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1. Measurement of the anomalous precession frequency of the muon in the Fermilab Muon <math><mi>g</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn></math> Experiment

Author

P. Bloom, P. Kammel, Timothy Chupp, C. Schlesier, P. Girotti, M. J. Lee, A. Nath, Frederick Gray, C. Gabbanini, D. Shemyakin, C. C. Polly, L. Cotrozzi, V. N. Duginov, G. Venanzoni, T. Stuttard, G. Lukicov, M. Iacovacci, H. E. Swanson, T. P. Gorringe, B. C.K. Casey, J. Grange, N. H. Tran, K. W. Hong, K. T. Pitts, R. T. Chislett, Fabrizio Marignetti, A. Lucà, Martin Fertl, E. Barlas-Yucel, J. George, A. Kuchibhotla, Dariush Hampai, T. Walton, D. Cauz, G. Sweetmore, J. Bono, I. R. Bailey, Dinko Pocanic, J. L. Holzbauer, Gavin Grant Hesketh, J. L. Ritchie, Alexander Keshavarzi, H. P. Binney, A. García, Manolis Kargiantoulakis, A. Basti, Barry King, B. MacCoy, M. Kiburg, David Rubin, Alexey Anisenkov, V. Tishchenko, Marin Karuza, H. Nguyen, P. Di Meo, Claudio Ferrari, N. Kinnaird, Liang Li, L. K. Gibbons, N. Raha, R. Chakraborty, D. Flay, R. N. Pilato, M. Incagli, M. Lancaster, Michael Syphers, S. Baeßler, T. J. V. Bowcock, J. LaBounty, G. M. Piacentino, D. Vasilkova, S. Park, A. Lusiani, T. Albahri, R. Madrak, Z. Hodge, Dominik Stöckinger, A. Chapelain, Brad Plaster, R. M. Carey, Dongdong Li, J. D. Crnkovic, D. W. Hertzog, Selcuk Haciomeroglu, J. P. Miller, Andrzej Wolski, Tabitha Halewood-leagas, Franco Bedeschi, B. L. Roberts, S. Grant, J. Fry, Kyoko Makino, J.B. Hempstead, S. Di Falco, K. S. Khaw, W. Turner, Z. Chu, A. T. Herrod, J. D. Price, T. Barrett, N. V. Khomutov, M. Farooq, P. Winter, J. Stapleton, R. Fatemi, D. Kawall, S. Charity, L. Santi, A. Schreckenberger, E. Valetov, B. Quinn, Yannis K. Semertzidis, B. Li, K. L. Giovanetti, A. E. Tewsley-Booth, S. Lee, Ran Hong, S. Leo, M. D. Galati, A.T. Fienberg, Sultan B. Dabagov, S. P. Chang, L. Kelton, G. Pauletta, Rachel Osofsky, G. Di Sciascio, S. Ganguly, D.A. Sweigart, Meghna Bhattacharya, Thomas Teubner, A. Gioiosa, S. Miozzi, B. Kiburg, J. Esquivel, A. Lorente Campos, David Kessler, E. Bottalico, M. Sorbara, Christopher Stoughton, J. Mott, Kayleigh Anne Thomson, Giovanni Cantatore, A. Fioretti, A. Anastasi, Wanwei Wu, Karie Badgley, S. Mastroianni, O. Kim, William Morse, L. Welty-Rieger, A. L. Lyon, A. Hibbert, A. Weisskopf, P. T. Debevec, W. Gohn, E. J. Ramberg, R. Di Stefano, E. Kraegeloh, Martin Berz, Z. Khechadoorian, S. Ramachandran, D. Stratakis, S. Corrodi, D. A. Tarazona, V. A. Baranov, J. Choi, F. Han, Nicholas A. Pohlman, M. Eads, I. Logashenko, N. A. Kuchinskiy, M. W. Smith, Y. I. Kim, A. Driutti, J. Kaspar, K. R. Labe, N. S. Froemming, E. Frlež, Albahri, T., Anastasi, A., Anisenkov, A., Badgley, K., Baeßler, S., Bailey, I., Baranov, V. A., Barlas-Yucel, E., Barrett, T., Basti, A., Bedeschi, F., Berz, M., Bhattacharya, M., Binney, H. P., Bloom, P., Bono, J., Bottalico, E., Bowcock, T., Cantatore, G., Carey, R. M., Casey, B. C. K., Cauz, D., Chakraborty, R., Chang, S. P., Chapelain, A., Charity, S., Chislett, R., Choi, J., Chu, Z., Chupp, T. E., Corrodi, S., Cotrozzi, L., Crnkovic, J. D., Dabagov, S., Debevec, P. T., Di Falco, S., Di Meo, P., Di Sciascio, G., Di Stefano, R., Driutti, A., Duginov, V. N., Eads, M., Esquivel, J., Farooq, M., Fatemi, R., Ferrari, C., Fertl, M., Fienberg, A. T., Fioretti, A., Flay, D., Frlež, E., Froemming, N. S., Fry, J., Gabbanini, C., Galati, M. D., Ganguly, S., Garcia, A., George, J., Gibbons, L. K., Gioiosa, A., Giovanetti, K. L., Girotti, P., Gohn, W., Gorringe, T., Grange, J., Grant, S., Gray, F., Haciomeroglu, S., Halewood-Leagas, T., Hampai, D., Han, F., Hempstead, J., Herrod, A. T., Hertzog, D. W., Hesketh, G., Hibbert, A., Hodge, Z., Holzbauer, J. L., Hong, K. W., Hong, R., Iacovacci, M., Incagli, M., Kammel, P., Kargiantoulakis, M., Karuza, M., Kaspar, J., Kawall, D., Kelton, L., Keshavarzi, A., Kessler, D., Khaw, K. S., Khechadoorian, Z., Khomutov, N. V., Kiburg, B., Kiburg, M., Kim, O., Kim, Y. I., King, B., Kinnaird, N., Kraegeloh, E., Kuchibhotla, A., Kuchinskiy, N. A., Labe, K. R., Labounty, J., Lancaster, M., Lee, M. J., Lee, S., Leo, S., Li, B., Li, D., Li, L., Logashenko, I., Lorente Campos, A., Lucà, A., Lukicov, G., Lusiani, A., Lyon, A. L., Maccoy, B., Madrak, R., Makino, K., Marignetti, F., Mastroianni, S., Miller, J. P., Miozzi, S., Morse, W. M., Mott, J., Nath, A., Nguyen, H., Osofsky, R., Park, S., Pauletta, G., Piacentino, G. M., Pilato, R. N., Pitts, K. T., Plaster, B., Počanić, D., Pohlman, N., Polly, C. C., Price, J., Quinn, B., Raha, N., Ramachandran, S., Ramberg, E., Ritchie, J. L., Roberts, B. L., Rubin, D. L., Santi, L., Schlesier, C., Schreckenberger, A., Semertzidis, Y. K., Shemyakin, D., Smith, M. W., Sorbara, M., Stöckinger, D., Stapleton, J., Stoughton, C., Stratakis, D., Stuttard, T., Swanson, H. E., Sweetmore, G., Sweigart, D. A., Syphers, M. J., Tarazona, D. A., Teubner, T., Tewsley-Booth, A. E., Thomson, K., Tishchenko, V., Tran, N. H., Turner, W., Valetov, E., Vasilkova, D., Venanzoni, G., Walton, T., Weisskopf, A., Welty-Rieger, L., Winter, P., Wolski, A., and Wu, W.

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Measure (physics), FOS: Physical sciences, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Omega, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), muon, 0103 physical sciences, Fermilab, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Larmor precession, Physics, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, anomalous magnetic moment, 3. Good health, Magnetic field, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Storage ring, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract

The Muon g-2 Experiment at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL) has measured the muon anomalous precession frequency $\omega_a$ to an uncertainty of 434 parts per billion (ppb), statistical, and 56 ppb, systematic, with data collected in four storage ring configurations during its first physics run in 2018. When combined with a precision measurement of the magnetic field of the experiment's muon storage ring, the precession frequency measurement determines a muon magnetic anomaly of $a_{\mu}({\rm FNAL}) = 116\,592\,040(54) \times 10^{-11}$ (0.46 ppm). This article describes the multiple techniques employed in the reconstruction, analysis and fitting of the data to measure the precession frequency. It also presents the averaging of the results from the eleven separate determinations of \omega_a, and the systematic uncertainties on the result., Comment: 29 pages, 19 figures. Published in Physical Review D

Published
2021

2. Beam dynamics corrections to the Run-1 measurement of the muon anomalous magnetic moment at Fermilab

Author

K. S. Khaw, C. Schlesier, Diktys Stratakis, R. Fatemi, S. Corrodi, D. Newton, K. T. Pitts, R. T. Chislett, L. K. Gibbons, Kyoko Makino, E. Bottalico, A. Gioiosa, J. LaBounty, J. Bono, I. R. Bailey, P. Kammel, D. Kawall, T. J. V. Bowcock, H. P. Binney, W. Turner, A. T. Herrod, S. Miozzi, A. Schreckenberger, E. Valetov, N. H. Tran, K. W. Hong, J. Esquivel, M. Sorbara, Christopher Stoughton, Fabrizio Marignetti, A. Lucà, L. Kelton, M. Eads, D. Stöckinger, T. Barrett, G. Piacentino, J. Mott, S. Baeßler, Bck Casey, Kayleigh Anne Thomson, Giovanni Cantatore, Rachel Osofsky, M. Kiburg, E. Barlas-Yucel, Michael Syphers, C. C. Polly, J. Choi, R. Chakraborty, D. Flay, David Rubin, J. Grange, N. A. Kuchinskiy, M. W. Smith, G. Lukicov, M. Iacovacci, G. Pauletta, J. L. Ritchie, B. MacCoy, L. Cotrozzi, V. N. Duginov, A. Lorente Campos, S. Lee, Ran Hong, G. Sweetmore, D.A. Sweigart, M. Korostelev, Dongdong Li, D. W. Hertzog, Alexander Keshavarzi, G. Di Sciascio, Alejandro L. Garcia, Liang Li, F. Han, D. Sathyan, A.T. Fienberg, Sultan B. Dabagov, M. J. Lee, S. P. Chang, Benjamin T. King, Marin Karuza, R. N. Pilato, M. Incagli, J.B. Hempstead, B. Quinn, L. Santi, N. Kinnaird, F. Gray, P. Winter, L. Welty-Rieger, Meghna Bhattacharya, H. Nguyen, P. Di Meo, T. Stuttard, A. L. Lyon, David Kessler, A. Chapelain, J. Kaspar, B. Li, Galati, Sudeshna Ganguly, Andrzej Wolski, A. Driutti, D. A. Tarazona, Brad Plaster, R. M. Carey, D. Cauz, G. Venanzoni, J. Fry, B. Kiburg, J. P. Miller, W. Gohn, B. L. Roberts, S. Grant, V. A. Baranov, Nicholas A. Pohlman, N. V. Khomutov, M. Farooq, Jason Crnkovic, A. Hibbert, K. R. Labe, P. T. Debevec, Thomas Teubner, S. Di Falco, J. D. Price, Yi Kim, I.B. Logashenko, Yannis K. Semertzidis, K. L. Giovanetti, A. E. Tewsley-Booth, E. Frlež, Martin Berz, S. Charity, T. Walton, Z. Khechadoorian, S. Ramachandran, A. Fiedler, T. P. Gorringe, William Morse, A. Fioretti, A. Anastasi, O. Kim, A. Weisskopf, Wanwei Wu, Karie Badgley, S. Mastroianni, J. L. Holzbauer, Manolis Kargiantoulakis, S. Park, A. Lusiani, T. Albahri, R. Madrak, Selcuk Haciomeroglu, Z. Chu, Dariush Hampai, Gavin Grant Hesketh, J. George, Tishchenko, D. Vasilkova, Franco Bedeschi, P. Bloom, Timothy Chupp, P. Girotti, Nathan Froemming, J. Stapleton, Dinko Pocanic, M. Lancaster, C. Gabbanini, N. Raha, H. E. Swanson, Martin Fertl, Z. Hodge, Tabitha Halewood-leagas, E. J. Ramberg, A. Nath, R. Di Stefano, E. Kraegeloh, Claudio Ferrari, Albahri, T., Anastasi, A., Badgley, K., Baessler, S., Bailey, I., Baranov, V. A., Barlas-Yucel, E., Barrett, T., Bedeschi, F., Berz, M., Bhattacharya, M., Binney, H. P., Bloom, P., Bono, J., Bottalico, E., Bowcock, T., Cantatore, G., Carey, R. M., Casey, B. C. K., Cauz, D., Chakraborty, R., Chang, S. P., Chapelain, A., Charity, S., Chislett, R., Choi, J., Chu, Z., Chupp, T. E., Corrodi, S., Cotrozzi, L., Crnkovic, J. D., Dabagov, S., Debevec, P. T., Di Falco, S., Di Meo, P., Di Sciascio, G., Di Stefano, R., Driutti, A., Duginov, V. N., Eads, M., Esquivel, J., Farooq, M., Fatemi, R., Ferrari, C., Fertl, M., Fiedler, A., Fienberg, A. T., Fioretti, A., Flay, D., Frlez, E., Froemming, N. S., Fry, J., Gabbanini, C., Galati, M. D., Ganguly, S., Garcia, A., George, J., Gibbons, L. K., Gioiosa, A., Giovanetti, K. L., Girotti, P., Gohn, W., Gorringe, T., Grange, J., Grant, S., Gray, F., Haciomeroglu, S., Halewood-Leagas, T., Hampai, D., Han, F., Hempstead, J., Herrod, A. T., Hertzog, D. W., Hesketh, G., Hibbert, A., Hodge, Z., Holzbauer, J. L., Hong, K. W., Hong, R., Iacovacci, M., Incagli, M., Kammel, P., Kargiantoulakis, M., Karuza, M., Kaspar, J., Kawall, D., Kelton, L., Keshavarzi, A., Kessler, D., Khaw, K. S., Khechadoorian, Z., Khomutov, N. V., Kiburg, B., Kiburg, M., Kim, O., Kim, Y. I., King, B., Kinnaird, N., Korostelev, M., Kraegeloh, E., Kuchinskiy, N. A., Labe, K. R., Labounty, J., Lancaster, M., Lee, M. J., Lee, S., Li, B., Li, D., Li, L., Logashenko, I., Lorente Campos, A., Luca, A., Lukicov, G., Lusiani, A., Lyon, A. L., Maccoy, B., Madrak, R., Makino, K., Marignetti, F., Mastroianni, S., Miller, J. P., Miozzi, S., Morse, W. M., Mott, J., Nath, A., Newton, D., Nguyen, H., Osofsky, R., Park, S., Pauletta, G., Piacentino, G. M., Pilato, R. N., Pitts, K. T., Plaster, B., Pocanic, D., Pohlman, N., Polly, C. C., Price, J., Quinn, B., Raha, N., Ramachandran, S., Ramberg, E., Ritchie, J. L., Roberts, B. L., Rubin, D. L., Santi, L., Sathyan, D., Schlesier, C., Schreckenberger, A., Semertzidis, Y. K., Smith, M. W., Sorbara, M., Stockinger, D., Stapleton, J., Stoughton, C., Stratakis, D., Stuttard, T., Swanson, H. E., Sweetmore, G., Sweigart, D. A., Syphers, M. J., Tarazona, D. A., Teubner, T., Tewsley-Booth, A. E., Thomson, K., Tishchenko, V., Tran, N. H., Turner, W., Valetov, E., Vasilkova, D., Venanzoni, G., Walton, T., Weisskopf, A., Welty-Rieger, L., Winter, P., Wolski, A., and Wu, W.

Subjects
Larmor precession, Physics, Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph), Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Muon, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Anomalous magnetic dipole moment, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Surfaces and Interfaces, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Magnetic field, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), muon magnetic anomaly, 0103 physical sciences, Physics - Accelerator Physics, Fermilab, Pitch angle, 010306 general physics, G-2 EXPERIMENTFREQUENCY, Storage ring, Beam (structure)
Abstract

This paper presents the beam dynamics systematic corrections and their uncertainties for the Run-1 data set of the Fermilab Muon g-2 Experiment. Two corrections to the measured muon precession frequency $\omega_a^m$ are associated with well-known effects owing to the use of electrostatic quadrupole (ESQ) vertical focusing in the storage ring. An average vertically oriented motional magnetic field is felt by relativistic muons passing transversely through the radial electric field components created by the ESQ system. The correction depends on the stored momentum distribution and the tunes of the ring, which has relatively weak vertical focusing. Vertical betatron motions imply that the muons do not orbit the ring in a plane exactly orthogonal to the vertical magnetic field direction. A correction is necessary to account for an average pitch angle associated with their trajectories. A third small correction is necessary because muons that escape the ring during the storage time are slightly biased in initial spin phase compared to the parent distribution. Finally, because two high-voltage resistors in the ESQ network had longer than designed RC time constants, the vertical and horizontal centroids and envelopes of the stored muon beam drifted slightly, but coherently, during each storage ring fill. This led to the discovery of an important phase-acceptance relationship that requires a correction. The sum of the corrections to $\omega_a^m$ is 0.50 $\pm$ 0.09 ppm; the uncertainty is small compared to the 0.43 ppm statistical precision of $\omega_a^m$., Comment: 35 pages, 29 figures. Accepted by Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams

Published
2021
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3. Demonstration of Muon-Beam Transverse Phase-Space Compression

Author

Andreas Eggenberger, K. S. Khaw, Florian M. Piegsa, Gunther Wichmann, Andreas Knecht, Ryoto Iwai, Narongrit Ritjoho, C. Petitjean, Angela Papa, Thomas J. Phillips, N. J. Ayres, V. Bondar, Klaus Kirch, Aldo Antognini, D. Taqqu, Daniel M. Kaplan, Ivana Belosevic, Alexey Stoykov, and Malte Hildebrandt

Subjects
Physics, Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph), Muon, Density gradient, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Muonium, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Magnetic field, Transverse plane, Compression (functional analysis), Phase space, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Physics - Accelerator Physics, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Beam (structure)
Abstract

We demonstrate efficient transverse compression of a 12.5 MeV/c muon beam stopped in a helium gas target featuring a vertical density gradient and crossed electric and magnetic fields. The muon stop distribution extending vertically over 14 mm was reduced to a 0.25 mm size (rms) within 3.5 μs. The simulation including cross sections for low-energy μ+-He elastic and charge exchange (μ+↔ muonium) collisions describes the measurements well. By combining the transverse compression stage with a previously demonstrated longitudinal compression stage, we can improve the phase space density of a μ+ beam by a factor of 1010 with 10−3 efficiency., Physical Review Letters, 125 (16), ISSN:0031-9007, ISSN:1079-7114

Published
2020

4. Performance of the Muon g−2 calorimeter and readout systems measured with test beam data

Author

D.A. Peterson, M. Bartolini, K. L. Giovanetti, N.T. Rider, A. Kuchibhotla, A. Gioiosa, S. Ganguly, A.T. Fienberg, A. Chapelain, H. P. Binney, W. Gohn, R. Bjorkquist, J. Kaspar, C. Schlesier, T. P. Gorringe, M. Iacovacci, A. Driutti, A. Lusiani, S. Leo, M. W. Smith, T. Stuttard, D. W. Hertzog, G. Pauletta, S. Mastroianni, L. K. Gibbons, Dinko Pocanic, G. Venanzoni, Claudio Ferrari, D.A. Sweigart, T. D. Van Wechel, K. S. Khaw, J.B. Hempstead, C. Gabbanini, and A. Fioretti

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Muon, Calorimeter (particle physics), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Electrical engineering, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Silicon photomultiplier, Data acquisition, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, Waveform, Fermilab, Electronics, 010306 general physics, business, Instrumentation
Abstract

A single calorimeter station for the Muon g − 2 experiment at Fermilab includes the following subsystems: a 54-element array of PbF 2 Cherenkov crystals read out by large-area SiPMs, bias and slow-control electronics, a suite of 800 MSPS waveform digitizers, a clock and control distribution network, a gain calibration and monitoring system, and a GPU-based front-end which is read out through a MIDAS data acquisition environment. The entire system performance was evaluated using 2.5–5 GeV electrons at the End Station Test Beam at SLAC. This paper includes a description of the individual subsystems and the results of measurements of the energy response and resolution, energy-scale stability, timing resolution, and spatial uniformity. All measured performances meet or exceed the g − 2 experimental requirements. Based on the success of the tests, the complete production of the required 24 calorimeter stations has been made and installation into the main experiment is complete. Furthermore, the calorimeter response measurements reported here informed the design of the reconstruction algorithms that are now employed in the running g − 2 experiment.

Published
2019

5. Geant4 simulation of the PSI LEM beam line: energy loss and muonium formation in thin foils and the impact of unmoderated muons on the $\mu$SR spectrometer

Author

K. S. Khaw, Klaus Kirch, Aldo Antognini, Elvezio Morenzoni, Zaher Salman, Thomas Prokscha, Andreas Suter, and Paolo Crivelli

Subjects
Materials science, Muon, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Spectrometer, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Cyclotron, Muonium, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Muon spin spectroscopy, Kinetic energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Beam (structure), Lepton
Abstract

The PSI low-energy $��$SR spectrometer is an instrument dedicated to muon spin rotation and relaxation measurements. Knowledge of the muon beam parameters such as spatial, kinetic energy and arrival-time distributions at the sample position are important ingredients to analyze the $��$SR spectra. We present here the measured energy losses in the thin carbon foil of the muon start detector deduced from time-of-flight measurements. Muonium formation in the thin carbon foil (10 nm thickness) of the muon start detector also affect the measurable decay asymmetry and therefore need to be accounted for. Muonium formation and energy losses in the start detector, whose relevance increase with decreasing muon implantation energy ($, Paper submitted to JINST for review on 15th Jun 2015

Published
2015

6. Testing antimatter gravity with muonium

Author

Klaus Kirch and K. S. Khaw

Subjects
Phase space compression, Gravity (chemistry), Physics::General Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), Muonium, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Physics - Atomic Physics, Acceleration, Gravitational potential, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Physics::Popular Physics, Gravitational field, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, Annual variation, Physics::Atomic Physics, 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Antimatter gravity, Astronomy, Mach-Zehnder interferometer, Muon spin rotation, Superfluid helium, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Redshift, Antimatter
Abstract

The debate about how antimatter or different antimatter systems behave gravitationally will be ultimately decided by experiments measuring directly the acceleration of various antimatter probes in the gravitational field of the Earth or perhaps redshift effects in antimatter atoms caused by the annual variation of the Sun's gravitational potential at the location of the Earth. Muonium atoms may be used to probe the gravitational interaction of leptonic, second generation antimatter. We discuss the progress of our work towards enabling such experiments with muonium., International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series, 30, ISSN:2010-1945

Published
2014
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7. Muonium Emission into Vacuum from Mesoporous Thin Films at Cryogenic Temperatures

Author

K. S. Khaw, Bernardo Barbiellini, K. Kwuida, Laszlo Liszkay, Paolo Crivelli, Thomas Prokscha, Zaher Salman, Klaus Kirch, Aldo Antognini, Elvezio Morenzoni, Florian M. Piegsa, and Andreas Suter

Subjects
Physics, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Muonium, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, Physics - Atomic Physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, 3. Good health, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0103 physical sciences, Thin film, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

We report on Muonium (Mu) emission into vacuum following {\mu}+ implantation in mesoporous thin SiO2 films. We obtain a yield of Mu into vacuum of (38\pm4)% at 250 K temperature and (20\pm4)% at 100 K for 5 keV {\mu}+ implantation energy. From the implantation energy dependence of the Mu vacuum yield we determine the Mu diffusion constants in these films: D250KMu = (1.6 \pm 0.1) \times 10-4 cm2/s and D100KMu = (4.2\pm0.5)\times10-5 cm2/s. Describing the diffusion process as quantum mechanical tunneling from pore-to-pore, we reproduce the measured temperature dependence T^3/2 of the diffusion constant. We extract a potential barrier of (-0.3 \pm 0.1) eV which is consistent with our computed Mu work-function in SiO2 of [-0.3,-0.9] eV. The high Mu vacuum yield even at low temperatures represents an important step towards next generation Mu spectroscopy experiments., Comment: 5 pages, 5 Figures

Published
2012

8. Design and performance of SiPM-based readout of PbF 2 crystals for high-rate, precision timing applications

Author

L. K. Gibbons, D.A. Sweigart, K. S. Khaw, P. Kammel, T. D. Van Wechel, G. Venanzoni, W. Gohn, Claudio Ferrari, K. L. Giovanetti, M. W. Smith, A. Fioretti, J. Kaspar, A. Chapelain, M. Iacovacci, T. P. Gorringe, D.A. Peterson, M. A. Huehn, D. W. Hertzog, C. Gabbanini, Dinko Pocanic, S. Mastroianni, A.T. Fienberg, Kaspar, J., Fienberg, A. T., Hertzog, D. W., Huehn, M. A., Kammel, P., Khaw, K. S., Peterson, D. A., Smith, M. W., Van Wechel, T. D., Van Chapelain, D. A., Gibbons, L. K., Sweigart, D. A., Ferrari, C., Fioretti, A., Gabbanini, C., Venanzoni, G., Iacovacci, M., Mastroianni, S., Giovanetti, K., Gohn, W., Gorringe, T., and Pocanic, D.

Subjects
Materials science, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Photodetector, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Optics, Silicon photomultiplier, Front-end electronics for detector readout, 0103 physical sciences, Fermilab, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Cherenkov radiation, Calorimeter, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Amplifier, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Timing detector, Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (solid-state), business, Storage ring
Abstract

We have developed a custom amplifier board coupled to a large-format 16-channel Hamamatsu silicon photomultiplier device for use as the light sensor for the electromagnetic calorimeters in the Muon g-2 experiment at Fermilab. The calorimeter absorber is an array of lead-fluoride crystals, which produces short-duration Cherenkov light. The detector sits in the high magnetic field of the muon storage ring. The SiPMs selected, and their accompanying custom electronics, must preserve the short pulse shape, have high quantum efficiency, be non-magnetic, exhibit gain stability under varying rate conditions, and cover a fairly large fraction of the crystal exit surface area. We describe an optimized design that employs the new-generation of thru-silicon via devices. The performance is documented in a series of bench and beam tests., In version 2, simplified schematics of the SiPM board was fixed, and high rate test redone

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9. The laser-based gain monitoring system of the calorimeters in the Muon g −2 experiment at Fermilab

Author

S.B. Dabagov, A. Chapelain, S. Di Falco, G. Di Sciascio, M. Incagli, A. Boiano, A. Lusiani, D. Cauz, Dariush Hampai, L. K. Gibbons, J.B. Hempstead, G. M. Piacentino, A. Fioretti, A. Anastasi, E. Bottalico, N. Raha, D. W. Hertzog, G. Venanzoni, A.T. Fienberg, R. Di Stefano, Fabrizio Marignetti, C. Gabbanini, Claudio Ferrari, A. Nath, F. Bedeschi, G. Pauletta, K. S. Khaw, S. Mastroianni, G. Corradi, M. Iacovacci, M. W. Smith, Marin Karuza, A. Gioiosa, S. Donati, S. Miozzi, A. Basti, A. Driutti, M. Sorbara, P. Girotti, D.A. Sweigart, Giovanni Cantatore, P. Di Meo, L. Santi, J. Kaspar, Anastasi, A., Basti, A., Bedeschi, F., Boiano, A., Bottalico, E., Cantatore, G., Cauz, D., Chapelain, A. T., Corradi, G., Dabagov, S., Falco, S. D., Meo, P. D., Sciascio, G. D., Stefano, R. D., Donati, S., Driutti, A., Ferrari, C., Fienberg, A. T., Fioretti, A., Gabbanini, C., Gibbons, L. K., Gioiosa, A., Girotti, P., Hampai, D., Hempstead, J. B., Hertzog, D. W., Iacovacci, M., Incagli, M., Karuza, M., Kaspar, J., Khaw, K. S., Lusiani, A., Marignetti, F., Mastroianni, S., Miozzi, S., Nath, A., Pauletta, G., Piacentino, G. M., Raha, N., Santi, L., Smith, M., Sorbara, M., Sweigart, D. A., Venanzoni, G., Falco, S. Di, Meo, P. Di, Sciascio, G. Di, and Stefano, R. Di

Subjects
sources, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector alignment and calibration methods (lasers, sources, particle-beams), FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, law.invention, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, 03 medical and health sciences, Calorimeters, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0302 clinical medicine, law, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, Fermilab, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Physics, Calorimeter, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Anomaly (natural sciences), Monitoring system, particle-beams), Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Laser, muon g-2, 3. Good health, Detector alignment and calibration methods (lasers, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Order of magnitude
Abstract

The Muon $g-2$ experiment, E989, is currently taking data at Fermilab with the aim of reducing the experimental error on the muon anomaly by a factor of four and possibly clarifying the current discrepancy with the theoretical prediction. A central component of this four-fold improvement in precision is the laser calibration system of the calorimeters, which has to monitor the gain variations of the photo-sensors with a 0.04\% precision on the short-term ($\sim 1\,$ms). This is about one order of magnitude better than what has ever been achieved for the calibration of a particle physics calorimeter. The system is designed to monitor also long-term gain variations, mostly due to temperature effects, with a precision below the per mille level. This article reviews the design, the implementation and the performance of the Muon $g-2$ laser calibration system, showing how the experimental requirements have been met., 33 pages,24 figures. Matches the published version

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