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Background: Cats with subclinical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (sHCM) have elevated serum insulin levels and serum amyloid A levels correlating with the degree of cardiac hypertrophy. Diet might affect these parameters and other cardiac variables.Objective: Evaluate the effect of a complete, balanced diet with restricted starch and supplemented with eicosapentanoic acid+docosahexaenoic acid (EPA+DHA) on echocardiographic parameters and cardiac biomarkers in cats with sHCM.Animals: Forty-four client-owned cats with sHCM. Methods: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, multicenter study enrolled cats with end-diastole interventricular septum thickness (IVSd) and/or left ventricular wall thickness (LVWd) ≥6 mm. Non-sedated, fasted cats were examined at baseline and after 6 and 12 months of Test (restricted starch and EPA+DHA supplements) (n=23) or Control (unrestricted starch without EPA+DHA supplementation) (n=21) diet. Assessments included auscultation, body weight, body condition score, echocardiography and blood analysis. Linear and generalized mixed models analyzed diet, time and diet*time interactions (5% significance level). Results: No differences between diet groups were significant for any variable at any timepoint. There were significant decreases in the Test but not Control group in maximum IVSd (P = .031; P = .524), maximum LVWd (P = .022; P = .905) and insulin-like growth factor-1 levels (P = .036; P = .987) after 12 months, and in ultra-sensitive cardiac troponin I (cTnI) (P = .001; P = .745) after 6 months only.Conclusions and clinical importance: Significant decreases in echocardiographic variables of sHCM, cTnI and IGF-1, were observed in the Test group. Further research is needed to evaluate effects on clinical outcomes.

Background Insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and inflammation possibly are involved in cats with asymptomatic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (aHCM). Objectives To evaluate echocardiography, morphology, cardiac and inflammatory markers, insulin and IGF-1 in cats with aHCM. Animals Fifty-one client-owned cats with aHCM. Methods Observational descriptive study. Variables (body weight [BW], body condition score [BCS], echocardiography, and serum concentrations of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide [NT-proBNP], ultra-sensitive troponin-I [c-TnI], serum amyloid A [SAA], insulin, glucose and IGF-1) were evaluated for significant increases above echocardiography cutoff values and laboratory reference ranges, associations and effect of left atrial (LA) remodeling and generalized hypertrophy. Results Cats with aHCM had BCS >= 6/9 (P = .01) and insulin (P < .001), NT-proBNP (P = .001) and cTn-I (P < .001) above laboratory reference ranges. Associations were present between NT-proBNP and maximum end-diastolic interventricular septum thickness (IVSd; rho = .32; P = .05), maximum end-diastolic left ventricular free wall thickness;(rho = .41; P = .01), LA/Aorta (rho = .52; P = .001) and LA diameter (LA-max; rho = .32; P = .05); c-TnI and LA/Aorta (rho = .49; P = .003) and LA-max (rho = .28; P = .05); and SAA and number of IVSd regions >= 6 mm thickness (rho = .28; P = .05). Body weight and BCS were associated with IGF-1 (r = 0.44; P = .001), and insulin (rho = .33; P = .02), glucose (rho = .29; P = .04) and IGF-1 (rho = .32; P = .02), respectively. Concentrations of NT-proBNP (P = .02) and c-TnI (P = .01), and SAA (P = .02), were higher in cats with LA remodeling, and generalized hypertrophy, respectively. Conclusions and clinical importance Results suggest potential implications of insulin, IGF-1, and inflammation in cats with aHCM, but it remains to be confirmed whether these findings represent a physiological process or a part of the pathogenesis and development of disease. Royal Canin SAS van Hoek, I (reprint author), Royal Canin SAS, Res & Dev, 650 Ave Petite Camargue, F-30470 Aimargues, France. ingrid.van.hoek@royalcanin.com

Background Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) is a useful estimate of right ventricular function in humans. Reference intervals for dogs have been generated, but the value of measuring TAPSE in other diseases, or investigating the association between TAPSE and outcome, is unknown. Hypothesis TAPSE is lower in Boxer dogs with ≥50 VPCs/24 h on Holter than in dogs with fewer ventricular ectopics, and lower TAPSE is associated with a shorter survival time. Animals Fifty Boxer dogs that presented for investigation of syncope or suspected arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) at a veterinary teaching hospital (2004–2011). Methods Retrospective study. Clinical records, Holter, and echocardiographic data were reviewed. TAPSE was measured in a blinded manner on stored echocardiographic cine‐loops using anatomic M‐mode. Outcome information was obtained and death was classified as cardiac or noncardiac. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan‐Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models. Results TAPSE was lower in Boxers with ≥50 VPCs/24 h (13.9 ± 4.04 mm) than Boxers with 4.09, 95%CI 1.15–16.9, P

Artikkel käsitleb teaduspoliitilisi ja õiguslikke küsimusi, mida tuleks arvestada keeleressursside litsentsimisel, ja määratleb sobivaimad litsentsimise tingimused, pöörates tähelepanu eelkõige lepinguõiguse ja intellektuaalomandi litsentsimise küsimustele. Samuti võrreldakse artiklis USA, Euroopa riikide ja Eesti keeleressursside litsentsimise õiguslikku raamistikku ning tutvustatakse levinumaid praktikaid avatud juurdepääsu (ingl open access) ja vabade (avatud) litsentside vaatepunktist. Artikli praktiliseks eesmärgiks on selgitada Eestis keeleressursside loomise ja kasutamisega seotud teadlastele ja teadusasutustele intellektuaalomandi (IO) objektide litsentsimise põhialuseid ja jagada näpunäiteid litsentsitingimuste valimiseks. Artikkel on sündinud keeleteadlaste ja juristide koostöös ning mõeldud esmajoones keeleteadlastest lugejaskonnale.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5128/ERYa9.21