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1. Expression of SMARCD1 interacts with age in association with asthma control on inhaled corticosteroid therapy

Author: Ann Chen Wu, Quan Lu, Esteban G. Burchard, Amber Dahlin, Max A. Seibold, Kelan G. Tantisira, Alberta L. Wang, Sam S. Oh, Michael J. McGeachie, Alvin T. Kho, Ronald Allan M Panganiban, Rachel S. Kelly, Sharon M. Lutz, Celeste Eng, Joanne E. Sordillo, Jose R. Rodriguez-Santana, B. Saef, Angel C.Y. Mak, Damien C. Croteau-Chonka, Satria Sajuthi, Benjamin A. Raby, Cydney Urbanek, and Scott T. Weiss
Subjects: Male, Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone, Respiratory System, Gene Expression, Disease, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Medicine, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Young adult, Aetiology, Child, Lung, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Inhalation, Age Factors, Hispanic or Latino, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Chromosomal Proteins, Treatment Outcome, Administration, Respiratory, Female, Hispanic Americans, Glucocorticoid, Cohort study, medicine.drug, Biotechnology, Adult, Adolescent, Population, Clinical Sciences, Context (language use), 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Clinical Research, Administration, Inhalation, Genetics, Humans, education, 030304 developmental biology, Asthma, lcsh:RC705-779, business.industry, Research, Human Genome, Non-Histone, lcsh:Diseases of the respiratory system, medicine.disease, 030228 respiratory system, Immunology, business
Abstract: Background Global gene expression levels are known to be highly dependent upon gross demographic features including age, yet identification of age-related genomic indicators has yet to be comprehensively undertaken in a disease and treatment-specific context. Methods We used gene expression data from CD4+ lymphocytes in the Asthma BioRepository for Integrative Genomic Exploration (Asthma BRIDGE), an open-access collection of subjects participating in genetic studies of asthma with available gene expression data. Replication population participants were Puerto Rico islanders recruited as part of the ongoing Genes environments & Admixture in Latino Americans (GALA II), who provided nasal brushings for transcript sequencing. The main outcome measure was chronic asthma control as derived by questionnaires. Genomic associations were performed using regression of chronic asthma control score on gene expression with age in years as a covariate, including a multiplicative interaction term for gene expression times age. Results The SMARCD1 gene (SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily D member 1) interacted with age to influence chronic asthma control on inhaled corticosteroids, with a doubling of expression leading to an increase of 1.3 units of chronic asthma control per year (95% CI [0.86, 1.74], p = 6 × 10− 9), suggesting worsening asthma control with increasing age. This result replicated in GALA II (p = 3.8 × 10− 8). Cellular assays confirmed the role of SMARCD1 in glucocorticoid response in airway epithelial cells. Conclusion Focusing on age-dependent factors may help identify novel indicators of asthma medication response. Age appears to modulate the effect of SMARCD1 on asthma control with inhaled corticosteroids.
Published: 2020

2. Pathway analysis of a genome-wide gene by air pollution interaction study in asthmatic children

Author: Despo Ierodiakonou, Scott T. Weiss, Joel Schwartz, Damien C. Croteau-Chonka, Brent A. Coull, Antonella Zanobetti, Petros Koutrakis, H. Marike Boezen, Diane R. Gold, Jonathan S. Schildcrout, Dirkje S. Postma, Thomas Lumley, Judith M. Vonk, Edward F. McKone, Gerard H. Koppelman, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), and Life Course Epidemiology (LCE)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, CITY, Air pollution, CYCLASE-ACTIVATING PEPTIDE, Locus (genetics), Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Genome-wide association study, 030501 epidemiology, Biology, Toxicology, Biological pathway, 03 medical and health sciences, INFLAMMATION, Molecular genetics, medicine, Genome-wide, EXPOSURE, OXIDATIVE STRESS, Pathways, Gene, Genetic association, Genetics, SET ENRICHMENT ANALYSIS, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, ASSOCIATION, Pollution, Asthma, Gene-environment interaction, Lung function, LUNG-FUNCTION, Metabolic pathway, RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS, HEALTH, 0305 other medical science
Abstract: Objectives We aimed to investigate the role of genetics in the respiratory response of asthmatic children to air pollution, with a genome-wide level analysis of gene by nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) interaction on lung function and to identify biological pathways involved.Methods We used a two-step method for fast linear mixed model computations for genome-wide association studies, exploring whether variants modify the longitudinal relationship between 4-month average pollution and post-bronchodilator FEV1 in 522 Caucasian and 88 African-American asthmatic children. Top hits were confirmed with classic linear mixed-effect models. We used the improved gene set enrichment analysis for GWAS (i-GSEA4GWAS) to identify plausible pathways.Results Two SNPs near the EPHA3 (rs13090972 and rs958144) and one in TXNDC8 (rs7041938) showed significant interactions with NO2 in Caucasians but we did not replicate this locus in African-Americans. SNP-CO interactions did not reach genome-wide significance. The i-GSEA4GWAS showed a pathway linked to the HO-1/CO system to be associated with CO-related FEV1 changes. For NO2-related FEV1 responses, we identified pathways involved in cellular adhesion, oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic responses.Conclusion The host lung function response to long-term exposure to pollution is linked to genes involved in cellular adhesion, oxidative stress, inflammatory, and metabolic pathways.
Published: 2019

3. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for body fat distribution in 694 649 individuals of European ancestry

Author: Samuel E. Jones, Charli Stoneman, Robin N Beaumont, Ruth J. F. Loos, Sara L. Pulit, Andrew R. Wood, Andrew P. Morris, Craig A. Glastonbury, Jessica Tyrrell, Yingjie Ji, Joel N. Hirschhorn, Timothy M. Frayling, Eirini Marouli, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Peter M. Visscher, Damien C. Croteau-Chonka, Teresa Ferreira, Andrew T. Hattersley, Loic Yengo, Hanieh Yaghootkar, Thomas W. Winkler, and Jian Yang
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Genome-wide association study, Biology, Overweight, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, White People, Body Mass Index, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Waist–hip ratio, Gene Frequency, Genetics, medicine, Body Fat Distribution, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Obesity, Association Studies Article, Molecular Biology, Genetics (clinical), Alleles, Adiposity, 2. Zero hunger, Waist-Hip Ratio, General Medicine, Heritability, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Adipose Tissue, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Metabolic syndrome, medicine.symptom, Body mass index, Demography, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: More than one in three adults worldwide is either overweight or obese. Epidemiological studies indicate that the location and distribution of excess fat, rather than general adiposity, are more informative for predicting risk of obesity sequelae, including cardiometabolic disease and cancer. We performed a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of body fat distribution, measured by waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) adjusted for body mass index (WHRadjBMI), and identified 463 signals in 346 loci. Heritability and variant effects were generally stronger in women than men, and we found approximately one-third of all signals to be sexually dimorphic. The 5% of individuals carrying the most WHRadjBMI-increasing alleles were 1.62 times more likely than the bottom 5% to have a WHR above the thresholds used for metabolic syndrome. These data, made publicly available, will inform the biology of body fat distribution and its relationship with disease.
Published: 2018

4. Whole genome prediction and heritability of childhood asthma phenotypes

Author: Jessica Lasky-Su, Peter J. Castaldi, Michael J. McGeachie, Joanne E. Sordillo, Michael H. Cho, George L. Clemmer, Damien C. Croteau-Chonka, Benjamin A. Raby, Kelan G. Tantisira, and Scott T. Weiss
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Multifactorial Inheritance, medicine.drug_class, Immunology, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, heritability, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Genome, Childhood asthma, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Forced Expiratory Volume, Bronchodilator, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Child, Lung, Original Research, Asthma, Genetics, Models, Genetic, whole‐genome prediction, Immunoglobulin E, Heritability, medicine.disease, Phenotype, polygenic prediction, 030104 developmental biology, 030228 respiratory system, longitudinal lung function patterns, Child, Preschool, Cohort, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: Introduction While whole genome prediction (WGP) methods have recently demonstrated successes in the prediction of complex genetic diseases, they have not yet been applied to asthma and related phenotypes. Longitudinal patterns of lung function differ between asthmatics, but these phenotypes have not been assessed for heritability or predictive ability. Herein, we assess the heritability and genetic predictability of asthma‐related phenotypes. Methods We applied several WGP methods to a well‐phenotyped cohort of 832 children with mild‐to‐moderate asthma from CAMP. We assessed narrow‐sense heritability and predictability for airway hyperresponsiveness, serum immunoglobulin E, blood eosinophil count, pre‐ and post‐bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1), bronchodilator response, steroid responsiveness, and longitudinal patterns of lung function (normal growth, reduced growth, early decline, and their combinations). Prediction accuracy was evaluated using a training/testing set split of the cohort. Results We found that longitudinal lung function phenotypes demonstrated significant narrow‐sense heritability (reduced growth, 95%; normal growth with early decline, 55%). These same phenotypes also showed significant polygenic prediction (areas under the curve [AUCs] 56% to 62%). Including additional demographic covariates in the models increased prediction 4–8%, with reduced growth increasing from 62% to 66% AUC. We found that prediction with a genomic relatedness matrix was improved by filtering available SNPs based on chromatin evidence, and this result extended across cohorts. Conclusions Longitudinal reduced lung function growth displayed extremely high heritability. All phenotypes with significant heritability showed significant polygenic prediction. Using SNP‐prioritization increased prediction across cohorts. WGP methods show promise in predicting asthma‐related heritable traits.
Published: 2016

5. Pharmacogenomics and Placebo Response in a Randomized Clinical Trial in Asthma

Author: Damien C. Croteau-Chonka, Edwin K. Silverman, Kathryn T. Hall, Scott T. Weiss, Joseph Loscalzo, and Rui-Sheng Wang
Subjects: Budesonide, Nedocromil, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Vital capacity, Vital Capacity, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Placebo, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Anti-Asthmatic Agents, Patient Reported Outcome Measures, Child, Asthma, Respiratory Sounds, Pharmacology, business.industry, medicine.disease, Placebo Effect, respiratory tract diseases, Pharmacogenomic Testing, Cytoskeletal Proteins, Treatment Outcome, Cough, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Pharmacogenomics, Female, business, Microtubule-Associated Proteins, medicine.drug, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: Genetic variation may differentially modify drug and placebo treatment effects in randomized clinical trials. In asthma, although lung function and asthma control improvements are commonplace with placebo, pharmacogenomics of placebo vs. drug response remains unexamined. In a genomewide association study of subjective and objective outcomes with placebo treatment in Childhood Asthma Management Program of nedocromil/budesonide vs. placebo (N = 604), effect estimates for lead single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were compared across arms. The coughing/wheezing lead SNP, rs2392165 (β = 0.94; P = 1.10E-07) mapped to BBS9, a gene implicated in lung development that contains a lung function expression quantitative trait locus. The effect was attenuated with budesonide (Pinteraction = 1.48E-07), but not nedocromil (Pinteraction = 0.06). The lead forced vital capacity SNP, rs12930749 (β = -5.80; P = 1.47E-06), mapped to KIAA0556, a locus genomewide associated with respiratory diseases. The rs12930749 effect was attenuated with budesonide (Pinteraction = 1.32E-02) and nedocromil (Pinteraction = 1.09E-02). Pharmacogenomic analysis revealed differential effects with placebo and drug treatment that could potentially guide precision drug development in asthma.
Published: 2019

6. The periphery and the core properties explain the omnigenic model in the human interactome

Author: Annika Röhl, Bingbo Wang, Kimberly Glass, Benjamin A. Raby, Damien C. Croteau-Chonka, Amitabh Sharma, Marc Santolini, and Scott T. Weiss
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, Complex disease, Disease, Computational biology, Biology, Interactome, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Differentially expressed genes, Human interactome, Interaction network, Gene, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: Understanding the connectivity patterns of genes in a localized disease neighborhood or disease module in a molecular interaction network (interactome) is a key step toward advancing the knowledge about molecular mechanisms underlying a complex disease. In this work, we introduce a framework that detects peripheral and core regions of a disease in the human interactome. We leverage gene expression data on 104 diseases and analyze the connectivity of differentially expressed genes (quantified by a p-value < 0.05) and their topological membership in the network to distinguish between peripheral and core genes. Per definition, peripheral and core genes are topologically different and we show that they also differ biologically. Core genes are more enriched for Genome-wide association study (GWAS) and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) data, whereas peripheral genes are more shared across different disease states and their overlap helps predict disease proximity in the human interactome. Based on this observation, we propose a flower model to explain the organization of genes in the human interactome, with core genes of different diseases as the petals and the peripheral genes as the (shared) stem. We show that this network model is an important step towards finding novel drug targets and improving disease classification. Overall, we were able to demonstrate how perturbations percolate through the human interactome and contribute to peripheral and core regions, an important novel feature of the omnigenic model.
Published: 2019
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7. Patterns of Growth and Decline in Lung Function in Persistent Childhood Asthma

Author: N F Adkinson, Anne L. Fuhlbrigge, Robert A. Wise, Robert C. Strunk, Scott T. Weiss, Hartmut Grasemann, Quan Lu, Gerard H. Koppelman, Alvin T. Kho, Dirkje S. Postma, Bryan R. Lajoie, Sunita Sharma, Ronina A. Covar, Paul V. Williams, Job Dekker, I Houston, Gaurav Jain, Kelan G. Tantisira, Michael J. McGeachie, Alice L. Sternberg, Judith M. Vonk, Stanley J. Szefler, Feng Guo, James Tonascia, Ye Zhan, Edwin K. Silverman, Peter J. Castaldi, Robert S. Zeiger, Xiaobo Zhou, Katherine P. Yates, Benjamin A. Raby, Amartya Sanyal, Damien C. Croteau-Chonka, M. L. Van Natta, John A. Stamatoyannopoulos, Kelly Hw, Michael H. Cho, School of Biological Sciences, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine), and Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC)
Subjects: Male, Nedocromil, Budesonide, Pediatrics, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, ADULTHOOD, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Forced Expiratory Volume, ADOLESCENTS, Longitudinal Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Young adult, Child, Lung, POPULATION, education.field_of_study, medicine.diagnostic_test, General Medicine, Biological Sciences, respiratory system, Bronchodilator Agents, Child, Preschool, Cohort, Medicine, Female, medicine.drug, Spirometry, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, Population, AIR-FLOW LIMITATION, OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE, Article, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, HYPERRESPONSIVENESS, Administration, Inhalation, medicine, Humans, COHORT, education, Asthma, business.industry, MORTALITY, medicine.disease, respiratory tract diseases, 030228 respiratory system, RISK-FACTORS, FOLLOW-UP, business
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Tracking longitudinal measurements of growth and decline in lung function in patients with persistent childhood asthma may reveal links between asthma and subsequent chronic airflow obstruction.METHODS: We classified children with asthma according to four characteristic patterns of lung-function growth and decline on the basis of graphs showing forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), representing spirometric measurements performed from childhood into adulthood. Risk factors associated with abnormal patterns were also examined. To define normal values, we used FEV1 values from participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey who did not have asthma.RESULTS: Of the 684 study participants, 170 (25%) had a normal pattern of lung-function growth without early decline, and 514 (75%) had abnormal patterns: 176 (26%) had reduced growth and an early decline, 160 (23%) had reduced growth only, and 178 (26%) had normal growth and an early decline. Lower baseline values for FEV1, smaller bronchodilator response, airway hyperresponsiveness at baseline, and male sex were associated with reduced growth (PCONCLUSIONS: Childhood impairment of lung function and male sex were the most significant predictors of abnormal longitudinal patterns of lung-function growth and decline. Children with persistent asthma and reduced growth of lung function are at increased risk for fixed airflow obstruction and possibly COPD in early adulthood. (Funded by the Parker B. Francis Foundation and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00000575.).
Published: 2016

8. Gene co-expression networks in whole blood implicate multiple interrelated molecular pathways in obese asthma

Author: Andrew H. Liu, Benjamin A. Raby, Fernando D. Martinez, Damien C. Croteau-Chonka, Scott T. Weiss, Stephanie J. London, Joshua Millstein, Edward T. Naureckas, Kathleen C. Barnes, Juan C. Celedón, W. James Gauderman, Albino Barraza-Villarreal, Dan L. Nicolae, Zhanghua Chen, Jerry A. Krishnan, Frank D. Gilliland, Carole Ober, and Steven R. White
Subjects: Adult, Male, Gene Expression, Genomics, Disease, Biology, Bioinformatics, Article, Biological pathway, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene expression, medicine, Humans, Obesity, Child, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, Asthma, Whole blood, 0303 health sciences, medicine.disease, 030228 respiratory system, Child, Preschool, Immunology, Female
Abstract: BackgroundAsthmatic children who develop obesity have poorer outcomes compared to those that do not, including poorer control, more severe symptoms, and greater resistance to standard treatment. Gene expression networks are powerful statistical tools for characterizing the underpinnings of human disease that leverage the putative co-regulatory relationships of genes to infer biological pathways altered in disease states.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to characterize the biology of childhood asthma complicated by adult obesity.MethodsWe performed weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) of gene expression data in whole blood from 514 adult subjects from the Childhood Asthma Management Program (CAMP). We then performed module preservation and association replication analyses in 418 subjects from two independent asthma cohorts (one pediatric and one adult).ResultsWe identified a multivariate model in which four gene co-expression network modules were associated with incident obesity in CAMP (eachP< 0.05). The module memberships were enriched for genes in pathways related to platelets, integrins, extracellular matrix, smooth muscle, NF-κB signaling, and Hedgehog signaling. The network structures of each of the four obese asthma modules were significantly preserved in both replication cohorts (permutationP= 9.999E-05). The corresponding module gene sets were significantly enriched for differential expression in obese subjects in both replication cohorts (eachP< 0.05).ConclusionsOur gene co-expression network profiles thus implicate multiple interrelated pathways in the biology of an important endotype of obese asthma.Key MessagesWe hypothesized that individuals with asthma complicated by obesity had distinct blood gene expression signatures.Gene co-expression network analysis implicated several inflammatory biological pathways in one form of obese asthma.Capsule SummaryThis work addresses a knowledge gap about the molecular relationship between asthma and obesity, suggesting that an endotype of obese asthma, known as asthma complicated by obesity, is underpinned by coherent biological mechanisms.AbbreviationsCAMPChildhood Asthma Management ProgramWGCNAweighted gene co-expression network analysisAsthma BRIDGEAsthma BioRepository for Integrative Genomic ExplorationGACRSGenetics of Asthma in Costa Rica StudyCHSSouthern California Children’s Health StudyBMIbody mass indexBICBayes Information CriterionHUGOHuman Genome OrganisationPCprincipal componentGSEAgene set enrichment analysisIL-1interleukin-1Hh signalingHedgehog signaling
Published: 2018

9. An Integrative Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Study of Lung Function in Children With Asthma

Author: Michael J. McGeachie, Kevin Bullock, Damien C. Croteau-Chonka, Scott T. Weiss, Clary B. Clish, Juan C. Celedón, Rachel S. Kelly, Bo L. Chawes, Kevin Blighe, Yamini V. Virkud, and Jessica Lasky-Su
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Costa Rica, Male, Adolescent, Genotype, Metabolite, Population, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Computational biology, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, 03 medical and health sciences, FEV1/FVC ratio, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Metabolomics, Metabolome, Medicine, SNP, Humans, Gene Regulatory Networks, education, Child, Alleles, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Membrane Proteins, Lipid metabolism, Asthma, respiratory tract diseases, Respiratory Function Tests, 030104 developmental biology, 030228 respiratory system, chemistry, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Transcriptome
Abstract: Background Single omic analyses have provided some insight into the basis of lung function in children with asthma, but the underlying biologic pathways are still poorly understood. Methods Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify modules of coregulated gene transcripts and metabolites in blood among 325 children with asthma from the Genetic Epidemiology of Asthma in Costa Rica study. The biology of modules associated with lung function as measured by FEV1, the FEV1/FVC ratio, bronchodilator response, and airway responsiveness to methacholine was explored. Significantly correlated gene-metabolite module pairs were then identified, and their constituent features were analyzed for biologic pathway enrichments. Results WGCNA clustered 25,060 gene probes and 8,185 metabolite features into eight gene modules and eight metabolite modules, where four and six, respectively, were associated with lung function (P ≤ .05). The gene modules were enriched for immune, mitotic, and metabolic processes and asthma-associated microRNA targets. The metabolite modules were enriched for lipid and amino acid metabolism. Integration of correlated gene-metabolite modules expanded the single omic findings, linking the FEV1/FVC ratio with ORMDL3 and dysregulated lipid metabolism. This finding was replicated in an independent population. Conclusions The results of this hypothesis-generating study suggest a mechanistic basis for multiple asthma genes, including ORMDL3, and a role for lipid metabolism. They demonstrate that integrating multiple omic technologies may provide a more informative picture of asthmatic lung function biology than single omic analyses.
Published: 2018

10. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for body fat distribution in 694,649 individuals of European ancestry

Author: Jian Yang, Loic Yengo, Craig A. Glastonbury, Robin N Beaumont, Sara L. Pulit, Damien C. Croteau-Chonka, Peter M. Visscher, Samuel E. Jones, Charli Stoneman, Teresa Ferreira, Ruth J. F. Loos, Hanieh Yaghootkar, Joel N. Hirschhorn, Timothy M. Frayling, Jessica Tyrrell, Yingjie Ji, Thomas W. Winkler, Andrew R. Wood, Andrew T. Hattersley, Eirini Marouli, Andrew P. Morris, and Cecilia M. Lindgren
Subjects: Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Genome-wide association study, Disease, Biology, Heritability, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Meta-analysis, medicine, Allele, Metabolic syndrome, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, 030304 developmental biology, Body fat distribution
Abstract: One in four adults worldwide are either overweight or obese. Epidemiological studies indicate that the location and distribution of excess fat, rather than general adiposity, is most informative for predicting risk of obesity sequellae, including cardiometabolic disease and cancer. We performed a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of body fat distribution, measured by waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI (WHRadjBMI), and identified 463 signals in 346 loci. Heritability and variant effects were generally stronger in women than men, and we found approximately one-third of all signals to be sexually dimorphic. The 5% of individuals carrying the most WHRadjBMI-increasing alleles were 1.62 times more likely than the bottom 5% to have a WHR above the thresholds used for metabolic syndrome. These data, made publicly available, will inform the biology of body fat distribution and its relationship with disease.
Published: 2018

11. TREM-1 Response Signatures Common to Expression Profiles of Both Asthma Affection and Asthma Control

Author: Damien C. Croteau-Chonka and Benjamin A. Raby
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, media_common.quotation_subject, Asthma severity, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Asthma control, Affection, Gene expression, medicine, Humans, Receptors, Immunologic, Asthma, media_common, business.industry, Gene Expression Profiling, medicine.disease, Microarray Analysis, Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1, 030104 developmental biology, 030228 respiratory system, Expression (architecture), Immunology, business
Published: 2018

12. The metabolomics of asthma control: a promising link between genetics and disease

Author: Jessica H. Savage, Amber Dahlin, Damien C. Croteau-Chonka, Scott Weiss, Andrew H. Liu, Amal Al-Garawi, Weiliang Qiu, Ann Chen Wu, Benjamin A. Raby, Fernando D. Martinez, Jessica Lasky-Su, Michael J. McGeachie, Robert C. Strunk, Emily S. Wan, Clary B. Clish, Joanne E. Sordillo, and Robert F. Lemanske
Subjects: Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Pathophysiology of asthma, business.industry, Immunology, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Disease, medicine.disease, Bioinformatics, Omics, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Metabolomics, 030228 respiratory system, Genotype, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Epigenetics, business, 030304 developmental biology, Asthma
Abstract: Short-acting β agonists (e.g., albuterol) are the most commonly used medications for asthma, a disease that affects over 300 million people in the world. Metabolomic profiling of asthmatics taking β agonists presents a new and promising resource for identifying the molecular determinants of asthma control. The objective is to identify novel genetic and biochemical predictors of asthma control using an integrative “omics” approach. We generated lipidomic data by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS), using plasma samples from 20 individuals with asthma. The outcome of interest was a binary indicator of asthma control defined by the use of albuterol inhalers in the preceding week. We integrated metabolomic data with genome-wide genotype, gene expression, and methylation data of this cohort to identify genomic and molecular indicators of asthma control. A Conditional Gaussian Bayesian Network (CGBN) was generated using the strongest predictors from each of these analyses. Integrative and metabolic pathway over-representation analyses (ORA) identified enrichment of known biological pathways within the strongest molecular determinants. Of the 64 metabolites measured, 32 had known identities. The CGBN model based on four SNPs (rs9522789, rs7147228, rs2701423, rs759582) and two metabolites—monoHETE_0863 and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) could predict asthma control with an AUC of 95%. Integrative ORA identified 17 significantly enriched pathways related to cellular immune response, interferon signaling, and cytokine-related signaling, for which arachidonic acid, PGE2 and S1P, in addition to six genes (CHN1, PRKCE, GNA12, OASL, OAS1, and IFIT3) appeared to drive the pathway results. Of these predictors, S1P, GNA12, and PRKCE were enriched in the results from integrative and metabolic ORAs. Through an integrative analysis of metabolomic, genomic, and methylation data from a small cohort of asthmatics, we implicate altered metabolic pathways, related to sphingolipid metabolism, in asthma control. These results provide insight into the pathophysiology of asthma control.
Published: 2015

13. Novel eosinophilic gene expression networks associated with IgE in two distinct asthma populations

Author: Lydiana Avila, Rachel S. Kelly, Jessica Lasky-Su, Damien C. Croteau-Chonka, Yamini V. Virkud, Amber Dahlin, Benjamin A. Raby, Scott T. Weiss, and Juan C. Celedón
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Network medicine, Costa Rica, Male, Immunology, Interleukin 5 receptor alpha subunit, Gene regulatory network, Gene Expression, Disease, Immunoglobulin E, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Eosinophilia, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Humans, Gene Regulatory Networks, Child, Gene, Asthma, biology, Gene Expression Profiling, Computational Biology, CEBPE, medicine.disease, Eosinophils, 030104 developmental biology, Gene Ontology, 030228 respiratory system, Gene Expression Regulation, biology.protein, Female
Abstract: Background Asthma represents a significant public health burden; however, novel biological therapies targeting immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated pathways have widened clinical treatment options for the disease. Objective In this study, we sought to identify gene transcripts and gene networks involved in the determination of serum IgE levels in people with asthma that can help inform the development of novel therapeutic agents. Methods We analysed gene expression data from a cross-sectional study of 326 Costa Rican children with asthma, aged 6 to 12 years, from the Genetics of Asthma in Costa Rica Study and 610 young adults with asthma, aged 16 to 25 years, from the Childhood Asthma Management Program trial. We utilized differential gene expression analysis and performed weighted gene coexpression network analysis on 25 060 genes, to identify gene transcripts and network modules associated with total IgE, adjusting for age and gender. We used pathway enrichment analyses to identify key biological pathways underlying significant modules. We compared findings that replicated between both populations. Results We identified 31 transcripts associated with total IgE that replicated between the two study cohorts. These results were notable for increased eosinophil-related transcripts (including IL5RA, CLC, SMPD3, CCL23 and CEBPE). Pathway enrichment identified the regulation of T cell tolerance as important in the determination of total IgE levels, supporting a key role for IDO1. Conclusions and clinical relevance These results provide robust evidence that biologically meaningful gene expression profiles (relating to eosinophilic and regulatory T cell pathways in particular) associated with total IgE levels can be identified in individuals diagnosed with asthma during childhood. These profiles and their constituent genes may represent novel therapeutic targets.
Published: 2017

14. Gene Expression Profiling in Blood Provides Reproducible Molecular Insights into Asthma Control

Author: Joshua Millstein, Vincent J. Carey, W. James Gauderman, Benjamin A. Raby, Albino Barraza-Villarreal, Fernando D. Martinez, Edward T. Naureckas, Jerry A. Krishnan, Damien C. Croteau-Chonka, Dan L. Nicolae, Carole Ober, Scott T. Weiss, Stephanie J. London, Kathleen C. Barnes, Andrew H. Liu, Frank D. Gilliland, Steven R. White, Robert C. Strunk, Weiliang Qiu, and Robert F. Lemanske
Subjects: Adult, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Exacerbation, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Transcriptome, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, immune system diseases, medicine, Humans, Young adult, Precision Medicine, Asthma, Whole blood, Regulation of gene expression, business.industry, Gene Expression Profiling, Editorials, Original Articles, medicine.disease, respiratory tract diseases, Gene expression profiling, 030104 developmental biology, Gene Expression Regulation, 030228 respiratory system, Cohort, Immunology, Female, business
Abstract: Maintaining optimal symptom control remains the primary objective of asthma treatment. Better understanding of the biologic underpinnings of asthma control may lead to the development of improved clinical and pharmaceutical approaches.To identify molecular pathways and interrelated genes whose differential expression was associated with asthma control.We performed gene set enrichment analyses of asthma control in 1,170 adults with asthma, each with gene expression data derived from either whole blood (WB) or unstimulated CD4In the WB discovery cohort, we found significant overrepresentation of genes associated with asthma control in 1,106 gene sets from the Molecular Signatures Database (false discovery rate,5%). Of these, 583 (53%) replicated in at least one replication cohort (false discovery rate,25%). Suboptimal control was associated with signatures of eosinophilic and granulocytic inflammatory signals, whereas optimal control signatures were enriched for immature lymphocytic patterns. These signatures included two related biologic processes related to activation by TREM-1 (triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1) and lipopolysaccharide.Together, these results demonstrate the existence of specific, reproducible transcriptomic components in blood that vary with degree of asthma control and implicate a novel biologic target (TREM-1).
Published: 2017

15. Integration of metabolomic and transcriptomic networks in pregnant women reveals biological pathways and predictive signatures associated with preeclampsia

Author: Amal Al-Garawi, Ann Chen Wu, Michael J. McGeachie, Joanne E. Sordillo, Vincent J. Carey, Damien C. Croteau-Chonka, Rachel S. Kelly, Jessica Lasky-Su, Weiliang Qiu, Emily S. Wan, Scott T. Weiss, Hooman Mirzakhani, Augusto A. Litonjua, Clary B. Clish, Thomas F. McElrath, Amber Dahlin, and Kathryn J. Gray
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Fetus, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Metabolite, Clinical Biochemistry, Area under the curve, Gestational age, Biology, Omics, medicine.disease, Bioinformatics, Logistic regression, Biochemistry, Article, Preeclampsia, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Metabolomics, chemistry, medicine
Abstract: Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and fetal mortality worldwide, yet its exact pathogenesis remains elusive. This study, nested within the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDAART), aimed to develop integrated omics models of preeclampsia that have utility in both prediction and in the elucidation of underlying biological mechanisms. Metabolomic profiling was performed on first trimester plasma samples of 47 pregnant women from VDAART who subsequently developed preeclampsia and 62 controls with healthy pregnancies, using liquid-chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry. Metabolomic profiles were generated based on logistic regression models and assessed using Received Operator Characteristic Curve analysis. These profiles were compared to profiles from generated using third trimester samples. The first trimester metabolite profile was then integrated with a pre-existing transcriptomic profile using network methods. In total, 72 (0.9%) metabolite features were associated (p
Published: 2016

16. Limited statistical evidence for shared genetic effects of eQTLs and autoimmune-disease-associated loci in three major immune-cell types

Author: Philip L. De Jager, Benjamin A. Raby, Shamil R. Sunyaev, Chris Cotsapas, Damien C. Croteau-Chonka, Nikolaos A. Patsopoulos, Alexandra Casparino, and Sung Chun
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Quantitative Trait Loci, Population genetics, Gene Expression, Genome-wide association study, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, Autoimmune Diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene expression, Genetics, Humans, Gene Regulatory Networks, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Epigenomics, Genetic association, Regulation of gene expression, Immunity, Chromatin, 030104 developmental biology, Expression quantitative trait loci, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: Most autoimmune-disease-risk effects identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) localize to open chromatin with gene-regulatory activity. GWAS loci are also enriched in expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs), thus suggesting that most risk variants alter gene expression. However, because causal variants are difficult to identify, and cis-eQTLs occur frequently, it remains challenging to identify specific instances of disease-relevant changes to gene regulation. Here, we used a novel joint likelihood framework with higher resolution than that of previous methods to identify loci where autoimmune-disease risk and an eQTL are driven by a single shared genetic effect. Using eQTLs from three major immune subpopulations, we found shared effects in only ∼25% of the loci examined. Thus, we show that a fraction of gene-regulatory changes suggest strong mechanistic hypotheses for disease risk, but we conclude that most risk mechanisms are not likely to involve changes in basal gene expression.
Published: 2016

17. Across-cohort QC analyses of genome-wide association study summary statistics from complex traits

Author: Matthew R. Robinson, Adam E. Locke, Peter M. Visscher, Andrew R. Wood, Loos Rjf., Guo-Bo Chen, Zhi-Xiang Zhu, Jian Yang, Naomi R. Wray, Maciej Trzaskowski, Zoltán Kutalik, Sang Hong Lee, Timothy M. Frayling, Damien C. Croteau-Chonka, Joel N. Hirschhorn, Felix R. Day, and Thomas W. Winkler
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, Concordance, Genome-wide association study, Sample (statistics), Biology, computer.software_genre, Statistical power, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Outlier, Cohort, Statistics, Data mining, computer, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Statistic, 030304 developmental biology, Genetic association
Abstract: Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have been successful in discovering replicable SNP-trait associations for many quantitative traits and common diseases in humans. Typically the effect sizes of SNP alleles are very small and this has led to large genome-wide association meta-analyses (GWAMA) to maximize statistical power. A trend towards ever-larger GWAMA is likely to continue, yet dealing with summary statistics from hundreds of cohorts increases logistical and quality control problems, including unknown sample overlap, and these can lead to both false positive and false negative findings. In this study we propose a new set of metrics and visualization tools for GWAMA, using summary statistics from cohort-level GWASs. We proposed a pair of methods in examining the concordance between demographic information and summary statistics. In method I, we use the population genetics Fststatistic to verify the genetic origin of each cohort and their geographic location, and demonstrate using GWAMA data from the GIANT Consortium that geographic locations of cohorts can be recovered and outlier cohorts can be detected. In method II, we conduct principal component analysis based on reported allele frequencies, and is able to recover the ancestral information for each cohort. In addition, we propose a new statistic that uses the reported allelic effect sizes and their standard errors to identify significant sample overlap or heterogeneity between pairs of cohorts. Finally, to quantify unknown sample overlap across all pairs of cohorts we propose a method that uses randomly generated genetic predictors that does not require the sharing of individual-level genotype data and does not breach individual privacy.
Published: 2015

18. Role of local CpG DNA methylation in mediating the 17q21 asthma susceptibility gasdermin B (GSDMB)/ORMDL sphingolipid biosynthesis regulator 3 (ORMDL3) expression quantitative trait locus

Author: W. James Gauderman, Albino Barraza-Villarreal, Andrew H. Liu, Fernando D. Martinez, Jerry A. Krishnan, Steven R. White, Scott T. Weiss, Robert F. Lemanske, Benjamin A. Raby, Carole Ober, Damien C. Croteau-Chonka, Edward T. Naureckas, Stephanie J. London, Frank D. Gilliland, Dan L. Nicolae, Parul H. Kothari, Vincent J. Carey, Weiliang Qiu, Joshua Millstein, and Kathleen C. Barnes
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Regulation of gene expression, Genetics, Immunology, Methylation, Quantitative trait locus, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, ORMDL sphingolipid biosynthesis regulator 3, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, 030228 respiratory system, CpG site, Genotype, DNA methylation, Expression quantitative trait loci, Immunology and Allergy
Published: 2018

19. Biological, clinical and population relevance of 95 loci for blood lipids

Author: Richard N. Bergman, Markku S. Nieminen, Peter Vollenweider, André G. Uitterlinden, Luigi Ferrucci, Iris M. Heid, Lynda M. Rose, Brenda W.J.H. Penninx, Nicholas G. Martin, Joshua C. Bis, Aaron Isaacs, Jaspal S. Kooner, Gavin Lucas, Caroline Hayward, Masahiro Koseki, Andrew A. Hicks, Maja Barbalić, Marju Orho-Melander, Xueling Sim, James Scott, Manjinder S. Sandhu, Damien C. Croteau-Chonka, Andreas Ziegler, Wilmar Igi, Igor Rudan, Aki S. Havulinna, Leslie A. Lange, Hilma Holm, James G. Wilson, Albert V. Smith, Chiara Sabatti, Candace Guiducci, Paul Elliott, A. Cecile J.W. Janssens, Dorret I. Boomsma, Harry Campbell, Lee M. Kaplan, Ruth J. F. Loos, Robert Luben, Veikko Salomaa, Kyunga Kim, James F. Wilson, Mark Seielstad, Ben A. Oostra, Robert Y.L. Zee, Talin Haritunians, Stacey Gabriel, Michael Boehnke, Ida Surakka, Alex N. Parker, Serena Sanna, Fabio Marroni, Leif Groop, Ingrid B. Borecki, Weihua Zhang, John R. Thompson, Paul M. Ridker, James P. Pirruccello, Nicole Soranzo, Ulf Gyllensten, G. Kees Hovingh, Jian'an Luan, Wendy L. McArdle, Alistair S. Hall, Yurii S. Aulchenko, Thomas Meitinger, John Whitfield, Gonçalo R. Abecasis, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Tien Yin Wong, Deborah A. Nickerson, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Kijoung Song, Reijo Laaksonen, Jeanette Erdmann, Daniel J. Rader, Jing Hua Zhao, Irene Pichler, Robert A. Hegele, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Guillaume Paré, Juha Sinisalo, Andrew C. Edmondson, Peter P. Pramstaller, E-Shyong Tai, Vilmundur Gudnason, Linda S. Adair, Min Jin Go, Heather M. Stringham, Nancy L. Pedersen, Bruce M. Psaty, Åsa Johansson, Guillaume Lettre, Tamara B. Harris, Christian Gieger, Toby Johnson, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Samuli Ripatti, Johannes H. Smit, Sigrid W. Fouchier, Gonneke Willemsen, Mark J. Rieder, Nicholas D. Hastie, Leena Peltonen, Jacqueline C. M. Witteman, David Schlessinger, Kiran Musunuru, Eric Boerwinkle, Kay-Tee Khaw, Massimo Mangino, Themistocles L. Assimes, Claudia Langenberg, Yoon Shin Cho, Elena Gonzalez, Eric J.G. Sijbrands, Toshiko Tanaka, Inês Barroso, Vincent Mooser, Eco J. C. de Geus, Karen L. Mohlke, Jaakko Kaprio, Eric E. Schadt, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Nelson B. Freimer, H.-Erich Wichmann, Francis S. Collins, Grant W. Montgomery, John J.P. Kastelein, Inke R. Koenig, Xiuqing Guo, Ruth McPherson, Benjamin F. Voight, Stefania Bandinelli, Sally L. Ricketts, S. Matthijs Boekholdt, Xin Yuan, David Altshuler, Marja-Liisa Lokki, Lori L. Bonnycastle, Aimo Ruokonen, Noël P. Burtt, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Markus Perola, Edward G. Lakatta, Serkalem Demissie, Kenechi Ejebe, Muredach P. Reilly, Florian Kronenberg, Panagiotis Deloukas, Gabriel Crawford, Lenore J. Launer, David P. Strachan, Xiaohui Li, Christian Hengstenberg, Olle Melander, Juha Saharinen, Ulf de Faire, Joshua D. Smith, Heribert Schunkert, Thomas Quertermous, Young Jin Kim, Alan R. Tall, Anna F. Dominiczak, Nicholas J. Wareham, Robert Roberts, Mark J. Caulfield, Tanya M. Teslovich, Daniel I. Chasman, Manuela Uda, Jong-Young Lee, Erik Ingelsson, Christopher W. Kuzawa, Jerome I. Rotter, Gina M. Peloso, Christie M. Ballantyne, Mingyao Li, Alan F. Wright, Albert Hofman, Angelo Scuteri, Rick Twee-Hee Ong, L. Adrienne Cupples, Taesung Park, Veronique Vitart, Kaisa Silander, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Kari Stefansson, Christopher J. O'Donnell, Mary F. Feitosa, Tim D. Spector, Mark I. McCarthy, Nilesh J. Samani, Christopher T. Johansen, David Masson, Cristian Pattaro, Ioannis M. Stylianou, Angela Doering, Patricia B. Munroe, Herman A. Taylor, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, John C. Chambers, Claudia Lamina, Sekar Kathiresan, Dawn M. Waterworth, Jose M. Ordovas, Alan B. Feranil, Cristen J. Willer, Kirsten Ohm Kyvik, Gérard Waeber, Ronald M. Krauss, Medical Research Council (MRC), Psychiatry, EMGO - Mental health, NCA - Anxiety & Depression, Biological Psychology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam - Anxiety & Depression, EMGO+ - Mental Health, Experimental Vascular Medicine, Vascular Medicine, ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiology, Epidemiology, Internal Medicine, and Clinical Genetics
Subjects: Male, Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), genetics/metabolism, Blood lipids, Genome-wide association study, KLF14, Coronary Artery Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, blood/genetics/therapy, DISEASE, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mice, African Americans, genetics, Animals, Asian Continental Ancestry Group, genetics, Cholesterol, HDL, blood, Cholesterol, LDL, blood, Coronary Artery Disease, blood/genetics/therapy, Europe, ethnology, European Continental Ancestry Group, genetics, Female, Genetic Loci, genetics, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Lipid Metabolism, genetics, Lipids, blood, Liver, metabolism, Male, Mice, N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases, genetics/metabolism, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, genetics, Protein Phosphatase 1, genetics/metabolism, Reproducibility of Results, Triglycerides, blood, 0302 clinical medicine, Protein Phosphatase 1, genetics, Genetics, RISK, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, CHOLESTEROL, Genomics, Lipids, 3. Good health, Multidisciplinary Sciences, Europe, Phenotype, Liver, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, Science & Technology - Other Topics, N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases, Female, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), lipids, gwas, TRAITS, Asian Continental Ancestry Group, Genotype, General Science & Technology, Population, European Continental Ancestry Group, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, White People, 03 medical and health sciences, Asian People, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Animals, Humans, Polymorphism, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, education, Triglycerides, 030304 developmental biology, ethnology, Science & Technology, Cholesterol, Cholesterol, HDL, Reproducibility of Results, Lipid metabolism, Cholesterol, LDL, Lipid Metabolism, SCARB1, Black or African American, chemistry, Genetic Loci, metabolism, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: Plasma concentrations of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides are among the most important risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) and are targets for therapeutic intervention. We screened the genome for common variants associated with plasma lipids in >100,000 individuals of European ancestry. Here we report 95 significantly associated loci (P-8), with 59 showing genome-wide significant association with lipid traits for the first time. The newly reported associations include single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near known lipid regulators (for example, CYP7A1, NPC1L1 and SCARB1) as well as in scores of loci not previously implicated in lipoprotein metabolism. The 95 loci contribute not only to normal variation in lipid traits but also to extreme lipid phenotypes and have an impact on lipid traits in three non-European populations (East Asians, South Asians and African Americans). Our results identify several novel loci associated with plasma lipids that are also associated with CAD. Finally, we validated three of the novel genes-GALNT2, PPP1R3B and TTC39B-with experiments in mouse models. Taken together, our findings provide the foundation to develop a broader biological understanding of lipoprotein metabolism and to identify new therapeutic opportunities for the prevention of CAD. © 2010 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.
Published: 2010

20. Trans-ethnic fine-mapping of lipid loci identifies population-specific signals and allelic heterogeneity that increases the trait variance explained

Author: Tzung-Dau Wang, Jaana Lindström, Thomas Quertermous, Chao A. Hsiung, Timo A. Lakka, Yun Ju Sung, Petra Bůžková, Yi-Jen Hung, Jyh-Ming Jimmy Juang, Low-Tone Ho, Steven C. Hunt, Dana C. Crawford, Mark Leppert, David Duggan, Linda S. Adair, Eric Boerwinkle, I-Te Lee, Wen-Jane Lee, Anne U. Jackson, Francis S. Collins, Fred Schumacher, Jerome I. Rotter, Ulrike Peters, Jennifer G. Robinson, Rainer Rauramaa, Johanna Kuusisto, Leena Kinnunen, Wen Chang Wang, Kari E. North, Damien C. Croteau-Chonka, Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu, Christopher A. Haiman, Cara L. Carty, Kristian Hveem, Loic Le Marchand, Michael Boehnke, Steven Buyske, Eric Kim, Pirjo Komulainen, Donna K. Arnett, Matti Uusitupa, Inger Njølstad, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Logan Dumitrescu, Devin Absher, Alicia M. Young, Markku Laakso, Tom Wilsgaard, Antero Kesäniemi, Karen L. Mohlke, Themistocles L. Assimes, Lucia A. Hindorff, Nora Franceschini, Aravinda Chakravarti, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Tara C. Matise, Iona Cheng, Alan B. Feranil, Brian E. Henderson, Ying Wu, Christie M. Ballantyne, Jouko Sundvall, Amy J. Swift, Lindsay L. Waite, Lynne R. Wilkens, Oddgeir Lingaas-Holmen, Charles B. Eaton, Lori L. Bonnycastle, Charles Kooperberg, Sabrina L. Mitchell, Yi-Chieh Lin, Narisu Narisu, Leena Moilanen, Xiuqing Guo, Alena Stančáková, Jouko Saramies, and Barbara Cochran
Subjects: Cancer Research, VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Basale medisinske, odontologiske og veterinærmedisinske fag: 710::Medisinsk genetikk: 714, lcsh:QH426-470, Locus (genetics), Genome-wide association study, VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Basic medical, dental and veterinary science disciplines: 710::Medical genetics: 714, Biology, White People, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetics, Humans, VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Basic medical, dental and veterinary science disciplines: 710::Medical molecular biology: 711, Molecular Biology, Genotyping, Genetics (clinical), Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Apolipoproteins A, Triglycerides, 030304 developmental biology, Genetic association, 0303 health sciences, 030305 genetics & heredity, Haplotype, Cholesterol, HDL, Serine Endopeptidases, Cholesterol, LDL, Heritability, Explained variation, Black or African American, Lipoproteins, LDL, lcsh:Genetics, Apolipoprotein A-V, Genetics of Disease, Allelic heterogeneity, Proprotein Convertases, Proprotein Convertase 9, Lipoproteins, HDL, VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Basale medisinske, odontologiske og veterinærmedisinske fag: 710::Medisinsk molekylærbiologi: 711, Genome-Wide Association Study, Research Article
Abstract: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified ∼100 loci associated with blood lipid levels, but much of the trait heritability remains unexplained, and at most loci the identities of the trait-influencing variants remain unknown. We conducted a trans-ethnic fine-mapping study at 18, 22, and 18 GWAS loci on the Metabochip for their association with triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), respectively, in individuals of African American (n = 6,832), East Asian (n = 9,449), and European (n = 10,829) ancestry. We aimed to identify the variants with strongest association at each locus, identify additional and population-specific signals, refine association signals, and assess the relative significance of previously described functional variants. Among the 58 loci, 33 exhibited evidence of association at P, Author Summary Lipid traits are heritable, but many of the DNA variants that influence lipid levels remain unknown. In a genomic region, more than one variant may affect gene expression or function, and the frequencies of these variants can differ across populations. Genotyping densely spaced variants in individuals with different ancestries may increase the chance of identifying variants that affect gene expression or function. We analyzed high-density genotyped variants for association with TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C in African Americans, East Asians, and Europeans. At several genomic regions, we provide evidence that two or more variants can influence lipid traits; across loci, these additional signals increase the proportion of trait variation that can be explained by genes. At some association signals shared across populations, combining data from individuals of different ancestries narrowed the set of likely functional variants. At PCSK9 and APOA5, the data suggest that different variants influence trait levels in different populations. Variants previously reported to alter gene expression or function frequently exhibited the strongest association at those signals. The multiple signals and population-specific characteristics of the loci described here may be shared by genetic loci for other complex traits.
Published: 2013

21. Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies 11 new loci for anthropometric traits and provides insights into genetic architecture

Author: Zhaoming Wang, André Scherag, James F. Wilson, Nancy L. Heard-Costa, Ingrid B. Borecki, Sang Hong Lee, Veronique Vitart, Zoltán Kutalik, Jeffrey R. O'Connell, Mieke D. Trip, Lu Qi, Peter Vollenweider, Jennifer L. Bragg-Gresham, Davide Gentilini, Kees Hovingh, Lynda M. Rose, Carolin Pütter, Martin Farrall, Albert V. Smith, Nicholas G. Martin, Tõnu Esko, David J. Hunter, Georg Homuth, Liming Liang, Yudi Pawitan, Winfried März, George Dedoussis, Irene Mateo Leach, Nicholas J. Wareham, Lars Lind, Thomas Illig, Andrew P. Morris, Daniele Cusi, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Tove Fall, Themistocles L. Assimes, Massimo Mangino, Dmitry Shungin, Kari Stefansson, Anne U. Jackson, Inês Barroso, Sarah E. Medland, Lude Franke, Karen L. Mohlke, Folkert W. Asselbergs, Sarah E. Hunt, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Pablo V. Gejman, Serena Sanna, Mark I. McCarthy, David M. Evans, Joel N. Hirschhorn, Alan F. Wright, Sarah H. Wild, Patricia B. Munroe, Marcel Bruinenberg, Gonneke Willemsen, Ulf de Faire, Markku Laakso, Marja-Liisa Lokki, Andrew C. Heath, Jing Hua Zhao, Lavinia Paternoster, Jana V. van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Sailaja Vedantam, Danyu Lin, Eric E. Schadt, Stefano Signorini, Harald Grallert, Tsegaselassie Workalemahu, Jonathan Tyrer, Albert Hofman, George Nicholson, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Arthur W. Musk, Jian Yang, Vilmundur Gudnason, Robert C. Kaplan, Panos Deloukas, Nilesh J. Samani, Inke R. König, Frank B. Hu, Paul M. Ridker, Tamara B. Harris, Bruce H. R. Wolffenbuttel, Ellen A. Nohr, Sarah Edkins, Lambertus A. Kiemeney, Anke Hinney, Eric Boerwinkle, Klaus Stark, Ben A. Oostra, Barbara Thorand, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Meena Kumari, Evelin Mihailov, Caroline S. Fox, Michael Boehnke, Aroon D. Hingorani, Jonathan Stephens, Kathleen Stirrups, Inga Prokopenko, Anke Tönjes, Lili Milani, John Beilby, Carlos Iribarren, Kari E. North, Cécile Lecoeur, So-Youn Shin, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Matti Uusitupa, Åsa Johansson, Nancy L. Pedersen, Krista Fischer, Fernando Rivadeneira, Wolfgang Koenig, Fredrik Karpe, Antti Jula, Lindsay L. Waite, Gérard Waeber, Mustafa Atalay, Heribert Schunkert, Narisu Narisu, Sita H. Vermeulen, Bernhard R. Winkelmann, Guo Li, Anders Hamsten, Elizabeth K. Speliotes, Ivonne Jarick, Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, L. Adrienne Cupples, Ruth J. F. Loos, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, David-Alexandre Trégouët, Claudia Langenberg, Willem H. Ouwehand, Julius S. Ngwa, Jennifer E. Huffman, H-Erich Wichmann, Amy J. Swift, Marco M Ferrario, Leif Groop, Henrik Grönberg, Peter M. Visscher, Claes Ohlsson, Markku S. Nieminen, Aparna Radhakrishnan, Harold Snieder, Devin Absher, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Erik Ingelsson, Anna Maria Di Blasio, M. Carola Zillikens, Veikko Salomaa, Colin N. A. Palmer, Lori L. Bonnycastle, Teresa Ferreira, Ronald P. Stolk, Annette Peters, Philippe Froguel, Michael Stumvoll, David Schlessinger, Maria Dimitriou, Timo Saaristo, Cristen J. Willer, Jarmo Virtamo, Jorma Viikari, Alena Stančáková, Mika Kivimäki, Paolo Brambilla, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Dorret I. Boomsma, Harry Campbell, Jianjun Liu, Daniel I. Chasman, Gonçalo R. Abecasis, Ilja M. Nolte, Karl-Heinz Jöckel, Reedik Mägi, Pamela A. F. Madden, Jaana Laitinen, Sonja I. Berndt, Frank Kee, Marcus E. Kleber, Jacqueline C.M. Witteman, Jouko Saramies, Francis S. Collins, Johan G. Eriksson, Melanie M. van der Klauw, Yi-Juan Hu, John F. Peden, Markus Perola, Henri Wallaschofski, Jean Ferrières, Elena Tremoli, Marjolein J. Peters, Olli T. Raitakari, Claudia Lamina, Sekar Kathiresan, Mary F. Feitosa, Diana Kuh, Tim D. Spector, Paul W. Franks, Gerjan Navis, Martin den Heijer, Christian Gieger, Kevin B. Jacobs, Andrea Ganna, Timothy M. Frayling, Iris M. Heid, Bernhard O. Boehm, Eleanor Wheeler, Sonali Pechlivanis, Miriam F. Moffatt, Brenda W.J.H. Penninx, Anna-Liisa Hartikainen, Augusto Rendon, Stefan Schreiber, Stephen J. Chanock, Andrew R. Wood, Jianxin Shi, Najaf Amin, Lenore J. Launer, Michael A. Province, Jeanette Erdmann, Mattias Lorentzon, Hugh Watkins, Johanna Kuusisto, John-Olov Jansson, David P. Strachan, Anne E. Justice, Toby Johnson, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Niina Eklund, Samuli Ripatti, Aarno Palotie, Aldi T. Kraja, Michael Preuss, Rona J. Strawbridge, Ozren Polasek, Elisabeth Widen, Barbara McKnight, Mariano Dei, Vincent Mooser, Josine L. Min, Caroline Hayward, Mika Kähönen, Peter P. Pramstaller, Femmie de Vegt, Rainer Rauramaa, Douglas F. Levinson, Diana Marek, Antonio Liuzzi, Stefan Gustafsson, Andrew A. Hicks, Gemma Cadby, Damien C. Croteau-Chonka, Mark J. Caulfield, Boris Skrobek, Lyle J. Palmer, Alexander Teumer, Ken K. Ong, Ulf Gyllensten, Anneli Pouta, Anuj Goel, Eva Albrecht, Kristian Hveem, Inger Njølstad, David Meyre, Ida Surakka, Francesca Frau, Paolo Manunta, Sabine Schipf, Carolina Medina-Gomez, Kay-Tee Khaw, Alan R. Sanders, Thorkild I. A. Sørensen, André G. Uitterlinden, Alistair S. Hall, Felix R. Day, Karol Estrada, Jennifer G. Sambrook, Eirini V. Theodoraki, Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Talin Haritunian, Benjamin M. Neale, Juha Sinisalo, Kati Kristiansson, Thomas W. Winkler, Pim van der Harst, Peter S. Chines, Joyce B. J. van Meurs, Wendy L. McArdle, Andrew Wong, Grant W. Montgomery, Terho Lehtimäki, Igor Rudan, Keri L. Monda, John M. C. Connell, Jian'an Luan, Per Hall, Joshua C. Randall, Anthony J. Balmforth, Chris Power, Philippe Amouyel, Andres Metspalu, Johannes Hebebrand, Andrew D. Morris, Jaana Lindström, Liesbeth Vandenput, William O.C.M. Cookson, Hanneke Basart, Stavroula Kanoni, Elina Hyppönen, Christian Hengstenberg, Thomas W. Mühleisen, Kari Kuulasmaa, Timo A. Lakka, Nicole Soranzo, Bruce M. Psaty, Antony P. Attwood, Epidemiology, Clinical Genetics, Surgery, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Public Health, Internal Medicine, Immunology, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, Internal medicine, Psychiatry, NCA - Brain mechanisms in health and disease, NCA - Neurobiology of mental health, EMGO - Lifestyle, overweight and diabetes, ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiology, Other departments, Vascular Medicine, Biological Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, AIMMS, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam - Neurobiology of Mental Health, EMGO+ - Lifestyle, Overweight and Diabetes, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam - Brain Mechanisms in Health & Disease, Berndt, S, Gustafsson, S, Mägi, R, Ganna, A, Wheeler, E, Feitosa, M, Justice, A, Monda, K, Croteau Chonka, D, Day, F, Esko, T, Fall, T, Ferreira, T, Gentilini, D, Jackson, A, Luan, J, Randall, J, Vedantam, S, Willer, C, Winkler, T, Wood, A, Workalemahu, T, Hu, Y, Lee, S, Liang, L, Lin, D, Min, J, Neale, B, Thorleifsson, G, Yang, J, Albrecht, E, Amin, N, Bragg Gresham, J, Cadby, G, den Heijer, M, Eklund, N, Fischer, K, Goel, A, Hottenga, J, Huffman, J, Jarick, I, Johansson, Å, Johnson, T, Kanoni, S, Kleber, M, König, I, Kristiansson, K, Kutalik, Z, Lamina, C, Lecoeur, C, Li, G, Mangino, M, Mcardle, W, Medina Gomez, C, Müller Nurasyid, M, Ngwa, J, Nolte, I, Paternoster, L, Pechlivanis, S, Perola, M, Peters, M, Preuss, M, Rose, L, Shi, J, Shungin, D, Smith, A, Strawbridge, R, Surakka, I, Teumer, A, Trip, M, Tyrer, J, Van Vliet Ostaptchouk, J, Vandenput, L, Waite, L, Zhao, J, Absher, D, Asselbergs, F, Atalay, M, Attwood, A, Balmforth, A, Basart, H, Beilby, J, Bonnycastle, L, Brambilla, P, Bruinenberg, M, Campbell, H, Chasman, D, Chines, P, Collins, F, Connell, J, Cookson, W, De, F, U, D, Vegt, F, Dei, M, Dimitriou, M, Edkins, S, Estrada, K, Evans, D, Farrall, M, Ferrario, M, Ferrières, J, Franke, L, Frau, F, Gejman, P, Grallert, H, Grönberg, H, Gudnason, V, Hall, A, Hall, P, Hartikainen, A, Hayward, C, Heard Costa, N, Heath, A, Hebebrand, J, Homuth, G, Hu, F, Hunt, S, Hyppönen, E, Iribarren, C, Jacobs, K, Jansson, J, Jula, A, Kähönen, M, Kathiresan, S, Kee, F, Khaw, K, Kivimäki, M, Koenig, W, Kraja, A, Kumari, M, Kuulasmaa, K, Kuusisto, J, Laitinen, J, Lakka, T, Langenberg, C, Launer, L, Lind, L, Lindström, J, Liu, J, Liuzzi, A, Lokki, M, Lorentzon, M, Madden, P, Magnusson, P, Manunta, P, Marek, D, März, W, Mateo Leach, I, Mcknight, B, Medland, S, Mihailov, E, Milani, L, Montgomery, G, Mooser, V, Mühleisen, T, Munroe, P, Musk, A, Narisu, N, Navis, G, Nicholson, G, Nohr, E, Ong, K, Oostra, B, Palmer, C, Palotie, A, Peden, J, Pedersen, N, Peters, A, Polasek, O, Pouta, A, Pramstaller, P, Prokopenko, I, Pütter, C, Radhakrishnan, A, Raitakari, O, Rendon, A, Rivadeneira, F, Rudan, I, Saaristo, T, Sambrook, J, Sanders, A, Sanna, S, Saramies, J, Schipf, S, Schreiber, S, Schunkert, H, Shin, S, Signorini, S, Sinisalo, J, Skrobek, B, Soranzo, N, Stančáková, A, Stark, K, Stephens, J, Stirrups, K, Stolk, R, Stumvoll, M, Swift, A, Theodoraki, E, Thorand, B, Tregouet, D, Tremoli, E, Van der Klauw, M, van Meurs, J, Vermeulen, S, Viikari, J, Virtamo, J, Vitart, V, Waeber, G, Wang, Z, Widén, E, Wild, S, Willemsen, G, Winkelmann, B, Witteman, J, Wolffenbuttel, B, Wong, A, Wright, A, Zillikens, M, Amouyel, P, Boehm, B, Boerwinkle, E, Boomsma, D, Caulfield, M, Chanock, S, Cupples, L, Cusi, D, Dedoussis, G, Erdmann, J, Eriksson, J, Franks, P, Froguel, P, Gieger, C, Gyllensten, U, Hamsten, A, Harris, T, Hengstenberg, C, Hicks, A, Hingorani, A, Hinney, A, Hofman, A, Hovingh, K, Hveem, K, Illig, T, Jarvelin, M, Jöckel, K, Keinanen Kiukaanniemi, S, Kiemeney, L, Kuh, D, Laakso, M, Lehtimäki, T, Levinson, D, Martin, N, Metspalu, A, Morris, A, Nieminen, M, Njølstad, I, Ohlsson, C, Oldehinkel, A, Ouwehand, W, Palmer, L, Penninx, B, Power, C, Province, M, Psaty, B, Qi, L, Rauramaa, R, Ridker, P, Ripatti, S, Salomaa, V, Samani, N, Snieder, H, Sørensen, T, Spector, T, Stefansson, K, Tönjes, A, Tuomilehto, J, Uitterlinden, A, Uusitupa, M, van der Harst, P, Vollenweider, P, Wallaschofski, H, Wareham, N, Watkins, H, Wichmann, H, Wilson, J, Abecasis, G, Assimes, T, Barroso, I, Boehnke, M, Borecki, I, Deloukas, P, Fox, C, Frayling, T, Groop, L, Haritunian, T, Heid, I, Hunter, D, Kaplan, R, Karpe, F, Moffatt, M, Mohlke, K, O'Connell, J, Pawitan, Y, Schadt, E, Schlessinger, D, Steinthorsdottir, V, Strachan, D, Thorsteinsdottir, U, Van, D, Cm, Visscher, P, Di Blasio, A, Hirschhorn, J, Lindgren, C, Meyre, D, Scherag, A, Mccarthy, M, Speliotes, E, North, K, Loos, R, Ingelsson, E, Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (CLDM), Groningen Institute for Gastro Intestinal Genetics and Immunology (3GI), Stem Cell Aging Leukemia and Lymphoma (SALL), Lifestyle Medicine (LM), Groningen Kidney Center (GKC), Vascular Ageing Programme (VAP), Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Medical Research Council (MRC), Berndt, Sonja I, Gustafsson, Stefan, Mägi, Reedik, Ganna, Andrea, Lee, Sang Hong, Hyppönen, Elina Tuulikki, Ingelsson, Erik, Berndt, Si, Feitosa, Mf, Justice, Ae, Monda, Kl, CROTEAU CHONKA, Dc, Day, Fr, Jackson, Au, Randall, Jc, Willer, Cj, Winkler, Tw, Wood, Ar, Hu, Yj, Lee, Sh, Lin, Dy, Min, Jl, Neale, Bm, BRAGG GRESHAM, Jl, DEN HEIJER, M, Hottenga, Jj, Huffman, Je, Johansson, A, Kleber, Me, König, Ir, Mcardle, Wl, MEDINA GOMEZ, C, MÜLLER NURASYID, M, Nolte, Im, Peters, Mj, Rose, Lm, Smith, Av, Strawbridge, Rj, Trip, Md, VAN VLIET OSTAPTCHOUK, Jv, Waite, Ll, Zhao, Jh, Asselbergs, Fw, Attwood, Ap, Balmforth, Aj, Bonnycastle, Ll, Chasman, Di, Connell, Jm, Cookson, Wo, DE FAIRE, U, DE VEGT, F, Evans, Dm, Ferrario, Mm, Gejman, Pv, Hartikainen, Al, HEARD COSTA, Nl, Heath, Ac, Hu, Fb, Hunt, Se, Jacobs, Kb, Jansson, Jo, Khaw, Kt, Kraja, At, Laitinen, Jh, Lakka, Ta, Launer, Lj, Lokki, Ml, Madden, Pa, Magnusson, Pk, Manunta, Paolo, MATEO LEACH, I, Medland, Se, Montgomery, Gw, Mühleisen, Tw, Munroe, Pb, Musk, Aw, Nohr, Ea, Ong, Kk, Oostra, Ba, Palmer, Cn, Peden, Jf, Pramstaller, Pp, Saaristo, Te, Sambrook, Jg, Sanders, Ar, Shin, Sy, Stephens, Jc, Stolk, Rp, Swift, Aj, Theodoraki, Ev, Tregouet, Da, VAN DER KLAUW, Mm, VAN MEURS, Jb, Vermeulen, Sh, Wild, Sh, Winkelmann, Br, Witteman, Jc, Wolffenbuttel, Bh, Wright, Af, Zillikens, Mc, Boehm, Bo, Boomsma, Di, Caulfield, Mj, Chanock, Sj, Cupples, La, Dedoussis, Gv, Eriksson, Jg, Franks, Pw, Harris, Tb, Hicks, Aa, Hovingh, Kg, Jarvelin, Mr, Jöckel, Kh, KEINANEN KIUKAANNIEMI, Sm, Kiemeney, La, Levinson, Df, Martin, Ng, Morris, Ad, Oldehinkel, Aj, Ouwehand, Wh, Palmer, Lj, Province, Ma, Psaty, Bm, Ridker, Pm, Samani, Nj, Sørensen, Ti, Spector, Td, Uitterlinden, Ag, VAN DER HARST, P, Wareham, Nj, Wichmann, He, Wilson, Jf, Abecasis, Gr, Assimes, Tl, Borecki, Ib, Groop, Lc, Heid, Im, Kaplan, Rc, Moffatt, Mf, Mohlke, Kl, O'Connell, Jr, Schadt, Ee, Strachan, Dp, VAN DUIJN, Cm, Visscher, Pm, DI BLASIO, Am, Hirschhorn, Jn, Lindgren, Cm, Morris, Ap, Mccarthy, Mi, Speliotes, Ek, North, Ke, Loos, Rj, and Ingelsson, E.
Subjects: Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), Linkage disequilibrium, SORTILIN, BIO/12 - BIOCHIMICA CLINICA E BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE CLINICA, Medizin, Genome-wide association study, Aetiology, screening and detection [ONCOL 5], polymorphism, Body Mass Index, 0302 clinical medicine, Missing heritability problem, MISSING HERITABILITY, EXTREME OBESITY, CONFER RISK, POPULATION, Genetics & Heredity, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, Medical And Health Sciences, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Anthropometry, COMMON VARIANTS, Single Nucleotide, ASSOCIATION, Biological Sciences, Anthropometry, Body Height, genetics, Body Mass Index, Case-Control Studies, European Continental Ancestry Group, genetics, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Obesity, genetics, Phenotype, Polymorphism, genetics, Quantitative Trait Loci, Waist-Hip Ratio, Phenotype, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, EXPRESSION, Genotype, Missing heritabillity, Population, European Continental Ancestry Group, Quantitative Trait Loci, EARLY-ONSET, Genomics, Biology, Quantitative trait locus, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, White People, Molecular epidemiology [NCEBP 1], 03 medical and health sciences, Meta-Analysis as Topic, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Obesity, body height/genetics, Polymorphism, Allele, Genetik, education, Molecular epidemiology Aetiology, screening and detection [NCEBP 1], 030304 developmental biology, Science & Technology, Waist-Hip Ratio, BMI, height, WHR, obesity, GWS, ta3121, Genetic architecture, Body Height, BODY-MASS INDEX, Case-Control Studies, gene, stature, height, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Developmental Biology, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: Approaches exploiting trait distribution extremes may be used to identify loci associated with common traits, but it is unknown whether these loci are generalizable to the broader population. In a genome-wide search for loci associated with the upper versus the lower 5th percentiles of body mass index, height and waist-to-hip ratio, as well as clinical classes of obesity, including up to 263,407 individuals of European ancestry, we identified 4 new loci (IGFBP4, H6PD, RSRC1 and PPP2R2A) influencing height detected in the distribution tails and 7 new loci (HNF4G, RPTOR, GNAT2, MRPS33P4, ADCY9, HS6ST3 and ZZZ3) for clinical classes of obesity. Further, we find a large overlap in genetic structure and the distribution of variants between traits based on extremes and the general population and little etiological heterogeneity between obesity subgroups. © 2013 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.
Published: 2013

22. Increased expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 drives IL-9–mediated allergic asthma

Author: Volker O. Melichar, Anna Graser, Benjamin A. Raby, Hooman Mirzakhani, Theodor Zimmermann, Sonja Koch, Damien C. Croteau-Chonka, Scott T. Weiss, Marco Wölfel, and Susetta Finotto
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Immunology, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Interleukin 9, Child, Letter to the Editor, Asthma, Regulation of gene expression, NFATC Transcription Factors, Interleukin-9, Infant, Allergic asthma, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Gene Expression Regulation, Expression (architecture), Child, Preschool, Female
Published: 2016
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23. Novel Loci for Adiponectin Levels and Their Influence on Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Traits: A Multi-Ethnic Meta-Analysis of 45,891 Individuals

Author: Seppo Koskinen, Christian Herder, Daniel I. Chasman, Andrew R. Wood, Jonna L. Grimsby, J.F. Wilson, Day Inm., Massimo Mangino, Gonneke Willemsen, Robert W. Mahley, Cristian Pattaro, Nicole L. Glazer, T.B. Harris, Irene Pichler, M S Sandhu, D. van Heemst, Christine Proença, Martha Ganser, Robert A. Hegele, Richa Saxena, Eleftheria Zeggini, Markku Laakso, Peter Kraft, Judith B. Borja, Karen L. Mohlke, J B Richards, de Geus Ejc., Robert Sladek, Cristen J. Willer, Samy Hadjadj, S.M. Boekholdt, Gina M. Peloso, Kijoung Song, Sutapa Mukherjee, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Winston Hide, Mark I. McCarthy, Ruth E. Pakyz, Marian Beekman, Ayellet V. Segrè, Inga Prokopenko, Ping An, George Dedoussis, Danielle Posthuma, Jeanette Erdmann, Simon J. Griffin, Nilesh J. Samani, Inke R. König, Frank B. Hu, Lokki M-L., David M. Evans, Xiaohui Li, Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir, Aimo Ruokonen, A Pouta, Kerrin S. Small, Cecilia M. Lindgren, O Le Bacquer, Xijing Han, Florian Kronenberg, E Katsareli, Christian Dina, S. Gabriel, Jochen Spranger, James S. Pankow, M. Kloppenburg, Penninx Bwjh., Torben Hansen, Josh Smith, Jennie Hui, Gordon H. Williams, Mark Seielstad, Ingrid B. Borecki, Weihua Zhang, Peter P. Pramstaller, Stephen J. Sharp, Neil R. Robertson, Zee Ryl., Mike Sampson, Angela Silveira, C.M. van Duijn, Anders Hamsten, Peter Shrader, Denis Rybin, Chen Y-Di., Gunnar Sigurdsson, Michael Stumvoll, Russel Tracy, Mark O. Goodarzi, Göran Hallmans, Michael R. Erdos, Valeriya Lyssenko, Juha Saharinen, Sven Bergmann, Jeffrey R. O'Connell, Debbie A Lawlor, Thomas Meitinger, Yvonne Böttcher, Jérôme Delplanque, Sarah G. Buxbaum, Silvia Naitza, Shah Ebrahim, Graham A. Hitman, Angelo Scuteri, Aroon D. Hingorani, Heribert Schunkert, François Pattou, Claudia Lamina, A L Elliott, Sekar Kathiresan, Dawn M. Waterworth, Jennifer A. Brody, Thomas Quertermous, Leena Peltonen, Josephine M. Egan, Daniel J. 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Boehm, Eleanor Wheeler, Epidemiology, Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Clinical Genetics, Dastani, Z, Hivert, Mf, Timpson, N, Perry, Jr, Yuan, X, Scott, Ra, Henneman, P, Heid, Im, Kizer, Jr, Lyytikäinen, Lp, Fuchsberger, C, Tanaka, T, Morris, Ap, Small, K, Isaacs, A, Beekman, M, Coassin, S, Lohman, K, Qi, L, Kanoni, S, Pankow, J, Uh, Hw, Wu, Y, Bidulescu, A, Rasmussen Torvik, Lj, Greenwood, Cm, Ladouceur, M, Grimsby, J, Manning, Ak, Liu, Ct, Kooner, J, Mooser, Ve, Vollenweider, P, Kapur, Ka, Chambers, J, Wareham, Nj, Langenberg, C, Frants, R, Willems Vandijk, K, Oostra, Ba, Willems, Sm, Lamina, C, Winkler, Tw, Psaty, Bm, Tracy, Rp, Brody, J, Chen, I, Viikari, J, Kähönen, M, Pramstaller, Pp, Evans, Dm, St Pourcain, B, Sattar, N, Wood, Ar, Bandinelli, S, Carlson, Od, Egan, Jm, Böhringer, S, van Heemst, D, Kedenko, L, Kristiansson, K, Nuotio, Ml, Loo, Bm, Harris, T, Garcia, M, Kanaya, A, Haun, M, Klopp, N, Wichmann, He, Deloukas, P, Katsareli, E, Couper, Dj, Duncan, Bb, Kloppenburg, M, Adair, L, Borja, Jb, DIAGRAM+, Consortium, Magic, Consortium, Glgc, Investigator, Muther, Consortium, Wilson, Jg, Musani, S, Guo, X, Johnson, T, Semple, R, Teslovich, Tm, Allison, Ma, Redline, S, Buxbaum, Sg, Mohlke, Kl, Meulenbelt, I, Ballantyne, Cm, Dedoussis, Gv, Hu, Fb, Liu, Y, Paulweber, B, Spector, Td, Slagboom, Pe, Ferrucci, L, Jula, A, Perola, M, Raitakari, O, Florez, Jc, Salomaa, V, Eriksson, Jg, Frayling, Tm, Hicks, Aa, Lehtimäki, T, Smith, Gd, Siscovick, D, Kronenberg, F, van Duijn, C, Loos, Rj, Waterworth, Dm, Meigs, Jb, Dupuis, J, Richards, Jb, Voight, Bf, Scott, Lj, Steinthorsdottir, V, Dina, C, Welch, Rp, Zeggini, E, Huth, C, Aulchenko, Y, Thorleifsson, G, Mcculloch, Lj, Ferreira, T, Grallert, H, Amin, N, Wu, G, Willer, Cj, Raychaudhuri, S, Mccarroll, Sa, Hofmann, Om, Segrè, Av, van Hoek, M, Navarro, P, Ardlie, K, Balkau, B, Benediktsson, R, Bennett, Aj, Blagieva, R, Boerwinkle, E, Bonnycastle, Ll, Boström, Kb, Bravenboer, B, Bumpstead, S, Burtt, Np, 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Strachan, Dp, Reilly, Mp, Samani, Nj, Schunkert, H, Cupples, La, Ridker, Pm, Rader, Dj, Kathiresan, S., Medical Research Council (MRC), Perry, John [0000-0001-6483-3771], Wareham, Nicholas [0000-0003-1422-2993], Langenberg, Claudia [0000-0002-5017-7344], Semple, Robert [0000-0001-6539-3069], Griffin, Simon [0000-0002-2157-4797], Barroso, Ines [0000-0001-5800-4520], Soranzo, Nicole [0000-0003-1095-3852], Wheeler, Eleanor [0000-0002-8616-6444], Luan, Jian'an [0000-0003-3137-6337], Forouhi, Nita [0000-0002-5041-248X], Sharp, Stephen [0000-0003-2375-1440], Sovio, Ulla [0000-0002-0799-1105], Zhao, Jing Hua [0000-0003-4930-3582], Luben, Robert [0000-0002-5088-6343], Khaw, Kay-Tee [0000-0002-8802-2903], Sandhu, Manjinder [0000-0002-2725-142X], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Biological Psychology, Functional Genomics, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam - Attention & Cognition, EMGO+ - Lifestyle, Overweight and Diabetes, Other departments, Experimental Vascular Medicine, ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Vascular Medicine, Cardiology, Human genetics, Psychiatry, NCA - Attention & Cognition, EMGO - Lifestyle, overweight and diabetes, Lääketieteen yksikkö - School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Hjelt Institute (-2014), Clinicum, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Department of Public Health, Haartman Institute (-2014), Transplantation Laboratory, Biostatistics Helsinki, Quantitative Genetics, Complex Disease Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology, DIAGRAM+ Consortium, MAGIC Consortium, GLGC Investigators, MuTHER Consortium, DIAGRAM Consortium, GIANT Consortium, Global B Pgen Consortium, Procardis Consortium, MAGIC investigators, GLGC Consortium, Olson, J., Kronmal, R., Robbins, J., Chaves, PH., Burke, G., Kuller, LH., Tracy, R., Gottdiener, J., Prineas, R., Becker, JT., Enright, P., Klein, R., and O'Leary, DH.
Subjects: Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), Male, Insulin Resistance/genetics, VARIANTS, 0302 clinical medicine, POPULATION, African Americans, blood/genetics, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Adiponectin/blood, Adiponectin/genetics, Asian Continental Ancestry Group, Cholesterol, HDL/genetics, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics, European Continental Ancestry Group, Female, Gene Expression, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Glucose Tolerance Test, Humans, Metabolic Networks and Pathways, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Waist-Hip Ratio, Global B Pgen Consortium, MAGIC investigators, 3. Good health, Cholesterol, Medicine, Adiponectin, Type 2, medicine.medical_specialty, HDL, Biolääketieteet - Biomedicine, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, DIAGRAM Consortium, White People, Molecular Genetics, GLGC Consortium, 03 medical and health sciences, Asian People, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, GIANT Consortium, Diabetes Mellitus, Genetics, DIAGRAM+ Consortium, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, Polymorphism, education, Biology, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0604 Genetics, Science & Technology, GLGC Investigators, nutritional and metabolic diseases, ta3121, medicine.disease, Obesity, Black or African American, blood/genetics, African Americans, Asian Continental Ancestry Group, Cholesterol, genetics, Diabetes Mellitus, genetics, European Continental Ancestry Group, Female, Gene Expression, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Glucose Tolerance Test, Humans, Insulin Resistance, genetics, Male, Metabolic Networks and Pathways, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Waist-Hip Ratio, Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Developmental Biology, Type 2/genetics, Cancer Research, Type 2 diabetes, QH426-470, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, LIPID CONCENTRATIONS, GENETICS & HEREDITY, Genetics (clinical), RISK, 2. Zero hunger, INSULIN-RESISTANCE, Glucose tolerance test, medicine.diagnostic_test, MAGIC Consortium, Single Nucleotide, ADIPOSE-TISSUE, CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Research Article, Clinical Research Design, GENETIC-BASIS, Population, Insulin resistance, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, ddc:610, 030304 developmental biology, RECEPTOR, Cholesterol, HDL, Human Genetics, HDL/genetics, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, MuTHER Consortium, 3111 Biomedicine, Procardis Consortium, Insulin Resistance
Abstract: Circulating levels of adiponectin, a hormone produced predominantly by adipocytes, are highly heritable and are inversely associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and other metabolic traits. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in 39,883 individuals of European ancestry to identify genes associated with metabolic disease. We identified 8 novel loci associated with adiponectin levels and confirmed 2 previously reported loci (P = 4.5×10−8–1.2×10−43). Using a novel method to combine data across ethnicities (N = 4,232 African Americans, N = 1,776 Asians, and N = 29,347 Europeans), we identified two additional novel loci. Expression analyses of 436 human adipocyte samples revealed that mRNA levels of 18 genes at candidate regions were associated with adiponectin concentrations after accounting for multiple testing (p, Author Summary Serum adiponectin levels are highly heritable and are inversely correlated with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), coronary artery disease, stroke, and several metabolic traits. To identify common genetic variants associated with adiponectin levels and risk of T2D and metabolic traits, we conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of 45,891 multi-ethnic individuals. In addition to confirming that variants at the ADIPOQ and CDH13 loci influence adiponectin levels, our analyses revealed that 10 new loci also affecting circulating adiponectin levels. We demonstrated that expression levels of several genes in these candidate regions are associated with serum adiponectin levels. Using a powerful novel method to assess the contribution of the identified variants with other traits using summary-level results from large-scale GWAS consortia, we provide evidence that the risk alleles for adiponectin are associated with deleterious changes in T2D risk and metabolic syndrome traits (triglycerides, HDL, post-prandial glucose, insulin, and waist-to-hip ratio), demonstrating that the identified loci, taken together, impact upon metabolic disease.
Published: 2012

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23 results on '"Damien C. Croteau-Chonka"'

1. Expression of SMARCD1 interacts with age in association with asthma control on inhaled corticosteroid therapy

2. Pathway analysis of a genome-wide gene by air pollution interaction study in asthmatic children

3. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for body fat distribution in 694 649 individuals of European ancestry

4. Whole genome prediction and heritability of childhood asthma phenotypes

5. Pharmacogenomics and Placebo Response in a Randomized Clinical Trial in Asthma

6. The periphery and the core properties explain the omnigenic model in the human interactome

7. Patterns of Growth and Decline in Lung Function in Persistent Childhood Asthma

8. Gene co-expression networks in whole blood implicate multiple interrelated molecular pathways in obese asthma

9. An Integrative Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Study of Lung Function in Children With Asthma

10. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for body fat distribution in 694,649 individuals of European ancestry

11. TREM-1 Response Signatures Common to Expression Profiles of Both Asthma Affection and Asthma Control

12. The metabolomics of asthma control: a promising link between genetics and disease

13. Novel eosinophilic gene expression networks associated with IgE in two distinct asthma populations

14. Gene Expression Profiling in Blood Provides Reproducible Molecular Insights into Asthma Control

15. Integration of metabolomic and transcriptomic networks in pregnant women reveals biological pathways and predictive signatures associated with preeclampsia

16. Limited statistical evidence for shared genetic effects of eQTLs and autoimmune-disease-associated loci in three major immune-cell types

17. Across-cohort QC analyses of genome-wide association study summary statistics from complex traits

18. Role of local CpG DNA methylation in mediating the 17q21 asthma susceptibility gasdermin B (GSDMB)/ORMDL sphingolipid biosynthesis regulator 3 (ORMDL3) expression quantitative trait locus

19. Biological, clinical and population relevance of 95 loci for blood lipids

20. Trans-ethnic fine-mapping of lipid loci identifies population-specific signals and allelic heterogeneity that increases the trait variance explained

21. Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies 11 new loci for anthropometric traits and provides insights into genetic architecture

22. Increased expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 drives IL-9–mediated allergic asthma

23. Novel Loci for Adiponectin Levels and Their Influence on Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Traits: A Multi-Ethnic Meta-Analysis of 45,891 Individuals

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23 results on '"Damien C. Croteau-Chonka"'

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