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Research vessels are typically equipped with multiple receivers for positioning and attitude measurement; however, there is no data interaction or model fusion to implement the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) for these receivers. Therefore, a Constrained PPP (CPPP) is established by using the baseline length and tropospheric constraints of two receivers to improve the vessel’s remote marine positioning performance. Based on two integrated Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) receivers, marine experiments are conducted at a distance of 300–600 km from land. Compared to the ground environment, the Root Mean Square error (RMS) of the multipath and the STandard Deviation (STD) of the carrier-to-noise ratio in the marine environment are increased by 2.87 and 2.6 times, respectively. The length constraints reduce the RMS of positioning in the East, North, and Up (ENU) directions by about 0.053 (67%), 0.020 (34%), and 0.054 m (34%), respectively, and also rapidly recover positioning after interruptions, achieving positioning with errors in the ENU-directions of 10, 15, and 20 cm, respectively, within 3 minutes. When the baseline length and tropospheric constraints are combined, with or without the addition of the Zenith Wet Delay bias (dZWD), the average STD can be reduced by about 0.060 m (43%) and the accuracy of the up-positioning can be significantly improved. The correlation of dZWD to the up-positioning deviation of du=−2.161*dZWD is obtained by simulation. Since the acquisition of dZWD depends on the PPP accuracy, it is recommended that dZWD be set to compensate for unmodeled receiver errors when the STD of the up-positioning is superior to 0.06 m.

This paper focuses on the performance of a braced deep excavation in soft soil based on field monitoring and numerical modeling. Laboratory tests were conducted to determine the soil parameters used in the modified Cam–Clay (MCC) model. Intelligent field monitoring means were adopted and a three-dimensional model was established. Spatial and temporal effects induced by the excavation are investigated for the deep-large foundation pit in soft soil. Deformation characteristics of the enclosure structure and the surrounding environment throughout the excavation process are presented. The behaviors of diaphragm walls, columns, the maximum wall deflection rate, ground surface settlement, and utility pipelines were focused on and investigated during the whole excavation process. Besides, the axial forces of the internal supports are analyzed. Based on the measured and simulated data, the following main conclusions were obtained: the numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the measured values, which proves the accuracy of the model parameters; the wall and the ground surface showed the maximum displacement increment at stage 9, which was a coupled product of the “creep effect” of the soft soil in Nanjing, China and the “depth effect” of the excavation; as the excavation progressed, the ground settlement changed from a “rising” to a “spoon-shaped” trend, δvm was measured between δvm = 0.0686%H and δvm = 0.1488%H; the rebound deformation curve of the pit bottom was corrugated, and the depth of disturbance of the pit bottom after the completion of soil unloading was 2–3 times the excavation depth; the closer the pipeline is to the corner of the pit, the less the excavation process will affect the settlement of the pipeline and the less the obvious pit corner effect will occur; the support strength of the buttress and the longest corner brace should be strengthened during the actual construction process to ensure the stability of the foundation deformation.

Abstract Background The burden of common urologic diseases, including benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), urinary tract infections (UTI), urolithiasis, bladder cancer, kidney cancer, and prostate cancer, varies both geographically and within specific regions. It is essential to conduct a comprehensive and precise assessment of the global burden of urologic diseases. Methods We obtained data on incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for the aforementioned urologic diseases by age, sex, location, and year from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021. We analyzed the burden associated with urologic diseases based on socio-demographic index (SDI) and attributable risk factors. The trends in burden over time were assessed using estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) along with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results In 2021, BPH and UTI were the leading causes of age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), with rates of 5531.88 and 2782.59 per 100,000 persons, respectively. Prostate cancer was the leading cause of both age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR), with rates of 12.63 and 217.83 per 100,000 persons, respectively. From 1990 to 2021, there was an upward trend in ASIR, ASPR, ASMR, and ASDR for UTI, while urolithiasis showed a downward trend. The middle and low-middle SDI quintile levels exhibited higher incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALYs related to UTI, urolithiasis, and BPH, while the high and high-middle SDI quintile levels showed higher rates for the three cancers. The burden of these six urologic diseases displayed diverse age and sex distribution patterns. In 2021, a high body mass index (BMI) contributed to 20.07% of kidney cancer deaths worldwide, while smoking accounted for 26.48% of bladder cancer deaths and 3.00% of prostate cancer deaths. Conclusions The global burden of 6 urologic diseases presents a significant public health challenge. Urgent international collaboration is essential to advance the improvement of urologic disease management, encompassing the development of effective diagnostic screening tools and the implementation of high-quality prevention and treatment strategies.

Shengli Oilfield has a large scale of undeveloped reserves， which is an important backup for the sustainable production of the oilfield. However， many years of development practice show that there are lots of problems in the overall development of these reserves， which restricts the economic development and production of the reservoir. In view of the characteristics of some reservoirs with low grade， difficult production， and poor development effect， the types and distribution characteristics of undeveloped reserves in Shengli Oilfield were systematically sorted out， and the main types of undeveloped reserves and key research objectives were defined. Based on the development practice in recent years in the reservoirs such as glutenites， beach bar sands， and deep low-permeability heavy oil， the paper analyzed three main technologies for undeveloped reserves， including large-scale fracturing of wells with high inclination in glutenite reservoirs， pressure flooding in low-permeability beach bar sand reservoirs， and cold production of heavy oil reservoirs by chemical viscosity reduction. The large-scale fracturing technology of wells with long sections and high inclination combined engineering sweet spots and geological sweet spots through the geology and engineering integration， and its application in the glutenite oil reservoirs with low grade has greatly improved reservoir productivity. The innovative development concept of pressure-driven water injection technology has achieved a breakthrough in replenishing energy and increasing the production of beach bar sand reservoirs with low-permeability. The development technology of viscosity reduction combined with pressure flooding has achieved a breakthrough in the economic development of deep heavy oil reservoirs with low-permeability by changing the development idea. These three reservoir types have been effectively produced of undeveloped reserves from single well production， reservoir energy replenishment， and low-cost development and have achieved good development results. The breakthrough of development technologies and the change of development concept are the only ways for the effective development of undeveloped reserves， which has an important demonstration and guiding significance for the development of other undeveloped reserves in Shengli Oilfield.

Abstract The demand for high-capacity batteries with long cycle life and safety has been increasing owing to the expanding mid-to-large battery market. Li–S batteries are suitable energy-storage devices because of their reversibility, high theoretical capacity, and inexpensive construction materials. However, their performance is limited by various factors, including the shuttle effect and dendrite growth at the anode. Here, an integrated electrode for use in all-solid-state (ASS) Li–S batteries was formed via hot pressing. In detail, S particles dispersed in a functionalized reduced graphite oxide (rGO) cathode with a binder-less polymer electrolyte (PE) and a dual-anion ionic liquid-containing cross-linked poly(ethylene oxide)–Li bis(fluoromethanesulfonyl)imide–N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide-based solid polymer electrolyte (SPE, PEO–LiFSI0.1(Pyr14TFSI)0.4) were hot-pressed into an integrated electrode, which serves as both the cathode and electrolyte. The resulting S/rGO-based solid-state Li–S batteries exhibited more stable performance than Li–S batteries using liquid electrolytes did, indicating that the dual-anion SPE layer effectively suppressed dendritic Li formation and the shuttle effect with high ionic conductivity. At 0.1 C, the battery discharge capacities were 957 and 576 mAh g−1 in the first cycle and after 100 cycles, respectively. At 1 C, the reversible capacity was 590 and 417 mAh g−1 in the first cycle and after 100 cycles, respectively (capacity retention = 71%). Therefore, the proposed S/rGO/PE//LiFSI0.1(Pyr14TFSI)0.4-integrated electrodes are beneficial for ASS Li–S batteries.

Abstract In the healing process of myocardial infarction, cardiac fibroblasts are activated to produce collagen, leading to adverse remodeling and heart failure. Our previous study showed that ASPP1 promotes cardiomyocyte apoptosis by enhancing the nuclear trafficking of p53. We thus explored the influence of ASPP1 on myocardial fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms. Here, we observed that ASPP1 was increased after 4 weeks of MI. Both global and myofibroblast knockout of ASPP1 in mice mitigated cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis after MI. Strikingly, ASPP1 produced the opposite influence on p53 level and cell fate in cardiac fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes. Knockdown of ASPP1 increased p53 levels and inhibited the activity of cardiac fibroblasts. ASPP1 accumulated in the cytoplasm of fibroblasts while the level of p53 was reduced following TGF-β1 stimulation; however, inhibition of ASPP1 increased the p53 level and promoted p53 nuclear translocation. Mechanistically, ASPP1 is directly bound to deubiquitinase OTUB1, thereby promoting the ubiquitination and degradation of p53, attenuating myofibroblast activity and cardiac fibrosis, and improving heart function after MI.

The fine modeling of the lunar gravity field is a fundamental task for establishing lunar altitude references, conducting research on lunar interior structure, and other scientific endeavors. The lunar gravity field model constructed solely based on spacecraft orbit data has limited spatial resolution, making it challenging to meet the demands of fine gravity field research. The acquisition of high-resolution terrain models presents new opportunities for the study of precise lunar gravity fields. This paper reviews the current status and advancements in fine lunar gravity field modeling, including research efforts and evaluation methods for global lunar gravity field models, principles and technologies for fine gravity field modeling, as well as related research outcomes. On this basis, this paper systematically summarizes the key theoretical issues and technical challenges in the theory of lunar gravity field modeling based on high-resolution terrain models. These include data updating, error correction in high-frequency gravity field modeling, calculation efficiency, and the series divergence problem in spherical harmonic analysis. In addition, future research directions are discussed. This work will provide references for gravity field research on the Moon and other terrestrial planets.

Abstract Psoriasis is characterized by keratinocyte (KC) hyperproliferation and inflammatory cell infiltration, but the mechanisms remain unclear. In an imiquimod-induced mouse psoriasiform model, p38 activity is significantly elevated in KCs and p38α specific deletion in KCs ameliorates skin inflammation. p38α signaling promotes KC proliferation and psoriasis-related proinflammatory gene expression during psoriasis development. Mechanistically, p38α enhances KC proliferation and production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines by activating STAT3. While p38α signaling in KCs does not affect the expression of IL-23 and IL-17, it substantially amplifies the IL-23/IL-17 pathogenic axis in psoriasis. The therapeutic effect of IL-17 neutralization is associated with decreased p38 and STAT3 activities in KCs and targeting the p38α-STAT3 axis in KCs ameliorates the severity of psoriasis. As IL-17 also highly activates p38 and STAT3 in KCs, our findings reveal a sustained signaling circuit important for psoriasis development, highlighting p38α-STAT3 axis as an important target for psoriasis treatment.

Abstract Feline mesenchymal stem cells (fMSCs) are well known for their robust differentiation capabilities and are commonly used in studying immune-related diseases in cats. Despite their importance, the susceptibility of fMSCs to viral infections remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess the susceptibility of feline adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (fAD-MSCs) and feline umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (fUC-MSCs) to common feline viruses, including feline coronavirus (FCoV), feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1), and feline panleukopenia virus (FPV). The results demonstrated that both FCoV and FHV-1 were able to infect both types of cells, while FPV did not exhibit cytopathic effects on fUC-MSCs. Furthermore, all three viruses were successfully isolated from fAD-MSCs. These findings suggest that certain feline viruses can replicate in fMSCs, indicating potential limitations in using fMSCs for treating viral diseases caused by these specific viruses. This study has important clinical implications for veterinarians, particularly in the management of viral diseases.

Interfacial solar-driven evaporation technology shows great potential in the field of industrial seawater desalination, and the development of efficient and low-cost evaporation materials is key to achieving large-scale applications. Hydrogels are considered to be promising candidates; however, conventional hydrogel-based interfacial solar evaporators have difficulty in simultaneously meeting multiple requirements, including a high evaporation rate, salt resistance, and good mechanical properties. In this study, a Janus sponge-like hydrogel solar evaporator (CPAS) with excellent comprehensive performance was successfully constructed. The introduction of biomass agar (AG) into the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel backbone reduced the enthalpy of water evaporation, optimized the pore structure, and improved the mechanical properties. Meanwhile, by introducing hydrophobic fumed nano-silica aerogel (SA) and a synergistic foaming-crosslinking process, the hydrogel spontaneously formed a Janus structure with a hydrophobic surface and hydrophilic bottom properties. Based on the reduction of the evaporation enthalpy and the modulation of the pore structure, the CPAS evaporation rate reached 3.56 kg m−2 h−1 under one sun illumination. Most importantly, owing to the hydrophobic top surface and 3D-interconnected porous channels, the evaporator could work stably in high concentrations of salt-water (25 wt% NaCl), showing strong salt resistance. Efficient water evaporation, excellent salt resistance, scalable preparation processes, and low-cost raw materials make CPAS extremely promising for practical applications.

Abstract Accurate discrimination between patients with and without cancer from cfDNA is crucial for early cancer diagnosis. Herein, we develop and validate a deep-learning-based model entitled end-motif inspection via transformer (EMIT) for discriminating individuals with and without cancer by learning feature representations from cfDNA end-motifs. EMIT is a self-supervised learning approach that models rankings of cfDNA end-motifs. We include 4606 samples subjected to different types of cfDNA sequencing to develop EIMIT, and subsequently evaluate classification performance of linear projections of EMIT on six datasets and an additional inhouse testing set encopassing whole-genome, whole-genome bisulfite and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine sequencing. The linear projection of representations from EMIT achieved area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) values ranged from 0.895 (0.835–0.955) to 0.996 (0.994–0.997) across these six datasets, outperforming its baseline by significant margins. Additionally, we showed that linear projection of EMIT representations can achieve an AUROC of 0.962 (0.914–1.0) in identification of lung cancer on an independent testing set subjected to whole-exome sequencing. The findings of this study indicate that a transformer-based deep learning model can learn cancer-discrimative representations from cfDNA end-motifs. The representations of this deep learning model can be exploited for discriminating patients with and without cancer.

Objective To investigate the effect of stereotactic minimally invasive surgery on immune level and activities of daily living in elderly patients with glioma. Methods Ninety elderly patients with glioma admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from March 2020 to February 2022 were selected as the study subjects and divided into two groups according to the random number table, 45 cases for each group. The control group was treated with conventional craniotomy and the observation group was treated with stereotactic minimally invasive surgery. The clinical efficacy, activities of daily living (ADL) score, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, peripheral blood immune parameters T helper (Th) 1, Th2 and Th17 levels were compared between the two groups. Results The overall response rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group. The recurrence rate at 1 year after surgery was lower than that in the control group. After treatment, the ADL score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, the NIHSS score was lower than that in the control group, the Th1 level was higher than that in the control group, and the Th2 and Th17 levels were lower than those in the control group. The differences were statistically significant (P

Abstract More than 90% of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases develop in the presence of fibrosis or cirrhosis, making the tumor microenvironment (TME) of HCC distinctive due to the intricate interplay between cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and cancer stem cells (CSCs), which collectively regulate HCC progression. However, the mechanisms through which CSCs orchestrate the dynamics of the tumor stroma during HCC development remain elusive. Our study unveils a significant upregulation of Sema3C in fibrotic liver, HCC tissues, peripheral blood of HCC patients, as well as sorafenib-resistant tissues and cells, with its overexpression correlating with the acquisition of stemness properties in HCC. We further identify NRP1 and ITGB1 as pivotal functional receptors of Sema3C, activating downstream AKT/Gli1/c-Myc signaling pathways to bolster HCC self-renewal and tumor initiation. Additionally, HCC cells-derived Sema3C facilitated extracellular matrix (ECM) contraction and collagen deposition in vivo, while also promoting the proliferation and activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Mechanistically, Sema3C interacted with NRP1 and ITGB1 in HSCs, activating downstream NF-kB signaling, thereby stimulating the release of IL-6 and upregulating HMGCR expression, consequently enhancing cholesterol synthesis in HSCs. Furthermore, CAF-secreted TGF-β1 activates AP1 signaling to augment Sema3C expression in HCC cells, establishing a positive feedback loop that accelerates HCC progression. Notably, blockade of Sema3C effectively inhibits tumor growth and sensitizes HCC cells to sorafenib in vivo. In sum, our findings spotlight Sema3C as a novel biomarker facilitating the crosstalk between CSCs and stroma during hepatocarcinogenesis, thereby offering a promising avenue for enhancing treatment efficacy and overcoming drug resistance in HCC.

Abstract Background The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of intratumoral metabolic heterogeneity and quantitative 18F‐FDG PET/CT imaging parameters in predicting patient outcomes in thymic epithelial tumors (TETs). Methods This retrospective study included 100 patients diagnosed with TETs who underwent pretreatment 18F‐FDG PET/CT. The maximum and mean standardized uptake values (SUVmax and SUVmean), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) on PET/CT were measured. Heterogeneity index‐1 (HI‐1; standard deviation [SD] divided by SUVmean) and heterogeneity index‐2 (HI‐2; linear regression slopes of the MTV according with different SUV thresholds), were evaluated as heterogeneity indices. Associations between these parameters and patient survival outcomes were analyzed. Results The univariate analysis showed that Masaoka stage, TNM stage, WHO classification, SUVmax, SUVmean, TLG, and HI‐1 were significant prognostic factors for progression‐free survival (PFS), while MTV, HI‐2, age, gender, presence of myasthenia gravis, and maximum tumor diameter were not. Subsequently, multivariate analyses showed that HI‐1 (p

Abstract Background This study investigated the relaxation effect of PGE2 on the ureter and its role in promoting calculi expulsion following calculi development. Methods By using immunofluorescence and Western blot, we were able to locate EP receptors in the ureter. In vitro experiments assessed the impact of PGE2, receptor antagonists, and agonists on ureteral relaxation rate. We constructed a model of ureteral calculi with flowable resin and collected ureteral tissue from postoperative side of the ureter after obstruction surgery. Western blot analysis was used to determine the protein expression levels of EP receptors and the PGE2 terminal synthase mPGES-1. Additionally, PGE2 was added to smooth muscle cells to observe downstream cAMP and PKA changes. Results The expression of EP2 and EP4 proteins in ureteral smooth muscle was verified by Western blot analysis. According to immunofluorescence, EP2 was primarily found on the cell membrane, while EP4 was found in the nucleus. In vitro, PGE2 induced concentration-dependent ureteral relaxation. Maximum diastolic rate was 70.94 ± 4.57% at a concentration of 30µM. EP2 antagonists hindered this effect, while EP4 antagonists did not. Obstructed ureters exhibited elevated mPGES-1 and EP2 protein expression (P

Accurately revealing the temporal and spatial laws of urban public safety incidents can provide a scientific basis for the construction of urban public safety. Telephone complaints are an important way for residents to perceive urban public safety based on objective reality. This paper uses the 12,345 citizen complaint hotline data in Beijing to explore the temporal and spatial distribution patterns and aggregation characteristics of urban public safety within a day by Emerging HotSpot Analysis. And analyzes the safety space classification based on the characteristic patterns. The results show that: ①The curve of complaints about urban public safety incidents in Beijing is obvious “double peaks” characteristics within one day, at 10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. respectively; ②The occurrence of urban public safety incidents occurs from scratch, from small to large, from large to small, and gradually disappearing within one day; ③The complaints of urban public safety show significant aggregation characteristics in each time period, and the degree of aggregation changes with time; ④ The main manifestations are scattered hot spots and oscillating hot spots. The research conclusions are expected to provide new ideas for urban public safety research and enrich social perception research based on complaint data.

Abstract Background To investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of umbilical cord blood-mononuclear cells (UCB-MNCs) in treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in rabbits. Methods A rabbit KOA model was prepared by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT). Fifty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into the control group, model group, sodium hyaluronate (SH) group, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) group and UCB-MNC group. Knee injections were performed once a week for five consecutive weeks. The gross view of the knee joint, morphology of knee cartilage and structural changes in the knee joint were observed on CT scans, and graded by the Lequesne MG behavioral score and the Mankin score. TNF-α and IL-1β levels in the synovial fluid of the knee were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Expression levels of MMP-13 and COL-II in the knee cartilage were detected by Western blotting and qRT-PCR. Results The Lequesne MG behavioral score and the Mankin score were significantly higher in the model group than those in the control group (P

Abstract Background Limited evidence exists regarding the association between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and elevated levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in newborns. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential risk of elevated TSH levels in infants exposed to maternal GDM, considering the type and number of abnormal values obtained from the 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Methods A population-based, prospective birth cohort study was conducted in Wuhan, China. The study included women who underwent GDM screening using a 75-g OGTT. Neonatal TSH levels were measured via a time-resolved immunofluorescence assay. We estimated and stratified the overall risk (adjusted Risk Ratio [RR]) of elevated TSH levels (defined as TSH > 10 mIU/L or > 20 mIU/L) in offspring based on the type and number of abnormal OGTT values. Results Out of 15,236 eligible mother-offspring pairs, 11.5% (1,753) of mothers were diagnosed with GDM. Offspring born to women diagnosed with GDM demonstrated a statistically significant elevation in TSH levels when compared to offspring of non-GDM mothers, with a mean difference of 0.20 [95% CI: 0.04–0.36]. The incidence of elevated TSH levels (TSH > 10 mIU/L) in offspring of non-GDM women was 6.3 per 1,000 live births. Newborns exposed to mothers with three abnormal OGTT values displayed an almost five-fold increased risk of elevated TSH levels (adjusted RR 4.77 [95% CI 1.64–13.96]). Maternal fasting blood glucose was independently and positively correlated with neonatal TSH levels and elevated TSH status (TSH > 20 mIU/L). Conclusions For newborns of women with GDM, personalized risk assessment for elevated TSH levels can be predicated on the type and number of abnormal OGTT values. Furthermore, fasting blood glucose emerges as a critical predictive marker for elevated neonatal TSH status.

We holographically calculate the partition functions of certain types of isotropic sectors of the CFTs dual to Bruhat-Tits trees and p-adic Bañados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black holes. Along the way, we propose new spectral decompositions of the Laplacian operator other than the plane-wave basis on these two types of background, with both analytical and numerical evidence. We extract the density of states and hence entropy from the BTZ partition function via the inverse Laplace transform. Then the one-loop Witten diagram is computed in the p-adic BTZ black hole background, yielding constraints on the heavy-heavy-light averaged three-point coefficient of its boundary p-adic CFT. Finally, for general p-adic CFTs (not necessarily holographic), we analyze the representation theory of their global conformal group PGL(2,Qp), and discuss the suitability of different representations as Hilbert spaces of p-adic CFT.

Copper (Cu) is a common heavy metal and a hazardous environmental pollutant. Emerging epidemiological evidence suggests that Cu exposure is associated with female infertility, especially ovarian dysfunction. However, the mechanisms underlying ovarian toxicity remain poorly understood. Granulosa cells play crucial roles in follicle development and are the main target cells of environmental pollutants for ovarian toxicity. In this study, we investigated the effects of Cu exposure on human granulosa (KGN) cells by using cell biology and metabolomics methods, and explored the molecular mechanisms of Cu-induced cytotoxicity. We found that Cu reduced cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Then, metabolomic analyses led to the identification of 279, 368 and 466 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) in KGN cells exposed to 10, 60 and 240 μM Cu, respectively. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that high Cu led to disturbances of glutathione metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, glycerophospholipid and ether lipid metabolism. Using cell biological assays, we found that exposure to high Cu significantly decreased the GSH/GSSG ratio and altered the activities of the antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT. Exposure to high Cu significantly increased the level of mitochondrial ROS. These findings further supported the results revealed by metabolomic analysis and provided clues for elucidating the mechanism by which Cu interferes with the development of ovarian follicles.

It is known that asymmetrical maternal transcripts play an important role in the cell fate of the early embryo, but few studies are available in mammal oocytes especially in pig. To investigate the spatial factors in pig oocytes, the oriented bisection was established for collecting karyoplasts (NSOs) and cytoplasts (SSOs) with more than 95% efficiency. Subsequently, RNA-Seq and LC-MS/MS analysis were performed on NSOs and SSOs. Although no differentially expressed genes (DEGs) could be detected between NSOs and SSOs, 89 of the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were detected, that 58 proteins higher expressed but 31 proteins lower expressed in NSOs compared with SSOs. These DEPs mainly participated in the ‘cell cycle’ and ‘ribosome’ pathway, while the up-regulated DEPs were mainly GO in ‘spindle’ and ‘positive regulation of translation’, and the down-regulated DEPs were in ‘cytosolic small ribosomal subunit’ and ‘mRNA binding’. The up-regulated DEP SIRT5 which are related to the regulation of gene expression, epigenetic were further detected and revealed. A spatial asymmetry of maternal factors at the protein level was firstly detected in pig mature oocytes.

Bacterial infections pose a significant clinical burden on global health. The growing incidence of drug-resistant pathogens highlights the critical necessity to identify and isolate bioactive compounds from marine resources. Marine-derived fungi could provide novel lead compounds against pathogenic bacteria. Due to the particularity of the marine environment, Aspergillus species derived from marine sources have proven to be potent producers of bioactive secondary metabolites and have played a considerable role in advancing drug development. This study reviews the structural diversity and activities against pathogenic bacteria of secondary metabolites isolated from marine-derived Aspergillus species over the past 14 years (January 2010–June 2024), and 337 natural products (including 145 new compounds) were described. The structures were divided into five major categories—terpenoids, nitrogen-containing compounds, polyketides, steroids, and other classes. These antimicrobial metabolites will offer lead compounds to the development and innovation of antimicrobial agents.

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as the malignant cancers with high morbidity. The EMT of HCC has closely linked to the metastasis and recurrence. Moreover, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) can interact with HCC cells in the immune microenvironment; the M2 polarization of TAMs enhance the HCC cells EMT. The mechanism between HCC cells and TAMs is still unclear and our study was aimed to uncover it. Methods: We performed RT-qPCR and western to detach the RNA and protein expression. The relationship among has_circ_0000092, U2AF2, SMC1A and IL24 were revealed through mechanism experiments. Rescue assays were implemented to determine how circ_0000092 modulates M2 polarization of TAMs. Results: As detected by RT-qPCR, has_circ_0000092 was with high expression in HCC cells and could recruit U2AF2 to promote transcription of SMC1A. Moreover, circ_0000092 could control macrophage M2 polarization via promoting IL24 expression in HCC cells. Conclusion: To conclude, hsa_circ_0000092 can up-regulates IL24 by SMC1A to induce macrophages M2 polarization.

Background: Ferroptosis is a new type of programmed cell death. Although ferroptosis has been studied in various aspects, there has been no visual analysis of ferroptosis in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to date. It is still a global health concern of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide, three years after its outbreak. Yet the emergence of the mutant strain Omicron has caused a fourth wave of infections in many countries. The pathogenesis of COVID-19 is still undergoing extensive exploration, which holds paramount importance in mitigating future epidemics. Methods: For this study, CiteSpace 6.2 R4 software was used for bibliometric and visual atlas analysis of ferroptosis-related research, and the Genecards database was used to mine ferroptosis and COVID-19-related genes. Results: We found increasing studies about ferroptosis. China and the United States have demonstrated robust scientific innovation over recent years, with extensive collaboration between their institutions and authors. Ferroptosis and COVID-19 were seen to have 13 shared genes, which may be new targets for the treatment of COVID-19 in the future. Most of the shared genes are enriched in tumor necrosis factor (TNF) pathways. The majority of those genes are up-regulated under the cellular response to oxidative stress. Genes including Tumour necrosis factor (TNF), RELA proto-oncogene (RELA), Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), Cytochrome b-245 beta chain (CYBB), Jun proto-oncogene (JUN), Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) and Heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), maybe a breakthrough for ferroptosis and COVID‐19. Whilst previous research has shown there to be a relationship between ferroptosis and COVID‐19, the specific role of ferroptosis remained unclear. Our study aimed to analyze the research status of ferroptosis and its relationship with COVID-19, to provide a useful reference for further prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Overall, uncovering the role of ferroptosis in SARS-CoV-2 infection is important for the development of new treatment strategies for COVID-19.

IntroductionBreast cancer is a heterogeneous disease comprising various molecular subtypes, including Luminal A, Luminal B, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) positive, and triple negative types, each with distinct biological characteristics and behaviors. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a particularly challenging subtype worldwide. Our study aims to evaluate whether Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) parameters, clinical pathological features, and biochemical indicators serve as prognostic risk factors for TNBC. Additionally, we explore correlations between biochemical indicators and 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of 95 TNBC patients who underwent preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT examinations at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from 2013 to 2018. Collected data included 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters, clinical and pathological features, and biochemical indicators. We used Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis to evaluate associations between 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters/biochemical indicators and disease free survival (DFS)/overall survival (OS). The log-rank test determined significant differences in survival curves, and the Spearman correlation coefficient analyzed correlations between quantitative variables. Visualization and analysis were performed using R packages.ResultsAmong 95 TNBC patients, mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean) was significantly correlated with DFS. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), α- L-fucosylase (AFU) and Creatine kinase (CK) were independent predictors of DFS, while Precursor albumin (PALB) and CK were independent predictors of OS. FBG showed correlations with SUVpeak and SUVmean, and CK was correlated with peak standardized uptake value (SUVpeak). Our results indicated that 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters and biochemical indicators may constitute a new prognostic model for TNBC patients post-surgery.DiscussionWe found that SUVmean, FBG, AFU and CK are predictive factors for DFS in TNBC patients post-surgery, while PALB and CK are predictive factors for OS, which prompts us to pay more attention to these indicators in clinical practice. Also 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters and biochemical indicators have potential utility in constituting a new prognostic model for TNBC patients post-surgery.

Owing to its capacity to damage the endocrine system, bisphenol A (BPA) is being substituted in common consumer products by chemically related compounds, including bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS). Although BPF and BPS in body fluids are comparable in concentration and frequency to BPA, the toxicity of these analogs in female reproduction remains largely unknown. Using a nontargeted metabolomics technique, this study aimed to examine the effect of BPF and BPS exposure on the metabolism of human ovarian granulosa (KGN) cells. Analysis of the differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) identified 991 and 609 DEMs in the KGN cells exposed to BPF and BPS, respectively, at three various concentrations (0.1, 1, and 10 µM), with BPF having a greater interfering effect than BPS. Specifically, exposure to low concentrations (0.1 µM) of both bisphenols more greatly affected cellular metabolism than exposure to higher concentrations. Metabolic pathway enrichment analysis using the KEGG database revealed that the mechanisms by which BPF and BPS induced toxicity in the granulosa cells were different: BPF exposure significantly altered purine metabolism, autophagy-related pathways, and ferroptosis, whereas BPS mainly interfered with one-carbon metabolism (vitamin B6, riboflavin, and folate). These results demonstrated the differences in the mechanisms by which BPF and BPS induced to granulosa cell dysfunction.

The trade-off and synergy relationship of ecosystem services is an important topic in the current assessment. The value of each service provided by the ecosystem is substantially affected by human activities, and conversely, its changes will also affect the relevant human decisions. Due to varying trade-offs among ecosystem services and synergies between them that can either increase or decrease, it is difficult to optimize multiple ecosystem services simultaneously, making it a huge challenge for ecosystem management. This study firstly develops a global Gross Ecosystem Product (GEP) accounting framework. It uses remote sensing data with a spatial resolution of 1 km to estimate the ecosystem services of forests, wetlands, grasslands, deserts, and farmlands in 179 major countries in 2018. The results show that the range of global GEP values is USD 112–197 trillion, with an average value of USD 155 trillion (the constant price), and the ratio of GEP to gross domestic product (GDP) is 1.85. The trade-offs and the synergies among different ecosystem services in each continent and income group have been further explored. We found a correspondence between the income levels and the synergy among ecosystem services within each nation. Among specific ecosystem services, there are strong synergies between oxygen release, climate regulation, and carbon sequestration services. A trade-off relationship has been observed between flood regulation and other services, such as water conservation and soil retention services in low-income countries. The results will help clarify the roles and the feedback mechanisms between different stakeholders and provide a scientific basis for optimizing ecosystem management and implementing ecological compensation schemes to enhance human well-being.

ObjectiveThis retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the clinical features, treatment outcomes, and short-term prognosis in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) with concurrent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia.MethodsKTRs with COVID-19 pneumonia who were admitted to our hospital from December 28, 2022, to March 28, 2023 were included in the study. Their clinical symptoms, responses to antiviral medications, and short-term prognosis were analyzed.ResultsA total of 64 KTRs with initial diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia were included in this study. The primary symptoms were fever, cough, and myalgia, with an incidence of 79.7%, 89.1%, and 46.9%, respectively. The administration of antiviral drugs (paxlovid or molnupiravir) within 1–5 days and for over 5 days demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in viral shedding time compared to the group without antiviral medication (P=0.002). Both the paxlovid and molnupiravir treatment groups exhibited a significantly shorter duration of viral shedding time in comparison to the group without antiviral drugs (P=0.002). After 6 months of recovery, there was no significantly negative impact on transplant kidney function (P=0.294).ConclusionFever, cough, and myalgia remain common initial symptoms of concurrent COVID-19 pneumonia in KTRs. Early use of antiviral drugs (paxlovid or molnupiravir) is associated with better therapeutic outcomes. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) had a limited impact on the short-term renal function of the KTRs with concurrent moderate or severe COVID-19 pneumonia.

Summary: High serum urate levels are the major risk factor for gout. URAT1, the primary transporter for urate absorption in the kidneys, is well known as an anti-hyperuricemia drug target. However, the clinical application of URAT1-targeted drugs is limited because of their low specificity and severe side effects. The lack of structural information impedes elucidation of the transport mechanism and the development of new drugs. Here, we present the cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of human URAT1(R477S), its complex with urate, and its closely related homolog OAT4. URAT1(R477S) and OAT4 exhibit major facilitator superfamily (MFS) folds with outward- and inward-open conformations, respectively. Structural comparison reveals a 30° rotation between the N-terminal and C-terminal domains, supporting an alternating access mechanism. A conserved arginine (OAT4-Arg473/URAT1-Arg477) is found to be essential for chloride-mediated inhibition. The URAT1(R477S)-urate complex reveals the specificity of urate recognition. Taken together, our study promotes our understanding of the transport mechanism and substrate selection of URAT1.

BackgroundMultimorbidity has become a major public health problem among Chinese middle-aged and older adults, and the most costly to the health care system. However, most previous population-based studies of multimorbidity have focused on a limited number of chronic diseases, and diagnosis was based on participants’ self-report, which may oversimplify the problem. At the same time, there were few reports on the relationship between multimorbidity patterns and health care costs. This study analyzed the multimorbidity patterns and changes among middle-aged and older people in China over the past decade, and their association with medical costs, based on representative hospital electronic medical record data.MethodsTwo cross-sectional surveys based on representative hospital data were used to obtain adults aged 45 years and older in Xiangyang in 2013 (n = 20,218) and 2023 (n = 63,517). Latent Class Analysis was used to analyze changes in the patterns of multimorbidity, gray correlation analysis and ordered logistics model were used to assess the association of multimorbidity patterns with medical expenses. The diagnosis and classification of chronic diseases were based on the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes (ICD-10).ResultsThe detection rate of chronic disease multimorbidity has increased (70.74 vs. 76.63%, p

Specific to the topic of oxidation-reduction (redox), teachers are obligated by the discipline to prioritise symbolic traditions such as writing equations, documenting oxidation states, and describing changes (e.g., what undergoes oxidation/reduction). Although the chemistry education research community endorses connecting the vertices of Johnstone's triangle, how symbolic traditions undermine chemistry concept development, especially during lesson planning and teaching, is underexplored. To clarify this gap, we use the Mangle of Practice framework to unpack the clash between symbolic vs. particulate-focused instruction. We investigate teachers' (n = 3) co-planning and micro-teaching of a redox learning design at the VisChem Institute-2 using a narrative approach and video research methods. Our results show that the traditions of redox instruction are problematically entrenched in chemistry symbols. Mnemonics, the single replacement reaction scheme, and the written net ionic equation all constrain instruction focused on chemical mechanism and causality in various ways. We assert that the nature of redox knowledge in terms of what is worth teaching and learning must first be re-evaluated for reform-based efforts to succeed. Implications and suggestions for chemistry teaching and research at both secondary and tertiary levels are discussed.

ObjectiveTo investigate the willingness and influencing factors of herpes zoster (HZ) vaccination among residents aged ≥40 years in Tengzhou city, Shandong province. MethodsA self-administered survey was conducted among 1 890 urban and rural residents aged 40 years and older in 21 towns/communities in Tengzhou city from May to July 2023, using multistage random sampling and a self-designed questionnaire. The study utilized a binary unconditional logistic regression model to examine the factors that affect the willingness to receive HZ vaccine. ResultsOf the 1 865 participants with valid questionnaire responses, 44.02% reported willingness to receive HZ vaccination and only 1.23% had received HZ vaccination. The results of multivariate logistic analysis showed that the participants with following characteristics were more likely to receive HZ vaccination: being female (odds ratio [OR] = 1.533, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.135 – 2.072), living in urban areas (OR = 1.899, 95%CI: 1.255 – 2.875), working in the medical field (OR = 1.828, 95%CI: 1.043 – 3.205), having a pension as their main income (OR = 2.252, 95%CI: 1.155 – 4.388) or being mainly supported by their children (OR = 2.181, 95%CI: 1.374 – 3.461), personal or peer history of HZ disease (OR = 47.768, 95%CI: 31.894 – 71.543) or uncertainty about personal history of HZ disease (OR = 1.646, 95%CI: 1.043 – 2.597), perceived severity of HZ disease (OR = 2.842, 95%CI: 1.974 – 4.092), knowledge of HZ vaccine (OR = 2.827, 95%CI: 2.048 – 3.903), having received COVID – 19 vaccine or other vaccines (OR = 3.335, 95%CI: 1.582 – 7.031), and tolerance to vaccine reactions (OR = 2.283, 95%CI: 1.583 – 3.292); whereas the participants who were self-employed were less likely to receive HZ vaccination (OR = 0.468, 95%CI: 0.260 – 0.840). ConclusionAmong the residents aged ≥ 40 years in Tengzhou city the willingness to receive HZ vaccination is relatively high, but the HZ vaccination rate is low; and the willingness is influenced by gender, place of residence, occupation, main source of income, personal or peer history of HZ disease, perceived severity of HZ disease, knowledge of HZ vaccine, vaccination history of COVID-19 vaccine and other vaccines, and tolerance to vaccine reactions.

Abstract Background Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) is a rare malignant disorder, and ultrasound plays an important role in PTL diagnosis and follow-up surveillance. Prediction of refractory/relapse events in PTL patients is an essential issue, yet no ultrasonic PTL features have been discovered to be related to refractory/local relapse events. Methods From January 2008 to September 2022, newly diagnosed PTL patients in our center who underwent standard first-line treatment and received an ultrasound examination before treatment were enrolled. Data regarding patients’ clinical and sonographic features, as well as their therapeutic responses were collected. Subjects with an ideal prognosis were compared to those with refractory/relapse events. Results In total, 37 PTL patients were analyzed, including 26 with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, 2 with follicular lymphoma and 9 with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. During the median follow-up of 25 months, 30 patients obtained a complete response, 4 were refractory patients, and 3 experienced local relapse. No significant difference was detected in the baseline clinical characteristics between patients with an ideal prognosis and those with refractory/local relapse events. In terms of sonographic features, however, an event-free survival (EFS) curve comparison revealed that patients with bilobar enlargement (defined as an anterior-posterior diameter > 2.5 cm on both sides of thyroid lobes) had a poorer EFS than those without (P 2.5 cm for both thyroid lobes or PTL patients of the diffuse ultrasound type could be prone to refractory/local relapse events.

Abstract Background Quantitative computed tomography (QCT)-based lumbar bone mineral density (LBMD) has been used to diagnose osteoporosis. This study explored the value of lower thoracic BMD (TBMD) in diagnosing osteoporosis in older adults during CT lung cancer screening. Methods This study included 751 subjects who underwent QCT scans with both LBMD and TBMD. 141 of them was selected for a validation. Osteoporosis was diagnosed based on LBMD using the ACR criteria (gold standard). TBMD thresholds were obtained using receiver operating characteristic curve. TBMD was also translated into LBMD (TTBMD) and osteoporosis was defined based on TTBMD using ACR criteria. The performance of TBMD and TTBMD in identifying osteoporosis was determined by Kappa test. The associations between TBMD- and TTBMD-based osteoporosis and fracture were tested in 227 subjects with followed up status of spine fracture. Results The performance of TBMD in identifying osteoporosis was low (kappa = 0.66) if using the ACR criteria. Two thresholds of TBMD for identifying osteopenia (128 mg/cm3) and osteoporosis (91 mg/cm3) were obtained with areas under the curve of 0.97 and 0.99, respectively. The performance of the identification of osteoporosis/osteopenia using the two thresholds or TTBMD both had good agreement with the gold standard (kappa = 0.78, 0.86). Similar results were observed in validation population. Osteoporosis identified using the thresholds (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 18.72, 95% confidence interval (CI): 5.13–68.36) or TTBMD (adjusted HR = 10.28, 95% CI: 4.22–25.08) were also associated with fractures. Conclusion Calculating the threshold of TBMD or normalizing TBMD to LBMD are both useful in identifying osteoporosis in older adults during CT lung cancer screening.

Abstract Background The coexistence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) represents an uncommon serological pattern observed in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and its underlying mechanism and clinical significance have not been well established. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between this serological profile and clinical treatment outcomes in children with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Methods This retrospective cohort study included 372 treatment-naïve CHB children from the Hunan Children’s Hospital. The participants were categorized into HBsAb-positive group and HBsAb-negative group. The associations between HBsAb positive status to clinical outcomes were assessed using Cox proportional hazard regression. Receiver operating characteristic curve was conducted to evaluate the prediction ability in HBsAg loss. Results The coexistence of HBsAg and HBsAb accounted for 23.39% (87/372) of the participants. The crude incidence rates of HBsAg loss, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) clearance, and HBV-DNA undetectability were higher in the HBsAb-positive group compared with the HBsAb-negative group (37.46 vs. 17.37, 49.51 vs. 28.66, 92.11 vs. 66.54 per 100 person-years, respectively, all P

Abstract Background In the management of urothelial carcinoma, patient selection for immunotherapy, particularly with immune checkpoint inhibitors such as PD-1 (programmed cell death protein 1), is important for treatment efficacy. Inflammatory markers are useful for predicting treatment outcomes and immune-related adverse events (irAEs). This study aims to retrospectively explore the associations between inflammatory markers and outcomes in patients with postoperative urothelial carcinoma undergoing tislelizumab (PD-1 inhibitor) adjuvant therapy. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 133 patients with postoperative urothelial carcinoma who received tislelizumab adjuvant therapy at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from April 2020 to August 2023. The prognostic effects of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed using Cox regression models. The correlation between inflammatory markers and the onset of irAEs was analyzed using logistic regression models. Results NLR 5 and MLR >0.31, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that an NLR 135. Patients who experienced irAEs had longer DFS and OS. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that irAEs were an independent prognostic risk factor for DFS and OS. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of irAEs among different NLR, PLR, and MLR groups. Conclusion In patients with postoperative urothelial carcinoma receiving tislelizumab adjuvant therapy, the assessment of NLR and MLR before treatment may serve as valuable predictive markers of clinical outcome.

Abstract Background A combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and chemotherapy has demonstrated excellent clinical efficacy and safety in treating a variety of cancers, including urothelial carcinoma (UC). However, its efficacy and safety in patients with muscle-invasive upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) who are undergoing radical surgery remain uncertain. The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine the effectiveness and safety of tislelizumab combined with gemcitabine plus cisplatin (TGC) as a first-line postoperative adjuvant treatment in this population. Methods This single-center, real-world study retrospectively analyzed the data from 71 patients with muscle-invasive UTUC who had radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University between November 1, 2020, and November 1, 2023. Among the 71 patients, 30 received adjuvant therapy of TGC within 90 days after RNU and 41 underwent surveillance. No patients receive preoperative neoadjuvant therapy. The TGC therapy group received adjuvant therapy every 3 weeks postoperatively until the first recurrence, first metastasis, or death due to any reason, whichever occurred first. The patients were followed up telephonically and through outpatient visits to record and evaluate their disease-free survival (DFS) and treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). Results This study assessed the DFS of 41 and 30 patients in the surveillance group and TGC therapy group, respectively. The median DFS of the surveillance group was 16.5 [95% confidence interval (CI), 14.7–18.3] months, while the median DFS of the TGC group has not yet reached [hazard ratio (HR) 0.367 (95% CI, 0.169–0.796); p = 0.008], with 21 patients still undergoing follow-up. Compared with the surveillance group, the TGC therapy group had dramatically improved DFS after RNU and reduced risk by 63.3%. Of the 30 patients receiving combination therapy, 28 experienced TRAEs; all TRAEs were consistent with the frequently reported events in the chemotherapy-alone regimens, and there were no treatment-related deaths. Conclusion This study demonstrates that TGC therapy exhibits excellent clinical efficacy in patients undergoing radical surgery, significantly improving DFS and displaying great safety.

Abstract Background The prevalence of depression is increasing in the elderly population, and growing evidence suggests that malnutrition impacts mental health. Despites, research on the factors that predict depression is limited. Methods We included 2946 elderly individuals from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning the years 2011 through 2014. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the PHQ-9 scale. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to evaluate the independent association between Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and depression prevalence and scores. Subgroup analysis was conducted to explore potential factors influencing the negative correlation between GNRI and depression. Restricted cubic spline graph was employed to examine the presence of a non-linear relationship between GNRI and depression. Results The depression group had a significantly lower GNRI than the non-depression group, and multivariate logistic regression showed that GNRI was a significant predictor of depression (P

Polyester fabric/polyvinyl chloride (PET/PVC) flexible composites were widely used in outdoor products such as sports and leisure, advertising and printing due to its light weight, high strength and good processability. However, under extreme weather conditions such as high temperature and high humidity for a long time, it was very easy to decrease the mechanical properties due to water absorption. Therefore, PET fabric was modified by fluorine-containing block copolymer, and then the wicking resistant PET fabric reinforced PVC resin matrix flexible composites (F-PET/PVC) were obtained by roll coating, then, the mechanism of hygrothermal aging was further explored. The results show that the water contact angle of PET fabric increases from 0° to 114.5°, the wicking height of F-PET/PVC decreases by about 94.29%, and the peeling performance decreases by about 15.87%, when the concentration of anti-wicking agent reaches 20 g/L. In addition, the hygrothermal aging test shows that the hygrothermal aging resistance of F-PET/PVC is better than that of PET/PVC, and the interfacial peeling strength and tensile strength loss rate is decreased from 7.41% and 3.61% to 3.08% and 0.48%, respectively. It is expected to provide a reference for the durability design of environmental fabric-reinforced resin matrix composites.