.422e-13A), inter-labial gap (p ​= ​2.2e-16 A), smile width (p ​= ​5.212e-16 A) and smile index were significant (p ​= ​0.0001 A). There was a significant change from not exposed to exposed gingival exposure over posed smile to unposed smile (p ​= ​0.0008). The most posterior maxillary tooth visible in the posed and unposed groups were the second premolars in 57% and 74% patients, respectively. In both the smile groups, 55% of subjects exhibited a consonant smile. It can be concluded that the information obtained from the current video graphic study can be used as a guideline for the diagnosis and as a part of comprehensive treatment planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digitization of video recordings often requires the laborious procedure of manually clicking points of interest on individual video frames. Here, we present progressive tracking, a procedure that facilitates manual digitization of markerless videos. In contrast to existing software, it allows the user to follow points of interest with a cursor in the progressing video, without the need to click. To compare the performance of progressive tracking with the conventional frame-wise tracking, we quantified speed and accuracy of both methods, testing two different input devices (mouse and stylus pen). We show that progressive tracking can be twice as fast as frame-wise tracking while maintaining accuracy, given that playback speed is controlled. Using a stylus pen can increase frame-wise tracking speed. The complementary application of the progressive and frame-wise mode is exemplified on a realistic video recording. This study reveals that progressive tracking can vastly facilitate video analysis in experimental research.

World-class marathon runners make initial contact with the rearfoot, midfoot or forefoot. This novel study analyzed kinematic similarities and differences between rearfoot and non-rearfoot strikers within the men's and women's 2017 IAAF World Championship marathons across the last two laps. Twenty-eight men and 28 women, equally divided by footstrike pattern, were recorded at 29.5 and 40 km (laps 3 and 4, respectively) using two high-definition cameras (50 Hz). The videos were digitized to derive spatiotemporal and joint kinematic data, with additional footage (120 Hz) used to identify footstrike patterns. There was no difference in running speed, step length or cadence between rearfoot and non-rearfoot strikers during either lap in both races, and these three key variables decreased in athletes of either footstrike pattern to a similar extent between laps. Men slowed more than women between laps, and overall had greater reductions in step length and cadence. Rearfoot strikers landed with their foot farther in front of the center of mass (by 0.02–0.04 m), with non-rearfoot strikers relying more on flight distance for overall step length. Male rearfoot strikers had more extended knees, dorsiflexed ankles and hyperextended shoulders at initial contact than non-rearfoot strikers, whereas female rearfoot strikers had more flexed hips and extended knees at initial contact. Very few differences were found at midstance and toe-off. Rearfoot and non-rearfoot striking techniques were therefore mostly indistinguishable except at initial contact, and any differences that did occur were very small. The spatiotemporal variables that differed between footstrike patterns were not associated with faster running speeds and, ultimately, neither footstrike pattern prevented reductions in running speeds. The only joint angle measured at a specific gait event to change with fatigue was midswing knee flexion angle in men. Coaches should thus note that encouraging marathon runners to convert from rearfoot to non-rearfoot striking is unlikely to provide any performance benefits, and that training the fatigue resistance of key lower limb muscle-tendon units to avoid decreases in step length and cadence are more useful in preventing reductions in speed during the later stages of the race.

The aim of this study was to assess on videographs the intra- and inter-rater reproducibility of the Smile Esthetic Index (SEI) that has been previously validated on photographs. Smile videographs were obtained using a smartphone associated with the Smile Lite MDP mounted on a tripod. They were then randomized and evaluated twice consecutively at a 1-week interval by three periodontists according to the SEI based on 10 variables. Cohen’s Kappa and Fleiss’ Kappa tests were performed to measure intra- and inter-rater agreement. Sixty-five smile videographs of 24 men and 41 women (mean age 33 ± 11.3 years) were scored. A mean intra-rater agreement of 0.68 (0.64–0.73) was obtained, representing substantial agreement. The inter-rater agreement calculated for each variable ranged from 0.31 for the variable “absence of visible excessive gingiva” to 0.90 for the variable “absence of diastema and/or missing inter-dental papilla.” Within the limits of this study, we have demonstrated that it was possible to use videographs to reproducibly evaluate an aesthetic score (SEI) previously validated on photographs.

Anaemia is a huge global health challenge. Iron deficiency (ID) is the most prevalent, preventable, and treatable cause of anaemia worldwide. ID anaemia (IDA) is frequent in patients with heart failure. ID is an important factor in the development of heart failure but is also considered a separate condition with unfavourable clinical and prognostic consequences. In this review, the authors narrate how IDA affects the myocardium, and the possible mechanisms surrounding this impact are described. The review summarises the pathological changes seen in ID cardiomyopathy via ECG, videography, and laboratory tests. Using these tests, the early changes in the myocardium of patients with IDA have been recognised, resulting in the identification of pivotal and developmental targets for improving the morbidity and mortality of patients with IDA. Some of the progress in treatment of IDA patients has also been described. Although IDA patients experience myocardium remodelling, patients can recover heart function through iron supplementation, such as using ferric carboxymaltose. In addition, this paper includes a discussion surrounding the sex differences of the disease; however, research on this aspect is limited and should form the focus of future investigations. The authors focus on myocardial changes in adults with acute or chronic IDA.

In recent years, a variety of internet techniques for visualizing data and information have been published. The analysis of design elements, image properties, and information in the Egyptian sporting online news are the important tasks to identity, which any level to achieve this feasibility in Egyptian sporting online news as the main aim of this research paper. This paper depends on the descriptive process of samples of Egyptian sporting online news, which were selected according to specified parameters, and then utilized the analytical method to analyze the graphic design elements, regardless content. The study concluded with a series of results, the most important of which are: There is no clear interest in the Egyptian sporting online news, by exploiting the full potential of the infographic tools and the lack of a clear policy towards interactivity. The research also pointed to the keenness of websites to link to social media sites, although there is a mechanism for public participation and comment, which it is not activated because the editors did not care to respond to readers' queries, it came in general free from any comments. Egyptian sporting online news is using video clips that does not convey information about the event, but just a video of the events without any visualization tools, and some of them are imported from television channels without any addition from the designers of the video. The study recommends attention to the text characterization and also to avoid using the size of 12 pixels and avoid the use of small images, as well as attention to the output of the video in the Egyptian sporting online news, which can give the reader more space than interactive.

Brown tree snake introduction to the snake-free island of Guam has severely impacted its native terrestrial vertebrates and economy. These nocturnal predators have extirpated forest birds, caused drastic reductions of lizards, and there is a major concern that snakes could be dispersed to other areas through Guam’s cargo transportation systems. Techniques to deter the spread of snakes include cargo inspection with detector dogs and live trapping using live mice as lures to reduce snake densities in cargo handling areas. Maintaining mice in traps is expensive, and an inanimate lure would be highly desirable. Oral baiting with dead neonatal mice (DNM) treated with acetaminophen is another technique being implemented for reducing snake populations. An objection to DNM is that they decompose and become putrid after 3-4 days. Consumption of 21 candidate bait matrices was compared to DNM in free-choice tests in individually caged snakes under laboratory conditions. Consumption of dead quail chicks and geckos was equivalent to DNM. Processed canned meat products, stew beef, and chicken were 30-50% as effective as DNM. Baits not consumed included dog blood, beef liver, and quail eggs. Under field conditions with live trapped snakes, consumption of 7 bait matrices was compared to DNM in 1-choice tests. DNM were preferred (55% consumption) over all other baits. Consumption of plastic lizards, chicken fat, and mealworms was 33%, 14%, and 13%, respectively. Odoriferous chemicals (n = 23), characteristic of decomposing animal flesh, were evaluated for their ability to attract snakes in the field. Chemicals were individually evaluated by placing them on tofu baits in PVC tubes (bait stations). Snake activity around the bait stations was monitored with infrared videography. Some of the 23 chemicals (i.e., L-methionine, 3-methyl-1-butanethiol) appeared to attract snakes to the tubes. However, no tofu baits treated with chemicals were consumed, whereas 100% of the snakes that visited tubes baited with DNM consumed the dead mice. These results, along with analysis of videos, indicate that chemicals may act as long distance lures but are insufficient for stimulating and initiating consumptive or appetitive search behaviors at close range.

Development, implementation and reflection of blended learning scenarios, have become established in both research and education (Mehl 2011). Results are evident for the different phases of teacher education. Imbedded in a design based research a blended learning scenario was developed in which students were enabled to video-record each other’s teaching and interacting during school lessons and finally to cooperatively reflect those. Evaluation was realized with guided group interviews. Based on interferences when students reflected their own and fellow students’ teaching, clear effects can be outlined. By dealing with their own and their fellow students’ video material students gained new knowledge and competencies.

The rise of digital photography and videography has made the creation, sharing and commercialisation of high-quality photographs and videos more accessible, in terms of both cost and skills required. This thematic report examines the impact on copyright infringement of the increase in photographs and videos containing public art. It then analyses the applicability, for such photographs and videos, of the general exceptions for protection of artistic works in South Africa’s Copyright Act 98 of 1978. The author argues that the Act’s general exceptions are too ambiguous, and in at least one important case too narrow, and thus insufficient to cater to the current digital environment. Accordingly, the author proposes the introduction of broadened and clarified copyright exceptions that include fairness requirements.

Ecological, behavioral and biomechanical studies often need to quantify animal movement and behavior in three dimensions. In laboratory studies, a common tool to accomplish these measurements is the use of multiple, calibrated high-speed cameras. Until very recently, the complexity, weight and cost of such cameras have made their deployment in field situations risky; furthermore, such cameras are not affordable to many researchers. Here, we show how inexpensive, consumer-grade cameras can adequately accomplish these measurements both within the laboratory and in the field. Combined with our methods and open source software, the availability of inexpensive, portable and rugged cameras will open up new areas of biological study by providing precise 3D tracking and quantification of animal and human movement to researchers in a wide variety of field and laboratory contexts.

Aim. To comparatively analyze different phonetic tests used for assessing smile display, i.e. pronunciation of ―ee‖ phoneme, ―chee‖, ―cheese‖, ―Chester eats cheesecake by the Chesapeake‖. Methods. Registrations were made using videography. Subjects were placed sited, instructed to hold their head in a natural position, and asked to repeat five consecutive times each of the four phonetic tests, whose order was randomized. For horizontal display maximal intercommissural width was evaluated, and for vertical display the distance between stomion superius and the maximal incisal edge was analyzed. Results. Nineteen participants were included, 8 males and 11 females, aged 24 to 29 years old (mean 25 years). During speech, maximal horizontal display was observed while pronouncing ―ee‖ phoneme, and maximal vertical display while saying ―chee‖. While smiling, maximal horizontal and vertical display were rather similar for all four previously used phonetic tests. Paired t-test revealed that for all four named phonetic tests, during speech compared to a posed smile, the horizontal display was statistically significant reduced (the difference ranged from .65 to 1.56 of the width of the right central maxillary incisor) and maximal vertical display was rather similar. Conclusions. The mentioned phonetic tests seem more appropriate for the analysis of vertical smile display than for the horizontal smile display, for the latter a correction coefficient being most probably necessary. The use of a phonetic test followed by a posed social smile may positively contribute, through this ―functional exercise‖, to obtaining a more natural outcome by decreasing the variability of the social smile acknowledged when using static methods.

Airborne video images which have several advantages over satellite images and aerial photographs were captured over some selected areas. After they were refined to increase their interpretability, the images were assessed in accordance with the existing map accuracy specifications. Four algorithms of image refinement were tested. These include projective, row duplication, row interpolation and statistical correlation function. Numerous test points were selected on the image and their coordinates were compared to their ground positions. The results suggest that a solid-state video camera can provide images that are sufficiently accurate for medium-scale topographic mapping. Ketelitian Geometrik dan Optimalisasi Tingkat Ketajaman Citra Video Citra video, yang mempunyai beberapa keuntungan dibandingkan dengan citra satelit dan foto udara, diperoleh dari hasil penerbangan di atas suatu daerah. Setelah citra tersebut direstorasi untuk meningkatkan tingkat ketajamannya, dilakukan proses fotogrametri untuk mengevaluasi tingkat ketelitian geometriknya. Restorasi citra dilakukan secara digital dengan empat macam teknik, yaitu projektif, interpolasi baris, duplikasi baris, dan kolerasi statistic. Evaluasi keteletian geometrik dilakukan dengan membandingkan koordinat sejumlah titik yang diamati pada citra video dengan posisi seharusnya di lapangan. Hasil pengujian mengindikasikan bahwa kamera video dapat digunakan pada pemotretan udara bagi keperluan pemetaan topografi skala menengah.