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Ochracines F–L (1–7), seven previously undescribed chamigrane and cadinane sesquiterpenoids, together with four known chamigranes were isolated from cultures of the wood-decaying fungus Steccherinum ochraceum HFG119. Ochracines F–L were structurally characterized by extensive analysis of HRMS and NMR spectroscopic data. The relative configurations were assigned through a combination of NOE correlations and J-based configuration analysis (JBCA), while the absolute configurations were determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction, and calculated methods (ECD, [α], 13C NMR). All the new isolates were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against five human cancer cell lines HL-60, SMMC-7721, A549, MCF-7, and SW-480, and inhibitory activity on NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages.

Four new compounds were isolated from G. nutans. Compounds 1–2 are two rare monoterpene indole alkaloids with the glucosyl moiety located at C-12 and represent the first two examples of enantiomer of ajmaline type monoterpene indole alkaloids.

Irpexolidal (1), a triterpenoid with an unprecedented carbon skeleton, along with its biogenetic-related compound irpexolide A (2), were isolated from the fruiting bodies of the medicinal fungus Irpex lacteus. Irpexolidal features a 6/5/6/5/6/5-fused polycyclic skeletal system which arises from the eburicane-type triterpene by a 6,7- seco-6,8- cyclo pattern. The structures of 1 and 2 were established by means of extensive spectroscopic techniques, ECD calculation, and DP4+ probability based on GIAO NMR chemical shift calculations. The plausible biosynthetic pathways for compounds 1 and 2 were proposed. Their biological activities were evaluated.

Extensive studies have revealed that triterpenoids, meroterpenoids, and polysaccharides are the main constituents of the well-known traditional Chinese medicinal mushroom Ganoderma. In this study, we report seven previously undescribed sesquiterpenoids, including six gymnomitranes (1–6) and a novel type of sesquiterpenoid (8), together with a polyketide (7) and a known steroid (9) from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lingzhi, a fungus used as traditional medicine and food supplement in East Asia for ages. The structures of 1–8 were deduced by analysis of spectroscopic data, X-ray single crystal diffractions and TDDFT/ECD calculations. Compound 8 possessed an unusual 14(7→6)-cuparane scaffold. Compound 9 exhibited weak cytotoxicity against the five human cancer cell lines HL-60, MCF-7, SW480, A549, and SMMC-7721 with IC50 values of 18.0–32.3 μM. A simple structure-activity-relationship (SAR) investigation by acetylating the 5-OH of 9 (9a) suggested that the 5-OH is essential for its cytotoxicity. Additionally, the biosynthetic pathways for compounds 2 and 8 are discussed.

Ochracines F-L (1-7), seven previously undescribed chamigrane and cadinane sesquiterpenoids, together with four known chamigranes were isolated from cultures of the wood-decaying fungus

A chemical investigation of the whole plant of traditional Chinese medicine, Chrysanthemum indicum L., led to the discovery of six guaianolide-type sesquiterpenoids 1–6 with a 1,10-splited skeleton. The structure of the new compound 1 was established by extensive analysis of UV, IR, MS, NMR and ECD data. Compounds 3–6 are mutually stereoisomers with four chiral centers and their absolute configurations were determined by comparison of ECD spectra. The anti-inflammatory effects of these isolates on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) were investigated in RAW 264.7 cells. Results showed that most of the compounds displayed NO production inhibitory activities with IC50 values ranged from 3.54 to 8.17 μM.

Investigation into the chemical diversity of Nardostachys chinensis Batal led to the discovery of three new (1–3) and one known (4) iridoid glycosides. Their structures were established through spectroscopic methods including 1 D and 2 D NMR experiments and HRESIMS analysis. Inhibitory effects of 1–4 on nitric oxide production were investigated in lipopolysaccaride (LPS)-mediated RAW 264.7 cells, and they displayed IC50 values in the range 7.8–15.2 μM.

Eight hetereocyclic compounds conflamides B–I with an unprecedented skeleton and their precursor conflamide A were isolated from the mushroom Albatrellus confluens. Their structures and absolute configurations were determined by use of NMR studies, total synthesis, and calculated ECD spectra. Conflamides D and E were found to exhibit potent inhibition against LPS-induced B lymphocyte cell proliferation with IC50 values 1.48 and 5.71 μM, respectively.

Four eburicane-type triterpenoids with malonyl modifications, namely irpexoates A–D (1–4), were isolated from the fruiting bodies of the medicinal fungus Irpex lacteus. The structures of the new compounds were established by extensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS spectroscopic analysis. Irpexoate B (2) displayed weak cytotoxicity against four human cancer cell lines (A-549, SMMC-7721, MCF-7, SW480) with IC50 values varying from 22.9 to 34.0 μM, and irpexoate D (4) showed weak cytotoxicity against the human cancer cell line SW480 with an IC50 value of 35.2 μM. Graphical Abstract Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s13659-018-0160-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

A scale-up fermentation of the fungus Boreostereum vibrans facilitated the isolation of six new vibralactone biogenesis-associated analogues, namely vibralactamide A (1), vibralactone T (2), 13-O-lactyl vibralactone (3), 10-O-acetyl vibralactone G (4), (11R,12R)- and (11S,12R)-vibradiol (5, 6). Their structures were established via extensive spectroscopic analyses, specific optical rotation comparison, and Snatzke’s method. The biosynthetic pathway for vibralactamide A was postulated. The absolute configuration of vibralactone B was revised by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. This work puts the divergent vibralactone biosynthesis pathway one step further and expands the structural diversity of vibralactone-associated compounds. Graphical Abstract Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s13659-017-0147-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Extensive studies have revealed that triterpenoids, meroterpenoids, and polysaccharides are the main constituents of the well-known traditional Chinese medicinal mushroom

Investigation into the chemical diversity of Artemisia argyi led to the discovery of two new (1, 4) and four known (2-3, 5-6) sesquiterpenoids. The new structures were determined via extensive spectroscopic data, including IR, UV, MS, and NMR, and the absolute configurations of these compounds were elucidated by calculated ECD method. All isolates were tested for their inhibitory activity against NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages, and the isolated sesquiterpenoids exhibited NO production inhibitory activity with IC50 values ranging from 1.91 to 36.52 μM.

Correction for ‘Neuroinflammatory inhibitors from Gardneria nutans Siebold & Zuccarini’ by Ying-Ying Si et al., RSC Adv., 2021, 11, 27085–27091. DOI: 10.1039/D1RA05204G.

(+)- and (−)-Ganodilactone (1), a pair of novel meroterpenoid dimers possessing a unique 5′H-spiro[chroman-4,2′-furan]-2,5′-dione ring system, along with their biogeneticly-related compound, ganomycin I (2), were discovered from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma leucocontextum. The structures and absolute configurations were assigned with the aid of 1D and 2D NMR spectra, HRESIMS analysis and ECD calculations. (±)-, (+)-, and (−)-ganodilactone (1) showed pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities and exhibited the IC50 values as 27.3, 4.0, and 2.5 μM, respectively.

Six previously undescribed 5,6-seco-tremulane analogues, together with two known ones, were isolated from the culture broth of the medicinal fungus Irpex lacteus HFG1102. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated via extensive spectroscopic methods, including NMR and HRMS spectroscopic analyses. Graphical Abstract Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s13659-018-0157-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

A variety of novel natural products with significant bioactivities are produced by the basidiomycete Boreostereum vibrans. In the present study, we describe 16 novel natural oximes and oxime esters with a vibralactone backbone, vibralactoximes, which were isolated from the scale‐up fermentation broth of B. vibrans. Their structures were determined through extensive spectroscopic analyses. These compounds represent the first oxime esters from nature. The hypothetical biosynthetic pathway of these compounds was also proposed. Seven compounds exhibited significant pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity, while ten compounds exhibited cytotoxicities against five human cancer cell lines (HL‐60, SMMC‐7721, A‐549, MCF‐7, and SW480), with IC50 values comparable with those of cisplatin.

Four new sesquiterpenoids, namely 12-hydroxy-3-oxodrimenol (1), 11-hydroxyacetoxydrim-7-en-3β-ol (2), 2,6-dimethyl-7,10-epoxy-10-hydroxymethyldodeca-2,11-dien-6-ol (3), and 7,10-epoxy-2,6,10-trimethyldodeca-2,11-diene-4,6-diol (4), along with fourteen known compounds, were isolated from the cultures of Phellinidium sulphurascens. The structures of compounds 1–4 were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis. All of them were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13659-014-0047-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Phytochemical reinvestigation on the cultural broth of Boreostereum vibrans led to the isolation of six new vibralactone derivatives, vibralactone N (1), vibralactone O (2), vibralactone P (3), 10-lactyl vibralactone G (4), (3S*, 4R*)-6-acetoxymethyl-2,2-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,4-diol (5), vibralactone Q (6). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods.

Two new steroids, 3α,17α,19,20-tetrahydroxy-4α-methylpregn-8-ene (1) and 3α,12α,17α,20-tetrahydroxy-4α-methylpregn-8-ene (2) and three new sesquiterpenoids, 12-hydroxy-α-cadinol (3), 3α,12-dihydroxy-δ-cadinol (4), and 3α,6α-dihydroxyspiroax-4-ene (5), have been isolated from cultures of the fungus Phellinus igniarius. Their structures were characterized based on extensive spectroscopic data. In preliminary in vitro assays, compounds 3 and 4 exhibited the vascular-activities against phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction with the relaxing rates of 11.0 % and 7.0 % at 3 × 10−4 M, respectively. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13659-014-0045-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Six new lanostane-type triterpenoids, namely leucocontextins S–X (1–6), together with twelve known compounds, were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma leucocontextum. Their structures were established by MS and NMR data. Graphical Abstract Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13659-016-0089-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.