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Six new secoiridoids, syrretosides E-J (1-6) and four known secoiridoids (7-10), were isolated from the stem barks of Syringa reticulata. Their structures were established by the 1D and 2D NMR spectra, HR-ESI-MS, and comparison with the literature. The cytotoxicity of the isolated monomeric compounds against RAW264.7 cells was investigated by the CCK8 assay, and the results showed that the individual compounds were not cytotoxic to RAW264.7. The anti-inflammatory activity of these compounds was evaluated using the LPS-induced RAW264.7 inflammatory cell model and the results showed that compounds 3-7 and 9 showed varying degrees of anti-inflammatory activity., (Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

A new secoiridoid, (1 R ,5 S ,8 S ,9 R )-1-methyl-kingiside aglucone ( 1 ), along with nine known compounds ( 2 - 10 ), were isolated from the ethanol extract of the stem bark of Syringa reticulata (Bl.) Hara. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated using HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. Compounds 1 - 10 were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against NO, TNF-α and IL-6 production. Compounds 1 , 3 , 5 and 7 - 10 significantly inhibited the levels of NO, TNF-α and IL-6 in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells from concentrations of 3 to 30 μM.

Thirteen new compounds including caffeoyl-glucaric and p-coumaroyl-altraric acid derivatives, one monoterpenoid glucoside, four secoiridoid glycosides, and three hydroxycinnamoyl phenylpropanoid glycosides esterified with an oleoside 11-methyl ester along with fifteen known compounds were isolated from flowers of Syringa vulgaris L. (Oleaceae). Their structures were elucidated by high-resolution spectroscopic methods. The tested compounds were able to decrease the production of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, oleoechinacoside (13), demethylhydroxyoleonuezhenide (14), demethyloleonuezhenide (15), syringaoleoacteoside (25) and oleoacteoside (26) at the concentration of 50μM, moderately suppressed the LPS-stimulated release of pro-inflammatory chemokine IL-8 and TNF-α from human neutrophils. Moreover, oleonuezhenide (12), oleoside 11-methyl ester (16) and oleoacteoside (26) at the concentration of 50μM were able to induce the surface expression of interleukin 10 receptor, which is suppressed by the incubation of monocyte/macrophage cells with LPS., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: Verbascoside has previously been characterized as an effective scavenger of active free radicals and an inhibitor of lipid peroxidation. In the present study, we have investigated the effects of verbascoside from Syringa vulgaris in a rat model of ligature-induced periodontitis., Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were lightly anaesthetized with pentobarbitone (35 mg/kg). Sterile, 2-0 black braided silk thread was placed around the cervix of the lower left first molar and knotted medially. Animals received vebascoside 2 mg/kg orally, daily for 8 days., Key Findings: On the eighth day after placement of the ligature, we evaluated several markers of inflammation: (i) myeloperoxidase activity, (ii) thiobarbituric acid-reactant substance measurements, (iii) NF-κB expression, (iv) iNOS expression, (v) the nitration of tyrosine residues, (vi) activation of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, (vii) Bax and Bcl-2 expression and (viii) a degree of gingivomucosal tissue injury. Oral administration of verbascoside (2 mg/kg daily for 8 days) significantly decreased all of the parameters of inflammation as described above., Conclusions: These results demonstrate that verbascoside exerts an anti-inflammatory role during experimental periodontitis and is able to ameliorate the tissue damage associated with ligature-induced periodontitis., (© 2011 The Authors. JPP © 2011 Royal Pharmaceutical Society.)

Aim of the Study: To investigate the effects and the protective mechanism of iridoid glycosides (IG) enriched from Folium syringae leaves on ulcerative colitis (UC) model induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) in rats., Materials and Methods: UC in rats was induced by colonic administration with TNBS. IG (80, 160 and 240 mg/kg) was administered for 2 weeks to experimental colitis rats. The inflammatory degree was assessed by macroscopic score, histology and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured with biochemical methods. The protein expressions of nuclear factor-kappaBp65 (NF-κBp65) and mRNA expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and NF-κBp65, were determined by immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative PCR, respectively., Results: IG significantly ameliorated macroscopic damage and histological changes, reduced the activity of MPO, depressed MDA and NO levels and effectively inhibited the protein and mRNA expressions of NF-κBp65, TNF-α and IL-6 in the colon tissues of experimental colitis in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the effects of IG (160 mg/kg and 240 mg/kg) were superior to salicylazosulfapyridine (150 mg/kg)., Conclusion: We demonstrated for the first time that IG possessed marked protective effects on experimental colitis through its antioxidation and inhibiting inflammatory mediators by down-regulation of the expressions of NF-κBp65., (Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Two phenylpropanoid glycosides, verbascoside (VB) and teupolioside (TP), produced biotechnologically by Syringa vulgaris and Ajuga reptans plant cell cultures, were studied in vitro and in vivo for their anti-inflammatory and wound healing activities. It was shown that TP- and VB-containing extracts significantly accelerated wound healing and possessed remarkable anti-inflammatory action in the excision wound model. These effects correlated with the inhibition of reactive oxygen species release from the whole blood leukocytes and with the ferrous ion chelating capacity. On the other hand, they don't correlate either with free radical scavenging or with the inhibition of lipid peroxidation in the cell-free systems. Furthermore, both VB- and TP-containing extracts were extremely effective inhibitors of chemokine and growth factor expression by cultured human keratinocytes treated with pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha and interferon-gamma.