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13,588 results on '"YANG G."'

1. Simultaneous Superconducting and Topological Properties in Mg-Li Electrides at High Pressures

Author: Wang, D., Song, H., Hao, Q., Yang, G., Wang, H., Zhang, L., Chen, Y., Chen, X., and Geng, Hua Y.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Physics - Chemical Physics, Physics - Computational Physics, Quantum Physics
Abstract: Electrides as a unique class of emerging materials exhibit fascinating properties and hold important significance for understanding the matter under extreme conditions, which is characterized by valence electrons localized into the interstitial space as quasi-atoms (ISQs). In this work, using crystal structure prediction and first-principles calculations, we identified seven stable phases of Mg-Li that are electride with novel electronic properties under high pressure. Among them, MgLi10 is a semiconductor with a band gap of 0.22 eV; and Pm-3m MgLi is superconductor with a superconducting transition temperature of 22.8 K. The important role played by the localization degree of ISQ in the superconducting transition temperature of these electrides is revealed by systematic comparison of Mg-Li with other Li-rich electride superconductors. Furthermore, we proved that Pm-3m MgLi and Pnma MgLi also have distinct topological behavior with metallic surface states and the non-zero $Z_2$ invariant. The simultaneous coexistence of superconductivity, electronic band topology and electride property in the same structure of Pm-3m MgLi and Pnma MgLi demonstrates the feasibility of realizing multi-quantum phases in a single material, which will stimulate further research in these interdisciplinary fields., Comment: 38 pages, 7 figures, with Supporting Information
Published: 2025
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2. Characterization of the optical model of the T2K 3D segmented plastic scintillator detector

Author: Abe, S., Alekseev, I., Arai, T., Arihara, T., Arimoto, S., Babu, N., Baranov, V., Bartoszek, L., Berns, L., Bhattacharjee, S., Blondel, A., Boikov, A. V., Buizza-Avanzini, M., Capó, J., Cayo, J., Chakrani, J., Chong, P. S., Chvirova, A., Danilov, M., Davis, C., Davydov, Yu. I., Dergacheva, A., Dokania, N., Douqa, D., Doyle, T. A., Drapier, O., Eguchi, A., Elias, J., Fedorova, D., Fedotov, S., Ferlewicz, D., Fuji, Y., Furui, Y., Gendotti, A., Germer, A., Giannessi, L., Giganti, C., Glagolev, V., Hu, J., Iwamoto, K., Jakkapu, M., Jesús-Valls, C., Ji, J. Y., Jung, C. K., Kakuno, H., Kasetti, S. P., Kawaue, M., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Kikawa, T., Kikutani, H., Kobayashi, H., Kobayashi, T., Kodama, S., Kolupanova, M., Korzenev, A., Kose, U., Kudenko, Y., Kuribayashi, S., Kutter, T., Lachat, M., Lachner, K., Last, D., Latham, N., Silverio, D. Leon, Li, B., Li, W., Li, Z., Lin, C., Lin, L. S., Lin, S., Lux, T., Mahtani, K., Maret, L., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, Martynenko, S., Matsubara, T., Mauger, C., McGrew, C., McKean, J., Mefodiev, A., Miller, E., Mineev, O., Moreno, A. L., Muñoz, A., Nakadaira, T., Nakagiri, K., Nguyen, V., Nicola, L., Noah, E., Nosek, T., Okinaga, W., Osu, L., Paolone, V., Parsa, S., Pellegrino, R., Ramirez, M. A., Reh, M., Ricco, C., Rubbia, A., Sakashita, K., Sallin, N., Sanchez, F., Schefke, T., Schloesser, C. M., Sgalaberna, D., Shvartsman, A., Skrobova, N., Speers, A. J., Suslov, I. A., Suvorov, S., Svirida, D., Tairafune, S., Tanigawa, H., Teklu, A., Tereshchenko, V. V., Tzanov, M., Vasilyev, I. I., Wallace, H. T., Whitney, N., Wood, K., Xu, Y. -h., Yang, G., Yershov, N., Yokoyama, M., Yoshimoto, Y., Zhao, X., Zheng, H., Zhu, T., Zilberman, P., and Zimmerman, E. D.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The magnetised near detector (ND280) of the T2K long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment has been recently upgraded aiming to satisfy the requirement of reducing the systematic uncertainty from measuring the neutrinonucleus interaction cross section, which is the largest systematic uncertainty in the search for leptonic charge-parity symmetry violation. A key component of the upgrade is SuperFGD, a 3D segmented plastic scintillator detector made of approximately 2,000,000 optically-isolated 1 cm3 cubes. It will provide a 3D image of GeV neutrino interactions by combining tracking and stopping power measurements of final state particles with sub-nanosecond time resolution. The performance of SuperFGD is characterized by the precision of its response to charged particles as well as the systematic effects that might affect the physics measurements. Hence, a detailed Geant4 based optical simulation of the SuperFGD building block, i.e. a plastic scintillating cube read out by three wavelength shifting fibers, has been developed and validated with the different datasets collected in various beam tests. In this manuscript the description of the optical model as well as the comparison with data are reported., Comment: 31 pages, 15 figures
Published: 2024

3. ASTRODEEP-JWST: NIRCam-HST multiband photometry and redshifts for half a million sources in six extragalactic deep fields

Author: Merlin, E., Santini, P., Paris, D., Castellano, M., Fontana, A., Treu, T., Finkelstein, S. L., Dunlop, J. S., Haro, P. Arrabal, Bagley, M., Boyett, K., Calabrò, A., Correnti, M., Davis, K., Dickinson, M., Donnan, C. T., Ferguson, H. C., Fortuni, F., Giavalisco, M., Glazebrook, K., Grazian, A., Grogin, N. A., Hathi, N., Hirschmann, M., Kartaltepe, J. S., Kewley, L. J., Kirkpatrick, A., Kocevski, D. D., Koekemoer, A. M., Leung, G., Lotz, J. M., Lucas, R. A., Magee, D. K., Marchesini, D., Mascia, S., McLeod, D. J., McLure, R. J., Nanayakkara, T., Napolitano, L., Nonino, M., Papovich, C., Pentericci, L., Pérez-González, P. G., Pirzkal, N., Ravindranath, S., Roberts-Borsani, G., Somerville, R. S., Trenti, M., Trump, J. R., Vulcani, B., Wang, X., Watson, P. J., Wilkins, S. M., Yang, G., and Yung, L. Y. A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: We present a set of photometric catalogs primarily aimed at providing the community with a comprehensive database for the study of galaxy populations in the high redshift Universe. The set gathers data from eight JWST NIRCam observational programs, targeting the Abell 2744 (GLASS-JWST, UNCOVER, DDT2756 and GO3990), EGS (CEERS), COSMOS and UDS (PRIMER), and GOODS North and South (JADES and NGDEEP) deep fields, for a total area of $\sim$0.2 sq. degrees. Photometric estimates are obtained by means of well-established techniques, including tailored improvements designed to enhance the performance on the specific dataset. We also include new measurements from HST archival data, thus collecting 16 bands spanning from 0.44 to 4.44 $\mu$m. A grand total of $\sim$530 thousand sources is detected on stacks of NIRCam 3.56 and 4.44 $\mu$m mosaics. We assess the photometric accuracy by comparing fluxes and colors against archival catalogs. We also provide photometric redshift estimates, statistically validated against a large set of robust spectroscopic data. The catalogs are publicly available on the Astrodeep website., Comment: 28 pages, 16 figures; accepted for publication on Astronomy & Astrophysics
Published: 2024
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4. Dust and Power: Unravelling the merger - active galactic nucleus connection in the second half of cosmic history

Author: La Marca, A., Margalef-Bentabol, B., Wang, L., Gao, F., Goulding, A. D., Martin, G., Rodriguez-Gomez, V., Trager, S. C., Yang, G., Davé, R., and Dubois, Y.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: Galaxy mergers represent a fundamental physical process under hierarchical structure formation, but their role in triggering AGNs is still unclear. We aim to investigate the merger-AGN connection using state-of-the-art observations and novel methods in detecting mergers and AGNs. We selected stellar mass-limited samples at redshift z<1 from KiDS, focusing on the KiDS-N-W2 field with a wide range of multi-wavelength data. Three AGN types, selected in the MIR, X-ray, and via SED modelling, were analysed. To identify mergers, we used convolutional neural networks trained on two cosmological simulations. We created mass and redshift-matched control samples of non-mergers and non-AGNs. We observe a clear AGN excess (a factor of 2-3) in mergers with respect to non-mergers for the MIR AGNs, and a mild excess for the X-ray and SED AGNs, indicating that mergers could trigger all 3 types but are more connected with the MIR AGNs. About half of the MIR AGNs are in mergers but it is unclear whether mergers are the main trigger. For the X-ray and SED AGNs, mergers are unlikely to be the dominant trigger. We also explore the relation using the continuous AGN fraction $f_{AGN}$ parameter. Mergers exhibit a clear excess of high $f_{AGN}$ values relative to non-mergers, for all AGNs. We unveil the first merger fraction $f_{merg}-f_{AGN}$ relation with two distinct regimes. When the AGN is not dominant, the relation is only mildly increasing or even flat, with the MIR AGNs showing the highest $f_{merg}$. In the regime of very dominant AGNs ($f_{AGN}\geq0.8$), $f_{merg}$ shows a steeply rising trend with increasing $f_{AGN}$ for all AGN types. These trends are also seen when plotted against AGN bolometric luminosity. We conclude that mergers are most connected with dust-obscured AGNs (linked to a fast-growing phase of the SMBH) and are the main or even the sole fuelling mechanism of the most powerful AGNs., Comment: 24 pages, 17 figures, 6 Appendix pages. Public available multi-wavelength catalogue of galaxies. Accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2024
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5. First joint oscillation analysis of Super-Kamiokande atmospheric and T2K accelerator neutrino data

Author: Super-Kamiokande, collaborations, T2K, Abe, S., Abe, K., Akhlaq, N., Akutsu, R., Alarakia-Charles, H., Ali, A., Hakim, Y. I. Alj, Monsalve, S. Alonso, Amanai, S., Andreopoulos, C., Anthony, L. H. V., Antonova, M., Aoki, S., Apte, K. A., Arai, T., Arihara, T., Arimoto, S., Asada, Y., Asaka, R., Ashida, Y., Atkin, E. T., Babu, N., Barbi, M., Barker, G. J., Barr, G., Barrow, D., Bates, P., Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M., Beauchêne, A., Berardi, V., Berns, L., Bhadra, S., Bhuiyan, N., Bian, J., Blanchet, A., Blondel, A., Bodur, B., Bolognesi, S., Bordoni, S., Boyd, S. B., Bravar, A., Bronner, C., Bubak, A., Avanzini, M. Buizza, Burton, G. T., Caballero, J. A., Calabria, N. F., Cao, S., Carabadjac, D., Carter, A. J., Cartwright, S. L., Casado, M. P., Catanesi, M. G., Cervera, A., Chakrani, J., Chalumeau, A., Chen, S., Cherdack, D., Choi, K., Chong, P. S., Chvirova, A., Cicerchia, M., Coleman, J., Collazuol, G., Cook, L., Cormier, F., Cudd, A., Dalmazzone, C., Daret, T., Dasgupta, P., Davis, C., Davydov, Yu. I., De Roeck, A., De Rosa, G., Dealtry, T., Delogu, C. C., Densham, C., Dergacheva, A., Dharmapal, R., Di Lodovico, F., Lopez, G. Diaz, Dolan, S., Douqa, D., Doyle, T. A., Drapier, O., Duffy, K. E., Dumarchez, J., Dunne, P., Dygnarowicz, K., D'ago, D., Edwards, R., Eguchi, A., Elias, J., Emery-Schrenk, S., Erofeev, G., Ershova, A., Eurin, G., Fannon, J. E. P., Fedorova, D., Fedotov, S., Feltre, M., Feng, J., Feng, L., Ferlewicz, D., Fernandez, P., Finch, A. J., Aguirre, G. A. Fiorentini, Fiorillo, G., Fitton, M. D., Patiño, J. M. Franco, Friend, M., Fujii, Y., Fujisawa, C., Fujita, S., Fukuda, Y., Furui, Y., Gao, J., Gaur, R., Giampaolo, A., Giannessi, L., Giganti, C., Glagolev, V., Goldsack, A., Gonin, M., Rosa, J. González, Goodman, E. A. G., Gorin, A., Gorshanov, K., Gousy-Leblanc, V., Grassi, M., Griskevich, N. J., Guigue, M., Hadley, D., Haigh, J. T., Han, S., Harada, M., Harris, D. A., Hartz, M., Hasegawa, T., Hassani, S., Hastings, N. C., Hayato, Y., Heitkamp, I., Henaff, D., Hill, J., Hino, Y., Hiraide, K., Hogan, M., Holeczek, J., Holin, A., Holvey, T., Van, N. T. Hong, Honjo, T., Horiuchi, S., Hosokawa, K., Hu, Z., Hu, J., Iacob, F., Ichikawa, A. K., Ieki, K., Ikeda, M., Iovine, N., Ishida, T., Ishino, H., Ishitsuka, M., Ishizuka, T., Ito, H., Itow, Y., Izmaylov, A., Izumiyama, S., Jakkapu, M., Jamieson, B., Jang, M. C., Jang, J. S., Jenkins, S. J., Jesús-Valls, C., Ji, J. Y., Jia, M., Jiang, J., Jonsson, P., Joshi, S., Jung, C. K., Jung, S., Kabirnezhad, M., Kaboth, A. C., Kajita, T., Kakuno, H., Kameda, J., Kanemura, Y., Kaneshima, R., Karpova, S., Kasetti, S. P., Kashiwagi, Y., Kasturi, V. S., Kataoka, Y., Katori, T., Kawamura, Y., Kawaue, M., Kearns, E., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Kikawa, T., Kim, S. B., King, S., Kiseeva, V., Kisiel, J., Kneale, L., Kobayashi, H., Kobayashi, T., Kobayashi, M., Koch, L., Kodama, S., Kolupanova, M., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Koshio, Y., Koto, T., Kowalik, K., Kudenko, Y., Kudo, Y., Kuribayashi, S., Kurjata, R., Kurochka, V., Kutter, T., Kuze, M., Kwon, E., La Commara, M., Labarga, L., Lachat, M., Lachner, K., Lagoda, J., Lakshmi, S. M., LamersJames, M., Langella, A., Laporte, J. -F., Last, D., Latham, N., Laveder, M., Lavitola, L., Lawe, M., Learned, J. G., Lee, Y., Lee, S. H., Silverio, D. Leon, Levorato, S., Lewis, S., Li, X., Li, W., Lin, C., Litchfield, R. P., Liu, S. L., Liu, Y. M., Long, K. R., Longhin, A., Moreno, A. Lopez, Lu, X., Ludovici, L., Lux, T., Machado, L. N., Maekawa, Y., Magaletti, L., Mahn, K., Mahtani, K. K., Malek, M., Mandal, M., Manly, S., Marino, A. D., Martens, K., Marti, Ll., Martin, D. G. R., Martin, J. F., Martin, D., Martini, M., Maruyama, T., Matsubara, T., Matsumoto, R., Mattiazzi, M., Matveev, V., Mauger, C., Mavrokoridis, K., Mazzucato, E., McCauley, N., McElwee, J. M., McFarland, K. S., McGrew, C., McKean, J., Mefodiev, A., Megias, G. D., Mehta, P., Mellet, L., Menjo, H., Metelko, C., Mezzetto, M., Migenda, J., Mijakowski, P., Miki, S., Miller, E., Minamino, A., Mine, S., Mineev, O., Mirabito, J., Miura, M., Bueno, L. Molina, Moon, D. H., Mori, M., Moriyama, S., Morrison, P., Muñoz, A., Mueller, Th. A., Munford, D., Munteanu, L., Nagai, Y., Nagai, K., Nakadaira, T., Nakagiri, K., Nakahata, M., Nakajima, Y., Nakamura, A., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, K. D., Nakamura, T., Nakanishi, F., Nakano, Y., Nakaya, T., Nakayama, S., Nakayoshi, K., Naseby, C. E. R., Ngoc, T. V., Nguyen, V. Q., Nguyen, D. T., Nicholson, M., Niewczas, K., Ninomiya, K., Nishijima, K., Nishimori, S., Nishimura, Y., Noguchi, Y., Nosek, T., Nova, F., Novella, P., Nugent, J. C., Odagawa, T., Okazaki, R., Okazawa, H., Okinaga, W., Okumura, K., Okusawa, T., Ommura, Y., Onda, N., Ospina, N., Osu, L., Oyama, Y., O'Flaherty, M., O'Keeffe, H. M., O'Sullivan, L., Périssé, L., Paganini, P., Palladino, V., Paolone, V., Pari, M., Park, R. G., Parlone, J., Pasternak, J., Payne, D., Penn, G. C., de Perio, P., Pershey, D., Pfaff, M., Pickering, L., Pintaudi, G., Pistillo, C., Pointon, B. W., Popov, B., Yrey, A. Portocarrero, Porwit, K., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Prabhu, Y. S., Prasad, H., Pronost, G., Prouse, N. W., Pupilli, F., Quilain, B., Quyen, P. T., Raaf, J. L., Radermacher, T., Radicioni, E., Radics, B., Ramirez, M. A., Ramsden, R. M., Ratoff, P. N., Reh, M., Riccio, C., Richards, B., Rogly, R., Rondio, E., Roth, S., Roy, N., Rubbia, A., Russo, L., Rychter, A., Saenz, W., Sakai, S., Sakashita, K., Samani, S., Santos, A. D., Sato, Y., Sato, K., Schefke, T., Schloesser, C. M., Scholberg, K., Scott, M., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Seo, J. W., Sgalaberna, D., Shaikhiev, A., Shi, W., Shiba, H., Shibayama, R., Shigeta, N., Shima, S., Shimamura, R., Shimizu, K., Shinoki, M., Shiozawa, M., Shiraishi, Y., Shvartsman, A., Skrobova, N., Skwarczynski, K., Smy, M. B., Smyczek, D., Sobczyk, J. T., Sobel, H. W., Soler, F. J. P., Sonoda, Y., Speers, A. J., Spina, R., Stroke, Y., Suslov, I. A., Suvorov, S., Suzuki, S., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, S. Y., Suzuki, Y., Sánchez, F., Tada, T., Tada, M., Tairafune, S., Takagi, Y., Takeda, A., Takemoto, Y., Takeuchi, Y., Takhistov, V., Takifuji, K., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, H. K., Tanigawa, H., Taniuchi, N., Tano, T., Tarrant, A., Tashiro, T., Teklu, A., Terada, K., Tereshchenko, V. V., Thamm, N., Thiesse, M. D., Thompson, L. F., Toki, W., Tomiya, T., Touramanis, C., Tsui, K. M., Tsukamoto, T., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Vagins, M. R., Vargas, D., Varghese, M., Vasseur, G., Villa, E., Vinning, W. G. S., Virginet, U., Vladisavljevic, T., Wachala, T., Wakabayashi, D., Wallace, H. T., Walsh, J. G., Walter, C. W., Wan, L., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wark, D., Wascko, M. O., Watanabe, E., Weber, A., Wendell, R. A., Wester, T., Wilking, M. J., Wilkinson, C., Wilson, S. T., Wilson, J. R., Wood, K., Wret, C., Wu, Y., Xia, J., Xie, Z., Xu, B. D., Xu, Y. -H., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, T., Yamauchi, K., Yanagisawa, C., Yang, G., Yang, B. S., Yang, J. Y., Yankelevich, A., Yano, T., Yasutome, K., Yershov, N., Yevarouskaya, U., Yokoyama, M., Yoo, J., Yoshida, T., Yoshida, S., Yoshimoto, Y., Yoshimura, N., Yoshioka, Y., Yu, M., Yu, I., Zaki, R., Zaldivar, B., Zalewska, A., Zalipska, J., Zaremba, K., Zarnecki, G., Zhang, J., Zhang, A. Q., Zhang, B., Zhao, X. Y., Zhong, H., Zhu, T., Ziembicki, M., Zimmerman, E. D., Zito, M., and Zsoldos, S.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The Super-Kamiokande and T2K collaborations present a joint measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters from their atmospheric and beam neutrino data. It uses a common interaction model for events overlapping in neutrino energy and correlated detector systematic uncertainties between the two datasets, which are found to be compatible. Using 3244.4 days of atmospheric data and a beam exposure of $19.7(16.3) \times 10^{20}$ protons on target in (anti)neutrino mode, the analysis finds a 1.9$\sigma$ exclusion of CP-conservation (defined as $J_{CP}=0$) and a preference for the normal mass ordering., Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2024

6. A Cigale module tailored (not only) for Low-Luminosity AGN

Author: López, I. E., Yang, G., Mountrichas, G., Brusa, M., Alexander, D. M., Baldi, R. D., Bertola, E., Bonoli, S., Comastri, A., Shankar, F., Acharya, N., Tetilla, A. V. Alonso, Lapi, A., Laloux, B., López, X. López, Rodríguez, I. Muñoz, Musiimenta, B., Clavijo, N. Osorio, Sala, L., and Sengupta, D.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The spectral energy distribution (SED) of low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (LLAGN) presents challenges due to their faint emissions and the complexity of their accretion processes. This study introduces a new CIGALE module tailored for LLAGN, combining the empirical $L_X$-$L_{12\mu m}$ relationship with physical models like advection-dominated accretion flows (ADAFs) and truncated accretion disks. This module yields a refined depiction of LLAGN emissions, and a mock analysis shows reliable parameter recovery, with only minor biases. We tested the module on a sample of 50 X-ray-detected local galaxies, including LINERs and Seyferts, where it demonstrated good estimation of bolometric luminosities, even in the presence of significant galaxy contamination. Notably, the previous X-ray module failed to provide AGN solutions for this sample, stressing the need for a novel approach. Comparisons with mid-luminosity AGN confirm the module's robustness and applicability to AGN up to $L_X$ < $10^{45}$ erg/s. We also expanded the X-ray to bolometric correction formula, making it applicable to AGN spanning ten orders of magnitude in luminosity, and revealing lower $k_X$ values than typically assumed. Additionally, our analysis of the $\alpha_{ox}$ index, representing the slope between UV and X-ray emissions, uncovered trends that differ from those observed in high-luminosity AGN, suggesting a shift in accretion physics and photon production mechanisms in low-luminosity regimes. These results underscore the importance of a multiwavelength approach in AGN studies and reveal distinct behaviors in LLAGN compared to quasars. Our findings significantly advance the understanding of LLAGN and offer a comprehensive framework for future research aimed at completing the census of the AGN population., Comment: Acepted for publication (A&A)
Published: 2024
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7. Design, construction, and operation of a 1-ton Water-based Liquid scintillator detector at Brookhaven National Laboratory

Author: Xiang, X., Yang, G., Andrade, S., Askins, M., Asner, D. M., Baldoni, A., Cowen, D., Diwan, M. V., Gokhale, S., Hans, S., Jerome, J., Lawley, G., Linden, S., Gann, G. D. Orebi, Reyes, C., Rosero, R., Seberg, N., Smiley, M., Speece-Moyer, N., Walsh, B., Wang, J. J., Wilking, M., and Yeh, M.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Water-based liquid scintillators (WbLS) are attractive neutrino detector materials because they allow us to tune the ratio of the Cherenkov and scintillation signals. Using WbLS large-scale neutrino experiments can benefit from both directional reconstruction and enhanced low-energy efficiency. Furthermore, broadening the science capability of such materials by metal doping may be better suited for water based liquid scintillators. We recently constructed and commissioned a 1-ton WbLS detector with good photosensor coverage and a capable data acquisition system. We intend to use this flexible detector system as a testbed for WbLS R&D. In this paper we give an overview of the 1-ton system and provide some early analysis results.
Published: 2024

8. Study on Refining Grain and Microalloying Effect of Al–5Er Master Alloy

Author: Lei, Z. G., Wen, S. P., Yang, G., Ma, J. R., Huang, H., and Nie, Z. R.
Published: 2024
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9. In-Vivo Hyperspectral Human Brain Image Database for Brain Cancer Detection

Author: Fabelo, H., Ortega, S., Szolna, A., Bulters, D., Pineiro, J. F., Kabwama, S., Shanahan, A., Bulstrode, H., Bisshopp, S., Kiran, B. R., Ravi, D., Lazcano, R., Madronal, D., Sosa, C., Espino, C., Marquez, M., Plaza, M. De la Luz, Camacho, R., Carrera, D., Hernandez, M., Callico, G. M., Morera, J., Stanciulescu, B., Yang, G. Z., Salvador, R., Juarez, E., Sanz, C., and Sarmiento, R.
Subjects: Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract: The use of hyperspectral imaging for medical applications is becoming more common in recent years. One of the main obstacles that researchers find when developing hyperspectral algorithms for medical applications is the lack of specific, publicly available, and hyperspectral medical data. The work described in this paper was developed within the framework of the European project HELICoiD (HypErspectraL Imaging Cancer Detection), which had as a main goal the application of hyperspectral imaging to the delineation of brain tumors in real-time during neurosurgical operations. In this paper, the methodology followed to generate the first hyperspectral database of in-vivo human brain tissues is presented. Data was acquired employing a customized hyperspectral acquisition system capable of capturing information in the Visual and Near InfraRed (VNIR) range from 400 to 1000 nm. Repeatability was assessed for the cases where two images of the same scene were captured consecutively. The analysis reveals that the system works more efficiently in the spectral range between 450 and 900 nm. A total of 36 hyperspectral images from 22 different patients were obtained. From these data, more than 300 000 spectral signatures were labeled employing a semi-automatic methodology based on the spectral angle mapper algorithm. Four different classes were defined: normal tissue, tumor tissue, blood vessel, and background elements. All the hyperspectral data has been made available in a public repository., Comment: 19 pages, 12 figures
Published: 2024
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10. Spatio-spectral classification of hyperspectral images for brain cancer detection during surgical operations

Author: Fabelo, H., Ortega, S., Ravi, D., Kiran, B. R., Sosa, C., Bulters, D., Callico, G. M., Bulstrode, H., Szolna, A., Pineiro, J. F., Kabwama, S., Madronal, D., Lazcano, R., OShanahan, A. J., Bisshopp, S., Hernandez, M., Baez-Quevedo, A., Yang, G. Z., Stanciulescu, B., Salvador, R., Juarez, E., and Sarmiento, R.
Subjects: Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract: Surgery for brain cancer is a major problem in neurosurgery. The diffuse infiltration into the surrounding normal brain by these tumors makes their accurate identification by the naked eye difficult. Since surgery is the common treatment for brain cancer, an accurate radical resection of the tumor leads to improved survival rates for patients. However, the identification of the tumor boundaries during surgery is challenging. Hyperspectral imaging is a noncontact, non-ionizing and non-invasive technique suitable for medical diagnosis. This study presents the development of a novel classification method taking into account the spatial and spectral characteristics of the hyperspectral images to help neurosurgeons to accurately determine the tumor boundaries in surgical-time during the resection, avoiding excessive excision of normal tissue or unintentionally leaving residual tumor. The algorithm proposed in this study to approach an efficient solution consists of a hybrid framework that combines both supervised and unsupervised machine learning methods. To evaluate the proposed approach, five hyperspectral images of surface of the brain affected by glioblastoma tumor in vivo from five different patients have been used. The final classification maps obtained have been analyzed and validated by specialists. These preliminary results are promising, obtaining an accurate delineation of the tumor area.
Published: 2024
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11. Direct WIMP detection rates for transitions in isomeric nuclei

Author: Smirnov, M. V, Yang, G., Novikov, Yu. N., Vergados, J. D., and Bonatsos, D.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: The direct detection of dark matter constituents, in particular the weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), is central to particle physics and cosmology. In this paper we study WIMP induced transitions from isomeric nuclear states for two possible isomeric candidates: $\rm^{180}Ta$ and $\rm^{166}Ho$. The experimental setup, which can measure the possible decay of $\rm^{180}Ta$ induced by WIMPs, was proposed. The corresponding estimates of the half-life of $\rm^{180}Ta$ are given in the sense that the WIMP-nucleon interaction can be interpreted as ordinary radioactive decay.
Published: 2024

12. Probing a Magnetar Origin for the population of Extragalactic Fast X-ray Transients detected by Chandra

Author: Quirola-Vásquez, J., Bauer, F. E., Jonker, P. G., Brandt, W. N., Eappachen, D., Levan, A. J., Lopez, E., Luo, B., Ravasio, M. E., Sun, H., Xue, Y. Q., Yang, G., and Zheng, X. C.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Twenty-two extragalactic fast X-ray transients (FXTs) have now been discovered from two decades of Chandra data (analyzing ~259 Ms of data), with 17 associated with distant galaxies (>100 Mpc). Different mechanisms and progenitors have been proposed to explain their properties; nevertheless, after analyzing their timing, spectral parameters, host-galaxy properties, luminosity function, and volumetric rates, their nature remains uncertain. We interpret a sub-sample of nine FXTs that show a plateau or a fast-rise light curve within the framework of a binary neutron star (BNS) merger magnetar model. We fit their light curves and derive magnetar (magnetic field and initial rotational period) and ejecta (ejecta mass and opacity) parameters. This model predicts two zones: an orientation-dependent free zone (where the magnetar spin-down X-ray photons escape freely to the observer) and a trapped zone (where the X-ray photons are initially obscured and only escape freely once the ejecta material becomes optically thin). We argue that six FXTs show properties consistent with the free zone and three FXTs with the trapped zone. This sub-sample of FXTs has a similar distribution of magnetic fields and initial rotation periods to those inferred for short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs), suggesting a possible association. We compare the predicted ejecta emission fed by the magnetar emission (called merger-nova) to the optical and near-infrared upper limits of two FXTs, XRT 141001 and XRT 210423 where contemporaneous optical observations are available. The non-detections place lower limits on the redshifts of XRT 141001 and XRT 210423 of z>1.5 and >0.1, respectively. If the magnetar remnants lose energy via gravitational waves, it should be possible to detect similar objects with the current advanced LIGO detectors out to a redshift z<0.03, while future GW detectors will be able to detect them out to z=0.5., Comment: The paper was accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Published: 2024

13. Extracting neutron skin from elastic proton-nucleus scattering with deep neural network

Author: Yang, G. H., Kuang, Y., Yang, Z. X., and Li, Z. P.
Subjects: Nuclear Theory
Abstract: Based on the relativistic impulse approximation of proton-nucleus elastic scattering theory, the nucleon density distribution and neutron skin thickness of $^{48}$Ca are estimated via the deep learning method. The neural-network-generated densities are mainly compressed to be lower inside the nucleus compared with the results from the relativistic PC-PK1 density functional, resulting in a significant improvement on the large-angle scattering observables, both for the differential cross section and analyzing power. The neutron skin thickness of $^{48}$Ca is captured to be 0.211(11) fm. The relatively thicker neutron skin is deemed reasonable from the perspective of density functional analysis.
Published: 2023

14. X-ray luminosity-star formation rate scaling relation: Constraints from the eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS)

Author: Riccio, G., Yang, G., Małek, Boquien, M., Junais, Pistis, F., Hamed, M., Grespan, M., Paolillo, M., and Torbaniuk, O.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We present measurements of the relation between X-ray luminosity and star formation activity for a sample of normal galaxies spanning the redshift range between 0 and 0.25. We use data acquired by SRG/eROSITA for the performance and verification phase program called eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS). The eFEDS galaxies are observed in the 0.2-2.3 keV band. Making use of a wide range of ancillary data, spanning from the ultraviolet (UV) to mid-infrared wavelengths (MIR), we estimated the star formation rate (SFR) and stellar mass ($M_{star}$) of 888 galaxies, using Code Investigating GALaxy Emission (CIGALE). We divided our sample of normal galaxies in star-forming (SFGs) and quiescent galaxies according to their position on the main sequence. We confirm a linear correlation between the X-ray luminosity and the SFR for our sample of SFGs, as shown previously in the literature. However, we find this relation to be strongly biased by the completeness limit of the eFEDS survey. Correcting for completeness, we find the fitted relation to be consistent with the literature. We also investigated the relation between X-ray emission from both LMXBs and HMXBs populations with $M_{star}$ and SFR, respectively. Correcting for completeness, we find our fitted relation to considerably scatter from the literature relation at high specific SFR ($SFR/M_{star}$). We conclude that without accounting for X-ray non-detections, it is not possible to employ eFEDS data to study the redshift evolution of the LMXBs and HMXBs contributions due to completeness issues. Furthermore, we find our sources to largely scatter from the expected Lx/SFR vs specific SFR relation at high redshift. We discuss the dependence of the scatter on the stellar mass, metallicity, or the globular cluster content of the galaxy., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2023
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15. Leonurine Improves Age-Dependent Impaired Angiogenesis: Possible Involvement of Mitochondrial Function and HIF-1α Dependent VEGF Activation

Author: Jia Qi, Jing J. Wang, Jun L. Duan, Zhao Y. Lu, and Yang G. Yuan
Subjects: leonurine, mitochondrial dysfunction, angiogenesis, hindlimb ischemia, age, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Objective: Advanced age is associated with impaired angiogenesis in part because of mitochondrial dysfunction. We have recently reported that leonurine exerts protective effects in neuron via regulation of mitochondrial function. The aim of this study was to explore whether leonurine is able to attenuate mitochondrial dysfunction and to enhance angiogenesis in old rats with hindlimb ischemia.Methods and Results: At day 14 after surgery, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression was decreased in the ischemic muscle of aged animals, which was accompanied by enhanced oxidative stress, increased mitochondrial damage, decreased capillary density, and reduced limb perfusion compared with young mice. Importantly, these effects were inhibited by leonurine treatment in old animals. In vitro, we showed that the functional activities (migration and tube formation) of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were significantly impaired in senescent compared to young. However, leonurine rescued HUVECs functional activities in senescent HUVECs. Mechanistically, we found that leonurine restored the age-dependent reduction in HIF activity and subsequent reduced VEGF expression in senescent HUVECs. Moreover, the mitochondrial oxidative stress was significantly augmented in senescent HUVECs, in association with reduced mitochondrial function. However, leonurine significantly reduced the mitochondrial oxidative stress and restored the mitochondrial membrane potential.Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that leonurine protects against age-dependent impairment of angiogenesis possibly through attenuation of mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequent VEGF up-regulation impairment.
Published: 2017
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16. Measurements of the $\nu_{\mu}$ and $\bar{\nu}_{\mu}$-induced Coherent Charged Pion Production Cross Sections on $^{12}C$ by the T2K experiment

Author: Abe, K., Akhlaq, N., Akutsu, R., Ali, A., Monsalve, S. Alonso, Alt, C., Andreopoulos, C., Antonova, M., Aoki, S., Arihara, T., Asada, Y., Ashida, Y., Atkin, E. T., Barbi, M., Barker, G. J., Barr, G., Barrow, D., Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M., Berardi, V., Berns, L., Bhadra, S., Blanchet, A., Blondel, A., Bolognesi, S., Bonus, T., Bordoni, S., Boyd, S. B., Bravar, A., Bronner, C., Bron, S., Bubak, A., Avanzini, M. Buizza, Caballero, J. A., Calabria, N. F., Cao, S., Carabadjac, D., Carter, A. J., Cartwright, S. L., Casado, M. P., Catanesi, M. G., Cervera, A., Chakrani, J., Cherdack, D., Chong, P. S., Christodoulou, G., Chvirova, A., Cicerchia, M., Coleman, J., Collazuol, G., Cook, L., Cudd, A., Dalmazzone, C., Daret, T., Davydov, Yu. I., De Roeck, A., De Rosa, G., Dealtry, T., Delogu, C. C., Densham, C., Dergacheva, A., Di Lodovico, F., Dolan, S., Douqa, D., Doyle, T. A., Drapier, O., Dumarchez, J., Dunne, P., Dygnarowicz, K., Eguchi, A., Emery-Schrenk, S., Erofeev, G., Ershova, A., Eurin, G., Fedorova, D., Fedotov, S., Feltre, M., Finch, A. J., Aguirre, G. A. Fiorentini, Fiorillo, G., Fitton, M. D., Patiño, J. M. Franco, Friend, M., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, Y., Furui, Y., Giannessi, L., Giganti, C., Glagolev, V., Gonin, M., Rosa, J. González, Goodman, E. A. G., Gorin, A., Grassi, M., Guigue, M., Hadley, D. R., Haigh, J. T., Hamacher-Baumann, P., Harris, D. A., Hartz, M., Hasegawa, T., Hassani, S., Hastings, N. C., Hayato, Y., Henaff, D., Hogan, M., Holeczek, J., Holin, A., Holvey, T., Van, N. T. Hong, Honjo, T., Ichikawa, A. K., Ikeda, M., Ishida, T., Ishitsuka, M., Israel, H. T., Izmaylov, A., Jakkapu, M., Jamieson, B., Jenkins, S. J., Jesús-Valls, C., Jiang, J. J., Ji, J. Y., Jonsson, P., Joshi, S., Jung, C. K., Jurj, P. B., Kabirnezhad, M., Kaboth, A. C., Kajita, T., Kakuno, H., Kameda, J., Kasetti, S. P., Kataoka, Y., Katori, T., Kawaue, M., Kearns, E., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Kikawa, T., King, S., Kiseeva, V., Kisiel, J., Kobayashi, H., Kobayashi, T., Koch, L., Kodama, S., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Koshio, Y., Koto, T., Kowalik, K., Kudenko, Y., Kudo, Y., Kuribayashi, S., Kurjata, R., Kutter, T., Kuze, M., La Commara, M., Labarga, L., Lachner, K., Lagoda, J., Lakshmi, S. M., James, M. Lamers, Lamoureux, M., Langella, A., Laporte, J. -F., Last, D., Latham, N., Laveder, M., Lavitola, L., Lawe, M., Lee, Y., Lin, C., Lin, S. -K., Litchfield, R. P., Liu, S. L., Li, W., Longhin, A., Long, K. R., Moreno, A. Lopez, Ludovici, L., Lu, X., Lux, T., Machado, L. N., Magaletti, L., Mahn, K., Malek, M., Mandal, M., Manly, S., Marino, A. D., Marti-Magro, L., Martin, D. G. R., Martini, M., Martin, J. F., Maruyama, T., Matsubara, T., Matveev, V., Mauger, C., Mavrokoridis, K., Mazzucato, E., McCauley, N., McElwee, J., McFarland, K. S., McGrew, C., McKean, J., Mefodiev, A., Megias, G. D., Mehta, P., Mellet, L., Metelko, C., Mezzetto, M., Miller, E., Minamino, A., Mineev, O., Mine, S., Miura, M., Bueno, L. Molina, Moriyama, S., Morrison, P., Mueller, Th. A., Munford, D., Munteanu, L., Nagai, K., Nagai, Y., Nakadaira, T., Nakagiri, K., Nakahata, M., Nakajima, Y., Nakamura, A., Nakamura, H., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, K. D., Nakano, Y., Nakayama, S., Nakaya, T., Nakayoshi, K., Naseby, C. E. R., Ngoc, T. V., Nguyen, V. Q., Niewczas, K., Nishimori, S., Nishimura, Y., Nishizaki, K., Nosek, T., Nova, F., Novella, P., Nugent, J. C., O'Keeffe, H. M., O'Sullivan, L., Odagawa, T., Okinaga, W., Okumura, K., Okusawa, T., Ospina, N., Oyama, Y., Palladino, V., Paolone, V., Pari, M., Parlone, J., Pasternak, J., Pavin, M., Payne, D., Penn, G. C., Pershey, D., Pickering, L., Pidcott, C., Pintaudi, G., Pistillo, C., Popov, B., Porwit, K., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Prabhu, Y. S., Pupilli, F., Quilain, B., Radermacher, T., Radicioni, E., Radics, B., Ramírez, M. A., Ratoff, P. N., Reh, M., Riccio, C., Rondio, E., Roth, S., Roy, N., Rubbia, A., Ruggeri, A. C., Ruggles, C. A., Rychter, A., Sakashita, K., Sánchez, F., Schloesser, C. M., Scholberg, K., Scott, M., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Sgalaberna, D., Shaikhiev, A., Shaker, F., Shiozawa, M., Shorrock, W., Shvartsman, A., Skrobova, N., Skwarczynski, K., Smyczek, D., Smy, M., Sobczyk, J. T., Sobel, H., Soler, F. J. P., Sonoda, Y., Speers, A. J., Spina, R., Suslov, I. A., Suvorov, S., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, S. Y., Suzuki, Y., Tada, M., Tairafune, S., Takayasu, S., Takeda, A., Takeuchi, Y., Takifuji, K., Tanaka, H. K., Tani, M., Teklu, A., Tereshchenko, V. V., Thamm, N., Thompson, L. F., Toki, W., Touramanis, C., Towstego, T., Tsui, K. M., Tsukamoto, T., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Vagins, M., Vargas, D., Varghese, M., Vasseur, G., Vilela, C., Villa, E., Vinning, W. G. S., Virginet, U., Vladisavljevic, T., Wachala, T., Walsh, J. G., Wang, Y., Wan, L., Wark, D., Wascko, M. O., Weber, A., Wendell, R., Wilking, M. J., Wilkinson, C., Wilson, J. R., Wood, K., Wret, C., Xia, J., Xu, Y. -h., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, T., Yanagisawa, C., Yang, G., Yano, T., Yasutome, K., Yershov, N., Yevarouskaya, U., Yokoyama, M., Yoshimoto, Y., Yoshimura, N., Yu, M., Zaki, R., Zalewska, A., Zalipska, J., Zaremba, K., Zarnecki, G., Zhao, X., Zhu, T., Ziembicki, M., Zimmerman, E. D., Zito, M., and Zsoldos, S.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We report an updated measurement of the $\nu_{\mu}$-induced, and the first measurement of the $\bar{\nu}_{\mu}$-induced coherent charged pion production cross section on $^{12}C$ nuclei in the T2K experiment. This is measured in a restricted region of the final-state phase space for which $p_{\mu,\pi} > 0.2$ GeV, $\cos(\theta_{\mu}) > 0.8$ and $\cos(\theta_{\pi}) > 0.6$, and at a mean (anti)neutrino energy of 0.85 GeV using the T2K near detector. The measured $\nu_{\mu}$ CC coherent pion production flux-averaged cross section on $^{12}C$ is $(2.98 \pm 0.37 (stat.) \pm 0.31 (syst.) \substack{ +0.49 \\ -0.00 } \mathrm{ (Q^2\,model)}) \times 10^{-40}~\mathrm{cm}^{2}$. The new measurement of the $\bar{\nu}_{\mu}$-induced cross section on $^{12}{C}$ is $(3.05 \pm 0.71 (stat.) \pm 0.39 (syst.) \substack{ +0.74 \\ -0.00 } \mathrm{(Q^2\,model)}) \times 10^{-40}~\mathrm{cm}^{2}$. The results are compatible with both the NEUT 5.4.0 Berger-Sehgal (2009) and GENIE 2.8.0 Rein-Sehgal (2007) model predictions.
Published: 2023

17. SN 2022joj: A Potential Double Detonation with a Thin Helium shell

Author: Gonzalez, E. Padilla, Howell, D. A., Terreran, G., McCully, C., Newsome, M., Burke, J., Farah, J., Pellegrino, C., Bostroem, K. A., Hosseinzadeh, G., Pearson, J., Sand, D. J., Shrestha, M., Smith, N., Dong, Y., Retamal, N. Meza, Valenti, S., Boos, S., Shen, K. J., Townsley, D., Galbany, L., Piscarreta, L., Foley, R. J., Bustamante-Rosell, M. J., Coulter, D. A., Chornock, R., Davis, K. W., Dickinson, C. B., Jones, D. O., Kutcka, J., Saux, X. K. Le, Rojas-Bravo, C. R., Taggart, K., Tinyanont, S., Yang, G., Jha, S. W., and Margutti, R.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: We present photometric and spectroscopic data for SN 2022joj, a nearby peculiar Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) with a fast decline rate ($\rm{\Delta m_{15,B}=1.4}$ mag). SN 2022joj shows exceedingly red colors, with a value of approximately ${B-V \approx 1.1}$ mag during its initial stages, beginning from $11$ days before maximum brightness. As it evolves the flux shifts towards the blue end of the spectrum, approaching ${B-V \approx 0}$ mag around maximum light. Furthermore, at maximum light and beyond, the photometry is consistent with that of typical SNe Ia. This unusual behavior extends to its spectral characteristics, which initially displayed a red spectrum and later evolved to exhibit greater consistency with typical SNe Ia. We consider two potential explanations for this behavior: double detonation from a helium shell on a sub-Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf and Chandrasekhar-mass models with a shallow distribution of $\rm{^{56}Ni}$. The shallow nickel models could not reproduce the red colors in the early light curves. Spectroscopically, we find strong agreement between SN 2022joj and double-detonation models with white dwarf masses around 1 $\rm{M_{\odot}}$ and thin He-shell between 0.01 and 0.02 $\rm{M_{\odot}}$. Moreover, the early red colors are explained by line-blanketing absorption from iron-peak elements created by the double detonation scenario in similar mass ranges. However, the nebular spectra composition in SN 2022joj deviates from expectations for double detonation, as we observe strong [Fe III] emission instead of [Ca II] lines as anticipated from double detonation models. More detailed modeling, e.g., including viewing angle effects, is required to test if double detonation models can explain the nebular spectra.
Published: 2023

18. Magneto-transport and electronic structures in MoSi$_2$ bulks and thin films with different orientations

Author: Afzal, W., Yun, F., Li, Z., Yue, Z., Zhao, W., Sang, L., Yang, G., He, Y., Peleckis, G., Fuhrer, M., and Wang, X.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract: We report a comprehensive study of magneto-transport properties in MoSi$_2$ bulk and thin films. Textured MoSi$_2$ thin films of around 70 nm were deposited on silicon substrates with different orientations. Giant magnetoresistance of 1000% was observed in sintered bulk samples while MoSi$_2$ single crystals exhibit a magnetoresistance (MR) value of 800% at low temperatures. At the low temperatures, the MR of the textured thin films show weak anti-localization behaviour owing to the spin orbit coupling effects. Our first principle calculation show the presence of surface states in this material. The resistivity of all the MoSi$_2$ thin films is significantly low and nearly independent of the temperature, which is important for electronic devices.
Published: 2023

19. The incidence of AGN in galaxies with different stellar population ages

Author: Ni, Q., Aird, J., Merloni, A., Birchall, K. L., Buchner, J., Salvato, M., and Yang, G.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: It has been argued that recycled gas from stellar mass loss in galaxies might serve as an important fuelling source for black holes (BHs) in their centers. Utilizing spectroscopic samples of galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) at $z = 0-0.35$ and the Large Early Galaxy Astrophysics Census (LEGA-C) survey at $z = 0.6-1$ that have X-ray coverage from XMM-Newton or Chandra, we test this stellar mass loss fuelling scenario by investigating how AGN activity and BH growth vary with the break strength at 4000 $\r{A}$, $\rm D_{n}4000$ (which is closely related to the age of stellar populations), as younger galaxies are considered to have higher stellar mass loss rates. We found that when controlling for host-galaxy properties, the fraction of log $L_{\rm X}$/$M_\star$ > 32 (which roughly corresponds to Eddington ratios $\gtrsim 1$%) AGN and sample-averaged black hole accretion rate ($\rm \overline{BHAR}$) decrease with $\rm D_{n}4000$ among $\rm D_{n}4000$ $\lesssim$ 1.9 galaxies, suggesting a higher level of AGN activity among younger galaxies, which supports the stellar mass loss fuelling scenario. For the oldest and most massive galaxies at $z = 0-0.35$, this decreasing trend is not present anymore. We found that, among these most massive galaxies at low redshift, the fraction of low specific-accretion-rate (31 $<$ log $L_{\rm X}$/$M_\star$ $<$ 32) AGNs increases with $\rm D_{n}4000$, which may be associated with additional fuelling from hot halo gas and/or enhanced accretion capability., Comment: 24 pages, 28 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Published: 2023
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20. The relation of cosmic environment and morphology with the star formation and stellar populations of AGN and non-AGN galaxies

Author: Mountrichas, G., Yang, G., Buat, V., Darvish, B., Boquien, M., Ni, Q., Burgarella, D., and Ciesla, L.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: In this work, we study the relation of cosmic environment and morphology with the star-formation (SF) and the stellar population of galaxies. Most importantly, we examine if this relation differs for systems with active and non-active supermassive black holes. For that purpose, we use 551 X-ray detected active galactic nuclei (AGN) and 16,917 non-AGN galaxies in the COSMOS-Legacy survey, for which the surface-density field measurements are available. The sources lie at redshift of $\rm 0.343$) and non-AGN galaxies have similar SFR. We, also, examine the stellar populations and the morphology of the sources in different cosmic fields. For the same morphological type, non-AGN galaxies tend to have older stellar populations and are less likely to have undergone a recent burst in denser environments compared to their field counterparts. The differences in the stellar populations with the density field are, mainly, driven by quiescent systems. Moreover, low L$_X$ AGN present negligible variations of their stellar populations, in all cosmic environments, whereas moderate L$_X$ AGN have, on average, younger stellar populations and are more likely to have undergone a recent burst, in high density fields. Finally, in the case of non-AGN galaxies, the fraction of bulge-dominated (BD) systems increases with the density field, while BD AGN are scarce in denser environments. Our results are consistent with a scenario in which a common mechanism, such as mergers, triggers both the SF and the AGN activity., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A. 10 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
Published: 2023
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21. Maternal and Neonatal Perinatal Outcomes of Singleton Pregnancies in Advanced-Age Women Undergoing IVF/ICSI-ET Compared with Spontaneous Conception: A Retrospective Propensity Score Matched Cohort Study

Author: Mao J, Yang G, Su Q, Zeng Z, Lin J, Kong L, Zhang L, Liu L, Yang Y, and Wu H
Subjects: in-vitro fertilization, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, advanced maternal age, maternal outcomes, neonatal outcomes, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Jingxia Mao,1,2,&ast; Guibo Yang,1,3,&ast; Qin Su,1,4,&ast; Zhonghong Zeng,1 Jueying Lin,2 Lin Kong,3 Lidun Zhang,4 Lidan Liu,1 Yihua Yang,1 Hongbo Wu1 1Guangxi Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Obstetrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Obstetrics, The Maternity and Child Health Care of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Obstetrics, The First People’s Hospital of Yulin, Yulin, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hongbo Wu; Yihua Yang, Guangxi Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China, Email 19587200@qq.com; workyyh@163.comObjective: To assess the safety and efficiency of in vitro fertilization/ intracytoplasmic sperm injection and embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET) on maternal and neonatal perinatal outcomes in women (≥ 40y) with singleton pregnancies.Methods: This multi-center retrospective cohort study, carried out from January 2018 to June 2023, enrolled 1762 women (≥ 40y) with singleton pregnancies of at least 28 weeks. Participants were divided into two groups: the IVF/ICSI-ET group (204 cases) and the spontaneous conception (SC) group (1558 cases). After 1:2 propensity score matching (PSM), the two groups were compared for maternal and neonatal outcomes. The SC group (1558 cases) was further divided by age into the < 43 years group (1195 cases) and the ≥ 43 years group (363 cases) for subgroup analysis.Results: Adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes were comparable between the IVF/ICSI-ET group and the SC group, with a higher cesarean section rate (78% vs 67.5%, P =0.013), an increased maternal ICU admissions rate (5.5% vs 1.3%, P =0.008), and a lower birth defects rate (1.1% vs 4.6%, P =0.037) in the IVF/ICSI-ET group. Subgroup analysis showed that women aged ≥ 43 years had higher incidences of gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, cesarean section, and neonatal asphyxia compared to women aged < 43 years.Conclusion: This study indicated IVF/ICSI-ET is relatively safe for women ≥ 40 years with singleton pregnancies. However, advanced maternal age deteriorated maternal and neonatal outcomes, and IVF/ICSI-ET further heightened the risk of cesarean section and maternal ICU admissions. Therefore, enhanced care and vigilance are crucial for women over 40 undergoing IVF/ICSI-ET.Keywords: in-vitro fertilization, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, advanced maternal age, maternal outcomes, neonatal outcomes
Published: 2024

22. Atractylenolide-I Ameliorates Motor Deficits and Reduces Inflammation of the Spinal Cord by SIRT1/PGC-1α Pathway in MPTP Subacute Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease

Author: Gao Y, Li S, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Zhang S, Zuo L, and Yang G
Subjects: parkinson’s disease, atractylenolide-i, spinal cord, inflammation, sirt1, pgc‑1α, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract: Ya Gao,1 Shuyue Li,1 Jian Zhang,1 Yidan Zhang,1 Yuan Zhao,1 Shuming Zhang,2 Lujie Zuo,3 Guofeng Yang1 1Department of Geriatrics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Fuping County Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, 073200, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Guofeng Yang, Department of Geriatrics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of China, Email yanggf@hebmu.edu.cnBackground: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative movement disorder that impacts various systems, including the substantia nigra (SN) par compacta (SNpc) and extranigral regions like the spinal cord. The presence of persistent inflammation in the SN and spinal cord is associated with movement difficulties in PD. Atractylenolide-I (ATR-I) is a natural sesquiterpene recognized for its anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. This research aimed to assess the impact of ATR-I treatment on motor function and inflammation in MPTP-induced subacute PD mice, particularly focusing on the role of ATR-I in spinal cord inflammation.Methods: The motor functions of the mice were assessed using suspension and gait tests. Dopaminergic neuronal loss in the SNpc and microglial activation in both the SNpc and spinal cord were evaluated through immunofluorescence staining. The levels of inflammatory mediators in the spinal cord were measured using RT-qPCR analysis. The expressions of SIRT1 and PGC-1α in the spinal cord were analyzed through Western blotting and RT-qPCR.Results: ATR-I treatment improved motor deficits in MPTP-induced mice. Moreover, ATR-I reduced the loss of dopamine neurons and microglial activation in the SNpc of MPTP-induced mice. Additionally, ATR-I suppressed spinal cord inflammation by decreasing microglial activation and the mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and iNOS in MPTP-induced mice. Interestingly, ATR-I also upregulated SIRT1 and PGC-1α levels in the spinal cord of MPTP-induced mice.Conclusion: These findings suggest that ATR-I exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties in PD. The attenuation of spinal cord inflammation via the SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway may contribute to enhancing motor function, highlighting ATR-I as a potential therapeutic avenue for PD.Keywords: Parkinson’s disease, atractylenolide-I, spinal cord, inflammation, SIRT1, PGC‑1&#x03B1
Published: 2024

23. A Case Report of Frontal Sinus Abscess Complicated by Epidural Abscess with a Literature Review

Author: Yang G, Zhang J, Liu Q, and Chai E
Subjects: sinusitis, frontal sinus abscess, intracranial infection, epidural abscess, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract: Guangming Yang,1,&ast; Jian Zhang,2,&ast; Qian Liu,2 Erqing Chai2 1The First Clinical School of Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730000, People’s Republic of China; 2Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730000, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Erqing Chai, Email 18809407241@163.comAbstract: Inflammation of the frontal sinus is a relatively common clinical condition among paranasal sinusitis and is curable through anti-infection treatments, with a rare progression to frontal sinus abscess. An even rarer complication is the development of intracranial epidural empyema secondary to frontal sinus abscess. In this report, we describe a case of a 14-year-old male with a frontal sinus abscess that led to intracranial infection and was complicated by an epidural abscess misdiagnosed as an epidural hematoma. The primary symptoms were headache, dizziness, and fever. Following combined antibiotic therapy and surgical intervention, including maxillary and frontal sinus window drainage, the patient was cured. A follow-up period of three months showed no recurrence, indicating a favorable outcome.Keywords: sinusitis, frontal sinus abscess, intracranial infection, epidural abscess
Published: 2024

24. Nanocarrier-Assisted Delivery of Berberine Promotes Diabetic Alveolar Bone Regeneration by Scavenging ROS and Improving Mitochondrial Dysfunction

Author: Ming Y, He X, Zhao Z, Meng X, Zhu Y, Tan H, Yang G, Hu Y, and Zheng L
Subjects: berberine, electrospun nanofibrous membrane, diabetes mellitus, alveolar bone remodeling, autophagy flux, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Ye Ming,1– 3,&ast; Xinyi He,1– 3,&ast; Zhenxing Zhao,1– 3,&ast; Xuehuan Meng,1– 3 Ye Zhu,1– 3 Hao Tan,1– 3 Guoyin Yang,1– 3 Yun Hu,1– 3 Leilei Zheng1– 3 1College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 2Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 3Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yun Hu; Leilei Zheng, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 23 88860151 ; +86 23 88860161, Email 500188@hospital.cqmu.edu.cn; zhengleileicqmu@hospital.cqmu.edu.cnPurpose: Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are potential contributors to the compromised tissue regeneration capacity of alveolar bone in diabetic patients. Berberine, an active plant alkaloid, exhibits multiple pharmacological effects including antioxidation, blood glucose- and blood lipid-lowering properties. However, it remains uncertain whether berberine can improve impaired osteogenesis in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and its poor solubility and oral bioavailability also constrain its applications in bone regeneration. Thus, our study aimed to probe the effects of berberine on bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) in a diabetic microenvironment, with a greater emphasis on developing a suitable nano-delivery system for berberine and assessing its capability to repair diabetic alveolar bone defects.Methods: Firstly, BMSCs were exposed to berberine within a high glucose and palmitate (HG+PA) environment. Reactive oxygen species levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP generation, cell apoptosis, and osteogenic potential were subsequently assessed. Next, we explored the regulatory mechanism of autophagy flux in the positive effects of berberine. Furthermore, a nanocarrier based on emulsion electrospinning for sustained local delivery of berberine (Ber@SF/PCL) was established. We assessed its capacity to enhance bone healing in the alveolar bone defect of T2DM rats through micro-computed tomography and histology analysis.Results: Berberine treatment could inhibit reactive oxygen species overproduction, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, and improve osteogenesis differentiation by restoring autophagy flux under HG+PA conditions. Notably, Ber@SF/PCL electrospun nanofibrous membrane with excellent physicochemical properties and good biological safety had the potential to promote alveolar bone remodeling in T2DM rats.Conclusion: Our study shed new lights into the protective role of berberine on BMSCs under T2DM microenvironment. Furthermore, berberine-loaded composite electrospun membrane may serve as a promising approach for regenerating alveolar bone in diabetic patients.Keywords: berberine, electrospun nanofibrous membrane, diabetes mellitus, alveolar bone remodeling, autophagy flux
Published: 2024

25. Assessment of Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease and Severity by Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Imaging

Author: Wu H, Yang G, Zhang S, Luo J, Zhou P, and Chen Y
Subjects: coronary heart disease, coronary artery stenosis, computed tomography angiography, risk factors, computed tomography fractional flow reserve, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Huaqiong Wu,1,&ast; Guifen Yang,2,&ast; Shaohua Zhang,2 Jinxiang Luo,1 Pei Zhou,1 Yuhua Chen1 1Department of Radiodiagnosis, Central War Zone General Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, Central War Zone General Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shaohua Zhang, Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, Central War Zone General Hospital of Wuhan, No. 627, Wuluo Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8618062579072, Email zhangshaohua1258@163.com Jinxiang Luo, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Central War Zone General Hospital of Wuhan, No. 627, Wuluo Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8602750773333, Email luojinxiang2020@21cn.comObjective: To investigate the correlation between risk factors for coronary stenosis and the degree of coronary artery stenosis based on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA).Methods: Two hundred seventy-eight patients with coronary artery disease who received treatment in our hospital between January 2020 and January 2021 were selected as the experimental group, and 100 healthy people who received physical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group (age and gender matched with the study group). The clinical data and CCTA data of the two groups of patients were collected and compared. Computed tomography fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) values were calculated based on the CCTA data of the patients in the study group, risk factors for coronary artery stenosis were analysed and the correlation between the risk factors and CT flow reserve fraction was explored.Results: The serum total bilirubin (BIL), apolipoprotein A (apoA), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), uric acid, total cholesterol (TC) and mean platelet volume levels were higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that LDL-C, uric acid, TC, triglyceride, serum total BIL and apoA were independent risk factors for coronary heart disease (P < 0.05). Serum total BIL (r = 0.27), apoA (r = − 0.30), uric acid (r = − 0.48), TC (r = − 0.35), triglyceride (r = − 0.73) and LDL-C (r = − 0.65) showed a negative correlation with FFRCT values (P < 0.05). A positive correlation was detected between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and FFRCT values (r = 0.37, P < 0.05).Conclusion: Triglycerides, LDL-C, uric acid, TC, serum total BIL and apoA are risk factors for coronary artery stenosis that should be closely monitored and receive active intervention in clinical practice.Keywords: coronary heart disease, coronary artery stenosis, computed tomography angiography, risk factors, computed tomography fractional flow reserve
Published: 2024

26. Cinobufagin Suppresses Lipid Peroxidation and Inflammation in Osteoporotic Mice by Promoting the Delivery of miR-3102-5p by Macrophage-Derived Exosomes

Author: Geng Z, Sun T, Yu J, Wang N, Jiang Q, Wang P, Yang G, Li Y, Ding Y, Zhang J, Lin G, and Zhao Y
Subjects: osteoporosis, cinobufagin, exosomes, mir-3102-5p, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Zixiang Geng,1,2,&ast; Tiancheng Sun,1,2,&ast; Jie Yu,1,2,&ast; Ning Wang,1,2 Qiang Jiang,1,2 Peige Wang,1,2 Guangyue Yang,1,2 Yifei Li,3 Yue Ding,4 Jiange Zhang,5 Guoqiang Lin,5 Yongfang Zhao1,2 1Shi’s Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People’s Republic of China; 2Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People’s Republic of China; 3Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People’s Republic of China; 4School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People’s Republic of China; 5The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional, Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zixiang Geng, Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Email gengzx@foxmail.com Yongfang Zhao, Shi’s Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People’s Republic of China, Email zhaoyongfang@shutcm.edu.cnBackground: Cinobufagin, the primary active compound in toad venom, is commonly used for anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic purposes. However, its specific bone-protective effects remain uncertain. This research aims to ascertain the bone-protective properties of cinobufagin and investigate underlying mechanisms.Methods: Mice were ovariectomized to establish an osteoporosis model, followed by intraperitoneal injections of cinobufagin and cinobufagin-treated RAW.264.7-derived exosomes for therapy. MicroCT, HE staining, and TRAP staining were employed to evaluate bone mass and therapeutic outcomes, while mRNA sequencing and immunoblotting were utilized to assess markers of bone metabolism, inflammation, and lipid peroxidation. Osteoblast and osteoclast precursor cells were differentiated to observe the impact of cinobufagin-treated exosomes derived from RAW264.7 cells on bone metabolism. Exosomes characteristics were studied using transmission electron microscopy and particle size analysis, and miRNA binding targets in exosomes were determined by luciferase reporting.Results: In ovariectomized mice, cinobufagin and cinobufagin-treated exosomes from RAW264.7 cells increased trabecular bone density and mass in the femur, while also decreasing inflammation and lipid peroxidation. The effect was reversed by an exosomes inhibitor. In vitro experiments revealed that cinobufagin-treated exosomes from RAW264.7 cells enhanced osteogenic and suppressed osteoclast differentiation, possibly linked to Upregulated miR-3102-5p in RAW-derived exosomes. MiR-3102-5p targets the 3′UTR region of alox15, thereby suppressing its expression and reducing the lipid peroxidation process in osteoblasts.Conclusion: Overall, this study clarified cinobufagin’s bone-protective effects and revealed that cinobufagin can enhance the delivery of miR-3102-5p targeting alox15 through macrophage-derived exosomes, demonstrating anti-lipid peroxidation and anti-inflammatory effects. Keywords: osteoporosis, cinobufagin, exosomes, miR-3102-5p
Published: 2024

27. Effects of Rehabilitation Training on Cognitive Function in Parkinson’s Disease with Subjective Cognitive Decline

Author: Wen S, Yang G, Xu S, Zhang M, Liu Y, and Pan Y
Subjects: parkinson's disease, subjective cognitive decline，scd, semantic fluency, rehabilitation training, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract: Shirong Wen,1 Guang Yang,2 Sijia Xu,3 Mingsha Zhang,4 Yan Liu,5 Yujun Pan1 1Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China; 4State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Health Statistic, School of Public Health of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yujun Pan; Yan Liu, Email yujunpan@ems.hrbmu.edu.cn; liuyan@ems.hrbmu.edu.cnPurpose: To characterize Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and its progression, as well as to assess the impact of rehabilitation training programs on cognitive function in PD patients.Patients and Methods: The study involved 42 patients diagnosed with PD. Participants underwent evaluation using a neuropsychological protocol and were subsequently classified into two groups: those with SCD (PD-SCD+, n= 22) or those without (PD-SCD−, n= 20). After an average follow-up period of 3.0 years (2.7– 4.6 years), cognitive assessments were reiterated with the same group of subjects. Following the re-assessment, all 42 patients participated in a six-month rehabilitation training program, concluding with the reevaluation of cognitive performance.Results: In the follow-up assessment, it was observed that PD-SCD+ experienced a more pronounced annual decline in cognitive function, as measured by the Chinese-Beijing version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (BJ-MoCA) test and semantic fluency, compared to PD-SCD−. A stepwise logistic regression analysis identified low MMSE scores (P< 0.001), elevated HAMD scores (P= 0.008), male gender (P= 0.026), and the presence of SCD (P= 0.022) associated with diminished language skills in PD patients. Both groups of PD patients exhibited improvements in BJ-MoCA scores after participating a six-month rehabilitation training program. Particularly notable is the statistically significant improvement in language skills observed in patients with PD-SCD+ compared to PD-SCD− patients following rehabilitation training.Conclusion: As PD progresses, individuals with PD-SCD+ tend to experience more pronounced cognitive decline compared to those with PD-SCD−. Semantic fluency emerges as a crucial component for assessing the cognitive subset of PD, potentially serving as an indicator of cognitive decline in individuals with PD. Evidence suggests that rehabilitation training is a viable intervention for individuals diagnosed with PD. This intervention not only improves various cognitive domains but also leads to more substantial enhancements in language skills.Keywords: Parkinson’s disease, subjective cognitive decline, SCD, semantic fluency, rehabilitation training
Published: 2024

28. Chimeric Antigen-LgDNA Nanoparticles Attenuate Airway Th2 Polarization

Author: Chen R, Zou H, Ye X, Xie B, Zhang A, Mo L, Liu Y, Zhang H, Yang G, and Yang P
Subjects: airway allergy, t cell, therapy, vaccine, nanoparticle, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Ruien Chen,1,&ast; Huamei Zou,1,&ast; Xiuwen Ye,1,&ast; Bailing Xie,2 Aizhi Zhang,3 Lihua Mo,4 Yu Liu,4 Huanping Zhang,5 Gui Yang,1 Pingchang Yang2 1Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang Central Hospital affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Traditional Medicine Shenzhen Clinical College, Shenzhen, 518116, People’s Republic of China; 2State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases Allergy Division at Shenzhen University and Institute of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, 518055, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of General Medicine Practice, Third Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518005, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Allergy Medicine, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030001, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Pingchang Yang; Gui Yang, Email pcy2356@163.com; guiyang1981@hotmail.comIntroduction: The therapeutic efficacy for airway allergies needs to be improved. Th2 polarization is a primary pathological feature of airway allergies. We constructed chimeric antigen-LgDNA (Lactobacillus rhamnosus DNA) nanoparticles (CAP-NPs). The effects of CAP-NPs on reconciling airway Th2 polarization were tested.Methods: In this study, disulfide bond-linked antigen-major histocompatibility complex II (MHC II)-LgDNA nanoparticles (NPs) were constructed and designated CAP-NPs. An airway Th2 polarization mouse model was established to test the effects of CAP-NPs on suppressing the Th2 response.Results: The CAP-NP components of ovalbumin (OVA), major histocompatibility complex II (MHC II), and LgDNA were confirmed in a series of laboratory tests. The CAP-NPs remained stable at pH7.2 for at least 96 h. In in vitro experiments, CAP-NPs bound to the surface of OVA-specific CD4+ T cells, which resulted in apoptosis of the antigen-specific CD4+ T cells. Removal of any of the three components from the NPs abolished the induction of apoptosis of antigen specific CD4+ T cells. CAP-NPs increased the expression of lysine-specific demethylase 5A (KDM5A) in CD4+ T cells. Histone H3K9 and the gene promoter of caspase 8 were demethylated by KDM5A, which led to transcription and expression of the caspase 8 gene. Administration of CAP-NPs significantly alleviated experimental airway Th2 polarization through activating the caspase 8-apoptosis signaling pathway.Discussion: In this paper, we constructed CAP-NPs that could induce antigen-specific CD4+ T cell apoptosis. Administration of CAP-NPs efficiently alleviated experimental airway Th2 polarization.Keywords: airway allergy, T cell, therapy, vaccine, nanoparticle
Published: 2024

29. Diabetes Mellitus Inhibits Hair Follicle Regeneration by Inducing Macrophage Reprogramming-Mediated Pyroptosis

Author: Wang M, Lai Z, Zhang H, Yang W, Zheng F, He D, Liu X, Zhong R, Qahar M, and Yang G
Subjects: diabetes mellitus, caspases, hair follicle stem cells, chronic wounds, cutaneous immune disorder, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Minghui Wang,1,&ast; Zhiwei Lai,1,&ast; Hua Zhang,1,&ast; Weiqi Yang,2 Fengping Zheng,1 Dehua He,2 Xiaofang Liu,2 Rong Zhong,2 Mulan Qahar,1,2 Guang Yang1– 3 1Division of Renal Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518036, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Life Sciences, Yuncheng University, Yuncheng, 044011, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Guang Yang; Mulan Qahar, Email yakoaka@foxmail.com; mulanqahar@126.comBackground: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is known to inhibit skin self-renewal and hair follicle stem cell (HFSC) activation, which may be key in the formation of chronic diabetic wounds. This study aimed to investigate the reasons behind the suppression of HFSC activation in DM mice.Methods: Type 1 DM (T1DM) was induced in 6-week-old mice via streptozotocin, and hair follicle growth was subsequently monitored. RNA sequencing, bioinformatics analyses, qRT‒PCR, immunostaining, and cellular experiments were carried out to investigate the underlying mechanisms involved.Results: T1DM inhibited HFSC activation, which correlated with an increase in caspase-dependent programmed cell death. Additionally, T1DM triggered apoptosis and pyroptosis, predominantly in HFSCs and epidermal regions, with pyroptosis being more pronounced in the inner root sheath of hair follicles. Notably, significant cutaneous immune imbalances were observed, particularly in macrophages. Cellular experiments demonstrated that M1 macrophages inhibited HaCaT cell proliferation and induced cell death, whereas high-glucose environments alone did not have the same effect.Conclusion: T1DM inhibits HFSC activation via macrophage reprogramming-mediated caspase-dependent pyroptosis, and there is a significant regional characterization of cell death. Moreover, T1DM-induced programmed cell death in the skin may be more closely related to immune homeostasis imbalance than to hyperglycemia itself. These findings shed light on the pathogenesis of diabetic ulcers and provide a theoretical basis for the use of hair follicle grafts in wound repair.Keywords: diabetes mellitus, caspases, hair follicle stem cells, chronic wounds, cutaneous immune disorder
Published: 2024

30. GNCformer Enhanced Self-attention for Automatic Speech Recognition

Author: Li, J., Duan, Z., Li, S., Yu, X., and Yang, G.
Subjects: Computer Science - Sound, Computer Science - Computation and Language, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing
Abstract: In this paper,an Enhanced Self-Attention (ESA) mechanism has been put forward for robust feature extraction.The proposed ESA is integrated with the recursive gated convolution and self-attention mechanism.In particular, the former is used to capture multi-order feature interaction and the latter is for global feature extraction.In addition, the location of interest that is suitable for inserting the ESA is also worth being explored.In this paper, the ESA is embedded into the encoder layer of the Transformer network for automatic speech recognition (ASR) tasks, and this newly proposed model is named GNCformer. The effectiveness of the GNCformer has been validated using two datasets, that are Aishell-1 and HKUST.Experimental results show that, compared with the Transformer network,0.8%CER,and 1.2%CER improvement for these two mentioned datasets, respectively, can be achieved.It is worth mentioning that only 1.4M additional parameters have been involved in our proposed GNCformer., Comment: 5 pages,3 figures
Published: 2023

31. Updated T2K measurements of muon neutrino and antineutrino disappearance using 3.6 $\times$ 10$^{21}$ protons on target

Author: Abe, K., Akhlaq, N., Akutsu, R., Alarakia-Charles, H., Ali, A., Hakim, Y. I. Alj, Monsalve, S. Alonso, Alt, C., Andreopoulos, C., Antonova, M., Aoki, S., Arihara, T., Asada, Y., Ashida, Y., Atkin, E. T., Barbi, M., Barker, G. J., Barr, G., Barrow, D., Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M., Bench, F., Berardi, V., Berns, L., Bhadra, S., Blanchet, A., Blondel, A., Bolognesi, S., Bonus, T., Bordoni, S., Boyd, S. B., Bravar, A., Bronner, C., Bron, S., Bubak, A., Avanzini, M. Buizza, Caballero, J. A., Calabria, N. F., Cao, S., Carabadjac, D., Carter, A. J., Cartwright, S. L., Casado, M. P., Catanesi, M. G., Cervera, A., Chakrani, J., Cherdack, D., Chong, P. S., Christodoulou, G., Chvirova, A., Cicerchia, M., Coleman, J., Collazuol, G., Cook, L., Cudd, A., Dalmazzone, C., Daret, T., Dasgupta, P., Davydov, Yu. I., De Roeck, A., De Rosa, G., Dealtry, T., Delogu, C. C., Densham, C., Dergacheva, A., Di Lodovico, F., Dolan, S., Douqa, D., Doyle, T. A., Drapier, O., Dumarchez, J., Dunne, P., Dygnarowicz, K., Eguchi, A., Emery-Schrenk, S., Erofeev, G., Ershova, A., Eurin, G., Fedorova, D., Fedotov, S., Feltre, M., Finch, A. J., Aguirre, G. A. Fiorentini, Fiorillo, G., Fitton, M. D., Patiño, J. M. Franco, Friend, M., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, Y., Furui, Y., Fusshoeller, K., Giannessi, L., Giganti, C., Glagolev, V., Gonin, M., Rosa, J. González, Goodman, E. A. G., Gorin, A., Grassi, M., Guigue, M., Hadley, D. R., Haigh, J. T., Hamacher-Baumann, P., Harris, D. A., Hartz, M., Hasegawa, T., Hassani, S., Hastings, N. C., Hayato, Y., Henaff, D., Hiramoto, A., Hogan, M., Holeczek, J., Holin, A., Holvey, T., Van, N. T. Hong, Honjo, T., Iacob, F., Ichikawa, A. K., Ikeda, M., Ishida, T., Ishitsuka, M., Israel, H. T., Iwamoto, K., Izmaylov, A., Izumi, N., Jakkapu, M., Jamieson, B., Jenkins, S. J., Jesús-Valls, C., Jiang, J. J., Ji, J. Y., Jonsson, P., Joshi, S., Jung, C. K., Jurj, P. B., Kabirnezhad, M., Kaboth, A. C., Kajita, T., Kakuno, H., Kameda, J., Kasetti, S. P., Kataoka, Y., Katayama, Y., Katori, T., Kawaue, M., Kearns, E., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Kikawa, T., Kikutani, H., King, S., Kiseeva, V., Kisiel, J., Kobata, T., Kobayashi, H., Kobayashi, T., Koch, L., Kodama, S., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Koshio, Y., Kostin, A., Koto, T., Kowalik, K., Kudenko, Y., Kudo, Y., Kuribayashi, S., Kurjata, R., Kutter, T., Kuze, M., La Commara, M., Labarga, L., Lachner, K., Lagoda, J., Lakshmi, S. M., James, M. Lamers, Lamoureux, M., Langella, A., Laporte, J. -F., Last, D., Latham, N., Laveder, M., Lavitola, L., Lawe, M., Lee, Y., Lin, C., Lin, S. -K., Litchfield, R. P., Liu, S. L., Li, W., Longhin, A., Long, K. R., Moreno, A. Lopez, Ludovici, L., Lu, X., Lux, T., Machado, L. N., Magaletti, L., Mahn, K., Malek, M., Mandal, M., Manly, S., Marino, A. D., Marti-Magro, L., Martin, D. G. R., Martini, M., Martin, J. F., Maruyama, T., Matsubara, T., Matveev, V., Mauger, C., Mavrokoridis, K., Mazzucato, E., McCauley, N., McElwee, J., McFarland, K. S., McGrew, C., McKean, J., Mefodiev, A., Megias, G. D., Mehta, P., Mellet, L., Metelko, C., Mezzetto, M., Miller, E., Minamino, A., Mineev, O., Mine, S., Miura, M., Bueno, L. Molina, Moriyama, S., Morrison, P., Mueller, Th. A., Munford, D., Munteanu, L., Nagai, K., Nagai, Y., Nakadaira, T., Nakagiri, K., Nakahata, M., Nakajima, Y., Nakamura, A., Nakamura, H., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, K. D., Nakano, Y., Nakayama, S., Nakaya, T., Nakayoshi, K., Naseby, C. E. R., Ngoc, T. V., Nguyen, V. Q., Niewczas, K., Nishimori, S., Nishimura, Y., Nishizaki, K., Nosek, T., Nova, F., Novella, P., Nugent, J. C., O'Keeffe, H. M., O'Sullivan, L., Odagawa, T., Ogawa, T., Okada, R., Okinaga, W., Okumura, K., Okusawa, T., Ospina, N., Osu, L., Owen, R. A., Oyama, Y., Palladino, V., Paolone, V., Pari, M., Parlone, J., Parsa, S., Pasternak, J., Pavin, M., Payne, D., Penn, G. C., Pershey, D., Pickering, L., Pidcott, C., Pintaudi, G., Pistillo, C., Popov, B., Yrey, A. J. Portocarrero, Porwit, K., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Prabhu, Y. S., Pupilli, F., Quilain, B., Radermacher, T., Radicioni, E., Radics, B., Ramírez, M. A., Ratoff, P. N., Reh, M., Riccio, C., Rondio, E., Roth, S., Roy, N., Rubbia, A., Ruggeri, A. C., Ruggles, C. A., Rychter, A., Sakashita, K., Sánchez, F., Santucci, G., Schefke, T., Schloesser, C. M., Scholberg, K., Scott, M., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Sgalaberna, D., Shaikhiev, A., Shaker, F., Shiozawa, M., Shorrock, W., Shvartsman, A., Skrobova, N., Skwarczynski, K., Smyczek, D., Smy, M., Sobczyk, J. T., Sobel, H., Soler, F. J. P., Sonoda, Y., Speers, A. J., Spina, R., Suslov, I. A., Suvorov, S., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, S. Y., Suzuki, Y., Sztuc, A. A., Tada, M., Tairafune, S., Takayasu, S., Takeda, A., Takeuchi, Y., Takifuji, K., Tanaka, H. K., Tanigawa, H., Tanihara, Y., Tani, M., Teklu, A., Tereshchenko, V. V., Teshima, N., Thamm, N., Thompson, L. F., Toki, W., Touramanis, C., Towstego, T., Tsui, K. M., Tsukamoto, T., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Vagins, M., Vargas, D., Varghese, M., Vasseur, G., Vilela, C., Villa, E., Vinning, W. G. S., Virginet, U., Vladisavljevic, T., Wachala, T., Wakabayashi, D., Walsh, J. G., Wang, Y., Wan, L., Wark, D., Wascko, M. O., Weber, A., Wendell, R., Wilking, M. J., Wilkinson, C., Wilson, J. R., Wood, K., Wret, C., Xia, J., Xu, Y. -h., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, T., Yanagisawa, C., Yang, G., Yano, T., Yasutome, K., Yershov, N., Yevarouskaya, U., Yokoyama, M., Yoshimoto, Y., Yoshimura, N., Yu, M., Zaki, R., Zalewska, A., Zalipska, J., Zaremba, K., Zarnecki, G., Zhao, X., Zhu, T., Ziembicki, M., Zimmerman, E. D., Zito, M., and Zsoldos, S.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Muon neutrino and antineutrino disappearance probabilities are identical in the standard three-flavor neutrino oscillation framework, but CPT violation and non-standard interactions can violate this symmetry. In this work we report the measurements of $\sin^{2} \theta_{23}$ and $\Delta m_{32}^2$ independently for neutrinos and antineutrinos. The aforementioned symmetry violation would manifest as an inconsistency in the neutrino and antineutrino oscillation parameters. The analysis discussed here uses a total of 1.97$\times$10$^{21}$ and 1.63$\times$10$^{21}$ protons on target taken with a neutrino and antineutrino beam respectively, and benefits from improved flux and cross-section models, new near detector samples and more than double the data reducing the overall uncertainty of the result. No significant deviation is observed, consistent with the standard neutrino oscillation picture.
Published: 2023

32. Galaxy Morphology from $z\sim6$ through the eyes of JWST

Author: Huertas-Company, M., Iyer, K. G., Angeloudi, E., Bagley, M. B., Finkelstein, S. L., Kartaltepe, J., Sarmiento, R., Vega-Ferrero, J., Haro, P. Arrabal, Behroozi, P., Buitrago, F., Cheng, Y., Costantin, L., Dekel, A., Dickinson, M., Elbaz, D., Grogin, N. A., Hathi, N. P., Holwerda, B. W., Koekemoer, A. M., Lucas, R. A., Papovich, C., Pérez-González, P. G., Pirzkal, N., Seillé, L-M., de la Vega, A., Wuyts, S., Yang, G., and Yung, L. Y. A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We analyze the Near Infrared ($\sim0.8-1\mu$m) rest-frame morphologies of galaxies with $\log M_*/M_\odot>9$ in the redshift range $010.5$) at $z\sim5$, and bulge-dominated galaxies also exist at these early epochs, confirming a rich and evolved morphological diversity of galaxies $\sim1$ Gyr after the Big Bang. Finally, we find that the morphology-quenching relation is already in place for massive galaxies at $z>3$, with massive quiescent galaxies ($\log M_*/M_\odot>10.5$) being predominantly bulge-dominated., Comment: Submitted to A&A, comments welcome
Published: 2023

33. Extragalactic FXT Candidates Discovered by Chandra (2014-2022)

Author: Quirola-Vásquez, J., Bauer, F. E., Jonker, P. G., Brandt, W. N., Yang, G., Levan, A. J., Xue, Y. Q., Eappachen, D., Camacho, E., Ravasio, M. E., Zheng, X. C., and Luo, B.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Extragalactic fast X-ray transients (FXTs) are short flashes of X-ray photons of unknown origin that last a few minutes to hours. We extend the search for extragalactic FXTs from Quirola et al. 2022 (Paper I; based on sources in the Chandra Source Catalog 2.0, CSC2) to further Chandra archival data between 2014-2022. We extract X-ray data using a method similar to that employed by CSC2 and apply identical search criteria as in Paper I. We report the detection of eight FXT candidates, with peak 0.3-10 keV fluxes between 1$\times$10$^{-13}$ to 1$\times$10$^{-11}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ and $T_{90}$ values from 0.3 to 12.1 ks. This sample of FXTs has likely redshifts between 0.7 to 1.8. Three FXT candidates exhibit light curves with a plateau (${\approx}$1-3 ks duration) followed by a power-law decay and X-ray spectral softening, similar to what was observed for a few previously reported FXTs in Paper I. In light of the new, expanded source lists (eight FXTs with known redshifts from Paper I and this work), we update the event sky rates derived in Paper I, finding 36.9$_{-8.3}^{+9.7}$ deg$^{-2}$ yr$^{-1}$ for the extragalactic samples for a limiting flux of ${\gtrsim}$1${\times}$10$^{-13}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$, calculate the first FXT X-ray luminosity function, and compare the volumetric density rate between FXTs and other transient classes. Our latest Chandra-detected extragalactic FXT candidates boost the total Chandra sample by $\sim$50 %, and appear to have a similar diversity of possible progenitors., Comment: 37 pages, 19 figures, 11 tables, accepted for publication in A&A. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2201.07773
Published: 2023
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34. Impact of cross-section uncertainties on supernova neutrino spectral parameter fitting in the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment

Author: DUNE Collaboration, Abud, A. Abed, Abi, B., Acciarri, R., Acero, M. A., Adames, M. R., Adamov, G., Adamowski, M., Adams, D., Adinolfi, M., Adriano, C., Aduszkiewicz, A., Aguilar, J., Ahmad, Z., Ahmed, J., Aimard, B., Akbar, F., Allison, K., Monsalve, S. Alonso, Alrashed, M., Alton, A., Alvarez, R., Amedo, P., Anderson, J., Andrade, D. A., Andreopoulos, C., Andreotti, M., Andrews, M. P., Andrianala, F., Andringa, S., Anfimov, N., Campanelli, W. L. Anicézio, Ankowski, A., Antoniassi, M., Antonova, M., Antoshkin, A., Aranda-Fernandez, A., Arellano, L., Arnold, L. O., Arroyave, M. A., Asaadi, J., Ashkenazi, A., Asquith, L., Atkin, E., Auguste, D., Aurisano, A., Aushev, V., Autiero, D., Ayala-Torres, M., Azfar, F., Back, A., Back, H., Back, J. J., Bagaturia, I., Bagby, L., Balashov, N., Balasubramanian, S., Baldi, P., Baldini, W., Baller, B., Bambah, B., Banerjee, R., Barao, F., Barenboim, G., Alzás, P. Barham, Barker, G. J., Barkhouse, W., Barnes, C., Barr, G., Monarca, J. Barranco, Barros, A., Barros, N., Barrow, J. L., Basharina-Freshville, A., Bashyal, A., Basque, V., Batchelor, C., Battat, J. B. R., Battisti, F., Bay, F., Bazetto, M. C. Q., Alba, J. L. L. Bazo, Beacom, J. F., Bechetoille, E., Behera, B., Belchior, E., Bell, G., Bellantoni, L., Bellettini, G., Bellini, V., Beltramello, O., Benekos, N., Montiel, C. Benitez, Benjamin, D., Neves, F. Bento, Berger, J., Berkman, S., Bernardini, P., Berner, R. M., Bersani, A., Bertolucci, S., Betancourt, M., Rodríguez, A. Betancur, Bevan, A., Bezawada, Y., Bezerra, A. T., Bezerra, T. J., Bhambure, J., Bhardwaj, A., Bhatnagar, V., Bhattacharjee, M., Bhattacharya, M., Bhattarai, D., Bhuller, S., Bhuyan, B., Biagi, S., Bian, J., Biery, K., Bilki, B., Bishai, M., Bitadze, A., Blake, A., Blaszczyk, F. D., Blazey, G. 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S., McGrew, C., McNab, A., Mefodiev, A., Mehta, P., Melas, P., Mena, O., Mendez, H., Mendez, P., Méndez, D. P., Menegolli, A., Meng, G., Messier, M. D., Metcalf, W., Mewes, M., Meyer, H., Miao, T., Michna, G., Mikola, V., Milincic, R., Miller, G., Miller, W., Mills, J., Mineev, O., Minotti, A., Miranda, O. G., Miryala, S., Miscetti, S., Mishra, C. S., Mishra, S. R., Mislivec, A., Mitchell, M., Mladenov, D., Mocioiu, I., Moffat, K., Mogan, A., Moggi, N., Mohanta, R., Mohayai, T. A., Mokhov, N., Molina, J., Bueno, L. Molina, Montagna, E., Montanari, A., Montanari, C., Montanari, D., Montanino, D., Zetina, L. M. Montaño, Moon, S. H., Mooney, M., Moor, A. F., Moreno, D., Morescalchi, L., Moretti, D., Morris, C., Mossey, C., Mote, M., Motuk, E., Moura, C. A., Mousseau, J., Mouster, G., Mu, W., Mualem, L., Mueller, J., Muether, M., Muheim, F., Muir, A., Mulhearn, M., Munford, D., Munteanu, L. J., Muramatsu, H., Muraz, J., Murphy, M., Murphy, T., Musser, J., Nachtman, J., Nagai, Y., Nagu, S., Nalbandyan, M., Nandakumar, R., Naples, D., Narita, S., Nath, A., Navrer-Agasson, A., Nayak, N., Nebot-Guinot, M., Negishi, K., Nehm, A., Nelson, J. K., Nelson, M., Nesbit, J., Nessi, M., Newbold, D., Newcomer, M., Newton, H., Nichol, R., Nicolas-Arnaldos, F., Nikolica, A., Nikolov, J., Niner, E., Nishimura, K., Norman, A., Norrick, A., Novella, P., Nowak, J. A., Oberling, M., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olivier, A., Olshevskiy, A., Olson, T., Onel, Y., Onishchuk, Y., Oranday, A., Ormachea, L. Otiniano, Ott, J., Pagani, L., Palacio, G., Palamara, O., Palestini, S., Paley, J. M., Pallavicini, M., Palomares, C., Pan, S., Vazquez, W. Panduro, Pantic, E., Paolone, V., Papadimitriou, V., Papaleo, R., Papanestis, A., Paramesvaran, S., Paris, A., Parke, S., Parozzi, E., Parsa, S., Parsa, Z., Parveen, S., Parvu, M., Pasciuto, D., Pascoli, S., Pasqualini, L., Pasternak, J., Pater, J., Patrick, C., Patrizii, L., Patterson, R. B., Patton, S. J., Patzak, T., Paudel, A., Paulucci, L., Pavlovic, Z., Pawloski, G., Payne, D., Pec, V., Peeters, S. J. M., Perez, A. Pena, Pennacchio, E., Penzo, A., Peres, O. L. G., Gonzalez, Y. F. Perez, Pérez-Molina, L., Pernas, C., Perry, J., Pershey, D., Pessina, G., Petrillo, G., Petta, C., Petti, R., Pia, V., Pickering, L., Pietropaolo, F., Pimentel, V. L., Pinaroli, G., Plows, K., Plunkett, R., Pollack, C., Pollman, T., Pompa, F., Pons, X., Poonthottathil, N., Poppi, F., Pordes, S., Porter, J., Potekhin, M., Potenza, R., Potukuchi, B. V. K. S., Pozimski, J., Pozzato, M., Prakash, S., Prakash, T., Pratt, C., Prest, M., Psihas, F., Pugnere, D., Qian, X., Raaf, J. L., Radeka, V., Rademacker, J., Radev, R., Radics, B., Rafique, A., Raguzin, E., Rai, M., Rajaoalisoa, M., Rakhno, I., Rakotondravohitra, L., Rameika, R., Delgado, M. A. Ramirez, Ramson, B., Rappoldi, A., Raselli, G., Ratoff, P., Ray, R., Razafinime, H., Razakamiandra, R. F., Rea, E. M., Real, J. S., Rebel, B., Rechenmacher, R., Reggiani-Guzzo, M., Reichenbacher, J., Reitzner, S. D., Sfar, H. Rejeb, Renshaw, A., Rescia, S., Resnati, F., Ribas, M., Riboldi, S., Riccio, C., Riccobene, G., Rice, L. C. J., Ricol, J. S., Rigamonti, A., Rigan, M., Rincón, E. V., Ritchie-Yates, A., Ritter, S., Rivera, D., Rivera, R., Robert, A., Rocha, J. L. Rocabado, Rochester, L., Roda, M., Rodrigues, P., Alonso, M. J. Rodriguez, Rondon, J. Rodriguez, Rosauro-Alcaraz, S., Rosier, P., Rossella, M., Rossi, M., Ross-Lonergan, M., Rout, J., Roy, P., Rubbia, C., Ferreira, G. Ruiz, Russell, B., Ruterbories, D., Rybnikov, A., Saa-Hernandez, A., Saakyan, R., Sacerdoti, S., Sahoo, S. K., Sahu, N., Sala, P., Samana, A. R., Samios, N., Samoylov, O., Sanchez, M. C., Sanchez-Lucas, P., Sandberg, V., Sanders, D. A., Sankey, D., Santoro, D., Saoulidou, N., Sapienza, P., Sarasty, C., Sarcevic, I., Sarra, I., Savage, G., Savinov, V., Scanavini, G., Scaramelli, A., Scarff, A., Scarpelli, A., Schefke, T., Schellman, H., Schifano, S., Schlabach, P., Schmitz, D., Schneider, A. W., Scholberg, K., Schukraft, A., Segreto, E., Selyunin, A., Senise, C. R., Sensenig, J., Shaevitz, M. H., Shafaq, S., Shaker, F., Shanahan, P., Sharma, H. R., Sharma, R., Kumar, R., Shaw, K., Shaw, T., Shchablo, K., Shepherd-Themistocleous, C., Sheshukov, A., Shi, W., Shin, S., Shoemaker, I., Shooltz, D., Shrock, R., Siddi, B., Silber, J., Simard, L., Sinclair, J., Sinev, G., Singh, Jaydip, Singh, J., Singh, L., Singh, P., Singh, V., Chauhan, S. Singh, Sipos, R., Sironneau, C., Sirri, G., Siyeon, K., Skarpaas, K., Smith, E., Smith, P., Smolik, J., Smy, M., Snider, E. L., Snopok, P., Snowden-Ifft, D., Nunes, M. Soares, Sobel, H., Soderberg, M., Sokolov, S., Salinas, C. J. Solano, Söldner-Rembold, S., Soleti, S. R., Solomey, N., Solovov, V., Sondheim, W. E., Sorel, M., Sotnikov, A., Soto-Oton, J., Sousa, A., Soustruznik, K., Spagliardi, F., Spanu, M., Spitz, J., Spooner, N. J. C., Spurgeon, K., Stalder, D., Stancari, M., Stanco, L., Steenis, J., Stein, R., Steiner, H. M., Lisbôa, A. F. Steklain, Stepanova, A., Stewart, J., Stillwell, B., Stock, J., Stocker, F., Stokes, T., Strait, M., Strauss, T., Strigari, L., Stuart, A., Suarez, J. G., Subash, J., Surdo, A., Suter, L., Sutera, C. M., Sutton, K., Suvorov, Y., Svoboda, R., Swain, S. K., Szczerbinska, B., Szelc, A. M., Taffara, A., Talukdar, N., Tamara, J., Tanaka, H. A., Tang, S., Taniuchi, N., Oregui, B. Tapia, Tapper, A., Tariq, S., Tarpara, E., Tatar, E., Tayloe, R., Teklu, A. M., Tennessen, P., Tenti, M., Terao, K., Terranova, F., Testera, G., Thakore, T., Thea, A., Thompson, A., Thorn, C., Timm, S. C., Tishchenko, V., Todorović, N., Tomassetti, L., Tonazzo, A., Torbunov, D., Torti, M., Tortola, M., Tortorici, F., Tosi, N., Totani, D., Toups, M., Touramanis, C., Travaglini, R., Trevor, J., Trilov, S., Trzaska, W. H., Tsai, Y., Tsai, Y. -T., Tsamalaidze, Z., Tsang, K. V., Tsverava, N., Tu, S. Z., Tufanli, S., Tull, C., Turner, J., Tuzi, M., Tyler, J., Tyley, E., Tzanov, M., Uchida, M. A., Urheim, J., Usher, T., Utaegbulam, H., Uzunyan, S., Vagins, M. R., Vahle, P., Valder, S., Valdiviesso, G. D. A., Valencia, E., Valentim, R., Vallari, Z., Vallazza, E., Valle, J. W. F., Vallecorsa, S., Van Berg, R., Van de Water, R. G., Forero, D. Vanegas, Varanini, F., Oliva, D. Vargas, Varner, G., Vasina, S., Vaughan, N., Vaziri, K., Vega, J., Ventura, S., Verdugo, A., Vergani, S., Vermeulen, M. A., Verzocchi, M., Vicenzi, M., de Souza, H. Vieira, Vignoli, C., Vilela, C., Viren, B., Vizcaya-Hernandez, A., Vrba, T., Vuong, Q., Waldron, A. V., Wallbank, M., Walsh, J., Walton, T., Wang, H., Wang, J., Wang, L., Wang, M. H. L. S., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Warburton, K., Warner, D., Wascko, M. O., Waters, D., Watson, A., Wawrowska, K., Weatherly, P., Weber, A., Weber, M., Wei, H., Weinstein, A., Wenman, D., Wetstein, M., Whilhelmi, J., White, A., Whitehead, L. H., Whittington, D., Wilking, M. J., Wilkinson, A., Wilkinson, C., Williams, Z., Wilson, F., Wilson, R. J., Wisniewski, W., Wolcott, J., Wolfs, J., Wongjirad, T., Wood, A., Wood, K., Worcester, E., Worcester, M., Wospakrik, M., Wresilo, K., Wret, C., Wu, S., Wu, W., Wurm, M., Wyenberg, J., Xiao, Y., Xiotidis, I., Yaeggy, B., Yahlali, N., Yandel, E., Yang, G., Yang, K., Yang, T., Yankelevich, A., Yershov, N., Yonehara, K., Yoon, Y. S., Young, T., Yu, B., Yu, H., Yu, J., Yu, Y., Yuan, W., Zaki, R., Zalesak, J., Zambelli, L., Zamorano, B., Zani, A., Zazueta, L., Zeller, G. P., Zennamo, J., Zeug, K., Zhang, C., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhao, M., Zhivun, E., Zimmerman, E. D., Zucchelli, S., Zuklin, J., Zutshi, V., and Zwaska, R.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: A primary goal of the upcoming Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is to measure the $\mathcal{O}(10)$ MeV neutrinos produced by a Galactic core-collapse supernova if one should occur during the lifetime of the experiment. The liquid-argon-based detectors planned for DUNE are expected to be uniquely sensitive to the $\nu_e$ component of the supernova flux, enabling a wide variety of physics and astrophysics measurements. A key requirement for a correct interpretation of these measurements is a good understanding of the energy-dependent total cross section $\sigma(E_\nu)$ for charged-current $\nu_e$ absorption on argon. In the context of a simulated extraction of supernova $\nu_e$ spectral parameters from a toy analysis, we investigate the impact of $\sigma(E_\nu)$ modeling uncertainties on DUNE's supernova neutrino physics sensitivity for the first time. We find that the currently large theoretical uncertainties on $\sigma(E_\nu)$ must be substantially reduced before the $\nu_e$ flux parameters can be extracted reliably: in the absence of external constraints, a measurement of the integrated neutrino luminosity with less than 10\% bias with DUNE requires $\sigma(E_\nu)$ to be known to about 5%. The neutrino spectral shape parameters can be known to better than 10% for a 20% uncertainty on the cross-section scale, although they will be sensitive to uncertainties on the shape of $\sigma(E_\nu)$. A direct measurement of low-energy $\nu_e$-argon scattering would be invaluable for improving the theoretical precision to the needed level., Comment: 25 pages, 21 figures
Published: 2023
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35. First measurement of muon neutrino charged-current interactions on hydrocarbon without pions in the final state using multiple detectors with correlated energy spectra at T2K

Author: Abe, K., Akhlaq, N., Akutsu, R., Alarakia-Charles, H., Ali, A., Hakim, Y. I. Alj, Monsalve, S. Alonso, Alt, C., Andreopoulos, C., Antonova, M., Aoki, S., Arihara, T., Asada, Y., Ashida, Y., Atkin, E. T., Barbi, M., Barker, G. J., Barr, G., Barrow, D., Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M., Bench, F., Berardi, V., Berns, L., Bhadra, S., Blanchet, A., Blondel, A., Bolognesi, S., Bonus, T., Bordoni, S., Boyd, S. B., Bravar, A., Bronner, C., Bron, S., Bubak, A., Avanzini, M. Buizza, Caballero, J. A., Calabria, N. F., Cao, S., Carabadjac, D., Carter, A. J., Cartwright, S. L., Casado, M. P., Catanesi, M. G., Cervera, A., Chakrani, J., Cherdack, D., Chong, P. S., Christodoulou, G., Chvirova, A., Cicerchia, M., Coleman, J., Collazuol, G., Cook, L., Cudd, A., Dalmazzone, C., Daret, T., Dasgupta, P., Davydov, Yu. I., De Roeck, A., De Rosa, G., Dealtry, T., Delogu, C. C., Densham, C., Dergacheva, A., Di Lodovico, F., Dolan, S., Douqa, D., Doyle, T. A., Drapier, O., Dumarchez, J., Dunne, P., Dygnarowicz, K., Eguchi, A., Emery-Schrenk, S., Erofeev, G., Ershova, A., Eurin, G., Fedorova, D., Fedotov, S., Feltre, M., Finch, A. J., Aguirre, G. A. Fiorentini, Fiorillo, G., Fitton, M. D., Patiño, J. M. Franco, Friend, M., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, Y., Furui, Y., Fusshoeller, K., Giannessi, L., Giganti, C., Glagolev, V., Gonin, M., Rosa, J. González, Goodman, E. A. G., Gorin, A., Grassi, M., Guigue, M., Hadley, D. R., Haigh, J. T., Hamacher-Baumann, P., Harris, D. A., Hartz, M., Hasegawa, T., Hassani, S., Hastings, N. C., Hayato, Y., Henaff, D., Hiramoto, A., Hogan, M., Holeczek, J., Holin, A., Holvey, T., Van, N. T. Hong, Honjo, T., Iacob, F., Ichikawa, A. K., Ikeda, M., Ishida, T., Ishitsuka, M., Israel, H. T., Izmaylov, A., Izumi, N., Jakkapu, M., Jamieson, B., Jenkins, S. J., Jesús-Valls, C., Jiang, J. J., Ji, J. Y., Jonsson, P., Joshi, S., Jung, C. K., Jurj, P. B., Kabirnezhad, M., Kaboth, A. C., Kajita, T., Kakuno, H., Kameda, J., Kasetti, S. P., Kataoka, Y., Katori, T., Kawaue, M., Kearns, E., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Kikawa, T., King, S., Kiseeva, V., Kisiel, J., Kobata, T., Kobayashi, H., Kobayashi, T., Koch, L., Kodama, S., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Koshio, Y., Kostin, A., Koto, T., Kowalik, K., Kudenko, Y., Kudo, Y., Kuribayashi, S., Kurjata, R., Kutter, T., Kuze, M., La Commara, M., Labarga, L., Lachner, K., Lagoda, J., Lakshmi, S. M., James, M. Lamers, Lamoureux, M., Langella, A., Laporte, J. -F., Last, D., Latham, N., Laveder, M., Lavitola, L., Lawe, M., Lee, Y., Lin, C., Lin, S. -K., Litchfield, R. P., Liu, S. L., Li, W., Longhin, A., Long, K. R., Moreno, A. Lopez, Ludovici, L., Lu, X., Lux, T., Machado, L. N., Magaletti, L., Mahn, K., Malek, M., Mandal, M., Manly, S., Marino, A. D., Marti-Magro, L., Martin, D. G. R., Martini, M., Martin, J. F., Maruyama, T., Matsubara, T., Matveev, V., Mauger, C., Mavrokoridis, K., Mazzucato, E., McCauley, N., McElwee, J., McFarland, K. S., McGrew, C., McKean, J., Mefodiev, A., Megias, G. D., Mehta, P., Mellet, L., Metelko, C., Mezzetto, M., Miller, E., Minamino, A., Mineev, O., Mine, S., Miura, M., Bueno, L. Molina, Moriyama, S., Morrison, P., Mueller, Th. A., Munford, D., Munteanu, L., Nagai, K., Nagai, Y., Nakadaira, T., Nakagiri, K., Nakahata, M., Nakajima, Y., Nakamura, A., Nakamura, H., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, K. D., Nakano, Y., Nakayama, S., Nakaya, T., Nakayoshi, K., Naseby, C. E. R., Ngoc, T. V., Nguyen, V. Q., Niewczas, K., Nishimori, S., Nishimura, Y., Nishizaki, K., Nosek, T., Nova, F., Novella, P., Nugent, J. C., O'Keeffe, H. M., O'Sullivan, L., Odagawa, T., Ogawa, T., Okinaga, W., Okumura, K., Okusawa, T., Ospina, N., Osu, L., Owen, R. A., Oyama, Y., Palladino, V., Paolone, V., Pari, M., Parlone, J., Parsa, S., Pasternak, J., Pavin, M., Payne, D., Penn, G. C., Pershey, D., Pickering, L., Pidcott, C., Pintaudi, G., Pistillo, C., Popov, B., Yrey, A. J. Portocarrero, Porwit, K., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Prabhu, Y. S., Pupilli, F., Quilain, B., Radermacher, T., Radicioni, E., Radics, B., Ramírez, M. A., Ratoff, P. N., Reh, M., Riccio, C., Rondio, E., Roth, S., Roy, N., Rubbia, A., Ruggeri, A. C., Ruggles, C. A., Rychter, A., Sakashita, K., Sánchez, F., Santucci, G., Schefke, T., Schloesser, C. M., Scholberg, K., Scott, M., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Sgalaberna, D., Shaikhiev, A., Shaker, F., Shiozawa, M., Shorrock, W., Shvartsman, A., Skrobova, N., Skwarczynski, K., Smyczek, D., Smy, M., Sobczyk, J. T., Sobel, H., Soler, F. J. P., Sonoda, Y., Speers, A. J., Spina, R., Suslov, I. A., Suvorov, S., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, S. Y., Suzuki, Y., Sztuc, A. A., Tada, M., Tairafune, S., Takayasu, S., Takeda, A., Takeuchi, Y., Takifuji, K., Tanaka, H. K., Tanigawa, H., Tani, M., Teklu, A., Tereshchenko, V. V., Teshima, N., Thamm, N., Thompson, L. F., Toki, W., Touramanis, C., Towstego, T., Tsui, K. M., Tsukamoto, T., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Vagins, M., Vargas, D., Varghese, M., Vasseur, G., Vilela, C., Villa, E., Vinning, W. G. S., Virginet, U., Vladisavljevic, T., Wachala, T., Wakabayashi, D., Walsh, J. G., Wang, Y., Wan, L., Wark, D., Wascko, M. O., Weber, A., Wendell, R., Wilking, M. J., Wilkinson, C., Wilson, J. R., Wood, K., Wret, C., Xia, J., Xu, Y. -h., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, T., Yanagisawa, C., Yang, G., Yano, T., Yasutome, K., Yershov, N., Yevarouskaya, U., Yokoyama, M., Yoshimoto, Y., Yoshimura, N., Yu, M., Zaki, R., Zalewska, A., Zalipska, J., Zaremba, K., Zarnecki, G., Zhao, X., Zhu, T., Ziembicki, M., Zimmerman, E. D., Zito, M., and Zsoldos, S.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: This paper reports the first measurement of muon neutrino charged-current interactions without pions in the final state using multiple detectors with correlated energy spectra at T2K. The data was collected on hydrocarbon targets using the off-axis T2K near detector (ND280) and the on-axis T2K near detector (INGRID) with neutrino energy spectra peaked at 0.6 GeV and 1.1 GeV respectively. The correlated neutrino flux presents an opportunity to reduce the impact of the flux uncertainty and to study the energy dependence of neutrino interactions. The extracted double-differential cross sections are compared to several Monte Carlo neutrino-nucleus interaction event generators showing the agreement between both detectors individually and with the correlated result., Comment: Updated discussion in Sec. V-A; Updated author list
Published: 2023
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36. CEERS Key Paper VI: JWST/MIRI Uncovers a Large Population of Obscured AGN at High Redshifts

Author: Yang, G., Caputi, K. I., Papovich, C., Haro, P. Arrabal, Bagley, M. B., Behroozi, P., Bell, E. F., Bisigello, L., Buat, V., Burgarella, D., Cheng, Y., Cleri, N. J., Dave, R., Dickinson, M., Elbaz, D., Ferguson, H. C., Finkelstein, S. L., Grogin, N. A., Hathi, N. P., Hirschmann, M., Holwerda, B. W., Huertas-Company, M., Hutchison, T., Iani, E., Kartaltepe, J. S., Kirkpatrick, A., Kocevski, D. D., Koekemoer, A. M., Kokorev, V., Larson, R. L., Lucas, R. A., Perez-Gonzalez, P. G., Rinaldi, P., Shen, L., Trump, J. R., de la Vega, A., Yung, L. Y. A., and Zavala, J. A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: Mid-infrared observations are powerful in identifying heavily obscured Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) which have weak emission in other wavelengths. Data from the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) onboard JWST provides an excellent opportunity to perform such studies. We take advantage of the MIRI imaging data from the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science Survey (CEERS) to investigate the AGN population in the distant universe. We estimate the source properties of MIRI-selected objects by utilizing spectral energy distribution (SED) modelling, and classify them into star-forming galaxies (SF), SF-AGN mixed objects, and AGN. The source numbers of these types are 418, 111, and 31, respectively, from 4 MIRI pointings covering $\sim 9$ arcmin$^2$. The sample spans a redshift range of $\approx 0$--5. We derive the median SEDs for all three source types, respectively, and publicly release them. The median MIRI SED of AGN is similar to the typical SEDs of hot dust-obscured galaxies and Seyfert 2s, for which the mid-IR SEDs are dominantly from AGN-heated hot dust. Based on our SED-fit results, we estimate the black-hole accretion density (BHAD; i.e., total BH growth rate per comoving volume) as a function of redshift. At $z<3$, the resulting BHAD agrees with the X-ray measurements in general. At $z>3$, we identify a total of 27 AGN and SF-AGN mixed objects, leading to that our high-$z$ BHAD is substantially higher than the X-ray results ($\sim 0.5$ dex at $z \approx 3$--5). This difference indicates MIRI can identify a large population of heavily obscured AGN missed by X-ray surveys at high redshifts., Comment: ApJL in press, as part of the CEERS Focus Issue. 13 pages and 7 figures (median SEDs in Fig. 5 are available upon request)
Published: 2023
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37. Measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters from the T2K experiment using $3.6\times10^{21}$ protons on target

Author: The T2K Collaboration, Abe, K., Akhlaq, N., Akutsu, R., Ali, A., Monsalve, S. Alonso, Alt, C., Andreopoulos, C., Antonova, M., Aoki, S., Arihara, T., Asada, Y., Ashida, Y., Atkin, E. T., Barbi, M., Barker, G. J., Barr, G., Barrow, D., Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M., Bench, F., Berardi, V., Berns, L., Bhadra, S., Blanchet, A., Blondel, A., Bolognesi, S., Bonus, T., Bordoni, S., Boyd, S. B., Bravar, A., Bronner, C., Bron, S., Bubak, A., Avanzini, M. Buizza, Caballero, J. A., Calabria, N. F., Cao, S., Carabadjac, D., Carter, A. J., Cartwright, S. L., Catanesi, M. G., Cervera, A., Chakrani, J., Cherdack, D., Chong, P. S., Christodoulou, G., Chvirova, A., Cicerchia, M., Coleman, J., Collazuol, G., Cook, L., Cudd, A., Dalmazzone, C., Daret, T., Davydov, Yu. I., De Roeck, A., De Rosa, G., Dealtry, T., Delogu, C. C., Densham, C., Dergacheva, A., Di Lodovico, F., Dolan, S., Douqa, D., Doyle, T. A., Drapier, O., Dumarchez, J., Dunne, P., Dygnarowicz, K., Eguchi, A., Emery-Schrenk, S., Erofeev, G., Ershova, A., Eurin, G., Fedorova, D., Fedotov, S., Feltre, M., Finch, A. J., Aguirre, G. A. Fiorentini, Fiorillo, G., Fitton, M. D., Patiño, J. M. Franco, Friend, M., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, Y., Fusshoeller, K., Giannessi, L., Giganti, C., Glagolev, V., Gonin, M., Rosa, J. González, Goodman, E. A. G., Gorin, A., Grassi, M., Guigue, M., Hadley, D. R., Haigh, J. T., Hamacher-Baumann, P., Harris, D. A., Hartz, M., Hasegawa, T., Hassani, S., Hastings, N. C., Hayato, Y., Henaff, D., Hiramoto, A., Hogan, M., Holeczek, J., Holin, A., Holvey, T., Van, N. T. Hong, Honjo, T., Iacob, F., Ichikawa, A. K., Ikeda, M., Ishida, T., Ishitsuka, M., Israel, H. T., Iwamoto, K., Izmaylov, A., Izumi, N., Jakkapu, M., Jamieson, B., Jenkins, S. J., Jesús-Valls, C., Jiang, J. J., Jonsson, P., Joshi, S., Jung, C. K., Jurj, P. B., Kabirnezhad, M., Kaboth, A. C., Kajita, T., Kakuno, H., Kameda, J., Kasetti, S. P., Kataoka, Y., Katayama, Y., Katori, T., Kawaue, M., Kearns, E., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Kikawa, T., Kikutani, H., King, S., Kiseeva, V., Kisiel, J., Kobata, T., Kobayashi, H., Kobayashi, T., Koch, L., Kodama, S., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Koshio, Y., Kostin, A., Koto, T., Kowalik, K., Kudenko, Y., Kudo, Y., Kuribayashi, S., Kurjata, R., Kutter, T., Kuze, M., La Commara, M., Labarga, L., Lachner, K., Lagoda, J., Lakshmi, S. M., James, M. Lamers, Lamoureux, M., Langella, A., Laporte, J. -F., Last, D., Latham, N., Laveder, M., Lavitola, L., Lawe, M., Lee, Y., Lin, C., Lin, S. -K., Litchfield, R. P., Liu, S. L., Li, W., Longhin, A., Long, K. R., Moreno, A. Lopez, Ludovici, L., Lu, X., Lux, T., Machado, L. N., Magaletti, L., Mahn, K., Malek, M., Mandal, M., Manly, S., Marino, A. D., Marti-Magro, L., Martin, D. G. R., Martini, M., Martin, J. F., Maruyama, T., Matsubara, T., Matveev, V., Mauger, C., Mavrokoridis, K., Mazzucato, E., McCauley, N., McElwee, J., McFarland, K. S., McGrew, C., McKean, J., Mefodiev, A., Megias, G. D., Mehta, P., Mellet, L., Metelko, C., Mezzetto, M., Miller, E., Minamino, A., Mineev, O., Mine, S., Miura, M., Bueno, L. Molina, Moriyama, S., Morrison, P., Mueller, Th. A., Munford, D., Munteanu, L., Nagai, K., Nagai, Y., Nakadaira, T., Nakagiri, K., Nakahata, M., Nakajima, Y., Nakamura, A., Nakamura, H., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, K. D., Nakano, Y., Nakayama, S., Nakaya, T., Nakayoshi, K., Naseby, C. E. R., Ngoc, T. V., Nguyen, V. Q., Niewczas, K., Nishimori, S., Nishimura, Y., Nishizaki, K., Nosek, T., Nova, F., Novella, P., Nugent, J. C., O'Keeffe, H. M., O'Sullivan, L., Odagawa, T., Ogawa, T., Okada, R., Okinaga, W., Okumura, K., Okusawa, T., Ospina, N., Owen, R. A., Oyama, Y., Palladino, V., Paolone, V., Pari, M., Parlone, J., Parsa, S., Pasternak, J., Pavin, M., Payne, D., Penn, G. C., Pershey, D., Pickering, L., Pidcott, C., Pintaudi, G., Pistillo, C., Popov, B., Porwit, K., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Prabhu, Y. S., Pupilli, F., Quilain, B., Radermacher, T., Radicioni, E., Radics, B., Ramírez, M. A., Ratoff, P. N., Reh, M., Riccio, C., Rondio, E., Roth, S., Roy, N., Rubbia, A., Ruggeri, A. C., Ruggles, C. A., Rychter, A., Sakashita, K., Sánchez, F., Santucci, G., Schloesser, C. M., Scholberg, K., Scott, M., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Sgalaberna, D., Shaikhiev, A., Shaker, F., Shaykina, A., Shiozawa, M., Shorrock, W., Shvartsman, A., Skrobova, N., Skwarczynski, K., Smyczek, D., Smy, M., Sobczyk, J. T., Sobel, H., Soler, F. J. P., Sonoda, Y., Speers, A. J., Spina, R., Suslov, I. A., Suvorov, S., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, S. Y., Suzuki, Y., Sztuc, A. A., Tada, M., Tairafune, S., Takayasu, S., Takeda, A., Takeuchi, Y., Takifuji, K., Tanaka, H. K., Tanihara, Y., Tani, M., Teklu, A., Tereshchenko, V. V., Teshima, N., Thamm, N., Thompson, L. F., Toki, W., Touramanis, C., Towstego, T., Tsui, K. M., Tsukamoto, T., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Vagins, M., Vargas, D., Varghese, M., Vasseur, G., Vilela, C., Villa, E., Vinning, W. G. S., Virginet, U., Vladisavljevic, T., Wachala, T., Walsh, J. G., Wang, Y., Wan, L., Wark, D., Wascko, M. O., Weber, A., Wendell, R., Wilking, M. J., Wilkinson, C., Wilson, J. R., Wood, K., Wret, C., Xia, J., Xu, Y. -h., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, T., Yanagisawa, C., Yang, G., Yano, T., Yasutome, K., Yershov, N., Yevarouskaya, U., Yokoyama, M., Yoshimoto, Y., Yoshimura, N., Yu, M., Zaki, R., Zalewska, A., Zalipska, J., Zaremba, K., Zarnecki, G., Zhao, X., Zhu, T., Ziembicki, M., Zimmerman, E. D., Zito, M., and Zsoldos, S.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The T2K experiment presents new measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters using $19.7(16.3)\times10^{20}$ protons on target (POT) in (anti-)neutrino mode at the far detector (FD). Compared to the previous analysis, an additional $4.7\times10^{20}$ POT neutrino data was collected at the FD. Significant improvements were made to the analysis methodology, with the near-detector analysis introducing new selections and using more than double the data. Additionally, this is the first T2K oscillation analysis to use NA61/SHINE data on a replica of the T2K target to tune the neutrino flux model, and the neutrino interaction model was improved to include new nuclear effects and calculations. Frequentist and Bayesian analyses are presented, including results on $\sin^2\theta_{13}$ and the impact of priors on the $\delta_\mathrm{CP}$ measurement. Both analyses prefer the normal mass ordering and upper octant of $\sin^2\theta_{23}$ with a nearly maximally CP-violating phase. Assuming the normal ordering and using the constraint on $\sin^2\theta_{13}$ from reactors, $\sin^2\theta_{23}=0.561^{+0.021}_{-0.032}$ using Feldman--Cousins corrected intervals, and $\Delta{}m^2_{32}=2.494_{-0.058}^{+0.041}\times10^{-3}~\mathrm{eV^2}$ using constant $\Delta\chi^{2}$ intervals. The CP-violating phase is constrained to $\delta_\mathrm{CP}=-1.97_{-0.70}^{+0.97}$ using Feldman--Cousins corrected intervals, and $\delta_\mathrm{CP}=0,\pi$ is excluded at more than 90% confidence level. A Jarlskog invariant of zero is excluded at more than $2\sigma$ credible level using a flat prior in $\delta_\mathrm{CP}$, and just below $2\sigma$ using a flat prior in $\sin\delta_\mathrm{CP}$. When the external constraint on $\sin^2\theta_{13}$ is removed, $\sin^2\theta_{13}=28.0^{+2.8}_{-6.5}\times10^{-3}$, in agreement with measurements from reactor experiments. These results are consistent with previous T2K analyses.
Published: 2023
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38. Highly-parallelized simulation of a pixelated LArTPC on a GPU

Author: DUNE Collaboration, Abud, A. Abed, Abi, B., Acciarri, R., Acero, M. A., Adames, M. R., Adamov, G., Adamowski, M., Adams, D., Adinolfi, M., Adriano, C., Aduszkiewicz, A., Aguilar, J., Ahmad, Z., Ahmed, J., Aimard, B., Akbar, F., Allison, K., Monsalve, S. Alonso, Alrashed, M., Alt, C., Alton, A., Alvarez, R., Amedo, P., Anderson, J., Andrade, D. A., Andreopoulos, C., Andreotti, M., Andrews, M. P., Andrianala, F., Andringa, S., Anfimov, N., Campanelli, W. L. Anicézio, Ankowski, A., Antoniassi, M., Antonova, M., Antoshkin, A., Antusch, S., Aranda-Fernandez, A., Arellano, L., Arnold, L. O., Arroyave, M. A., Asaadi, J., Ashkenazi, A., Asquith, L., Aurisano, A., Aushev, V., Autiero, D., Ayala-Torres, M., Azfar, F., Back, A., Back, H., Back, J. J., Bagaturia, I., Bagby, L., Balashov, N., Balasubramanian, S., Baldi, P., Baldini, W., Baller, B., Bambah, B., Barao, F., Barenboim, G., Alzás, P. Barham, Barker, G. J., Barkhouse, W., Barnes, C., Barr, G., Monarca, J. Barranco, Barros, A., Barros, N., Barrow, J. L., Basharina-Freshville, A., Bashyal, A., Basque, V., Batchelor, C., Battat, J. B. R., Battisti, F., Bay, F., Bazetto, M. C. Q., Alba, J. L. L. Bazo, Beacom, J. F., Bechetoille, E., Behera, B., Belchior, E., Bellantoni, L., Bellettini, G., Bellini, V., Beltramello, O., Benekos, N., Montiel, C. Benitez, Benjamin, D., Neves, F. Bento, Berger, J., Berkman, S., Bernardini, P., Berner, R. M., Bersani, A., Bertolucci, S., Betancourt, M., Rodríguez, A. Betancur, Bevan, A., Bezawada, Y., Bezerra, A. T., Bezerra, T. J., Bhambure, J., Bhardwaj, A., Bhatnagar, V., Bhattacharjee, M., Bhattacharya, M., Bhattarai, D., Bhuller, S., Bhuyan, B., Biagi, S., Bian, J., Biassoni, M., Biery, K., Bilki, B., Bishai, M., Bisignani, V., Bitadze, A., Blake, A., Blaszczyk, F. D., Blazey, G. C., Blend, D., Blucher, E., Boissevain, J., Bolognesi, S., Bolton, T., Bomben, L., Bonesini, M., Bonilla-Diaz, C., Bonini, F., Booth, A., Boran, F., Bordoni, S., Borkum, A., Bostan, N., Bour, P., Boyden, D., Bracinik, J., Braga, D., Brailsford, D., Branca, A., Brandt, A., Bravo-Moreno, M., Bremer, J., Brew, C., Brice, S. J., Brizzolari, C., Bromberg, C., Brooke, J., Bross, A., Brunetti, G., Brunetti, M., Buchanan, N., Budd, H., Buergi, J., V., G. Caceres, Cagnoli, I., Cai, T., Caiulo, D., Calabrese, R., Calafiura, P., Calcutt, J., Calin, M., Calivers, L., Calvez, S., Calvo, E., Caminata, A., Caratelli, D., Carber, D., Carceller, J. C., Carini, G., Carlus, B., Carneiro, M. F., Carniti, P., Terrazas, I. Caro, Carranza, H., Carrara, N., Carroll, L., Carroll, T., Carter, A., Forero, J. F. Castaño, Castillo, A., Catano-Mur, E., Cattadori, C., Cavalier, F., Cavallaro, G., Cavanna, F., Centro, S., Cerati, G., Cervelli, A., Villanueva, A. Cervera, Chakraborty, K., Chalifour, M., Chappell, A., Chardonnet, E., Charitonidis, N., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, H., Chen, M., Chen, Y., Chen, Z., Chen-Wishart, Z., Cheon, Y., Cherdack, D., Chi, C., Childress, S., Chirco, R., Chiriacescu, A., Chitirasreemadam, N., Cho, K., Choate, S., Chokheli, D., Chong, P. S., Chowdhury, B., Christensen, A., Christian, D., Christodoulou, G., Chukanov, A., Chung, M., Church, E., Cicero, V., Clapa, D., Clarke, P., Cline, G., Coan, T. E., Cocco, A. G., Coelho, J. A. B., Cohen, A., Collot, J., Conley, E., Conrad, J. M., Convery, M., Copello, S., Cova, P., Cox, C., Cremaldi, L., Cremonesi, L., Crespo-Anadón, J. I., Crisler, M., Cristaldo, E., Crnkovic, J., Crone, G., Cross, R., Cudd, A., Cuesta, C., Cui, Y., Cussans, D., Dai, J., Dalager, O., Dallavalle, R., da Motta, H., Dar, Z. A., Darby, R., Peres, L. Da Silva, David, C., David, Q., Davies, G. S., Davini, S., Dawson, J., De, K., De, S., De Aguiar, R., De Almeida, P., Debbins, P., De Bonis, I., Decowski, M. P., de Gouvêa, A., De Holanda, P. C., Astiz, I. L. De Icaza, Deisting, A., De Jong, P., De la Torre, A., Delbart, A., De Leo, V., Delepine, D., Delgado, M., Dell'Acqua, A., Delmonte, N., De Lurgio, P., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, DeMuth, D. M., Dennis, S., Densham, C., Denton, P., Deptuch, G. W., De Roeck, A., De Romeri, V., De Souza, G., Detje, J. P., Devi, R., Dharmapalan, R., Dias, M., Díaz, J. S., Díaz, F., Di Capua, F., Di Domenico, A., Di Domizio, S., Di Falco, S., Di Giulio, L., Ding, P., Di Noto, L., Diociaiuti, E., Distefano, C., Diurba, R., Diwan, M., Djurcic, Z., Doering, D., Dolan, S., Dolek, F., Dolinski, M. J., Domenici, D., Domine, L., Donati, S., Donon, Y., Doran, S., Douglas, D., Dragone, A., Drielsma, F., Duarte, L., Duchesneau, D., Duffy, K., Dugas, K., Dunne, P., Dutta, B., Duyang, H., Dvornikov, O., Dwyer, D. A., Dyshkant, A. S., Eads, M., Earle, A., Edmunds, D., Eisch, J., Emberger, L., Englezos, P., Ereditato, A., Erjavec, T., Escobar, C. O., Evans, J. J., Ewart, E., Ezeribe, A. C., Fahey, K., Fajt, L., Falcone, A., Fani', M., Farnese, C., Farzan, Y., Fedoseev, D., Felix, J., Feng, Y., Fernandez-Martinez, E., Ferraro, F., Fields, L., Filip, P., Filkins, A., Filthaut, F., Fine, R., Fiorillo, G., Fiorini, M., Fischer, V., Fitzpatrick, R. S., Flanagan, W., Fleming, B., Flight, R., Fogarty, S., Foreman, W., Fowler, J., Franc, J., Franco, D., Freeman, J., Fried, J., Friedland, A., Fuess, S., Furic, I. K., Furman, K., Furmanski, A. P., Gabrielli, A., Gago, A., Gallagher, H., Gallas, A., Gallego-Ros, A., Gallice, N., Galymov, V., Gamberini, E., Gamble, T., Ganacim, F., Gandhi, R., Ganguly, S., Gao, F., Gao, S., Garcia-Gamez, D., García-Peris, M. Á., Gardiner, S., Gastler, D., Gauch, A., Gauvreau, J., Gauzzi, P., Ge, G., Geffroy, N., Gelli, B., Gendotti, A., Gent, S., Gerlach, L., Ghorbani-Moghaddam, Z., Giammaria, P., Giammaria, T., Giangiacomi, N., Gibin, D., Gil-Botella, I., Gilligan, S., Gioiosa, A., Giovannella, S., Girerd, C., Giri, A. K., Gnani, D., Gogota, O., Gold, M., Gollapinni, S., Gollwitzer, K., Gomes, R. A., Bermeo, L. V. Gomez, Fajardo, L. S. Gomez, Gonnella, F., Gonzalez-Diaz, D., Gonzalez-Lopez, M., Goodman, M. C., Goodwin, O., Goswami, S., Gotti, C., Goudeau, J., Goudzovski, E., Grace, C., Gran, R., Granados, E., Granger, P., Grant, C., Gratieri, D., Green, P., Greenberg, S., Greenler, L., Greer, J., Grenard, J., Griffith, W. C., Groetschla, F. T., Groh, M., Grzelak, K., Gu, W., Guarino, V., Guarise, M., Guenette, R., Guerard, E., Guerzoni, M., Guffanti, D., Guglielmi, A., Guo, B., Gupta, A., Gupta, V., Guthikonda, K. K., Guzowski, P., Guzzo, M. M., Gwon, S., Ha, C., Haaf, K., Habig, A., Hadavand, H., Hadef, A., Haenni, R., Hagaman, L., Hahn, A., Haiston, J., Hamacher-Baumann, P., Hamernik, T., Hamilton, P., Han, J., Hancock, J., Happacher, F., Harris, D. A., Hartnell, J., Hartnett, T., Harton, J., Hasegawa, T., Hasnip, C., Hatcher, R., Hatfield, K. W., Hatzikoutelis, A., Hayes, C., Hayrapetyan, K., Hays, J., Hazen, E., He, M., Heavey, A., Heeger, K. M., Heise, J., Henry, S., Morquecho, M. A. Hernandez, Herner, K., Hewes, V., Hilgenberg, C., Hill, T., Hillier, S. J., Himmel, A., Hinkle, E., Hirsch, L. R., Ho, J., Hoff, J., Holin, A., Holvey, T., Hoppe, E., Horton-Smith, G. A., Hostert, M., Houdy, T., Hourlier, A., Howard, B., Howell, R., Barrios, J. Hoyos, Hristova, I., Hronek, M. S., Huang, J., Huang, R. G., Hulcher, Z., Iles, G., Ilic, N., Iliescu, A. M., Illingworth, R., Ingratta, G., Ioannisian, A., Irwin, B., Isenhower, L., Oliveira, M. Ismerio, Itay, R., Jackson, C. M., Jain, V., James, E., Jang, W., Jargowsky, B., Jediny, F., Jena, D., Jeong, Y. S., Jesús-Valls, C., Ji, X., Jiang, J., Jiang, L., Jipa, A., Jo, J. H., Joaquim, F. R., Johnson, W., Jones, B., Jones, R., Jovancevic, N., Judah, M., Jung, C. K., Junk, T., Jwa, Y., Kabirnezhad, M., Kaboth, A., Kadenko, I., Kakorin, I., Kalitkina, A., Kalra, D., Koseyan, O. Kamer, Kamiya, F., Kaplan, D. M., Karagiorgi, G., Karaman, G., Karcher, A., Karyotakis, Y., Kasai, S., Kasetti, S. P., Kashur, L., Katsioulas, I., Kazaryan, N., Kearns, E., Keener, P., Kelly, K. J., Kemp, E., Kemularia, O., Kermaidic, Y., Ketchum, W., Kettell, S. H., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Khvedelidze, A., Kim, D., King, B., Kirby, B., Kirby, M., Klein, J., Kleykamp, J., Klustova, A., Kobilarcik, T., Koehler, K., Koerner, L. W., Koh, D. H., Kohn, S., Koller, P. P., Kolupaeva, L., Korablev, D., Kordosky, M., Kosc, T., Kose, U., Kostelecký, V. A., Kothekar, K., Kotler, I., Kozhukalov, V., Kralik, R., Kreczko, L., Krennrich, F., Kreslo, I., Kropp, W., Kroupova, T., Kubu, M., Kudenko, Y., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Kuhlmann, S., Kulagin, S., Kumar, J., Kumar, P., Kunze, P., Kuravi, R., Kurita, N., Kuruppu, C., Kus, V., Kutter, T., Kvasnicka, J., Kwak, D., Lambert, A., Land, B. J., Lane, C. E., Lang, K., Langford, T., Langstaff, M., Lanni, F., Lantwin, O., Larkin, J., Lasorak, P., Last, D., Laundrie, A., Laurenti, G., Lawrence, A., Laycock, P., Lazanu, I., Lazzaroni, M., Le, T., Leardini, S., Learned, J., LeBrun, P., LeCompte, T., Lee, C., Legin, V., Miotto, G. Lehmann, Lehnert, R., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Leitner, M., Lepin, L. M., Li, S. W., Li, Y., Liao, H., Lin, C. S., Lin, S., Lindebaum, D., Lineros, R. A., Ling, J., Lister, A., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J., Liu, Y., Lockwitz, S., Loew, T., Lokajicek, M., Lomidze, I., Long, K., Lord, T., LoSecco, J. M., Louis, W. C., Lu, X. -G., Luk, K. B., Lunday, B., Luo, X., Luppi, E., Lux, T., Luzio, V. P., Maalmi, J., MacFarlane, D., Machado, A. A., Machado, P., Macias, C. T., Macier, J. R., MacMahon, M., Maddalena, A., Madera, A., Madigan, P., Magill, S., Mahn, K., Maio, A., Major, A., Majumdar, K., Maloney, J. A., Man, M., Mandrioli, G., Mandujano, R. C., Maneira, J., Manenti, L., Manly, S., Mann, A., Manolopoulos, K., Plata, M. Manrique, Manyam, V. N., Marchan, M., Marchionni, A., Marciano, W., Marfatia, D., Mariani, C., Maricic, J., Marinho, F., Marino, A. D., Markiewicz, T., Marsden, D., Marshak, M., Marshall, C. M., Marshall, J., Marteau, J., Martín-Albo, J., Martinez, N., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, López, F. Martínez, Miravé, P. Martínez, Martynenko, S., Mascagna, V., Mason, K., Mastbaum, A., Matichard, F., Matsuno, S., Matthews, J., Mauger, C., Mauri, N., Mavrokoridis, K., Mawby, I., Mazza, R., Mazzacane, A., McAskill, T., McCluskey, E., McConkey, N., McFarland, K. S., McGrew, C., McNab, A., Mefodiev, A., Mehta, P., Melas, P., Mena, O., Mendez, H., Mendez, P., Méndez, D. P., Menegolli, A., Meng, G., Messier, M. D., Metcalf, W., Mewes, M., Meyer, H., Miao, T., Michna, G., Mikola, V., Milincic, R., Miller, G., Miller, W., Mills, J., Mineev, O., Minotti, A., Miranda, O. G., Miryala, S., Miscetti, S., Mishra, C. S., Mishra, S. R., Mislivec, A., Mitchell, M., Mladenov, D., Mocioiu, I., Moffat, K., Mogan, A., Moggi, N., Mohanta, R., Mohayai, T. A., Mokhov, N., Molina, J., Bueno, L. Molina, Montagna, E., Montanari, A., Montanari, C., Montanari, D., Montanino, D., Zetina, L. M. Montaño, Moon, S. H., Mooney, M., Moor, A. F., Moreno, D., Morescalchi, L., Moretti, D., Morris, C., Mossey, C., Mote, M., Motuk, E., Moura, C. A., Mousseau, J., Mouster, G., Mu, W., Mualem, L., Mueller, J., Muether, M., Muheim, F., Muir, A., Mulhearn, M., Munford, D., Munteanu, L. J., Muramatsu, H., Muraz, J., Murphy, M., Murphy, S., Musser, J., Nachtman, J., Nagai, Y., Nagu, S., Nalbandyan, M., Nandakumar, R., Naples, D., Narita, S., Nath, A., Navrer-Agasson, A., Nayak, N., Nebot-Guinot, M., Negishi, K., Nelson, J. K., Nelson, M., Nesbit, J., Nessi, M., Newbold, D., Newcomer, M., Newton, H., Nichol, R., Nicolas-Arnaldos, F., Nikolica, A., Nikolov, J., Niner, E., Nishimura, K., Norman, A., Norrick, A., Novella, P., Nowak, J. A., Oberling, M., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olivier, A., Olshevskiy, A., Onel, Y., Onishchuk, Y., Ott, J., Pagani, L., Palacio, G., Palamara, O., Palestini, S., Paley, J. M., Pallavicini, M., Palomares, C., Pan, S., Vazquez, W. Panduro, Pantic, E., Paolone, V., Papadimitriou, V., Papaleo, R., Papanestis, A., Paramesvaran, S., Parke, S., Parozzi, E., Parsa, S., Parsa, Z., Parveen, S., Parvu, M., Pasciuto, D., Pascoli, S., Pasqualini, L., Pasternak, J., Pater, J., Patrick, C., Patrizii, L., Patterson, R. B., Patton, S. 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A., Sankey, D., Santoro, D., Saoulidou, N., Sapienza, P., Sarasty, C., Sarcevic, I., Sarra, I., Savage, G., Savinov, V., Scanavini, G., Scaramelli, A., Scarff, A., Scarpelli, A., Schefke, T., Schellman, H., Schifano, S., Schlabach, P., Schmitz, D., Schneider, A. W., Scholberg, K., Schukraft, A., Segreto, E., Selyunin, A., Senise, C. R., Sensenig, J., Sgalaberna, D., Shaevitz, M. H., Shafaq, S., Shaker, F., Shamma, M., Shanahan, P., Sharankova, R., Sharma, H. R., Sharma, R., Kumar, R., Shaw, K., Shaw, T., Shchablo, K., Shepherd-Themistocleous, C., Sheshukov, A., Shi, W., Shin, S., Shoemaker, I., Shooltz, D., Shrock, R., Silber, J., Simard, L., Sinclair, J., Sinev, G., Singh, Jaydip, Singh, J., Singh, L., Singh, P., Singh, V., Chauhan, S. Singh, Sipos, R., Sirri, G., Sitraka, A., Siyeon, K., Skarpaas, K., Smith, E., Smith, P., Smolik, J., Smy, M., Snider, E. L., Snopok, P., Snowden-Ifft, D., Nunes, M. Soares, Sobel, H., Soderberg, M., Sokolov, S., Salinas, C. J. 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V., Wallbank, M., Walton, T., Wang, H., Wang, J., Wang, L., Wang, M. H. L. S., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Warburton, K., Warner, D., Wascko, M. O., Waters, D., Watson, A., Wawrowska, K., Weatherly, P., Weber, A., Weber, M., Wei, H., Weinstein, A., Wenman, D., Wetstein, M., Whilhelmi, J., White, A., Whitehead, L. H., Whittington, D., Wilking, M. J., Wilkinson, A., Wilkinson, C., Williams, Z., Wilson, F., Wilson, R. J., Wisniewski, W., Wolcott, J., Wolfs, J., Wongjirad, T., Wood, A., Wood, K., Worcester, E., Worcester, M., Wospakrik, M., Wresilo, K., Wret, C., Wu, S., Wu, W., Wurm, M., Wyenberg, J., Xiao, Y., Xiotidis, I., Yaeggy, B., Yahlali, N., Yandel, E., Yang, G., Yang, K., Yang, T., Yankelevich, A., Yershov, N., Yonehara, K., Yoon, Y. S., Young, T., Yu, B., Yu, H., Yu, J., Yu, Y., Yuan, W., Zaki, R., Zalesak, J., Zambelli, L., Zamorano, B., Zani, A., Zazueta, L., Zeller, G. P., Zennamo, J., Zeug, K., Zhang, C., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhao, M., Zhivun, E., Zimmerman, E. D., Zucchelli, S., Zuklin, J., Zutshi, V., and Zwaska, R.
Subjects: Physics - Computational Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The rapid development of general-purpose computing on graphics processing units (GPGPU) is allowing the implementation of highly-parallelized Monte Carlo simulation chains for particle physics experiments. This technique is particularly suitable for the simulation of a pixelated charge readout for time projection chambers, given the large number of channels that this technology employs. Here we present the first implementation of a full microphysical simulator of a liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) equipped with light readout and pixelated charge readout, developed for the DUNE Near Detector. The software is implemented with an end-to-end set of GPU-optimized algorithms. The algorithms have been written in Python and translated into CUDA kernels using Numba, a just-in-time compiler for a subset of Python and NumPy instructions. The GPU implementation achieves a speed up of four orders of magnitude compared with the equivalent CPU version. The simulation of the current induced on $10^3$ pixels takes around 1 ms on the GPU, compared with approximately 10 s on the CPU. The results of the simulation are compared against data from a pixel-readout LArTPC prototype., Comment: 26 pages, 15 figures
Published: 2022

39. Lumbar Epidural versus Caudal Epidural for Postoperative Analgesia After Lower Extremity Osteotomy Surgery in Pediatric Patients with Osteogenesis Imperfecta: A Propensity-Matched Cohort Analysis in a Single-Center Over 9 Years

Author: Mu J, Xiong S, Yang G, Wang F, Li X, Gao Q, Niu Q, Wong SSC, Xu X, Chan Y, and Li Y
Subjects: lumbar epidural, caudal epidural, osteotomy surgery, osteogenesis imperfecta, cohort analysis, pain management, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Jingjing Mu,1,2,&ast; Shiyi Xiong,2,&ast; Guixiang Yang,2 Fengfeng Wang,3 Xuanying Li,2 Qiong Gao,2 Qiang Niu,2 Stanley Sau Ching Wong,3 Xuebing Xu,2 Yauwai Chan,2,&ast; Yalan Li1,&ast; 1Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anaesthesiology, the University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yalan Li, Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613500013993, Email tyalan@jnu.edu.cn Yauwai Chan, Department of Anesthesiology, the University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 150 0204 8972, Email cywz01@hku.hkPurpose: Although pediatric epidural analgesia is a well-established technique used perioperatively. It is unclear whether a lumbar or caudal epidural is suitable for osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) patients, which may be associated with brittle bones and spine deformity. We conducted a retrospective study to investigate and compare the efficacy of the two continuous epidural techniques in pediatric patients undergoing lower extremity osteotomy surgery using a propensity score-matched analysis (PSMA).Patients and Methods: A total of 274 patients were included. Patients’ age, weight, and height were adjusted using PSMA. 90 patients were matched for further analysis, with 45 patients in the lumbar epidural group (Group L) and 45 patients in the caudal epidural group (Group C). Pain scores were categorized into three grades: mild (0– 3), moderate (4– 6), and severe (7– 10), and compared between the two groups. Additionally, operation time, operation site, blood loss, scoliosis, oral analgesic medications, and catheter or nerve-related complications were compared.Results: There were no significant differences in operation time, operation site, scoliosis, and blood loss between the two groups. The percentage of moderate to severe pain during movement was significantly higher in Group L than in Group C, with 37.5% versus 17.5% on the second-day post-operation (P=0.039). However, no statistically significant difference was observed on other days. Additionally, there was no significant difference in oral medication consumption and complications between the two groups.Conclusion: Both lumbar and caudal epidural analgesia can be effectively used postoperatively, and a caudal epidural should be considered where performing a lumbar epidural is challenging in OI pediatric patients.Plain Language Summary: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a rare genetic disorder that affects the body’s connective tissues, particularly the bones and ligaments. It is caused by abnormalities in type I collagen, which leads to skeletal fragility known as “brittle bones”. This fragility can cause various issues, including an increased risk of fractures from minor trauma, limb deformities, and unusual fractures such as vertebral compressions. OI patients may also experience spinal manifestations such as scoliosis and kyphosis.Lumbar epidural analgesia has been found to be effective in providing pain relief for surgeries that involve the lower extremities. Additionally, caudal epidural analgesia has also demonstrated its effectiveness in providing postoperative analgesia for surgeries that affect the lower limbs. However, there is still debate about the safety of epidural analgesia in patients with skeletal dysplasias, especially those with OI. Despite this uncertainty, our center, which was supported by the Rare Diseases Public Welfare Organization, has successfully used epidural analgesia since 2015 in the southern part of China for OI surgeries.We conducted a retrospective study to share our experiences of nine years of practice and compare lumbar epidural with caudal epidural using a propensity score matching to balance basic demographics. We also compared the presence of scoliosis. Our findings suggest that both lumbar and caudal epidural analgesia can be safely used in OI patients. In cases where lumbar punctures may pose challenges due to potential spine deformities, the caudal route can be an alternative.Keywords: Lumbar epidural, caudal epidural, osteotomy surgery, osteogenesis imperfecta, cohort analysis, pain management
Published: 2024

40. Interocular Symmetry and Intermachine Reproducibility of Optic Disc and Macular Parameters Measured by Two Different Models of Optical Coherence Tomography

Author: Firdaus S, Pereira LF, Yang G, and Huang-Link Y
Subjects: neuro imaging, optics/refraction/instruments, optical coherence tomography, interocular symmetry, intermachine reproducibility, retina, ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer, interchangeability, Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract: Salma Firdaus,1,&ast; Lívia Figueiredo Pereira,2,&ast; Ge Yang,3 Yumin Huang-Link4 1Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; 2Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; 3Huizhou Aier Eye Hospital, Aier Eye Hospital Group, Huizhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China; 4Division of Neurology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ge Yang, Huizhou Aier Eye Hospital, Aier Eye Hospital Group, Huizhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China, Email geyang95@sina.comPurpose: To compare the interocular symmetry and investigate the intermachine reproducibility of optic disc and macular data measured by spectral-domain high-definition optical coherence tomography (HD-OCT) Cirrus HD-OCT 4000 and HD-OCT 5000 from healthy subjects.Patients and Methods: Forty-three volunteers were examined with both HD-OCT 4000 and HD-OCT 5000 at the same visit. Optic nerve head (ONH) and macular data were acquired using ONH Cube 200× 200 scans and macular volume cube 512× 128 scans, respectively.Results: The average age of the participants was 33 ± 8.6 years. Interocular OCT parameters of ONH and macula showed a high correlation between the right and left eyes regardless of HD-OCT models, displaying a low coefficient of variation (CV). However, the average retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) was thicker (96.67± 11.19μm vs 95.3± 10.89μm, p< 0.01), and the average central subfield thickness (261.51± 17.45μm vs 262.51± 17.39 μm, p< 0.01) and cube average thickness (283.91± 13.59μm vs 286.55± 13.09μm, p< 0.05) were thinner when measured by Cirrus 4000 compared to 5000. Intermachine reproducibility and reliability of RNFL and macular parameters exhibited a high intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) (0.985) and low CV (2.4%). Ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) measured by two OCT models showed similar values with an average thickness of 85 μm and had high intermachine reproducibility with high ICC (0.993) and low CV (1.2%).Conclusion: High interocular symmetry was observed across both HD-OCT models. Intermachine reproducibility for RNFL and all macular parameters was also high. GCIPL showed minimal intermachine differences with high reproducibility and reliability. Thus, the results imply that GCIPL values measured by two Cirrus OCT models may be used interchangeably.Keywords: neuro imaging, optical coherence tomography, interocular symmetry, intermachine reproducibility, retina, ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer, interchangeability
Published: 2024

41. Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Oliceridine Fumarate Injection in Chinese Patients with Chronic Non-Cancer Pain: A Phase I, Single-Ascending-Dose, Open-Label Clinical Trial

Author: Ni Y, Huang R, Yang S, Yang XY, Zeng S, Yao A, Huang J, and Yang G
Subjects: pharmacokinetics, oliceridine, chronic pain, g-protein-biased ligand, phase i trial, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Yuncheng Ni,1,&ast; Ranglang Huang,2,&ast; Shuang Yang,3 Xiao Yan Yang,3 Shan Zeng,3 An Yao,3 Jie Huang,3 Guoping Yang3,4 1Department of Pain, The Third Xiangya Hospital and Institute of Pain Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People’s Republic of China; 3Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People’s Republic of China; 4Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jie Huang; Guoping Yang, Email cellahuang1988@163.com; ygp9880@126.comBackground: Oliceridine is a novel G protein‐biased ligand μ-opioid receptor agonist. This study aimed to assess the pharmacokinetics and safety profile of single-ascending doses of oliceridine fumarate injection in Chinese patients with chronic non-cancer pain.Methods: Conducted as a single-center, open-label trial, this study administered single doses of 0.75, 1.5, and 3.0 mg to 32 adult participants. The trial was conducted in two parts. First, we conducted a preliminary test comprising the administration of a single dose of 0.75mg to 2 participants. Then, we conducted the main trial involving intravenous administration of escalating doses of oliceridine fumarate (0.75 to 3 mg) to 30 participants. Pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters were derived using non-compartmental analysis. Additionally, the safety evaluation encompassed the monitoring of adverse events (AEs).Results: 32 participants were included in the PK and safety analyses. Following a 2-min intravenous infusion of oliceridine fumarate injection (0.75, 1.5, or 3 mg), Cmax and Tmax ranged from 51.293 to 81.914 ng/mL and 0.034 to 0.083 h, respectively. AUC0-t and half-life (t1/2) increased more than proportionally with dosage (1.85– 2.084 h). Treatment emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were found to be consistent with the commonly reported adverse effects of opioids, both post-administration and as documented in the original trials conducted in the United States. Critically, no serious adverse events were observed.Conclusion: Oliceridine demonstrated comparable PK parameters and a consistent PK profile in the Chinese population, in line with the PK results observed in the original trials conducted in the United States. Oliceridine was safe and well tolerated in Chinese patients with chronic non-cancer pain at doses ranging from 0.75 mg to 3.0 mg.Trial Registration: The trial is registered at chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR2100047180).Keywords: pharmacokinetics, oliceridine, chronic pain, G-protein-biased ligand, phase I trial
Published: 2024

42. The Impact of Proton Pump Inhibitors on the Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Combinations in Patients with HBV-Associated Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Author: Wang N, Xu Y, Yang G, Chen H, Wang X, Fu J, Li L, and Pan X
Subjects: hepatocellular carcinoma, immune checkpoint inhibitors, proton pump inhibitors, chronic hepatitis b virus infection, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Ningning Wang, Yuanyuan Xu, Guangde Yang, He Chen, Xia Wang, Juanjuan Fu, Li Li, Xiucheng Pan Department of Infectious Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xiucheng Pan, Email xzpxc68@126.comPurpose: There is limited research on whether Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) will affect the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).This study aimed to determine whether PPIs affect the survival outcomes of patients with HBV-associated advanced HCC receiving combination therapy based on ICIs.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated advanced HCC who underwent ICIs combination therapy from January 1, 2020, to December 30, 2022. Patients were stratified into PPI and non-PPI groups based on whether they received PPI treatment within 30 days before or after ICIs therapy. Patients’ survival and the risk of PPI-associated mortality was assessed. Adverse events were also evaluated.Results: A total of 183 patients with HBV-associated HCC treated with ICI combination therapy were included. The median survival time (12.5 months vs 13.7 months, P = 0.285) and incidence of adverse events (P = 0.729) did not significantly differ between the PPI and non-PPI groups. Even after propensity score matching, the difference in median overall survival (OS) between the two groups was not significant (10.7 months vs 11.4 months; P = 0.596) and the patient’s OS is not significantly related to the dosage of PPI application (P > 0.05).However, according to our subgroup analysis, among HCC patients with a serum HBV DNA concentration ≥ 200 IU/mL, the use of PPIs significantly increased the risk of mortality in patients receiving ICI combination therapy (P = 0.024).Conclusion: PPIs do not notably influence the survival prognosis of patients receiving ICI combination therapy for HBV-associated advanced HCC. However, among patients with high levels of HBV DNA, PPIs increase the risk of mortality. Therefore, antiviral therapy should be intensified in the patients with HBVDNA > 200 IU/mL. Additionally, PPIs do not impact the incidence of adverse reactions in these patients.Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, immune checkpoint inhibitors, proton pump inhibitors, chronic hepatitis B virus infection
Published: 2024

43. Can Ultrasound Evaluation of Lymph Node Size and Necrosis Rate Predict Chemotherapy Response in Cervical Tuberculous Lymphadenitis?

Author: Zhang Y, Chen P, Yu T, Yu Y, Yan X, Chu J, and Yang G
Subjects: ultrasound, tuberculous lymphadenitis, cervical, anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy, response, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract: Ying Zhang,1,&ast; Peijun Chen,1,&ast; Tianzhuo Yu,1 Yuehui Yu,2 Xinyi Yan,2 Jie Chu,1 Gaoyi Yang3 1Department of Ultrasonography, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital (Zhejiang Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment Center), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Division of Health Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Ultrasonography, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Gaoyi Yang, Department of Ultrasonography, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China, Email yanggaoyi8@163.comPurpose: To explore the relationship between the initial size and the necrotic rate of lymph nodes evaluated by ultrasound in patients with cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis (CTL) and therapeutic response.Methods: Overall, 55 patients were included in this study. Conventional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination were performed before anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy. Based on the different therapeutic outcomes, they were divided into responder groups (n = 39) and non-responder groups (n = 16). The relationship between the initial size (maximum area, length diameter, short diameter), rate of necrosis, and therapeutic response were compared and analyzed between two groups.Results: There was a significant difference in maximum area, short diameter and rate of necrosis of lymph nodes between the responder groups and the non-responder groups (P < 0.05). The receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to differentiate the two groups, it showed that the area under the curve was 0.746 for maximum area and 0.721 for short diameter, respectively. The cut-off value for the lymph node maximum area and short diameter based on ROC curve analysis was determined as 3.94cm2 (sensitivity 76.9%, specificity 68.7%) and 1.15cm (sensitivity 59.0%, specificity 93.7%), respectively. A negative correlation was observed between maximum area, short diameter, and therapeutic response.Conclusion: The initial maximum area and short diameter of lymph nodes were found to have a negative correlation with chemotherapy response in patients with CTL. The treatment outcomes are typically unsatisfactory for lymph nodes exhibiting an initial necrosis rate of 50% or higher. These findings may be helpful for evaluating therapeutic response.Plain Language Summary: In this study, we evaluated the relationship between the initial size and the necrotic rate by ultrasound with cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis (CTL) and therapeutic response. We found that the initial maximum area and short diameter of lymph nodes have a negative correlation with chemotherapy response in patients with CTL. The treatment outcomes are typically unsatisfactory for lymph nodes exhibiting an initial necrosis rate of 50% or higher. These findings may be helpful for evaluating therapeutic response in the early stages.Keywords: ultrasound, tuberculous lymphadenitis, cervical, anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy, response
Published: 2024

44. Herbal Medicine-Derived Exosome-Like Nanovesicles: A Rising Star in Cancer Therapy

Author: Chu K, Liu J, Zhang X, Wang M, Yu W, Chen Y, Xu L, Yang G, Zhang N, and Zhao T
Subjects: herbal medicine, plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles, extracellular vesicles, cancer treatment, nanomedicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Kaifei Chu,1,2,&ast; Jie Liu,2,&ast; Xu Zhang,1,2 Minran Wang,1 Wanping Yu,1 Yuyue Chen,1 Lingling Xu,2 Geng Yang,1 Naru Zhang,1 Tiejun Zhao1,2 1Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Tiejun Zhao; Naru Zhang, Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310015, People’s Republic of China, Email tjzhao@hzcu.edu.cn; zhangnr@hzcu.edu.cnAbstract: Plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (PDNVs) are small nanoscale vesicles containing lipids, RNAs, proteins and some plant natural products secreted by plant cells. Over the last decade, PDNVs have garnered significant interest due to its exceptional therapeutic benefits in the treatment of various diseases. Herbal medicine, as a medicinal plant, plays an important role in the treatment of diseases including cancer. Especially in recent years, the function of herbal medicine derived exosome-like nanovesicles (HMDNVs) in the treatment of cancer has been widely concerned, and has become a research hotspot of nanomedicine. In this review, the biological characteristics, functions and the therapeutic advantages of PDNVs are reviewed, as well as the recent achievements and research progress of HMDNVs in cancer treatment, demonstrating its enormous promise as a cancer therapy, and new insights are provided for future research and development of anti-tumor drugs.Keywords: herbal medicine, plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles, extracellular vesicles, cancer treatment, nanomedicine
Published: 2024

45. Hair Follicle-Targeted Delivery of Azelaic Acid Micro/Nanocrystals Promote the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris

Author: Ji Y, Li H, Li J, Yang G, Zhang W, Shen Y, Xu B, Liu J, Wen J, and Song W
Subjects: acne vulgaris, azelaic acid, hair follicle, micro/nanocrystals, targeted delivery., Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Yan Ji,1 Haorong Li,1 Jiguo Li,2 Guangqiang Yang,1 Wenli Zhang,1 Yan Shen,1 Bohui Xu,3 Jianping Liu,1 Jingyuan Wen,4 Wenting Song1 1Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 2Nanjing Miaobang Meiye Enterprise Management Co, LTD, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China; 4School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New ZealandCorrespondence: Wenting Song, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, People’s Republic of China, Email songwenting908@163.com Jingyuan Wen, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, the University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand, Email j.wen@auckland.ac.nzPurpose: Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder centered on hair follicles, making hair follicle-targeted delivery of anti-acne drugs a promising option for acne treatment. However, current researches have only focused on the delivering to healthy hair follicles, which are intrinsically different from pathologically clogged hair follicles in acne vulgaris.Patients and Methods: Azelaic acid (AZA) micro/nanocrystals with different particle sizes were prepared by wet media milling or high-pressure homogenization. An experiment on AZA micro/nanocrystals delivering to healthy hair follicles was carried out, with and without the use of physical enhancement techniques. More importantly, it innovatively designed an experiment, which could reveal the ability of AZA micro/nanocrystals to penetrate the constructed clogged hair follicles. The anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects of AZA micro/nanocrystals were evaluated in vitro using a RAW264.7 cell model stimulated by lipopolysaccharide and a Cutibacterium acnes model. Finally, both the anti-acne effects and skin safety of AZA micro/nanocrystals and commercial products were compared in vivo.Results: In comparison to commercial products, 200 nm and 500 nm AZA micro/nanocrystals exhibited an increased capacity to target hair follicles. In the combination group of AZA micro/nanocrystals and ultrasound, the ability to penetrate hair follicles was further remarkably enhanced (ER value up to 9.6). However, toward the clogged hair follicles, AZA micro/nanocrystals cannot easily penetrate into by themselves. Only with the help of 1% salicylic acid, AZA micro/nanocrystals had a great potential to penetrate clogged hair follicle. It was also shown that AZA micro/nanocrystals had anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects by inhibiting pro-inflammatory factors and Cutibacterium acnes. Compared with commercial products, the combination of AZA micro/nanocrystals and ultrasound exhibited an obvious advantage in both skin safety and in vivo anti-acne therapeutic efficacy.Conclusion: Hair follicle-targeted delivery of AZA micro/nanocrystals provided a satisfactory alternative in promoting the treatment of acne vulgaris.Keywords: acne vulgaris, azelaic acid, hair follicle, micro/nanocrystals, targeted delivery
Published: 2024

46. Human Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter 1: Novel Biomarker and Prognostic Indicator for Patients with Gemcitabine-Treated Pancreatic Cancer

Author: Xiao J, Zhao F, Luo W, Yang G, Wang Y, Qiu J, Liu Y, You L, Zheng L, and Zhang T
Subjects: pancreatic cancer, human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hent1), gemcitabine chemoresistance, prognostic indicator, survival improvement, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Jianchun Xiao,1,&ast; Fangyu Zhao,1,&ast; Wenhao Luo,1,&ast; Gang Yang,1 Yicheng Wang,1 Jiangdong Qiu,1 Yueze Liu,1 Lei You,1 Lianfang Zheng,2 Taiping Zhang1,3 1Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of China; 3Clinical Immunology Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Taiping Zhang, Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of China, Email zhangtaiping@pumch.cnAim: This article aimed to find appropriate pancreatic cancer (PC) patients to treat with Gemcitabine with better survival outcomes by detecting hENT1 levels.Methods: We collected surgical pathological tissues from PC patients who received radical surgery in our hospital from September 2004 to December 2014. A total of 375 PC tissues and paired adjacent nontumor tissues were employed for the construction of 4 tissue microarrays (TMAs). The quality of the 4 TMAs was examined by HE staining. We performed immunohistochemistry analysis to evaluate hENT1 expression in the TMAs. Moreover, we detected hENT1 expression level and proved the role of hENT1 in cell proliferation, drug resistance, migration and invasion in vivo and vitro.Results: The results indicated that low hENT1 expression indicated a significantly poor outcome in PC patients, including shortened DFS (21.6± 2.8 months versus 36.9± 4.0 months, p< 0.001) and OS (33.6± 3.9 versus 39.6± 3.9, p=0.004). Meanwhile, patients in stage I/II of TNM stage had a longer OS (40.2± 3.4 versus 15.4± 1.7, p=0.002) and DFS (31.0± 3.1 versus 12.4± 1.9, p=0.016) than patients in stage III/IV. Patients in M0 stage had a longer OS (39.7± 3.4 versus 16.2± 1.9, p=0.026) and DFS(30.7± 3.0 versus 11.8± 2.2, p=0.031) than patients in M1 stage, and patients with tumors not invading the capsule had a better DFS than those with tumor invasion into the capsule (30.8± 3.0 versus 12.6± 2.3, p=0.053). Patients with preoperative CA19-9 values ≤ 467 U/mL have longer DFS than that of patients who had preoperative CA19-9 values > 467 U/mL (37.9± 4.1 versus 22.9± 4.0, p=0.04). In the subgroup analysis, a high hENT1 expression level was related to a longer OS(39.4± 4.0 versus 31.5± 3.9, p=0.001) and DFS(35.7± 4.0 versus 20.6± 2.7; p< 0.0001) in the Gemcitabine subgroup.Conclusion: PC patients with high hENT1 expression have a better survival outcomes when receiving Gemcitabine. hENT1 expression can be a great prognostic indicator for PC patients to receive Gemcitabine treatment.Keywords: pancreatic cancer, human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1, hENT1, gemcitabine chemoresistance, prognostic indicator, survival improvement
Published: 2024

47. Neutron detection and application with a novel 3D-projection scintillator tracker in the future long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments

Author: Gwon, S., Granger, P., Yang, G., Bolognesi, S., Cai, T., Danilov, M., Delbart, A., De Roeck, A., Dolan, S., Eurin, G., Razakamiandra, R. F., Fedotov, S., Aguirre, G. Fiorentini, Flight, R., Gran, R., Ha, C., Jung, C. K., Jung, K. Y., Kettell, S., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Kordosky, M., Kudenko, Y., Kutter, T., Maneira, J., Manly, S., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, Mauger, C., McFarland, K., McGrew, C., Mefodev, A., Mineev, O., Naples, D., Olivier, A., Paolone, V., Prasad, S., Riccio, C., Rondon, J. Rodriguez, Sgalaberna, D., Sitraka, A., Siyeon, K., Skrobova, N., Su, H., Suvorov, S., Teklu, A., Tzanov, M., Valencia, E., Wood, K., Worcester, E., and Yershov, N.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: Neutrino oscillation experiments require a precise measurement of the neutrino energy. However, the kinematic detection of the final-state neutron in the neutrino interaction is missing in current neutrino oscillation experiments. The missing neutron kinematic detection results in a feed-down of the detected neutrino energy compared to the true neutrino energy. A novel 3D\textcolor{black}{-}projection scintillator tracker, which consists of roughly ten million active cubes covered with an optical reflector, is capable of measuring the neutron kinetic energy and direction on an event-by-event basis using the time-of-flight technique thanks to the fast timing, fine granularity, and high light yield. The $\bar{\nu}_{\mu}$ interactions tend to produce neutrons in the final state. By inferring the neutron kinetic energy, the $\bar{\nu}_{\mu}$ energy can be reconstructed better, allowing a tighter incoming neutrino flux constraint. This paper shows the detector's ability to reconstruct neutron kinetic energy and the $\bar{\nu}_{\mu}$ flux constraint achieved by selecting the charged-current interactions without mesons or protons in the final state.
Published: 2022
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48. EOS: a demonstrator of hybrid optical detector technology

Author: Anderson, T., Anderssen, E., Askins, M., Bacon, A. J., Bagdasarian, Z., Baldoni, A., Barros, N., Bartoszek, L., Bergevin, M., Bernstein, A., Blucher, E., Boissevain, J., Bonventre, R., Brown, D., Callaghan, E. J., Cowen, D. F., Dazeley, S., Diwan, M., Duce, M., Fleming, D., Frankiewicz, K., Gooding, D. M., Grant, C., Juechter, J., Kaptanoglu, T., Kim, T., Klein, J. R., Kraus, C., Kroupová, T., Land, B., Lebanowski, L., Lozza, V., Marino, A., Mastbaum, A., Mauger, C., Mayers, G., Minock, J., Naugle, S., Newcomer, M., Nikolica, A., Gann, G. D. Orebi, Pickard, L., Ren, L., Rincon, A., Rowe, N., Saba, J., Schoppmann, S., Sensenig, J., Smiley, M., Song, H., Steiger, H., Svoboda, R., Tiras, E., To, W. H., Trzaska, W. H., Van Berg, R., Veeraraghavan, V., Wallig, J., Wendel, G., Wetstein, M., Wurm, M., Yang, G., Yeh, M., and Zimmerman, E. D.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: EOS is a technology demonstrator, designed to explore the capabilities of hybrid event detection technology, leveraging both Cherenkov and scintillation light simultaneously. With a fiducial mass of four tons, EOS is designed to operate in a high-precision regime, with sufficient size to utilize time-of-flight information for full event reconstruction, flexibility to demonstrate a range of cutting edge technologies, and simplicity of design to facilitate potential future deployment at alternative sites. Results from EOS can inform the design of future neutrino detectors for both fundamental physics and nonproliferation applications.
Published: 2022
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49. Identification and reconstruction of low-energy electrons in the ProtoDUNE-SP detector

Author: DUNE Collaboration, Abud, A. Abed, Abi, B., Acciarri, R., Acero, M. A., Adames, M. R., Adamov, G., Adamowski, M., Adams, D., Adinolfi, M., Adriano, C., Aduszkiewicz, A., Aguilar, J., Ahmad, Z., Ahmed, J., Aimard, B., Akbar, F., Allison, K., Monsalve, S. Alonso, Alrashed, M., Alt, C., Alton, A., Alvarez, R., Amedo, P., Anderson, J., Andrade, D. A., Andreopoulos, C., Andreotti, M., Andrews, M. P., Andrianala, F., Andringa, S., Anfimov, N., Campanelli, W. L. Anicézio, Ankowski, A., Antoniassi, M., Antonova, M., Antoshkin, A., Antusch, S., Aranda-Fernandez, A., Arellano, L., Arnold, L. O., Arroyave, M. A., Asaadi, J., Asquith, L., Aurisano, A., Aushev, V., Autiero, D., Ayala-Torres, M., Azfar, F., Back, A., Back, H., Back, J. J., Bagaturia, I., Bagby, L., Balashov, N., Balasubramanian, S., Baldi, P., Baller, B., Bambah, B., Barao, F., Barenboim, G., Barker, G. J., Barkhouse, W., Barnes, C., Barr, G., Monarca, J. Barranco, Barros, A., Barros, N., Barrow, J. L., Basharina-Freshville, A., Bashyal, A., Basque, V., Batchelor, C., Battat, J. B. R., Battisti, F., Bay, F., Bazetto, M. C. Q., Alba, J. L. L. Bazo, Beacom, J. F., Bechetoille, E., Behera, B., Belchior, E., Bellantoni, L., Bellettini, G., Bellini, V., Beltramello, O., Benekos, N., Montiel, C. Benitez, Benjamin, D., Neves, F. Bento, Berger, J., Berkman, S., Bernardini, P., Berner, R. M., Bersani, A., Bertolucci, S., Betancourt, M., Rodríguez, A. Betancur, Bevan, A., Bezawada, Y., Bezerra, A. T., Bezerra, T. J., Bhambure, J., Bhardwaj, A., Bhatnagar, V., Bhattacharjee, M., Bhattarai, D., Bhuller, S., Bhuyan, B., Biagi, S., Bian, J., Biassoni, M., Biery, K., Bilki, B., Bishai, M., Bisignani, V., Bitadze, A., Blake, A., Blaszczyk, F. D., Blazey, G. C., Blend, D., Blucher, E., Boissevain, J., Bolognesi, S., Bolton, T., Bomben, L., Bonesini, M., Bonilla-Diaz, C., Bonini, F., Booth, A., Boran, F., Bordoni, S., Borkum, A., Bostan, N., Bour, P., Boyden, D., Bracinik, J., Braga, D., Brailsford, D., Branca, A., Brandt, A., Bremer, J., Brew, C., Brice, S. J., Brizzolari, C., Bromberg, C., Brooke, J., Bross, A., Brunetti, G., Brunetti, M., Buchanan, N., Budd, H., Buergi, J., V., G. Caceres, Cagnoli, I., Cai, T., Caiulo, D., Calabrese, R., Calafiura, P., Calcutt, J., Calin, M., Calivers, L., Calvez, S., Calvo, E., Caminata, A., Caratelli, D., Carber, D., Carceller, J. C., Carini, G., Carlus, B., Carneiro, M. F., Carniti, P., Terrazas, I. Caro, Carranza, H., Carrara, N., Carroll, L., Carroll, T., Forero, J. F. Castaño, Castillo, A., Catano-Mur, E., Cattadori, C., Cavalier, F., Cavallaro, G., Cavanna, F., Centro, S., Cerati, G., Cervelli, A., Villanueva, A. Cervera, Chakraborty, K., Chalifour, M., Chappell, A., Chardonnet, E., Charitonidis, N., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, H., Chen, M., Chen, Y., Chen, Z., Chen-Wishart, Z., Cheon, Y., Cherdack, D., Chi, C., Childress, S., Chirco, R., Chiriacescu, A., Chitirasreemadam, N., Cho, K., Choate, S., Chokheli, D., Chong, P. S., Chowdhury, B., Christensen, A., Christian, D., Christodoulou, G., Chukanov, A., Chung, M., Church, E., Cicero, V., Clarke, P., Cline, G., Coan, T. E., Cocco, A. G., Coelho, J. A. B., Collot, J., Conley, E., Conrad, J. M., Convery, M., Copello, S., Cova, P., Cremaldi, L., Cremonesi, L., Crespo-Anadón, J. I., Crisler, M., Cristaldo, E., Crnkovic, J., Cross, R., Cudd, A., Cuesta, C., Cui, Y., Cussans, D., Dalager, O., Dallavalle, R., da Motta, H., Dar, Z. A., Peres, L. Da Silva, David, C., David, Q., Davies, G. S., Davini, S., Dawson, J., De, K., De, S., De Almeida, P., Debbins, P., De Bonis, I., Decowski, M. P., de Gouvêa, A., De Holanda, P. C., Astiz, I. L. De Icaza, Deisting, A., De Jong, P., De la Torre, A., Delbart, A., De Leo, V., Delepine, D., Delgado, M., Dell'Acqua, A., Delmonte, N., De Lurgio, P., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, DeMuth, D. M., Dennis, S., Densham, C., Deptuch, G. W., De Roeck, A., De Romeri, V., De Souza, G., Detje, J. P., Devi, R., Dharmapalan, R., Dias, M., Díaz, J. S., Díaz, F., Di Capua, F., Di Domenico, A., Di Domizio, S., Di Giulio, L., Ding, P., Di Noto, L., Distefano, C., Diurba, R., Diwan, M., Djurcic, Z., Doering, D., Dolan, S., Dolek, F., Dolinski, M. J., Domine, L., Donati, S., Donon, Y., Doran, S., Douglas, D., Dragone, A., Drielsma, F., Duarte, L., Duchesneau, D., Duffy, K., Dugas, K., Dunne, P., Dutta, B., Duyang, H., Dvornikov, O., Dwyer, D. A., Dyshkant, A. S., Eads, M., Earle, A., Edmunds, D., Eisch, J., Emberger, L., Englezos, P., Ereditato, A., Erjavec, T., Escobar, C. O., Evans, J. J., Ewart, E., Ezeribe, A. C., Fahey, K., Fajt, L., Falcone, A., Fani', M., Farnese, C., Farzan, Y., Fedoseev, D., Felix, J., Feng, Y., Fernandez-Martinez, E., Ferraro, F., Fields, L., Filip, P., Filkins, A., Filthaut, F., Fine, R., Fiorillo, G., Fiorini, M., Fischer, V., Fitzpatrick, R. S., Flanagan, W., Fleming, B., Flight, R., Fogarty, S., Foreman, W., Fowler, J., Franc, J., Franco, D., Freeman, J., Freestone, J., Fried, J., Friedland, A., Fuess, S., Furic, I. K., Furman, K., Furmanski, A. P., Gabrielli, A., Gago, A., Gallagher, H., Gallas, A., Gallego-Ros, A., Gallice, N., Galymov, V., Gamberini, E., Gamble, T., Ganacim, F., Gandhi, R., Ganguly, S., Gao, F., Gao, S., Garcia-Gamez, D., García-Peris, M. Á., Gardiner, S., Gastler, D., Gauch, A., Gauvreau, J., Gauzzi, P., Ge, G., Geffroy, N., Gelli, B., Gendotti, A., Gent, S., Ghorbani-Moghaddam, Z., Giammaria, P., Giammaria, T., Giangiacomi, N., Gibin, D., Gil-Botella, I., Gilligan, S., Gioiosa, A., Girerd, C., Giri, A. K., Gnani, D., Gogota, O., Gold, M., Gollapinni, S., Gollwitzer, K., Gomes, R. A., Bermeo, L. V. Gomez, Fajardo, L. S. Gomez, Gonnella, F., Gonzalez-Diaz, D., Gonzalez-Lopez, M., Goodman, M. C., Goodwin, O., Goswami, S., Gotti, C., Goudzovski, E., Grace, C., Gran, R., Granados, E., Granger, P., Grant, C., Gratieri, D., Green, P., Greenberg, S., Greenler, L., Greer, J., Grenard, J., Griffith, W. C., Groetschla, F. T., Groh, M., Grzelak, K., Gu, W., Guardincerri, E., Guarino, V., Guarise, M., Guenette, R., Guerard, E., Guerzoni, M., Guffanti, D., Guglielmi, A., Guo, B., Gupta, A., Gupta, V., Guthikonda, K. K., Guzowski, P., Guzzo, M. M., Gwon, S., Ha, C., Haaf, K., Habig, A., Hadavand, H., Haenni, R., Hagaman, L., Hahn, A., Haiston, J., Hamacher-Baumann, P., Hamernik, T., Hamilton, P., Han, J., Harris, D. A., Hartnell, J., Hartnett, T., Harton, J., Hasegawa, T., Hasnip, C., Hatcher, R., Hatfield, K. W., Hatzikoutelis, A., Hayes, C., Hayrapetyan, K., Hays, J., Hazen, E., He, M., Heavey, A., Heeger, K. M., Heise, J., Henry, S., Morquecho, M. A. Hernandez, Herner, K., Hewes, V., Hilgenberg, C., Hill, T., Hillier, S. J., Himmel, A., Hinkle, E., Hirsch, L. R., Hoff, J., Holin, A., Hoppe, E., Horton-Smith, G. A., Hostert, M., Hourlier, A., Howard, B., Howell, R., Barrios, J. Hoyos, Hristova, I., Hronek, M. S., Huang, J., Huang, R. G., Hulcher, Z., Iles, G., Ilic, N., Iliescu, A. M., Illingworth, R., Ingratta, G., Ioannisian, A., Irwin, B., Isenhower, L., Oliveira, M. Ismerio, Itay, R., Jackson, C. M., Jain, V., James, E., Jang, W., Jargowsky, B., Jediny, F., Jena, D., Jeong, Y. S., Jesús-Valls, C., Ji, X., Jiang, J., Jiang, L., Jipa, A., Jo, J. H., Joaquim, F. R., Johnson, W., Jones, B., Jones, R., Jovancevic, N., Judah, M., Jung, C. K., Junk, T., Jwa, Y., Kabirnezhad, M., Kaboth, A., Kadenko, I., Kakorin, I., Kalitkina, A., Kalra, D., Koseyan, O. Kamer, Kamiya, F., Kaplan, D. M., Karagiorgi, G., Karaman, G., Karcher, A., Karyotakis, Y., Kasai, S., Kasetti, S. P., Kashur, L., Katsioulas, I., Kazaryan, N., Kearns, E., Keener, P., Kelly, K. J., Kemp, E., Kemularia, O., Ketchum, W., Kettell, S. H., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Khvedelidze, A., Kim, D., King, B., Kirby, B., Kirby, M., Klein, J., Kleykamp, J., Klustova, A., Kobilarcik, T., Koehler, K., Koerner, L. W., Koh, D. H., Kohn, S., Koller, P. P., Kolupaeva, L., Korablev, D., Kordosky, M., Kosc, T., Kose, U., Kostelecký, V. A., Kothekar, K., Kotler, I., Kozhukalov, V., Kralik, R., Kreczko, L., Krennrich, F., Kreslo, I., Kropp, W., Kroupova, T., Kudenko, Y., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Kuhlmann, S., Kulagin, S., Kumar, J., Kumar, P., Kunze, P., Kuravi, R., Kurita, N., Kuruppu, C., Kus, V., Kutter, T., Kvasnicka, J., Kwak, D., Lambert, A., Land, B. J., Lane, C. E., Lang, K., Langford, T., Langstaff, M., Lanni, F., Lantwin, O., Larkin, J., Lasorak, P., Last, D., Laundrie, A., Laurenti, G., Lawrence, A., Laycock, P., Lazanu, I., Lazzaroni, M., Le, T., Leardini, S., Learned, J., LeBrun, P., LeCompte, T., Lee, C., Legin, V., Miotto, G. Lehmann, Lehnert, R., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Leitner, M., Lepin, L. M., Li, S. W., Li, Y., Liao, H., Lin, C. S., Lin, S., Lineros, R. A., Ling, J., Lister, A., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J., Liu, Y., Lockwitz, S., Loew, T., Lokajicek, M., Lomidze, I., Long, K., Lord, T., LoSecco, J. M., Louis, W. C., Lu, X. -G., Luk, K. B., Lunday, B., Luo, X., Luppi, E., Lux, T., Luzio, V. P., Maalmi, J., MacFarlane, D., Machado, A. A., Machado, P., Macias, C. T., Macier, J. R., Maddalena, A., Madera, A., Madigan, P., Magill, S., Mahn, K., Maio, A., Major, A., Majumdar, K., Maloney, J. A., Mandrioli, G., Mandujano, R. C., Maneira, J., Manenti, L., Manly, S., Mann, A., Manolopoulos, K., Plata, M. Manrique, Manyam, V. N., Marchan, M., Marchionni, A., Marciano, W., Marfatia, D., Mariani, C., Maricic, J., Marinho, F., Marino, A. D., Markiewicz, T., Marsden, D., Marshak, M., Marshall, C. M., Marshall, J., Marteau, J., Martín-Albo, J., Martinez, N., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, López, F. Martínez, Miravé, P. Martínez, Martynenko, S., Mascagna, V., Mason, K., Mastbaum, A., Matichard, F., Matsuno, S., Matthews, J., Mauger, C., Mauri, N., Mavrokoridis, K., Mawby, I., Mazza, R., Mazzacane, A., McAskill, T., McCluskey, E., McConkey, N., McFarland, K. S., McGrew, C., McNab, A., Mefodiev, A., Mehta, P., Melas, P., Mena, O., Mendez, H., Mendez, P., Méndez, D. P., Menegolli, A., Meng, G., Messier, M. D., Metcalf, W., Mewes, M., Meyer, H., Miao, T., Michna, G., Mikola, V., Milincic, R., Miller, G., Miller, W., Mills, J., Mineev, O., Minotti, A., Miranda, O. G., Miryala, S., Mishra, C. S., Mishra, S. R., Mislivec, A., Mitchell, M., Mladenov, D., Mocioiu, I., Moffat, K., Mogan, A., Moggi, N., Mohanta, R., Mohayai, T. 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J., Wisniewski, W., Wolcott, J., Wolfs, J., Wongjirad, T., Wood, A., Wood, K., Worcester, E., Worcester, M., Wospakrik, M., Wresilo, K., Wret, C., Wu, S., Wu, W., Xiao, Y., Xiotidis, I., Yaeggy, B., Yandel, E., Yang, G., Yang, K., Yang, T., Yankelevich, A., Yershov, N., Yonehara, K., Yoon, Y. S., Young, T., Yu, B., Yu, H., Yu, J., Yu, Y., Yuan, W., Zaki, R., Zalesak, J., Zambelli, L., Zamorano, B., Zani, A., Zazueta, L., Zeller, G. P., Zennamo, J., Zeug, K., Zhang, C., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhao, M., Zhivun, E., Zimmerman, E. D., Zucchelli, S., Zuklin, J., Zutshi, V., and Zwaska, R.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: Measurements of electrons from $\nu_e$ interactions are crucial for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) neutrino oscillation program, as well as searches for physics beyond the standard model, supernova neutrino detection, and solar neutrino measurements. This article describes the selection and reconstruction of low-energy (Michel) electrons in the ProtoDUNE-SP detector. ProtoDUNE-SP is one of the prototypes for the DUNE far detector, built and operated at CERN as a charged particle test beam experiment. A sample of low-energy electrons produced by the decay of cosmic muons is selected with a purity of 95%. This sample is used to calibrate the low-energy electron energy scale with two techniques. An electron energy calibration based on a cosmic ray muon sample uses calibration constants derived from measured and simulated cosmic ray muon events. Another calibration technique makes use of the theoretically well-understood Michel electron energy spectrum to convert reconstructed charge to electron energy. In addition, the effects of detector response to low-energy electron energy scale and its resolution including readout electronics threshold effects are quantified. Finally, the relation between the theoretical and reconstructed low-energy electron energy spectrum is derived and the energy resolution is characterized. The low-energy electron selection presented here accounts for about 75% of the total electron deposited energy. After the addition of lost energy using a Monte Carlo simulation, the energy resolution improves from about 40% to 25% at 50~MeV. These results are used to validate the expected capabilities of the DUNE far detector to reconstruct low-energy electrons., Comment: 19 pages, 10 figures
Published: 2022

50. Comparison of star formation histories of AGN and non-AGN galaxies

Author: Mountrichas, G., Buat, V., Yang, G., Boquien, M., Ni, Q., Pouliasis, E., Burgarella, D., Theule, P., and Georgantopoulos, I.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We use AGN with $\rm L_{X} \sim 10^{42.5-44}\,erg\,s^{-1}$, from the COSMOS-Legacy survey that lie within the UltraVISTA region and cross match them with the LEGA-C catalogue. The latter provides measurements of the calcium break, D$_n$4000, and H$_\delta$ Balmer line that allow us to study the stellar populations of AGN and compare them with a galaxy reference catalogue. Our samples consist of 69 AGN and 2176 non-AGN systems, within $\rm 0.6
Published: 2022
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