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Digital promotion channels have become modern priority channels for promoting educational services. Integration into the international educational space, a change in the priority of communication channels, digital transformation lead to the need to rethink the digital promotion of educational services of Kazakhstani universities. Particular interest in the promotion of educational services is due to the fact that now representatives of generation Z are becoming consumers of educational services. The basis of the study was digital promotion channels as the main source of information and value, the needs of generation Z, who become consumers of university services, including Kazakhstani ones. The purpose of the study is to identify growth points, build a model for promoting educational services of Kazakhstani universities based on a comparative analysis of the websites of the leading national universities of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as the leading world leader - the US University. Similarweb.com, pagespeed.web.dev, wordstat.yandex.ru, sitechecker.pro resources were used as tools for analysis. A correlation analysis of requests to university websites and the main values of generation Z was carried out. The tightness of the pairwise correlation between the total number of visits and site performance, search engine optimization, recommendations, accessibility was determined. On the basis of the study, a model for promoting the educational services of the university was structured, highlighting the key components - educational programs, digital technologies, generation Z values.

The industrial development of mankind is based on the intensive use of natural resources of the planet. The development of the mining industry is a necessary and important factor for the successful development of the national economy. At the same time, mining has a significant impact on environmental degradation. Methods for assessing and minimizing the environmental impact of mining have only been developed in practice in the last 50 years and differ significantly from country to country. The article analyses the approaches and methodologies for environmental impact assessment (EIA) based on international and national standards. The methods used in Kazakhstan and the countries of the European-Asian Economic Union (EurAsEU) are critically evaluated. The developed mathematical models are implemented in the form of digital solutions and implemented in the module of the cloud system ‘3D Quarry’. The methodology proposed by the authors for use and the developed software product allow optimizing mining operations at quarries according to the parameters of minimizing their negative impact on the environment. At the same time, it is mandatory to comply with mandatory national and international regulations. The proposed 3D Quarry system and the EIA module are an alternative to commercial software products (and their pirated copies, often used by companies in the countries under study) and are aimed at small mining companies in post-Soviet countries. It is expected that the application of the proposed software product will allow, within the technological capabilities, to minimize the impact of quarries on the environment of Kazakhstan.

The recent advances in hardware technologies - i.e. highly scalable multi-core NUMA architectures and non-volatile random-access memory (NVRAM) - lead to significant changes in the architecture of in-memory database systems. The novel memory type allows persistent writes while featuring DRAM-like characteristics - byte addressability, high bandwidth, and low access latencies. It is likely to complement or replace the block-based secondary storage (e.g., HDDs or SSDs) for storing the primary data of the DBMS. Therefore, the next generation of highly-performant scalable database systems will rely on single-level hybrid memory (e.g., compound exclusively of DRAM and NVRAM) NUMA architectures and is expected to keep the primary data solely persistent in NVRAM, while query processing could be executed on both mediums. Unfortunately, NVRAM faces certain drawbacks such as a lower write endurance, lower bandwidth, higher latencies, and - most importantly - an increased error-proneness compared to DRAM. Thus, efficient minimal-overhead data protection mechanisms have to be deployed in the underlined architectures to avoid primary data losses. This thesis provides an analytical overview of such envisioned hybrid memory database systems, gives a survey of reliability techniques that are generally deployed in computing systems, identifies their strengths and weaknesses when used in hybrid memory databases. As a result, this work proposes effective adoption and optimization primitives for the software-managed data replication as the most applicable resilience approach. In particular, research focus is given to runtime and space (and, therefore, NVRAM wear-out) reduction of the replication overheads, while preserving strong resilience guaranties and instant recovery opportunities. Subsequently, this thesis proposes a rich set of techniques that leverage data replication for query processing needs to achieve high performance, allocation flexibility and effective hardware utilization in modern commodity scale-up systems.

We express our profound gratitude to A.B. Naizabekov for his assistance in scientific research, to A.F. Tsekhovoy, P.A. Tsekhovoy, D.Sh. Akhmedov, V. V. Yankovenko and D.V. Nikitas for scientific advice in implementation of the program code. The research was carried out within the framework of the initiative research theme “Improving the Efficiency of Mining Enterprises” on the basis of the RSE at the Rudny Industrial Institute of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Natural background radiation is a permanent multicomponent factor. It has an influence on biological organisms, but effects of its deprivation still remain unclear. The aim of our work was to study for the first time responses of D. melanogaster to conditions of the Deep Underground Low-Background Laboratory DULB-4900 (BNO, INR, RAS, Russia) at the transcriptome level by RNA-seq profiling. Overall 77 transcripts demonstrated differential abundance between flies exposed to low and natural background radiation. Enriched biological process functional categories were established for all genes with differential expression. The results showed down-regulation of primary metabolic processes and up-regulation of both the immune system process and the response to stimuli. The comparative analysis of our data and publicly available transcriptome data on D. melanogaster exposed to low and high doses of ionizing radiation did not reveal common DEGs in them. We hypothesize that the observed changes in gene expression can be explained by the influence of the underground conditions in DULB-4900, in particular, by the lack of stimuli. Thus, our study challenges the validity of the LNT model for the region of background radiation doses below a certain level (~16.4 nGy h-1) and the presence of a dose threshold for D. melanogaster.

This research article presents a software module for the environmental impact assessment (EIA) of open pit mines. The EIA software module has been developed based on the comprehensive examination of both country-specific (namely, Kazakhstan) and current international regulatory frameworks, legislation and EIA methodologies. EIA frameworks and methods have been critically evaluated, and mathematical models have been developed and implemented in the GIS software module ‘3D Quarry’. The proposed methodology and software module allows for optimised EIA calculations of open pit mines, aiming to minimise the negative impacts on the environment. The study presents an original methodology laid out as a basis for a software module for environmental impact assessment on atmosphere, water basins, soil and subsoil, tailored to the context of mining operations in Kazakhstan. The proposed software module offers an alternative to commercial off-the-shelf software packages currently used in the mining industry and is suitable for small mining operators in post-Soviet countries. It is anticipated that applications of the proposed software module will enable the transition to sustainable development in the Kazakh mining industry. Refereed/Peer-reviewed

Hybrid memory systems consisting of DRAM and NVRAM offer a great opportunity for column-oriented data systems to persistently store and to efficiently process columnar data completely in main memory. While vectorization (SIMD) of query operators is state-of-the-art to increase the single-thread performance, it has to be combined with thread-level parallelism (MIMD) to satisfy growing needs for higher performance and scalability. However, it is not well investigated how such a SIMD-MIMD interplay could be leveraged efficiently in hybrid memory systems. On the one hand, we deliver an extensive experimental evaluation of typical workloads on columnar data in this paper. We reveal that the choice of the most performant SIMD version differs greatly for both memory types. Moreover, we show that the throughput of concurrent queries can be boosted (up to 2x) when combining various SIMD flavors in a multi-threaded execution. On the other hand, to enable that optimization, we propose an adaptive SIMD-MIMD cocktail approach incurring only a negligible runtime overhead.

Lightweight integer compression algorithms play an important role in in-memory database systems to tackle the growing gap between processor speed and main memory bandwidth. Thus, there is a large number of algorithms to choose from, while different algorithms are tailored to different data characteristics. As we show in this paper, with the availability of byte-addressable non-volatile random-access memory (NVRAM), a novel type of main memory with specific characteristics increases the overall complexity in this domain. In particular, we provide a detailed evaluation of state-of-the-art lightweight integer compression schemes and database operations on NVRAM and compare it with DRAM. Furthermore, we reason about possible deployments of middle- and heavyweight approaches for better adaptation to NVRAM characteristics. Finally, we investigate a combined approach where both volatile and non-volatile memories are used in a cooperative fashion that is likely to be the case for hybrid and NVRAM-centric database systems.

Endogenous autofluorescence of biological tissues is an important source of information for biomedical diagnostics. Despite the molecular complexity of biological tissues, the list of commonly known fluorophores is strictly limited. Still, the question of molecular sources of the red and near-infrared excited autofluorescence remains open. In this work we demonstrated that the oxidation products of organic components (lipids, proteins, amino acids, etc.) can serve as the molecular source of such red and near-infrared excited autofluorescence. Using model solutions and cell systems (human keratinocytes) under oxidative stress induced by UV irradiation we demonstrated that oxidation products can contribute significantly to the autofluorescence signal of biological systems in the entire visible range of the spectrum, even at the emission and excitation wavelengths higher than 650 nm. The obtained results suggest the principal possibility to explain the red fluorescence excitation in a large class of biosystems&mdash, aggregates of proteins and peptides, cells and tissues&mdash, by the impact of oxidation products, since oxidation products are inevitably presented in the tissue. The observed fluorescence signal with broad excitation originated from oxidation products may also lead to the alteration of metabolic imaging results and has to be taken into account.

International audience; To improve the quality of optical resonator's fabrication, an important step consists in performing an annealing process up to 600°C. It improves the roughness of resonator's surface down to the nanometer scale. Concretely it helps in reducing stresses at the periphery of their surface thus allowing higher Q-factors. Mechanical treatments enable state-of-the art characteristics for the surface roughness. The design of an oven strongly depends on its ability to reach the desired annealing process. It is significantly improved thanks to nichrome resistant alloy wires and special chopped basalt fibers for thermal isolation. In addition to the experimental tests, and in order to get better understanding of the residual stresses inside the resonator, we have simulated the heating process in the oven using the finite element code ANSYS© and CFD fluid module. Thermal distribution at different times of the heating and for three different temperatures with the range of 600°C are described.

Non-volatile random-access memory (NVRAM) is about to hit the market and will require significant changes to the architecture of in-memory database systems. Since such hybrid DRAM-NVRAM database systems will keep the primary data solely persistent in the NVRAM, efficient replication mechanisms need to be considered to prevent data losses and to guarantee high availability in case of NVDIMM failures. In this paper, we argue for a software-based replication approach and present compute node-local mechanisms to provide the building blocks for an efficient NVRAM replication with a low latency and throughput penalty. Within our evaluation, we measured up to 10x less overhead for our optimized replication mechanisms compared to the basic replication mechanism of the Intel persistent memory development kit (PMDK).

3 p.; International audience; The configuration of the phase noise measurement system operating in the X-band (8.2-12.4 GHz) using a photonic delay line as a frequency discriminator is presented in this paper. This system does not need any excellent frequency reference and works for any frequency in this band. Oscillator frequency fluctuation is converted into phase frequency fluctuation through the delay line. The measured phase noise includes the device under test noise and the instrument background. Then the use of a cross correlation decreases the cross spectrum terms of uncommon phase noise as √(1/m), where m is the average number. Using cross correlation on 500 averages, the noise floor of the instrument £(f) becomes, respectively, −150 and −170 dBc Hz−1 at 10^1 and 10^4 Hz from the 10 GHz carrier (−90 and −170 dBc Hz−1 including 2 km delay lines). We then focus on determining the uncertainty. There are two categories of uncertainty terms: 'type A', statistic contributions such as repeatability and experimental standard deviation; 'type B' due to various components and temperature control. The elementary term of uncertainty for repeatability is found to be equal to 0.68 dB. Other elementary terms still have lower contributions. This leads to a global uncertainty of 1.58 dB at 2σ.

International audience; The performance advances in communication systems like Radar system, precision navigation, space application and time and frequency metrology require more stable frequency and low phase noise system. Here is presented a configuration of phase noise measurement system operating in X-band using a photonic delay line as a frequency discriminator. This system doesn't need any excellent frequency reference and works for any frequency between 8.2 and 12.4 GHz. Using cross correlation on 500 averages, noise floor of the instrument is respectively -150 and -170 dBc/Hz at 10(1) and 10(4) Hz from the 10 GHz carrier (-90 and -170 dBc/Hz including 2 km delay lines). This instrument is developed in the context of association with the national french metrology institute (laboratoire national de metrologie et d'essais, LNE). This calibration system is to be integrated in measurements means of the accredited laboratory to improve the Calibration Metrology Capabilities (CMC) of the LNE.