Search

Cosmetics are the products that are used to apply to our skin, face and hair every day and its uses are increasing around the world. The substance which are used to improve the appearance are comes under the category of cosmetics. In day-to-day life people are exposed to a great range of harmful chemicals in the form of cosmetics, from the various daily used products like dermal products, beauty products and hair products. These products are used to enhance the appearance or to maintain personal hygiene. Cosmetic products may contain various ingredients. Such substances improve the quality and shelf life of the products but may be toxic to human health. This review paper discusses the composition of various cosmetic products, their role, adverse effects and also highlights about the replacements of some of the harmful ingredients caused by cosmetic products based on the various scientific literature review.

Introduction Acute appendicitis is a frequent illness that manifests as an emergency and most of the cases necessitate surgical intervention. One of the most critical processes in a laparoscopic appendicectomy is the closure of the appendicular stump. For the closure of the stump of the appendix, several approaches have been employed and explored, but the one with the best outcomes has yet to be proved. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the medical results and cost analyses of laparoscopic appendicectomy with two of the commonly used stump closure techniques - ENDOLOOP

Bluetooth may be an inaccessible development standard utilized for exchanging data between settled and flexible contraptions over brief divisions utilizing UHF radio waves within the mechanical, coherent, and restorative radio bunches, from 2.402GHz to 2.480 GHz. PCM codec is an A/D interface for speech signals. The Bluetooth center framework underpins co-ordinate transport of application information that’s isochronous and of a consistent rate (either bit-rate or frame-rate for pre-framed information) employing an SCO or ESCO consistent joins. These coherent joins save physical channel transfer speed and give a consistent rate of transport bolted to the piconet clock. The codec interface block is used to interface an external PCM (8KHz voice data) or a stereo codec with the baseband controller for the direct transfer of voice data on isochronous links to external CODEC. Bluetooth baseband supports two CODEC interface protocols 1) for audio links it is the PCM interface and 2) for mono/stereo music data from audio codec it uses the IIS interface. This enables the source of isochronous data to be directly interfaced to the baseband controller if it is not required to be processed by firmware. It also provides the host access path where the source of isochronous data will be any application running on the host and data is written and read directly into baseband SCO/ESCO FIFOs from firmware. In this paper, PCM is verified in the Cadence tool and simulated images are shown.

Vaccinations against COVID-19 are frequently given intramuscularly to the arm. After receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, axillary lymphadenopathy has been documented as an adverse reaction. The occurrence of ipsilateral (or contralateral) lymphadenopathy in individuals with breast cancer who got the COVID-19 immunization creates a diagnostic conundrum. This systematic study aims to assess the prevalence and clinical features of vaccine associated hypermetabolic axillary lymphadenopathy (VAHL) after COVID-19 vaccination. The PRISMA protocol was followed in conducting the systematic review. "Vaccine" or "vaccination" and "lymphadenopathy" or "lymph node" and "COVID-19" were the search phrases used. Using the predefined keywords from the systematic review procedure, 33 papers or reports were found. After irrelevant materials (such as regulations, reviews, opinions, and critiques) were eliminated, ten articles or reports were included in the evaluation. After receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, 91/22,532 cases (0.4% of cases overall) of clinically detectable lymphadenopathy were found. The axillary lymphadenopathy linked with the vaccination had a mean size of 18.2 mm (range 16–21 mm). The median time between receiving a vaccine and developing axillary lymphadenopathy was 6.9 days (range 2–18 days). 119-patient research found that enlarged axillary lymphadenopathy clears up in 4 to 5 weeks. Axillary lymphadenopathy linked to vaccines is relatively prevalent. Its management is based on a multidisciplinary assessment considering the patient's demographics, immunization history, and radiological findings. Additional imaging and biopsies can increase the demand for healthcare services. Proper timing and lateral arrangement of immunization and imaging should be encouraged to prevent ambiguity and patient concern.

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is underutilised across the world and India. The use of simple algorithms is one way to facilitate CR, however, these algorithms need to be feasible to use across low resource settings. The objectives were to assess the feasibility of a CR algorithm following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). A single group, pre-post study on 50 participants undergoing PCI for ACS found significant improvement in various feasibility metrics at discharge and 30-days, with no major adverse events. The proposed CR algorithm was safe and feasible for low and moderate risk patients with ACS undergoing PCI.

Blind people faces lot of difficulties in day to day life. While walking they may struggle during their pathway. Some of the blinds they may use the external things to guide their path. When they were in indoor systems they may not aware of certain places inside their home. They prefer the help of another people to guide their way, instead there is an Li-Fi technology used only for indoor navigation purpose. By using of transmitter and receiver systems it allows them to guide in a proper path. Using voice recognition, the system helps to move from one places to another places inside the home. This project works only through the visible light as a source for communication. So by using this project we trained those blind people to navigate their path in an proper way.

Trichloroacetimidates are useful reagents for the synthesis of esters under mild conditions that do not require an exogenous promoter. These conditions avoid the undesired decomposition of substrates with sensitive functional groups that are often observed with the use of strong Lewis or Brønsted acids. With heating, these reactions have been extended to benzyl esters without electron donating groups. These inexpensive and convenient methods should find application in the formation of esters in complex substrates.

Background. Coronary revascularization procedures often cause lowered exercise capacity and declining physical activity levels. These outcomes are paramount in predicting morbidity and mortality after these procedures. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) focuses on incrementing cardiovascular endurance, exercise capacity, muscle strength, levels of physical activity, and quality of life through health education and lifestyle modification in post-coronary revascularization patients. Objective. To review the impact of cardiac rehabilitation on functional capacity, levels of physical activity, and health related quality of life in patients following coronary revascularization. Methods. A structured literature search in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and ProQuest for studies focused on CR and its effects on functional capacity, physical activity, and quality of life after coronary revascularization. Results. A total of 2,010 studies were retrieved. Deduplication and eligibility screening included 190 studies after the application of filters. A sum of 21 studies were considered for this review. Most studies reported that exercise and physical activity programs were centre-based and home-based and via telerehabilitation. Treadmill and cycle ergometry training with callisthenics and flexibility exercises in phase 2 CR exhibited significant improvement in functional capacity and physical activity levels in patients after coronary revascularization procedures. Conclusion. Although centre-based supervised CR programs do improve functional capacity after coronary revascularization, home-based or telerehabilitation-based CR programs are feasible, improve patient compliance in improving physical activity, and thereby increase functional capacity. Patient education improves levels of physical activity, health related quality of life, and adherence to home- and centre-based CR programs.

Background. Coronary revascularization procedures often cause lowered exercise capacity and declining physical activity levels. These outcomes are paramount in predicting morbidity and mortality after these procedures. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) focuses on incrementing cardiovascular endurance, exercise capacity, muscle strength, levels of physical activity, and quality of life through health education and lifestyle modification in post-coronary revascularization patients. Objective. To review the impact of cardiac rehabilitation on functional capacity, levels of physical activity, and health related quality of life in patients following coronary revascularization. Methods. A structured literature search in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and ProQuest for studies focused on CR and its effects on functional capacity, physical activity, and quality of life after coronary revascularization. Results. A total of 2,010 studies were retrieved. Deduplication and eligibility screening included 190 studies after the application of filters. A sum of 21 studies were considered for this review. Most studies reported that exercise and physical activity programs were centre-based and home-based and via telerehabilitation. Treadmill and cycle ergometry training with callisthenics and flexibility exercises in phase 2 CR exhibited significant improvement in functional capacity and physical activity levels in patients after coronary revascularization procedures. Conclusion. Although centre-based supervised CR programs do improve functional capacity after coronary revascularization, home-based or telerehabilitation-based CR programs are feasible, improve patient compliance in improving physical activity, and thereby increase functional capacity. Patient education improves levels of physical activity, health related quality of life, and adherence to home- and centre-based CR programs.

Natural Language processing is an interdisciplinary branch of linguistic and computer science studied under the Artificial Intelligence (AI) that gave birth to an allied area called ‘Computational Linguistics’ which focuses on processing of natural languages on computational devices. A natural language consists of many sentences which are meaningful linguistic units involving one or more words linked together in accordance with a set of predefined rules called ‘grammar’. Grammar checking is fundamental task in the formal world that validates sentences syntactically as well as semantically. Grammar Checker tool is a prominent tool within language engineering. Our review draws on the till date development of various Natural Language grammar checkers to look at past, present and the future in the present context. Our review covers common grammatical errors , overview of grammar checking process, grammar checkers of various languages with the aim of seeking their approaches, methodologies and performance evaluation, which would be great help for developing new tool and system as a whole. The survey concludes with the discussion of different features included in existing grammar checkers of foreign languages as well as a few Indian Languages.

Benzylic trichloroacetimidates are readily displaced by trimethylaluminum under Lewis acid promoted conditions to provide the corresponding methyl substitution product. This method is a convenient way to access 1,1'-diarylethanes and related systems, which play a significant role in medicinal chemistry, with a number of systems owing their biological activity to this functionality. Most benzylic substrates undergo ready displacement, with electron deficient systems being the exception. The use of an enantiopure imidate showed significant racemization, implicating the formation of a cationic intermediate.

1,1'-Diarylbutyl groups are a common pharmacophore found in many biologically active small molecules. To access these systems under mild conditions, the reaction of diarylmethyl trichloroacetimidates with allyltributylstannanes was explored. Simply heating allyltributylstannane with the trichloroacetimidate resulted in substitution of the imidate with an allyl group. Unlike other methods used to access these systems, no strong base, transition metal catalyst, Brønsted acid or Lewis acid promoter was required to affect the transformation. Conversions are best with electron rich benzylic trichloroacetimidate systems, where excellent yields are achieved just by refluxing the reactants together in nitromethane.

Polymer nanocomposites as multilayered and single layer are used as barrier protection for the entry of UV and moisture. Here the polymer nanocomposites with novel nanoflakes are simulated with the optimized geometry of nanoflakes. The barrier properties are verified with the change in width of the dispersed nanoflakes of polymer matrix. The optimization of the copper nanoflakes is investigated and studied using two model with different dimensions of the nanoflakes in the polymer nanocomposite. The diffusivity flux at the interface of air and the polymer matrix varies from 5×10-12 mol/(m 2s) and 4 ×10 -5 mol/(m 2s) for the models proposed.

The peptide hormone ghrelin plays a key role in regulating hunger and energy balance within the body. Ghrelin signaling presents a promising and unexploited target for development of small molecule therapeutics for treatment of obesity, diabetes, and other health conditions. Inhibition of ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT), which catalyzes an essential octanoylation step in ghrelin maturation, offers a potential avenue for controlling ghrelin signaling. Through screening a small molecule library, we have identified a class of synthetic triterpenoids that efficiently inhibit ghrelin acylation by the human isoform of GOAT (hGOAT). These compounds function as covalent reversible inhibitors of hGOAT, providing the first evidence of the involvement of a nucleophilic cysteine residue in substrate acylation by a MBOAT family acyltransferase. Surprisingly, the mouse form of GOAT does not exhibit susceptibility to cysteine-modifying electrophiles, revealing an important distinction in the activity and behavior between these closely related GOAT isoforms. This study establishes these compounds as potent small molecule inhibitors of ghrelin acylation and provides a foundation for the development of novel hGOAT inhibitors as therapeutics targeting diabetes and obesity.

The Aim of the Study: This study aims to determine the effect of individualized home-based exercise on the quality of life post-Intensive Care Unit (ICU) discharge. Subjects: Adult patients invasively mechanically ventilated for more than 48 h in medical ICU. Methodology: Thirty-five patients were enrolled prospectively in this study. They were interviewed to complete short form 36 (SF-36) version 2 questionnaire and were randomly allocated to control and experimental group by block randomization. The experimental group received individualized exercise information sheet and control group was asked to continue routine exercises done during their hospital stay. The experimental group also received a log book and weekly telephonic reminders. Patients were interviewed to complete the SF-36 through the telephone 4 weeks after hospital discharge. Results: Physical and mental components of the quality of life as measured by the SF-36 at the end of 4 weeks after hospital discharge showed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) in the experimental group. Conclusion: A well-structured individualized exercise program improves the quality of life of critically ill patients after discharge.

Background Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) account for two-thirds of all deaths globally. Physiotherapists have the requisite expertise to initiate and lead NCD risk factor screening and prevention programmes. The workplace can provide an ideal setting for physiotherapists to screen for risk factors and implement prevention programmes. Objective This study was designed to identify the common modifiable risk factors for NCD among employees of a healthcare institution. Methods A cross-sectional study of NCD risk factors was conducted in a large healthcare teaching institution. Employees from four of the seven constituent institutes of the healthcare institution were evaluated using the World Health Organisation STEPS Instrument (Steps I and II). Continuous variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Categorical variables and the prevalence of risk factors were expressed as frequencies and percentages. Results A total of 247 employees (response rate 68.2%) participated in the study. Poor dietary habits, suboptimal blood pressure, and physical inactivity were identified as the most common modifiable NCD risk factors in this population. Conclusion Knowledge of NCD risk factors can be used by physiotherapists to implement health promotion programmes in the workplace as a means of reducing NCD-related economic and social burdens in India.

The objective of the present research was to formulate a chronotherapeutic oral delivery system for the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. The active ingredients were a combination of Boswellia serrata & ginger extracts. To achieve a chronotherapeutic system many polymers were used as retardants. Formulation of uncoated tablets was done by direct compression method. Powder blends were evaluated for precompression parameters like bulk density, tapped density, Hasuner’s Ratio, % CI and angle of repose.The results showed that the powder blends exhibited good flow properties. In this method, Superdisintegrants like cross PVP were used in concentrations (4-11%w/w), sodium starch glycolate were used in concentrations (8-10%w/w) and disintegrant starch was used in combination with cross PVP in 7.5%w/w concentration each. Optimization was done by varying the disintegrant concentrations. Various post compression parameters like hardness, thickness, weight variation, friability, disintegration time and in-vitro dissolution studies were checked for optimizing the formulation. Batches showing disintegration of less than 30 mins were taken further for coating experiments. Formulation of coated tablets for chronotherapeutic release were done by different polymer coatings to achieve chronotherapeutic release. Eudragit S-100 coat was optimized as it provided a better lag time than other formulations. Characterization and Evaluation of coated tablets: Chronotherapeutic tablets of Boswellia serrata and ginger were formulated and batch ET2 was optimized which showed percent drug release 82.32% of Boswellia serrata and 98.98% of ginger at the end of 12 hours. Key words: Chronotherapeutic delivery, Boswellia serrata, ginger and Eudragit S-100

Vapor phase nitration of toluene by using CuFe0.8Al1.2O4 as a catalyst was studied by varying strength of nitric acid (10–69%) as a nitrating agent. Water vapor generated during the reaction acts as a diluent for the exothermic process. Varying the reaction temperature in the range of 100–200 °C revealed that below 125 °C lower conversion of toluene to mono-nitro toluene was obtained while above 125 °C dinitro and oxidation byproducts were obtained. The maximum conversion of toluene to mono nitro toluene was 58% with 77% selectivity towards para nitro toluene.

Glycosylation reactions are most commonly encountered in nature. Synthetically, glycosylation is carried out with Lewis acid catalyst, HF, AlCl 3 or mineral acids. However environmental threat associated with such catalysts has encouraged process modification and the development of solid catalyzed glycosylation reactions, which are commercially viable as well. In this contribution comparative study of glycosidic bond formation of simple d -glucose with several fatty alcohols (C 8 –C 14 ) over variety of mixed metal oxidic spinels (CuFe 2 O 4 , ZnFe 2 O 4 , CoFe 2 O 4 and NiFe 2 O 4 , 10% (w/w) ZnFe 2 O 4 supported on SiO 2 and ZrO 2 ) is taken up to evaluate the performance of this potential catalysts system. Effect of catalyst preparation was evaluated. This replacement of homogeneous acid catalyst by oxidic spinels shows alkyl poly β - d -glucopyranoside as major product at comparatively low temperature range. The effects of variety of parameters were studied in a batch reactor. The mechanism of the reaction over mixed metal oxidic spinels at 363 K is put forth.

The catalysts NiCo2O4 were prepared by co-precipitation and surfactant approach. These catalysts were characterized by crystal size, BET surface area, pore volume, average pore size, XRD and SEM. The catalytic activity of co-precipitated NiO, CoO, NiCo2O4 and surfactant-assisted NiCo2O4 was tested for the reduction of 4-Chloro-nitrobenzene using variety of hydrogen donor and basic promoters. The reaction was carried out at different temperatures and catalysts concentrations. Reusability, recyclability of the catalyst and reductions of variety of nitro arenes was also studied.

Aluminium stabilized mixed metal oxide of copper and iron serve as an active catalyst for the nitration of benzene in solid–liquid phase reaction, using 69% nitric acid as a nitrating agent. The reaction was carried out with 100% selectivity towards nitro benzene. Various solvents such as, n-hexane, n-heptane, DMC and DCE were employed, DCE was the most effective in removal of water azeotropically in acidic medium, which is the only byproduct formed in the reaction. The activity of the catalyst decreases in the repeated use due to partial leaching.

Beamforming in MIMO wireless networks, is a techniques used for mitigating interference and achieve the best possible throughput. Accurate channel state information is essential for efficient design of beamforming vectors required for data transmission. According to [1], if accurate channel information is available, precoding vector design problem could be reduced to a problem of Generalised Eigen Vector computation for a matrix pencil. In this thesis, it is assumed that the channel state information available is incomplete. Thus, the eigen vector computation for precoding vector design is that of a noisy matrix pencil. In [2], some SVD based techniques have been explored for eigen value and eigen vector compuatation of noisy matrix pencils, in [2], performance of these methods has been analysed assuming that the matrix pencil involved has a know structure. This thesis analyses the performance of the SVD methods for the noisy matrix pencils that are involved in K-User MIMO networks (such a matrix pencil would not have a defined structure when the channel state information available is assumed to be incomplete).

Objectives: To evaluate the perinatal outcome with the abnormal umbilical cord coiling index. Study Design: This prospective study was carried out in the department of OBG at Adichunchangiri Institute of Medical Sciences, B.G.Nagara, Mandya, Karnataka, India from January 2008 to August 2010. 200 patients who were in active labour with term gestations, irrespective of their parities, who had singleton pregnancies with live babies who were either delivered by vaginal or LSCS were included in the study. Umbilical cord coiling index was calculated and it was correlated with various perinatal parameters like birth weight, meconium stained liquor, Apgar score, ponderal index and foetal growth restriction. Chi square and Fisher exact tests were used to find the significance of study parameters. Results: There was a significant correlation between the hypercoiled cords (UCI >90th percentile) and IUGR of the babies (p value of < 0.001) and low ponderal indices (a p value of 0.022) Hypocoiled cords ( UCI which was < 10th percentile) were significantly associated with meconium staining (p < 0.001), Apgar score at 1 min of 90th percentile was associated with IUGR and low ponderal indices. Hypocoiled cords or UCI which was