Author: "Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia" / Topic: 010603 evolutionary biology - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1. Climatic and soil factors explain the two-dimensional spectrum of global plant trait variation

Author: Julia S. Joswig, Christian Wirth, Meredith C. Schuman, Jens Kattge, Björn Reu, Ian J. Wright, Sebastian D. Sippel, Nadja Rüger, Ronny Richter, Michael E. Schaepman, Peter M. van Bodegom, J. H. C. Cornelissen, Sandra Díaz, Wesley N. Hattingh, Koen Kramer, Frederic Lens, Ülo Niinemets, Peter B. Reich, Markus Reichstein, Christine Römermann, Franziska Schrodt, Madhur Anand, Michael Bahn, Chaeho Byun, Giandiego Campetella, Bruno E. L. Cerabolini, Joseph M. Craine, Andres Gonzalez-Melo, Alvaro G. Gutiérrez, Tianhua He, Pedro Higuchi, Hervé Jactel, Nathan J. B. Kraft, Vanessa Minden, Vladimir Onipchenko, Josep Peñuelas, Valério D. Pillar, Ênio Sosinski, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Evan Weiher, Miguel D. Mahecha, JULIA S. JOSWIG, SEBASTIAN D. SIPPEL, NADJA RÜGER, RONNY RICHTER, MICHAEL E. SCHAEPMAN, PETER M. VAN BODEGOM, J. H. C. CORNELISSEN, SANDRA DÍAZ, WESLEY N. HATTINGH, KOEN KRAMER, FREDERIC LENS, ÜLO NIINEMETS, PETER B. REICH, MARKUS REICHSTEIN, CHRISTINE RÖMERMANN, FRANZISKA SCHRODT, MADHUR ANAND, MICHAEL BAHN, CHAEHO BYUN, GIANDIEGO CAMPETELLA, BRUNO E. L. CERABOLINI, JOSEPH M. CRAINE, ANDRES GONZALEZ-MELO, ALVARO G. GUTIÉRREZ, TIANHUA HE, PEDRO HIGUCHI, HERVÉ JACTEL, NATHAN J. B. KRAFT, VANESSA MINDEN, VLADIMIR ONIPCHENKO, JOSEP PEÑUELAS, ENIO EGON SOSINSKI JUNIOR, Cenargen, NADEJDA A. SOUDZILOVSKAIA, EVAN WEIHER, MIGUEL D. MAHECHA., VALÉRIO D. PILLAR, CHRISTIAN WIRTH, MEREDITH C. SCHUMAN, JENS KATTGE, BJÖRN REU, IAN J. WRIGHT, Mahecha, Miguel D/0000-0003-3031-613X, Bahn, Michael/0000-0001-7482-9776, De Patta Pillar, Valerio/0000-0001-6408-2891, Schuman, Meredith/0000-0003-3159-3534, Joswig, Julia S., Wirth, Christian, Schuman, Meredith C., Kattge, Jens, Reu, Bjorn, Wright, Ian J., Sippel, Sebastian D., Rueger, Nadja, Richter, Ronny, Schaepman, Michael E., van Bodegom, Peter M., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Diaz, Sandra, Hattingh, Wesley N., Kramer, Koen, Lens, Frederic, Niinemets, Ulo, Reich, Peter B., Reichstein, Markus, Roemermann, Christine, Schrodt, Franziska, Anand, Madhur, Bahn, Michael, Byun, Chaeho, Campetella, Giandiego, Cerabolini, Bruno E. L., Craine, Joseph M., Gonzalez-Melo, Andres, Gutierrez, Alvaro G., He , Tianhua, Higuchi, Pedro, Jactel, Herve, Kraft, Nathan J. B., Minden, Vanessa, Onipchenko, Vladimir, Penuelas, Josep, Pillar, Valerio D., Sosinski, Enio, SOUDZILOVSKAIA, Nadia, Weiher, Evan, Mahecha, Miguel D., and Systems Ecology
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Planta, Vegetação, Ecophysiology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Article, Mudança Climática, Meio Ambiente, Soil, SDG 13 - Climate Action, Life Science, Macroecology, Plant ecology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ecosystem, 2. Zero hunger, Ecology, Biodiversidade, 15. Life on land, Plants, Plant Leaves, Solo, Phenotype, Biogeography, 13. Climate action, Technologie and Innovatie, Knowledge Technology and Innovation, Kennis, Clima, Kennis, Technologie and Innovatie, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Plant functional traits can predict community assembly and ecosystem functioning and are thus widely used in global models of vegetation dynamics and land–climate feedbacks. Still, we lack a global understanding of how land and climate affect plant traits. A previous global analysis of six traits observed two main axes of variation: (1) size variation at the organ and plant level and (2) leaf economics balancing leaf persistence against plant growth potential. The orthogonality of these two axes suggests they are differently influenced by environmental drivers. We find that these axes persist in a global dataset of 17 traits across more than 20,000 species. We find a dominant joint effect of climate and soil on trait variation. Additional independent climate effects are also observed across most traits, whereas independent soil effects are almost exclusively observed for economics traits. Variation in size traits correlates well with a latitudinal gradient related to water or energy limitation. In contrast, variation in economics traits is better explained by interactions of climate with soil fertility. These findings have the potential to improve our understanding of biodiversity patterns and our predictions of climate change impacts on biogeochemical cycles., Nature Ecology & Evolution, 6 (1), ISSN:2397-334X
Published: 2021

2. Roots and rhizospheres in forest ecosystems: Recent advances and future challenges

Author: Douglas L. Godbold, Cindy E. Prescott, Ina C. Meier, Ivano Brunner, Heljä-Sisko Helmisaari, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, and Ivika Ostonen
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Nitrogen deposition, chemistry.chemical_classification, Ecology, Taiga, Soil carbon stocks, Forestry, Plant community, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, chemistry, Forest ecology, Temperate climate, Environmental science, Organic matter, 010606 plant biology & botany, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Published: 2019

3. A starting guide to root ecology: strengthening ecological concepts and standardizing root classification, sampling, processing and trait measurements

Author: Boris Rewald, Agnieszka Bagniewska-Zadworna, Hans Lambers, Ina C. Meier, Grégoire T. Freschet, Tao Sun, A. Glyn Bengough, Marcin Zadworny, Larry M. York, Jitka Klimešová, Laura Rose, Oscar J. Valverde-Barrantes, Loïc Pagès, Monique Weemstra, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Johannes A. Postma, Eric Garnier, Ivano Brunner, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, V. G. Salmon, M. Luke McCormack, Peter Ryser, Štěpán Janeček, Moemy Gomes de Moraes, Catherine Picon-Cochard, Hendrik Poorter, Colleen M. Iversen, Alexandra Weigelt, Louise H. Comas, Elison B. Blancaflor, Catherine Roumet, Sarah A. Batterman, Arthur Gessler, Nishanth Tharayil, Nina Wurzburger, Johannes H. C. Cornelissen, Sarah E. Hobbie, Thomas S. Adams, Alexia Stokes, Liesje Mommer, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Swiss Federal Research Institute, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System, VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Leiden University, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Florida International University [Miami] (FIU), Leipzig University, Oak Ridge National Laboratory [Oak Ridge] (ORNL), UT-Battelle, LLC, University of Leeds, Federal University of Goiás [Jataí], The University of Western Australia (UWA), The Morton Arboretum, Narodowe Centrum Nauki. Grant Number: 2012/07/E/NZ9/00194, Volkswagen Foundation. Grant Number: 11-76251- 99-34/13 (ZN 2928), Natural Environment Research Council. Grant Numbers: NE/ M019497/1, NE/N012542/1, Grantová Agentura České Republiky. Grant Number: GA 19-13103S, British Council. Grant Number: 275556724, Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung. Grant Number: 31003A_159866, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Grant Number: ME 4156/2-1, ANR-10-LABX-0041,TULIP,Towards a Unified theory of biotic Interactions: the roLe of environmental(2010), Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Environmental Sciences Division [Oak Ridge], UT-Battelle, LLC-UT-Battelle, LLC, Water Management and Systems Research (WMSR), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IB / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Macquarie University, The James Hutton Institute, University of Dundee, Noble Research Institut, Institut Fédéral de Recherches [Suisse], Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), University of Hamburg, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main-Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Laurentian University, Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], University of Georgia [USA], BioSciences Division [Oak Ridge], Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Clemson University, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité expérimentale du Groupe d'Etude et de contrôle des Variétés et des Semences - INRA Avignon (GEVES Cavaillon), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien = University of Natural Resources and Life [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences (BIOLOGY CENTRE CAS), Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems (ITES), Department of Environmental Sciences [Wageningen], Universiteit Leiden, Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing], University of Oklahoma (OU), Charles University [Prague] (CU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Universität für Bodenkultur Wien [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de Recherche Agrobiosciences, Interactions et Biodiversité (FR AIB), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universität Leipzig
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Root (linguistics), Databases, Factual, Physiology, Computer science, Root ecology, Plant Science, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 01 natural sciences, trait measurements, starting guide, Protocol, below‐ground ecology, below-ground ecology, handbook, plant root functions, protocol, root classification, root ecology, root traits, Ecology, Handbook, Plants, Root traits, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, PE&RC, Phenotype, ddc:580, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Trait, Plantenecologie en Natuurbeheer, Trait measurements, Ecology (disciplines), Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Context (language use), 010603 evolutionary biology, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Controlled vocabulary, Ecosystem, Protocol (science), Forum, 15. Life on land, Metadata, Root classification, standardizing root classification, Below-ground ecology, Community Resources, Plant root functions, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, 010606 plant biology & botany, Meaning (linguistics)
Abstract: In the context of a recent massive increase in research on plant root functions and their impact on the environment, root ecologists currently face many important challenges to keep on generating cutting-edge, meaningful and integrated knowledge. Consideration of the below-ground components in plant and ecosystem studies has been consistently called for in recent decades, but methodology is disparate and sometimes inappropriate. This handbook, based on the collective effort of a large team of experts, will improve trait comparisons across studies and integration of information across databases by providing standardised methods and controlled vocabularies. It is meant to be used not only as starting point by students and scientists who desire working on below-ground ecosystems, but also by experts for consolidating and broadening their views on multiple aspects of root ecology. Beyond the classical compilation of measurement protocols, we have synthesised recommendations from the literature to provide key background knowledge useful for: (1) defining below-ground plant entities and giving keys for their meaningful dissection, classification and naming beyond the classical fine-root vs coarse-root approach; (2) considering the specificity of root research to produce sound laboratory and field data; (3) describing typical, but overlooked steps for studying roots (e.g. root handling, cleaning and storage); and (4) gathering metadata necessary for the interpretation of results and their reuse. Most importantly, all root traits have been introduced with some degree of ecological context that will be a foundation for understanding their ecological meaning, their typical use and uncertainties, and some methodological and conceptual perspectives for future research. Considering all of this, we urge readers not to solely extract protocol recommendations for trait measurements from this work, but to take a moment to read and reflect on the extensive information contained in this broader guide to root ecology, including sections I–VII and the many introductions to each section and root trait description. Finally, it is critical to understand that a major aim of this guide is to help break down barriers between the many subdisciplines of root ecology and ecophysiology, broaden researchers’ views on the multiple aspects of root study and create favourable conditions for the inception of comprehensive experiments on the role of roots in plant and ecosystem functioning. ISSN:0028-646X ISSN:1469-8137
Published: 2021

4. Global Root Traits (GRooT) Database

Author: Jens Kattge, Joseph M. Craine, Lawren Sack, Jasper van Ruijven, Koen Kramer, Franciska T. de Vries, Christopher J. Sweeney, Juli G. Pausas, Catherine Roumet, Josep Peñuelas, Peter M. van Bodegom, Marney E. Isaac, Ina C. Meier, Grégoire T. Freschet, Liesje Mommer, Christian Ammer, Helge Bruelheide, Peter B. Reich, Fons van der Plas, Johannes H. C. Cornelissen, Colleen M. Iversen, Fernando Valladares, Marina Semchenko, Peter Manning, Larry M. York, Vanessa Minden, Nathaly R. Guerrero-Ramírez, Bill Shipley, Thomas W. Kuyper, Vladimir G. Onipchenko, Isabelle Aubin, Oscar J. Valverde-Barrantes, Daniel C. Laughlin, Hendrik Poorter, Eric G. Lamb, Justin P. Wright, M. Luke McCormack, Stuart W. Smith, Bradley J. Butterfield, Jane A. Catford, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Patrick Weigelt, Rubén Milla, Christian König, Matthias C. Rillig, Alexandra Weigelt, Adam R. Martin, Leho Tedersoo, Joana Bergmann, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Oak Ridge National Laboratory [Oak Ridge] (ORNL), UT-Battelle, LLC, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Leipzig University, Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Oklahoma State University [Stillwater], Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, University of Wyoming (UW), Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, Georg August University of Goettingen, Buesgenweg 2, 37077, Goettingen, Germany, Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier 3 - Faculté des Sciences humaines et des sciences de l'environnement ( UPVM UM3 UFR3), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM), University of Manchester [Manchester], Florida International University [Miami] (FIU), Canadian Forest Service - CFS (CANADA), King‘s College London, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main-Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Department of Computer Science [University of Toronto] (DCS), University of Toronto, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos [Madrid] (URJC), University of Oldenburg, Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificacion (CIDE), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Leiden University, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Jonah Ventures, Boulder, CO, USA, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), University of Toronto [Scarborough, Canada], Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CEAB-UAB, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Catalonia, Spain, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment [Richmond] (HIE), Western Sydney University, University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California, Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), University of Tartu, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales [Madrid] (MNCN), Duke University [Durham], Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Oklahoma State University [Stillwater] (OSU), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Universiteit Leiden, University of Toronto at Scarborough, Humboldt University Of Berlin, University of California (UC), Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Ecosystem and Landscape Dynamics (IBED, FNWI), Systems Ecology, Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de Recherche Agrobiosciences, Interactions et Biodiversité (FR AIB), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Root (linguistics), Biome, Subspecies, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Field (computer science), ddc:550, publicly‐available database, 2. Zero hunger, Global and Planetary Change, Database, Ecology, Soil Biology, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, PE&RC, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], 550 Geowissenschaften, Level of measurement, Technologie and Innovatie, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Trait, Knowledge Technology and Innovation, Plantenecologie en Natuurbeheer, Kennis, Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, Set (abstract data type), functional biogeography, publicly-available database, macroecological studies, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Bodembiologie, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, 15. Life on land, Taxon, Belowground ecology, root traits, Global Root Traits, Data quality, plant form and function, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Kennis, Technologie and Innovatie, computer, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: [Motivation]: Trait data are fundamental to the quantitative description of plant form and function. Although root traits capture key dimensions related to plant responses to changing environmental conditions and effects on ecosystem processes, they have rarely been included in large-scale comparative studies and global models. For instance, root traits remain absent from nearly all studies that define the global spectrum of plant form and function. Thus, to overcome conceptual and methodological roadblocks preventing a widespread integration of root trait data into large-scale analyses we created the Global Root Trait (GRooT) Database. GRooT provides ready to use data by combining the expertise of root ecologists with data mobilization and curation. Specifically, we (a) determined a set of core root traits relevant to the description of plant form and function based on an assessment by experts, (b) maximized species coverage through data standardization within and among traits, and (c) implemented data quality checks., [Main types of variables contained]: GRooT contains 114,222 trait records on 38 continuous root traits.Spatial location and grain: Global coverage with data from arid, continental, polar, temperate and tropical biomes. Data on root traits were derived from experimental studies and field studies., [Time period and grain]: Data were recorded between 1911 and 2019., [Major taxa and level of measurement]: GRooT includes root trait data for which taxonomic information is available. Trait records vary in their taxonomic resolution, with subspecies or varieties being the highest and genera the lowest taxonomic resolution available. It contains information for 184 subspecies or varieties, 6,214 species, 1,967 genera and 254 families. Owing to variation in data sources, trait records in the database include both individual observations and mean values., [Software format]: GRooT includes two csv files. A GitHub repository contains the csv files and a script in R to query the database., The study has been supported by the TRY initiative on plant traits (http://www.try-db.org). The TRY initiative and database are hosted, developed and maintained at the Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany. TRY is currently supported by DIVERSITAS/Future Earth and the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig. Open access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.
Published: 2020

5. Assessing the reliability of predicted plant trait distributions at the global scale

Author: Vladimir G. Onipchenko, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Wilfried Thuiller, Ana Benítez-López, Bruno Enrico Leone Cerabolini, Coline C.F. Boonman, Mark A. J. Huijbregts, Luca Santini, Pedro Higuchi, Madhur Anand, Daniel C. Laughlin, Aafke M. Schipper, Lourens Poorter, Andrés González-Melo, Josep Peñuelas, Wesley N. Hattingh, Johannes H. C. Cornelissen, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and Systems Ecology
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, trait–environment relationships, Environmental change, Specific leaf area, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ensemble forecasting, environmental filtering, intraspecific trait variation, leaf nitrogen concentration, plant height, specific leaf area, trait model, wood density, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Trait-environment relationships, Statistics, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Reliability (statistics), 2. Zero hunger, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, Ensemble forecasting, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, fungi, food and beverages, Plant community, 15. Life on land, PE&RC, Research Papers, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Data quality, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Trait, Environmental science, Scale (map), Environmental Sciences, Research Paper
Abstract: Aim: Predictions of plant traits over space and time are increasingly used to improve our understanding of plant community responses to global environmental change. A necessary step forward is to assess the reliability of global trait predictions. In this study, we predict community mean plant traits at the global scale and present a systematic evaluation of their reliability in terms of the accuracy of the models, ecological realism and various sources of uncertainty. Location: Global. Time period: Present. Major taxa studied: Vascular plants. Methods: We predicted global distributions of community mean specific leaf area, leaf nitrogen concentration, plant height and wood density with an ensemble modelling approach based on georeferenced, locally measured trait data representative of the plant community. We assessed the predictive performance of the models, the plausibility of predicted trait combinations, the influence of data quality, and the uncertainty across geographical space attributed to spatial extrapolation and diverging model predictions. Results: Ensemble predictions of community mean plant height, specific leaf area and wood density resulted in ecologically plausible trait–environment relationships and trait–trait combinations. Leaf nitrogen concentration, however, could not be predicted reliably. The ensemble approach was better at predicting community trait means than any of the individual modelling techniques, which varied greatly in predictive performance and led to divergent predictions, mostly in African deserts and the Arctic, where predictions were also extrapolated. High data quality (i.e., including intraspecific variability and a representative species sample) increased model performance by 28%. Main conclusions: Plant community traits can be predicted reliably at the global scale when using an ensemble approach and high-quality data for traits that mostly respond to large-scale environmental factors. We recommend applying ensemble forecasting to account for model uncertainty, using representative trait data, and more routinely assessing the reliability of trait predictions. © 2020 The Authors. Global Ecology and Biogeography published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Published: 2020

6. Half of the world’s tree biodiversity is unprotected and is increasingly threatened by human activities

Author: Bruno Enrico Leone Cerabolini, Fons van der Plas, Anh Tuan Dang-Le, Tamir Klein, Steven Jansen, Alvaro G. Gutiérrez, Enio E. Sosinski, Jens-Christian Svenning, Maurizio Mencuccini, Aelton B. Giroldo, Josep M. Serra-Diaz, Vanessa Minden, Christopher H. Lusk, Jane A. Catford, Jingming Zheng, Nathan J. B. Kraft, Franziska Schrodt, Eduardo Chacón-Madrigal, Benjamin Komac, Yusuke Onoda, Adam R. Martin, Sean T. Michaletz, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Koen Kramer, Arildo S. Dias, Jan Pisek, Nelson Thiffault, Valério D. Pillar, Josep Peñuelas, Peter M. van Bodegom, Kun Guo, Brian J. Enquist, Bjorn J. M. Robroek, Martjin Slot, Wen-Yong Guo, Peter Hietz, Johannes H. C. Cornelissen, Ángel de Frutos, Nate Hough-Snee, Akira Mori, Cory Merow, Madhur Anand, Tianhua He, Ülo Niinemets, Brian S. Maitner, Daniela Ciccarelli, Renske E. Onstein, Jens Kattge, Wesley N. Hattingh, Brandon S. Schamp, Sandra Lavorel, Michaël Belluau, Cyrille Violle, Chaeho Byun, Wolf L. Eiserhardt, Ian J. Wright, Hans Henrik Bruun, and Wubing Xu
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Conservation planning, 0303 health sciences, Agroforestry, Biodiversity, 15. Life on land, Priority areas, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Tree diversity, 03 medical and health sciences, Geography, 13. Climate action, Threatened species, Ecosystem, Tree species, 030304 developmental biology, Global biodiversity
Abstract: Although trees are key to ecosystem functioning, many forests and tree species across the globe face strong threats. Preserving areas of high biodiversity is a core priority for conservation; however, different dimensions of biodiversity and varied conservation targets make it difficult to respond effectively to this challenge. Here, we (i) identify priority areas for global tree conservation using comprehensive coverage of tree diversity based on taxonomy, phylogeny, and functional traits; and (ii) compare these findings to existing protected areas and global biodiversity conservation frameworks. We find that ca. 51% of the top-priority areas for tree biodiversity are located in current protected areas. The remaining half top-priority areas are subject to moderate to high human pressures, indicating conservation actions are needed to mitigate these human impacts. Our findings emphasize the effectiveness of using tree conservation priority areas for future global conservation planning.
Published: 2020

7. Global plant trait relationships extend to the climatic extremes of the tundra biome

Author: Stef Weijers, Jacob Nabe-Nielsen, William K. Cornwell, Francesca Jaroszynska, Oriol Grau, Daan Blok, Peter Manning, Allan Buras, Tage Vowles, Ann Milbau, Peter B. Reich, Luise Hermanutz, Bo Elberling, Sabine B. Rumpf, Philip A. Wookey, Martin Hallinger, Esther Lévesque, Damien Georges, Bruce C. Forbes, Sigrid Schøler Nielsen, Maitane Iturrate-Garcia, Janet S. Prevéy, Walton A. Green, Josep Peñuelas, Peter Poschlod, F. S. Chapin, Giandiego Campetella, Wim A. Ozinga, Haydn J.D. Thomas, Michele Carbognani, F. T. de Vries, Colleen M. Iversen, Monique M. P. D. Heijmans, Ken D. Tape, Isla H. Myers-Smith, Heather D. Alexander, Josep M. Ninot, Agata Buchwal, Jens Kattge, P.M. van Bodegom, Anu Eskelinen, S. N. Sheremetiev, Nadja Rüger, Vladimir G. Onipchenko, Michael Kleyer, Chelsea J. Little, Trevor C. Lantz, Maxime Tremblay, Sandra Angers-Blondin, Matteo Dainese, Alessandro Petraglia, Robert D. Hollister, James M G Hudson, Katharine N. Suding, Urs A. Treier, Gabriela Schaepman-Strub, Karl Hülber, Brandon S. Schamp, Ülo Niinemets, Marko J. Spasojevic, Benjamin Bond-Lamberty, Marcello Tomaselli, Kevin C. Guay, Alba Anadon-Rosell, Elina Kaarlejärvi, Johannes H. C. Cornelissen, Sarah C. Elmendorf, Michael Bahn, Johan Olofsson, Benjamin Blonder, Anders Michelsen, Sonja Wipf, Jill F. Johnstone, Brody Sandel, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Katherine S. Christie, S. F. Oberbauer, Scott J. Goetz, Rohan Shetti, Joseph M. Craine, Elisabeth J. Cooper, M. te Beest, Gregory H. R. Henry, Yusuke Onoda, Tara Zamin, Mark Vellend, Logan T. Berner, Anne D. Bjorkman, Bruno Enrico Leone Cerabolini, Signe Normand, Pieter S. A. Beck, Robert G. Björk, Christian Rixen, Andrew J. Trant, Juha M. Alatalo, Martin Wilmking, Esther R. Frei, James D. M. Speed, Steven Jansen, Laura Siegwart Collier, Laurent J. Lamarque, Sandra Díaz, Susanna Venn, Aino Kulonen, Paul Grogan, Systems Ecology, Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Spatial Ecology and Global Change, Environmental Sciences, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Research Centre for Ecological Change, and Ecosystem and Landscape Dynamics (IBED, FNWI)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Climate, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Biome, General Physics and Astronomy, Efecte del clima sobre les plantes, 01 natural sciences, Klimatforskning, INTRASPECIFIC VARIABILITY, WIDE-RANGE, SDG 13 - Climate Action, VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Plantegeografi: 496, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Global environmental change, lcsh:Science, Plant ecology, Macroecology, 2. Zero hunger, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, food and beverages, Plants, Biogeography, FOLIAR NITROGEN ISOTOPES, 1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, COMMUNITY-LEVEL, Trait, Plantenecologie en Natuurbeheer, Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, LEAF ECONOMICS SPECTRUM, Theoretical ecology, WOODY-PLANTS, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, General Chemistry, Climate Research, Science, Plant Development, Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, Article, LITTER DECOMPOSITION, Life Science, Tundra, Ecosystem, 1172 Environmental sciences, Vegetatie, Vegetation and climate, WIMEK, Vegetation, Ecologia vegetal, Global warming, Botany, Plant community, VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Plant geography: 496, Interspecific competition, Botanik, 15. Life on land, FUNCTIONAL TRAITS, Canvi mediambiental global, lcsh:Q, Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology, ELEVATED CO2, RELATIVE GROWTH-RATE, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: The majority of variation in six traits critical to the growth, survival and reproduction of plant species is thought to be organised along just two dimensions, corresponding to strategies of plant size and resource acquisition. However, it is unknown whether global plant trait relationships extend to climatic extremes, and if these interspecific relationships are confounded by trait variation within species. We test whether trait relationships extend to the cold extremes of life on Earth using the largest database of tundra plant traits yet compiled. We show that tundra plants demonstrate remarkably similar resource economic traits, but not size traits, compared to global distributions, and exhibit the same two dimensions of trait variation. Three quarters of trait variation occurs among species, mirroring global estimates of interspecific trait variation. Plant trait relationships are thus generalizable to the edge of global trait-space, informing prediction of plant community change in a warming world., It is unclear whether plant trait relationships found at the global scale extend to climatic extremes. Here the authors analyse six major aboveground traits to show that known plant trait relationships extend to the tundra biomes and exhibit the same two dimensions of variation detected at the global scale.
Published: 2020

8. Does the leaf economic spectrum hold within plant functional types? A Bayesian multivariate trait meta-analysis

Author: Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Yusuke Onoda, Vanessa Minden, E. Cowdery, Michael Bahn, Chaeho Byun, Alexey N. Shiklomanov, Ülo Niinemets, Michael Dietze, Steven Jansen, and Koen Kramer
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Multivariate statistics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Specific leaf area, Biome, Bayesian probability, leaf biochemistry, leaf morphology, Biology, Bayesian inference, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Filosofie, Correlation, Statistics, trait variation, Imputation (statistics), Photosynthesis, functional trade-off, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Univariate, Bayes Theorem, 15. Life on land, Covariance, Plants, Constraint (information theory), Plant Leaves, Philosophy, Technologie and Innovatie, Multivariate Analysis, Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Knowledge Technology and Innovation, Trait, ecological modeling, Kennis, hierarchical modeling, Kennis, Technologie and Innovatie
Abstract: The leaf economic spectrum is a widely studied axis of plant trait variability that defines a trade-off between leaf longevity and productivity. While this has been investigated at the global scale, where it is robust, and at local scales, where deviations from it are common, it has received less attention at the intermediate scale of plant functional types (PFTs). We investigated whether global leaf economic relationships are also present within the scale of plant functional types (PFTs) commonly used by Earth System models, and the extent to which this global-PFT hierarchy can be used to constrain trait estimates. We developed a hierarchical multivariate Bayesian model that assumes separate means and covariance structures within and across PFTs and fit this model to seven leaf traits from the TRY database related to leaf longevity, morphology, biochemistry, and photosynthetic metabolism. Although patterns of trait covariation were generally consistent with the leaf economic spectrum, we found three approximate tiers to this consistency. Relationships among morphological and biochemical traits (specific leaf area [SLA], N, P) were the most robust within and across PFTs, suggesting that covariation in these traits is driven by universal leaf construction trade-offs and stoichiometry. Relationships among metabolic traits (dark respiration [R-d], maximum RuBisCo carboxylation rate [V-c,V-max], maximum electron transport rate [J(max)]) were slightly less consistent, reflecting in part their much sparser sampling (especially for high-latitude PFTs), but also pointing to more flexible plasticity in plant metabolistm. Finally, relationships involving leaf lifespan were the least consistent, indicating that leaf economic relationships related to leaf lifespan are dominated by across-PFT differences and that within-PFT variation in leaf lifespan is more complex and idiosyncratic. Across all traits, this covariance was an important source of information, as evidenced by the improved imputation accuracy and reduced predictive uncertainty in multivariate models compared to univariate models. Ultimately, our study reaffirms the value of studying not just individual traits but the multivariate trait space and the utility of hierarchical modeling for studying the scale dependence of trait relationships.
Published: 2019

9. Robustness of trait connections across environmental gradients and growth forms

Author: Owen K. Atkin, Rhiannon L. Dalrymple, J. Hans C. Cornelissen, Farideh Fazayeli, Vladimir G. Onipchenko, Chaeho Byun, Andrés González-Melo, Ülo Niinemets, Habacuc Flores-Moreno, Ming Chen, Kirk R. Wythers, Madhur Anand, Ethan E. Butler, Joseph M. Craine, Jens Kattge, Wesley N. Hattingh, Abhirup Datta, Vanessa Minden, Steven Jansen, Nathan J. B. Kraft, Arindam Banerjee, Peter B. Reich, Josep Peñuelas, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Michael Bahn, Daniel C. Laughlin, Koen Kramer, Systems Ecology, and Biology
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, leaf traits, Specific leaf area, plant strategy integration, seed traits, Leaf morphology, trait networks, Competition (ecology), Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Functional response, Resource Acquisition Is Initialization, Temperate climate, Environmental gradient, Growth form, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 2. Zero hunger, Global and Planetary Change, plant functional traits, Ecology, Seed, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Reproductive strategy, fungi, Robustness (evolution), food and beverages, 15. Life on land, Arid, stem traits, Technologie and Innovatie, Trait, Knowledge Technology and Innovation, Kennis, Embryophyta, Kennis, Technologie and Innovatie, Biological network, trait interdependence
Abstract: Aim: Plant trait databases often contain traits that are correlated, but for whom direct (undirected statistical dependency) and indirect (mediated by other traits) connections may be confounded. The confounding of correlation and connection hinders our understanding of plant strategies, and how these vary among growth forms and climate zones. We identified the direct and indirect connections across plant traits relevant to competition, resource acquisition and reproductive strategies using a global database and explored whether connections within and between traits from different tissue types vary across climates and growth forms. Location: Global. Major taxa studied: Plants. Time period: Present. Methods: We used probabilistic graphical models and a database of 10 plant traits (leaf area, specific leaf area, mass- and area-based leaf nitrogen and phosphorous content, leaf life span, plant height, stem specific density and seed mass) with 16,281 records to describe direct and indirect connections across woody and non-woody plants across tropical, temperate, arid, cold and polar regions. Results: Trait networks based on direct connections are sparser than those based on correlations. Land plants had high connectivity across traits within and between tissue types; leaf life span and stem specific density shared direct connections with all other traits. For both growth forms, two groups of traits form modules of more highly connected traits; one related to resource acquisition, the other to plant architecture and reproduction. Woody species had higher trait network modularity in polar compared to temperate and tropical climates, while non-woody species did not show significant differences in modularity across climate regions. Main conclusions: Plant traits are highly connected both within and across tissue types, yet traits segregate into persistent modules of traits. Variation in the modularity of trait networks suggests that trait connectivity is shaped by prevailing environmental conditions and demonstrates that plants of different growth forms use alternative strategies to cope with local conditions. © 2019 John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Published: 2019

10. Global mycorrhizal plant distribution linked to terrestrial carbon stocks

Author: Maarten van 't Zelfde, Ian McCallum, Peter M. van Bodegom, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Leho Tedersoo, Cesar Terrer Moreno, Mark Brundrett, M. Luke McCormack, Nuno César de Sá, and Joshua B. Fisher
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Biogeochemical cycle, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Science, Ecosystem ecology, Biome, Geographic Mapping, General Physics and Astronomy, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Carbon cycle, Soil, Mycorrhizae, Ecosystem, Biomass, Mycorrhiza, lcsh:Science, Subsoil, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Biomass (ecology), Topsoil, Multidisciplinary, biology, Ecology, Biogeochemistry, General Chemistry, Vegetation, Plants, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Carbon, Biogeography, Environmental science, lcsh:Q, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Vegetation impacts on ecosystem functioning are mediated by mycorrhizas, plant–fungal associations formed by most plant species. Ecosystems dominated by distinct mycorrhizal types differ strongly in their biogeochemistry. Quantitative analyses of mycorrhizal impacts on ecosystem functioning are hindered by the scarcity of information on mycorrhizal distributions. Here we present global, high-resolution maps of vegetation biomass distribution by dominant mycorrhizal associations. Arbuscular, ectomycorrhizal, and ericoid mycorrhizal vegetation store, respectively, 241 ± 15, 100 ± 17, and 7 ± 1.8 GT carbon in aboveground biomass, whereas non-mycorrhizal vegetation stores 29 ± 5.5 GT carbon. Soil carbon stocks in both topsoil and subsoil are positively related to the community-level biomass fraction of ectomycorrhizal plants, though the strength of this relationship varies across biomes. We show that human-induced transformations of Earth’s ecosystems have reduced ectomycorrhizal vegetation, with potential ramifications to terrestrial carbon stocks. Our work provides a benchmark for spatially explicit and globally quantitative assessments of mycorrhizal impacts on ecosystem functioning and biogeochemical cycling., Mycorrhizas—mutualistic relationships formed between fungi and most plant species—are functionally linked to soil carbon stocks. Here the authors map the global distribution of mycorrhizal plants and quantify links between mycorrhizal vegetation patterns and terrestrial carbon stocks.
Published: 2019

11. Global change effects on plant communities are magnified by time and the number of global change factors imposed

Author: Kevin R. Wilcox, John M. Blair, Juha M. Alatalo, Anu Eskelinen, Tony J. Svejcar, Annika K. Jägerbrand, Laura Yahdjian, David Samuel Johnson, Lara Souza, J. Patrick Megonigal, Lauren M. Hallett, Peter B. Reich, R. Travis Belote, Scott L. Collins, Juliette M. G. Bloor, Christel C. Kern, Andrew Baldwin, Yiqi Luo, Patrick J. Bohlen, Katherine N. Suding, Rien Aerts, Qiang Yu, Roy Turkington, Emily Grman, K. Blake Suttle, Mark J. Hovenden, Melinda D. Smith, Wei Li, Steven C. Pennings, Laura Gough, Bryan L. Foster, Carl Beierkuhnlein, John W. Morgan, Pedro M. Tognetti, Jodi N. Price, John P. Anderson, James F. Cahill, Guozhen Du, Shannon R. White, Forest Isbell, Rebecca L. McCulley, Osvaldo E. Sala, Kimberly J. Komatsu, Meghan L. Avolio, Xingguo Han, J. Hans C. Cornelissen, Edward W. Bork, Zhuwen Xu, Janet S. Prevéy, Jimin Cheng, David Tilman, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Yunhai Zhang, Elizabeth H. Boughton, Gregory R. Houseman, Andrea J. Britton, Sara G. Baer, Jennifer Firn, Vladimir G. Onipchenko, Nathan P. Lemoine, Pengfei Zhang, William D. Bowman, Anke Jentsch, Harry Harmens, Enrique J. Chaneton, Alan K. Knapp, Juergen Kreyling, Katherine L. Gross, Jennie R. McLaren, Sally E. Koerner, Eric W. Seabloom, F. Leland Russell, Kari Klanderud, Nona R. Chiariello, Clare H. Robinson, Jonathan D. Bates, Systems Ecology, Amsterdam Sustainability Institute, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, expériences sur le changement planétaire, Climate Change, plante herbacée, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, HERBACEOUS PLANTS, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Global change experiments, Ecology and Environment, COMMUNITY COMPOSITION, SDG 13 - Climate Action, Humans, Community composition, Human Activities, Ecosystem, richesse des espèces, 2. Zero hunger, GLOBAL CHANGE EXPERIMENTS, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, SPECIES RICHNESS, Botany, Community structure, Bayes Theorem, Global change, Plant community, Biodiversity, Biological Sciences, Plants, 15. Life on land, 13. Climate action, Herbaceous plants, Species richness, composition des communautés, plantes herbacées, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Fil: Komatsu, Kimberly J. Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater. United States. Fil: Avolio, Meghan L. Johns Hopkins University. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences. Baltimore, United States. Fil: Lemoine, Nathan P. Marquette University. Department of Biological Sciences. Milwaukee, United States. Fil: Chaneton, Enrique José. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA). Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fil: Chaneton, Enrique José. CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA). Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fil: Tognetti, Pedro Maximiliano.Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA). Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fil: Tognetti, Pedro Maximiliano.CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA). Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fil: Yahdjian, María Laura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA). Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fil: Yahdjian, María Laura. CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA). Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fil: Isbell, Forest. University of Minnesota. Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior. Saint Paul, United States. Fil: Grman, Emily. Eastern Michigan University. Department of Biology. Ypsilanti, United States. Global change drivers (GCDs) are expected to alter community structure and consequently, the services that ecosystems provide. Yet, few experimental investigations have examined effects of CDs on plant community structure across multiple ecosystem types, and those that do exist present conflicting patterns. In an unprecedented global synthesis of over 100 experiments that manipulated factors linked to GCDs, we show that herbaceous plant community responses depend on experimental manipulation length and number of factors manipulated. We found that plant communities are fairly resistant to experimentally manipulated GCDs in the short term ( minor to 10 y). In contrast, long-term (major or equal to 10 y) experiments show increasing community divergence of treatments from control conditions. Surprisingly, these community responses occurred with similar frequency across the GCD types manipulated in our database. However, community responses were more common when 3 or more GCDs were simultaneously manipulated, suggesting the emergence of additive or synergistic effects of multiple drivers, particularly over long time periods. In half of the cases, GCD manipulations caused a difference in community composition without a corresponding species richness difference, indicating that species reordering or replacement is an important mechanism of community responses to GCDs and should be given greater consideration when examining consequences of GCDs for the biodiversity–ecosystem function relationship. Human activities are currently driving unparalleled global changes worldwide. Our analyses provide the most comprehensive evidence to date that these human activities may have widespread impacts on plant community composition globally, which will increase in frequency over time and be greater in areas where communities face multiple GCDs simultaneously. tbls., grafs.
Published: 2019

12. The functional trait spectrum of European temperate grasslands

Author: Bernard Amiaud, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Helge Bruelheide, Costantino Bonomi, Bruno Enrico Leone Cerabolini, Maria Tudela‐Isanta, Pietro P. M. Iannetta, Sabina Burrascano, Jitka Klimešová, Kinga Öllerer, Joseph M. Craine, Vladimir G. Onipchenko, Emma Ladouceur, Andrea Mondoni, Frédérique Louault, Borja Jiménez-Alfaro, Peter Poschlod, Vanessa Minden, Johannes H. C. Cornelissen, Ladouceur, Emma, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Museo delle Scienze, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome], Department of Ecology and Conservation Biology, University of Regensburg, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Ecological Sciences, James Hutton Institute (JHI), Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, Università degli Studi dell' Insubria, Department of Ecological Science [Amsterdam], Vrije Universiteit [Brussels] (VUB), Jonah Ventures, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), University of Oldenburg, Institute of Biology Bucharest, Romanian Academy, Moscow State University, Leiden University, Universidad de Oviedo, European Union (EU) 607785, Systems Ecology, Biology, European Commission, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), The James Hutton Institute, and Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, regeneration niche, caractère fonctionnel, seed traits, Biodiversité et Ecologie, clonality, Plant Science, Biology, Generalist and specialist species, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, species pool, Grassland, Biodiversity and Ecology, specialist species, Altitude, functional traits, germination, grasslands, trait spectrum, clonalité, Regeneration (ecology), SDG 15 - Life on Land, 2. Zero hunger, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, caractères fonctionnels, prairie, niche de régénération, bassin d'espèces, spectre des caractères, Ecology, grasslands regeneration, clonalite, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, niche, Habitat, Disturbance (ecology), Trait, Ordination, grassland, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Questions: What is the functional trait variation of European temperate grasslands and how does this reflect global patterns of plant form and function? Do habitat specialists show trait differentiation across habitat types?. Location: Europe. Methods: We compiled 18 regeneration and non-regeneration traits for a continental species pool consisting of 645 species frequent in five grassland types. These grassland types are widely distributed in Europe but differentiated by altitude, soil bedrock and traditional long-term management and disturbance regimes. We evaluated the multivariate trait space of this entire species pool and compared multi-trait variation and mean trait values of habitat specialists grouped by grassland type. Results: The first dimension of the trait space accounted for 23% of variation and reflected a gradient between fast-growing and slow-growing plants. Plant height and SLA contributed to both the first and second ordination axes. Regeneration traits mainly contributed to the second and following dimensions to explain 56% of variation across the first five axes. Habitat specialists showed functional differences between grassland types mainly through non-regeneration traits. Conclusions: The trait spectrum of plants dominating European temperate grasslands is primarily explained by growth strategies which are analogous to the trait variation observed at the global scale, and secondly by regeneration strategies. Functional differentiation of habitat specialists across grassland types is mainly related to environmental filtering linked with altitude and disturbance. This filtering pattern is mainly observed in non-regeneration traits, while most regeneration traits demonstrate multiple strategies within the same habitat type., EL, BJA, MTI, AM, PI and CB acknowledge the research leading to these results has received funding from the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007–2013 under REA grant agreement no. 607785, as a part of the NAtive Seed Science TEchnology and Conservation (NASSTEC) Initial Training Network (ITN). BJA was further funded by the Marie Curie Clarín‐COFUND program of the Principality of Asturias and the European Union (ACB17‐26). BJA and HB acknowledge support from the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle–Jena–Leipzig funded by the German Research Foundation (DFTG FZT 118) through the sPlot research platform. PI acknowledges support from the Rural & Environment Science & Analytical Services Division of the Scottish Government. KÖ thanks RO1567‐IBB03/2018 for financial support.
Published: 2019

13. Global distribution patterns of mycoheterotrophy

Author: Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Sofia I. F. Gomes, Peter M. van Bodegom, and Vincent S. F. T. Merckx
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, fungi, food and beverages, Edaphic, Evergreen, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Arbuscular mycorrhiza, Ectomycorrhiza, Deciduous, Habitat, Abundance (ecology), Vegetation type, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: AIM: Mycoheterotrophy is a mode of life where plants cheat the mycorrhizal symbiosis, receiving carbon via their fungal partners. Despite being widespread, mycoheterotrophic plants are locally rare, hampering the understanding of their global environmental drivers. Here, we explore global environmental preferences of mycoheterotrophy, and investigate environmental drivers of differential habitat preferences of mycoheterotrophic plants associated with arbuscular (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi. LOCATION: Global. TIME PERIOD: Current. MAJOR TAXA STUDIED: Mycoheterotrophic flowering plants. METHODS: We compiled the largest global dataset of epiparasitic mycoheterotrophic plant species occurrences and examined which environmental factors, including soil type, climate, vegetation type and distribution patterns of mycorrhizal autotrophic plants, relate to occurrence patterns of mycoheterotrophic plant species associated with AM and EM fungi. RESULTS: Mycoheterotrophic plant species avoid cold and highly seasonal climates and show a strong preference for forests. AM‐associated mycoheterotrophs are predominantly found in broadleaved tropical evergreen forests whereas EM‐associated mycoheterotrophs occur in temperate regions, mostly in broadleaved deciduous and evergreen needleleaved forests. The abundance of AM and EM autotrophic plants was a weaker predictor for mycoheterotrophs occurrences than forest type. Temperature and precipitation variables – but not edaphic factors – were the best predictors explaining the distribution patterns of mycoheterotrophs after accounting for the effects of forest type. For individual lineages, major differences in environmental preferences (often related to edaphic factors) occurred that were significantly associated with plant evolutionary relationships, indicating that these cheater plants have limited adaptive capabilities. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: The strong global geographical segregation of AM and EM mycoheterotrophs does not reflect the abundance of their potential autotrophic hosts, but seems to be driven by differential climate and habitat preferences. Our results highlight the non‐trivial nature of mycorrhizal interactions, and indicate that identity of the partners is not enough to understand the underlying mechanisms promoting plant–fungal interactions in mycoheterotrophic plants.
Published: 2019

14. Belowground Biodiversity Relates Positively to Ecosystem Services of European Forests

Author: Hojka Kraigher, Mark R. Bakker, Jurga Motiejūnaitė, Douglas L. Godbold, Monique Carnol, Ina C. Meier, Tanja Mrak, Ivano Brunner, Thomas Bolger, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Brynhildur Bjarnadottir, Ivika Ostonen, Taina Pennanen, Lise Dalsgaard, Francis Ashwood, Laura M. Suz, Elena Vanguelova, Ülle Püttsepp, Luis Merino-Martín, Edda Sigurdís Oddsdóttir, Isabella Børja, Pavel Cudlín, Lars Vesterdal, Amandine Erktan, Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro), Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Forest Research, Alice Holt Lodge, University of Akureyri, School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), Norsk institutt for bioøkonomi=Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Université de Liège, Global Change Research Centre (CzechGlobe), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien = University of Natural Resources and Life [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), Slovenian Forestry Institute, Nature Research Centre, Forest Research, University of Tartu, Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology, Royal Botanic Gardens, Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management [Copenhagen] (IGN), Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Universiteit Leiden, ANR-10-LABX-0011,Entreprendre,Entrepreneurship(2010), Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Global Change Research Institute CAS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Universität für Bodenkultur, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), and Leiden University
Subjects: kulturne storitve, funkcije gozdov, 0106 biological sciences, Supporting services, Evropa, Soil biodiversity, Soil biology, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], kulturne storitve, funkcije gozdov, podzemna biodiverziteta, Evropa, gozdovi, Biodiversity, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, Unit (housing), provisioning services, Provisioning services, Ecosystem, udc:630*1, Nature and Landscape Conservation, media_common, Regulating services, udc:630*18+630*9, Global and Planetary Change, gozdovi, Ecology, Agroforestry, VDP::Landbruks- og Fiskerifag: 900, Belowground biodiversity, Forestry, Provisioning, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, regulating services, 15. Life on land, cultural services, supporting services, Cultural services, Geography, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, podzemna biodiverziteta, cultural services, provisioning services, regulating services, supporting services, belowground biodiversity, European forests, belowground biodiversity, Diversity (politics), European forests
Abstract: International audience; Biodiversity of ecosystems is an important driver for the supply of ecosystem services to people. Soils often have a larger biodiversity per unit surface area than what can be observed aboveground. Here, we present what is to our knowledge, the most extensive literature-based key-word assessment of the existing information about the relationships between belowground biodiversity and ecosystem services in European forests. The belowground diversity of plant roots, fungi, prokaryota, soil fauna, and protists was evaluated in relation to the supply of Provisioning, Regulating, Cultural, and Supporting Services. The soil biota were divided into 14 subgroups and the ecosystem services into 37 separate services. Out of the 518 possible combinations of biotic groups and ecosystem services, no published study was found for 374 combinations (72%). Of the remaining 144 combinations (28%) where relationships were found, the large majority (87%) showed a positive relationship between biodiversity of a belowground biotic group and an associated ecosystem service. However, for the majority of the combinations (102) there were only three or fewer studies. The percentage of cases for which a relationship was detected varied strongly between ecosystem service categories with 23% for Provisioning, 8% for Regulating, 40% for Cultural, and 48% for Supporting Services. We conclude that (1) soil biodiversity is generally positively related to ecosystem services in European forests; (2) the links between soil biodiversity and Cultural or Supporting services are better documented than those relating to Provisioning and Regulating services; (3) there is a huge knowledge gap for most possible combinations of soil biota and ecosystem services regarding how a more biodiverse soil biota is associated with a given ecosystem service. Given the drastically increasing societal demand for knowledge of the role of biodiversity in the functioning of ecosystems and the supply of ecosystem services, we strongly encourage the scientific community to conduct well-designed studies incorporating the belowground diversity and the functions and services associated with this diversity.
Published: 2019

15. BioTIME: A database of biodiversity time series for the Anthropocene

Author: Grace E. Frank, Alecia Bellgrove, Flaviana Maluf Souza, Fakhrizal Setiawan, Vladimir G. Onipchenko, Miguel Barbosa, J. Emmett Duffy, Robert A. Davis, Giselda Durigan, Jan Vanaverbeke, Ricardo Rocha, Ana Paula Savassi-Coutinho, Francis Neat, Emily H. Stanley, Erkki Pulliainen, Vinicius Castro Souza, Stephen F. Newton, N. A. Mil'chakova, Annika Hofgaard, James A. Nelson, Elisabeth J. Cooper, Lisandro Benedetti-Cecchi, Sonja Wipf, Anders Enemar, Gabriel Barros Gonçalves de Souza, Claire Laguionie-Marchais, Dušan Adam, Robert N. L. Fitt, Christopher P. Bloch, Claus Bässler, Gediminas Vaitkus, Magdalena Błażewicz, Robert R. Twilley, Richard Condit, B.R. Ramesh, Chaolun Allen Chen, Grace E. P. Murphy, Kevin P. Robinson, Gal Badihi, Lars G. Rudstam, J. Jonathan Moore, David M. Paterson, Sarah R. Supp, Claire E. Widdicombe, Suzanne M. Remillard, Hans M. Verheye, Jill F. Johnstone, Claire H. Davies, Shane A. Blowes, Mark E. Harmon, Rick D. Stuart-Smith, Andrew J. Brooks, Gert Van Hoey, José Eduardo Rebelo, Anna Maria Fosaa, Tim S. Doherty, Jasper A. Slingsby, Francesco Pomati, Raphaël Pélissier, Ward Appeltans, José Manuel Arcos, Phaedra Budy, Victor H. Rivera-Monroy, Maria Teresa Zugliani Toniato, Anthony J. Richardson, Luiz Fernando Loureiro Fernandes, Christopher D. Stallings, Rowan Stanforth, David J. Kushner, A. A. Akhmetzhanova, Geraldo Antônio Daher Corrêa Franco, Alessandra Fidelis, Elizabeth Gorgone-Barbosa, Dave Watts, S.A. Tarigan, Timothy C. Bonebrake, Kent P. McFarland, Jonathan Belmaker, Shahar Malamud, Kamil Král, John D. Lloyd, Diane M. McKnight, Alessandra Rocha Kortz, Luise Hermanutz, Tore Johannessen, N. Ayyappan, Brian J. Bett, Haley Arnold, Fernando Rodrigues da Silva, Peter L. Meserve, Francisco Lloret, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Michael R. Willig, Linda A. Kuhnz, Esther Lévesque, Kwang-Tsao Shao, Sofía Sal, Robert D. Hollister, Andrew Rassweiler, Christoph F. J. Meyer, Jeffrey C. Oliver, Isla H. Myers-Smith, Graham J. Edgar, Jacek Siciński, Beatriz Salgado, Fábio Venturoli, Matt Bradford, Borgþór Magnússon, Edward Castañeda-Moya, Anne D. Bjorkman, Eric Post, Alain Paquette, Or Givan, Jonathan S. Lefcheck, Falk Huettmann, Fábio Lang da Silveira, Roberto Cazzolla Gatti, Thomas J. Valone, Sarah C. Elmendorf, Sinta Pardede, Esben Moland Olsen, Laura Siegwart Collier, Flavio Antonio Maës dos Santos, Andrew H. Baird, Cheol Min Lee, Robert B. Waide, Olivia Mendivil Ramos, David C. Lightfoot, Stefan B. Williams, Ute Jandt, David Janík, Stephen S. Hale, Robin Elahi, Andrew L. Rypel, S. K. Morgan Ernest, Jörg Müller, Gaius R. Shaver, Anna Jażdżewska, José Mauro Sterza, Maarten Stevens, Denise de Cerqueira Rossa-Feres, Dor Edelist, Martha Isabel Vallejo, Michael Paul Nelson, Conor Waldock, Ricardo Ribeiro Rodrigues, Sally Sherman, Dustin J. Wilgers, Sharon K. Collinge, Kristen T. Holeck, Josep Peñuelas, Douglas A. Kelt, Tiago Egydio Barreto, Faye Moyes, Robert L. Schooley, Peter B. Reich, Jason Meador, Anders Michelsen, J. Paul Richardson, Sara J. Snell, Julio R. Gutiérrez, Chih-hao Hsieh, Gary D. Grossman, Hernando García, Ana Carolina da Silva, Kyle J. A. Zawada, Richard T. Holmes, John C. Priscu, Christine L. Huffard, Christian Rixen, William O. McLarney, Julia A. Jones, Anne Tolvanen, William A. Gould, Maite Louzao, Alejandro Pérez-Matus, Donald L. Henshaw, Kathleen L. Prudic, Herbert H. T. Prins, Helge Bruelheide, Catalina S. Ruz, Rui P. Vieira, Gary P. Thiede, Erin C. Keeley, James H. Brown, William R. Fraser, Pieter Provoost, Andrew S. Hoey, Robert J. Pabst, Kerry D. Woods, Fabiano Turini Farah, Nancy B. Rybicki, Sara E. Scanga, Trevor J. Willis, Daniel J. Metcalfe, Mark Williamson, Joshua S. Madin, Tasrif Kartawijaya, Brian J. McGill, Erica M. Sampaio, Shannan K. Crow, Stephen P. Hubbell, Jochen Schmidt, Daniel C. Reed, Steven Degraer, Laura H. Antão, Krzysztof Pabis, Christopher C. Koenig, Fernando Carvalho, Marcelo Vianna, Anne E. Magurran, Marc Estiarte, Rebecca Kinnear, Tracey Smart, Lesley T. Lancaster, Frank P. Day, Natalia Norden, Unai Cotano, Fábio Z. Farneda, Nelson Valdivia, Corinna Gries, Tomasz Wesołowski, Pedro Higuchi, Jungwon Kang, Randall W. Myster, Itai van Rijn, Oscar Pizarro, Michael L. Zettler, Simon Thorn, Thomas W. Sherry, Timothy E. Dunn, Tung-Yung Fan, Susan Boyd, Adrià López-Baucells, Tomáš Vrška, Tory J. Chase, Ruben Escribano, R. Williams, Carolina Mathias Moreira, John F. Chamblee, Con Quang Vu, Halvor Knutsen, Amanda E. Bates, Maria Dornelas, Kari Klanderud, Jorge Yoshio Tamashiro, Tom Moens, Sara L. Webb, Iain Matthews, Carl Van Colen, Chao-Yang Kuo, Caya Sievers, Faith A. M. Jones, Gary Haskins, Eric J. Woehler, J. Hans C. Cornelissen, Allen H. Hurlbert, Mia O. Hoogenboom, Pamela Hidalgo, Henry A. Ruhl, Brian S. Evans, Ørjan Totland, Lien Van Vu, Yzel Rondon Súarez, Gabriella Damasceno, Even Moland, John Harte, Andrew Naumov, Ethan P. White, Natália Macedo Ivanauskas, Systems Ecology, International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange (IODE) of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO, Oostende, Safety science group, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE), Department of Biology [Pisa], University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, CSIRO Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle Wittenberg (MLU), Management Unit of the Mathematical Model of the North Sea, Royal Belgian Insitute of Natural Sciences, Floresta Estadual Assis, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CEAB-CSIC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Polar Oceans Research Group [USA], Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), EWHALE Laboratory of Biology and Wildlife Department, Institute of Arctic Biology-University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), Laboratory of Polar Biology and Oceanobiology, University of Lódź, Dept Ecol Evol Biol, Univ California SC (EEB-UCSC), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC), University of California-University of California, Département de chimie-biologie & Centre d’études nordiques [CANADA], Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Human Communication Technologies Research Laboratory (UBC), University of British Columbia (UBC), Instituto Espanol de Oceanografia, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Department of Biology [Copenhagen], Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Institute of Marine Research, Flødevigen Marine Research Station, Computer Laboratory [Cambridge], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Aarhus University [Aarhus], Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre for Forest Research (CFR), Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), The Centre for Applied Genomics, Toronto, University of Toronto-The Hospital for Sick Children-Department of Molecular Genetics-McLaughlin Centre, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centro de Investigación Oceanográfica en el Pacífico Sur Oriental (COPAS), Universidad de Concepción [Chile], Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System-Penn State System, Department of Biological Science [Tallahassee], Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities], University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Communication Systems Group [Zurich], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Academia Sinica, Facultad Ciencias del Mar, universidad catolica del Norte, Marine Biology Section, Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Department of Avian Ecology, Wrocław University, Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML), Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies [Horbat] (IMAS), University of Tasmania (UTAS), European Project: 610028,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-SyG,IMBALANCE-P(2014), Dornelas, Maria, University of St Andrews. School of Biology, University of St Andrews. Fish Behaviour and Biodiversity Research Group, University of St Andrews. Marine Alliance for Science & Technology Scotland, University of St Andrews. Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews. Institute of Behavioural and Neural Sciences, University of St Andrews. St Andrews Sustainability Institute, University of St Andrews. Centre for Research into Ecological & Environmental Modelling, University of St Andrews. Sediment Ecology Research Group, University of St Andrews. Centre for Higher Education Research, Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Tel Aviv University (TAU), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Flødevigen Research Station (IMR), Institute of Marine Research [Bergen] (IMR), University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), The Hospital for sick children [Toronto] (SickKids)-University of Toronto-Department of Molecular Genetics-McLaughlin Centre, Universidad de Concepción - University of Concepcion [Chile], University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), University of Wrocław [Poland] (UWr), Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies [Hobart] (IMAS), University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, University of Toronto-The Hospital for sick children [Toronto] (SickKids)-Department of Molecular Genetics-McLaughlin Centre, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Dornelas M., Antao L.H., Moyes F., Bates A.E., Magurran A.E., Adam D., Akhmetzhanova A.A., Appeltans W., Arcos J.M., Arnold H., Ayyappan N., Badihi G., Baird A.H., Barbosa M., Barreto T.E., Bassler C., Bellgrove A., Belmaker J., Benedetti-Cecchi L., Bett B.J., Bjorkman A.D., Blazewicz M., Blowes S.A., Bloch C.P., Bonebrake T.C., Boyd S., Bradford M., Brooks A.J., Brown J.H., Bruelheide H., Budy P., Carvalho F., Castaneda-Moya E., Chen C.A., Chamblee J.F., Chase T.J., Siegwart Collier L., Collinge S.K., Condit R., Cooper E.J., Cornelissen J.H.C., Cotano U., Kyle Crow S., Damasceno G., Davies C.H., Davis R.A., Day F.P., Degraer S., Doherty T.S., Dunn T.E., Durigan G., Duffy J.E., Edelist D., Edgar G.J., Elahi R., Elmendorf S.C., Enemar A., Ernest S.K.M., Escribano R., Estiarte M., Evans B.S., Fan T.-Y., Turini Farah F., Loureiro Fernandes L., Farneda F.Z., Fidelis A., Fitt R., Fosaa A.M., Daher Correa Franco G.A., Frank G.E., Fraser W.R., Garcia H., Cazzolla Gatti R., Givan O., Gorgone-Barbosa E., Gould W.A., Gries C., Grossman G.D., Gutierrez J.R., Hale S., Harmon M.E., Harte J., Haskins G., Henshaw D.L., Hermanutz L., Hidalgo P., Higuchi P., Hoey A., Van Hoey G., Hofgaard A., Holeck K., Hollister R.D., Holmes R., Hoogenboom M., Hsieh C.-H., Hubbell S.P., Huettmann F., Huffard C.L., Hurlbert A.H., Macedo Ivanauskas N., Janik D., Jandt U., Jazdzewska A., Johannessen T., Johnstone J., Jones J., Jones F.A.M., Kang J., Kartawijaya T., Keeley E.C., Kelt D.A., Kinnear R., Klanderud K., Knutsen H., Koenig C.C., Kortz A.R., Kral K., Kuhnz L.A., Kuo C.-Y., Kushner D.J., Laguionie-Marchais C., Lancaster L.T., Min Lee C., Lefcheck J.S., Levesque E., Lightfoot D., Lloret F., Lloyd J.D., Lopez-Baucells A., Louzao M., Madin J.S., Magnusson B., Malamud S., Matthews I., McFarland K.P., McGill B., McKnight D., McLarney W.O., Meador J., Meserve P.L., Metcalfe D.J., Meyer C.F.J., Michelsen A., Milchakova N., Moens T., Moland E., Moore J., Mathias Moreira C., Muller J., Murphy G., Myers-Smith I.H., Myster R.W., Naumov A., Neat F., Nelson J.A., Paul Nelson M., Newton S.F., Norden N., Oliver J.C., Olsen E.M., Onipchenko V.G., Pabis K., Pabst R.J., Paquette A., Pardede S., Paterson D.M., Pelissier R., Penuelas J., Perez-Matus A., Pizarro O., Pomati F., Post E., Prins H.H.T., Priscu J.C., Provoost P., Prudic K.L., Pulliainen E., Ramesh B.R., Mendivil Ramos O., Rassweiler A., Rebelo J.E., Reed D.C., Reich P.B., Remillard S.M., Richardson A.J., Richardson J.P., van Rijn I., Rocha R., Rivera-Monroy V.H., Rixen C., Robinson K.P., Ribeiro Rodrigues R., de Cerqueira Rossa-Feres D., Rudstam L., Ruhl H., Ruz C.S., Sampaio E.M., Rybicki N., Rypel A., Sal S., Salgado B., Santos F.A.M., Savassi-Coutinho A.P., Scanga S., Schmidt J., Schooley R., Setiawan F., Shao K.-T., Shaver G.R., Sherman S., Sherry T.W., Sicinski J., Sievers C., da Silva A.C., Rodrigues da Silva F., Silveira F.L., Slingsby J., Smart T., Snell S.J., Soudzilovskaia N.A., Souza G.B.G., Maluf Souza F., Castro Souza V., Stallings C.D., Stanforth R., Stanley E.H., Mauro Sterza J., Stevens M., Stuart-Smith R., Rondon Suarez Y., Supp S., Yoshio Tamashiro J., Tarigan S., Thiede G.P., Thorn S., Tolvanen A., Teresa Zugliani Toniato M., Totland O., Twilley R.R., Vaitkus G., Valdivia N., Vallejo M.I., Valone T.J., Van Colen C., Vanaverbeke J., Venturoli F., Verheye H.M., Vianna M., Vieira R.P., Vrska T., Quang Vu C., Van Vu L., Waide R.B., Waldock C., Watts D., Webb S., Wesolowski T., White E.P., Widdicombe C.E., Wilgers D., Williams R., Williams S.B., Williamson M., Willig M.R., Willis T.J., Wipf S., Woods K.D., Woehler E.J., Zawada K., Zettler M.L., The Wellcome Trust, European Research Council, and University of St Andrews. Centre for Biological Diversity
Subjects: Data Papers, 0106 biological sciences, Range (biology), QH301 Biology, temporal, NERC, Biodiversity, Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 [VDP], BIALOWIEZA NATIONAL-PARK, special, computer.software_genre, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 01 natural sciences, species richness, SDG 15 - Life on Land, biodiversity, Global and Planetary Change, B003-ecology, Database, Ecology, Sampling (statistics), SIMULATED HERBIVORY, supporting technologies, LAND-BRIDGE ISLANDS, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, PE&RC, global, PRIMEVAL TEMPERATE FOREST, Geography, POPULATION TRENDS, turnover, Data Paper, SECONDARY FOREST, Evolution, ESTUARINE COASTAL LAGOON, 010603 evolutionary biology, QH301, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Behavior and Systematics, Anthropocene, spatial, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480, species richne, 14. Life underwater, SDG 14 - Life Below Water, NE/L002531/1, ZA4450, Relative species abundance, ZA4450 Databases, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, RCUK, Biology and Life Sciences, DAS, 15. Life on land, DECIDUOUS FOREST, Taxon, Fish, 13. Climate action, MCP, Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, LONG-TERM CHANGE, Species richness, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, computer, BIRD COMMUNITY DYNAMICS, VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480
Abstract: Motivation The BioTIME database contains raw data on species identities and abundances in ecological assemblages through time. These data enable users to calculate temporal trends in biodiversity within and amongst assemblages using a broad range of metrics. BioTIME is being developed as a community-led open-source database of biodiversity time series. Our goal is to accelerate and facilitate quantitative analysis of temporal patterns of biodiversity in the Anthropocene. Main types of variables included The database contains 8,777,413 species abundance records, from assemblages consistently sampled for a minimum of 2 years, which need not necessarily be consecutive. In addition, the database contains metadata relating to sampling methodology and contextual information about each record. Spatial location and grain BioTIME is a global database of 547,161 unique sampling locations spanning the marine, freshwater and terrestrial realms. Grain size varies across datasets from 0.0000000158 km2 (158 cm2) to 100 km2 (1,000,000,000,000 cm2). Time period and grain BioTIME records span from 1874 to 2016. The minimal temporal grain across all datasets in BioTIME is a year. Major taxa and level of measurement BioTIME includes data from 44,440 species across the plant and animal kingdoms, ranging from plants, plankton and terrestrial invertebrates to small and large vertebrates. Software format .csv and .SQL., Global Ecology and Biogeography, 27 (7), ISSN:1466-822X, ISSN:1466-8238
Published: 2018

16. Isotopic analysis of cyanobacterial nitrogen fixation associated with subarctic lichen and bryophyte species

Author: Johannes H. C. Cornelissen, Martin Braster, Richard S. P. van Logtestijn, Konstantin Gavazov, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Systems Ecology, and Molecular Cell Physiology
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Liverwort, Soil Science, Plant Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Mire, Ecosystems, Svalbard, Botany, Mosses, Boreal Forests, Ecosystem, Lichen, Moss, Tundra, 2. Zero hunger, Vegetation, Radiation, Ecology, biology, Northern Sweden, Interspecific competition, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Subarctic climate, Functional Traits, Interspecific variation, Nitrogen fixation, Bryophyte, N-15, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Dinitrogen fixation by cyanobacteria is of particular importance for the nutrient economy of cold biomes, constituting the main pathway for new N supplies to tundra ecosystems. It is prevalent in cyanobacterial colonies on bryophytes and in obligate associations within cyanolichens. Recent studies, applying interspecific variation in plant functional traits to upscale species effects on ecosystems, have all but neglected cryptogams and their association with cyanobacteria. Here we looked for species-specific patterns that determine cryptogam-mediated rates of N-2 fixation in the Subarctic. We hypothesised a contrast in N-2 fixation rates (1) between the structurally and physiologically different lichens and bryophytes, and (2) within bryophytes based on their respective plant functional types. Throughout the survey we supplied N-15-labelled N-2 gas to quantify fixation rates for monospecific moss, liverwort and lichen turfs. We sampled fifteen species in a design that captures spatial and temporal variations during the growing season in Abisko region, Sweden. We measured N-2 fixation potential of each turf in a common environment and in its field sampling site, in order to embrace both comparativeness and realism. Cyanolichens and bryophytes differed significantly in their cyanobacterial N-2 fixation capacity, which was not driven by microhabitat characteristics, but rather by morphology and physiology. Cyanolichens were much more prominent fixers than bryophytes per unit dry weight, but not per unit area due to their low specific thallus weight. Mosses did not exhibit consistent differences in N-2 fixation rates across species and functional types. Liverworts did not fix detectable amounts of N-2. Despite the very high rates of N-2 fixation associated with cyanolichens, large cover of mosses per unit area at the landscape scale compensates for their lower fixation rates, thereby probably making them the primary regional atmospheric nitrogen sink.
Published: 2018

17. Symbiont switching and alternative resource acquisition strategies drive mutualism breakdown

Author: E. Toby Kiers, Jens Kattge, William K. Cornwell, Stuart A. West, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Johannes H. C. Cornelissen, Gijsbert D. A. Werner, Animal Ecology, and Systems Ecology
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Environment, Biology, Macroevolution, Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 17 - Partnerships for the Goals, Symbiosis, Mutualism, Mycorrhizae, Resource Acquisition Is Initialization, Host plants, 030304 developmental biology, Feedback, Physiological, 2. Zero hunger, Mutualism (biology), 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, Biological evolution, Biological Sciences, Plants, 15. Life on land, Biological Evolution, Cooperation, 030104 developmental biology, Arbuscular mycorrhizal
Abstract: Cooperative interactions among species, termed mutualisms, have played a crucial role in the evolution of life on Earth. However, despite key potential benefits to partners, there are many cases where two species cease to cooperate, and mutualisms break down. What factors drive the evolutionary breakdown of mutualism? We examined the pathways towards breakdowns of the mutualism between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Using a comparative approach, we identify ~25 independent cases of complete mutualism breakdown across global seed plants. We found that breakdown of cooperation was only stable when host plants either: (i) partner with other root symbionts or (ii) evolve alternative resource acquisition strategies. Our results suggest that key mutualistic services are only permanently lost if hosts evolve alternative symbioses or adaptations.Significance StatementCooperative interactions among species – mutualisms – are major sources of evolutionary innovation. However, despite their importance, two species that formerly cooperated sometimes cease their partnership. Why do mutualisms breakdown? We asked this question in the partnership between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and their plant hosts, one of the most ancient mutualisms. We analyse two potential trajectories towards evolutionary breakdown of their cooperation, symbiont switching and mutualism abandonment. We find evidence that plants stop interacting with AM fungi when they switch to other microbial mutualists or when they evolve alternative strategies to extract nutrients from the environment. Our results show vital cooperative interactions can be lost - but only if successful alternatives evolve.
Published: 2018

18. Plant functional trait change across a warming tundra biome

Author: Stefan Dullinger, Benjamin Bond-Lamberty, Agata Buchwal, Jill F. Johnstone, Alessandro Petraglia, Brody Sandel, Rasmus Halfdan Jørgensen, Pieter S. A. Beck, Hendrik Poorter, Laura Siegwart Collier, Tage Vowles, Damien Georges, Borgthor Magnusson, Peter B. Reich, Katharine N. Suding, Giandiego Campetella, Chelsea J. Little, Trevor C. Lantz, Colleen M. Iversen, Sara Kuleza, Ingibjörg S. Jónsdóttir, Steven F. Oberbauer, Robert G. Björk, Janneke HilleRisLambers, Benjamin Blonder, David S. Hik, Sandra Angers-Blondin, Vladimir G. Onipchenko, Susanna Venn, Peter Poschlod, Brandon S. Schamp, Rebecca A Klady, Katherine S. Christie, F. Stuart Chapin, Philipp R. Semenchuk, Haydn J.D. Thomas, Sarah C. Elmendorf, Ken D. Tape, Monique M. P. D. Heijmans, Josep M. Ninot, Heather D. Alexander, Michael Bahn, Daan Blok, Anne Blach-Overgaard, Ann Milbau, Alba Anadon-Rosell, Jenny C. Ordoñez, Gabriela Schaepman-Strub, Rubén Milla, Philip A. Wookey, Martin Hallinger, Bruce C. Forbes, J. Hans C. Cornelissen, Gregory H. R. Henry, Esther Lévesque, Franciska T. de Vries, Sabine B. Rumpf, Scott J. Goetz, Sigrid Schøler Nielsen, Mariska te Beest, Annika Hofgaard, Marcello Tomaselli, Sonja Wipf, Kevin C. Guay, Bo Elberling, Janet S. Prevéy, Jean-Pierre Tremblay, Josep Peñuelas, Peter M. van Bodegom, Jens Kattge, Nadja Rüger, Jacob Nabe-Nielsen, Julia A. Klein, Tara Zamin, Rohan Shetti, Robert D. Hollister, Craig E. Tweedie, Dirk Nikolaus Karger, William A. Gould, Evan Weiher, Aino Kulonen, Yusuke Onoda, Matteo Dainese, Mark Vellend, Christian Rixen, Noémie Boulanger-Lapointe, Paul Grogan, Serge N. Sheremetev, Logan T. Berner, Andrew J. Trant, Urs A. Treier, Anne D. Bjorkman, Stef Weijers, Maxime Tremblay, Ülo Niinemets, Ulf Molau, William K. Cornwell, Juha M. Alatalo, Francesca Jaroszynska, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Karen A. Harper, Martin Wilmking, Allan Buras, Bruno Enrico Leone Cerabolini, Elina Kaarlejärvi, Signe Normand, Isla H. Myers-Smith, James D. M. Speed, Johan Olofsson, Anu Eskelinen, Laurent J. Lamarque, Sandra Díaz, Lorna E. Street, Anders Michelsen, Oriol Grau, Peter Manning, Luise Hermanutz, Maitane Iturrate-Garcia, Walton A. Green, Michele Carbognani, Brian J. Enquist, Janet C. Jorgenson, Joseph M. Craine, Elisabeth J. Cooper, Wim A. Ozinga, Esther R. Frei, James I. Hudson, Marko J. Spasojevic, Karl Hülber, Spatial Ecology and Global Change, Environmental Sciences, and Systems Ecology
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Ecology: 488, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Environmental change, LEAF-AREA, Climate, Biome, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Geographic Mapping, 01 natural sciences, Global Warming, INTRASPECIFIC VARIABILITY, VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Økologi: 488, Soil, SDG 13 - Climate Action, ECONOMICS SPECTRUM, warming tundra biome, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Macroecology, TEMPERATURE, Multidisciplinary, CLIMATE-CHANGE, GLOBAL PATTERNS, Ecology, Climate-change ecology, Temperature, Vegetation, Plants, Phenotype, ARCTIC ECOSYSTEMS, Biogeography, macroecology, Plantenecologie en Natuurbeheer, Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, climate-change ecology, Biometry, Climate change, Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, 010603 evolutionary biology, Spatio-Temporal Analysis, Life Science, Ecosystem, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Community ecology, SNOW-SHRUB INTERACTIONS, Tundra, Plant Physiological Phenomena, Vegetatie, biogeography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, WIMEK, Plant Ecology, Global warming, Water, Plant community, Humidity, 15. Life on land, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology, VEGETATION, LITTER DECOMPOSITION RATES, community ecology
Abstract: Altres ajuts europeus: P.A.W. was additionally supported by the European Union Fourth Environment and Climate Framework Programme (Project Number ENV4-CT970586)P.A.W. was additionally supported by the European Union Fourth Environment and Climate Framework Programme (Project Number ENV4-CT970586). The tundra is warming more rapidly than any other biome on Earth, and the potential ramifications are far-reaching because of global feedback effects between vegetation and climate. A better understanding of how environmental factors shape plant structure and function is crucial for predicting the consequences of environmental change for ecosystem functioning. Here we explore the biome-wide relationships between temperature, moisture and seven key plant functional traits both across space and over three decades of warming at 117 tundra locations. Spatial temperature-trait relationships were generally strong but soil moisture had a marked influence on the strength and direction of these relationships, highlighting the potentially important influence of changes in water availability on future trait shifts in tundra plant communities. Community height increased with warming across all sites over the past three decades, but other traits lagged far behind predicted rates of change. Our findings highlight the challenge of using space-for-time substitution to predict the functional consequences of future warming and suggest that functions that are tied closely to plant height will experience the most rapid change. They also reveal the strength with which environmental factors shape biotic communities at the coldest extremes of the planet and will help to improve projections of functional changes in tundra ecosystems with climate warming.
Published: 2018

19. Mapping local and global variability in plant trait distributions

Author: Fernando Valladares, Thomas Hickler, Benjamin Blonder, Kirk R. Wythers, Peter B. Reich, Kerry A. Brown, Ethan E. Butler, Andrés González-Melo, Enio E. Sosinski, Vanessa Minden, Nicolas Gross, Josep Peñuelas, Peter M. van Bodegom, Steven Jansen, Daniel C. Laughlin, Yusuke Onoda, Giandiego Campetella, Nathan J. B. Kraft, Bruno Enrico Leone Cerabolini, Ming Chen, Patrick Meir, Peter E. Thornton, Farideh Fazayeli, Tomas F. Domingues, Lawren Sack, Bernard Amiaud, Sandra Díaz, Dylan Craven, Ben Bond-Lamberty, Quentin D. Read, Ülo Niinemets, Gerhard Boenisch, Habacuc Flores-Moreno, Franciska T. de Vries, Chaeho Byun, Christian Wirth, Abhirup Datta, Marko J. Spasojevic, Koen Kramer, Brandon S. Schamp, Wenxuan Han, Arindam Banerjee, Joseph M. Craine, Mathew Williams, Jens Kattge, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Wesley N. Hattingh, Johannes H. C. Cornelissen, Estelle Forey, Owen K. Atkin, Hiroko Kurokawa, Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA, Department of Biostatistics [Baltimore], Johns Hopkins University (JHU), University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), University of Minnesota, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Australian National University (ANU), German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Joint Global Change Research Institute, University Research Court, Department of Geography and Geology, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, UK, Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), University of Camerino, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences [Insubria], University of Insubria, Varese, Jonah Ventures, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Manchester] (SEES), University of Manchester [Manchester], Insituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba [Argentina], Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Étude et compréhension de la biodiversité (ECODIV), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad del Rosario, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé [France] (USC 1339 INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (North China), China Agricultural University (CAU), Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS), School of Animal, Plant & Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] (WITS), Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science [Lund], Lund University [Lund], Universität Ulm - Ulm University [Ulm, Allemagne], Alterra - Green World Research, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, Tohoku University [Sendai], Department of Botany, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Research School of Biology, Institute of Biology and Environmental Science, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Kyoto University [Kyoto], Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CEAB-CSIC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Department of Biology, Algoma University, Marie, OA, Canada, Algoma University, Institute of Environmental Sciences [Leiden] (CML), Leiden University, Laboratorio de Planejamento Ambiental, Oak Ridge National Laboratory [Oak Ridge] (ORNL), UT-Battelle, LLC, Climate Change Science Institute [Oak Ridge] (CCSI), UT-Battelle, LLC-UT-Battelle, LLC, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnológicas, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos [Madrid] (URJC), School of Geosciences [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh, Department of Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, European Project: 609398,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2013-COFUND,AGREENSKILLSPLUS(2014), Biology, Butler, Ethan E., Datta, Abhirup, Systems Ecology, Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford, Università degli Studi di Camerino = University of Camerino (UNICAM), Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria = University of Insubria [Varese] (Uninsubria), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kyoto University, University of California (UC), Universiteit Leiden, Universität Leipzig, INRA - CEBC, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), University of Minnesota [Twin Cities], Department of Energy (US), National Science Foundation (US), University of Minnesota, European Commission, Natural Environment Research Council (UK), Generalitat de Catalunya, Wageningen University and Research Centre, National Natural Science Foundation of China, and Australian Research Council
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Bayes theorem, Data base, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Biodiversité et Ecologie, répartition territoriale, échelle globale, statistique spatiale, 01 natural sciences, Filosofie, spatial statistics, Leaf area, Bayes' theorem, Models, échelle locale, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Priority journal, 2. Zero hunger, changement climatique, Multidisciplinary, Geography, Phosphorus, Vegetation, Plants, Statistical, PE&RC, global, Bayesian modeling, Climate, Global, Plant traits, Spatial statistics, PNAS Plus, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Trait, Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Statistical model, Cartography, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Nitrogen, Otras Ciencias Biológicas, Bayesian probability, plant traits, climate, Quantitative trait locus, Environment, 010603 evolutionary biology, Article, Ciencias Biológicas, Biodiversity and Ecology, Quantitative Trait, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, Spatial analysis, Heritable, Ecosystem, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Spatial Analysis, Models, Statistical, Plant Dispersal, diversité végétale fonctionnelle, Leaf litter, Plant, 15. Life on land, Nonhuman, modèle bayésien, Philosophy, Evergreen, 13. Climate action, Concentration (parameters), Prediction, Scale (map), Bayesian modelling, Model
Abstract: Our ability to understand and predict the response of ecosystems to a changing environment depends on quantifying vegetation functional diversity. However, representing this diversity at the global scale is challenging. Typically, in Earth system models, characterization of plant diversity has been limited to grouping related species into plant functional types (PFTs), with all trait variation in a PFT collapsed into a single mean value that is applied globally. Using the largest global plant trait database and state of the art Bayesian modeling, we created fine-grained global maps of plant trait distributions that can be applied to Earth system models. Focusing on a set of plant traits closely coupled to photosynthesis and foliar respiration—specific leaf area (SLA) and dry mass-based concentrations of leaf nitrogen (Nm) and phosphorus (Pm), we characterize how traits vary within and among over 50,000 ∼50×50-km cells across the entire vegetated land surface. We do this in several ways—without defining the PFT of each grid cell and using 4 or 14 PFTs; each model’s predictions are evaluated against out-of-sample data. This endeavor advances prior trait mapping by generating global maps that preserve variability across scales by using modern Bayesian spatial statistical modeling in combination with a database over three times larger than that in previous analyses. Our maps reveal that the most diverse grid cells possess trait variability close to the range of global PFT means., This research was supported as part of the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) project, funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research (Grant DE-SC0012677 to P.B.R. and A.B.). O.K.A. acknowledges the support of the Australian Research Council (CE140100008). This research was also funded by programs from the NSF Long-Term Ecological Research (Grant DEB-1234162) and Long-Term Research in Environmental Biology (Grant DEB-1242531). A.B., F.F., and P.B.R. acknowledge funding from NSF Grant IIS-1563950. P.B.R. also acknowledges support from two University of Minnesota Institute on the Environment discovery grants. This study has been supported by the TRY initiative on plant traits (www.try-db.org). The TRY database is hosted at the Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (Jena, Germany) and supported by DIVERSITAS/Future Earth, the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, and the EU H2020 project BACI (Grant 640176). B.B. acknowledges a Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) independent research fellowship NE/M019160/1. J.P. acknowledges the financial support from the European Research Council Synergy Grant ERC-SyG-2013-610028 IMBALANCE-P, the Spanish Government Grant CGL2013-48074-P, and the Catalan Government Grant SGR 2014-274. B.B.-L. was supported by the Earth System Modeling program of the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research. K.K. acknowledges the contribution of the Wageningen University and Research Investment theme Resilience for the project Resilient Forest (KB-29-009-003). P.M. acknowledges support from ARC Grant FT110100457 and NERC Grant NE/F002149/1. W.H. acknowledges support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 41473068) and the “Light of West China” Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Published: 2017

20. A global Fine-Root Ecology Database to address below-ground challenges in plant ecology

Author: Oscar J. Valverde-Barrantes, Daniel B Stover, Christopher B. Blackwood, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Grégoire T. Freschet, M. Luke McCormack, Jens Kattge, Catherine Roumet, Cyrille Violle, Peter M. van Bodegom, Colleen M. Iversen, and A. Shafer Powell
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Databases, Factual, Physiology, Range (biology), Ecology (disciplines), Biome, Plant Science, Biology, computer.software_genre, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Plant Roots, Environmental data, Database, Terrestrial biosphere models, Ecosystem, Fine roots, 2. Zero hunger, Ecology, Biosphere, 15. Life on land, Plant ecology, Trait, Fine-Root Ecology Database (FRED), computer, Functional traits, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Variation and tradeoffs within and among plant traits are increasingly being harnessed by empiricists and modelers to understand and predict ecosystem processes under changing environmental conditions. While fine roots play an important role in ecosystem functioning, fine-root traits are underrepresented in global trait databases. This has hindered efforts to analyze fine-root trait variation and link it with plant function and environmental conditions at a global scale. This Viewpoint addresses the need for a centralized fine-root trait database, and introduces the Fine-Root Ecology Database (FRED, http://roots.ornl.gov) which so far includes > 70 000 observations encompassing a broad range of root traits and also includes associated environmental data. FRED represents a critical step toward improving our understanding of below-ground plant ecology. For example, FRED facilitates the quantification of variation in fine-root traits across root orders, species, biomes, and environmental gradients while also providing a platform for assessments of covariation among root, leaf, and wood traits, the role of fine roots in ecosystem functioning, and the representation of fine roots in terrestrial biosphere models. Continued input of observations into FRED to fill gaps in trait coverage will improve our understanding of changes in fine-root traits across space and time.
Published: 2017

21. Predicting habitat affinities of plant species using commonly measured functional traits

Author: Enio E. Sosinski, Jens Kattge, Michael Bahn, Thomas Hickler, Jeannine Cavender-Bares, Vladimir G. Onipchenko, Josep Peñuelas, Peter M. van Bodegom, Wim A. Ozinga, Lawren Sack, Bill Shipley, Valério D. Pillar, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Peter Manning, Ingolf Kühn, Michaël Belluau, Benjamin Blonder, and Peter Poschlod
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Soil nutrients, Specific leaf area, Understorey plants, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Irradiance, Plant Science, Leaf dry matter content, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Nutrient, Shade, Leaf size, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Water content, Habitat afﬁnities, Vegetatie, 2. Zero hunger, Vegetation, Ecology, Moisture, Habitat affinities, Environmental gradients, 15. Life on land, Seed size, Leafsize, Habitat, Habitat fertility, Wetlands, Trait, Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Soil moisture, Speciﬁc leaf area, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Altres ajuts: this research was partially funded by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Grant to BS. VO was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (#14-50-00029). The study has been supported by theTRY initiative on plant traits (http://www.try-db.org).The TRY initiative and database is hosted at the MaxPlanck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany.TRY is currently supported by DIVERSITAS/FutureEarth and the German Centre for Integrative Biodiver-sity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig. Questions: Heinz Ellenberg classically defined "indicator" scores for species representing their typical positions along gradients of key environmental variables, and these have proven very useful for designating ecological distributions. We tested a key tenent of trait-based ecology, i.e. the ability to predict ecological preferences from species' traits. More specifically, can we predict Ellenberg indicator scores for soil nutrients, soil moisture and irradiance from four well-studied traits: leaf area, leaf dry matter content, specific leaf area (SLA) and seed mass? Can we use such relationships to estimate Ellenberg scores for species never classified by Ellenberg? - Location: global. - Methods: cumulative link models were developed to predict Ellenberg nutrients, irradiance and moisture values from Ln-transformed trait values using 922, 981 and 988 species, respectively. We then independently tested these prediction equations using the trait values of 423 and 421 new species that occurred elsewere in Europe, North America and Morocco, and whose habitat affinities we could classify from independent sources as three-level ordinal ranks related to soil moisture and irradiance. The traits were SLA, leaf dry matter content, leaf area and seed mass. - Results: the four functional traits predicted the Ellenberg indicator scores of site fertility, light and moisture with average error rates of
Published: 2017

22. Climate, soil and plant functional types as drivers of global fine-root trait variation

Author: Vladimir G. Onipchenko, Stuart W. Smith, Ming Dong, Oscar J. Valverde-Barrantes, Steven W. Kembel, Peter B. Reich, Joseph M. Craine, Catherine Picon-Cochard, Louise H. Comas, Enrique G. de la Riva, Naoki Makita, Katherine R. Urban-Mead, Catherine Roumet, Florian Fort, Colleen M. Iversen, Anne Bonis, Dali Guo, Christopher B. Blackwood, Cyrille Violle, Johannes H. C. Cornelissen, David A. Wardle, Sarah E. Hobbie, Mark G. Tjoelker, Robert J. Holdaway, M. Luke McCormack, Caroline M. Tucker, Grégoire T. Freschet, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), University of Minnesota System, AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Department of Biological Sciences [Kent], Kent State University, Environmental Sciences Division [Oak Ridge], Oak Ridge National Laboratory [Oak Ridge] (ORNL), UT-Battelle, LLC-UT-Battelle, LLC, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Zhangzhou Normal University, State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany [Beijing] (IB-CAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Geobotany, Moscow State University, Moscow State University, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment [Richmond] (HIE), Western Sydney University, Department of Systems Ecology, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), EU's Research Executive Agency, Marie Curie Actions. Grant Number: 657951, European Research Council. Grant Number: ERC-StG-2014-639706-CONSTRAINTS, Biological and Environmental Research program, U.S. Department of Energy's, Office of Science. Grant Number: 14-50-00029, Russian Science Foundation (RNF), European Project: 639706,H2020,ERC-2014-STG,CONSTRAINTS(2015), European Project: 657951,H2020,H2020-MSCA-IF-2014,RareFunctions(2016), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Systems Ecology, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Western Sydney University (UWS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Resource (biology), plant growth form, Biodiversité et Ecologie, Climate, Distribution (economics), fine roots, Plant Science, Biology, phylogeny, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Biodiversity and Ecology, functional biogeography, Phylogenetics, Resource Acquisition Is Initialization, functional traits, climate, N2-fixation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Phylogeny, database, 2. Zero hunger, plant resource economics, Ecology, business.industry, root function, soil properties, 15. Life on land, Herbaceous plant, Bulk density, Agronomy, N-fixation, Trait, Soil fertility, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business, Functional traits, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: 1.Ecosystem functioning relies heavily on belowground processes, which are largely regulated by plant fine-roots and their functional traits. However, our knowledge of fine-root trait distribution relies to date on local- and regional-scale studies with limited numbers of species, growth forms and environmental variation. 2.We compiled a worldwide fine-root trait dataset, featuring 1115 species from contrasting climatic areas, phylogeny and growth forms to test a series of hypotheses pertaining to the influence of plant functional types, soil and climate variables, and the degree of manipulation of plant growing conditions on species fine-root trait variation. Most particularly, we tested the competing hypotheses that fine-root traits typical of faster return on investment would be most strongly associated with conditions of limiting versus favourable soil resource availability. We accounted for both data source and species phylogenetic relatedness. 3.We demonstrate that (1) Climate conditions promoting soil fertility relate negatively to fine-root traits favouring fast soil resource acquisition, with a particularly strong positive effect of temperature on fine-root diameter and negative effect on specific root length (SRL), and a negative effect of rainfall on root nitrogen concentration; (2) Soil bulk density strongly influences species fine-root morphology, by favouring thicker, denser fine-roots; (3) Fine-roots from herbaceous species are on average finer and have higher SRL than those of woody species, and N2-fixing capacity positively relates to root nitrogen; (4) Plants growing in pots have higher SRL than those grown in the field. 4.Synthesis. This study reveals both the large variation in fine-root traits encountered globally and the relevance of several key plant functional types and soil and climate variables for explaining a substantial part of this variation. Climate, particularly temperature, and plant functional types were the two strongest predictors of fine-root trait variation. High trait variation occurred at local scales, suggesting that wide-ranging belowground resource economics strategies are viable within most climatic areas and soil conditions. This is the peer reviewed version of an article, which has been published in final form at [http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12769]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.
Published: 2017

23. Global Patterns of Mycorrhizal Distribution and Their Environmental Drivers

Author: Maarten van 't Zelfde, Niels Raes, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, and Stijn Vaessen
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, biology, Ecology, business.industry, Distribution (economics), biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ectomycorrhiza, Arbuscular mycorrhiza, Symbiosis, Plant species, Ericoid mycorrhiza, Ecosystem, Lack of knowledge, business, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Mycorrhizal symbiosis is an important driver of ecosystem functioning and biogeochemical cycling processes. Due to their wide distribution, three types of mycorrhizal symbiosis, arbuscular, ecto- and ericoid mycorrhizas, arguably play a prominent role in controlling ecosystem functioning at global scale. However, our understanding of the nature and degree of their involvement in ecosystem processes worldwide is hindered by a lack of knowledge on global distribution patterns of mycorrhizal plants. We review the state of the art of our data and knowledge with respect to global mycorrhizal distribution patterns; present first maps of the registered occurrences of plant species that feature arbuscular, ecto- and ericoid mycorrhizas; and provide recommendations for further improvement of our understanding of mycorrhizal geography and their environmental drivers.
Published: 2017

24. Digging deep to open the white black box of snow root phenology

Author: Mikhail I. Makarov, Marinus J. A. Werger, A. M. Kipkeev, Vladimir G. Onipchenko, A. D. Kozhevnikova, Johannes H. C. Cornelissen, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Fatima S. Salpagarova, D. K. Tekeev, V. B. Ivanov, Systems Ecology, and Amsterdam Global Change Institute
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Abiotic component, Ecology, Phenology, 15. Life on land, Snow, Annual cycle, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Digging, 13. Climate action, Ecological significance, Environmental science, Physical geography, Life history, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Snow roots are specialized structures recently discovered in the Caucasian alpine snow-bed plant Corydalis conorhiza. They form extensive networks that grow into snow packs against gravity, most probably to gather nitrogen from snow. Here we test the hypothesis that snow roots are true winter organs, i.e., they should already start growth early in winter to lay down the infrastructure for N capture from snow packs well before their melt-out. This would require winter surface and soil temperatures continuously close to or above freezing. Excavations of snow roots from snow packs in January and May, accompanied by temperature recordings and anatomical observations, supported our hypothesis. These findings complete the annual cycle of snow root phenology. They also emphasize the evolutionary and ecological significance of these specialized winter organs. Moreover, their likely association with a particular abiotic temperature and snow regime will facilitate the search for snow roots in other species. © 2013 The Ecological Society of Japan.
Published: 2013

25. A global method for calculating plant CSR ecological strategies applied across biomes world-wide

Author: Vladimir G. Onipchenko, Cédric Frenette-Dussault, F. S. Chapin, Peter B. Reich, Josep Peñuelas, Peter M. van Bodegom, Ken Thompson, Roderick Hunt, Guido Brusa, Sandra Díaz, Daniel Negreiros, Felipe P. L. Melo, Eric Garnier, Alessandra Luzzaro, Evan Weiher, Bruno Enrico Leone Cerabolini, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, R. M. Ceriani, Marco Caccianiga, Geraldo Wilson Fernandes, Marcelo Tabarelli, Duccio Tampucci, Jingyun Fang, Johannes H. C. Cornelissen, S. J. Wright, Peter J. Wilson, Oliver C. Nyakunga, Jens Kattge, Michael Kleyer, F. Mangili, Simon Pierce, Gabriella Buffa, John Philip Grime, Bruno X. Pinho, Antonio Slaviero, Andrew Siefert, Bill Shipley, William K. Cornwell, Soizig Le Stradic, Newton P. U. Barbosa, and Systems Ecology
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Universal adaptive strategy theory, Specific leaf area, Evolution, Biome, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Behavior and Systematics, survival strategy, comparative ecology, Ruderal species, universal adaptive strategy theory, Plant functional type, plant functional type, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Herbivore, Functional Strategy, Ecology, Community assembly, community assembly, Grime's CSR triangle, plant economics spectrum, Comparative ecology, Survival strategy, Trait, Plant economics spectrum, Settore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale e Applicata, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Agraïments: The study has been supported by the TRY initiative on plant traits (www.try-db.org). The TRY initiative and database is hosted, developed and maintained by J. Kattge and G. Bönisch (Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany). TRY is/has been supported by DIVERSITAS, IGBP, the Global Land Project, the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) through its program QUEST (Quantifying and Understanding the Earth System), the French Foundation for Biodiversity Research (FRB), and GIS "Climat, Environnement et Société" France. We thank Daniel Laughlin, Frédérique Louault, Belinda Medlyn, Julie Messier, Juli Pausas and Ian Wright for contributing data. The authors declare no conflict of interest. 1. Competitor, stress-tolerator, ruderal (CSR) theory is a prominent plant functional strategy scheme previously applied to local floras. Globally, the wide geographic and phylogenetic coverage of available values of leaf area (LA), leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and specific leaf area (SLA) (representing, respectively, interspecific variation in plant size and conservative vs. acquisitive resource economics) promises the general application of CSR strategies across biomes, including the tropical forests hosting a large proportion of Earth's diversity. - 2. We used trait variation for 3068 tracheophytes (representing 198 families, six continents and 14 biomes) to create a globally calibrated CSR strategy calculator tool and investigate strategy-environment relationships across biomes world-wide. - 3. Due to disparity in trait availability globally, co-inertia analysis was used to check correspondence between a 'wide geographic coverage, few traits' data set and a 'restricted coverage, many traits' subset of 371 species for which 14 whole-plant, flowering, seed and leaf traits (including leaf nitrogen content) were available. CSR strategy/environment relationships within biomes were investigated using fourth-corner and RLQ analyses to determine strategy/climate specializations. - 4. Strong, significant concordance (RV = 0·597; P < 0·0001) was evident between the 14 trait multivariate space and when only LA, LDMC and SLA were used. - 5. Biomes such as tropical moist broadleaf forests exhibited strategy convergence (i.e. clustered around a CS/CSR median; C:S:R = 43:42:15%), with CS-selection associated with warm, stable situations (lesser temperature seasonality), with greater annual precipitation and potential evapotranspiration. Other biomes were characterized by strategy divergence: for example, deserts varied between xeromorphic perennials such as Larrea divaricata, classified as S-selected (C:S:R = 1:99:0%) and broadly R-selected annual herbs (e.g. Claytonia perfoliata; R/CR-selected; C:S:R = 21:0:79%). Strategy convergence was evident for several growth habits (e.g. trees) but not others (forbs). - 6. The CSR strategies of vascular plants can now be compared quantitatively within and between biomes at the global scale. Through known linkages between underlying leaf traits and growth rates, herbivory and decomposition rates, this method and the strategy-environment relationships it elucidates will help to predict which kinds of species may assemble in response to changes in biogeochemical cycles, climate and land use.
Published: 2016

26. Alpine plant functional group responses to fertiliser addition depend on abiotic regime and community composition

Author: Vladimir G. Onipchenko, A. A. Akhmetzhanova, M. K. Elkanova, Johannes H. C. Cornelissen, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, F. U. Aibazova, A. V. Stogova, Mikhail I. Makarov, Systems Ecology, and Amsterdam Global Change Institute
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Abiotic component, Biomass (ecology), Festuca, biology, Alpine plant, Ecology, fungi, food and beverages, Soil Science, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Plant Science, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Productivity (ecology), Agronomy, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Forb, Dominance (ecology), Ecosystem
Abstract: Background and aims: We ask how productivity responses of alpine plant communities to increased nutrient availability can be predicted from abiotic regime and initial functional type composition. Methods: We compared four Caucasian alpine plant communities (lichen heath, Festuca varia grassland, Geranium-Hedysarum meadow, snow bed community) forming a toposequence and contrasting in productivity and dominance structure for biomass responses to experimental fertilization (N, P, NP, Ca) and irrigation for 4-5 years. Results: The dominant plants in more productive communities monopolized added N and P, at the expense of their neighbors. In three out of four communities, N and P fertilizations gave greater aboveground biomass increase than N or P fertilization alone, indicating overall co-limitation of N and P, with N being most limiting. Relative biomass increase in NP treatment was negatively related to biomass in control plots across the four communities. Grasses often responded more vigorously to P, but sedges to N alone. Finally, we present one of the rare examples of a forb showing a strong N or NP response. Conclusion: Our findings will help improve our ability to predict community composition and biomass dynamics in cool ecosystems subject to changing nutrient availability as induced by climate or land-use changes. © 2012 The Author(s).
Published: 2012

27. TRY - a global database of plant traits

Author: Walter Durka, Peter B. Reich, Sandy P. Harrison, William J. Bond, Bill Shipley, Matthew S. Waldram, Thomas Hickler, Jenny C. Ordoñez, Jon Lloyd, Jérôme Chave, Gerd Esser, Johannes M. H. Knops, Johannes H. C. Cornelissen, Owen K. Atkin, Lawren Sack, Raphaël Proulx, Gerhard Bönisch, Jeffrey Q. Chambers, Ülo Niinemets, H. Ford, Adel Jalili, Benjamin Blonder, Romà Ogaya, Kaoru Kitajima, Frédérique Louault, Andrew J. Kerkhoff, Walton A. Green, Steven Jansen, Andrew Siefert, Jean-François Soussana, Satomi Shiodera, Alvaro G. Gutiérrez, Enio E. Sosinski, David D. Ackerly, Sandra Patiño, Beatriz Salgado-Negret, Björn Reu, Peter E. Thornton, Miguel D. Mahecha, Sönke Zaehle, Leandro da Silva Duarte, Mark Westoby, Juli G. Pausas, Timothy R. Baker, Oliver L. Phillips, Daniel C. Laughlin, Sandra Díaz, Brian J. Enquist, Grégoire T. Freschet, S. J. Wright, Belinda E. Medlyn, Rachael V. Gallagher, Simon L. Lewis, Stefan Klotz, Valério D. Pillar, David A. Coomes, Michael T. White, Ken Thompson, Christian Wirth, Hiroko Kurokawa, Susana Paula, Tara Joy Massad, Ingolf Kühn, Ross A. Bradstock, Tali D. Lee, Joan Llusià, Koen Kramer, Peter Manning, Jens Kattge, F. S. Chapin, Gerhard E. Overbeck, Carlos Alfredo Joly, Shahid Naeem, Markus Reichstein, William K. Cornwell, Michael Kleyer, P.M. van Bodegom, Fernando Fernández-Méndez, Jingyun Fang, Daniel E. Bunker, Alessandra Fidelis, Tanja Lenz, Amy E. Zanne, Karin Nadrowski, William F. Fagan, Nikolaos M. Fyllas, Don Kirkup, Olivier Flores, Sandra Lavorel, S. Nöllert, Michelle R. Leishman, Siyan Ma, Paul Leadley, B. H. Dobrin, Dorothea Frank, Jordi Sardans, Renée M. Bekker, John G. Hodgson, Carolina C. Blanco, Michael Bahn, James J. Elser, Lourens Poorter, S. White, Josep Peñuelas, Marc Estiarte, Julie Messier, Frederic Lens, Ian J. Wright, Peter Poschlod, Madhur Anand, Emily Swaine, Hendrik Poorter, Cyrille Violle, Bryan Finegan, Wim A. Ozinga, Sabine Reinsch, Angela T. Moles, Eric Garnier, Fernando Casanoves, Dennis D. Baldocchi, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Sandra Cristina Müller, Nathan G. Swenson, Jacek Oleksyn, Jeannine Cavender-Bares, Joseph M. Craine, Anja Rammig, Yusuke Onoda, A. Nüske, Iain Colin Prentice, Steven I. Higgins, Benjamin Yguel, Andreas Prinzing, Evan Weiher, and Vladimir G. Onipchenko
Subjects: 2. Zero hunger, 0106 biological sciences, Global and Planetary Change, Functional ecology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecology, Database, Range (biology), Context (language use), Vegetation, 15. Life on land, Biology, Plant functional type, computer.software_genre, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Trait, Environmental Chemistry, Biological dispersal, Species richness, computer, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science
Abstract: Plant traits – the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants and their organs – determine how primary producers respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, influence ecosystem processes and services and provide a link from species richness to ecosystem functional diversity. Trait data thus represent the raw material for a wide range of research from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology to biogeography. Here we present the global database initiative named TRY, which has united a wide range of the plant trait research community worldwide and gained an unprecedented buy-in of trait data: so far 93 trait databases have been contributed. The data repository currently contains almost three million trait entries for 69 000 out of the world's 300 000 plant species, with a focus on 52 groups of traits characterizing the vegetative and regeneration stages of the plant life cycle, including growth, dispersal, establishment and persistence. A first data analysis shows that most plant traits are approximately log-normally distributed, with widely differing ranges of variation across traits. Most trait variation is between species (interspecific), but significant intraspecific variation is also documented, up to 40% of the overall variation. Plant functional types (PFTs), as commonly used in vegetation models, capture a substantial fraction of the observed variation – but for several traits most variation occurs within PFTs, up to 75% of the overall variation. In the context of vegetation models these traits would better be represented by state variables rather than fixed parameter values. The improved availability of plant trait data in the unified global database is expected to support a paradigm shift from species to trait-based ecology, offer new opportunities for synthetic plant trait research and enable a more realistic and empirically grounded representation of terrestrial vegetation in Earth system models.
Published: 2011

28. Is intensity of plant root mycorrhizal colonization a good proxy for plant growth rate, dominance and decomposition in nutrient poor conditions?

Author: Lidia G. Perevedentseva, Vladimir G. Onipchenko, Johannes H. C. Cornelissen, Richard S. P. van Logtestijn, Galina V. Semenova, Tatiana G. Elumeeva, Grégoire T. Freschet, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, and Systems Ecology
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Nutrient cycle, Alpine communities, Plant Science, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Symbiosis, Mycorrhizae, Relative growth rate, Dominance (ecology), Ecosystem, SDG 2 - Zero Hunger, Dominance, Ecology, fungi, Litter decomposition, food and beverages, Plant litter, Herbaceous plant, Agronomy, Forb, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Questions: Mycorrhizae may be a key element of plant nutritional strategies and of carbon and nutrient cycling. Recent research suggests that in natural conditions, intensity of mycorrhizal colonization should be considered an important plant feature. How are inter-specific variations in mycorrhizal colonization rate, plant relative growth rate (RGR) and leaf litter decomposability related? Is (arbuscular) mycorrhizal colonization linked to the dominance of plant species in nutrient-stressed ecosystems? Location: Teberda State Biosphere Reserve, northwest Caucasus, Russia. Methods: We measured plant RGR under mycorrhizal limitation and under natural nutrition conditions, together with leaf litter decomposability and field intensity of mycorrhizal colonization across a wide range of plant species, typical for alpine communities of European mountains. We applied regression analysis to test whether the intensity of mycorrhizal colonization is a good predictor of RGR and decomposition rate, and tested how these traits predict plant dominance in communities. Results: Forb species with a high level of field mycorrhizal colonization had lower RGR under nutritional and mycorrhizal limitation, while grasses were unaffected. Litter decomposition rate was not related to the intensity of mycorrhizal colonization. Dominant species mostly had a higher level of mycorrhizal colonization and lower RGR without mycorrhizal colonization than subordinate species, implying that they were more dependent on mycorrhizal symbionts. There were no differences in litter decomposability. Conclusions: In alpine herbaceous plant communities dominated by arbuscular mycorrhizae, nutrient dynamics are to a large extent controlled by mycorrhizal symbiosis. Intensity of mycorrhizal colonization is a negative predictor for whole plant RGR. Our study highlights the importance of mycorrhizal colonization as a key trait underpinning the role of plant species in carbon and nutrient dynamics in nutrient-limited herbaceous plant communities.
Published: 2018

29. Effects of fertilisation and irrigation on 'foliar afterlife' in alpine tundra

Author: Vladimir G. Onipchenko, Johannes H. C. Cornelissen, Rien Aerts, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, and Systems Ecology
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Vascular plant, Irrigation, Litter quality, Plant Science, Graminoid, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Nutrient addition, Forb, Nutrient, Ecosystem, Litter production, Alpine ecosystem, reproductive and urinary physiology, 2. Zero hunger, Plant growth form, Ecology, biology, Mineralisation, Litter decomposition, Plant community, 15. Life on land, Plant litter, biology.organism_classification, Tundra, Resorption, Agronomy, SDG 6 - Clean Water and Sanitation, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Question: How do increases in soil nutrient and water availability alter the nutrient fluxes through the resorption and litter decomposition pathways and how do they affect litter nutrient pools in a low-productive alpine tundra ecosystem? Location: An alpine lichen-rich tundra on Mt. Malaya Khatipara in the NW Caucasus, Russia (43°27' N, 41°42' E; altitude 2800 m a.s.l.). Methods: We conducted a 4-year fertilisation (N, P, N+P, lime) and irrigation experiment, and analysed the responses of nutrient resorption from senescing leaves, leaf litter quality and decomposability of six pre-dominant vascular plant species, total plant community litter production and litter (nutrient) accumulation. Results: Vascular plant litter [N] and [P] increased 1.5 and 10 fold in response to N and P additions, due to increased concentrations of the nutrients in fresh leaves and unchanged or reduced resorption efficiency. Litter decomposability was not affected by nutrient amendments. Fertilisation enhanced litter production (180%; N+P treatment) and litter accumulation (80%; N+P), owing to tremendously increased production and low decomposability of graminoids. Together with increased litter [N] and [P] this led to great increases in total litter nutrient pools. Conclusions: Due to increased production of graminoids, nutrients added to the alpine tundra soil were mostly immobilised in recalcitrant, nutrient-rich litter. This suggests that changing species composition in low productive ecosystems may act as an internal buffer mechanism, which under increased soil nutrient availability prevents the community from rapidly acquiring features typical of a high productive ecosystem such as high decomposability and high nutrient availability.
Published: 2007

30. Fuel moisture content enhances nonadditive effects of plant mixtures on flammability and fire behavior

Author: Rien Aerts, Niki Wensink, J. Hans C. Cornelissen, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Lisette Bakker, Richard S. P. van Logtestijn, Luke G. Blauw, Systems Ecology, and Amsterdam Global Change Institute
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Poison control, Combustion, Atmospheric sciences, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, surface fuels, moss, Temperate climate, Water content, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Original Research, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Flammability, Ecology, Moisture, biology, species composition, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Moss, 13. Climate action, plant traits, Environmental science, heather, Woody plant
Abstract: Fire behavior of plant mixtures includes a complex set of processes for which the interactive contributions of its drivers, such as plant identity and moisture, have not yet been unraveled fully. Plant flammability parameters of species mixtures can show substantial deviations of fire properties from those expected based on the component species when burnt alone; that is, there are nonadditive mixture effects. Here, we investigated how fuel moisture content affects nonadditive effects in fire behavior. We hypothesized that both the magnitude and variance of nonadditivity in flammability parameters are greater in moist than in dry fuel beds. We conducted a series of experimental burns in monocultures and 2-species mixtures with two ericaceous dwarf shrubs and two bryophyte species from temperate fire-prone heathlands. For a set of fire behavior parameters, we found that magnitude and variability of nonadditive effects are, on average, respectively 5.8 and 1.8 times larger in moist (30% MC) species mixtures compared to dry (10% MC) mixed fuel beds. In general, the moist mixtures caused negative nonadditive effects, but due to the larger variability these mixtures occasionally caused large positive nonadditive effects, while this did not occur in dry mixtures. Thus, at moister conditions, mixtures occasionally pass the moisture threshold for ignition and fire spread, which the monospecific fuel beds are unable to pass. We also show that the magnitude of nonadditivity is highly species dependent. Thus, contrary to common belief, the strong nonadditive effects in mixtures can cause higher fire occurrence at moister conditions. This new integration of surface fuel moisture and species interactions will help us to better understand fire behavior in the complexity of natural ecosystems. In general the moist species mixtures caused negative non-additive effects, but due to the larger variability these mixtures occasionally caused large positive non-additive effects, while this did not occur in dry mixtures. Thus, at moister conditions mixtures occasionally pass the moisture threshold for ignition and fire spread, which the monospecific fuel beds are unable to pass.
Published: 2015

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30 results on '"Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia"'

1. Climatic and soil factors explain the two-dimensional spectrum of global plant trait variation

2. Roots and rhizospheres in forest ecosystems: Recent advances and future challenges

3. A starting guide to root ecology: strengthening ecological concepts and standardizing root classification, sampling, processing and trait measurements

4. Global Root Traits (GRooT) Database

5. Assessing the reliability of predicted plant trait distributions at the global scale

6. Half of the world’s tree biodiversity is unprotected and is increasingly threatened by human activities

7. Global plant trait relationships extend to the climatic extremes of the tundra biome

8. Does the leaf economic spectrum hold within plant functional types? A Bayesian multivariate trait meta-analysis

9. Robustness of trait connections across environmental gradients and growth forms

10. Global mycorrhizal plant distribution linked to terrestrial carbon stocks

11. Global change effects on plant communities are magnified by time and the number of global change factors imposed

12. The functional trait spectrum of European temperate grasslands

13. Global distribution patterns of mycoheterotrophy

14. Belowground Biodiversity Relates Positively to Ecosystem Services of European Forests

15. BioTIME: A database of biodiversity time series for the Anthropocene

16. Isotopic analysis of cyanobacterial nitrogen fixation associated with subarctic lichen and bryophyte species

17. Symbiont switching and alternative resource acquisition strategies drive mutualism breakdown

18. Plant functional trait change across a warming tundra biome

19. Mapping local and global variability in plant trait distributions

20. A global Fine-Root Ecology Database to address below-ground challenges in plant ecology

21. Predicting habitat affinities of plant species using commonly measured functional traits

22. Climate, soil and plant functional types as drivers of global fine-root trait variation

23. Global Patterns of Mycorrhizal Distribution and Their Environmental Drivers

24. Digging deep to open the white black box of snow root phenology

25. A global method for calculating plant CSR ecological strategies applied across biomes world-wide

26. Alpine plant functional group responses to fertiliser addition depend on abiotic regime and community composition

27. TRY - a global database of plant traits

28. Is intensity of plant root mycorrhizal colonization a good proxy for plant growth rate, dominance and decomposition in nutrient poor conditions?

29. Effects of fertilisation and irrigation on 'foliar afterlife' in alpine tundra

30. Fuel moisture content enhances nonadditive effects of plant mixtures on flammability and fire behavior

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