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The Editors of the Journal "Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory" invited Professor Gary L. Holstrum and Professor Theodore J. Mock to submit this synopsis of the University of Southern California Audit Judgment Symposium in the belief that many audit researchers and professionals who were not able to attend the conference would benefit from the report. A significant area of audit judgment is the evaluation of audit evidence. This synopsis of audit judgment and evidence evaluation research is based upon papers and presentations made at the 1985. The evaluation of audit evidence may be based on one of several models of inference. Audit evidence could be evaluated according to a Bayesian inference model, a non-Bayesian statistical model, a hierarchical or cascaded inference model, a causal reasoning model, or some other form of inference model. Strengths and weaknesses of various inference models were discussed at the Symposium. The Symposium began with presentations of some current behavioral science research on inference models that are expected to be relevant to audit evidence evaluation.

This special issue of the California Management Review contains a selection of the best papers presented at the Ninth Annual Meeting of the Strategic Management Society, which was held in San Francisco in on October 11-14, 1989. Guest editors Robert Harris and David Mowery provide an overview of the topic of "Strategies for Innovation" (the theme of the conference) and discuss its critical importance to management practice. They provide an introduction to the articles in this special issue and conclude with an exploration of other dimensions of strategy and innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Provides information on the sessions held during the 43rd annual meeting of the Society for the History of Technology at the Fairmont Hotel in San Jose, California on October 4-7, 2001. 'Silicon Valley, Innovation and the History of Modern Computing'; 'The Many Faces of Cybernetics'; 'Consumers Are Always Right'; 'Factories and Workers in Early Industrial Europe.'

Focuses on the agenda for the 1999 International Conference of Software Engineering in Los Angeles, California. Enhancement of the industrial presentation programs; List of participating research papers; Topics and writers for the research papers.

The Third International Conference on Data Engineering was held in Los Angeles, California on February 2 to 6, 1987. The conference was designed as an international forum for bringing together researchers, developers, managers, strategic planners and other users with an interest in the research, design and development of data engineering methodologies, strategies and systems. Its scope includes computer science, artificial intelligence, electrical engineering, and computer engineering. It featured papers from all major areas of data engineering, including database design and modeling, performance evaluation, algorithms, integrity, security, fault tolerance, query language, artificial intelligence approaches, knowledge bases, database machines, distributed databases and data engineering applications.

Provides information on the 2003 Applied Voice Input/Output Society (AVIOS) Speech Developers Conference & SpeechTEK Spring EXPO, held in San Jose, California from March 31 to April 3, 2003. Background on AVIOS; Connection of the "International Journal of Speech Technology," with AVIOS conference; Awards given to research papers on speech technology.

The Symposium on Foundations in Software Engineering is an annual conference sponsored by Association for Computing Machinery, a computer portal and dedicated to the presentation of innovative research results contributing to an engineering discipline for software systems. This special section of the July 1998 issue of the journal IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering features three of the best papers from the fourth symposium, held in October 1996 in San Francisco, California. During its first half-decade, research results presented at this conference have covered engineering research topics. However, a number of distinguishing properties tend to characterize the best of the papers and have helped set the standards for high-quality software engineering research. The three papers in this special section illustrate these properties. One of the critical challenges for software engineering research is to find practical tools that help system builder restructure existing systems. Mark Moriconi was general chair for the symposium and deserves considerable credit for its success.

Provides information on meetings of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS) in 2005 in the U.S. The 2005 TMS Annual Meeting from February 13 to 17, 2005 in San Francisco, California; 2005 Electronic Material Conference from June 22 to 24, 2005 in Santa Barbara, California; MS&T 2005 from September 25 to 28, 2005 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Presents a list of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS)-sponsored meetings and calls for papers in the U.S. for the period of 2004 to 2005. 2004 Electronic Materials Conference in Indiana; TMS Annual Meeting in California in 2005; Device Research Conference in Indiana in 2004.

No abstract received. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights the activities and topics discussed at the International Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IEEE) Microwave Theory and Techniques Society (MTTS) International Microwave Symposium held from June 13 to 19, 1999 in Anaheim, California. Guest speakers; Presentation of the IEEE Electromagnetics Award and the IEEE MTT-S 1999 IEEE Fellows; Scientific paper competition.

The article informs that the sixty-fourth annual meeting of the Economic History Association will be held in San Jose, California from 10-12 September, 2004. Many of the sessions will be focused on the theme "Technological Change and Economic Growth in History." The program committee encourages submissions that provide a historical or interdisciplinary perspective on key issues in technological change, social and economic innovation, productivity, and economic growth. Graduate students are encouraged to attend. Complete information regarding the program schedule and other details are provided in the article.

Focuses on the Educators Program for SIGGRAPH 2001, the 28th International Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques held in Los Angeles, California in August 2001. Papers from the Educators Program which illustrated creative uses of computer graphics and innovative virtual collaborative learning environments.

This essay provides an overview of the 11th International Conference of the Greening of Industry Network held in San Francisco, USA, on 12–15 October 2003. The conference gave Greening of Industry Network (GIN) members the opportunity to debate issues around the theme of Innovating for Sustainability in a location central to technological innovation in the United States. This special issue of Business Strategy and the Environment focuses on the diverse interpretations of innovation and their impacts on the different strands of sustainability. The conference was timely in its debates about the nature of innovation from system level to product level, and from technological innovation to innovations in the management of a wide range of stakeholders and the resulting impacts on environmental, economic, social and ethical sustainability. This essay briefly discusses the relationship between innovation and sustainability, and considers the factors that either facilitate progress towards a more sustainable future, or present barriers to achieving sustainability. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 16 the annual meeting of International Association for Business and Society (IABS) will be held in California wine country from March 31 to April 3, 2005. The conference theme is "The New World of 21st Century Labor." Conference details are provided in the announcement following these editor comments and on the IABS web page. The 2001 Best Paper Award in the business and society field was announced at the recent IABS conference. The winning article was published in "Business & Society" in the December 2001 issue.

Examines the way science has been used to address intersexuality, according to a paper presented during the Annual Southern California Philosophy Conference in Long Beach on October 21, 2000. Understanding of science as objective and yet influenced by social, historical and cultural factors; Semantic view of theories of how science described reality.

Discusses a paper on intersexuality presented during the Annual Southern California Philosophy Conference in Long Beach on October 21, 2000. Expectation about proper gender activities furnishing the frameworks through which certain features and combinations of features are understood to be fundamental to bodies; Interpretation of a person as a category of sex.

An awareness of the growing importance of the Chinese overseas was recognized in convening the major conference Luodi-shenggen: The Legal Political and Economic Status of Chinese in Diaspora, which was held in San Francisco, California in November 1992. The organizing committee had designated five major themes around which participants could write their papers. Panels were created around these themes, with additional panels developed around topics that emerged as being of concern as planning for the conference progressed. Concern tended to center around the general issues of overseas Chinese communities and, in particular, the origin and structure of new Chinatowns. In total, over 140 papers were presented encompassing these themes during the three days of the conference. Just under half of the papers were presented in Chinese and the rest in English. The sessions on business relations devoted much attention to the strategies of Chinese entrepreneurs within both local and regional contexts. The sessions on migration covered the gamut from theoretical, global aspects of the Chinese diaspora to local dimensions of the Chinese migrant and criminal law. Particular attention was focused on two of the main destinations of migration such as Australia and Canada.

This article presents proceedings of the 108th annual meeting of the American Economic Association (AEA) held in San Francisco, California from January 5-7, 1996. The John Bates Clark Medal for 1995 is awarded to the economist David Card in recognition of these impressive achievements. Card has largely defined and developed the currently dominant methodology in applied labor economics. This approach sets out a testable hypothesis, searches for exogenous variation in the key determinants, and leads to the labor and time-intensive development of an appropriate data base. He has successfully applied this methodology to the most important issues in labor economics, and his research papers have achieved the status of standard references in many areas. The one hundred and eighth annual meeting of AEA was called to order by President Victor Fuchs on January 6, 1996. The first item on the agenda to be considered was minutes of the previous annual meeting as published in Papers and Proceedings issue of the journal "The American Economic Review."

Based on an address given at the April 1995 INFORMS meeting in Los Angeles, this paper's purpose is to suggest the opportunities that the Pacific Rim will bring to OR/MS and INFORMS. It first looks at the two important needs in the profession: to improve the scope of its communications with the public and to expand the context in which OR/MS work is done. After describing some of the radically unfamiliar and different conditions affecting enterprises on the Pacific Rim and suggesting their important challenges, the paper describes some influences acting to inhibit the free growth of the profession and its contributions to society. It closes by suggesting how meeting the challenges of the Pacific Rim cannot only help solve the problems this new context poses, but also help prepare the profession for its larger international future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper was an introduction to the mini-conference, "The Conference as Ritual" The Sacred Journey of the Art Educator," organized by Harold Pearse, Cynthia Taylor and myself for the NAEA Convention in Los Angeles, April 1988. Art Educators from Canada and the United States along with Dr. Michael Owen Jones, author and director of the Folklore and Mythology Center at UCLA (our non-participant observer) looked at our annual spring pilgrimage to various hotels in the United States from historical, psychological, philosophic, structural and ethnographic perspectives. As the introduction to the mini-conference, my paper specifically recounts the ways that I, an individual presenter, have tried to break out of the ritual forms of presentation through the years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most of the papers in this symposium were presented at a conference on the economics of information held at Stanford in April 1975, under the auspices of the National Science Foundation—National Bureau of Economic Research (four of the papers, those by Heal, Salop, Spence and Stiglitz, had been submitted to the Review earlier, but because of the similarity of topic, are published with the conference papers). The papers, though all related to the problems arising from costly information, are diverse both with respect to the question addressed, the techniques of analysis employed and the particular markets investigated. A basic theme running through most of the papers is that imperfect information alters, in a fundamental way, the conventional notion of a market, with buyers and sellers coming together to trade; in a full information equilibrium there is a single price, markets clear and all individuals and firms view themselves as price takers. The price charged is independent of the quantity purchased. Although the notion of the market-place is often thought of as an idealization, even when there is not a single market-place at which all transactions occur, the economy behaves as if there were a single market-place; this will be true so long as there are some arbitrageurs to make sure that the "law of single price" prevails. Finally, conventional theory has shown that under fairly weak conditions such a competitive equilibrium exists and is Pareto Optimal. Recent developments in the economics of information, including the papers presented here, have shown that ail of these statements are questionable. In the papers presented here, there is not a single price in equilibrium; firms do not act as price takers; prices do more than just clear markets—they convey information; prices charged may depend on the quantity purchased; competitive equilibrium may not exist and may not be Pareto Optimal. The basic character of how we ought to view the competitive economy is altered if we take seriously imperfections of information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information on the book "Individual and Social Responsibility: Child Care, Education, Medical Care, and Long-Term Care in America," edited by Victor R. Fucus. Here ten papers presented at a National Bureau of Economic Research Conference held in Stanford, California, in October 1994, examine organization, finance, and production in the industries of child care, education, health care and long-term care for the elderly, and present some theoretical and institutional perspective on human services. Henry Hansmann examines the changing roles of public, private, and non-profit enterprise in education, health care and other human services.

The article presents various announcements of several societies in the U.S. The 10th national meeting of the Operations Research Society of America will be held in San Francisco, California on November 15-16, 1956. The Johns Hopkins University will award the third annual Lanchester Prize of $1000 for the best operations-research paper published in calendar year 1956. The council of the Operations Research Society of America has agreed to underwrite the publication of a series of independent bound volumes called Operations-Research Monographs.

Presents abstracts of papers submitted at the poster session of the 2003 Spinal Cord Conference and Training that was held in Long Beach, California in June 2003. Information on medullary substrate for cardiovascular differential responses to stimulation of specific acupoints with electroacupuncture; Effect of gabapentin and tramadol on neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury; Use of functional magnetic stimulation for restoring cough in patients with tetraplegia.

Presents abstracts of papers submitted at the 2003 Spinal Cord Conference and Training that was held in Long Beach, California in June 2003. Review of repair strategies after spinal cord injury; Focus on the pharmacological changes of the spinal cord associated with the learning of a motor task; History and potential of bion, a family of imlpantable neuromuscular micro-stimulations.

Presents abstracts of the papers submitted during the 2003 Spinal Cord Conference and Training, held in Long Beach, California, between June 2-7, 2003.

Presents abstracts of papers presented at the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Society for Investigative Dermatology, held in May 2002 in Los Angeles, California. Inclusion of angiogenesis and vascular biology; Growth factors and signal transduction; Photobiology; Pigmentation.

Reports on the symposium on atmospheric general circulation modeling held at the University of California, Los Angeles. Guest of honor; Participants; Papers presented.

The article attempts to provide information on archives that will be of interest to academics. Potential topics of the archives range from new collections, film restorations and film festivals to accompanying documentation, such as information on holdings of the papers of corporations and individuals. The goal is to publicize ongoing activities of archives within a framework indicating their possible use to scholars. It informs that the west coast branch of the Museum of Television and Radio opened in the spring of 1996 in Beverly Hills, California. At the Ottawa SCS conference, a project of the Motion Picture/Broadcasting/Recorded Sound Division of the Library of Congress was previewed during a special workshop.

Presents news briefs relating to biologists and biology. Dedication of an addition to the U.S. National Clonal Repository System in Hilo, Hawaii, which houses the nation's germplasm for tropical, Pacific Basin crops such as acerola, cherry, breadfruit, and guava; Meeting of the New York Academy of Sciences during which awards were presented to James F. Gusella, Frank H. Ruddle, Saul Krugman, and Barbara A. Baird; Creation of the Association of Ecosystem Research Centers; Richard C. Atkinson, chancellor of the University of California at San Diego, who has been named president-elect of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Through a critical scrutiny of sociological research in various policy areas, a 1972 conference of seventy persons met in Carmel, California from December 6 to 9, 1972, to post some new directions for graduate training in sociology. Organized by the American Sociological Association, the conference brought U.S. sociologists and other social scientist for an intensive three day meeting. The conference was designed to focus on two major changes that loom before the discipline. The first involve new patterns of federal funding for research and training and the second concerns the increasing emphasis on the need to provide rigorous and responsible social scientific contributions to social policy. To sharpen the discussion on such issues, the Conference Committee arrange for 15 persons to volunteer to prepare special papers that were organize into five general conference seminars. Each author took a given policy area, selected a piece of sociological research and evaluated the work for its policy implications and impact.

The article presents information on various conferences related to biological sciences in the U.S. The Central and Midwestern State Simulation Council's symposium on simulation in medicine and biology will be held during January 17-18, 1967, in Rochester, Minnesota. International Symposium on Drug Research will be held during June 12-14, 1967, in Montreal, Quebec. The 10th national Wilderness Conference will be held during April 7-9, 1967, in San Francisco, California. The annual meeting of the Association of Official Seed Analysts (AOSA) was held in Vancouver, British Columbia, during June 17-24, 1966. At the meeting, there was discussion about the longevity and germination requirements of various seeds.

In the article, the author discusses the change in the field of sociology. He suggests that a larger proportion of sociologists are now being drawn from background, with relatively high socio-econoimc status. This makes them less Iikely to be threatened by events which may lower the status of the profession. Within this group, those who are most confident and secure of their position within the profession will lead the attack on a role conception which offers protection from a threat they do not feel. As an example, the author discusses the 62nd Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association held in San Francisco, California in 1967. The hippie influences and political activities in San Francisco are discussed. A significant number of younger sociologists and sociology graduate students embrace a conception of their professional role that differs in at least two important respects from earlier and still dominant conceptions in the profession. The author describes the newer conception to identify the underlying premises which make it differ from the more traditional view.

Provides information on a conference on the restoration of coastal ecosystem of Santa Catarina Island in Brazil. Exotic plants found in Santa Catarina; Details on the papers presented in the workshop; Outcomes of the workshop.

Reports on the 84th annual meeting of the American Society of Mammalogists to be held from June 12 to 16, 2004 at Humboldt State University in Arcata, California. Registration fee; Accommodations; Social programs of the meeting.