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Design: A randomized prospective study., Patients and Methods: The study included 87 children aged from 5 to 18, ASA I-II. The patients were divided into two groups. We assessed the impact of reamberin 1.5% (succinate-containing infusion solution) on the level of metabolism and recovery after surgery in patients of main group (n = 44) and control group (n = 43) during different surgeries. All patients received general anaesthesia with sevoflurane, fentanyl, and rocuronium., Results: Reamberin 1.5% promotes to increase the level of basal metabolism in the early postoperative period, decreases the duration of awakening periods, improves recovery of motor activity and adequate breathing.

Research Objective: To compare haemodynamic effects of general anaesthesia in combination with epidural block and without it during kidney transplantation in Pediatric patients., Methods: 61 Pediatric patients undergoing kidney transplantation were divided into two groups. General anaesthesia with sevoflurane, propofol, phentanilum and regional ropivacaine epidural block were used in the group 1. General anaesthesia was used only in the group 2. Haemodynamic parameters were assessed: Arterial blood pressure, stroke volume, central venous pressure and cardiac index., Results: Both techniques of anaesthesia were adequate., Conclusion: regional ropivacaine epidural block and general anaesthesia combination provides more stable haemodynamic parameters than general anaesthesia single use.

The research is based on the analysis of 50 cases of anesthesia during reconstructive surgeries in children. The anesthesia was based on inhalation of sevolflurane and injection of fentanyl by the bolus infusion scheme. During the different stages of anesthesia the opioid concentration in plasma was measured. Analysis of hemodynamic parameters showed no statistically significant differences in changes in performance, indicating the steady flow of anesthesia. Infusion of fentanyl provided a smooth, gradual decrease in its concentration in plasma, while analgesia remained adequate. The combination of sevoflurane in a concentration of 1.3 MAC and infusion of fentanyl to a total dose 6 mkg/kg/h was effective in provisioning stable anesthesia in the given category of patients with surgical pathology.

The problems of hypothermia in the perioperative period, which are one of the most important ones in pediatric practice, in babies in particular, are solved, by using a broad spectrum of methods for preventing and correcting the patients' thermal balance. Convection heating systems exercise an on-line control over the baby's thermal regime during a surgical intervention and intensive care. The authors' own experience allows these systems to be recommended for wide practical application in the activities of anesthesiology and intensive care services.

Forty-seven children, aged 2 to 12, with different pathologies, who underwent the abdominal aortography with the bolus introduction of 60% verografin, i.e. a radiopaque contrast agent (RCA), 2-3 ml/kg for 2-3 sec. The osmolar index of blood went up sharply, diuresis increased 7-fold and the aldosterone content topped 2-fold the original level. Simultaneously, the plasma concentration of ketamine was reducing by 2 times faster than in children who were not administered RCA. An additional introduction of an anesthetic made on minute 3 after RCA injection was suggested to modify the anesthesia management scheme.

A new method, spectroscopy in a spectrum approximating the infrared, was used in children during total anesthesia for evaluating the oxygen status and blood content of the brain. This method shows in the real time mode the content of total hemoglobin and its fractions oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin in brain tissue. Oxidative (RedOx) status of cerebral cell cytochrome oxidase was assessed. A total of 128 children aged 7 months to 14 years were observed throughout total anesthesia. The method is highly informative and can be used for monitoring the degree of oxygenation, tissue respiration, and blood filling of the brain during total anaesthesia in children and for evaluating the effects of various anesthetics on these parameters.

In 17 children aged 7 to 14 years angiography of the extremities (AGE) was performed under general anesthesia by intravenous calypsol injection without premedication with cholinolytics (group I, monoanesthesia) or with premedication with atropine and neuroleptics (diazepam, droperidol; group II). It has been established that calypsol, in both groups, had a short-term moderate stimulating effect on the cardiac function and an insignificant effect on the respiratory function, which was not essential for the assessment of hemodynamic parameters during AGE. Muscle relaxation was more marked in children of group II, mainly due to the use of neuroleptics. In children of group II muscle relaxation was insignificant, this was associated with certain difficulties during AG. A technique of calypsol anesthesia during AGE in children has been elaborated, it is recommended to use calypsol in combination with neuroleptics, and to strengthen anesthesia by additional calypsol administration prior to the injection of contrast agents.