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14. Supportive evidence for FOXP1, BARX1, and FOXF1 as genetic risk loci for the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma

Author

Becker, J., May, A., Gerges, C., Anders, M., Veits, L., Weise, K., Czamara, D., Lyros, O., Manner, H., Terheggen, G., Venerito, M., Noder, T., Mayershofer, R., Hofer, J., Karch, H., Ahlbrand, C., Arras, M., Hofer, S., Mangold, E., Heilmann-Heimbach, S., Heinrichs, S., Hess, T., Kiesslich, R., Izbicki, J., Hoelscher, A., Bollschweiler, E., Malfertheiner, P., Lang, H., Moehler, M., Lorenz, D., Müller-Myhsok, B., Ott, K., Schmidt, T., Whiteman, D., Vaughan, T., Noethen, M., Hackelsberger, A., Schumacher, B., Pech, O., Vashist, Y., Vieth, M., Weismueller, J., Neuhaus, H., Roesch, T., Ell, C., Gockel, I., and Schumacher, J.

Subjects
Adult, Male, esophageal adenocarcinoma, Adolescent, Esophageal Neoplasms, Genotype, FOXP1, Adenocarcinoma, BARX1, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Young Adult, Odds Ratio, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, FOXF1, Alleles, Genetic Association Studies, Cancer Biology, Homeodomain Proteins, Forkhead Transcription Factors, Repressor Proteins, Genetic Loci, genetic association study, Case-Control Studies, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Transcription Factors
Abstract

The Barrett's and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium (BEACON) recently performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and Barrett's esophagus. They identified genome-wide significant association for variants at three genes, namely CRTC1, FOXP1, and BARX1. Furthermore, they replicated an association at the FOXF1 gene that has been previously found in a GWAS on Barrett's esophagus. We aimed at further replicating the association at these and other loci that showed suggestive association with P< 10(-4) in the BEACON sample. In total, we tested 88 SNPs in an independent sample consisting of 1065 EAC cases and 1019 controls of German descent. We could replicate the association at FOXP1, BARX1, and FOXF1 with nominal significance and thereby confirm that genetic variants at these genes confer EAC risk. In addition, we found association of variants near the genes XRCC2 and GATA6 that were strongly (P

Published
2015

17. Analysis of Bile Colonization and Intestinal Flora may Improve Management in Liver Transplant Recipients Undergoing ERCP

Author

Kabar, I. (Iyad), Hüsing, A.K.E.P. (Anna), Cicinnati, V.R. (Vito), Heitschmidt, L. (Laura), Beckebaum, S. (Susanne), Thölking, G.B. (Gerold), Schmidt, H. (Hartmut), Karch, H. (Helge), Kipp, F. (Frank), and Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Münster

Subjects
Medicine and health, ddc:610, Bile Duct Diseases, Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde, Liver Transplantation
Abstract

Background: Immunosuppression, denervation of biliary tract, and presence of biliary strictures favor colonization of bile with microorganisms after liver transplantation. Little is known about spectrum and antibiotic susceptibility of this colonization. Material and Methods: Bile and feces were collected prospectively from 38 patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography after liver transplantation. Samples were analyzed for colonization and antibiotic susceptibility. Results: From the 38 tested bile samples, 86.6% tested positive. Of those, 26 (78.8%) were polymicrobial. Of isolated bile samples, 52 (64.2%) were gram-positive, 22.2% were gram-negative, and 13.6% revealed Candida albicans. Most detectable gram-positive bacteria were Enterococcus faecium. Most detectable gram-negative bacteria were E. coli and Klebsiella pneumonia. Our analyses revealed high resistance rates of the isolates. Only 55.6% of isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, 54% were sensitive to piperacillin/tazobactam, and 60.3% were sensitive to imipenem. High susceptibility rates were found for linezolid and vancomycin (72.9% and 72.6%, respectively). We found a high correlation between microorganisms found in bile and those isolated from stool. Conclusions: Bile of liver transplant recipients is frequently colonized with microorganisms. The starting point of this colonization is usually the intestine. Systematic analysis of bile colonization during endoscopic interventions on biliary tracts of liver transplant recipients might help to select effective prophylactic antibiotic regimes as well as to facilitate the choice of suitable antimicrobial therapy in case of septic complications.

Published
2015

18. The high-pathogenicity island is absent in human pathogens of Salmonella enterica subspecies I but present in isolates of subspecies III and VI

Author

Oelschlaeger, T. A., Zhang, D., Schubert, S., Carniel, E., Rabsch, W., Karch, H., and Hacker, J.

Subjects
Bacteriology -- Research, Pathogenic microorganisms -- Physiological aspects, Pathogenic microorganisms -- Genetic aspects, Bacterial proteins -- Physiological aspects, Bacterial proteins -- Genetic aspects, Salmonella -- Physiological aspects, Salmonella -- Genetic aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

Research has been conducted on Salmonella strains of all eight Salmonella groups. Results demonstrate the presence of high-pathogenicity island types in strains of Salmonella groups IIIa, IIIb and VI.

Published
2003

20. Ciprofloxacin versus colistin prophylaxis during neutropenia in acute myeloid leukemia: two parallel patient cohorts treated in a single center

Author

Pohlen, M., primary, Marx, J., additional, Mellmann, A., additional, Becker, K., additional, Mesters, R. M., additional, Mikesch, J.-H., additional, Schliemann, C., additional, Lenz, G., additional, Muller-Tidow, C., additional, Buchner, T., additional, Krug, U., additional, Stelljes, M., additional, Karch, H., additional, Peters, G., additional, Gerth, H. U., additional, Gorlich, D., additional, and Berdel, W. E., additional

Published
2016
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23. Large and ongoing outbreak of haemolytic uraemic syndrome, Germany, May 2011

Author

Frank C, Mirko Faber, Askar M, Bernard H, Fruth A, Gilsdorf A, Hohle M, Karch H, Krause G, Prager R, Spode A, Stark K, Werber D, and Hus, Investigation Team

Subjects
Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Male, Adolescent, Incidence, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Middle Aged, Disease Outbreaks, Young Adult, Risk Factors, Child, Preschool, Germany, Population Surveillance, Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome, Humans, Female, Child, Aged
Abstract

Since early May 2011, an increased incidence of haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) and bloody diarrhoea related to infections with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) has been observed in Germany, with most cases in the north of the country. Cases reported from other European countries had travelled to this area. First results of a case–control study conducted in Hamburg suggest an association between the occurrence of disease and the consumption of raw tomatoes, cucumber and leaf salad.

Published
2011

24. Activatable Shiga toxin 2d (Stx2d) in STEC strains isolated from cattle and sheep at slaughter.

Author

Tasara, Taurai, Bielaszewska, M, Nitzsche, S, Karch, H, Zweifel, Claudio, Stephan, Roger; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1002-4762, Tasara, Taurai, Bielaszewska, M, Nitzsche, S, Karch, H, Zweifel, Claudio, and Stephan, Roger; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1002-4762

Abstract

Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) harbouring the stx2d-activatable gene and expressing the mucus- and elastase-activatable phenotype have been associated with severe outcomes of human disease. However, there is limited data available on the occurrence of such strains in livestock reservoirs. In this study, we analyzed 11 STEC strains isolated from healthy cattle and sheep at slaughter that were originally detected to contain the stx2c allele, for the presence of the stx2d-activatable genotype. Ten of the 11 strains displayed the stx2d-activatable genotype as determine by PstI restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of 890-bp fragments of their stx genes. However, only in six of 10 strains whose stx genes were sequenced, the presence of stx2d-activatable could be confirmed based on the predicted amino acid sequence of their StxA subunits; the remaining four strains contained Stx2c A subunit. Five of the six strains which contained stx2d-activatable displayed the activatable phenotype on Vero cells. Genes for adhesins such as the outer membrane protein intimin (eae), which is essential for the intimate attachment and the formation of attaching-and-effacing lesions on intestinal epithelial cells, or the STEC autoagglutinating adhesin (saa), potentially important in eae-negative STEC, were not detected. Moreover, all the strains tested negative for EHEC-hlyA encoding enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) hemolysin. To our knowledge, this is the first study that reports the presence of STEC harbouring stx2d-activatable and producing the activatable Stx2d in fecal samples of sheep. Therefore both cattle and sheep are reservoirs of such strains and potential sources of human infections. This is of particular importance, because in contrast to other eae-negative STEC, strains producing Stx2dactivatable may cause severe diseases such as bloody diarrhoea and haemolytic uremic syndrome in humans.

Published
2008

25. Epidemiology, clinical presentation, and pathophysiology of atypical and recurrent hemolytic uremic syndrome.

Author

Zimmerhackl, L.B., Besbas, N., Jungraithmayr, T., Kar, N.C.A.J. van de, Karch, H., Karpman, D., Landau, D., Loirat, C., Proesmans, W., Prufer, F., Rizzoni, G., Taylor, M.C., Zimmerhackl, L.B., Besbas, N., Jungraithmayr, T., Kar, N.C.A.J. van de, Karch, H., Karpman, D., Landau, D., Loirat, C., Proesmans, W., Prufer, F., Rizzoni, G., and Taylor, M.C.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext, Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) includes a heterogeneous group of hemolytic disorders. Among the identified causes of HUS are infections, particularly infections with Shiga toxin-producing ESCHERICHIA COLI (STEC), complement disorders, and disorders interfering with the degradation of von Willebrand factor (VWF). Other causes for atypical HUS include the cobalamin metabolism; pregnancy/hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets syndrome (HELLP); drugs; and other disorders (e.g., systemic diseases appearing as HUS, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rejection after transplantation). The group not related to STEC is often also called atypical HUS. Most of the occurrences of infectious HUS have only one episode. Recurrent episodes (recurrent HUS) have strong relationships to diseases of the complement system. In these two subgroups the prognosis is poor, with severe renal insufficiency, together with the need for renal replacement therapy. Severe arterial hypertension is common. Treatment options are limited. To better define this group of patients, the European Society for Pediatric Nephrology supported an initiative to develop a European HUS registry. In this registry, 167 patients were acquired; 73 were female (43.8%). The year of onset of the disease ranged from 1974 to 2005. The prevalence of atypical HUS/recurrent HUS can be calculated as 3.3 per million child population (< 18 years). Underlying disorders included factor H, factor I, MCP-1, pneumococci, and von Willebrand factor disturbances. In 33 patients at least one renal transplantation was performed (total, 55 kidneys); 18% were successful and 73% demonstrated recurrence or thrombosis. Treatment options were plasma substitution or plasmapheresis. Despite continued efforts, transplantation is not recommended at present for these patients. Living-related transplantation should be abandoned. New therapeutic strategies are urgently needed.

Published
2006

27. HIV-infection in forensic autopsy cases.

Author

Puschel, K., Lieske, K., Hashimoto, Yoshiaki, Karch, H., and Laufs, R.

Subjects
Forensic pathology -- Case studies, HIV antibodies -- Identification and classification, Autopsy -- Methods
Published
1987

28. Sorbitol-fermenting enterohaemorrhagicEscherichia coliO157:H−causes another outbreak of haemolytic uraemic syndrome in children

Author

ALPERS, K., primary, WERBER, D., additional, FRANK, C., additional, KOCH, J., additional, FRIEDRICH, A. W., additional, KARCH, H., additional, AN DER HEIDEN, M., additional, PRAGER, R., additional, FRUTH, A., additional, BIELASZEWSKA, M., additional, MORLOCK, G., additional, HEISSENHUBER, A., additional, DIEDLER, A., additional, GERBER, A., additional, and AMMON, A., additional

Published
2008
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44. Human Escherichia coli O157[ratio ]H7 infection associated with the consumption of unpasteurized goat's milk

Author

BIELASZEWSKA, M., primary, JANDA, J., additional, BLÁHOVÁ, K., additional, MINAŘÍKOVÁ, H., additional, JÍKOVÁ, E., additional, KARMALI, M. A., additional, LAUBOVÁ, J., additional, šIKULOVÁ, J., additional, PRESTON, M. A., additional, KHAKHRIA, R., additional, KARCH, H., additional, KLAZAROVÁ, H., additional, and NYČ, O., additional

Published
1997
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