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1. Individual neutron monitoring in workplaces with mixed neutron/photon radiation

Author

Bolognese-Milsztajn, T., Bartlett, D., Boschung, M., Coeck, M., Curzio, G., d'Errico, F., Fiechtner, A., Giusti, V., Gressier, V., Kyllönen, J., Lacoste, V., Lindborg, L., Luszik-Bhadra, M., Molinos, C., Pelcot, G., Reginatto, M., Schuhmacher, H., Tanner, R., Vanhavere, F., Derdau, D., Bolognese-Milsztajn, T., Bartlett, D., Boschung, M., Coeck, M., Curzio, G., d'Errico, F., Fiechtner, A., Giusti, V., Gressier, V., Kyllönen, J., Lacoste, V., Lindborg, L., Luszik-Bhadra, M., Molinos, C., Pelcot, G., Reginatto, M., Schuhmacher, H., Tanner, R., Vanhavere, F., and Derdau, D.

Abstract

EVIDOS (‘evaluation of individual dosimetry in mixed neutron and photon radiation fields') is an European Commission (EC)-sponsored project that aims at a significant improvement of radiation protection dosimetry in mixed neutron/photon fields via spectrometric and dosimetric investigations in representative workplaces of the nuclear industry. In particular, new spectrometry methods are developed that provide the energy and direction distribution of the neutron fluence from which the reference dosimetric quantities are derived and compared to the readings of dosemeters. The final results of the project will be a comprehensive set of spectrometric and dosimetric data for the workplaces and an analysis of the performance of dosemeters, including novel electronic dosemeters. This paper gives an overview of the project and focuses on the results from measurements performed in calibration fields with broad energy distributions (simulated workplace fields) and on the first results from workplaces in the nuclear industry, inside a boiling water reactor and around a spent fuel transport cask

Published
2017

2. Electronic neutron personal dosemeters: their performance in mixed radiation fields in nuclear power plants

Author

Luszik-Bhadra, M., Bartlett, D., Boschung, M., Coeck, M., Curzio, G., Derdau, D., d'Errico, F., Fiechtner, A., Itié, C., Kyllönen, J.-E, Lacoste, V., Lahaye, T., Lindborg, L., Molinos, C., Reginatto, M., Schuhmacher, H., Tanner, R., Vanhavere, F., Luszik-Bhadra, M., Bartlett, D., Boschung, M., Coeck, M., Curzio, G., Derdau, D., d'Errico, F., Fiechtner, A., Itié, C., Kyllönen, J.-E, Lacoste, V., Lahaye, T., Lindborg, L., Molinos, C., Reginatto, M., Schuhmacher, H., Tanner, R., and Vanhavere, F.

Abstract

This work describes spectral distributions of neutrons obtained as function of energy and direction at four workplace fields at the Krümmel reactor in Germany. Values of personal dose equivalent Hp(10) and effective dose E are determined for different directions of a person's orientation in these fields and readings of personal neutron dosemeters—especially electronic dosemeters—are discussed with respect to Hp(10) and E

Published
2017

3. Evaluation of individual monitoring in mixed neutron/photon fields: mid-term results from the EVIDOS project

Author

Vanhavere, F., Bartlett, D., Bolognese-Milsztajn, T., Boschung, M., Coeck, M., Curzio, G., d'Errico, F., Fiechtner, A., Kyllönen, J., Lacoste, V., Lahaye, T., Lindborg, L., Luszik-Bhadra, M., Molinos, C., Muller, H., Reginatto, M., Schuhmacher, H., Tanner, R., Vanhavere, F., Bartlett, D., Bolognese-Milsztajn, T., Boschung, M., Coeck, M., Curzio, G., d'Errico, F., Fiechtner, A., Kyllönen, J., Lacoste, V., Lahaye, T., Lindborg, L., Luszik-Bhadra, M., Molinos, C., Muller, H., Reginatto, M., Schuhmacher, H., and Tanner, R.

Abstract

EVIDOS is an EC sponsored project that aims at an evaluation and improvement of radiation protection dosimetry in mixed neutron/photon fields. This is performed through spectrometric and dosimetric investigations during different measurement campaigns in representative workplaces of the nuclear industry. The performance of routine and, in particular, novel personal dosemeters and survey instruments is tested in selected workplace fields. Reference values for the dose equivalent quantities, H*(10) and Hp(10) and the effective dose E, are determined using different spectrometers that provide the energy distribution of the neutron fluence and using newly developed devices that determine the energy and directional distribution of the neutron fluence. The EVIDOS project has passed the mid-term, and three measurement campaigns have been performed. This paper will give an overview and some new results from the third campaign that was held in Mol (Belgium), around the research reactor VENUS and in the MOX producing plant of Belgonucléaire

Published
2017

4. Neutron area survey instrument measurements in the EVIDOS project

Author

Tanner, R. J., Bolognese-Milsztajn, T., Boschung, M., Coeck, M., Curzio, G., d'Errico, F., Fiechtner, A., Hager, L. G., Hussien, M., Kyllönen, J.-E, Lacoste, V., Lindborg, L., Luszik-Bhadra, M., Molinos, C., Reginatto, M., Schuhmacher, H., Vanhavere, F., Tanner, R. J., Bolognese-Milsztajn, T., Boschung, M., Coeck, M., Curzio, G., d'Errico, F., Fiechtner, A., Hager, L. G., Hussien, M., Kyllönen, J.-E, Lacoste, V., Lindborg, L., Luszik-Bhadra, M., Molinos, C., Reginatto, M., Schuhmacher, H., and Vanhavere, F.

Abstract

Neutron survey instruments have been exposed at all the measurement locations used in the EVIDOS project. These results have an important impact in the interpretation of the results from the project, since operationally the survey instrument will be used for an initial assessment of and routine monitoring of the ambient dose equivalent dose rate. Additionally, since the response of these instruments is in some cases very well characterised, their systematic deviations from the reference quantities provide an important verification of the determination of those quantities

Published
2017

6. Electronic neutron personal dosemeters: their performance in mixed radiation fields in nuclear power plants

Author

Luszik-Bhadra, M., Bartlett, D., Boschung, M., Coeck, M., Curzio, G., Derdau, D., d'Errico, F., Fiechtner, A., Itié, C., Kyllönen, J.-E, Lacoste, V., Lahaye, T., Lindborg, L., Molinos, C., Reginatto, M., Schuhmacher, H., Tanner, R., Vanhavere, F., Luszik-Bhadra, M., Bartlett, D., Boschung, M., Coeck, M., Curzio, G., Derdau, D., d'Errico, F., Fiechtner, A., Itié, C., Kyllönen, J.-E, Lacoste, V., Lahaye, T., Lindborg, L., Molinos, C., Reginatto, M., Schuhmacher, H., Tanner, R., and Vanhavere, F.

Abstract

This work describes spectral distributions of neutrons obtained as function of energy and direction at four workplace fields at the Krümmel reactor in Germany. Values of personal dose equivalent Hp(10) and effective dose E are determined for different directions of a person's orientation in these fields and readings of personal neutron dosemeters—especially electronic dosemeters—are discussed with respect to Hp(10) and E

7. Individual neutron monitoring in workplaces with mixed neutron/photon radiation

Author

Bolognese-Milsztajn, T., Bartlett, D., Boschung, M., Coeck, M., Curzio, G., d'Errico, F., Fiechtner, A., Giusti, V., Gressier, V., Kyllönen, J., Lacoste, V., Lindborg, L., Luszik-Bhadra, M., Molinos, C., Pelcot, G., Reginatto, M., Schuhmacher, H., Tanner, R., Vanhavere, F., Derdau, D., Bolognese-Milsztajn, T., Bartlett, D., Boschung, M., Coeck, M., Curzio, G., d'Errico, F., Fiechtner, A., Giusti, V., Gressier, V., Kyllönen, J., Lacoste, V., Lindborg, L., Luszik-Bhadra, M., Molinos, C., Pelcot, G., Reginatto, M., Schuhmacher, H., Tanner, R., Vanhavere, F., and Derdau, D.

Abstract

EVIDOS (‘evaluation of individual dosimetry in mixed neutron and photon radiation fields') is an European Commission (EC)-sponsored project that aims at a significant improvement of radiation protection dosimetry in mixed neutron/photon fields via spectrometric and dosimetric investigations in representative workplaces of the nuclear industry. In particular, new spectrometry methods are developed that provide the energy and direction distribution of the neutron fluence from which the reference dosimetric quantities are derived and compared to the readings of dosemeters. The final results of the project will be a comprehensive set of spectrometric and dosimetric data for the workplaces and an analysis of the performance of dosemeters, including novel electronic dosemeters. This paper gives an overview of the project and focuses on the results from measurements performed in calibration fields with broad energy distributions (simulated workplace fields) and on the first results from workplaces in the nuclear industry, inside a boiling water reactor and around a spent fuel transport cask

8. Neutron area survey instrument measurements in the EVIDOS project

Author

Tanner, R. J., Bolognese-Milsztajn, T., Boschung, M., Coeck, M., Curzio, G., d'Errico, F., Fiechtner, A., Hager, L. G., Hussien, M., Kyllönen, J.-E, Lacoste, V., Lindborg, L., Luszik-Bhadra, M., Molinos, C., Reginatto, M., Schuhmacher, H., Vanhavere, F., Tanner, R. J., Bolognese-Milsztajn, T., Boschung, M., Coeck, M., Curzio, G., d'Errico, F., Fiechtner, A., Hager, L. G., Hussien, M., Kyllönen, J.-E, Lacoste, V., Lindborg, L., Luszik-Bhadra, M., Molinos, C., Reginatto, M., Schuhmacher, H., and Vanhavere, F.

Abstract

Neutron survey instruments have been exposed at all the measurement locations used in the EVIDOS project. These results have an important impact in the interpretation of the results from the project, since operationally the survey instrument will be used for an initial assessment of and routine monitoring of the ambient dose equivalent dose rate. Additionally, since the response of these instruments is in some cases very well characterised, their systematic deviations from the reference quantities provide an important verification of the determination of those quantities

9. Evaluation of individual monitoring in mixed neutron/photon fields: mid-term results from the EVIDOS project

Author

Vanhavere, F., Bartlett, D., Bolognese-Milsztajn, T., Boschung, M., Coeck, M., Curzio, G., d'Errico, F., Fiechtner, A., Kyllönen, J., Lacoste, V., Lahaye, T., Lindborg, L., Luszik-Bhadra, M., Molinos, C., Muller, H., Reginatto, M., Schuhmacher, H., Tanner, R., Vanhavere, F., Bartlett, D., Bolognese-Milsztajn, T., Boschung, M., Coeck, M., Curzio, G., d'Errico, F., Fiechtner, A., Kyllönen, J., Lacoste, V., Lahaye, T., Lindborg, L., Luszik-Bhadra, M., Molinos, C., Muller, H., Reginatto, M., Schuhmacher, H., and Tanner, R.

Abstract

EVIDOS is an EC sponsored project that aims at an evaluation and improvement of radiation protection dosimetry in mixed neutron/photon fields. This is performed through spectrometric and dosimetric investigations during different measurement campaigns in representative workplaces of the nuclear industry. The performance of routine and, in particular, novel personal dosemeters and survey instruments is tested in selected workplace fields. Reference values for the dose equivalent quantities, H*(10) and Hp(10) and the effective dose E, are determined using different spectrometers that provide the energy distribution of the neutron fluence and using newly developed devices that determine the energy and directional distribution of the neutron fluence. The EVIDOS project has passed the mid-term, and three measurement campaigns have been performed. This paper will give an overview and some new results from the third campaign that was held in Mol (Belgium), around the research reactor VENUS and in the MOX producing plant of Belgonucléaire

10. Evolutive Study of Dietary Aspects and Intestinal Microbiota of Pediatric Cohort with Cow's Milk Protein Allergy.

Author

Castro AM, Navarro S, Carvajal I, García A, Suárez M, Toyos P, Rodríguez S, Jimenez S, González D, Molinos C, Pérez-Solís D, Fernández P, Margolles A, Díaz-Martín JJ, Gutiérrez-Díaz I, and Delgado S

Abstract

Background: One of the most common food allergies in the pediatric population is allergy to cow's milk protein (CMPA). Treatment consists of avoiding cow's milk proteins in lactating mothers and/or using therapeutic formulas based on hydrolysates or vegetable formulas. In infants with CMPA at diagnosis, a different gut microbial profile has been found compared to healthy children, with a reduction in beneficial bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the gut microbiota profile and its metabolites, dietary patterns and anthropometric variables in a pediatric cohort with CMPA after six months on a restrictive diet compared to healthy controls., Methods: In total, 21 patients diagnosed with CMPA and a control group of 24 healthy infants participated in this study. The fecal microbiota of all participants were investigated by metataxonomic analysis of 16S rDNA amplicons, and fecal short-chain fatty acids were measured by gas chromatography. Epidemiological assessment and dietary questionnaires were carried out for both groups., Results: Regarding growth, no significant differences were found, but differences in dietary intake of some macro- and micronutrients were observed. Patients who were breastfed at six months had higher bifidobacteria and lipid intakes than patients fed with hydrolyzed formulas., Conclusions: Although the growth of CMPA infants fed with therapeutic formula is similar to breastfed CMPA infants, there are differences in microbiota composition and macronutrient intake that underline the importance of continued breastfeeding in CMPA cases.

Published
2024
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11. Model Corrected Blood Input Function to Compute Cerebral FDG Uptake Rates From Dynamic Total-Body PET Images of Rats in vivo .

Author

Massey JC, Seshadri V, Paul S, Mińczuk K, Molinos C, Li J, and Kundu BK

Abstract

Recently, we developed a three-compartment dual-output model that incorporates spillover (SP) and partial volume (PV) corrections to simultaneously estimate the kinetic parameters and model-corrected blood input function (MCIF) from dynamic 2-[18F] fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) images of mouse heart in vivo . In this study, we further optimized this model and utilized the estimated MCIF to compute cerebral FDG uptake rates, K i , from dynamic total-body FDG PET images of control Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and compared to those derived from arterial blood sampling in vivo . Dynamic FDG PET scans of WKY rats ( n = 5), fasted for 6 h, were performed using the Albira Si Trimodal PET/SPECT/CT imager for 60 min. Arterial blood samples were collected for the entire imaging duration and then fitted to a seven-parameter function. The 60-min list mode PET data, corrected for attenuation, scatter, randoms, and decay, were reconstructed into 23 time bins. A 15-parameter dual-output model with SP and PV corrections was optimized with two cost functions to compute MCIF. A four-parameter compartment model was then used to compute cerebral Ki. The computed area under the curve (AUC) and K i were compared to that derived from arterial blood samples. Experimental and computed AUCs were 1,893.53 ± 195.39 kBq min/cc and 1,792.65 ± 155.84 kBq min/cc, respectively ( p = 0.76). Bland-Altman analysis of experimental vs. computed K i for 35 cerebral regions in WKY rats revealed a mean difference of 0.0029 min -1 (~13.5%). Direct (AUC) and indirect (Ki) comparisons of model computations with arterial blood sampling were performed in WKY rats. AUC and the downstream cerebral FDG uptake rates compared well with that obtained using arterial blood samples. Experimental vs. computed cerebral K i for the four super regions including cerebellum, frontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum indicated no significant differences., Competing Interests: CM was employed by company Bruker Biospin. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Massey, Seshadri, Paul, Mińczuk, Molinos, Li and Kundu.)

Published
2021
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12. Low-Dose Imaging in a New Preclinical Total-Body PET/CT Scanner.

Author

Molinos C, Sasser T, Salmon P, Gsell W, Viertl D, Massey JC, Mińczuk K, Li J, Kundu BK, Berr S, Correcher C, Bahadur A, Attarwala AA, Stark S, Junge S, Himmelreich U, Prior JO, Laperre K, Van Wyk S, and Heidenreich M

Abstract

Ionizing radiation constitutes a health risk to imaging scientists and study animals. Both PET and CT produce ionizing radiation. CT doses in pre-clinical in vivo imaging typically range from 50 to 1,000 mGy and biological effects in mice at this dose range have been previously described. [ 18 F]FDG body doses in mice have been estimated to be in the range of 100 mGy for [ 18 F]FDG. Yearly, the average whole body doses due to handling of activity by PET technologists are reported to be 3-8 mSv. A preclinical PET/CT system is presented with design features which make it suitable for small animal low-dose imaging. The CT subsystem uses a X-source power that is optimized for small animal imaging. The system design incorporates a spatial beam shaper coupled with a highly sensitive flat-panel detector and very fast acquisition (<10 s) which allows for whole body scans with doses as low as 3 mGy. The mouse total-body PET subsystem uses a detector architecture based on continuous crystals, coupled to SiPM arrays and a readout based in rows and columns. The PET field of view is 150 mm axial and 80 mm transaxial. The high solid-angle coverage of the sample and the use of continuous crystals achieve a sensitivity of 9% (NEMA) that can be leveraged for use of low tracer doses and/or performing rapid scans. The low-dose imaging capabilities of the total-body PET subsystem were tested with NEMA phantoms, in tumor models, a mouse bone metabolism scan and a rat heart dynamic scan. The CT imaging capabilities were tested in mice and in a low contrast phantom. The PET low-dose phantom and animal experiments provide evidence that image quality suitable for preclinical PET studies is achieved. Furthermore, CT image contrast using low dose scan settings was suitable as a reference for PET scans. Total-body mouse PET/CT studies could be completed with total doses of <10 mGy.

Published
2019
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