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Copyright of International Journal of Management Academy is the property of Uluslararasi Yonetim Akademisi Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Afet riski gibi pek çok nedenle üretilen kentsel dönüşüm projeleri kentsel mekânın şekillenmesinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Ayrıca toplum üzerinde çok boyutlu etkileri olan kentsel dönüşüm projeleri, bireylerin yaşam kalitelerini ve yapılı çevreye ilişkin memnuniyetlerini doğrudan etkilemektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışma, kentsel dönüşüm projelerinin konut sakinlerinin günlük yaşamları ve yaşam kaliteleri üzerindeki etkisini tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma için örneklem olarak seçilen kentsel dönüşüm projesi, Ankara Sincan ilçesinde müstakil ruhsatsız yapılardan oluşan bir mahalle olan Saraycık Mahallesi'nde Toplu Konut İdaresi tarafından üretilmiştir. Çalışma, fiziksel dönüşümün, dönüşüm öncesi bölgede yaşayan insanların günlük yaşamlarını ve yaşam kalitelerini nasıl etkilediğini incelemektedir. Dönüşüm projesi öncesi bölgede yaşayan insanların yeni yaşam ortamı ve yaşamlarındaki değişim hakkındaki görüşleri hakkında veri toplamak için yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Görüşme sonuçları, dönüşümden önce bölgede yaşayan insanların, kentsel dönüşüm projesinin yarattığı yeni yaşam ortamına uyum sağlamakta zorlandıklarını göstermektedir. Bu nedenle kentsel dönüşüm projeleri üretilirken, projenin sakinler üzerindeki muhtemel sosyal etkilerinin göz önünde bulundurulması ve kentsel dönüşüm projesinden etkilenen sakinlerin de sürece dahil edilmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır.

Scheduling for accurate estimation of construction duration is significant to prevent construction delays and successfully complete projects on time. Although the main reasons for construction delays differ among developing countries, several factors related to project characteristics and clients contribute. In this study, interviews and observations were conducted with TOKI (Housing Development Administration of the Republic of Turkey), to explore construction delays. It was revealed that TOKI uses three factors such as “the number of flats”, “type of drawings utilized during the tender stage”, and “non-working days” to estimate total construction duration. Data analysis of the TOKI Projects Status Table, which lists detailed project information for 2800 completed TOKI projects, showed that most delays occurred in housing projects. Therefore, the construction delays for TOKI housing projects were investigated in this case study. The findings revealed that there is a wide construction duration gap between calculated construction durations using TOKI’s calculation method and durations indicated in official construction contracts between TOKI as a client and the awarded contractors. It was concluded that the comparison between durations with construction documents and schematic design and construction delays are generally positive and high. Therefore, it was found that TOKI significantly shortened the construction duration and the factors used by TOKI for calculation of the construction duration are insufficient, which ultimately resulted in delays for a considerable number of housing projects. These findings can be helpful for clients and project managers to mitigate construction delays. To effectively overcome construction delays in developing countries, suggestions are made to develop accurate construction duration estimation models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mülkiye Dergisi is the property of Mulkiye Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the last 30 years, there have been various findings related to the effects of construction investments––especially housing investments––on the economic development of urban areas. However, the impact of public housing investments on economic development in rapidly and dynamically developing countries with high housing demand has not been sufficiently discussed. This article presents an examination of the impact of housing production as a public housing investment on the economic development of provinces at the macro level through the case of Turkey. In the study, we analyzed the impact of public housing investments on the economic development of the provinces in Turkey between 2004 and 2018. Since 2004, Turkey has pursued a policy of increasing public housing investments, and for this purpose, the structure of the Toplu Konut İdaresi Başkanlığı (TOKI––the Mass Housing Authority), which is a strong and autonomous centralized public institution, has changed. Despite the increase in public housing investment at the country level as a result of this policy, the effect of public housing investment on economic growth at the provincial level has not been determined. In this study, panel data analysis methods were applied, regression analyses were conducted, and the findings were evaluated. The findings of the analyses showed that, although housing investments (private sector) have had an impact on the development of the provinces at the macro level, public housing investment and production have not played a decisive role in the economic development of the provinces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of PLANARCH - Design & Planning Research is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Journal of Management Academy is the property of Uluslararasi Yonetim Akademisi Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Except for specific cases, there has not been a planned and programmed housing policy in Turkey. After the 1960s, with the increase in the population of the cities, the slums built by the poor began to appear, and in time they began to spread from the city centers to the periphery. Housing production started to be a part of this process as the construction sector, which started with the neoliberal era, began to be seen as a means of accumulation. Especially in the last 20 years, the construction sector (especially housing) has become the sector that receives the most investment, surpassing other sectors. For this reason, slum constructions began to be prevented and housing acquisition began to be encouraged with various financial instruments. On the one hand, the central government accelerated the housing production throughout the country by giving special powers to the Housing Development Administration (TOKİ), and on the other hand, it aimed to revive the construction sector in the cities by expanding the authorities of the local governments. Housing production has an important place in the construction sector. However, at the point reached in housing production, prices have increased speculatively, in the selection of zoning plans and lands opened for development, profit has begun to be prioritized over public interest, and housing production has begun to be seen as an investment element rather than a need. In this study, after the development of the housing sector in Turkey, the current housing policies will be discussed through the case of Gaziantep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Space syntax analysis method is used to define the regions, cities, built environments, building groups, spatial models, and indoor organizations at different scales and to examine their interaction with social structure. This study aimed to analyse the spatial organization of traditional atria by using the space syntax method and to reveal the socio-cultural effect of atria. The spatial morphology and behavioural models regarding the traditional Antakya houses and social houses built by the Housing Development Administration of the Republic of Turkey, the institution that has the largest share in the construction of high-rise buildings in Turkey, were compared and analysed through the space syntax method As a result of the study, it has been determined that the privacy of family and women directly affects the design in traditional Antakya houses. On the other hand in TOKI buildings has been observed that individual privacy was given more importance and it has been determined that this was not created by building design decisions, but by the entrance doors of the rooms.

Hızlı ve aşırı nüfus artışıyla birlikte konuta olan ihtiyaç artmakta ve sosyal konut uygulamaları barınma sorununa çözüm olmak adına ön plan çıkmaktadır. Sanayi devriminin etkisiyle başlayan sosyal konut üretimi 1.Dünya Savaşı sonrasında yoğunlaşmış olup, Türkiye'deki ilk uygulamalarına 19. yy. sonlarında rastlanmıştır. Toplu Konut Yasası'nın çıkmasıyla birlikte 1984 yılı sonrasında Toplu Konut İdaresi (TOKİ) sosyal konut üretiminde aktif rol almıştır. Ülkemizde alt ve orta gelir gruplara yönelik sosyal konut uygulamaları TOKİ etkileşimi ile artarak devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmada sosyal konut kavramı TOKİ ve toplu konut çerçevesiyle sınırlandırılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında TOKİ, toplu konut uygulamaları ve sosyal konut kavramlarının irdelendiği bilimsel yayınlar araştırılmıştır. Farklı bilim dalları tarafından yapılan çalışmaların hangi alanlarda yoğunlaştığı ve hangi alanda yeterince araştırma yapılmadığının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan doküman analizi kullanılmış, web sistemi üzerinden elektronik materyaller incelenmiştir. Sosyal konut uygulamalarının ve politikalarının önemi ile ulusal literatürdeki yerini anlamak amacıyla detaylı literatür taraması yapılarak, sosyal konutlarla ilgili makaleler ve sosyal konut-toplu konut-TOKİ ilişkisi üzerine odaklanan tezler incelenmiş ve analiz edilmiştir. Ulusal literatürdeki mevcut durum tespit edilerek, "sosyal konut, TOKİ, toplu konut" kavramlarına ilişkin eksik olan alanlara yönelik öneriler geliştirilmiştir. Çalışmada, TOKİ uygulamalarının sosyal konut kavramıyla birlikte ele alındığı ve sosyal konut kavramının disiplinler arası yönünün öne çıktığı görülmüştür. Ulusal literatürde özellikle 1987 sonrasında karşılaşılmaya başlanan "sosyal konut, toplu konut ve TOKİ" kavramlarına yönelik çalışmalar günümüzde de devam etmektedir. Belirli konular üzerine yoğunlaşıldığı görülmekle birlikte, farklı bilimsel alanlarda da konunun gündeme gelmesi ve çalışmalarda yer verilmesi önemli görülmektedir. With the rapid and excessive population growth, the need for housing is increasing and social housing applications are coming to the stands out in order to be a solution to the housing problem. Social housing production, which started with the effect of the industrial revolution, intensified after World War I and its first applications in Turkey were started in the 19th century. With the enactment of the Mass Housing Law, after 1984, The Mass Housing Administration took an active role in the production of social housing. In our country, social housing applications for lower and middle income groups continue to increase with the interaction of MHA. In this study, the concept of social housing is limited to MHA and mass housing framework. Within the scope of the study, scientific publications examining the concepts of MHA, mass housing applications and social housing were investigated. It is aimed to determine the level of competence of the studies carried out by different disciplines, which areas are concentrated too much and in which field insufficient research is done. In the study, document analysis, which is one of the qualitative research methods, was used and electronic materials were examined through the web system. In the study, a detailed search was made in order to understand the importance of social housing practices and policies and their place in the national literature, and the articles on social housing and the theses on the relationship between social housing-mass housing-MHA were examined and analysed. The current situation in the national literature was determined and suggestions were developed for the missing areas related to the concepts of "social housing, MHA, and public housing". In the study, it was seen that MHA applications were handled together with the concept of social housing and the interdisciplinary aspect of the concept of social housing came to the fore. Studies on the concepts of "social housing, mass housing and MHA", which started to be encountered in the national literature especially after 1987, continue today. Although it is seen that the focus is on certain topics, it is considered important that the subject is brought to the agenda in different scientific fields and included in the studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social housing policy enabled the provision of housing units below market values through the different provision and finance methods based on the changing policy of countries,. Although the policy most probably focused on rental social housing units, Turkey's social housing policy has followed its distinct way via building for sale social housing units. After evaluating the applications that met the necessary conditions, housing units were distributed by lot, and a framework for new owners of units was created to obey. One of the most critical items of the framework is that owners cannot lease and sell social housing units until their debts are paid. However, whether the owner continues to live in the social housing unit or the unit is sold to someone else has not been extensively investigated, although it has taken its place in the discussions. Within the scope of this study, the housing transaction for the Housing Development Agency's (TOKİ) two different housing projects (The low-income social housing project and the administration housing project) were discussed through the Title Deed Transaction Statistics. As a result, it has been revealed that although the Administration restrains the projects, handover transactions occur. Last but not least, the consequences and reasons for these handovers have been overviewed for the sake of social housing policy in the long run. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tasavvur: Tekirdag Theology Journal / Tekirdag Ilahiyat Dergisi is the property of Namik Kemal University, Faculty of Theology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Van’da kentsel gelişim sürecinde yaşanan kritik eşiklerin kentte ortaya çıkardığı konut sorununa yönelik yapılan gecekondu, kooperatif, özel ve kamu konut üretimlerinin kentin mekânsal gelişim sürecine etkilerini ortaya koymaktır. 1990’lı yıllarda artan zorunlu göçlerin sebep olduğu konut ihtiyacına yönelik yapılan gecekonduların ortaya çıkardığı yeni mahalleler, 2011 depremleri sonrası yapılan TOKİ konutlarının yapıldığı mahalleler ve yeni açılan mahalleler kentin gelişim istikametine yön vermiş, yeni aksların ortaya çıkmasını sağlamıştır. Ayrıca 2012 yılında Van’ın Büyükşehir Belediyesi statüsüne getirilmesi ile birlikte il merkezine bağlı bütün köylerin ilin merkez mahallesi olması kentsel alan sınırını değiştirmiş ve genişletmiştir. Sadece demografik anlamda gerçekleşen bu değişim hareketi ile kentin kırsal karakteri daha da güçlendirilmiş ancak kentsel anlamda bir gelişme söz konusu olamamıştır. Çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak yapılmış ve varılan sonuçlara göre: Van kentinin mekânsal gelişim sürecine etki eden göçler, depremler ve büyükşehir olma gibi faktörlerle beraber gelişen konut üretim faaliyetleri neticesinde kentsel alan sınırı değişime uğramıştır. Bu bağlamında çalışmada kentin değişen sosyal, ekonomik ve fiziki özellikleri ele alınarak değerlendirilmiştir.

This study focuses on migrant women's experiences in TOKI Uzundere, a housing settlement built in Izmir (2009) by the Mass Housing Administration of Turkey (TOKI). It problematizes the incompatibility between the apartments' standardized layouts and the residents' spatial practices. The study argues that these interiors have become paradoxical spaces with the potential to be transformed by women struggling to fit them to their daily routines, and social and physical needs, by applying certain spatial tactics. These tactics were charted through in-depth interviews with women, observations inside their apartments, schematic drawings, and photography. Our analysis demonstrates how women's everyday practices and spatial tactics challenge and reconfigure the assumed uses of the interiors in these social housing units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been determined that there are many factors affecting learning performance in the modern period. One of these factors is the physical characteristics of the educational structure. The design criteria of educational buildings are the main factors in the formation of the physical properties of the buildings. In this study, the effects of the physical properties of the buildings built on the basis of Herman Hertzberger and TOKĠ educational building design criteria on learning performance were compared. The aim here is to determine the design criteria and results that affect learning performance. In addition, to the research reveals the parameters that people and organizations that build buildings should pay attention to in the design of education structure according to TOKĠ and TOKĠ design criteria. This educational structure as Herman Hertzberger for comparison Raffaello Basis-En Middelbare School in Italy and the Spılcentrum Waterrıjk School in Netherland, TOKĠ educational structure as the Primary School Ali KuĢçu and Primary School Molla Gürani in Turkey has been included in the study. In line with this purpose and scope, quantitative and verbal analyzes were made on the basis of physical criteria that have an impact on educational psychology, and visual and verbal techniques were used together to collect data. As a result of the study, mistakes such as lining up classes on both sides of the corridor or not creating personal development areas while designing a uniform education structure were determined, and the criteria to be considered in educational structure designs were explained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Part I of this article (Melka and Schoch 2021),1 we described an antique wooden artifact from Easter Island, known as the "Lutz-Terasaki fragment", that bears a single rongorongo glyph. Here we focus further on the "Lutz-Terasaki fragment", gleaning as much evidence as we can by resorting to a complex analysis. The ethno-linguistic, epigraphic, and xylological data point - thus far - toward the remains of an artifact of utilitarian and/or ritualistic scope. In order to exhaust every potentiality regarding the "Lutz-Terasaki fragment" and the meaning of the glyph that it bears, we must consider similar contexts that may appear in the future if other artifacts are located bearing the same or a similar glyph. It is acknowledged that in the absence of new corroborating evidence, even the best-formed hypotheses concerning rongorongo glyphs and sequences may stretch too thin and, quite often, be summarily dismissed or simply ignored. Continuing investigation and rational conversation with scholars of Rapa Nui, we have found to our profit, are efficacious ways to respond to hypothetical settings. To suggest otherwise would be highly arguable or erroneous. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In terms of the results of neoliberalizm, the existence of similarities as well as the unique experience of each country is important for analysing the practices of an economy-based and widespread movement. In this study, TOKI in Turkey and RTB in England housing policies, examining the practical implications of neoliberalizm in the housing sector. The similarities and differences of tenants and landlords will be handled through mediation examples. Examining these two groups allows to define the dynamics of inequality in the housing problem. In the study, what is the relationship between inequality and housing policies and what are the similar and different consequences of neoliberal housing policies in terms of the production of inequality between tenants and landlords by country will be answered. For this purpose, while examining the current literature, the analysis of secondary data (statistics created by the official and private sector) method was used. As a result, neoliberalizm is similar in the inequality it increases, even if it is practiced in different countries and in different political and cultural environments. In this case, examples of housing policy in the UK and Turkey (RTB and TOKI) were examined. Because the number of tenants has generally been in an increasing trend during the years when neoliberal housing policies were in effect, which claimed as the primary indicator to facilitate and increase housing acquisition by middle and lower income groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Academic Social Science Studies is the property of Journal of Academic Social Science Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Megaron is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The factors of economic value increases, quantitative dimension of physical requirements, organization and legal structuring come to the forefront in the transformations in which cities are restructured by TOKI with government support in Turkey. Although the stated ultimate aim of these transformation projects is the social rehabilitation of residences, the implementations developed have failed to take into consideration the social life of the people, and moreover, because these implementations have also not been mindful of the quality of the living environments to which individuals are accustomed, the neighborhood culture is lost, the sense of belonging to social and physical environment disappears, and individuals are unable to adapt to the new living environments. In this context, this study evaluates the transformation approach from the family-friendly perspective that is compatible with the social structure and the lifestyle based on the neighborhood culture in Turkey. For this purpose, family-friendly settlements are conceptually examined; relevant results of the case study conducted on the socio-spatial effects, which have been reversed in the transformations implemented in line with the current policies, are discussed. The study results suggest that the lifestyle facilitated through a pre-transformation horizontal physical space organization that was close to city center could not be transferred to the post-transformation vertical settlements in the periphery, the social network is lost, the sense of insecurity spread, accessibility, affordability and suitability for raising children declined and so the transformations destroyed the former family-friendly neighborhood structure. In conclusion, recommendations were developed to rework the structures in the family-friendly transformations that are resident-and-family-oriented, appropriate to residents' lifestyles and capable of being socially and physically integrated within the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Çalışmada, son yıllarda yapılan uygulamalar ve 2012 yılında oluşturulan yasal altyapı nedeniyle Türkiye planlama politikalarında önemli bir gündem maddesi olan kentsel dönüşüm konusu fiziksel, sosyal ve örgütsel boyutlarıyla incelenmektedir. Belirli örneklere odaklanarak yapılan değerlendirme üzerinden genel birtakım yargılara ulaşılması yönteminin izlendiği çalışmada, ülke çapındaki uygulamaların merkezden yönetilmesi ve tekelci bir yaklaşımla üretilmesi bu genellemeye olanak vermektedir. Kentsel dönüşümün yapılanması ile ilgili birtakım görüşlerin belirtilmesinin ardından, Batı ülkelerinde ve Türkiye’de kentsel dönüşümün geçirdiği evrimin ele alındığı araştırmada, 2000’li yıllardan itibaren Türkiye’de TOKİ’nin kentsel dönüşümde değişen rolü, bu çerçevedeki hedefleri ve amaçları ele alınmaktadır. Alan çalışması kapsamında, Türkiye’de dönüşüm stratejilerinde önemli bir yere sahip olan Bursa kentinde TOKİ tarafından üretilen kentsel dönüşüm uygulamaları fiziksel ve sosyal boyutlarıyla irdelenmiş olup; çalışmanın son bölümünde ulaşılan bulgular farklı boyutlarıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirme üzerinden, merkezden yönetilmenin bir avantaja dönüştürülmesi, dönüşüm uygulamalarının kent bütününün bir parçası olabilmesi, sosyal entegrasyonu sağlayabilmesi, özgün kimliği korunan, çağdaş kent kurgusuna katkı koyabilmesi ve dönüşüm aracılığıyla kamusal yaşam kalitesinin yükseltilmesi amacıyla öneriler geliştirilmektedir.

The failure to access housing by the low-income households is one of the most important problems worldwide. The most important cause of this problem is the inability of the low-income households to afford housing market prices. The concept of “Affordable Housing” has emerged at this point as an important housing policy, which focuses on the ratio between the household incomes and housing costs. This concept has been adopted by many countries due to envisage housing for lower income households. In this context Housing Development Administration of Turkey (TOKI) provides housing for low-income households. This paper evaluates low-income housing produced by TOKI within the concept of Affordable Housing through the results of a survey realized in TOKI Ankara Kusunlar Low-Income Housing Project. Survey was conducted to 100 household in 1-10 March 2014. The preliminary causes of implementation in the case study area originating from the concept of affordability are discussed.

Copyright of Journal of the Institute of Social Sciences Cankiri Karatekin University / Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Cankiri Karatekin University, Institute of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The role of urban design in urban policy making has been extensively discussed in recent years due to the insufficiency of existing applications in the complex structure of global urbanization. This paper aims at addressing the role of urban design as a policy instrument in urban politics through a case in one of the metropolitan cities of Turkey, Bursa. The case presented in the article reflects the emergence of a non-space in a city with a rich historic and cultural heritage. Lack of control and accountability, lack of communication between actors in the process and power coalitions are the main reasons of this process that caused the huge misfit between TOKI Doganbey settlement and the overall context. This settlement harmed Bursa's identity tremendously and caused a lot of turmoil since none of the parties involved is content with the end product. We try to elaborate on the process and the role of various actors in shaping it. Turkey does not have a rich urban design experience although successful projects are seen in high-income housing settlements. We conclude that it is timely to start with a new approach to the discipline to prevent such failures with large impacts on the urban form and life. The need for a holistic approach seems imperative to establish the core of a new urban design discipline involving socio-spatial concerns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kitchens and bathrooms called as wet spaces in houses have great importance for house construction and interior arrangement of house. During the design process, it is highly important to do consciously the planning of wet spaces. The most important criterion to be considered for design is that wet spaces have proper characteristics for changing life conditions and technological requirements. This research determines at what stage the daily needs of the occupants accommodating in apartments built by Mass Housing Administration (TOKİ) has been answered and the complaints if there exist. For that aim, kitchens having the same interior organization were used as the stimuli in recently built by TOKI in a district called Selcuk University Campus in Konya. According to the results obtained by means of a detailed questionnaire, occupants in Selcuk University thought the kitchens functionally insufficient related with difference of education level. Moreover, all occupants complain the insufficient use of storages of the dwelling with different ratio and the ratio shows increment based on people population living in the home. Another striking result was the users' perceptual evaluation on their kitchens as they mostly found the space uninteresting and ordinary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, describes the social housing policies and practices for compensation of the housing needs of the poor people in Turkey. In this context, Turkey's housing policy were exemined from the republican period to todays. Also, focused on the role of social housing production of The Mass Housing Administration; which has become the dominant actors in the construction sector by expanding the powers of the period of AK Party government. TOKİ's performs has been evaluated in the light of quantitative and qualitative data which products are frequently subject of criticism for adequacy. Finally I was made some policy and practice recommendations about TOKİ social housing which contains discrepancies between the definition and implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developments in housing finance system and activities of Housing Development Agency (HDA/TOKI) have been majör trends in recent years in Turkey. Primary reasons of the increasing activities of HDA are positive externalities of real estate economy ,inefficiencies of mortgage system, and compansating income/wealth constraints in housing finance. Because existing literatüre does not comprehensively adress financial structure/efficiency of the HDA, the paper explores Fundamentals and financial efficiency of the HDA model. We conclude although it has positive outlook, HDA system may have risks due to its less transparent/accountable organizational structure and financial structure. It is suggested in the paper that HDA may transform a full service financial firm to minimize its potential risks and improve its corporate governance/financial efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Ankara Studies / Ankara Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Sadberk Hanim Muzesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The developments that have occurred in economic and social life after the industrial revolution cause the need for house in cities as a result of the migration from rural areas. Since before now, housing in a healthy environment has been an important problem for low-income groups which don't have the opportunity to obtain a house. This problem is being tried to be solved by especially the government, local administrations, social organizations, and private sector. But these institutions remain incapable to meet the deficit of collective housing, which is caused by rapid urbanization especially in developing countries such as Turkey. Until the 1980s, the attempts of municipalities and social organizations have not remedied a radical solution to the problem of collective housing. Therefore, the government made the law number 2985 in 1984 and began to play an active role in meeting the need for housing. Housing development fund, which was constituted with this law, enabled the housing development administration fund raising. Public Housing and Public Participation Administration, which was also founded with the same law, went into division in 1990 and Housing Development Administration of Turkey (TOKİ) was constituted. Especially with the arrangements made after the year 2003, TOKİ has become one of the leading actors of the housing sector in our country. Hence, it has built 500 thousand houses in the last decade. Considering the population density of the province, it is remarkable that TOKİ has built a great amount of buildings in Erzincan. Within the proince, especially in Erzincan Plain, a great majority of about 8000 houses have been completed by TOKİ. By this study, it is aimed to set forth the effects of the activities of TOKİ on the sectors of urbanization, infrastructure, illegal housing prevention, urban renewal, transportation, agriculture and construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information regarding the new methods to develop energy efficacy in Turkey. It mentions that the residential developments should be in those areas where preserving and using natural resources is possible. It also mentions that Housing Development Administration of Turkey (TOKİ) are implementing new regulations related to energy efficacy of the site environment data, technical developments, and building design.

This paper focused on one of the major actors of Turkish construction sector, TOKİ. Emerging of TOKİ and its present position in the construction sector will be evaluated. TOKİ will be examined in relation with social transformation and integration of Turkish society to the capitalist world economy. After examining of TOKİ with various respects, public dwelling policy of Turkey will be discussed in two separate parts: Before 1980 and after 1980. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Affordable housing policies in Turkey have reached a new stage over the last decade in the context of the TOKİ model advocated by the government. Housing developed by TOKİ (the Public Housing Administration), the top official agency responsible for affordable housing policies in Turkey, has become so widespread in all cities of Turkey that it involves not only the construction sector but also trade associations and the public in general. In this article, following a general discussion of the demand and supply of housing in Turkey, we evaluate user satisfaction and the quality of TOKİ implementations since 2000 for low- and middle-income groups in Bursa, the fourth largest city in Turkey. Bursa sets an interesting example for the study because of the city's long-term prominence in commerce and its current status as an important industrial city. Massive migrations and unplanned urbanization have resulted in a need for housing for every income group in Bursa, especially for low- and middle-income groups. The emphasis in this study is that, in addition to quantity, quality should be considered in housing production. Furthermore, the implementation of TOKİ should be aimed at developing more habitable and higher-quality environments by considering all socio-cultural and physical factors. It is expected that these evaluations will lead to the development of a more comprehensive affordable housing policy in Turkey.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim of the study: Japanese Angelica radix (Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa radix; Yamato-toki), is classified into one of the three grades: excellent-, middle- and low-grade. Even though herbal doctors and Kampo pharmacists have observed that radix grades correspond to their pharmacological response in clinical experience, these observations has not been documented with supporting scientific evidence in the literature. In the current study, relationship between content of pharmacological components and the grade of radixes was reported. Materials and methods: Pharmacological effect of methanol extracts of excellent- and low-grade radixes was compared using assay of inhibition of acetylcholine-induced contraction in guinea pig ileum. Pharmacological contents of the radix were quantitatively measured by HPLC analysis. Results: Excellent-grade radixes showed lower activity than low-grade radixes on the inhibition assay for ileum contraction. (Z)-Ligustilide content of the excellent-grade radixes was statistically significantly lower than that of other grades of radixes (p-value by Student''s t-test: 6.9×10−4). A regression equation was obtained from assessing the inhibitory activity of a (Z)-ligustilide standard at various concentrations. Comparison of the inhibitory activity values, which were estimated by the regression equation, and the actual activity values, which were determined using the assay, indicated that ligustilide is the factor that dominantly affects the activity. The ligustilide concentration of hot water extracts of radixes was determined. The concentration in the hot water extracts and the content of the radixes was positively correlated based on a Pearson correlation test. This result suggests that ligustilide extracted by infusion depends on its radix content. Conclusions: There are differences in (Z)-ligustilide content and its pharmacological activity depending on the grade of Japanese Angelica radix. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The prices of Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa (yamato-toki) and A. acutiloba Kitagawa var. sukiyamae Hikino (hokkai-toki) are now mainly determined according to the sensory quality determined by experts in addition to the physical properties. This method provides a low reliability result for differentiating and qualifying their qualities. In addition, the quality in terms of pharmacological efficiency is not taken into account for consideration in the ordinary sensory method. A combination of a 1H NMR technique and a multivariate analysis was preliminarily applied for the quality evaluation of both toki roots with regard to their geographical and variety differences. A broad range of metabolites was detected by a single-run 1H NMR spectrometry. Partial least-squares discrimination analysis (PLS-DA), a pattern recognition method, was applied to the 1H NMR spectra of aqueous extracts of toki samples having different sensory qualities. The PLS-DA result showed a clear clustering corresponding to the cultivation area between toki samples cultivated in Hokkaido (Japan) and those cultivated in the southern part of China and the Nara prefecture (Japan), while there was no separation corresponding to the toki''s variety and sensory qualities, indicating the inconsistency of the sensory evaluation result. The chemical metabolites contributing to the discrimination of toki samples in relation to pharmacological and sensory properties were reported for the first time. A reliable multivariate calibration model used to predict the sensory quality was successfully carried out by PLS regression. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]