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1. A Methodology for Power Dispatch Based on Traction Station Clusters in the Flexible Traction Power Supply System

Author

Li, Ruofan, Sun, Qianhao, Chen, Qifang, and Xia, Mingchao

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract

The flexible traction power supply system (FTPSS) eliminates the neutral zone but leads to increased complexity in power flow coordinated control and power mismatch. To address these challenges, the methodology for power dispatch (PD) based on traction station clusters (TSCs) in FTPSS is proposed, in which each TSC with a consistent structure performs independent local phase angle control. First, to simplify the PD problem of TSCs, the system is transformed into an equivalent model with constant topology, resulting in it can be solved by univariate numerical optimization with higher computational performance. Next, the calculation method of the feasible phase angle domain under strict and relaxed power circulation constraints are described, respectively, which ensures that power circulation can be either eliminated or precisely controlled. Finally, the PD method with three unique modes for uncertain train loads is introduced to enhance power flow flexibility: specified power distribution coefficients between traction substations (TSs), constant output power of TSs, and maximum consumption of renewable resources within TSs. In the experimental section, the performance of the TSC methodology for PD is verified through detailed train operation scenarios.

Published
2024

2. On $\beta$-adic expansions of powers of algebraic integer omitting a digit

Author

Zhao, Jiuzhou and Li, Ruofan

Subjects
Mathematics - Number Theory
Abstract

Let $\alpha, \beta$ be two relatively prime algebraic integers in a number field $K$ and $N$ be a positive integer. We show that the number of $n\in\{1,2,\dots,N\}$ such that the $\beta$-adic expansion of $\alpha^n$ omits a given digit is less than $C_1 N^{\sigma(\beta)}$, where $\sigma(\beta):=\frac{\log(|N(\beta)|-1)}{\log|N(\beta)|}$ and $C_1$ is an absolute constant, if all prime ideal factors of $\beta$ are unramified and their norms are integer primes.

Published
2024

3. Zero-full law for well approximable sets in generalized Cantor sets

Author

Li, Bing, Li, Ruofan, and Wu, Yufeng

Subjects
Mathematics - Number Theory, Mathematics - Dynamical Systems
Abstract

Let $t \geq 2$ be an integer and $C(b,D)$ be a generalized Cantor set with $b \geq 3$. We study how close can numbers in $C(b,D)$ be approximated by rational numbers with denominators $t^n$. For any function $\psi : \mathbb{N} \to (0,\infty)$, let $W_{t} (\psi)$ be the set of numbers in $[0,1]$ such that $|x - p/t^n| < \psi(n)$ for infinitely many $(p,n) \in \mathbb{N}^2$. We correct an error in a result of Levesley, Salp and Velani (Math. Ann., 338:97-118, 2007) on the Hausdorff measure of $W_{t} (\psi) \cap C(b,D)$ when $b=t$, and also prove a generalization when $b$ and $t$ are multiplicatively dependent. If $b$ and $t$ are multiplicatively independent but have the same prime divisors, we obtain a partial result on the Hausdorff measure and bounds for the Hausdorff dimension, which are close to the multiplicatively dependent case. Based on these results, several conjectures are proposed.

Published
2023

4. Uniform Diophantine approximation with restricted denominators

Author

Wang, Bo, Li, Bing, and Li, Ruofan

Subjects
Mathematics - Number Theory, Mathematics - Dynamical Systems
Abstract

Let $b\geq2$ be an integer and $A=(a_{n})_{n=1}^{\infty}$ be a strictly increasing subsequence of positive integers with $\eta:=\limsup\limits_{n\to\infty}\frac{a_{n+1}}{a_{n}}<+\infty$. For each irrational real number $\xi$, we denote by $\hat{v}_{b,A}(\xi)$ the supremum of the real numbers $\hat{v}$ for which, for every sufficiently large integer $N$, the equation $\|b^{a_n}\xi\|<(b^{a_N})^{-\hat{v}}$ has a solution $n$ with $1\leq n\leq N$. For every $\hat{v}\in[0,\eta]$, let $\hat{\mathcal{V}}_{b,A}(\hat{v})$ ($\hat{\mathcal{V}}_{b,A}^{\ast}(\hat{v})$) be the set of all real numbers $\xi$ such that $\hat{v}_{b,A}(\xi)\geq\hat{v}$ ($\hat{v}_{b,A}(\xi)=\hat{v}$) respectively. In this paper, we give some results of the Hausdorfff dimensions of $\hat{\mathcal{V}}_{b,A}(\hat{v})$ and $\hat{\mathcal{V}}_{b,A}^{\ast}(\hat{v})$. When $\eta=1$, we prove that the Hausdorfff dimensions of $\hat{\mathcal{V}}_{b,A}(\hat{v})$ and $\hat{\mathcal{V}}_{b,A}^{\ast}(\hat{v})$ are equal to $\left(\frac{1-\hat{v}}{1+\hat{v}}\right)^{2}$ for any $\hat{v}\in[0,1]$. When $\eta>1$ and $\lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{a_{n+1}}{a_{n}}$ exists, we show that the Hausdorfff dimension of $\hat{\mathcal{V}}_{b,A}(\hat{v})$ is strictly less than $\left(\frac{\eta-\hat{v}}{\eta+\hat{v}}\right)^{2}$ for some $\hat{v}$, which is different with the case $\eta=1$, and we give a lower bound of the Hausdorfff dimensions of $\hat{\mathcal{V}}_{b,A}(\hat{v})$ and $\hat{\mathcal{V}}_{b,A}^{\ast}(\hat{v})$ for any $\hat{v}\in[0,\eta]$. Furthermore, we show that this lower bound can be reached for some $\hat{v}$.

Published
2023

5. List of contributors

Author

Aizawa, Shin-Ichi, primary, Alberdi, Pilar, additional, Alexander, David C., additional, Alía, Alberto, additional, Allison, D.G., additional, Amyes, Sebastian G.B., additional, An, Haoran, additional, Andrade, María J., additional, Antelmann, Haike, additional, Arias, Cesar A., additional, Asensio, Miguel A., additional, Axell-House, Dierdre B., additional, Bae, Hee-Won, additional, Baena, Laura Muñoz, additional, Baig, Abdul Mannan, additional, Bailey, Spenser O., additional, Baize, Sylvain, additional, Baldi, Pablo C., additional, Barbosa, Angela Silva, additional, Barbuddhe, Sukhadeo B., additional, Bard, Emilie, additional, Barry, Eileen M., additional, Basarab, Gregory S., additional, Beloborodova, N.V, additional, Bermúdez, Elena, additional, Bidmos, Fadil A., additional, Bisgaard, Magne, additional, Blakely, Garry W., additional, Bloch, Evan, additional, Boesen, Thias Oberg, additional, Bose, Dipayan, additional, Botero, Javier Enrique, additional, Bouabe, Hicham, additional, Bouchard, Michael J., additional, Bozue, Joel A., additional, Bradbury, Richard S., additional, Brett Moreau, G., additional, Cabezas-Cruz, Alejandro, additional, Cai, Rong-Jun, additional, Calderón, Enrique J., additional, Cao, Boyang, additional, Carmena, David, additional, Carvalho, Eneas, additional, Caulfield, Amanda D., additional, Cen, Shan, additional, Chai, Jong-Yil, additional, Chamberland, Robin R., additional, Champredon, David, additional, Chan, Edward D., additional, Charbon, Godefroid, additional, Chato, Connor, additional, Chelomina, G.N., additional, Chen, Jingyu, additional, Chen, Min, additional, Chen, Shuyu, additional, Chen, Suilin, additional, Chen, Yanfei, additional, Chen, Zhaoyuan, additional, Cheng, Aimin, additional, Cheng, Keding, additional, Chiu, Charles Y., additional, Cho, You-Hee, additional, Christensen, Henrik, additional, Chrtdernevskaya, E.A., additional, Contreras, Adolfo, additional, Contreras, Marinela, additional, Córdoba, Juan J., additional, Córdoba, María G., additional, Costa, Rita, additional, Cote, Christopher K., additional, Cui, Xiangling, additional, Cui, Yujun, additional, Dacal, Elena, additional, Dammann, Allison N., additional, Das, Shubhagata, additional, Dashti, Alejandro, additional, de la Fuente, José, additional, de la Garza, Mireya, additional, Delgado, Josué, additional, Delgado-Cuesta, Juan, additional, Deng, Haiteng, additional, Deng, Li, additional, Dey, Debajit, additional, Dhama, Kuldeep, additional, Diego, Juan García-Bernalt, additional, Ding, Hao, additional, Doern, Christopher D., additional, Dorman, Charles J., additional, Du, Zongmin, additional, Dunbar, Sherry A., additional, Duthie, Malcolm, additional, Dybvig, Kevin F., additional, Eakin, Ann E., additional, Eallonardo, Samuel J., additional, Eberly, Allison R., additional, Echeverry, Adriana Jaramillo, additional, Egland, Paul G., additional, El Zowalaty, Mohamed E., additional, Endsley, Janice Jones, additional, Eom, Keeseon S., additional, Evans, Benjamin A., additional, Falkinham, Joseph O., additional, Feng, Siwei, additional, Feng, Yaoyu, additional, Feng, Zongdi, additional, Fernández-Soto, Pedro, additional, Ferreira, Roux-Cil, additional, Flores-Huerta, Nadia, additional, Foster, Timothy J., additional, Fox-Moon, Sandra M., additional, Fraga, Tatiana Rodrigues, additional, Fredricks, David N., additional, Freitag, Nancy E., additional, Frimodt-Møller, Jakob, additional, Fuller, Risa, additional, Ganesh, Balasubramanian, additional, Gao, Ning, additional, García-Carnero, Laura C., additional, Garzetti, Debora, additional, Geoghegan, Joan A., additional, Ghenim, Raed, additional, Giambartolomei, Guillermo H., additional, Gilbert, Nicole M., additional, Gillis, Thomas Phillip, additional, Gladstone, Camilla A., additional, Gómez-Gaviria, Manuela, additional, Gómez-Marín, Jorge E., additional, Gong, Tengfang, additional, González, Ramón A., additional, Gray-Owen, Scott D., additional, Gu, Bing, additional, Guzmán-Téllez, Paula, additional, Hajal, Caroline, additional, Han, Yanping, additional, Hao, Yi, additional, Harrington, Amanda T., additional, Harris, Jason B., additional, Harvill, Eric T., additional, Hasan, S. Saif, additional, He, Guang-Jun, additional, He, Yongqun, additional, Heffron, Jared D., additional, Hidalgo, Paloma, additional, Hindiyeh, Musa Y., additional, Hreha, Teri N., additional, Hu, Xiaoyu, additional, Huang, Guanghua, additional, Huang, Jiangqing, additional, Huang, Liang, additional, Huang, Shifeng, additional, Huang, Xingxu, additional, Huang, Xueting, additional, Huang, Yilun, additional, Huffman, Anthony, additional, Humphreys, Tricia L., additional, Hunstad, David A., additional, Inglis, Timothy J.J., additional, Isaac, Lourdes, additional, Jacobs, Samantha E., additional, Janowicz, Diane M., additional, Jeon, Hyeong-Kyu, additional, Ji, Quanjiang, additional, Jia, Qi, additional, Jia, Wei, additional, Jin, Shouguang, additional, Jneidi, Lama, additional, Jose, Shinsmon, additional, Jung, Bong-Kwang, additional, Kattan, Randa, additional, Kaushik, Rahul, additional, Khare, Reeti, additional, Kim, Eun Sook, additional, Kirn, Thomas J., additional, Koo, Hyun, additional, Köster, Pamela C., additional, Krause, Peter J., additional, Kumar, Sanjai, additional, Kupz, Andreas, additional, Lambert, P.A., additional, Lamont, Richard J., additional, Langford, Paul R., additional, Lebeaux, David, additional, Legname, Giuseppe, additional, Li, Bin, additional, Li, Chunhao, additional, Li, Fen, additional, Li, Jun, additional, Li, Lanjuan, additional, Li, Ruofan, additional, Li, Ruoyu, additional, Li, Ting, additional, Li, Yang-Yang, additional, Li, Yanhua, additional, Li, Zhuorong, additional, Liang, Xiaomeng, additional, Liao, Guojian, additional, Lin, Ping, additional, Ling, Yun, additional, Liu, Bo, additional, Liu, Dongyou, additional, Liu, Guohua, additional, Liu, Huidi, additional, Liu, Jiafeng, additional, Liu, Jintao, additional, Liu, Qi, additional, Liu, Shu-Lin, additional, Liu, Taiping, additional, Liu, Tongbao, additional, Liu, Wei, additional, Liu, Yan, additional, Liu, Yanni, additional, Liu, Yisong, additional, Liu, Yuan, additional, Løbner-Olesen, Anders, additional, Loeffelholz, Michael, additional, Lu, Hongzhou, additional, Luna, Brian, additional, Ma, Bingting, additional, Ma, Chengying, additional, Ma, Shuang, additional, Ma, TianLi, additional, Madan, Rajat, additional, Mahle, Rachael E., additional, Mahlen, Steven D., additional, Malik, Satya Veer Singh, additional, Malik, Yashpal Singh, additional, Malvy, Denis, additional, Mann, Barbara J., additional, Marasini, Daya, additional, Maris, Alexander S., additional, Marjomäki, Varpu, additional, Marjuki, Henju, additional, Martín, Alberto, additional, Martín, Irene, additional, Martínez-Castillo, Moisés, additional, Martínez-Pabón, María Cecilia, additional, Mathison, Blaine A., additional, Ma’ayeh, Showgy, additional, McDowell, Andrew, additional, McLaughlin, Stephanie E., additional, McSheffrey, Gordon G., additional, Medrano, Francisco J., additional, Meehan, Conor J., additional, Mehta, Dhwani, additional, Mejía-Oquendo, Manuela, additional, Melo-Cristino, José, additional, Mendoza-Barberá, Elena, additional, Meng, Xinan, additional, Merino, Susana, additional, Merritt, Adam J., additional, Miller, Steve, additional, Miller, William R., additional, Minamino, Tohru, additional, Mirzaei, Mohammadali Khan, additional, Mora-Montes, Héctor M., additional, Mortensen, Joel, additional, Mostafa, Heba H., additional, Muhsen, Khitam, additional, Mujahed, Ahlam, additional, Muro, Antonio, additional, Murphy, Olwen C., additional, Newton, Hayley J., additional, Nguyen, April H., additional, Nichols, Wright W., additional, Niu, Siqiang, additional, Núñez, Félix, additional, Obregon, Dasiel, additional, Okamoto, Akira, additional, Okutani, Akiko, additional, Olabode, Abayomi, additional, Omar, Muna, additional, Ong, Edison, additional, Ouyang, Zhiming, additional, Pacak, Christina A., additional, Pacheco-Yépez, Judith, additional, Palmer, John, additional, Pang, Xiaoli, additional, Paredes-Sabja, Daniel, additional, Peng, Zhong, additional, Peng, Zonggen, additional, Pérez-Nevado, Francisco, additional, Poon, Art, additional, Pospíšilová, Petra, additional, Potts, Caelin C., additional, Pu, Qinqin, additional, Pujic, Petar, additional, Qi, Rui, additional, Qian, Chenyun, additional, Qian, Liu, additional, Qin, Aiping, additional, Qu, Fen, additional, Rakin, Alexander, additional, Ramesh, Ashwin, additional, Ramirez, Mario, additional, Rao, Yu, additional, Ratner, Adam J., additional, Rawool, Deepak B., additional, Rehman, Asma, additional, Ren, Jie, additional, Ren, Ping, additional, Retchless, Adam C., additional, Robertson, Erle S., additional, Rodríguez, Alicia, additional, Rodriguez, Azucena, additional, Rodríguez-Medina, Carolina, additional, Rodriguez-Nava, Veronica, additional, Rohde, Manfred, additional, Romero-Rodríguez, Alba, additional, Rosales-Morgan, Gabriela, additional, Rosenkranz, Andrea L., additional, Ruiz-Moyano, Santiago, additional, Ruokolainen, Visa, additional, Sabateen, Ali, additional, Sahu, Radhakrishna, additional, Sails, Andrew, additional, Sang, Yu, additional, Santana, Clarissa H., additional, Santos, Jesus A., additional, Santos, Renato L., additional, Schmitz, Jonathan E., additional, Serrano-Luna, Jesús, additional, Shen, Jianzhong, additional, Shen, Zhangqi, additional, Shibayama, Mineko, additional, Shirtliff, Mark E., additional, Silva-Costa, Catarina, additional, Silva-Olivares, Angélica, additional, Singh, Niraj Kumar, additional, Šmajs, David, additional, Smith, Robert P., additional, Smith, Sophie, additional, Snyder, Lori A.S., additional, Song, Yinggai, additional, Soro, Aurea Simon, additional, Spearman, Paul, additional, Spellberg, Brad, additional, Sprague, Lisa D., additional, Stratton, Charles W., additional, Strenk, Susan M., additional, Strugnell, Richard A., additional, Sun, Keer, additional, Suo, Xun, additional, Suzuki-Hatano, Silveli, additional, Svärd, Staffan, additional, Talbot, Elizabeth A., additional, Tamez-Castrellón, Alma K., additional, Tan, Nie, additional, Tang, Cynthia Y., additional, Tang, Yi-Wei, additional, Tao, Jia, additional, Tao, Lili, additional, Terrero-Salcedo, David, additional, Tharmalingam, Jayaraman, additional, Thwe, Phyu M., additional, Tiamani, Kawtar, additional, Tomás, Juan M., additional, Topaz, Nadav, additional, Tsai, Ang-Chen, additional, Tsalik, Ephraim L., additional, Tuomanen, Elaine I., additional, Turenne, Christine Y., additional, Tyagi, Anuj, additional, Uprety, Priyanka, additional, Valour, Florent, additional, van Hensbergen, Vincent P., additional, Venkatesan, Arun, additional, Vergis, Jess, additional, Villar, Margarita, additional, Vollmer, Waldemar, additional, Waites, Ken B., additional, Wan, Xiu-Feng, additional, Wang, Guiqing, additional, Wang, Lijun, additional, Wang, Lin, additional, Wang, Linqi, additional, Wang, Xiangru, additional, Wang, Xin, additional, Wang, Xinjie, additional, Wang, Ya-Ting, additional, Wang, Yang, additional, Wang, Yating, additional, Weil, Ana A., additional, Welkos, Susan L., additional, Wengenack, Nancy L., additional, Westblade, Lars F., additional, Whitfield, Chris, additional, Wu, Hui, additional, Wu, Lijuan, additional, Wu, Min, additional, Wu, Yarong, additional, Wu, Zhaowei, additional, Xiang, Ye, additional, Xiao, Di, additional, Xiao, Li, additional, Xiao, Lihua, additional, Xu, Tao, additional, Xu, Wenyue, additional, Xu, Xinping, additional, Xue, Jinling, additional, Yadav, Jay Prakash, additional, Yan, Junxiang, additional, Yan, Yixin, additional, Yang, Changmei, additional, Yang, Ruifu, additional, Yang, Ying, additional, Yao, Kaihu, additional, Yao, Yu-Feng, additional, Yeakle, Kyle C., additional, Yu, Demin, additional, Yu, Hao, additional, Yu, Xue-Jie, additional, Yuan, Zhenghong, additional, Zai, Wenjing, additional, Zhang, Jianzhong, additional, Zhang, Jing-Ren, additional, Zhang, Lanyue, additional, Zhang, Lijie, additional, Zhang, Qiwei, additional, Zhang, Wenbao, additional, Zhang, Wenhong, additional, Zhang, Xinxin, additional, Zhao, Youbao, additional, Zhou, Chuanmin, additional, Zhu, Feng, additional, Zhu, Jingting, additional, and Zhu, Yongqun, additional

Published
2024
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6. Virus assembly

Author

Liu, Qi, primary, Huang, Liang, additional, Wang, Lin, additional, Jia, Qi, additional, Ma, Bingting, additional, Li, Ruofan, additional, and Xiang, Ye, additional

Published
2024
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7. Nanoscale three-dimensional magnetic sensing with a probabilistic nanomagnet driven by spin-orbit torque

Author

Zhang, Shuai, Li, Shihao, Guo, Zhe, Xu, Yan, Li, Ruofan, Chen, Zhenjiang, Min, Song, Yang, Xiaofei, Li, Liang, Hong, Jeongmin, Zou, Xuecheng, and You, Long

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Detection of vector magnetic fields at nanoscale dimensions is critical in applications ranging from basic material science, to medical diagnostic. Meanwhile, an all-electric operation is of great significance for achieving a simple and compact sensing system. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a simple approach to sensing a vector magnetic field at nanoscale dimensions, by monitoring a probabilistic nanomagnet's transition probability from a metastable state, excited by a driving current due to SOT, to a settled state. We achieve sensitivities for Hx, Hy, and Hz of 1.02%/Oe, 1.09%/Oe and 3.43%/Oe, respectively, with a 200 x 200 nm^2 nanomagnet. The minimum detectable field is dependent on the driving pulse events N, and is expected to be as low as 1 uT if N = 3 x 10^6., Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures

Published
2022

8. A puzzling insensitivity of magnon spin diffusion to the presence of 180$^\circ$ domain walls in a ferrimagnetic insulator

Author

Li, Ruofan, Riddiford, Lauren J., Chai, Yahong, Dai, Minyi, Zhong, Hai, Li, Bo, Li, Peng, Yi, Di, Broadway, David A., Dubois, Adrien E. E., Maletinsky, Patrick, Hu, Jiamian, Suzuki, Yuri, Ralph, Daniel C., and Nan, Tianxiang

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

We present room-temperature measurements of magnon spin diffusion in epitaxial ferrimagnetic insulator MgAl$_{0.5}$Fe$_{1.5}$O$_{4}$ (MAFO) thin films near zero applied magnetic field where the sample forms a multi-domain state. Due to a weak uniaxial magnetic anisotropy, the domains are separated primarily by 180$^\circ$ domain walls. We find, surprisingly, that the presence of the domain walls has very little effect on the spin diffusion -- nonlocal spin transport signals in the multi-domain state retain at least 95% of the maximum signal strength measured for the spatially-uniform magnetic state, over distances at least five times the typical domain size. This result is in conflict with simple models of interactions between magnons and static domain walls, which predict that the spin polarization carried by the magnons reverses upon passage through a 180$^\circ$ domain wall.

Published
2022
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9. Rational numbers in $\times b$-invariant sets

Author

Li, Bing, Li, Ruofan, and Wu, Yufeng

Subjects
Mathematics - Number Theory, Mathematics - Dynamical Systems
Abstract

Let $b \geq 2$ be an integer and $S$ be a finite non-empty set of primes not containing divisors of $b$. For any non-dense set $A \subset [0,1)$ such that $A \cap \mathbb{Q}$ is invariant under $\times b$ operation, we prove the finiteness of rational numbers in $A$ whose denominators can only be divided by primes in $S$. A quantitative result on the largest prime divisors of the denominators of rational numbers in $A$ is also obtained.

Published
2022

15. Conformational flexibility in neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by naturally elicited anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies

Author

Li, Ruofan, Mor, Michael, Ma, Bingting, Clark, Alex E, Alter, Joel, Werbner, Michal, Lee, Jamie Casey, Leibel, Sandra L, Carlin, Aaron F, Dessau, Moshe, Gal-Tanamy, Meital, Croker, Ben A, Xiang, Ye, and Freund, Natalia T

Subjects
Medical Microbiology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Biological Sciences, Vaccine Related, Pneumonia & Influenza, Biodefense, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Biotechnology, Lung, Pneumonia, Prevention, Infectious Diseases, Good Health and Well Being, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antibodies, Viral, COVID-19, Humans, Neutralization Tests, SARS-CoV-2, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

As new variants of SARS-CoV-2 continue to emerge, it is important to assess the cross-neutralizing capabilities of antibodies naturally elicited during wild type SARS-CoV-2 infection. In the present study, we evaluate the activity of nine anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), previously isolated from convalescent donors infected with the Wuhan-Hu-1 strain, against the SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron. By testing an array of mutated spike receptor binding domain (RBD) proteins, cell-expressed spike proteins from VOCs, and neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 VOCs as pseudoviruses, or as the authentic viruses in culture, we show that mAbs directed against the ACE2 binding site (ACE2bs) are more sensitive to viral evolution compared to anti-RBD non-ACE2bs mAbs, two of which retain their potency against all VOCs tested. At the second part of our study, we reveal the neutralization mechanisms at high molecular resolution of two anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing mAbs by structural characterization. We solve the structures of the Delta-neutralizing ACE2bs mAb TAU-2303 with the SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer and RBD at 4.5 Å and 2.42 Å resolutions, respectively, revealing a similar mode of binding to that between the RBD and ACE2. Furthermore, we provide five additional structures (at resolutions of 4.7 Å, 7.3 Å, 6.4 Å, 3.3 Å, and 6.1 Å) of a second antibody, TAU-2212, complexed with the SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer. TAU-2212 binds an exclusively quaternary epitope, and exhibits a unique, flexible mode of neutralization that involves transitioning between five different conformations, with both arms of the antibody recruited for cross linking intra- and inter-spike RBD subunits. Our study provides additional mechanistic understanding about how antibodies neutralize SARS-CoV-2 and its emerging variants and provides insights on the likelihood of reinfections.

Published
2022

16. Anisotropic Magnon Spin Transport in Ultra-thin Spinel Ferrite Thin Films -- Evidence for Anisotropy in Exchange Stiffness

Author

Li, Ruofan, Li, Peng, Yi, Di, Riddiford, Lauren, Chai, Yahong, Suzuki, Yuri, Ralph, Daniel C., and Nan, Tianxiang

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

We report measurements of magnon spin transport in a spinel ferrite, magnesium aluminum ferrite $\mathrm{MgAl_{0.5}Fe_{1.5}O_4}$ (MAFO), which has a substantial in-plane four-fold magnetic anisotropy. We observe spin diffusion lengths $> 0.8$ $\mathrm{\mu m}$ at room temperature in 6 nm films, with spin diffusion length 30% longer along the easy axes compared to the hard axes. The sign of this difference is opposite to the effects just of anisotropy in the magnetic energy for a uniform magnetic state. We suggest instead that accounting for anisotropy in exchange stiffness is necessary to explain these results.

Published
2021
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20. Electronically Coupled 2D Polymer/MoS2 Heterostructures

Author

Balch, Halleh B, Evans, Austin M, Dasari, Raghunath R, Li, Hong, Li, Ruofan, Thomas, Simil, Wang, Danqing, Bisbey, Ryan P, Slicker, Kaitlin, Castano, Ioannina, Xun, Sangni, Jiang, Lili, Zhu, Chenhui, Gianneschi, Nathan, Ralph, Daniel C, Brédas, Jean-Luc, Marder, Seth R, Dichtel, William R, and Wang, Feng

Subjects
Engineering, Disulfides, Electrons, Models, Molecular, Molecular Conformation, Molybdenum, Polymers, Chemical Sciences, General Chemistry, Chemical sciences
Abstract

Emergent quantum phenomena in electronically coupled two-dimensional heterostructures are central to next-generation optical, electronic, and quantum information applications. Tailoring electronic band gaps in coupled heterostructures would permit control of such phenomena and is the subject of significant research interest. Two-dimensional polymers (2DPs) offer a compelling route to tailored band structures through the selection of molecular constituents. However, despite the promise of synthetic flexibility and electronic design, fabrication of 2DPs that form electronically coupled 2D heterostructures remains an outstanding challenge. Here, we report the rational design and optimized synthesis of electronically coupled semiconducting 2DP/2D transition metal dichalcogenide van der Waals heterostructures, demonstrate direct exfoliation of the highly crystalline and oriented 2DP films down to a few nanometers, and present the first thickness-dependent study of 2DP/MoS2 heterostructures. Control over the 2DP layers reveals enhancement of the 2DP photoluminescence by two orders of magnitude in ultrathin sheets and an unexpected thickness-dependent modulation of the ultrafast excited state dynamics in the 2DP/MoS2 heterostructure. These results provide fundamental insight into the electronic structure of 2DPs and present a route to tune emergent quantum phenomena in 2DP hybrid van der Waals heterostructures.

Published
2020

21. Encoding of the current situation of fixed assets management in basic medical research institutes

Author

LI Ruofan, CUI Puan, ZHANG Yun, MA Xiao, ZHANG Xinyi, YANG Dexin

Subjects
basic medical research, instrument and equipment, fixed assets management, Medicine
Abstract

Fixed assets are important resources of research work at basic medical research institutes. It is of practical significance to scientifically manage fixed assets, continuously improve their application efficiency, and minimize the loss and waste of assets for the orderly conduct of scientific research, teaching, and administrative work. This article takes the equipment assets of a basic medical research institute as an example and to analyze the weakness in the management of fixed assets of the institute, puts forward some new strategies to improve the management of fixed assets at basic medical research institutes.

Published
2023
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24. Liquid Metal Fibers

Author

Wang, Hongzhang, Li, Ruofan, Cao, Yingjie, Chen, Sen, Yuan, Bo, Zhu, Xiyu, Cheng, Jiashu, Duan, Minghui, and Liu, Jing

Published
2022
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25. Layer-dependent spin-orbit torques generated by the centrosymmetric transition metal dichalcogenide $\beta$-MoTe$_2$

Author

Stiehl, Gregory M., Li, Ruofan, Gupta, Vishakha, Baggari, Ismail El, Jiang, Shengwei, Xie, Hongchao, Kourkoutis, Lena F., Mak, Kin Fai, Shan, Jie, Buhrman, Robert A., and Ralph, Daniel C.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

Single-crystal materials with sufficiently low crystal symmetry and strong spin-orbit interactions can be used to generate novel forms of spin-orbit torques on adjacent ferromagnets, such as the out-of-plane antidamping torque previously observed in WTe$_2$/ferromagnet heterostructures. Here, we present measurements of spin-orbit torques produced by the low-symmetry material $\beta$-MoTe$_2$, which unlike WTe$_2$ retains bulk inversion symmetry. We measure spin-orbit torques on $\beta$-MoTe$_2$/Permalloy heterostructures using spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance as a function of crystallographic alignment and MoTe$_2$ thickness down to the monolayer limit. We observe an out-of-plane antidamping torque with a spin torque conductivity as strong as 1/3 of that of WTe$_2$, demonstrating that the breaking of bulk inversion symmetry in the spin-generation material is not a necessary requirement for producing an out-of-plane antidamping torque. We also measure an unexpected dependence on the thickness of the $\beta$-MoTe$_2$ -- the out-of-plane antidamping torque is present in MoTe$_2$/Permalloy heterostructures when the $\beta$-MoTe$_2$ is a monolayer or trilayer thick, but goes to zero for devices with bilayer $\beta$-MoTe$_2$.

Published
2019
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26. Predictors of relapse in Takayasu arteritis

Author

He, Shiping, Li, Ruofan, Jin, Shangyi, Wang, Yanhong, Li, Hongbin, Duan, Xinwang, Pan, Lili, Wu, Lijun, Wang, Yongfu, Zhang, Yan, Wu, Zhenbiao, Li, Jing, Yang, Yunjiao, Tian, Xinping, and Zeng, Xiaofeng

Published
2023
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34. Innovation of University Financial Management Model Based on Big Data Technology

Author

Wang, Ruili, Li, Ruofan, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Pal, Nikhil R., Advisory Editor, Bello Perez, Rafael, Advisory Editor, Corchado, Emilio S., Advisory Editor, Hagras, Hani, Advisory Editor, Kóczy, László T., Advisory Editor, Kreinovich, Vladik, Advisory Editor, Lin, Chin-Teng, Advisory Editor, Lu, Jie, Advisory Editor, Melin, Patricia, Advisory Editor, Nedjah, Nadia, Advisory Editor, Nguyen, Ngoc Thanh, Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Xu, Zheng, editor, Parizi, Reza M., editor, Hammoudeh, Mohammad, editor, and Loyola-González, Octavio, editor

Published
2020
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38. Oxygen vacancy-promoted photocatalytic H2O2 production over bismuth oxybromide nanosheets.

Author

Chu, Hongxiang, Li, Ruofan, Zeng, Di, Wang, Wenjing, Cui, Bingkun, Jia, Taikang, Zhang, Ling, and Wang, Wenzhong

Subjects
*NANOSTRUCTURED materials, *BISMUTH, *VISIBLE spectra, *CHARGE carriers, *HYDROGEN peroxide, *LIGHT absorption
Abstract

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an essential and versatile oxidant. The photocatalytic production of H2O2 is a promising alternative to the conventional anthraquinone oxidation process. In this work, BiOBr nanosheets with oxygen vacancies (OVs) were successfully synthesized by a solvothermal method in the presence of mannitol. The character of the nanosheets shortened the diffuse length of charge carriers, which is beneficial for the charge separation. The introduction of OVs enhanced the visible light absorption and also improved the carrier separation. Furthermore, OVs enhanced the activation of O2 molecules and facilitated the generation of ˙O2−. As a result, the products exhibited good performance in photocatalytic H2O2 production. After introducing HCOOH, the yield of H2O2 was further enhanced by a factor of 50, from 3 μmol h−1 to 150 μmol h−1. This work provides a reference to design high performance photocatalysts for H2O2 production through defect engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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43. High-resolution genome mapping and functional dissection of chlorogenic acid production in Lonicera maackii

Author

Li, Ruili, primary, Xu, Jing, additional, Qi, Zengxing, additional, Zhao, Shiwei, additional, Zhao, Ran, additional, Ge, Yanrui, additional, Li, Ruofan, additional, Kong, Xiuya, additional, Wu, Zhenying, additional, Zhang, Xi, additional, He, Qizouhong, additional, Zhang, Yan, additional, Liu, Ping-Li, additional, Zhu, Lei, additional, Mao, Jian-Feng, additional, Fu, Chunxiang, additional, Komis, George, additional, Grünhofer, Paul, additional, Schreiber, Lukas, additional, and Lin, Jinxing, additional

Published
2023
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44. Synthesis, Hole Doping, and Electrical Properties of a Semiconducting Azatriangulene-Based Covalent Organic Framework

Author

Burke, David W., primary, Dasari, Raghunath R., additional, Sangwan, Vinod K., additional, Oanta, Alexander K., additional, Hirani, Zoheb, additional, Pelkowski, Chloe E., additional, Tang, Yongjian, additional, Li, Ruofan, additional, Ralph, Daniel C., additional, Hersam, Mark C., additional, Barlow, Stephen, additional, Marder, Seth R., additional, and Dichtel, William R., additional

Published
2023
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48. Decarboxylative [4 + 2] cycloaddition via ligand-to-metal charge transfer photoexcitation of a Cu-MOF.

Author

Wang, Wenjing, Zeng, Di, Wang, Juxue, Cui, Bingkun, Jia, Taikang, Li, Ruofan, Chu, Hongxiang, Zhang, Yu, Zhang, Ling, and Wang, Wenzhong

Subjects
CHARGE transfer, PHOTOEXCITATION, ACRYLIC acid, ATMOSPHERIC pressure, RING formation (Chemistry), ENERGY industries, FURANS synthesis, FURAN derivatives
Abstract

Production of p-xylene (PX) via a broad biomass-derived furan cycloaddition has received incremental interest because of its renewable character. To date, the [4 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of furan derivatives with acrylic acid (AA) to synthesize PX has been achieved mainly by thermo-catalysis, but the stern reaction conditions usually lead to high energy costs. Herein, we report a copper-mediated decarboxylative cycloaddition within PW@HKUST-1 under visible-light irradiation to realize rapid synthesis of PX with 92.6% yield in 3 h under atmospheric pressure. Preliminary mechanistic studies reveal a radical decarboxylation process via ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) that initiates the [4 + 2] cycloaddition under visible-light irradiation. This work suggests that photoexcited [4 + 2] cycloaddition could be a cost-effective strategy for the synthesis of biomass-derived PX. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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49. CO2‐Mediated Photocatalytic Chlorine Production Over Bismuth Oxychloride in Chloride Solution.

Author

Wang, Juxue, Zhang, Ling, Li, Ruofan, Zeng, Di, Wang, Wenjing, and Wang, Wenzhong

Subjects
CHLORINE, CRYSTAL texture, BISMUTH, CHLORINATION, CHLORIDES, SODIUM hydroxide
Abstract

As one of the most commonly bulky chemicals, chlorine is conventionally manufactured by electrolysis of NaCl solution in the chlor–alkali process, which requires a huge supply of electrical energy. The photocatalytic route to produce chlorine by using solar energy and NaCl solution offers a promising strategy to reduce energy consumption and bring economic benefits. Herein, it was found that the introduction of CO2 would enhance the productivity of Cl2 from 8.24 μmol⋅h−1 to 39.6 μmol⋅h−1 in NaCl solution over BiOCl. Experimental studies reveal that the CO2 species (CO32−) entered into the crystal texture of BiOCl and the interlayer space between [Bi2O2]2+ slabs were increased and distorted, accelerating the cycle of Cl species. Besides, the cycle of carbonate species also existed and accelerated the reaction efficiency of Cl− oxidation to Cl2. This work provides a new feasible method of using abundant CO2 resources to accelerate the process of chlorine production via photocatalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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