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This research aims to determine the effect of product and service quality on customer loyalty through KFC consumer satisfaction in Jember. This research is explanatory research, which aims to show the position and influence of the variables studied. The population in this research is all KFC Jember consumers. The sampling method is non-probability sampling with a purposive sampling technique. The sample used was 100 respondents. This research uses quantitative data. The data source in this research is primary data by distributing questionnaires directly to selected respondents. The data analysis method used is path analysis. The research results show that: Product quality has a significant effect on consumer satisfaction. Service quality has a substantial effect on consumer satisfaction. Product quality has a significant effect on customer loyalty. Consumer satisfaction has a significant effect on customer loyalty. Product quality has a significant effect on customer loyalty through consumer satisfaction. Service quality has a significant effect on customer loyalty through consumer satisfaction. The findings of this research are that service quality does not have a significant effect on customer loyalty.

This study investigates the implementation of basic education quality improvement policies in Balikpapan City, a region known for its pivotal role in Indonesia’s oil industry, often referred to as an oil-rich area. The research aims to assess the effectiveness of the Regional Medium-Term Development Plan (2021-2026) in addressing educational quality, considering the city's economic dependence on oil. Adopting a qualitative approach, the study focuses on the Department of Education and Culture in Balikpapan, engaging key informants to evaluate the efficacy of policy implementation. The analysis framework encompasses an evaluation of policy standards, resources, inter-organisational communication, and the characteristics of the implementing agencies. The findings reveal that, while considerable progress has been made in enhancing educational facilities and teacher competencies, challenges persist due to the city’s heavy reliance on the oil sector and its impact on local resources. Furthermore, the study explores the relationship between these challenges and Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4 (quality education) by addressing disparities in resource allocation and the city's limited capacity for economic diversification. The research recommends the integration of more diverse data sources, continuous monitoring, and deeper analysis of the social and economic impacts to further improve educational outcomes. Balikpapan's economic context, as an oil-dependent city, significantly influences its ability to implement and sustain effective educational policies, highlighting the necessity for balanced development strategies aligned with broader SDGs.

The rapid retail development has led to increasingly fierce competition, and micro retail businesses need innovation to survive and thrive. Retail innovation is reflected in the quality of consumers’ behavior in making purchase decisions. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the role of retail behavior quality as an intervening variable on merchandise offer and store image on consumers’ loyalty in micro retail businesses. In this study, the confirmatory and explanatory methods were used, and it was conducted in Jember Regency, East Java, Indonesia with a sample size of 306 consumers of micro retail businesses. Moreover, the data were obtained through a questionnaire, and Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling analysis was used to determine the direct and indirect effects. The results showed that merchandise offer had a positive and significant effect on consumers loyalty both directly and indirectly through retail behavior quality with total effect of 50.4%. Store image had no significant direct effect on consumers loyalty. However, it had a positive and significant direct effect on consumers through retail behavior quality with total effect of 22%. In this context, retail behavior quality played an important role in increasing consumers’ loyalty to micro retail businesses. These results contributed to improved retail quality behavior oriented towards transparency in quality of goods, employee attitudes, in-store environment, product arrangement, and established good relationships with consumers to maintain loyalty. AcknowledgmentThe authors are grateful to the Muhammadiyah University of Jember for funding thisresearch.

Unplanned purchasing involves buying goods or services influenced by the external environment, which creates low-quality purchasing. This research was conducted towards consumers of the Muslim clothing store in Jember East Java, Indonesia. Accidentally, sampling was used to draw 125 respondents to address the questionnaire. The result shows that hedonic shopping, fashion involvement, and store environment influence low purchasing quality in Muslim fashion stores. Most consumers were mature female consumers and government officials with bachelor’s degrees. Moreover, hedonic shopping, fashion involvement and store environment significantly influence low-quality purchase decisions. The research implied that consumers’ shopping behavior would underline the quality of buying decisions.

The pH of Mount Ijen crater water is 0-2, resulting in water that is acidic and sulfurous. A fault near the Mount Ijen Crater causes seepage so that acidic water flows into the Banyupait River. Chemical elements and heavy metals originating from the river pollute groundwater and plants. As a result, people around the river consume heavy metals. This research aims to determine the quality of river water and groundwater, as well as determine community factors that are susceptible to dental fluorosis. The methodology used is field mapping and laboratory analysis. For water samples, the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) method is used. The pH of river water at the research location exceeds the quality standard, namely pH 4-5.5. Meanwhile, groundwater fluorine and sulfate elements exceed quality standards, namely fluorine of 0.6171 mg/L and 0.6870 mg/L, and sulfate ranging from 325-683 mg/L. These two elements cause symptoms of dental fluorosis. Meanwhile, the community factors most susceptible to dental fluorosis are people in the adult age category, and the last level of education is elementary school. This is because the Banyupait River water and groundwater are exposed to fluorine and sulfate water originating from seepage from the Mount Ijen Crater. HIGHLIGHTS Mount Ijen crater water exhibits extreme acidity, containing sulfurous compounds, leading to the acidification of the Banyupait River.; Pollution of groundwater and plants occurs at the Banyupait River, posing health risks to nearby communities.; Groundwater quality parameters, notably fluorine and sulfate levels are identified as contributors to dental fluorosis symptoms.;

Vegetation structural complexity is an important component of forest ecosystems, influencing biodiversity and functioning. Due to the heterogeneous distribution of vegetation elements, structural complexity underpins ecological dynamics, species composition, microclimate, and habitat diversity. Field measurements and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data, such as airborne (ALS) and terrestrial (TLS), can assess structural characteristics of forest and agroforestry systems at various spatial scales. This assessment is urgently needed for monitoring ecosystem restoration in degraded lands (e.g., in oil palm landscapes), where it is not well-known how structural measures derived from these different approaches relate to each other. Here, we compared the degree of correlation between individual and multivariate datasets of vegetation structural complexity metrics derived from ALS, TLS, and ground-based inventory approaches. The study was conducted in a 140 ha oil palm monoculture, enriched with 52 plots in the form of tree islands representing agroforestry systems of varying sizes and planted diversity levels in Sumatra, Indonesia. Our datasets comprised 25 ALS, five TLS, and nine ground-based inventory metrics. We studied correlations among metrics related to traditional stand summary, heterogeneity, and vertical and horizontal stand structure. We used principal component analysis for data dimensionality reduction, correlation analysis to quantify the strength of relationships between metrics, and Procrustes analysis to investigate the agreement between datasets. Significant correlations were found between ALS and TLS metrics for canopy density (r = 0.79) and maximum tree height (r = 0.58) and between ALS and ground-based inventory measures of stand heterogeneity and height diversity (r between 0.60 and −0.63). Further, we observed significant agreements between the ordinations of multivariate datasets (r = 0.56 for ALS − TLS; and r = 0.46 for ALS – ground-based inventory). Our findings underline the ability of ALS to capture structural complexity patterns, especially for canopy gap dynamics and vegetation height metrics, as captured by TLS, and for measures of heterogeneity and vertical structure as captured by ground-based inventories. Our study highlights the strength of each approach and underscores the potential of integrating ALS and TLS with ground-based inventories for a comprehensive characterization of vegetation structure in complex agroforestry systems, which can provide guidance for their management and support ecosystem restoration monitoring efforts.

Abstract Plant diversity effects on community productivity often increase over time. Whether the strengthening of diversity effects is caused by temporal shifts in species-level overyielding (i.e., higher species-level productivity in diverse communities compared with monocultures) remains unclear. Here, using data from 65 grassland and forest biodiversity experiments, we show that the temporal strength of diversity effects at the community scale is underpinned by temporal changes in the species that yield. These temporal trends of species-level overyielding are shaped by plant ecological strategies, which can be quantitatively delimited by functional traits. In grasslands, the temporal strengthening of biodiversity effects on community productivity was associated with increasing biomass overyielding of resource-conservative species increasing over time, and with overyielding of species characterized by fast resource acquisition either decreasing or increasing. In forests, temporal trends in species overyielding differ when considering above- versus belowground resource acquisition strategies. Overyielding in stem growth decreased for species with high light capture capacity but increased for those with high soil resource acquisition capacity. Our results imply that a diversity of species with different, and potentially complementary, ecological strategies is beneficial for maintaining community productivity over time in both grassland and forest ecosystems.

Pola distibusi mikroba atau penyebaran mikroba dalam suatu area perairan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis kepadatan total Vibrio sp., coliform, dan plankton dari air laut, serta hubungan mikroba terhadap pembenihan larva udang vanamei. Penelitian dilakukan bulan April sampai Agustus 2022 berlokasi di Pantai Ketang, Kalianda, Lampung, laboratorium Mikrobiologi dan Zoologi FMIPA Universitas Lampung. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei eksploratif. Tahap penelitian meliputi perhitungan total Vibrio, coliform, plankton, dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup. Analisis dilakukan analysis of variance, jika terdapat perbedaan nyata dilanjutkan uji Duncan (? = 0,05), sedangkan hubungan mikroba dianalisis dengan korelasi Pearson (? = 0,05). Hasil penelitian diketahui kepadatan Vibrio tertinggi pada bulan Mei (3 CFU/ml) dan air pemeliharaan larva (M) (5 CFU/ml), kepadatan coliform sebanyak < 3 MPN/100ml, kepadatan plankton tertinggi terjadi pada bulan Agustus (2×102 ind/L) dan air laut pasang (P) (1×104 ind/L). Terdapat hubungan yang sangat rendah antara kepadatan mikroba terhadap tingkat kelangsungan hidup larva udang vanamei.

This study aims to analyze the sustainability status and analyze attributes sensitive to the sustainability status of Orang Rimba living space in the Taman Nasional Bukit Dua Belas (TNBD) area. The results showed that the sustainability status of Orang Rimba living space in the TNBD area in the ecological, economic, and institutional dimensions is quite sustainable, while socio-cultural is less sustainable. Multidimensional analysis of the sustainability of Orang Rimba living space in TNBD with an index of expert respondents and public respondents, both of which are categorized as unsustainable. Sensitive attributes of the ecological dimension include the suitability of Orang Rimba customary spaces with management zones, biodiversity management, and the suitability of Orang Rimba living activities. Sensitive attributes of the economic dimension include the potential of non-timber forest products, Orang Rimba's high expenditure, TNBD's direct benefits to Orang Rimba, and the market for non- timber forest products. Sensitive attributes of the socio-cultural dimension include Orang Rimba involvement in TNBD management, population growth, Orang Rimba education, local cultural practices, and trusting relationships among Orang Rimba. Sensitive attributes of institutional dimensions include the involvement of customary institutions in supervision and evaluation, stakeholder capacity, and mentoring of Orang Rimba

Stability enhancement attempted in this study demonstrated that significant improvement in the stability of the α-amylase isolated from Aspergillus fumigatus was achieved by immobilizing the enzyme on a bentonite/chitosan hybrid matrix using the adsorption method. Centrifugation was used to isolate the α-amylase, which was then refined using (NH4)2SO4 salt precipitation and dialysis. The purity of the α-amylase improved 19.40 times when compared to that of the crude extract. The optimal temperature for free α-amylase is 50˚C, while the optimum temperature for α-amylase/bentonite/chitosan is 60˚C. The KM value of α-amylase/bentonite/chitosan was 1.69 ± 0.08 mg mL-1 substrate and the Vmax value was 52.32 ± 3.29 µmol mL-1 min-1, whereas for free α-amylase, the KM value of 2.56 ± 0.09 mg mL-1 substrate and the Vmax value of 3.78 ± 0.09 µmol mL-1 min-1 were obtained. The ΔGi value of free α-amylase is 102.68 ± 0.30 kJ mol-1 and the t½ is 21.23 ± 0.23 min, whereas the ΔGi value of α-amylase/bentonite/chitosan is 104.43 ± 0.00 kJ mol-1 and the t½ is 94.29 ± 0.91 min. The higher values of ΔGi and t½demonstrated that α-amylase/bentonite/chitosan has better stability than that of free α-amylase. Another important finding is that α-amylase /bentonite/chitosan was able to retain their activity as high as 47.61 ± 0.53% after six recycles, indicating that the enzyme has the potential to be used in industry. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-05-023 Full Text: PDF

IntroductionHigh-throughput sequencing (HTS) provides an efficient and cost-effective way to generate large amounts of sequence data, providing a very powerful tool to analyze biodiversity of soil organisms. However, marker-based methods and the resulting datasets come with a range of challenges and disputes, including incomplete reference databases, controversial sequence similarity thresholds for delimitating taxa, and downstream compositional data analysis. MethodsHere, we use HTS data from a soil nematode biodiversity experiment to explore standardized HTS data processing procedures. We compared the taxonomic assignment performance of two main rDNA reference databases (SILVA and PR2). We tested whether the same ecological patterns are detected with Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASV; 100% similarity) versus classical Operational Taxonomic Units (OTU; 97% similarity). Further, we tested how different HTS data normalization methods affect the recovery of beta diversity patterns and the identification of differentially abundant taxa.ResultsAt this time, the SILVA 138 eukaryotic database performed better than the PR2 4.12 database, assigning more reads to family level and providing higher phylogenetic resolution. ASV- and OTU-based alpha and beta diversity of nematodes correlated closely, indicating that OTU-based studies represent useful reference points. For downstream data analyses, our results indicate that loss of data during subsampling under rarefaction-based methods might reduce the sensitivity of the method, e.g. underestimate the differences between nematode communities under different treatments, while the clr-transformation-based methods may overestimate effects. The Analysis of Compositions of Microbiome with Bias Correction approach (ANCOM-BC) retains all data and accounts for uneven sampling fractions for each sample, suggesting that this is currently the optimal method to analyze compositional data.DiscussionOverall, our study highlights the importance of comparing and selecting taxonomic reference databases before data analyses, and provides solid evidence for the similarity and comparability between OTU- and ASV-based nematode studies. Further, the results highlight the potential weakness of rarefaction-based and clr-transformation-based methods. We recommend future studies use ASV and that both the taxonomic reference databases and normalization strategies are carefully tested and selected before analyzing the data.

Bromelain fiber is the product of extracting the enzyme bromelain from pineapple hulls or peels. Bromelain fiber contains lignocellulose, which, when fully decomposed, is very beneficial for the environment, but it is quite challenging to degrade naturally. Hence, it requires a decomposer agent. The decomposer agents used in this study were cellulolytic fungi Aspergillus sp. (Bioggp 3) and ligninolytic Trichoderma sp. (Bioggp 2). This study aims to determine the effect of compost tea (CT) bromelain fiber induced by these fungi and obtain the best dose of the CT on the growth of land kale (Ipomoea reptans Poir.). This research was conducted in April–July 2022 at the Microbiology Laboratory of FMIPA Unila. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 7 treatments and 4 replications, namely P0 (control), P1 (ACT 25%), P2 (NACT 25%), P3 (ACT 50%), P4 (NACT 50%), P5 (ACT 75%), P5 (NACT 75%). The parameters measured were plant height and number of leaves. The data were analyzed using ANOVA α = 5% followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test with a 5% confidence interval. This study showed that the results with the highest height value and number of leaves were found in P3 (ACT 50%) while the lowest was in P0 (water control). It can be concluded that the ACT and NACT significantly affect the height and number of leaves, and the best dose was found in ACT 50% starting from day 10, 15 , 20, and 25 after planting. Keywords: Aspergillus sp., bromelain fiber, compost tea, Ipomoea reptans Poir, Trichoderma sp.

This study aims to obtain an overview and analyze public perceptions in implementing technology-based health insurance service innovations in the Mobile National Health Insurance (JKN) application conducted by the Indonesian Health Social Security Administration Agency (BPJS). This study used descriptive qualitative method. This research data is generated from the comments column of the JKN mobile application in the AppStore and Play Store. Data collection is done by data mining and data extraction. The data analysis used in this research is Qualitative Data Analytics (QDA). The analytical tool used in this study is Qualitative Data Software Analysis (QDSA) Nvivo 12 Plus. The results of the study show several things, namely the first is related to the features available in the Mobile JKN application. The second is related to the number of downloaders and the number of active users of the Mobile JKN application, and the third is related to the perception generated by users while using the Mobile JKN application. Where it was found that overall public perception of the application of technology-based health insurance service innovations through the JKN mobile application by the Indonesian BPJS Health obtained a perception that tended to be negative. This is shown by the five indicators that mostly get a bad perception from the public, and only two indicators that fully capture good or positive perceptions. Apart from that, other findings also show the dominant sentiment generated while this application is used by the public in obtaining health services.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan pilihan kebijakan pemerintah Indonesia dalam menangani COVID-19. Negara-begara yang terdampak COVID-19 telah menambil Langkah dengan pendekatan yang logis untuk menurunkan angka COVID-19, sedangkan Indonesia sejak kasus COVID-19 pertama ditemukan pemerintah tidak mengambil Langkah antisipasi yang cepat. Untuk menjawab masalah tersebut penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan descriptive analytic untuk menemukan pilihan kebijakan yang dominan oleh pemerintah Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bawah pemerintah Indonesia telah banyak membuat kebijakan untuk menanggulangi krisis kesehatan yang terjadi, kebijakan tersebut terbagi menjadi beberapa focus aspek, aspek ekonomi dan aspek kesehatan. Sejauh ini aspek kesehatan masih menjadi aspek yang dominan dalam kebijakan yang dihasilkan. Namun temuan kamu menunjukkan terjadi kebijakan yang hadir cendrung dipengaruhi oleh political process, dimana kebijakan diambil berdasarkan hirarki politis pemerintah sehingga kementerian dengan position yang utama tidak dapat menggunakan pendekatan scientific dalam menangani kasus COVID-19 di Indonesia.

Abstract Enhancing biodiversity in monoculture-dominated landscapes is a key sustainability challenge that requires considering the spatial organization of ecological communities (beta diversity). Here, we tested whether increasing landscape heterogeneity, through establishing 52 tree islands in an oil-palm landscape, is a suitable restoration strategy to enhance the diversity of six taxa (multi-taxa diversity). Further, we elucidated whether patterns in the spatial distribution of above- and below-ground taxa are related, and their role in shaping multi-taxa beta diversity. After five years, islands enhanced diversity at the landscape scale by fostering unique species (turnover). Partial correlation networks revealed that dissimilarity, in vegetation structural complexity and soil conditions, impacts multi-taxa beta diversity and turnover. In addition, soil fauna, bacteria, and fungi were more strongly associated with the overall community than aboveground taxa. Thus, strategies aiming to enhance multi-taxa diversity should consider the central role of landscape heterogeneity and soil biota.

This study aims to reveal the effect of parental involvement and emotional regulation on students' psychological well-being. The research method used is correlational research which aims to determine the effect between variables. The research population was 410 Mandiri SMK students. Samples were taken randomly as much as 25% of the total population, namely 103 people. The research instrument was a questionnaire about psychological well being, parental involvement, and emotion regulation which was designed with a Likert Scale. Data were analyzed using multiple regression techniques. Based on the analysis, the following research results were obtained: (1) there was a significant effect of parental involvement on students' psychological well-being. This is indicated by the tx1y value of 2.586 > 1.657 with p 1.657 with p 1.657 with p

Background: Ceramic-based drug delivery systems has received significant attention in both medical and material domains. This study used gypsum as a base material for drug delivery chips, which has the potential to replace existing materials such as collagen and gelatin. The choice of gypsum as a material was based on a unique combination of osteoconductive, bioresorbable, and biodegradable characteristics. Methods: In this study, glycerin was added to distilled water at different concentrations (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%) to increase the flexibility of gypsum. Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate powder was then combined with a mixed solution of water and glycerin and stirred. The mixture was then placed in an acrylic mold measuring 25 x 3 x 1.5 mm and allowed to dry for 24 hours at room temperature. After that, the specimen was analyzed to determine flexural strength using the Universal Testing Machine with a three-point bending method at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Results: Statistical analysis revealed that the inclusion of glycerin led to an increase in the percentage of strain. However, it has been observed that the mechanical strength of gypsum chips shows a proportional decrease with increasing glycerin concentration. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the addition of glycerin into the gypsum chip can increase the elasticity of the chip even though the flexural strength is reduced.

Transcendental communication is a relatively new concept in the realm of communication studies. It refers to communication between a servant and God, characterized as transcendent or vertical. One instance of this is observed in the phenomenon of nerve reflex therapy by MH Saifurrahmi, where transcendental communication is utilized. Transcendental communication is also a recent development in the field of communication studies. This article examines the transcendental communication phenomenon present in MH Saifurrahmi's nerve reflex therapy in Mayang, Jambi City. The research adopts a qualitative descriptive approach, collecting data through observations, interviews, and documentation. The research findings reveal that in the nerve reflex therapy conducted by MH Saifurrahmi in Mayang, Jambi City, the phenomenon involves the use of "tawasul" (mediation) as a means of transcendental communication directed toward his mentors and elders, ultimately reaching out to Allah. Additionally, prayer gatherings ("sholat hajat") and supplications serve as measures for healing, advised by MH Saifurrahmi before administering nerve reflex therapy. The outcome of this mediation manifests as intuitive insights experienced by MH Saifurrahmi, enabling him to diagnose conditions and recommend herbal remedies tailored for treatment.

Social media is a forum for users to disseminate information. One of the social media used to provide information is social media Twitter. Twitter is a social media that can express opinions effectively on various issues. The focus of this research is to analyze the activity of the hashtag #PrayForKanjuruhan on Twitter social media. The presence of the #PrayForKanjuruhan hashtag was caused by the tragedy of the riot that occurred between supporters and the police at the Kanjuruhan Stadium, which resulted in many fatalities. This study aims to explore the intensity of the conversation on the hashtag #PrayForKanjuruhan and analyze issues with the topic of concern and criticism in the hashtag conversation #PrayForKanjuruhan on Twitter social media. This study uses a qualitative method with a Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) Miner approach, which is helpful in network, content, and cloud analysis using the Nvivo 12 Plus software. The study results show that the conversation intensity on the #PrayForKanjuruhan hashtag is relatively high, with responses from various groups. The response to the kanjuruhan stadium tragedy found that concern for the victims was greater than criticism of the actors involved. Social media Twitter is an effective forum for users to express responses in response to the Kanjuruhan Stadium disaster. Keywords: Public response, social media, Kanjuruhan Stadium disaster ABSTRAK Media sosial merupakan wadah bagi pengguna untuk menyebarkan informasi. Salah satu media sosial yang digunakan untuk memberikan informasi adalah media sosial Twitter. Twitter adalah media sosial yang dapat mengekspresikan pendapat secara efektif tentang berbagai masalah. Fokus penelitian ini adalah menganalisis aktivitas hashtag #PrayForKanjuruhan di media sosial Twitter. Kehadiran tagar #PrayForKanjuruhan diakibatkan oleh tragedi kerusuhan yang terjadi antara supporter dan polisi di Stadion Kanjuruhan sehingga banyak memakan korban jiwa. Tujuan penelitian kali ini melakukan eskplorasi terkait intensitas percakapan pada tagar #PrayForKanjuruhan dan menganalisis isu dengan topic kepedulian serta kritik pada percakapan tagar #PrayForKanjuruhan di media sosial Twitter. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) Miner yang berguna dalam analisis jaringan, konten, dan cloud menggunakan software Nvivo 12 Plus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa intensitas percakapan pada hashtag #PrayForKanjuruhan relatif tinggi, dengan tanggapan yang datang dari berbagai kalangan. Respon yang tercipta terkait tragedi stadion kanjuruhan ditemukan kepedulian pada korban lebih tinggi dibandingkan kritik terhadap aktor yang terlibat. Media sosial twitter menjadi wadah yang efektif untuk bagi pengguna untuk mengekspresikan tanggapan dalam merespon bencana stadion kanjuruhan. Kata Kunci: Respon public, media social, bencana Stadion Kanjuruhan

Sifat mekanis restorasi komposit resin dapat terdegradasi oleh cairan di lingkungan mulut, termasuk makanan dan minuman seperti buah-buahan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan kekuatan lentur dua komposit mikrohibrid yang berbeda setelah perendaman dalam air suling dan larutan asam sitrat dengan konsentrasi buah jeruk yang biasa dikonsumsi: jeruk mandarin dan lemon. Empat puluh G-aenial PosteriorTM dan empat puluh spesimen batang uji bengkok 3 titik Filtek Z250TM dibagi menjadi empat kelompok, 1 hari penyimpanan kering, 30 hari perendaman dalam air suling, 30 hari perendaman dalam asam sitrat 0,06 mol/L (jeruk mandarin konsentrasi), dan 30 hari perendaman dalam 0,30 mol/L asam sitrat (konsentrasi lemon). Setelah itu, kekuatan lentur spesimen diukur dengan Shimadzu, Japan AGS-X Universal Testing Machine. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik One-Way ANOVA dan Tamhane Post Hoc. Analisis statistik menunjukkan penurunan yang signifikan dalam kekuatan lentur G-aenial PosteriorTM. Komposit Filtek Z250TM juga menunjukkan penurunan kekuatan lentur yang signifikan dari nilai 138,72 ± 6,26 MPa setelah 1 kali penyimpanan kering, menjadi 93,58 ± 7,69 MPa setelah perendaman dalam akuades, 96,39 ± 3,15 MPa setelah perendaman dalam asam sitrat 0,06 mol/L, dan 96,14 ± 5,39 MPa setelah direndam dalam asam sitrat 0,30 mol/L. Perbedaan kekuatan lentur yang signifikan ditunjukkan antara kedua bahan microhybrid, pada masing-masing kelompok perlakuan, dengan nilai Filtek Z250TM yang jauh lebih tinggi. Disimpulkan bahwa perendaman dalam air dan asam sitrat memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kekuatan lentur komposit mikrohibrid.

Pineapple litter has a complex polymer of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, which makes them difficult to decompose. However, pineapple litter has great potential to be a good organic material source for the soil when completely decomposed. The addition of inoculants can facilitate the composting process. This study investigated whether the addition of cellulolytic fungi inoculants to pineapple litters improves the efficiency of the composting processes. The treatments were KP1 = pineapple leaf litter: cow manure (2:1), KP2 = pineapple stem litter: cow manure (2:1), KP3 = pineapple leaf litter: pineapple stem litter: cow manure P1 (leaf litter and 1% inoculum), P2 (stem litter and 1% inoculum), and P3 (leaf + stem litters and 1% inoculum). The result showed that the number of Aspergillus sp. spores on corn media was 5.64 x 107 spores/mL, with viability of 98.58%. Aspergillus sp. inoculum improved the quality of pineapple litter compost, based on the enhanced contents of C, N, P, K, and the C/N ratio, during the seven weeks of composting. Moreover, the best treatment observed in this study was P1. The C/N ratios of compost at P1, P2, and P3 were within the recommended range of organic fertilizer which was 15–25%, with a Carbon/Nitrogen proportion of 11.3%, 11.8%, and 12.4% (P1, P2, and P3), respectively.

The business of making cassava tape has a positive impact, both on entrepreneurs and the local community. For entrepreneurs, the economic impact of this business is to increase their income. In addition, the operation of a labor-intensive cassava tape business will help absorb labor for the local community. Work productivity of employees is very important so the skills of employees in the home industry of cassava tape need to be continuously improved. The purpose of this study was to determine how much influence work skills have on the productivity of making cassava tape in the home industry in Pakusari District, Jember Regency. This research method uses quantitative description. The results of this study indicate that the work skills of employees have a significant positive effect on the productivity of making cassava tape in the home industry in Pakusari District, Jember Regency.

In this research, immobilization of A. fumigatus α-amylase on chitin was studied with the main purpose to improve the characteristics of the enzyme. A series of experiments were carried out to study stability improvement, thermodynamic parameters, include ki, ΔGi, and t½, and reusability of the immobilized enzyme. The experimental results indicate that significant thermal stability was achieved, as indicates by the ability of the enzyme to retain its relative activity above 39% after 80 min of incubation at 60oC. Thermodynamic parameters, include ki, ΔGi, and t½, indicate that the immobilized enzyme is more rigid, stable, and less flexible in the water, resulting in increased stability up to 1.5 times compared to that of the native enzyme. Furthermore, the immobilized enzyme was able to retain over 46% of its initial activity after six consecutive applications for starch hydrolysis, confirming the potential of chitin for the production of immobilized enzymes on an industrial scale. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-01-06 Full Text: PDF

Robo advisor is a technology that can assist investors in managing their portfolios. In the context of Islamic finance, transactions and business relationships must ensure compliance with Sharia principles in order to preserve wealth and meet needs. The use of robo advisors in this context has not been extensively researched. This study aims to determine the use of robo advisors in Islamic wealth management. The research method used is literature review with a normative approach and descriptive-analytical analysis. The data used are from literature on the use of robo advisors and Islamic wealth management in Indonesia over the past five years. Based on the workings of robo advisors, various benefits and limitations are found in their use. The conclusion of the analysis of maṣlaḥah (public interest), functionality, and the urgency of using robo advisors shows that their use in Islamic wealth management can be considered permissible as a means for retail investors and beginners to safeguard wealth (ḥifẓ al-mâl) by applying filters for Sharia-compliant investment instruments and adhering to prohibitions on riba (usury), gharar (uncertainty), maysir (gambling), and haram (forbidden). The research recommendation is to conduct further research on the technical aspects and algorithms used by robo advisors in selecting Sharia-compliant investment instruments, and a sound framework of supervision and regulation is needed to ensure the compliance of robo advisors with Sharia principles and the protection of investors' interests.

This article aims to describe the management of students carried out by teachers at the As-Sunniah Kencong Islamic Boarding School for all students to master Arabic materials to help improve their ability to communicate in Arabic and the implications for student self-determination learning. The research approach used is qualitative research. Data collection techniques utilize observation, interviews, and documentation studies. In this study, researchers used several stages of data analysis, namely the reduction stage, the data presentation stage, making temporary conclusions, and verification activities. The study results concluded that two hours of lessons are scheduled weekly with material according to the level. Meanwhile, the management of students outside the classroom includes Daily Arabic Conversation, Arabic Speech Practice, and Arabic Speech Contests. The management of students in learning Arabic at the As-Sunniah Kencong Islamic Boarding School is that the learning systems and methods are pretty good and effective, learning is in line with Arabic learning theories, the awareness and interest of the students to speak Arabic have grown, and language environment has been built.

Good pedagogical and professional competence of teachers will have implications for the graduates produced. The learning process of Islamic education that is in accordance with the standards and also taught by professional teachers will have implications for the quality of Islamic religious education learning itself. Currently, research on the learning process of Islamic religion that is in accordance with the standards, namely taught by professional teachers, has not been widely studied. Therefore, in this study, researchers were interested in discussing these issues precisely in the MTsN 3 East Aceh. The research method used was descriptive qualitative research. In collecting data, researchers conducted observations and interviews with five participants. The collected data were analyzed using interactive data analysis techniques. The results showed that Islamic education teachers at MTsN 3 East Aceh have met the criteria for pedagogical competence and are included in the category of professional teachers.

The use of the website as a means to bring public services closer to the community is indeed a must for the government in the digital era. The website plays an important role as a medium for the government to disseminate public information. Therefore, government websites that are built and funded through public funds must be able to reach all levels of society and have good performance. Based on that, this Community Service Program seeks to make a small contribution to the Samarinda City Government, especially the Samarinda City DPMPTSP related to training and assistance in evaluating the Public Service Mall website using SortSite 5.3.5. The implementation of the Community Service Program starts from the stages of problem identification, verification, provision of materials, implementation of training and mentoring and evaluation of activities. Based on the observation, it can be said that the training and mentoring program has successfully increase the skill and knowledge of DPMPTSP website operator. Keywords: Training, Mentoring, Website Evaluation, Samarinda City DPMPTS

This article describes the impact of achieving the goals of bureaucratic reform through the following aspects: transparency, reducing administrative corruption, improving services, and empowerment by using the Quick Information Service Assistant application at the Class II District Court Office, Tanah Grogot Regency. The problem is focused on the impact of using the ALICE application. To approach this problem, a theoretical reference is used (Indrayani, 2020) that e-Government applications have shown an impact on the goals of public sector reform through information disclosure for the public, service transparency, increasing community participation. have an impact on reducing corruption, increasing accessibility and empowering the public. The implementation of the ALICE application is still at the emerging stage in terms of e-Government implementation, while the level of innovation is in the first stage, namely e-information. The data were collected through interview techniques, observations, and literature studies and analyzed through interactive model data analysis techniques (Miles et al., 2014). This article concludes that the Quick Information Service Assistant Application has provided essential information for the public regarding requests for ticket fines, requests for certificates, information on the trial agenda, information on fees and remaining down payments, court fees, and information on the Supreme Court e-court. The positive impact felt by the presence of the Rapid Information Service Assistant, namely increasing service transparency and encouraging active community participation. Then the impact in reducing the occurrence of administrative corruption occurs because there is no meeting between the public and officers. In contrast, in the aspect of improving the quality of service, the public does not need to spend transportation costs to get information. Aspects of empowerment, namely the existence of feedback from the public in services, will be able to improve the quality of information and good collaboration and reduce the practice of brokering. the public does not need to spend transportation costs to get information. Aspects of empowerment, namely the existence of feedback from the public in services, will be able to improve the quality of information and good collaboration and reduce the practice of brokering. the public does not need to spend transportation costs to get information. Aspects of empowerment, namely the existence of feedback from the public in services, will be able to improve the quality of information and good collaboration and reduce the practice of brokering.

Program Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) merupakan kegiatan wajib yang dilaksanakan oleh dosen sebagai pemenuhan tridharma perguruan tinggi. PkM ini perlu dilakukang untuk membekali guru-guru di Jampang English Village (JEV) dengan metode alternatif dalam pengajaran bahasa inggris untuk siswa didik di mereka. Selain itu PkM ini merupakan bentuk kerjasama rutin antar dua institusi JEV dan Universitas Pamulang (UNPAM) yang bersifat sharing best practice. JEV merupakan satu kursus Bahasa Inggris yang murid-muridnya berasal dari seluruh desa Jampang Bogor, Jawa Barat. JEV sendiri adalah program Zona Madina Dompet Dhuafa yang bertujuan memberikan pelatihan bahasa inggris gratis. Pelatihan ini sendiri memberikan dua kontribusi yaitu aspek kompetensi guru dan aspek fasilitas. Aspek kompetensi guru yakni para guru bahasa inggris di JEV dapat menguasai dan mampu menggunakan metode pembelajaran berbasis genre. Sedang aspek fasilitas yang mana pada pelatihan diberikan bimbingan teknis kepada para guru untuk menggunakan buku ajar yang telah disusun dengan pendekatan berbasis genre pada kegiatan PkM terdahulu.

In this paper, the A. fumigatus α-amylase had been immobilized onto zeolite/chitosan hybrid to improve its thermal-stabilization for industrial needs. The methods applied enzyme production, isolation, partial purification, immobilization, and characterization. The optimum temperatures of the native and immobilized enzymes were 50 and 55˚C, respectively. The native enzyme has KM of 3.478 ± 0.271 mg mL-1 substrate and Vmax of 2.211± 0.096 µmole mL-1 min-1, while the immobilized enzyme has KM value of 12.051 ± 4.949 mg mL-1 substrate and Vmax of 1.602 ± 0.576 µmole mL-1 min-1. The residual activity of the immobilized enzyme retained up 10.97% after fifth reuse cycles. The native enzyme has ΔGi of 104.35 ± 1.09 kJ mole-1 and t½ of 38.75 ± 1.53 min, while the immobilized enzyme has ΔGi of 108.03 ± 0.05 kJ mole-1 and t½ of 180.03 ± 3.31 min. According to the increase in half-life (t½), stability improvement of the A. fumigatusα-amylase was 4.65 times greater than the native enzyme. Thus, the zeolite/chitosan hybrid is used as a new supporting matrix for further enzyme immobilization to stabilize the enzymes. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-06 Full Text: PDF

Most of the plant-associated bacteria can synthesize active biological components of phytohormones such as auxin. This study aimed to examine the potency of 61 endophytic bacteria isolates from the mangroves at Kutang Beach, Lamongan in producing IAA hormone and to identify types of isolates effecting the concentration of IAA, morphological characteristics of isolates, as well as endophytic bacterial species that have the most potential to produce IAA hormone. Screening of endophytic bacteria isolates was performed using the colorimetric method and the production of IAA was carried out using the spectrophotometric method. IAA production by endophytic bacteria was analyzed descriptively and statistically. One-Way ANOVA was employed to determine the effect of the isolate type on the concentration of IAA. The most potential isolates to produce IAA hormone are identified by 16s rRNA gene marker. The screening results showed that 12 isolates of endophytic bacteria have the potential to produce IAA hormones (2.0-9.3 ppm), coded with LMG 7, 15, 31, 32, 43, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 62, and 63. The results of the One-Way ANOVA test suggested that the type of isolates did not affect the concentration of IAA produced by endophytic bacteria. The twelve isolates had different morphological characters and those were Gram-positive bacilli with cell sizes ranging from 1.5 µm - 3 µm. The highest concentration of IAA was produced by LMG 15 (9.3 ppm). LMG 15 was identified as Bacillus cereus strain LMG 15, having 99.33% similarity to Bacillus cereus strain IAM 12605.

Introduction. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a widespread condition that can affect individuals of all ages. Most cases of CMV infection are mild and resolve on their own. However, in immunocompromised individuals, such as post-transplant patients or those with cancer, severe infections can occur. While there have been several studies on CMV infection in post-transplant patients, there is limited literature on CMV infection in cancer, particularly in kidney cancer. Case Report. In this case report, we present the case of a 61-year-old man with clear cell renal cell carcinoma who underwent targeted therapy with the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor lenvatinib and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor everolimus. The patient was hospitalized for 26 days and admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) due to shortness of breath, decreased oxygen saturation, and irregular breathing. Cytomegalovirus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test results were positive. Given the high prevalence of CMV infection in developing countries, it is likely that the patient had a reactivation of CMV. As such, the patient was subsequently treated with ganciclovir for 14 days and showed improvement in symptoms such as shortness of breath, cough, fever, and increased oxygen saturation. Following recovery, the patient received maintenance therapy with oral valganciclovir for 7 days. No further symptoms appeared during subsequent cancer treatments. Conclusion. Cancer patients who are undergoing treatment are at a higher risk for developing opportunistic infections, which can result in morbidity and mortality. Therefore, healthcare professionals should be aware of the possibility of CMV infection in cancer patients and be prepared to diagnose and treat the infection, particularly in areas where the prevalence of CMV infection is high.

The response of tropical trees to the change of light intensity has been reported to be varied among different species. Some reports argued that the growth was increasing parallel to the increasing of light intensity, but other reports mentioned that the sensitivity to the light intensity was depending on the species. Another environmental factor that has been scientifically proven to affect tree growth is humidity. While humidity itself also directly affected by the light intensity in the forest ecosystems. Therefore, it is possible that the growth pattern of trees under different light intensities is also affected by air humidity under the canopy. This research aimed to study the growth response of a light-demanding Alstonia scholaris and a shade-tolerant Eusideroxylon zwageri to the different levels of air humidity and light intensity. The experiment was conducted in Jambi, Indonesia from April to November 2019. The experiment was carried out using split plot design with factorial treatments. The main plot was the air humidity with three levels and the sub plots was light intensity with five levels. Four replicates were applied. In general, the A. scholaris tends to be more sensitive to the humidity and light intensity compared to E. zwageri. In particular, A. scholaris tends to be more sensitive to the light intensity while, E, zwageri is more sensitive to the humidity. However, there is also strong indication that the effects of light intensity to the growth, especially for A. scholaris, was affected by the humidity level.

The obstacle faced during the fatigue test is the waiting time which is quite long and inefficient, especially for test specimens made of ductile metal with waiting times of up to several days. The research method includes reducing the specimen radius to obtain a flexural stress approaching 400 MPa which was originally 229 MPa from a radius of 254 mm to 240 mm with the results of turning the original specimen obtained a minimum diameter of 8.6 mm is reduced to 7.3 mm at a maximum loading of 10 kg. Results of the research are brass specimens C3604BD type with a minimum diameter of 8.6 mm at a flexural stress of 298 MPa showing a fatigue life of 2455546 cycles with a test duration of 1754 minutes and a minimum specimen diameter of 7.3 mm at a flexural stress of 299 MPa showing a fatigue life of 684311 cycles with a test duration of 489 minutes which means that with a minimum specimen diameter of 7.3 mm the fatigue life is 3.59 times shorter than a minimum specimen diameter of 8.6 mm. Meanwhile, for aluminium AA1101 type with a minimum specimen diameter of 7.3 mm at a flexural stress of 182 MPa, the fatigue life is 422117 cycles with a test duration of 278 minutes and with a minimum specimen diameter of 8.6 mm at a flexural stress of 183 MPa, the fatigue life is 389232 cycles with a test duration of 302 minutes which means that with a minimum specimen diameter of 7.3 mm the fatigue life is 1.05 times shorter than the minimum specimen diameter of 8.6 mm or almost the same.

The existence of a government website is an initial milestone in the implementation of e-government as an official channel for the dissemination of information related to public services. However, there are still some OPDs that do not have an official website, such as the Samarinda City DPMPTSP which does not yet have a special website related to “Public Service Malls”. This is suspected to be due to the lack of competent human resources in managing the government's official website. Based on this, community service this time is intended to provide assistance to the Samarinda City DPMPTSP in terms of making the official website "Public Service Mall" as a form of efforts to strengthen e-government within the Samarinda City Government. This PkM activity is carried out using thematic assistance and training methods

Advances in information and communication technology, in the provision of public services, have affected all aspects of electronic governance. This widespread use has resulted in vast amounts of data, which governments and other entities can collect and analyse to measure, assess and improve service interoperability. Interoperability is the ability of software to collaborate. Currently, studies on the interoperability of e-government applications are the focus of research by previous researchers to develop information and communication technology to realize the smooth exchange of information in all elements of government. This study aims to determine the development of research on interoperability in e-government by conducting an in-depth analysis of research trends and dominant themes in e-government interoperability. This research is a systematic review using VosViewer and Nvivo Qualitative Software Analysis, and both are used to uncover trending issues and research themes on e-government interoperability. This research data was obtained through the Scopus database using a search strategy to find relevant documents. The results show that research trends related to e-government interoperability issues have declined recently. In addition, this study also presents the highest citations, funding sponsors, and research connectivity between countries. Furthermore, this study also produces six dominant themes related to e-government interoperability, namely Interoperability, E-government, Systems, Technology, Data, and Services. Some of the findings produced in this study are expected to provide a comprehensive picture of research trends in e-government interoperability for researchers in the future.

Logged forests cover four million square kilometers of the tropics, capturing carbon more rapidly than temperate forests and harboring rich biodiversity. Restoring these forests is essential to help avoid the worst impacts of climate change. Yet monitoring tropical forest recovery is challenging. We track the abundance of early-successional species in a forest restoration concession in Indonesia. If the species are carefully chosen, they can be used as an indicator of restoration progress. We present SLIC-UAV, a new pipeline for processing Unoccupied Aerial Vehicle (UAV) imagery using simple linear iterative clustering (SLIC)to map early-successional species in tropical forests. The pipeline comprises: (a) a field verified approach for manually labeling species; (b) automatic segmentation of imagery into “superpixels” and (c) machine learning classification of species based on both spectral and textural features. Creating superpixels massively reduces the dataset's dimensionality and enables the use of textural features, which improve classification accuracy. In addition, this approach is flexible with regards to the spatial distribution of training data. This allowed us to be flexible in the field and collect high-quality training data with the help of local experts. The accuracy ranged from 74.3% for a four-species classification task to 91.7% when focusing only on the key early-succesional species. We then extended these models across 100 hectares of forest, mapping species dominance and forest condition across the entire restoration project.

Pendahuluan: Kerusakan tulang yang besar membutuhkan prosedur penambahan bone graft untuk membantu meregenerasi jaringan tulang. Monetite memiliki potensi yang sangat baik sebagai kandidat bone graft kedokteran gigi. Hidrotermal banyak digunakan dalam sintesis bone graft karena dapat mempercepat reaksi. Tujuan penelitian membuat monetite dari granul gipsum sebagai prekursor dengan menggunakan metode hidrotermal sebagai kandidat bone graft kedokteran gigi. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini merupakan eksperimental laboratoris. Granul gipsum dibuat dengan menggerus blok gypsum hasil reaksi setting kalsium sulfat hemihidrat dan aquadest dengan rasio serbuk terhadap liqud sebesar 2,5. Selanjutnya, granul gipsum dikonversi menjadi granul monetite dengan direndam di dalam larutan 2 mol/L NaH2PO4 pada suhu 150oC dalam kondisi hidrotermal selama 24 jam. Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil uji XRD, granul monetite dapat terbentuk. Hasil gambar optik granul monetite secara makroskopik menunjukkan tidak mengalami perubahan dibandingkan dengan granul gipsum. Simpulan: Granul monetite sebagai kandidat bone graft kedokteran gigi berhasil dibuat dengan metode hidrotermal melalui perendaman granul gipsum dalam larutan 2 mol/L NaH2PO4 pada suhu 150oC selama 24 jam. ABSTRACT Introduction: Massive bone damage requires a procedure of bone graft addition to helping regenerate the bone tissue. Monetite has excellent potential as a dental bone graft candidate. Hydrothermal is widely used in bone graft synthesis due to its catalyst property. The purpose of this research was to fabricate the monetite from gypsum granules as a precursor with the hydrothermal method as the dental bone graft candidate. Methods: This research was an experimental laboratory. Gypsum granules were made by grinding gypsum blocks resulting from the setting reaction of calcium sulfate hemihydrate and aquadest with a powder to liquid ratio of 2.5. Furthermore, the gypsum granules were converted into monetite granules by immersing them in a solution of 2 mol/L of NaH2PO4 at a temperature of 150°C under hydrothermal conditions for 24 hours. Results: Based on the XRD test results, monetite granules was able to be formed. The results of the macroscopic optical image of the monetite granules showed no change compared to the gypsum granules. Conclusions: Monetite granules as dental bone graft candidate are successfully prepared using the hydrothermal method by immersing gypsum granules in a solution of 2 mol/L of NaH2PO4 at 150oC for 24 hours.

Online media in disaster mitigation has received much attention from researchers. One of the most widely used online media is Twitter. Twitter is a type of social media that has become an effective medium for communication and socialization. The use of social media by the Government can make it easier for the Government to gather new ideas and opinions from the public, especially in this media. The social case related to Covid-19. This study aims to identify the communication of Covid-19 control policies at the City level, which is carried out through social media communication facilities. Samarinda City Government Twitter Account (@ppid_smr) and Balikpapan City Twitter account (@PemkotBPN). This study uses a qualitative method with a Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) Miner approach used in the content, network, and cloud analysis using Nvivo 12 Plus software. The findings show that the intensity of each account has provided an overview of how the City Government is disseminating information related to the policies they produce. For the highest total tweet intensity and tweet intensity generated by the Samarinda City Government account @ppid_smr with a reasonably significant difference compared to the Balikpapan City Government account @PemkotBPN. In terms of analyzing the content of information shared related to the Covid-19 pandemic theme, each account has disseminated information directly related to the policy for handling and preventing Covid-19 cases in each city. Keywords: Policy communication, policy controlling, Covid-19, Samarinda, Balikpapan ABSTRAK Media online dalam mitigasi bencana mendapat banyak perhatian dari para peneliti. Salah satu media online yang paling banyak digunakan adalah Twitter, Twitter merupakan salah satu jenis media sosial yang menjadi media komunikasi dan sosialisasi yang efektif. Penggunaan media sosial oleh pemerintah dapat memudahkan pemerintah untuk mengumpulkan ide-ide baru dan opini baru dari masyarakat, khususnya di media ini. Kasus sosial terkait Covid-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi komunikasi kebijakan pengendalian Covid-19 di tingkat Kota yang dilakukan melalui sarana komunikasi media sosial. Akun Twitter Pemkot Samarinda (@ppid_smr) dan akun Twitter Pemkot Balikpapan (@PemkotBPN). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) Miner yang digunakan dalam analisis konten, jaringan, dan cloud menggunakan software Nvivo 12 Plus. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa intensitas masing-masing akun telah memberikan gambaran bagaimana Pemerintah Kota menyebarluaskan informasi terkait kebijakan yang mereka hasilkan. Total intensitas tweet dan intensitas tweet tertinggi dihasilkan oleh akun Pemkot Samarinda @ppid_smr dengan perbedaan yang signifikan dibandingkan dengan akun Pemkot Balikpapan @PemkotBPN. Dalam hal menganalisis konten informasi yang dibagikan terkait tema pandemi Covid-19, masing-masing akun telah melakukan sosialisasi langsung terkait kebijakan penanganan dan pencegahan kasus Covid-19 di masing-masing kota. Kata Kunci: Komunikasi kebijakan, kebijakan pengendalian, Covid-19, Samarinda, Balikpapan

This article examines the Sufi concept of tajallī and its application to environmental ethics. This study usesdescriptive and productive interpretation to analyze the data which are extracted from the main works of Ibn ͑Arabī, namely Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam and al-Futūḥāt al-Makkiyya. It finds that Ibn ʿArabī’s concept of tajallī can be understood not only in its philosophical sense but also in its spiritual and moral sense to develop a new approach to environmental ethics. This research has valid implications for taking a new direction in the study of mystic Islam and environmental ethic by incorporating tajallī and other Sufi doctrines such as waḥdat al-wujūd, maḥabbah, and maʿrifah.

As more delignification is targeted, fiber degradation becomes a main issue in the pulping process. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is highly related to pulp quality in the medium consistency oxygen delignification process. Accordingly, the purpose of this research was to study the effect of NaOH charges and reaction time on reaction selectivity during the pulping process through medium consistency oxygen delignification. This research used Eucalyptus pelita and Acacia mangium pulp with a kappa number (KaNo) of 17–18. The medium consistency oxygen delignification process condition included a temperature of 80°C and oxygen pressure of 1 bar, while the reaction times were 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 min. The NaOH charges were 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 kg/t of pulp. The analysis parameters used were KaNo and viscosity. The variation in reaction time did not show a significant change in KaNo. The increase in reaction time and NaOH charge variations, meanwhile, can reduce pulp viscosity. Higher NaOH values significantly increased the delignification degree, and the higher NaOH charges and reaction times together lowered the degree of polymerization (DP). The variation in reaction time indicated that with a longer reaction time, the lower the DP, and with a higher NaOH charge and longer reaction time, the lower the reaction selectivity.

Over several years, the researcher noted that the students in the Arabic Education of State Islamic Institute of Jember were bored with teaching and learning writing skills, and the competence of this skill is low. This research aims to: (1) produce a module in Arabic Writing Teaching Based on The Contextual Teaching Learning that called "al-Kitabah al-Muyassarahlil-Mubtadi'in", (2) find out the level of appropriateness of the use of the module to improve students the competence, (3) describe the effect of the module for students motivation. This research used a method named research and development with the Borg and gall's model. The data were collected through observation, interviews, tests, questionnaires, and document studies. The researcher's analysis was done descriptively for qualitative and statistical information for quantitative data. This research resulted in (1) product in a module based on five characteristics: vocabularies writing, illustrated sentences are writing, pattern sentences, expressions writing, Structures, paragraphs writing, and reflection (2) the module is invalid to improve students' writing competence, and (3) the module based on Contextual Teaching Learning can improve student's motivation.

Objective: To determine diametral tensile strength and water absorption ability of Carbonate-apatite blocks fabricated from gypsum precursors (CaSO4) through a dissolution-precipitation method, with different solution molarities and immersion times. Material and Methods: Thirty-six CaSO4 gypsum specimens with 6 mm diameter; 3 mm height (Group A for diametral tensile strength) and 36 specimens of 6 mm diameter; 3 mm thickness (Group B for water absorption ability) were used. Each group was divided into 4 group treatments of: 1) dissolution-precipitation in solution of 0.5mol / L Na2CO3 + 0.5mol / L Na3PO4 for 48 hours and 72 hours; 1mol / L Na2CO3 + 1mol / L Na3PO4 for 48 hours and 72 hours. The C- Ap blocks were then tested using ATR-FTIR spectrometer to identify the formation of C-Ap functional groups. Furthermore, Group A specimens were tested for diametral tensile strength using Universal Testing Machine, and Group B specimens were tested for water adsorption ability using an analytical balance by measuring initial and final weight after immersion in saline solution at 37oC for 24 hours. Results: The formation of carbonate-apatite (C-Ap) in groups with solution molarity of 1 mol/L for 48 hours and 72 hours resulted in a lower diametral tensile strength and water absorption ability than the groups with a 0.5 mol/L solution. Conclusion: Solution with different molarities and dissolution- precipitation duration affect the formation of carbonate-apatite blocks.

This article is concerned with the environmental conservation efforts that respond to the human race’s ecological crisis. It does this by looking at Sufistic-based environmental conservation at the pesantren of ath-Taariq in West Java, Indonesia. Data were obtained through interviews, observation and documentation using qualitative methods. Two findings were yielded; firstly, environmental conservation practices taught to students include ecology teaching, producing plant seeds and recycling waste into organic fertiliser. Secondly, significant steps have been taken by the establishment for reforestation and nature conservation motivated by Sufi values and doctrines, including the concept of zuhud [asceticism] and gratitude, kinship and mutual assistance, love and blessing, as well as tafakkur [contemplation]. Contribution: This article helps develop studies of Sufism and environmental conservation. It offers a new direction for the teaching and learning of contemporary Sufism that all Islamic educational institutions could adopt.

One of the main strands in e-government research focuses on evaluating the government website. Previous studies have developed several models of government website evaluation. Unfortunately, that rich exploration of the government's website study seems to be ignored in the Indonesian e-government literature. Against that backdrop, this study formulated a synthetic model of government' website evaluation based on previous models developed by other scholars. It deployed them to assess ten local government websites (Municipality/Regency) in East Kalimantan. The model consists of two broad dimensions: technical and democratic deliberation. On the technical dimension, by using the SortSite 5.3.5. software, it is found that the local governments' website performs relatively low on accessibility and errors on four metrics evaluated by the software. On the other side, on the democratic deliberation dimension, local government websites in East Kalimantan have performed relatively well in fulfilling the minimum of the democratic principle. We call it minimum because the websites have provided the user with basic information and several channels to interact with the officials.https://dorl.net/dor/ 20.1001.1.20088302.2022.20.1.25.8

The stability of the α-amylase enzyme has been improved from Aspergillus fumigatus using the immobilization method on a bentonite matrix. Therefore, this study aims to obtain the higher stability of α-amylase enzyme from A. fumigatus; hence, it is used repeatedly to reduce industrial costs. The procedures involved enzyme production, isolation, partial purification, immobilization, and characterization. Furthermore, the soluble enzyme was immobilized using 0.1 M phosphate buffer of pH 7.5 on a bentonite matrix, after which it was characterized with the following parameters such as optimum temperature, Michaelis constant (KM), maximum velocity Vmax, thermal inactivation rate constant (ki), half-life (t1/2), and the change of energy due to denaturation (ΔGi). The results showed that the soluble enzyme has an optimum temperature of 55°C, KM of 3.04 mg mL−1 substrate, Vmax of 10.90 μmole mL−1 min−1, ki of 0.0171 min−1, t1/2 of 40.53 min, and ΔGi of 104.47 kJ mole−1, while the immobilized enzyme has an optimum temperature of 70°C, KM of 8.31 mg mL−1 substrate, Vmax of 1.44 μmole mL−1 min−1, ki of 0.0060 min−1, t1/2 of 115.50 min, and ΔGi of 107.37 kJ mole−1. Considering the results, the immobilized enzyme retained 42% of its residual activity after six reuse cycles. Additionally, the stability improvement of the α-amylase enzyme by immobilization on a bentonite matrix, based on the increase in half-life, was three times greater than the soluble enzyme.

Enzyme immobilization is a powerful method to improve the stability, reuse, and enzymatic properties of enzymes. The immobilization of the α-amylase enzyme from Aspergillus fumigatus on a chitin-bentonite (CB) hybrid has been studied to improve its stability. Therefore, this study aims to obtain the higher stability of α-amylase enzyme to reduce industrial costs. The procedures were performed as follows: production, isolation, partial purification, immobilization, and characterization of the free and immobilized enzymes. The CB hybrid was synthesized by bentonite, chitin, and glutaraldehyde as a cross-linker. The free enzyme was immobilized onto CB hybrid using 0.1 M phosphate buffer pH 7.5. The free and immobilized enzymes were characterized by optimum temperature, Michaelis constant (KM), maximum velocity Vmax, thermal inactivation rate constant (ki), half-life (t1/2), and transformation of free energy because of denaturation (ΔGi). The free enzyme has optimum temperature of 55°C, KM = 3.04 mg mL−1 substrate, Vmax=10.90 μmolemL−1min−1, ki = 0.0171 min−1, t1/2 = 40.53 min, and ΔGi = 104.47 kJ mole−1. Meanwhile, the immobilized enzyme has optimum temperature of 60°C, KM = 11.57 mg mL−1 substrate, Vmax=3.37 μmolemL−1min−1, ki = 0.0045 min−1, t1/2 = 154.00 min, and ΔGi = 108.17 kJ mole−1. After sixth cycle of reuse, the residual activity of the immobilized enzyme was 38%. The improvement in the stability of α-amylase immobilized on the CB hybrid based on the increase in half-life was four times of the free enzyme.

Pineapple plantations leave a lot of plant biomass after the planting season ends. The abundant residue of pineapple plants causes problems due to the high content of lignocellulose, which is difficult to decompose naturally. This study aimed to isolate and characterize lignocellulolytic microfungi isolates from pineapple plantations. The information of this study was used as data to prepare an inoculum for the induction of pineapple litter composting that was resistant to stress to pineapple plantation habitat. The results showed that there were 11 dominant lignocellulolytic microfungi isolates found from pineapple litter and plantation soil. Using selective media, the selection showed five cellulolytic (Bioggp 3, 6, 9, 11, and 12); five xylanolytic (Bioggp 3, 6, 8, 9, and 12); and two ligninolytic microfungi isolates (Bioggp 2 and 5). Bioggp 3, 6, 9, and 12 are cellulolytic and xylanolytic with Bioggp 3 showing the highest cellulolytic index (4.0) and xylanolytic index (4.20). Testing of ligninolytic microfungi showed that the Bioggp 5 isolate had a stronger lignin indicator (color intensity = 4.0 and zone ratio of 1.47) than the Bioggp 2 isolate. Bioggp 9 had the highest cellulolytic isolate spore productivity at 4.5 × 108 spores/mL with 93.3% spore viability, and Bioggp 3 had the highest xylanolytic isolate spore productivity at 2.5 × 109 spores/mL with 89.3% spore viability. Bioggp 2 had the highest ligninolytic isolate spore productivity at 1.8 × 109 spores/mL, but Bioggp 5 showed the highest spore viability at 98.0%.

Microclimate and Land Surface Temperature (LST) are important analytical variables used to understand complex oil palm agroforestry systems and their effects on biodiversity and ecosystem functions. In order to examine experimental effects of tree species richness (0, 1, 2, 3 or 6), plot size (25 m2, 100 m2, 400 m2, 1600 m2) and stand structural complexity on microclimate and Land Surface Temperature, related data were collected following a strict design. The experiment was carried out in the Jambi province, in Sumatra (Indonesia), as part of the collaborative project EFForTS [Ecological and Socioeconomic Functions of Tropical Lowland Rainforest Transformation Systems]. Microclimate data collected using miniaturized data loggers combined with drone-based thermal data were considered within an oil palm plantation enriched with six target tree species. The timeframe considered for data analysis was 20th September 2017 to 26th September 2017. The experiment data can be used for comparison with data from conventional oil palm agroforestry systems in the tropics. They can more specifically be used as reference to assess microclimate and Land Surface Temperature patterns within similar agroforestry systems.

The reaction of a trans-diamminediaquaplatinum(II) complex, trans-[Pt(15NH3)2(H2O)2]2+ (1), and L-cysteine (R–SH) has been performed to confirm the formation of the products in the solution. The reaction was monitored by 1-D 15N and 2-D [1H, 15N] heteronuclear single-quantum coherence (HSQC) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry. The reaction was initially performed in an alkaline solution; the platinum mononuclear species products were observed. The pH of the solution was then decreased to an acidic solution; the products obtained were oligomeric platinum products. Based on the spectrum from mass spectrometry, which was obtained in a basic solution, the most dominant complex in the solution is a dinuclear platinum(II) species with a sulfur-bridging, trans-[{Pt(S-cys)2(15NH3)2}2(S-cys)]+ having m/z of 822. The loss of two successive ammines was observed.