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Stem bark of Sterculia setigera Delile, family Sterculiaceae, is used in traditional medicine in Sudan and other African countries to treat various diseases. This study aimed to investigate the chemical constituents, antioxidant, enzyme inhibition and antiproliferative activities of stem bark extracts and an isolated compound. Compounds were extracted using hexane and dichloromethane: ethanol (DE) (1:1). Chromatographic techniques were performed to characterize the phenolic compounds. We isolated lupeol as a bioactive compound in S. setigera from DE extract. The antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties of each extract were evaluated. The antiproliferative activity of the DE extract was determined. Results showed that five known compounds namely; procyanidins as dimer B, trimer C1 and tetramer, 3,4-dimethoxyphenol s-D-apiofuranosyl (1″→6″)- s -D-glucopyranoside and (+)- catechin were identified or tentatively elucidated, in addition to the isolation and characterization of lupeol. DE extract showed significantly (p

The phytochemical investigation of Ochrosia eliptica leaves resulted in isolation and identification of eight compounds; lupeol, lupeol acetate, uvaol, ursolic acid, β-sitosterol glucoside, rutin, 8-methoxy and 9-methoxy ellipticine . The ethanolic extract and fractions were studied for their cytotoxic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The cytotoxic activity was performed on human mammary adenocarcinoma (MCF7), its multidrug-resistant ‎ counterpart (VCREMS), estrogen receptor negative human metastatic breast ‎ adenocarcinoma cells (MDA-MB-231) and the non-cancerous, immortalized by ‎ telomerase, human breast epithelial cell line (hTERT-HME1). Additionally, the inhibitory potential on Cdc25s proteins was determined. The results showed that the dichloromethane (DCM) fraction and the major alkaloid; 9-methoxyellipticine exhibited high inhibitory activity against all tested cell lines particularly MCF7 and VCREMS cell lines, whereas t he DCM fraction showed a significant inhibitory action on Cdc25 A isoform. In contrast, the n-butanol fraction and 9-methoxyellipticine displayed the highest antioxidant potential. The DCM fraction showed significant anti-inflammatory activity compared to indomethacin. This work comprises the first comprehensive work to be conducted on O. elliptica leaves showing its potential in multiple biological activities .

Objective To explore the potential of essential oil, as therapeutic molecule source, from olibanum of Boswellia papyrifera (Burseraceae), leafy stems of Cymbopogon schoenanthus (Poaceae) and Croton zambesicus (Euphorbiaceae) and rhizome of Cyperus rotundus (Cyperaceae) found in Sudan. Respective essential oil was evaluated for anti-proliferative, antibacterial and antioxidant activity. Methods Essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation and then analysed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Anti-proliferative activity was determined against human cell lines (MCF7 and MDA-MB231, HT29 and HCT116) by the thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) procedure. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by diphenyl 2 pycril hydrazil (DPPH) assay. Antibacterial activity was determined against two Gram-positive and two Gram-negative bacteria by microdilution method. Results The essential oil from olibanum of Boswellia papyrifera contained mainly alcohol and ester derivatives (46.82%) while monoterpenes (69.84%) dominated in Corton zambesicus oil. Sesquiterpenes were the most highly represented classes of terpene derivatives in Cyperus schoenanthus (71.59%) and Cyperus rotundus (44.26%). Oil of Cymbopogon schoenanthus revealed the best anti-proliferative activity against HCT116 cell line with IC50 value at (19.1 ± 2.0) μg/mL. Oil of Croton zambesicus showed the best antioxidant activity [EC50 (4.20 ± 0.19) mg/mL]. All oils showed good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli , Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value ranged from 16 to 250 μg/mL. Conclusions The results suggest that the essential oils of these plants could be used as a source of natural anti-proliferative, antioxidant and antibacterial agents.

International audience; In this study, we isolated 15 endophytic fungi from five Sudanese medicinal plants. Each fungal endophytic strain was identified by sequencing of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA. Ethyl acetate extracts were prepared from each endophyte cultivated in vitro and tested for their respective antibacterial activities and antiproliferative activities against human cancer cells. Antibacterial screening was carried out against two bacterial strains: Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, by the broth dilution method. Cell viability was evaluated by the MTT procedure after exposure of MCF7 breast cancer cells and HT29 or HCT116 human colon adenocarcinoma cells to each endophytic extract. Of interest, Byssochlamys spectabilis isolated from Euphorbia prostata showed cytotoxicity (IC 50 = 1.51 ± 0.2 μg mL −1) against MCF7 cells, but had a low effect against HT29 or HCT116 cells (IC 50 > 20 μg mL −1). Cladosporium cladosporioides 2, isolated from Vernonia amygdalina leaves, showed antiproliferative activities against MCF7 cells (IC 50 = 10.5 ± 1.5 μg mL −1) only. On the other hand, B. spectabilis and Alternaria sp. extract had antibacterial activities against the S. aureus strain. The findings of this work revealed that endophytic fungi associated with medicinal plants from Sudan could be considered as an attractive source of new therapeutic compounds.

International audience; A one-pot synthesis of novel benzopyran-4-ones is described. In a tandem reaction, organobase-catalysed Michael addition of (RCOCH2COR2)-C-1 on chromone-3-carboxylic acid led to decarboxylation and pyran-4-one ring opening of the latter. This was followed by chromone- and/or chromanone ring closure of the resulting Michael adducts when R-1 is an ortho-hydroxyaryl group. Antioxidant testing of 14 derivatives identified strong antiradical properties of chromanones 3o-r (2.1-3.1 mu mol Trolox equiv./mu mol compound in the DPPH assay). Chromanones 3p and 3r and 2-styrylchromone 3k were also most potent in inducing the cytoprotective Keap1-Nrf2 signalling pathway in a reporter gene assay (fivefold induction at concentrations