1. Mechanisms of genetically-based resistance to malaria
- Author
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Carolina Saravia, Johan Hoebeke, Manuel A. Patarroyo, Andromeda Gomez, Carolina López, Fundacion Instituto de Immunologia (FIDIC), FIDIC, Universidad del Rosario, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Postgraduate Program in Microbiology, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Immunologie et chimie thérapeutiques (ICT), and Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
Models, Molecular ,Erythrocytes ,Thalassemia ,Complement receptor 1 ,Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency ,Review ,Alpha-thalassemia ,MESH: Thalassemia ,0302 clinical medicine ,Chemical structure ,Alpha thalassemia ,Complement receptor ,Inducible nitric oxide synthase ,Leukocyte antigen ,Sickle cell ,Priority journal ,Allele ,Innate immunity ,0303 health sciences ,education.field_of_study ,MESH: Sickle Cell Trait ,Hemoglobin E ,MESH: Erythrocytes ,Hemoglobin C ,General Medicine ,Erythrocyte polymorphism ,Receptors, Complement ,3. Good health ,Erythrocyte ,MESH: Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency ,Elliptocytosis ,Hemoglobinopathy ,MESH: Hemoglobinopathies ,MESH: Immunity, Innate ,Plasmodium parasites ,MESH: Models, Molecular ,Human ,Sickle cell trait ,Plasmodium falciparum ,Immunology ,030231 tropical medicine ,Population ,MESH: Malaria ,Natural resistance ,Biology ,Sickle Cell Trait ,03 medical and health sciences ,Chromosome 5q ,Chromosome polymorphism ,parasitic diseases ,MESH: Polymorphism, Genetic ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,[SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology ,education ,030304 developmental biology ,Genetic polymorphism ,Polymorphism, Genetic ,MESH: Humans ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,Baboon ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,Immunity, Innate ,Malaria ,Hemoglobinopathies ,MESH: Receptors, Complement ,Metabolism ,Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency ,Gene expression ,Complement component C3b receptor ,biology.gene - Abstract
International audience; Malaria remains one of the most prevalent parasitoses worldwide. About 350 to 500 million febrile episodes are observed yearly in African children alone and more than 1 million people die because of malaria each year. Multiple factors have hampered the effective control of this disease, some of which include the complex biology of the Plasmodium parasites, their high polymorphism and their increasingly high resistance to antimalarial drugs, mainly in endemic regions. The ancient interaction between malarial parasites and humans has led to the fixation in the population of several inherited alterations conferring protection against malaria. Some of the mechanisms underlying protection against this disease are described in this review for hemoglobin-inherited disorders (thalassemia, sickle-cell trait, HbC and HbE), erythrocyte polymorphisms (ovalocytosis and Duffy blood group), enzymopathies (G6PD deficiency and PK deficiency) and immunogenetic variants (HLA alleles, complement receptor 1, NOS2, tumor necrosis factor-α promoter and chromosome 5q31-q33 polymorphisms).
- Published
- 2010