Search

Bovine respiratory disease complex, a complex respiratory ailment in cattle, results from a combination of viral and bacterial factors, compounded by environmental stressors such as overcrowding, transportation, and adverse weather conditions. Its impact extends beyond mere health concerns, posing significant economic threats to the cattle industry. This study presents an extensive investigation into viral pathogens associated with BRDC in Serbian cattle, utilizing serum samples and nasal swabs. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2024 across 65 randomly selected dairy farms in Serbia, excluding farms with vaccinated cattle. The farms were categorized by their livestock count: small (≤50 animals), medium (51–200 animals), and large (>200 animals). Serum samples from adult cattle older than 24 months were tested for antibodies against BVDV, BHV-1, BRSV, and BPIV3. Nasal swab samples from the animals with respiratory signs were tested using PCR for viral genome detection. The results showed seropositivity for all four viruses across all of the farms, with BPIV3 exhibiting universal seropositivity. Medium-sized and large farms demonstrated higher levels of seropositivity for BRSV and BHV-1 compared to small farms (p < 0.05). Our true seroprevalence estimates at the animal level were 84.29% for BRSV, 54.08% for BVDV, 90.61% for BHV-1, and 84.59% for BPIV3. A PCR analysis of the nasal swabs revealed positive detections for BRSV (20%), BHV-1 (1.7%), BVDV (8%), and BPIV3 (10.9%). Influenza D virus was not found in any of the samples. This study provides critical insights into the prevalence and circulation of viral pathogens associated with BRDC in Serbian cattle, emphasizing the importance of surveillance and control measures to mitigate the impact of respiratory diseases in cattle populations.

Sudska veterinarska medicina ili veterinarska forenzika je naučna disciplina koja se bavi vezom i primenom veterinarsko-medicinskih činjenica u pravnim problemima. Osnove bilo koje forenzičke veterinarske istrage su slične onima koje su u osnovi sudske medicine kod ljudi i podrazumevaju objektivnost, pažljivo vođenje evidencije i obezbeđivanje sledljivosti dokaza. Međutim, glavna razlika leži u velikom broj vrsta životinja koje se mogu ispitivati kada je u pitanju sudska veterinarska medicina. Stoga, nije realno očekivati da bilo koji veterinar bude upućen u sve vrste. U zavisnosti od vrste životinje, koriste se različite dijagnostičke i forenzičke metode. Kada su u pitanju kućni ljubimci najčešći razlozi za forenzička ispitivanja su slučajevi nezakonitog ubijanja i zlostavljanja životinja, ujedne rane usled međusobne borbe životinja, iznenadno uginuće, kao i slučajevipostojanjaodgovornosti veterinara za stručne grešake. Tokom forenzičkog ispitivanja i prikupljanja dokaza u cilju utvrđivanja uzroka uginuća životinja najčešće korišćena metoda jeste postmortalni pregled životinje. Obdukcijom se može utvrditi uzrok uginuća, ali i potvrditi/opovrgnuti postojanje stručne greške veterinara. Osim postmortalnog pregleda, važna dodatna dijagnostička metoda jeste histopatološki pregled organa koji se koristi u svim situacijama u kojima patoanatomskim pregledom ne može sa sigurnošću da se utvrdi razlog uginuća. Kao dodatne metode, u svim slučajevimapostojanja sumnje na ubijanje životinja iz vatrenog oružja koristi se rendgensko snimanje celog tela životinje da bi se utvrdilo prisusustvo projekila, ako su u pitanju ustrelne rane. Takođe, s obzirom na česta namerna trovanja kućnih ljubimaca, hemijsko-tokiskološke analize predstavljaju neizostavnu metodu u cilju potvrde sumnje na trovanje postavljene na obdukciji. Forenzičke metode u maloj praksi mogu se koristiti i kod živih životinja u slučajevima kada postoji sumnja na zlostavljanje životinja, u situacijama procene ujednih ran

Interest in wild raptor mortality has increased recently because many species are in decline and this global problem can cause serious biodiversity problems. The main cause of mortality is human activities that lead to extinction of many bird species, including European Gri#on Vulture, whose place in the ecosystem is of great importance. The largest part of the Serbian European Gri#on Vulture population is located in the gorge of the Uvac River in Serbia in the special nature reserve “Uvac”. The birds nest on the high, steep limestone cli#s above river and its accumulation lakes. In Serbia, the European Gri#on Vulture was protected by law in 1994, and since then its population has been increasing. Asphyxia as one of the causes of lethality (mortality) of European Gri#on Vultures in Sebia was studied in the period from 2019 to 2022. Twenty nine dead European Gri#on Vultures were pathomorphologically examined. Informations on species, sex, and date of carcass collection were collected. Of the total 29 birds, asphyxia was the cause of death in 15 cases. The causes of asphyxia were drowning in the lakes as well as in$ammatory diseases such as bronchopneumonia and !brinonecrotic pneumonia, and infectious lesions (tuberculosis, aspergillosis). Saving Gri#on Vultures is of great importance to maintain the function of the entire ecosystem. The impact of these birds on human health is undeniable, making the study of their mortality, identi!cation of potential risks, and elimination of these risks critical to biodiversity conservation.