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Intact epithelial barrier and mucosal immune system are crucial for maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Previous study indicated that Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides (DOPS) can regulate immune responses and inflammation to alleviate experimental colitis. However, it remains largely unknown whether DOPS can suppress AOM/DSS-induced colorectal cancer (CRC) model through its direct impact on intestinal barrier function and intestinal mucosal immunity. Here, we demonstrated the therapeutic action of DOPS for CRC model and further illustrated its underlying mechanisms. Treatment with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and DOPS significantly improved the clinical signs and symptoms of chronic colitis, relieve colon damage, suppress the formation and growth of colon tumor in CRC mice. Moreover, administration of DOPS effectively preserved the intestinal barrier function via reducing the loss of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin in adjacent tissues and carcinomatous tissues. Further studies demonstrated that DOPS improved the metabolic ability of tumor infiltrated CD8 + cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and reduced the expression of PD-1 on CTLs to enhance the anti-tumor immune response in the tumor microenvironments (TME). Together, the conclusions indicated that DOPS restore intestinal barrier function and enhance intestinal anti-tumor immune response to suppress CRC, which may be a novel strategy for the prevention and treatment of CRC., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Sulfated polysaccharide from Undaria pinnatifida (SPUP) has significant anti-breast cancer activity. However, its anticarcinogenic mechanism still remains unclear. The aim of this article is to observe the effect of SPUP on proliferation, migration and apoptosis of human breast cancer cell line MCF7. Firstly, the effect of SPUP on proliferation was evaluated through MTT assay, plate clonality assay and immunofluorescence test of PCNA. The results showed that SPUP could significantly reduce MCF7 cells proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Based on transwell and scratch wound healing assays, then, inhibitory action of SPUP for MCF7 cells migration was observed. Finally, apoptosis and cycle arrest of SPUP for MCF7 cells also were found by the results from both flow cytometry analysis and Hoechst 33342 staining of apoptotic cells. Overall, these results showed anti-breast cancer mechanism of SPUP could be possibly related to inhibit migration, proliferation and induce apoptosis of cancer cells., (Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Background: Randomised trials of rituximab maintenance (MR) for patients with follicular lymphoma support improved progression-free survival (PFS), but the effect on overall survival has been inconclusive. To evaluate the effect of MR on overall survival according to patient and disease characteristics, and to explore certain adverse events, we performed an individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis., Methods: All investigators of randomised controlled trials that compared MR therapy with observation or treatment only at relapse (no MR) for patients with follicular lymphoma were invited to participate in an IPD meta-analysis. We obtained baseline patient and disease characteristics and time to progression and death for each patient. All analyses took into account the trial and original randomised treatment group. We analysed data in two ways: a two-stage analysis and a multivariate model including patient and disease characteristics., Findings: Seven trials including 2315 patients were analysed. Overall survival of patients improved with MR compared with no MR (hazard ratio [HR] 0.79, 95% CI 0.66-0.96). We could not detect any patient or disease characteristics that were associated with a survival benefit with MR. In all of the models, MR had a beneficial effect on overall survival compared with observation for all types of patients, which was not shown in a particular subgroup in which the patient had already received rituximab in the induction phase and received first-line therapy. MR improved PFS compared with observation (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.51-0.64). The risk of adverse events was higher with MR, specifically infection of any grade and grade 3-4 infections., Interpretation: Based on IPD from randomised controlled trials, MR improves overall survival consistently in all patients, regardless of patient and disease characteristics when compared with observation, and should be prescribed after a successful induction with R-CVP or R-CHOP for patients with follicular lymphoma. It is still uncertain if that holds when the patient has already received rituximab in his/hers first induction. The effect of MR after bendamustine-rituximab induction compared with rituximab at progression should be further explored., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who are not candidates for or recur after autologous stem cell transplant have a poor overall prognosis. We conducted a phase II study of sorafenib (formerly BAY 43-9006) in the treatment of relapsed DLBCL. Fourteen patients were enrolled and assessed for response. Median number of cycles administered was 3 (range, 1-12). Common grade 3 toxicities included fatigue (29%), rash/desquamation (21%) and diarrhea (14%). One complete response (CR) was observed (the 14th patient enrolled). Response rate was 7% (90% CI, 0.4 - 30%). Duration of response was 6 months. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 2 months (90% CI, 1 - 5 months). Median overall survival (OS) was 9 months (90% CI, 5 - 16 months). Although sorafenib has demonstrated activity in solid malignancies it demonstrated low single agent activity in treatment of DLBCL.

The purpose of this trial was to determine cardiac toxicity and overall efficacy of the pegylated liposome doxorubicin (PLD)-docetaxel couplet alone if HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (internal control) or with trastuzumab if HER2-positive disease. Upon central HER2 confirmation, 84 eligible patients received induction with PLD (30 mg/m(2)) and docetaxel (60 mg/m(2)) every 3 weeks (maximum eight cycles), alone if HER2-negative (arm A; N = 38) or plus trastuzumab (4 mg/kg once, then 2 mg/kg weekly) if HER2-positive disease (arm B; N = 46) as first-line therapy. Maintenance therapy (without PLD) allowed. Primary objectives were to determine whether congestive heart failure (CHF) rate >3% and the efficacy/toxicity of each arm. CHF rate was <3% in each arm. Response rate, median progression-free-, and overall survival in arms A and B were 47.4 and 45.7%, 11 and 10.6 months, and 24.6 and 31.8 months, respectively. Trastuzumab arm was associated with higher rates of hand foot syndrome (grade 3: 22 vs. 38%; P = 0.16; overall 51 vs. 75%, P = 0.03) and treatment discontinuation due to toxicity/patient withdrawal (13 vs. 28%; P = 0.11). Febrile neutropenia occurred in approximately 10% of patients. In conclusion, concurrent administration of trastuzumab with PLD-docetaxel was not associated with higher risk of cardiac toxicity compared with PLD-docetaxel alone, but led to excessive hand-foot syndrome.