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2,032 results on '"Luo, R"'

1. Ninety percent circular polarization detected in a repeating fast radio burst

Author

Jiang, J. C., Xu, J. W., Niu, J. R., Lee, K. J., Zhu, W. W., Zhang, B., Qu, Y., Xu, H., Zhou, D. J., Cao, S. S., Wang, W. Y., Wang, B. J., Cao, S., Zhang, Y. K., Zhang, C. F., Gan, H. Q., Han, J. L., Hao, L. F., Huang, Y. X., Jiang, P., Li, D. Z., Li, H., Li, Y., Li, Z. X., Luo, R., Men, Y. P., Qian, L., Sun, J. H., Wang, L., Xu, Y. H., Xu, R. X., Yang, Y. P., Yao, R., Yue, Y. L., Yu, D. J., Yuan, J. P., and Zhu, Y.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are extra-galactic sources with unknown physical mechanisms. They emit millisecond-duration radio pulses with isotropic equivalent energy of $10^{36}\sim10^{41}$ ergs. This corresponds to a brightness temperature of FRB emission typically reaching the level of $10^{36}$ K, but can be as high as above $10^{40}$ K for sub-microsecond timescale structures, suggesting the presence of underlying coherent relativistic radiation mechanisms. polarization carries the key information to understand the physical origin of FRBs, with linear polarization usually tracing the geometric configuration of magnetic fields and circular polarization probing both intrinsic radiation mechanisms and propagation effects. Here we show that the repeating sources FRB 20201124A emits $90.9\pm 1.1\%$ circularly polarized radio pulses. Such a high degree of circular polarization was unexpected in theory and unprecedented in observation in the case of FRBs, since such a high degree of circular polarization was only common among Solar or Jovian radio activities, attributed to the sub-relativistic electrons. We note that there is no obvious correlation between the degree of circular polarization and burst fluence. Besides the high degree of circular polarization, we also detected rapid swing and orthogonal jump in the position angle of linear polarization. The detection of the high degree circular polarization in FRB 20201124A, together with its linear polarization properties that show orthogonal modes, place strong constraints on FRB physical mechanisms, calling for an interplay between magnetospheric radiation and propagation effects in shaping the observed FRB radiation., Comment: 19 pages, 9 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in National Science Review

Published
2024

2. Sudden polarization angle jumps of the repeating fast radio burst FRB 20201124A

Author

Niu, J. R., Wang, W. Y., Jiang, J. C., Qu, Y., Zhou, D. J., Zhu, W. W., Lee, K. J., Han, J. L., Zhang, B., Li, D., Cao, S., Fang, Z. Y., Feng, Y., Fu, Q. Y., Jiang, P., Jing, W. C., Li, J., Li, Y., Luo, R., Meng, L. Q., Miao, C. C., Miao, X. L., Niu, C. H., Pan, Y. C., Wang, B. J., Wang, F. Y., Wang, H. Z., Wang, P., Wu, Q., Wu, Z. W., Xu, H., Xu, J. W., Xu, L., Xue, M. Y., Yang, Y. P., Yuan, M., Yue, Y. L., Zhao, D., Zhang, C. F., Zhang, D. D., Zhang, J. S., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, Y. K., and Zhu, Y. H.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We report the first detection of polarization angle (PA) orthogonal jumps, a phenomenon previously only observed from radio pulsars, from a fast radio burst (FRB) source FRB 20201124A. We find three cases of orthogonal jumps in over two thousand bursts, all resembling those observed in pulsar single pulses. We propose that the jumps are due to the superposition of two orthogonal emission modes that could only be produced in a highly magnetized plasma, and they are caused by the line of sight sweeping across a rotating magnetosphere. The shortest jump timescale is of the order of one-millisecond, which hints that the emission modes come from regions smaller than the light cylinder of most pulsars or magnetars. This discovery provides convincing evidence that FRB emission originates from the complex magnetosphere of a magnetar, suggesting an FRB emission mechanism that is analogous to radio pulsars despite a huge luminosity difference between two types of objects., Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted by APJL

Published
2024

3. A Fast Radio Burst monitor with a Compact All-Sky Phased Array (CASPA)

Author

Luo, R., Ekers, R. D., Hobbs, G., Dunning, A., James, C. W., Lower, M. E., Gupta, V., Zic, A., Sokolowski, M., Phillips, C., Deller, A. T., and Staveley-Smith, L.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) are short-duration radio transients that occur at random times in host galaxies distributed all over the sky. Large field of view instruments can play a critical role in the blind search for rare FRBs. We present a concept for an all-sky FRB monitor using a compact all-sky phased array (CASPA), which can efficiently achieve an extremely large field of view of $\sim10^4$ square degrees. Such a system would allow us to conduct a continuous, blind FRB search covering the entire southern sky. Using the measured FRB luminosity function, we investigate the detection rate for this all-sky phased array and compare the result to a number of other proposed large field-of-view instruments. We predict a rate of a few FRB detections per week and determine the dispersion measure and redshift distributions of these detectable FRBs. This instrument is optimal for detecting FRBs in the nearby Universe and for extending the high-end of the FRB luminosity function through finding ultraluminous events. Additionally, this instrument can be used to shadow the new gravitational-wave observing runs, detect high energy events triggered from Galactic magnetars and search for other bright, but currently unknown transient signals., Comment: Submitted to PASA, comments welcome

Published
2024

4. The FAST Galactic Plane Pulsar Snapshot survey: IV. Discovery of five fast radio bursts

Author

Zhou, D. J., Han, J. L., Jing, W. C., Wang, P. F., Wang, C., Wang, T., Wang, W. -Y., Luo, R., Xu, J., Xu, R. X., and Wang, H. G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We report five new fast radio bursts (FRBs) discovered from the Galactic Plane Pulsar Snapshot (GPPS) survey by the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST): FRB\,20210126, FRB\,20210208, FRB\,20210705, FRB\,20211005 and FRB\,20220306. To date, no repeating bursts from these FRB sources have been detected in the follow-up monitoring observations, leading to their classification as potential one-off events. We obtain the basic parameters for these bursts, including position, dispersion measure (DM), pulse width, spectral index, scattering time-scale, etc. The fluences and flux densities are generally lower in comparison to the values observed in one-off bursts discovered by other telescopes. Among the observed bursts, polarization data for 4 bursts were recorded during observations. Consequently, we obtain polarization profiles and Faraday rotation measures (RMs) for these bursts., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables. Published in MNRAS, Volume 526, Issue 2, December 2023

Published
2023
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5. Comparing recent PTA results on the nanohertz stochastic gravitational wave background

Author

The International Pulsar Timing Array Collaboration, Agazie, G., Antoniadis, J., Anumarlapudi, A., Archibald, A. M., Arumugam, P., Arumugam, S., Arzoumanian, Z., Askew, J., Babak, S., Bagchi, M., Bailes, M., Nielsen, A. -S. Bak, Baker, P. T., Bassa, C. G., Bathula, A., Bécsy, B., Berthereau, A., Bhat, N. D. R., Blecha, L., Bonetti, M., Bortolas, E., Brazier, A., Brook, P. R., Burgay, M., Burke-Spolaor, S., Burnette, R., Caballero, R. N., Cameron, A., Case, R., Chalumeau, A., Champion, D. J., Chanlaridis, S., Charisi, M., Chatterjee, S., Chatziioannou, K., Cheeseboro, B. D., Chen, S., Chen, Z. -C., Cognard, I., Cohen, T., Coles, W. A., Cordes, J. M., Cornish, N. J., Crawford, F., Cromartie, H. T., Crowter, K., Curyło, M., Cutler, C. J., Dai, S., Dandapat, S., Deb, D., DeCesar, M. E., DeGan, D., Demorest, P. B., Deng, H., Desai, S., Desvignes, G., Dey, L., Dhanda-Batra, N., Di Marco, V., Dolch, T., Drachler, B., Dwivedi, C., Ellis, J. A., Falxa, M., Feng, Y., Ferdman, R. D., Ferrara, E. C., Fiore, W., Fonseca, E., Franchini, A., Freedman, G. E., Gair, J. R., Garver-Daniels, N., Gentile, P. A., Gersbach, K. A., Glaser, J., Good, D. C., Goncharov, B., Gopakumar, A., Graikou, E., Grießmeier, J. -M., Guillemot, L., Gültekin, K., Guo, Y. J., Gupta, Y., Grunthal, K., Hazboun, J. S., Hisano, S., Hobbs, G. B., Hourihane, S., Hu, H., Iraci, F., Islo, K., Izquierdo-Villalba, D., Jang, J., Jawor, J., Janssen, G. H., Jennings, R. J., Jessner, A., Johnson, A. D., Jones, M. L., Joshi, B. C., Kaiser, A. R., Kaplan, D. L., Kapur, A., Kareem, F., Karuppusamy, R., Keane, E. F., Keith, M. J., Kelley, L. Z., Kerr, M., Key, J. S., Kharbanda, D., Kikunaga, T., Klein, T. C., Kolhe, N., Kramer, M., Krishnakumar, M. A., Kulkarni, A., Laal, N., Lackeos, K., Lam, M. T., Lamb, W. G., Larsen, B. B., Lazio, T. J. W., Lee, K. J., Levin, Y., Lewandowska, N., Littenberg, T. B., Liu, K., Liu, T., Liu, Y., Lommen, A., Lorimer, D. R., Lower, M. E., Luo, J., Luo, R., Lynch, R. S., Lyne, A. G., Ma, C. -P., Maan, Y., Madison, D. R., Main, R. A., Manchester, R. N., Mandow, R., Mattson, M. A., McEwen, A., McKee, J. W., McLaughlin, M. A., McMann, N., Meyers, B. W., Meyers, P. M., Mickaliger, M. B., Miles, M., Mingarelli, C. M. F., Mitridate, A., Natarajan, P., Nathan, R. S., Ng, C., Nice, D. J., Niţu, I. C., Nobleson, K., Ocker, S. K., Olum, K. D., Osłowski, S., Paladi, A. K., Parthasarathy, A., Pennucci, T. T., Perera, B. B. P., Perrodin, D., Petiteau, A., Petrov, P., Pol, N. S., Porayko, N. K., Possenti, A., Prabu, T., Leclere, H. Quelquejay, Radovan, H. A., Rana, P., Ransom, S. M., Ray, P. S., Reardon, D. J., Rogers, A. F., Romano, J. D., Russell, C. J., Samajdar, A., Sanidas, S. A., Sardesai, S. C., Schmiedekamp, A., Schmiedekamp, C., Schmitz, K., Schult, L., Sesana, A., Shaifullah, G., Shannon, R. M., Shapiro-Albert, B. J., Siemens, X., Simon, J., Singha, J., Siwek, M. S., Speri, L., Spiewak, R., Srivastava, A., Stairs, I. H., Stappers, B. W., Stinebring, D. R., Stovall, K., Sun, J. P., Surnis, M., Susarla, S. C., Susobhanan, A., Swiggum, J. K., Takahashi, K., Tarafdar, P., Taylor, J., Taylor, S. R., Theureau, G., Thrane, E., Thyagarajan, N., Tiburzi, C., Toomey, L., Turner, J. E., Unal, C., Vallisneri, M., van der Wateren, E., van Haasteren, R., Vecchio, A., Krishnan, V. Venkatraman, Verbiest, J. P. W., Vigeland, S. J., Wahl, H. M., Wang, S., Wang, Q., Witt, C. A., Wang, J., Wang, L., Wayt, K. E., Wu, Z., Young, O., Zhang, L., Zhang, S., Zhu, X. -J., and Zic, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

The Australian, Chinese, European, Indian, and North American pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations recently reported, at varying levels, evidence for the presence of a nanohertz gravitational wave background (GWB). Given that each PTA made different choices in modeling their data, we perform a comparison of the GWB and individual pulsar noise parameters across the results reported from the PTAs that constitute the International Pulsar Timing Array (IPTA). We show that despite making different modeling choices, there is no significant difference in the GWB parameters that are measured by the different PTAs, agreeing within $1\sigma$. The pulsar noise parameters are also consistent between different PTAs for the majority of the pulsars included in these analyses. We bridge the differences in modeling choices by adopting a standardized noise model for all pulsars and PTAs, finding that under this model there is a reduction in the tension in the pulsar noise parameters. As part of this reanalysis, we "extended" each PTA's data set by adding extra pulsars that were not timed by that PTA. Under these extensions, we find better constraints on the GWB amplitude and a higher signal-to-noise ratio for the Hellings and Downs correlations. These extensions serve as a prelude to the benefits offered by a full combination of data across all pulsars in the IPTA, i.e., the IPTA's Data Release 3, which will involve not just adding in additional pulsars, but also including data from all three PTAs where any given pulsar is timed by more than as single PTA., Comment: 21 pages, 9 figures, submitted to ApJ

Published
2023

6. Change of rotation measure during eclipse of a black widow PSR J2051$-$0827

Author

Wang, S. Q., Wang, J. B., Li, D. Z., Yao, J. M., Manchester, R. N., Hobbs, G., Wang, N., Dai, S., Xu, H., Luo, R., Feng, Y., Wang, W. Y., Li, D., Yu, Y. W., Du, Z. X., Niu, C. H., Zhang, S. B., and Zhang, C. M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Black widows are millisecond pulsars ablating their companions. The material blown from the companion blocks the radio emission, resulting in radio eclipses. The properties of the eclipse medium are poorly understood. Here, we present direct evidence of the existence of magnetic fields in the eclipse medium of the black widow PSR J2051$-$0827 using observations made with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). We detect a regular decrease in rotation measure (RM) in the egress of eclipse, changing from $60\,\rm rad\,m^{-2}$ to $-28.7\,\rm rad\,m^{-2}$. The RM gradually changes back to normal when the line-of-sight moves away from the eclipse. The estimated line-of-sight magnetic field strength in the eclipse medium is $\sim 0.1$ G. The RM reversal could be caused by a change of the magnetic field strength along the line of sight due to binary orbital motion. The RM reversal phenomenon has also been observed in some repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs), and the study of spider pulsars may provide additional information about the origin of FRBs., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, accept for publication in ApJ

Published
2023

7. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Oncotype DX Breast Recurrence Score® Test from a US Societal Perspective

Author

Berdunov V, Cuyun Carter G, Laws E, Luo R, Russell CA, Campbell S, Abdou Y, and Force J

Subjects
cost-effectiveness, tumour profiling test, breast cancer, chemotherapy, the oncotype dx test, Medicine (General), R5-920, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Vladislav Berdunov,1 Gebra Cuyun Carter,2 Ewan Laws,1 Roger Luo,2 Christy A Russell,2 Sara Campbell,2 Yara Abdou,3 Jeremy Force4 1Putnam, London, UK; 2Exact Sciences, Madison, WI, USA; 3School of Medicine, UNC, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; 4School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USACorrespondence: Vladislav Berdunov, Putnam, 22-24 Torrington Place, Fitzrovia, London, WC1E 7HJ, UK, Tel +44 7542947557, Email vlad.berdunov@putassoc.comBackground and Objectives: The 21-gene assay (the Oncotype DX Breast Recurrence Score® test) estimates the 10-year risk of distant recurrence in hormone receptor positive (HR+) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (HER2-) early-stage breast cancer to inform adjuvant chemotherapy decisions. The cost-effectiveness of the 21-gene assay compared against standard clinical-pathological risk tools alone for HR+/HER2- early-stage breast cancer was assessed using an economic model informed by evidence from randomized controlled trials.Materials and Methods: A cost-effectiveness model consisted of a decision-tree to stratify patients according to their Recurrence Score (RS) results and the use of adjuvant chemotherapy, followed by a Markov component to estimate the long-term costs and outcomes of the chosen treatment. Distributions of patients and distant recurrence probabilities were derived from the TAILORx (N0) and RxPONDER (N1) trials. The model was evaluated from a healthcare payer and societal perspective. Endocrine therapy and chemotherapy use were informed using clinical expert opinion to reflect US clinical practice and were combined with Medicare drug costs (2021) to estimate the cost of treatment. Societal costs included lost productivity and patient out-of-pocket costs obtained from literature.Results: The Oncotype DX test generated more quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) (N0: 0.25; N1: 0.08) at a lower cost (N0: -$13,395; N1: -$2526) compared to clinical-pathological risk alone from a societal cost perspective. The overall conclusions from the model did not change when considering a payer perspective. The main cost drivers were avoidance of distant recurrence for N0 (-$12,578), and the cost of adjuvant chemotherapy for N1 (-$2133). Lost productivity had a major impact in the societal perspective analysis (N0: -$4607; N1: -$1586).Conclusion: Adjuvant chemotherapy decisions based on the RS result led to more life year gains and lower healthcare costs (dominant) compared to using clinical-pathological risk factors alone among patients with HR+/HER2- N0 and N1 early-stage breast cancer.Keywords: cost-effectiveness, tumour profiling test, breast cancer, chemotherapy, the Oncotype DX test

Published
2024

8. Successful Treatment of Severe Steroid-Resistant Engraftment Syndrome Following Haploidentical Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Emapalumab: A Case Report

Author

Tian Z, Man Q, Yang Y, Zhang X, Guan H, Gu W, Wang Y, Song D, Luo R, and Wang J

Subjects
haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, engraftment syndrome, emapalumab, acute myeloid leukemia, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Zhengqin Tian,1,* Qihang Man,1,* Yixin Yang,1,* Xiaomei Zhang,2,* Hexian Guan,1 Wenjing Gu,2 Ying Wang,1 Dandan Song,2 Rongmu Luo,1,2 Jingbo Wang1 1Department of Hematology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Hematology, China Aerospace Science & Industry Corporation 731 Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Rongmu Luo; Jingbo Wang, Email luorongmu@163.com; wangjingbo721@126.comAbstract: Engraftment syndrome (ES) is an early complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) characterized by fever and additional clinical manifestations including rash, diarrhea, lung infiltrates, weight gain, and neurological symptoms. Steroid-resistant ES following HSCT significantly affects the efficacy of transplantation and may even result in patient mortality. As ES essentially represents a cytokine storm induced by engrafted donor cells with interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) playing a central role, we hypothesized that emapalumab (an anti-IFN-γ monoclonal antibody) may be an effective approach to treat steroid-resistant ES. Here, we present a case report of a 14-year-old female patient who received a second haploidentical HSCT due to a relapse of acute myeloid leukemia. Nine days after the transplantation, the patient developed a fever and exhibited a poor response to antimicrobials (ceftazidime/avibactam). A few days later, the patient presented with a new-onset rash, weight gain, and impaired liver function, leading to a diagnosis of ES. Initial immunosuppressive (tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil) treatment failed to control the disease. On day 16 post-transplantation, the patient received two infusions of 50 mg of emapalumab. Following the initiation of emapalumab treatment, the patient’s fever returned to normal and ES was effectively controlled. This case report demonstrated that emapalumab had a possible efficacy for steroid-resistant ES and provided a novel therapeutic strategy to treat this clinical complication.Keywords: haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, engraftment syndrome, emapalumab, acute myeloid leukemia

Published
2024

9. The Association of High Lipoprotein(a) Concentration and Risk of Ischaemic Stroke in Atrial Fibrillation Patients

Author

Zhang S, Zhou Y, Wang J, Fu Q, Shen T, Pan G, Luo R, Yang X, Jiang L, and Hu H

Subjects
ischaemic stroke, lipoprotein(a), atrial fibrillation, risk factor, retrospective cohort study, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Siyi Zhang,1,2,* Yue Zhou,1,* Jinghui Wang,2 Qingan Fu,1 Tianzhou Shen,2 Guanrui Pan,2 Renfei Luo,1 Xinlei Yang,3 Long Jiang,1 Hui Hu4 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Clinical Medicine, Queen Mary School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Biobank Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Medical Big Data Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Long Jiang, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13767026990, Email skyiadx@hotmail.com Hui Hu, Department of Medical Big Data Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13576978125, Email huhuillz@sina.comBackground: Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a well-established risk factor for ischaemic stroke (IS). It is unclear whether Lp(a) is associated with IS in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The aim of this study is to explore the association between the concentration of Lp(a) and the risk of IS in AF patients, hope to find the potential risk factor for the IS in AF patients.Methods: This study is a retrospective cohort study. The screened AF patients between January 2017 and July 2021 were matched at 1:1 by the propensity score matching (PSM) method in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. Associations between Lp(a) and ischaemic stroke were analysed using logistic regression models, stratified analysis and sensitivity analysis. Statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS software.Results: The number of enrolled participates is 2258, which contains 1129 non-AF patients and 1129 AF patients. Among IS patients, the median Lp(a) concentration was higher than that of controls (17.03 vs. 15.36 mg/dL, P = 0.032). The Spearman rank-order correlation coefficients revealed significant positive relationships between IS and Lp(a) (P = 0.032). In addition, a significant increase in IS risk was associated with Lp(a) levels > 30.00 mg/dL in unadjusted model [OR:1.263, 95% CI(1.046– 1.523), P = 0.015], model 1 [OR:1.284, 95% CI(1.062,1.552), P = 0.010], model 2 [OR: 1.297, 95% CI(1.07,1.573). P = 0.008], and model 3 [OR: 1.290, 95% CI (1.064, 1.562). P = 0.009]. The stratified analysis indicated that this correlation was not affected by female sex [1.484 (1.117, 1.972), P = 0.006], age ≤ 60 [1.864 (1.067-3.254), P=0.029], hypertension [1.359 (1.074, 1.721), P = 0.011], or non-coronary heart disease (CHD) [1.388 (1.108, 1.738), P = 0.004].Conclusion: High levels of Lp(a) were significantly related to IS in AF patients and may be a potential risk factor in the onset of an IS in AF patients. Keywords: ischaemic stroke, Lipoprotein(a), atrial fibrillation, risk factor, retrospective cohort study

Published
2024

10. Thermal Transport of Fractionalized Antiferromagnetic and Field Induced States in the Kitaev Material Na$_2$Co$_2$TeO$_6$

Author

Guang, S. K., Li, N., Luo, R. L., Huang, Q., Wang, Y. Y., Yue, X. Y., Xia, K., Li, Q. J., Zhao, X., Chen, G., Zhou, H. D., and Sun, X. F.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

We report an in-plane thermal transport study of the honeycomb Kitaev material Na$_2$Co$_2$TeO$_6$ at subKelvin temperatures. In zero field, the $\kappa(T)$ displays a rather weak $T$-dependence but has a non-zero residual term $\kappa_0/T$, indicating strong phonon scattering by magnetic excitation and the possibility of itinerant spinon-like excitations coexisting with an antiferromagnetic order below 27 K. We propose the zero-field ground state is a novel fractionalized antiferromagnetic (AF*) state with both magnetic order and fractionalized excitations. With both the heat current and external field along the $a*$ (Co-Co bond) direction, the $\kappa_{a*}$ exhibits two sharp minima at 7.5 T and 10 T, and its value at 8.5 T is almost the same as the pure phononic transport for the high-field polarized state. This confirms the phase boundaries of the reported field-induced intermediate state and suggest its gapless continuum excitations possibly transport heat. No such intermediate phase was found in the $\kappa_a$ for the current and field along the $a$ (zigzag chain) direction. Finally, Na$_2$Co$_2$TeO$_6$ displays a strongly anisotropic magneto-thermal conductivity since the in-plane (out-of-plane) field strongly enhances (suppresses) the $\kappa_{a*}$ and $\kappa_a$., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures

Published
2022
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11. FAST observations of an extremely active episode of FRB 20201124A: I. Burst morphology

Author

Zhou, D. J., Han, J. L., Zhang, B., Lee, K. J., Zhu, W. W., Li, D., Jing, W. C., Wang, W. -Y., Zhang, Y. K., Jiang, J. C., Niu, J. R., Luo, R., Xu, H., Zhang, C. F., Wang, B. J., Xu, J. W., Wang, P., Yang, Z. L., and Feng, Y.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We report the properties of more than 600 bursts (including cluster-bursts) detected from the repeating fast radio burst (FRB) source FRB 20201124A with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) during an extremely active episode on UTC September 25-28, 2021, in a series of four papers. The observations were carried out in the band of 1.0 - 1.5 GHz by using the center beam of the L-band 19-beam receiver. We monitored the source in sixteen 1-hour sessions and one 3-hour session spanning 23 days. All the bursts were detected during the first four days. In this first paper of the series, we perform a detailed morphological study of 624 bursts using the 2-dimensional frequency-time ``waterfall'' plots, with a burst (or cluster-burst) defined as an emission episode during which the adjacent emission peaks have a separation shorter than 400 ms. The duration of a burst is therefore always longer than 1 ms, with the longest up to more than 120 ms. The emission spectra of the sub-bursts are typically narrow within the observing band with a characteristic width of $\sim$277 MHz. The center frequency distribution has a dominant peak at about 1091.9 MHz and a secondary weak peak around 1327.9 MHz. Most bursts show a frequency-downward-drifting pattern. Based on the drifting patterns, we classify the bursts into five main categories: downward drifting (263) bursts, upward drifting (3) bursts, complex (203), no drifting (35) bursts, and no evidence for drifting (121) bursts. Subtypes are introduced based on the emission frequency range in the band (low, middle, high and wide) as well as the number of components in one burst (1, 2, or multiple). We measured a varying scintillation bandwidth from about 0.5 MHz at 1.0 GHz to 1.4 MHz at 1.5 GHz with a spectral index of 3.0., Comment: Accepted by Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics (RAA)

Published
2022
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12. Mycobacterium porcinum Infection of Hilar and Mediastinal Lymph Nodes: A Case Report and Literature Review

Author

Wei W, Luo R, Chen Z, and He J

Subjects
mycobacterium porcinum, hilar, mediastinal, lymph nodes, infection, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Wenjie Wei,* Renrui Luo,* Zhikui Chen, Jianbin He Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine General Hospital, Huaihua, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jianbin He, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine General Hospital, Jinxi South Road 144, Hecheng District, Huaihua, 418000, People’s Republic of China, Email hjb0919@aliyun.comAbstract: In the available reports on clinical medicine, the infection sites of Mycobacterium porcinum include wounds, bone marrow, respiratory tract, and catheters. A 61-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital; her hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes were found to be enlarged during health examination, but there was no specific discomfort. Initially, she had undergone a mediastinal lymph node biopsy and pathology, but the diagnosis was not confirmed. However, 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed M. porcinum infection of hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes. Subsequently, she was treated with clarithromycin, amikacin, imipenem, and tigecycline. After 2 months, chest computed tomography showed a significant reduction in lymph nodes. M. porcinum infection was considered to be the cause of disease.Keywords: Mycobacterium porcinum, hilar, mediastinal, lymph nodes, infection

Published
2023

13. A fast radio burst source at a complex magnetised site in a barred galaxy

Author

Xu, H., Niu, J. R., Chen, P., Lee, K. J., Zhu, W. W., Dong, S., Zhang, B., Jiang, J. C., Wang, B. J., Xu, J. W., Zhang, C. F., Fu, H., Filippenko, A. V., Peng, E. W., Zhou, D. J., Zhang, Y. K., Wang, P., Feng, Y., Li, Y., Brink, T. G., Li, D. Z., Lu, W., Yang, Y. P., Caballero, R. N., Cai, C., Chen, M. Z., Dai, Z. G., Djorgovski, S. G., Esamdin, A., Gan, H. Q., Guhathakurta, P., Han, J. L., Hao, L. F., Huang, Y. X., Jiang, P., Li, C. K., Li, D., Li, H., Li, X. Q., Li, Z. X., Liu, Z. Y., Luo, R., Men, Y. P., Niu, C. H., Peng, W. X., Qian, L., Song, L. M., Stern, D., Stockton, A., Sun, J. H., Wang, F. Y., Wang, M., Wang, N., Wang, W. Y., Wu, X. F., Xiao, S., Xiong, S. L., Xu, Y. H., Xu, R. X., Yang, J., Yang, X., Yao, R., Yi, Q. B., Yue, Y. L., Yu, D. J., Yu, W. F., Yuan, J. P., Zhang, B. B., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, S. N., Zhao, Y., Zheng, W. K., Zhu, Y., and Zou, J. H.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are highly dispersed millisecond-duration radio bursts. Recent observations of a Galactic FRB suggest that at least some FRBs originate from magnetars, but the origin of cosmological FRBs is still not settled. Here we report the detection of 1863 bursts in 82 hr over 54 days from the repeating source FRB~20201124A. These observations show irregular short-time variation of the Faraday rotation measure (RM), which probes the density-weighted line-of-sight magnetic field strength, of individual bursts during the first 36 days, followed by a constant RM. We detected circular polarisation in more than half of the burst sample, including one burst reaching a high fractional circular polarisation of 75%. Oscillations in fractional linear and circular polarisations as well as polarisation angle as a function of wavelength were detected. All of these features provide evidence for a complicated, dynamically evolving, magnetised immediate environment within about an astronomical unit (au; Earth-Sun distance) of the source. Our optical observations of its Milky-Way-sized, metal-rich host galaxy reveal a barred spiral, with the FRB source residing in a low stellar density, interarm region at an intermediate galactocentric distance. This environment is inconsistent with a young magnetar engine formed during an extreme explosion of a massive star that resulted in a long gamma-ray burst or superluminous supernova., Comment: 28 pages, 10 figures, updated to match the published version

Published
2021
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14. A repeating fast radio burst associated with a persistent radio source

Author

Niu, C. -H., Aggarwal, K., Li, D., Zhang, X., Chatterjee, S., Tsai, C. -W., Yu, W., Law, C. J., Burke-Spolaor, S., Cordes, J. M., Zhang, Y. -K., Ocker, S., Yao, J. -M., Wang, P., Feng, Y., Niino, Y., Bochenek, C., Cruces, M., Connor, L., Jiang, J. -A., Dai, S., Luo, R., Li, G. -D., Miao, C. -C., Niu, J. -R., Anna-Thomas, R., Sydnor, J., Stern, D., Wang, W. -Y., Yuan, M., Yue, Y. -L., Zhou, D. -J., Yan, Z., Zhu, W. -W., and Zhang, B.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The dispersive sweep of fast radio bursts (FRBs) has been used to probe the ionized baryon content of the intergalactic medium, which is assumed to dominate the total extragalactic dispersion. While the host galaxy contributions to dispersion measure (DM) appear to be small for most FRBs, in at least one case there is evidence for an extreme magneto-ionic local environment and a compact persistent radio source. Here we report the detection and localization of the repeating FRB 20190520B, which is co-located with a compact, persistent radio source and associated with a dwarf host galaxy of high specific star formation rate at a redshift $z=0.241\pm0.001$. The estimated host galaxy DM $\approx 903^{+72}_{-111}$ pc cm$^{-3}$, nearly an order of magnitude higher than the average of FRB host galaxies, far exceeds the DM contribution of the intergalactic medium. Caution is thus warranted in inferring redshifts for FRBs without accurate host galaxy identifications., Comment: Accepted, Version 3

Published
2021
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15. 81 New Candidate Fast Radio Bursts in Parkes Archive

Author

Yang, X., Zhang, S. -B., Wang, J. -S., Hobbs, G., Sun, T. -R., Manchester, R. N., Geng, J. -J., Russell, C. J., Luo, R., Tang, Z. -F., Wang, C., Wei, J. -J., Staveley-Smith, L., Dai, S., Li, Y., Yang, Y. -Y., and Wu, X. -F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We have searched for weak fast radio burst (FRB) events using a database containing 568,736,756 transient events detected using the Parkes radio telescope between 1997 and 2001. In order to classify these pulses, and to identify likely FRB candidates, we used a machine learning algorithm based on ResNet. We identified 81 new candidate FRBs and provide details of their positions, event times, and dispersion measures. These events were detected in only one beam of the Parkes multibeam receiver. We used a relatively low S/N cutoff threshold when selecting these bursts and some have dispersion measures only slightly exceeding the expected Galactic contribution. We therefore present these candidate FRBs as a guide for follow-up observations in the search for repeating FRBs., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, accepted by MNRAS

Published
2021
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16. On the evidence for a common-spectrum process in the search for the nanohertz gravitational-wave background with the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array

Author

Goncharov, Boris, Shannon, R. M., Reardon, D. J., Hobbs, G., Zic, A., Bailes, M., Curylo, M., Dai, S., Kerr, M., Lower, M. E., Manchester, R. N., Mandow, R., Middleton, H., Miles, M. T., Parthasarathy, A., Thrane, E., Thyagarajan, N., Xue, X., Zhu, X. J., Cameron, A. D., Feng, Y., Luo, R., Russell, C. J., Sarkissian, J., Spiewak, R., Wang, S., Wang, J. B., Zhang, L., and Zhang, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

A nanohertz-frequency stochastic gravitational-wave background can potentially be detected through the precise timing of an array of millisecond pulsars. This background produces low-frequency noise in the pulse arrival times that would have a characteristic spectrum common to all pulsars and a well-defined spatial correlation. Recently the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves collaboration (NANOGrav) found evidence for the common-spectrum component in their 12.5-year data set. Here we report on a search for the background using the second data release of the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array. If we are forced to choose between the two NANOGrav models $\unicode{x2014}$ one with a common-spectrum process and one without $\unicode{x2014}$ we find strong support for the common-spectrum process. However, in this paper, we consider the possibility that the analysis suffers from model misspecification. In particular, we present simulated data sets that contain noise with distinctive spectra but show strong evidence for a common-spectrum process under the standard assumptions. The Parkes data show no significant evidence for, or against, the spatially correlated Hellings-Downs signature of the gravitational-wave background. Assuming we did observe the process underlying the spatially uncorrelated component of the background, we infer its amplitude to be $A = 2.2^{+0.4}_{-0.3} \times 10^{-15}$ in units of gravitational-wave strain at a frequency of $1\, \text{yr}^{-1}$. Extensions and combinations of existing and new data sets will improve the prospects of identifying spatial correlations that are necessary to claim a detection of the gravitational-wave background., Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures

Published
2021
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18. Non-Coding RNA in Microglia Activation and Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease

Author

He C, Li Z, Yang M, Yu W, Luo R, Zhou J, He J, Chen Q, Song Z, and Cheng S

Subjects
alzheimer's disease, non-coding rna, neuroinflammation, microglia activation, mirna, circrna, lncrna, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Chunxiang He,1,2 Ze Li,1,2 Miao Yang,1,2 Wenjing Yu,1,2 Rongsiqing Luo,1,2 Jinyong Zhou,1,2 Jiawei He,1,2 Qi Chen,1,2 Zhenyan Song,1,2 Shaowu Cheng1,2 1School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhenyan Song; Shaowu Cheng, Tel +86 073188458257, Email songzhenyan2013@hnucm.edu.cn; scheng@hnucm.edu.cnAbstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by complex pathophysiological features. Amyloid plaques resulting from extracellular amyloid deposition and neurofibrillary tangles formed by intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau accumulation serve as primary neuropathological criteria for AD diagnosis. The activation of microglia has been closely associated with these pathological manifestations. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA), a versatile molecule involved in various cellular functions such as genetic information storage and transport, as well as catalysis of biochemical reactions, plays a crucial role in microglial activation. This review aims to investigate the regulatory role of ncRNAs in protein expression by directly targeting genes, proteins, and interactions. Furthermore, it explores the ability of ncRNAs to modulate inflammatory pathways, influence the expression of inflammatory factors, and regulate microglia activation, all of which contribute to neuroinflammation and AD. However, there are still significant controversies surrounding microglial activation and polarization. The categorization into M1 and M2 phenotypes may oversimplify the intricate and multifaceted regulatory processes in microglial response to neuroinflammation. Limited research has been conducted on the role of ncRNAs in regulating microglial activation and inducing distinct polarization states in the context of neuroinflammation. Moreover, the regulatory mechanisms through which ncRNAs govern microglial function continue to be refined. The current understanding of ncRNA regulatory pathways involved in microglial activation remains incomplete and may be influenced by spatial, temporal, and tissue-specific factors. Therefore, further in-depth investigations are warranted. In conclusion, there are ongoing debates and uncertainties regarding the activation and polarization of microglial cells, particularly concerning the categorization into M1 and M2 phenotypes. The study of ncRNA regulation in microglial activation and polarization, as well as its mechanisms, is still in its early stages and requires further investigation. However, this review offers new insights and opportunities for therapeutic approaches in AD. The development of ncRNA-based drugs may hold promise as a new direction in AD treatment.Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, non-coding RNA, neuroinflammation, microglia activation, miRNA, circRNA, lncRNA

Published
2023

19. Fast radio burst detection in the presence of coloured noise

Author

Zhang, C. F., Xu, J. W., Men, Y. P., Deng, X. H., Xu, Heng, Jiang, J. C., Wang, B. J., Lee, K. J., Li, J., Yuan, J. P., Liu, Z. Y., Huang, Y. X., Xu, Y. H., Li, Z. X., Hao, L. F., Luo, J. T., Dai, S., Luo, R., Zakie, Hassan, and Ma, Z. Y.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

In this paper, we investigate the impact of correlated noise on fast radio burst (FRB) searching. We found that 1) the correlated noise significantly increases the false alarm probability; 2) the signal-to-noise ratios (S/N) of the false positives become higher; 3) the correlated noise also affects the pulse width distribution of false positives, and there will be more false positives with wider pulse width. We use 55-hour observation for M82 galaxy carried out at Nanshan 26m radio telescope to demonstrate the application of the correlated noise modelling. The number of candidates and parameter distribution of the false positives can be reproduced with the modelling of correlated noise. We will also discuss a low S/N candidate detected in the observation, for which we demonstrate the method to evaluate the false alarm probability in the presence of correlated noise.Possible origins of the candidate are discussed, where two possible pictures, an M82-harbored giant pulse and a cosmological FRB, are both compatible with the observation., Comment: Aceepted for publication in MNRAS. 10 pages, 9 figures

Published
2021
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20. Diverse polarization angle swings from a repeating fast radio burst source

Author

Luo, R., Wang, B. J., Men, Y. P., Zhang, C. F., Jiang, J. C., Xu, H., Wang, W. Y., Lee, K. J., Han, J. L., Zhang, B., Caballero, R. N., Chen, M. Z., Chen, X. L., Gan, H. Q., Guo, Y. J., Hao, L. F., Huang, Y. X., Jiang, P., Li, H., Li, J., Li, Z. X., Luo, J. T., Pan, J., Pei, X., Qian, L., Sun, J. H., Wang, M., Wang, N., Wen, Z. G., Xu, R. X., Xu, Y. H., Yan, J., Yan, W. M., Yu, D. J., Yuan, J. P., Zhang, S. B., and Zhu, Y.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-duration radio transients of unknown origin. Two possible mechanisms that could generate extremely coherent emission from FRBs invoke neutron star magnetospheres or relativistic shocks far from the central energy source. Detailed polarization observations may help us to understand the emission mechanism. However, the available FRB polarization data have been perplexing, because they show a host of polarimetric properties, including either a constant polarization angle during each burst for some repeaters or variable polarization angles in some other apparently one-off events. Here we report observations of 15 bursts from FRB 180301 and find various polarization angle swings in seven of them. The diversity of the polarization angle features of these bursts is consistent with a magnetospheric origin of the radio emission, and disfavours the radiation models invoking relativistic shocks., Comment: Published online in Nature on 29 Oct, 2020

Published
2020
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21. The Relationship Between the Neutrophil Percentage-to-Albumin Ratio and Rates of 28-Day Mortality in Atrial Fibrillation Patients 80 Years of Age or Older

Author

Cai J, Li M, Wang W, Luo R, Zhang Z, and Liu H

Subjects
cardiovascular disease, neutrophil, atrial fibrillation, mortality, older, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Jiasheng Cai,1,&ast; Mingxuan Li,2,&ast; Wei Wang,1,&ast; Rong Luo,1 Zheng Zhang,1 Haibo Liu1 1Department of Cardiology, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 201700, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai, 200040, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Haibo Liu; Zheng Zhang, Department of Cardiology, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, 1158 Park, Shanghai, 201700, People’s Republic of China, Email haiboliu13@fudan.edu.cn; zhangzheng@qphospital.comBackgrounds and Aims: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia among the older patients (≥ 80 years) in clinical practice. The index of neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) is a reliable predictor of adverse outcomes in cardiovascular diseases. There is scarce evidence regarding the association between NPAR and mortality among the older patients with AF.Methods: The research was conducted among 1141 patients with AF between January 2015 and June 2020, hospitalized at Huadong Hospital affiliated with Fudan University. The primary outcome were 28-day all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to explore the correlation between NPAR and 28-day all-cause or cardiovascular mortality. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC) were performed for the predictive values of NPAR on prognosis.Results: The 28-day death rate from cardiovascular disease and all-causes were 3.3% and 8.7%, respectively. Continuous NPAR levels were positively associated with all-cause (HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.09, 1.16) and cardiovascular (HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.10, 1.23) mortality after adjustment for confounding variables. Relative to patients in the T1 group, those in higher NPAR tertiles also exhibit elevated risks of all-cause (P < 0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (P < 0.001). Furthermore, both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality rates rose with increasing NPAR in all analyzed subgroups.Conclusion: NPAR values are consistently positively related to 28-day all-cause and cardiovascular mortality rates in patients ≥ 80 years of age with AF.Keywords: cardiovascular disease, neutrophil, atrial fibrillation, mortality, older

Published
2023

22. Parkes transient events: I. Database of single pulses, initial results and missing FRBs

Author

Zhang, S. -B., Hobbs, G., Russell, C. J., Toomey, L., Dai, S., Dempsey, J., Manchester, R. N., Johnston, S., Staveley-Smith, L., Wu, X. -F., Li, D., Yang, Y. -Y., Wang, S. -Q., Qiu, H., Luo, R., Wang, C., Zhang, C., Zhang, L., and Mandow, R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

A large number of observations from the Parkes 64\,m-diameter radio telescope, recorded with high time resolution, are publicly available. We have re-processed all of the observations obtained during the first four years (from 1997 to 2001) of the Parkes Multibeam receiver system in order to identify transient events and have built a database that records the 568,736,756 pulse candidates generated during this search. We have discovered a new fast radio burst (FRB), FRB~010305, with a dispersion measure of 350$\pm$5\,\,cm$^{-3}\,$pc and explored why so few FRBs have been discovered in data prior to 2001. After accounting for the dispersion smearing across the channel bandwidth and the sky regions surveyed, the number of FRBs is found to be consistent with model predictions. We also present five single pulse candidates from unknown sources, but with Galactic dispersion measures. We extract a diverse range of sources from the database, which can be used, for example, as a training set of data for new software being developed to search for FRBs in the presence of radio frequency interference., Comment: 15 pages, 4 Figures, 6 Tables, 2 Appendix, accepted for publication in ApJS

Published
2020
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23. Real-time forecasts of the 2019-nCoV epidemic in China from February 5th to February 24th, 2020

Author

Roosa, K., Lee, Y., Luo, R., Kirpich, A., Rothenberg, R., Hyman, J. M., Yan, P., and Chowell, G.

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Populations and Evolution, Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods
Abstract

The initial cluster of severe pneumonia cases that triggered the 2019-nCoV epidemic was identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019. While early cases of the disease were linked to a wet market, human-to-human transmission has driven the rapid spread of the virus throughout China. The ongoing outbreak presents a challenge for modelers, as limited data are available on the early growth trajectory, and the epidemiological characteristics of the novel coronavirus are yet to be fully elucidated. We provide timely short-term forecasts of the cumulative number of confirmed reported cases in Hubei province, the epicenter of the epidemic, and for the overall trajectory in China, excluding the province of Hubei. We collect daily reported cumulative case data for the 2019-nCoV outbreak for each Chinese province from the National Health Commission of China. Here, we provide 5, 10, and 15 day forecasts for five consecutive days, February 5th through February 9th, with quantified uncertainty based on a generalized logistic growth model, the Richards growth model, and a sub-epidemic wave model. Our most recent forecasts reported here based on data up until February 9, 2020, largely agree across the three models presented and suggest an average range of 7,409-7,496 additional cases in Hubei and 1,128-1,929 additional cases in other provinces within the next five days. Models also predict an average total cumulative case count between 37,415 - 38,028 in Hubei and 11,588 - 13,499 in other provinces by February 24, 2020. Mean estimates and uncertainty bounds for both Hubei and other provinces have remained relatively stable in the last three reporting dates (February 7th - 9th). Our forecasts suggest that the containment strategies implemented in China are successfully reducing transmission and that the epidemic growth has slowed in recent days., Comment: 6 figures

Published
2020

24. Up-Regulation of ProBDNF/p75NTR Signaling in Spinal Cord Drives Inflammatory Pain in Male Rats

Author

Li H, Liu T, Sun J, Zhao S, Wang X, Luo W, Luo R, Shen W, Luo C, and Fu D

Subjects
brain-derived neurotrophic factor precursor, inflammatory pain, spinal cord, neuron, pan neurotrophin receptor 75, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Hui Li,1,2,&ast; Tao Liu,1,2,&ast; Jingjing Sun,1,2 Shuai Zhao,1,2 Xin Wang,1,2 Wei Luo,1,2 Ruyi Luo,1,2 Weiyun Shen,1,2 Cong Luo,1,2 Di Fu3 1Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China; 2Hunan Province Center for Clinical Anesthesia and Anesthesiology, Research Institute of Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Anesthesiology, the XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, ChangSha, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Di Fu, Department of Anesthesiology, the XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road No. 86, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410011, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 85295987, Email xyyyfudi@csu.edu.cnBackground: The spinal cord expresses brain-derived neurotrophic factor precursor (proBDNF) and its receptor pan neurotrophin receptor 75 (p75NTR). However, the role of spinal proBDNF signaling in the pathogenesis of inflammatory pain remains unknown.Methods: Rats were locally injected with complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) to induce inflammatory pain. The proBDNF signal expression was detected by double-labeled immunofluorescence. ProBDNF protein, p75NTR extracellular domain (p75NTR-ECD), or monoclonal anti-proBDNF (McAb-proB) were administrated by intrathecal injection to investigate their effects on pain behavior. Paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWL) and paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWT) were performed to evaluate pain behavior. Immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence were used to assess inflammation-induced biochemical changes.Results: CFA induced a rapid increase in proBDNF in the ipsilateral spinal cord, and immunofluorescence revealed that CFA-enhanced proBDNF was expressed in NeuN positive neurons and GFAP positive astrocytes. The administration of furin cleavage-resistant proBDNF via intrathecal injection (I.t.) significantly decreased the PWT and PWL, whereas McAb-proB by I.t. alleviated CFA-induced pain-like hypersensitivity in rats. Meanwhile, CFA administration triggered the activation of p75NTR and its downstream signaling extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB p65 in the spinal cord. I.t. administration of p75NTR-ECD suppressed CFA-induced pain and neuroinflammation, including the expression of p-ERK1/2, p-p65, and the gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6).Conclusion: Our study reveals that the activated proBDNF/p75NTRsignaling in the spinal cord contributes to the development of CFA-induced inflammatory pain. McAb-proB and p75NTR-ECD appear to be promising therapeutic agents for inflammatory pain.Keywords: brain-derived neurotrophic factor precursor, inflammatory pain, spinal cord, neuron, pan neurotrophin receptor 75

Published
2023

25. Pressure-Induced Re-entrant transition in NbS3 Phases: Combined Raman Scattering and X-ray Diffraction Study

Author

Abdel-Hafiez, Thiyagarajan, M., Majumdar, R., Ahuja, A., Luo, R., Vasiliev, W., Maarouf, A. N., Zybtsev, A. A., Pokrovskii, S. G., Zaitsev-Zotov, V. Ya., Pavlovskiy, S. V., Pai, V. V. Woei Wu, Yang, Kulik, and V, L.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

We report the evolution of charge density wave states under pressure for two NbS3 phases triclinic (phase I) and monoclinic (phase II) at room temperature. Raman and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques are applied. The x-ray studies on the monoclinic phase under pressure show a compression of the lattice at different rates below and above 7 GPa but without a change in space group symmetry. The Raman spectra of the two phases evolve similarly with pressure; all peaks almost disappear in the 6-8 GPa range, indicating a transition from an insulating to a metallic state, and peaks at new positions appear above 8 GPa. The results suggest suppression of the ambient charge-density waves and their subsequent recovery with new orderings above 8 GPa.

Published
2019
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26. Piggyback search for fast radio bursts using Nanshan 26m and Kunming 40m radio telescopes -- I. Observing and data analysis systems, discovery of a mysterious peryton

Author

Men, Y. P., Luo, R., Chen, M. Z., Hao, L. F., Lee, K. J., Li, J., Li, Z. X., Liu, Z. Y., Pei, X., Wen, Z. G., Wu, J. J., Xu, Y. H., Xu, R. X., Yuan, J. P., and Zhang, C. F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

We present our piggyback search for fast radio bursts using the Nanshan 26m Radio Telescope and the Kunming 40m Radio Telescope. The observations are performed in the L-band from 1380 MHz to 1700 MHz at Nanshan and S-band from 2170 MHz to 2310 MHz at Kunming. We built the \textsc{Roach2}-based FFT spectrometer and developed the real-time transient search software. We introduce a new radio interference mitigation technique named \emph{zero-DM matched filter} and give the formula of the signal-to-noise ratio loss in the transient search. Though we have no positive detection of bursts in about 1600 and 2400 hours data at Nanshan and Kunming respectively, an intriguing peryton was detected at Nanshan, from which hundreds of bursts were recorded. Perytons are terrestrial radio signals that mimic celestial fast radio bursts. They were first reported at Parkes and identified as microwave oven interferences later. The bursts detected at Nanshan show similar frequency swept emission and have double-peaked profiles. They appeared in different sky regions in about tens of minutes observations and the dispersion measure index is not exactly 2, which indicates the terrestrial origin. The peryton differs drastically from the known perytons detected at Parkes, because it appeared in a precise period of $p=1.71287\pm 0.00004$ s. Its origin remains unknown., Comment: 17 pages, 13 figures

Published
2019
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27. A fast radio burst source at a complex magnetized site in a barred galaxy

Author

Xu, H., Niu, J. R., Chen, P., Lee, K. J., Zhu, W. W., Dong, S., Zhang, B., Jiang, J. C., Wang, B. J., Xu, J. W., Zhang, C. F., Fu, H., Filippenko, A. V., Peng, E. W., Zhou, D. J., Zhang, Y. K., Wang, P., Feng, Y., Li, Y., Brink, T. G., Li, D. Z., Lu, W., Yang, Y. P., Caballero, R. N., Cai, C., Chen, M. Z., Dai, Z. G., Djorgovski, S. G., Esamdin, A., Gan, H. Q., Guhathakurta, P., Han, J. L., Hao, L. F., Huang, Y. X., Jiang, P., Li, C. K., Li, D., Li, H., Li, X. Q., Li, Z. X., Liu, Z. Y., Luo, R., Men, Y. P., Niu, C. H., Peng, W. X., Qian, L., Song, L. M., Stern, D., Stockton, A., Sun, J. H., Wang, F. Y., Wang, M., Wang, N., Wang, W. Y., Wu, X. F., Xiao, S., Xiong, S. L., Xu, Y. H., Xu, R. X., Yang, J., Yang, X., Yao, R., Yi, Q. B., Yue, Y. L., Yu, D. J., Yu, W. F., Yuan, J. P., Zhang, B. B., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, S. N., Zhao, Y., Zheng, W. K., Zhu, Y., and Zou, J. H.

Published
2022
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28. A repeating fast radio burst associated with a persistent radio source

Author

Niu, C.-H., Aggarwal, K., Li, D., Zhang, X., Chatterjee, S., Tsai, C.-W., Yu, W., Law, C. J., Burke-Spolaor, S., Cordes, J. M., Zhang, Y.-K., Ocker, S. K., Yao, J.-M., Wan, P., Feng, Y., Niino, Y., Bochenek, C., Cruces, M., Connor, L., Jiang, J.-A., Dai, S., Luo, R., Li, G.-D., Miao, C.-C., Niu, J.-R., Anna-Thomas, R., Sydnor, J., Stern, D., Wang, W.-Y., Yuan, M., Yue, Y.-L., Zhou, D.-J., Yan, Z., Zhu, W.-W., and Zhang, B.

Published
2022
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30. Author Correction: A fast radio burst source at a complex magnetized site in a barred galaxy

Author

Xu, H., Niu, J. R., Chen, P., Lee, K. J., Zhu, W. W., Dong, S., Zhang, B., Jiang, J. C., Wang, B. J., Xu, J. W., Zhang, C. F., Fu, H., Filippenko, A. V., Peng, E. W., Zhou, D. J., Zhang, Y. K., Wang, P., Feng, Y., Li, Y., Brink, T. G., Li, D. Z., Lu, W., Yang, Y. P., Caballero, R. N., Cai, C., Chen, M. Z., Dai, Z. G., Djorgovski, S. G., Esamdin, A., Gan, H. Q., Guhathakurta, P., Han, J. L., Hao, L. F., Huang, Y. X., Jiang, P., Li, C. K., Li, D., Li, H., Li, X. Q., Li, Z. X., Liu, Z. Y., Luo, R., Men, Y. P., Niu, C. H., Peng, W. X., Qian, L., Song, L. M., Stern, D., Stockton, A., Sun, J. H., Wang, F. Y., Wang, M., Wang, N., Wang, W. Y., Wu, X. F., Xiao, S., Xiong, S. L., Xu, Y. H., Xu, R. X., Yang, J., Yang, X., Yao, R., Yi, Q. B., Yue, Y. L., Yu, D. J., Yu, W. F., Yuan, J. P., Zhang, B. B., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, S. N., Zhao, Y., Zheng, W. K., Zhu, Y., and Zou, J. H.

Published
2022
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31. Publisher Correction: A repeating fast radio burst associated with a persistent radio source

Author

Niu, C.-H., Aggarwal, K., Li, D., Zhang, X., Chatterjee, S., Tsai, C.-W., Yu, W., Law, C. J., Burke-Spolaor, S., Cordes, J. M., Zhang, Y.-K., Ocker, S. K., Yao, J.-M., Wang, P., Feng, Y., Niino, Y., Bochenek, C., Cruces, M., Connor, L., Jiang, J.-A., Dai, S., Luo, R., Li, G.-D., Miao, C.-C., Niu, J.-R., Anna-Thomas, R., Sydnor, J., Stern, D., Wang, W.-Y., Yuan, M., Yue, Y.-L., Zhou, D.-J., Yan, Z., Zhu, W.-W., and Zhang, B.

Published
2022
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34. Screening and Identification of Potential Biomarkers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Analysis of TCGA Database and Clinical Validation

Author

Wei X, Ke J, Huang H, Zhou S, Guo A, Wang K, Zhan Y, Mai C, Ao W, Xie F, Luo R, Xiao J, Wei H, and Chen B

Subjects
hepatocellular carcinoma, biomarkers, tcga database, nox4, flvcr1, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Xianli Wei,1,* Junzi Ke,2,3,* Haonan Huang,2,3,* Shikun Zhou,2,3 Ao Guo,4 Kun Wang,2,3 Yujuan Zhan,2,3 Cong Mai,5 Weizhen Ao,3 Fuda Xie,6,7 Rongping Luo,8 Jianyong Xiao,2 Hang Wei,4 Bonan Chen2,3 1Department of Medical Instruments, Guangdong Food and Drug Vocational College, Guangzhou 510520, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Biochemistry, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China; 3Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China; 4School of Medical Information Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Abdominal Surgery, Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, People’s Republic of China; 6The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China; 7Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China; 8School of Foreign Language, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Bonan Chen; Hang Wei Email 20171104455@stu.gzucm.edu.cn; crwei@gzucm.edu.cnIntroduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer in the world. Up to now, many genes associated with HCC have not yet been identified. In this study, we screened the HCC-related genes through the integrated analysis of the TCGA database, of which the potential biomarkers were also further validated by clinical specimens. The discovery of potential biomarkers for HCC provides more opportunities for diagnostic indicators or gene-targeted therapies.Methods: Cancer-related genes in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) HCC database were screened by a random forest (RF) classifier based on the RF algorithm. Proteins encoded by the candidate genes and other associated proteins obtained via protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis were subjected to Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. The newly identified genes were further validated in the HCC cell lines and clinical tissue specimens by Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Survival analysis verified the clinical value of genes.Results: Ten genes with the best feature importance in the RF classifier were screened as candidate genes. By comprehensive analysis of PPI, GO and KEGG, these genes were confirmed to be closely related to HCC tumors. Representative NOX4 and FLVCR1 were selected for further validation by biochemical analysis which showed upregulation in both cancer cell lines and clinical tumor tissues. High expression of NOX4 or FLVCR1 in cancer cells predicts low survival.Conclusion: Herein, we report that NOX4 and FLVCR1 are promising biomarkers for HCC that may be used as diagnostic indicators or therapeutic targets.Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, biomarkers, TCGA database, NOX4, FLVCR1

Published
2020

35. Impact of the Body Mass Index on Hemorrhage After Surgery for Thyroid Cancer

Author

Li P, Luo R, Guo L, Li W, and Qi J

Subjects
body mass index, thyroid cancer, hemorrhage, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Peng Li,1 Ruihua Luo,1 Lanwei Guo,2 Wenlu Li,3 Jinxing Qi1 1Department of Head Neck and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China; 2Office for Cancer Control and Research, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Peng LiDepartment of Head Neck and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 127 Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450008, Henan, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail zlyylipeng2383@zzu.edu.cnObjective: To investigate the effects of different values of the body mass index (BMI) on postoperative hemorrhage (PH) in thyroid cancer (TC) and its clinical management.Methods: This retrospective cohort study selected 43 patients with hemorrhage after TC surgery in 7413 cases. Patients were divided based on the BMI (kg/m2) into normal (24), overweight group (24 ≤BMl< 28) and obese (≥ 28) groups. Clinical and pathologic data, bleeding cause, bleeding site, treatment and prognosis were assessed.Results: BMI (P=0.038) is an independent risk factor for PH of TC, related to hypertension (P=0.004) and coronary heart disease (P=0.001) in the three groups. Preoperative weight loss was not noted (P=0.477). Hemorrhage in 60.47% of patients occurred between 4 h and 8 h after surgery. The higher the BMI, the longer was the operative time (≥ 1 h, 65.12%) (P=0.017), which resulted in greater intraoperative blood loss (≥ 20 mL, 74.42%) (P=0.025), postoperative hypoparathyroidism (P=0.015) and the probability of injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (P=0.026). The main causes of bleeding were incomplete vascular ligation (30.23%), severe postoperative cervical activity (16.28%) and long-term use of anticoagulant drugs (11.63%). Overall survival at 5 years in the obese group was poor (P=0.015). Forty patients (93.02%) underwent surgical exploration and hemostasis and two patients (4.65%) underwent tracheotomy. All PH complications disappeared completely after active postoperative treatment, and all patients were discharged from hospital.Conclusion: Obesity is closely associated with PH in TC patients. Therefore, in obese patients, active prevention preoperatively, complete hemostasis intraoperatively, early detection and timely treatment postoperatively are the key factors to reduce PH risk.Keywords: body mass index, thyroid cancer, hemorrhage

Published
2020

36. Individualized Drug Repositioning For Rheumatoid Arthritis Using Weighted Kolmogorov–Smirnov Algorithm

Author

Hu RY, Tian XB, Li B, Luo R, Zhang B, and Zhao JM

Subjects
rheumatoid arthritis, drug repositioning, individualized pathway aberrance, differential pathway, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Ru-Yin Hu,1–3,* Xiao-Bin Tian,3,* Bo Li,3 Rui Luo,3 Bin Zhang,3 Jin-Min Zhao1 1Department of Orthopaedics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Orthopaedics, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jin-Min ZhaoDepartment of Orthopaedics, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 771 13985048001Email zhao948586007@126.comBackground: Existing drugs are far from enough for investigators and patients to administrate the therapy of rheumatoid arthritis. Drug repositioning has drawn broad attention by reusing marketed drugs and clinical candidates for new uses.Purpose: This study attempted to predict candidate drugs for rheumatoid arthritis treatment by mining the similarities of pathway aberrance induced by disease and various drugs, on a personalized or customized basis.Methods: We firstly measured the individualized pathway aberrance induced by rheumatoid arthritis based on the microarray data and various drugs from CMap database, respectively. Then, the similarities of pathway aberrances between RA and various drugs were calculated using a Kolmogorov–Smirnov weighted enrichment score algorithm.Results: Using this method, we identified 4 crucial pathways involved in rheumatoid arthritis development and predicted 9 underlying candidate drugs for rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Some candidates with current indications to treat other diseases might be repurposed to treat rheumatoid arthritis and complement the drug group for rheumatoid arthritis.Conclusion: This study predicts candidate drugs for rheumatoid arthritis treatment through mining the similarities of pathway aberrance induced by disease and various drugs, on a personalized or customized basis. Our framework will provide novel insights in personalized drug discovery for rheumatoid arthritis and contribute to the future application of custom therapeutic decisions.Keywords: rheumatoid arthritis, drug repositioning, individualized pathway aberrance, differential pathway

Published
2019

37. Comprehensive Structural and Biochemical Analysis of the Terminal Myxalamid Reductase Domain for the Engineered Production of Primary Alcohols

Author

Barajas, JF, Phelan, RM, Schaub, AJ, Kliewer, JT, Kelly, PJ, Jackson, DR, Luo, R, Keasling, JD, and Tsai, SC

Subjects
Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biochemistry and cell biology, Medicinal and biomolecular chemistry
Abstract

Summary The terminal reductase (R) domain from the non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) module MxaA in Stigmatella aurantiaca Sga15 catalyzes a non-processive four-electron reduction to produce the myxalamide family of secondary metabolites. Despite widespread use in nature, a lack of structural and mechanistic information concerning reductive release from polyketide synthase (PKS) and NRPS assembly lines principally limits our ability to redesign R domains with altered or improved activity. Here we report crystal structures for MxaA R, both in the absence and, for the first time, in the presence of the NADPH cofactor. Molecular dynamics simulations were employed to provide a deeper understanding of this domain and further identify residues critical for structural integrity, substrate binding, and catalysis. Aggregate computational and structural findings provided a basis for mechanistic investigations and, in the process, delivered a rationally altered variant with improved activity toward highly reduced substrates.

Published
2015

38. When are IG-projective modules projective?

Author

Luo, R. and Jian, D. M.

Subjects
Mathematics - Representation Theory
Abstract

This paper concerns when a finitely generated IG-projective module is projective over commutative Noetherian local rings. We prove that a finitely generated IG-projective module is projective if and only if it is selforthogonal.

Published
2013

41. Unification of Gauge Couplings in the E(6)SSM

Author

Athron, P., King, S. F., Luo, R., Miller, D. J., Moretti, S., and Nevzorov, R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We argue that in the two-loop approximation gauge coupling unification in the exceptional supersymmetric standard model can be achieved for any phenomenologically reasonable value of strong gauge coupling at the electroweak scale consistent with the experimentally measured central value., Comment: Parallel talk at SUSY09, Boston, USA, June 2009, 5 pages

Published
2009
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44. Change of Rotation Measure during the Eclipse of a Black Widow PSR J2051−0827

Author

Wang, S. Q., primary, Wang, J. B., additional, Li, D. Z., additional, Yao, J. M., additional, Manchester, R. N., additional, Hobbs, G., additional, Wang, N., additional, Dai, S., additional, Xu, H., additional, Luo, R., additional, Feng, Y., additional, Wang, W. Y., additional, Li, D., additional, Yu, Y. W., additional, Du, Z. X., additional, Niu, C. H., additional, Zhang, S. B., additional, and Zhang, C. M., additional

Published
2023
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45. Generation of Flavour Dependent Lepton Asymmetries in the E$_6$SSM

Author

King, S. F., Luo, R., Miller, D. J., and Nevzorov, R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We calculate flavour dependent lepton asymmetries within the $E_6$ inspired Supersymmetric Standard Model. Our analysis reveals that the substantial lepton CP asymmetries can be induced even if $M_1\simeq 10^6 {GeV}$., Comment: Poster presented at ICHEP08, Philadelphia, USA, July 2008. 3 pages, 2 figures

Published
2008

46. Inhibition of the hedgehog pathway for the treatment of cancer using Itraconazole

Author

Li K, Fang D, Xiong Z, and Luo R

Subjects
Itraconazole, Cancer, Hedgehog pathway, Apoptosis, Autophagy., Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Ke Li,1 Dengyang Fang,1 Zuming Xiong,1 Runlan Luo21Department of General Surgery, Fuling Central Hospital of Chongqing City, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Ultrasound, Fuling Central Hospital of Chongqing City, Chongqing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Runlan LuoDepartment of Ultrasound, Fuling Central Hospital of Chongqing City, Chongqing 408000, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail 156460145@qq.comAbstract: Itraconazole (ITZ) is an anti-fungal drug that has been used in clinical practice for nearly 35 years. Recently, numerous experiments have shown that ITZ possesses anti-cancer properties. The Hedgehog (Hh) pathway plays a pivotal role in fundamental processes, including embryogenesis, structure, morphology and proliferation in various species. This pathway is typically silent in adult cells, and inappropriate activity is linked to various tumor types. The most important mechanism of ITZ in the treatment of cancer is inhibition of the Hh pathway through the inhibition of smoothened receptors (SMO), glioma-associated oncogene homologs (GLI), and their downstream targets. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of ITZ in the treatment of cancer through inhibition of the Hh pathway, which includes anti-inflammation, prevention of tumor growth, induction of cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis and autophagy, prevention of angiogenesis, and drug resistance. We also discuss the clinical use of ITZ in many types of cancers. We hope this review will provide more information to support future studies on ITZ in the treatment of various cancers.Keywords: Itraconazole, cancer, hedgehog pathway, apoptosis, autophagy

Published
2019

47. Leptogenesis in the E$_6$SSM: Flavour Dependent Lepton Asymmetries

Author

King, S. F., Luo, R., Miller, D. J., and Nevzorov, R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We discuss flavour dependent lepton asymmetries in the Exceptional Supersymmetric Standard Model (E$_6$SSM). In the E$_6$SSM, the right-handed neutrinos do not participate in gauge interactions, and they decay into leptons and leptoquarks. Their Majorana nature allows violation of lepton number. New particles and interactions can result in substantial lepton asymmetries, even for scales as low as $10^6 {\rm GeV}$., Comment: 3 pages, 6 figures, SUSY08 proceeding

Published
2008
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48. Leptogenesis in the Exceptional Supersymmetric Standard Model: flavour dependent lepton asymmetries

Author

King, S. F., Luo, R., Miller, D. J., and Nevzorov, R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We calculate flavour dependent lepton asymmetries within the $E_6$ inspired Supersymmetric Standard Model ($\rm E_6SSM$), which has an extra $U(1)_N$ symmetry. In this model, the right-handed neutrino doesn't participate in gauge interactions, allowing it to be used for both the see--saw mechanism and leptogenesis. Extra Higgs, leptons and leptoquarks predicted by the E$_6$SSM contribute to the ordinary lepton CP asymmetries induced by the decays of the lightest right--handed neutrino (and sneutrino) and give rise to a set of extra decay asymmetries. We find that the CP asymmetries can be relatively large, even when the lightest right--handed neutrino is as light as $10^6 {GeV}$., Comment: 40 pages, 9 figures, references added, subsection added

Published
2008
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49. Can the voluntary drive to a paretic muscle be estimated from the myoelectric signal during stimulation?

Author

Luo, R., Donaldson, N., and Vanhoestenberghe, A.

Subjects
610
Abstract

Patients with SCI sometimes recover lost function after using FES. This phenomenon, known as the carry-over effect, is not fully understood. One theory used to explain this mechanism is that electrical stimulation of the peripheral nerve causes antidromic action potentials to reach the anterior horn cells in time with the patient’s voluntary effort. This may reinforce the motor pathways and consequently restore voluntary control. However, the theory has never been properly tested and testing requires a method of measuring the voluntary drive. This project aims to find out whether it is possible to estimate the voluntary drive from measured myoelectric signals. The project is based on an FES cycling system with the ability to adjust the stimulation intensity relating to the corresponding voluntary drive. In paretic muscles, the weak voluntary contraction produces an EMG response. The EMG signal cannot be used directly as an indication of the voluntary drive because of the presence of stimulus artefact and reflexes. Two methods were investigated to estimate the voluntary drive. A time domain method was tested using RMS EMG extracted from a range of time windows following the stimulation pulse. This approach was unsatisfactory because the large variations seen in the RMS EMG amplitudes for the same power output as well as the low sensitivity of it to the change of power output. A frequency domain approach was then tested using coherence between co-contracting muscles. It was encouraging to see that the area under the coherence curve in the β band reflected changes in the power output level. However, further tests showed that this area was also greatly influenced by exercise time, becoming unpredictable after 3 minutes. In conclusion, neither of the two methods of using the myoelectric signal from muscles under stimulation is practical for the estimation of voluntary drive.

Published
2013

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