37 results on '"fenoles"'
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2. The intensity of the cluster drop affects the bioactive compounds and fatty acid composition in hazelnuts.
- Author
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Karakaya, O.
- Subjects
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BIOACTIVE compounds , *ANTIOXIDANTS , *HAZELNUTS , *EICOSANOIC acid , *HAZELNUT industry , *OLEIC acid , *PALMITIC acid , *PHENOLS , *PRINCIPAL components analysis , *FATTY acids - Abstract
This study was conducted to determine how the intensity of the cluster drop effects nut traits, bioactive compounds, and fatty acid composition in Tombul, Palaz and Kalınkara hazelnut cultivars. The cluster drop significantly affected bioactive compounds and fatty acid composition while it did not affect the traits of the nuts. As cluster drop intensity increased, nut traits and bioactive compounds in all cultivars increased. Strong cluster drop intensity determined the highest total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity. Except for the Kalınkara cultivar, a low amount of linoleic acid was detected while high amounts of oleic and stearic acid were determined in slight cluster drop intensity. As cluster drop intensity increased, palmitic acid increased. Principal component analysis showed that the slight and intermediate drop intensity were generally associated with kernel length, oleic, linoleic, stearic, palmitoleic, 11-eicosenoic and arachidic acids. In contrast, strong intensity was associated with nut and kernel weight, kernel ratio, kernel width, kernel thickness, kernel size, bioactive compounds, and palmitic acid. As a result, the bioactive compounds and fatty acid composition, which are important for human health, was significantly affected by cluster drop intensity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Physicochemical characterization of propolis collected by Apis mellifera L (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Pacho and Bogotá Cundinamarca.
- Author
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Cortes Zapata, Zharick Tatiana, Augusto Acosta-Leal, Daniel, and Zamudio Sanchez, Adriana Mireya
- Subjects
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PROPOLIS , *HONEYBEES , *HYMENOPTERA , *APIARIES , *PHENOLS , *FERRIC chloride , *FLAVONOIDS , *BEE products , *ANTIOXIDANT analysis - Abstract
The objective of this work was to characterize and implement a reliable, viable and effective physicochemical methodology for the quality of Apis mellifera propolis collected in two apiaries located in Pacho and Suba-Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia. A qualitative analysis was designed and validated to diagnose and evaluate the quality of propolis for laboratory analysis. Samples were collected by the scraping method, ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP) were obtained and results were compared under several Latin American standards (Cuban, Brazilian and Salvadoran standards). The presence of phenols and flavonoids was determined by means of solubility in lead acetate, ferric chloride, sodium hydroxide, pW, humidity, oxidizing property, UV-vis spectroscopy profiles, pH, mechanical masses, dry mass, percentage of phenolic compounds, ashes, determination of major and minor minerals and quantity of flavonoids in quercetin. The results showed that the solubility in lead acetate and sodium hydroxide were positive for the 10 samples in duplicate, plus the 3 validation samples; the results showed significant differences between locations and compared with current standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
4. Caracterización de compuestos fenólicos y actividad antioxidante de pulpa de café (Coffea arabica L.) deshidratada de tres fincas cafeteras de la región Amazonas (Perú).
- Author
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Cruzalegui, Robert J., Güivin, Orlando, Fernández-Jeri, Armstrong B., and Cruz, Rosita
- Subjects
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ORGANIC solvents , *PHENOLS , *SOLVENT extraction , *COFFEE , *OXIDANT status , *GALLIC acid - Abstract
The primary objective of this research study was to characterize the phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity of dehydrated coffee (Coffea arabica L.) pulp by two drying methods (hot air and lyophilization). Coffee pulp samples were obtained from three farms in the Amazonas region (Peru). They were treated in a process that included washing, air drying, dehydration, grinding, and extraction using ultra-pure water and four organic solvents: 50% ethanol, 95% ethanol, 50% methanol, and 95% methanol. The results showed that the extracts obtained by lyophilization and 95% ethanol solvent had the most extraction capacity, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity, with 66.3% and 402.6 mg of Gallic acid equivalents/100 g dehydrated pulp, respectively. It is concluded that 95% ethanol is the best solvent for the extraction of phenolic compounds in dehydrated coffee pulp by lyophilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Evaluación de la capacidad antioxidante y compuestos bioactivos de tumbo (Passiflora mollissima) y cerezo (Prunus serotina).
- Author
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Lopa, Juan, Valderrama, María, León, Nelva, Lazo, Luz, Llerena, Jean Pierre, Ballón, Carlos, and Guija-Poma, Emilio
- Abstract
Objective: To determine the content of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of the banana passionfruit (Passiflora mollissima) and black cherry (Prunus serotina). Materials and methods: An analytical, experimental, longitudinal and prospective study. The black cherries and banana passionfruits were collected in the Cusco, Moquegua and Arequipa regions. The content of phenols and flavonoids were determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent and aluminum chloride method, respectively. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) techniques. Albino rats classified into a negative control group, a positive control group and four experimental groups were used to study the hepatoprotective effect of the fruits. Results: Banana passionfruits from the Cusco region (Quechua) showed the highest concentration of total phenols (584.94 ± 134.62 mg GAE/100 g) and flavonoids (445.62 ± 7.94 mg QE/100 g). Concerning the DPPH radical, the IC50 value of banana passion fruits from the Arequipa region (Yunga) was found to be 0.41 ± 0.01 mg/mL. Banana passion fruits from the Cusco region (Quechua) showed the highest FRAP value (8.38 ± 0.32 mmol Fe2+/100 g). Black cherries from the Arequipa region (Yunga) had the highest concentration of total phenols (181.81 ± 34.1 mg GAE/100 g) and flavonoids (205.18 ± 77.8 mg QE/100 g). They also showed a significant antioxidant activity regarding the DPPH (2.1 ± 0.01 mg/mL), while the antioxidant capacity of black cherries from the Cusco region (Quechua), which was evaluated with the FRAP method, achieved a value of 1.59 ± 0.2 mmol Fe2+/100 g. The observed differences were statistically significant. Banana passion fruits showed a better hepatoprotective effect than black cherries. Conclusions: Banana passion fruits from the Cusco region (Quechua) are an important source of antioxidant compounds and show a high antioxidant capacity (FRAP), while black cherries from the Arequipa region (Yunga) have a high content of antioxidant compounds and a higher antioxidant capacity (DPPH). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. DETERMINACIÓN DE LA ACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE DE EXTRACTOS DE HOJAS DE Buddleja inkana, Oreocallis grandiflora y Chuquiraga spinosa.
- Author
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Miranda, Karen Tufinio, Canchaya, Harold Ames, Sotomayor, Abel Vergara, Fukusaki Yoshizawa, Alejandro, and Cuba, Karin Paucar
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PHENOLS ,PLANT phenols ,PLANT extracts ,MEDICINAL plants ,NATIVE plants ,FLAVONOIDS - Abstract
Copyright of Revista de la Sociedad Química del Perú is the property of Sociedad Quimica del Peru and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Berberis mikuna Job., una especie frutal nativa de Tucumán con potencial nutracéutico y tintóreo.
- Author
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Radice, S., Dantur, G., Ceribelli, A., and Arena, M. E.
- Subjects
FUNCTIONAL foods ,POLLEN ,FRUIT ,ANTHOCYANINS ,INFLORESCENCES ,BERRIES ,COLORING matter in food - Abstract
Copyright of Agriscientia is the property of Revista AgriScientia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Impacto del procesamiento sobre los compuestos con propiedades antioxidantes de dos variedades de maíz (Zea mays L.) Compuestos con propiedades antioxidantes en dos variedades de maíz crudo y procesado.
- Author
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Villacrés, Elena, Tanquina, Irma, Yánez, Carlos, Quelal, María, Alvarez, Javier, and Ramos, Milton
- Published
- 2019
9. Propiedades Fisicoquímicas, Funcionales y Microbiológicas de Lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.) adicionada con Ácidos Orgánicos.
- Author
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Rodríguez, Daniel A., Ortega-Toro, Rodrigo, and Piñeros-Castro, Yineth
- Abstract
This work proposes the use of treatments with organic acids (acetic, citric and lactic) as an alternative to prevent the deterioration of the lettuce (Lactuca sativa L,) Batavia variety and extends its shelf life. Lettuce is a vegetable considered as functional given its antioxidant power and content of phenolic compounds. However, inappropriate handling during post-harvesting can not only affect these characteristics but also produce water loss, microbial contamination and enzymatic browning. The physicochemical, functional and microbiological characteristics were monitored, under a simulated scheme of a marketing chain in the Sabana de Bogotá (time, temperature and relative humidity). The results show statistically significant differences (α <0.05) for the quality and color index (enzymatic browning). Regarding the native microbial population, the acids considered promote the decrease of the microorganism population until 6 hours after treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
10. Phytochemical profile and antioxidant capacity of virgin olive oil obtained from the olive cultivar 'Roghiani' from different regions of northern Libya.
- Author
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Esalami, S. M., Dimic, E. B., and Rabrenovic, B. B.
- Subjects
- *
PHYTOCHEMICALS , *ANTIOXIDANTS , *OLIVE oil , *VEGETABLE oils , *OILSEED plants - Abstract
The aim of this work was to determine the fatty acids (FA), tocopherols, phenols, and antioxidant capacity (AC) of five virgin olive oils (VOO) obtained from the olive cultivar 'Roghiani', from different regions of northern Libya during the crop year 2015. The parameters determined for the oils were investigated for the first time. Seven principal FAs were detected in the VOO samples. Oleic, palmitic, and linoleic acids were the dominant ones. The highest percentage of palmitic acid was found in Tripoli VOO (P ≤ 0.05). Oleic acid was dominant in all the VOO samples. Gharyan VOO possessed the highest value of oleic acid, O/L ratio, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), total phenols content (TPC), total tocopherol and tocotrienol contents (TTC), and ACDPPH % (P ≤ 0.05). A strong positive relationship between TPC and (AC) as (1/EC50DPPH) was observed, (r) was +0.831. On the other hand, (1/EC50DPPH) showed a positive correlation with TTC, (r) was +0.768. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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11. Diversidad en la composición fenólica y capacidad antioxidante de colectas de moringa del estado de Chiapas.
- Author
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Guzmán-Maldonado, Salvador Horacio and Díaz Fuentes, Victor Hugo
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas is the property of Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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12. COMPONENTES FENOLICOS DEL POLEN CORBICULAR COLOMBIANO Y SU CAPACIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE Y ANTIRRADICALARIA.
- Author
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Salamanca Grosso, Guillermo, Hernández López, July A., and Osorio Tangarife, Mónica P.
- Abstract
Corbicular bee pollen is a natural product result from the activity of bees that removed pollen grains from anthers and aglutinate it into tiny pellets, as a nutritional sustenance of the colony. The aim of this work has focused on phenolic fraction and total flavonoids in colombian corbicular bee pollen: antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity. Phenolic fraction observed varies between 11.8 ± 2.22 and 30.6 ± 7.10 mg EAG/g, and flavonoids from 5.67 ± 2.35 to 12.1 ± 1.13 mg Eq. Quercetin/g pollen. The reducing capacity (11.8 ± 2.22 to 30.6 ± 7.10) and (9.00 ± 3.43 and 17.9 ±4.30) µM Trolox/g for FRAP and ABTS respectively. The results are indicative of a significant contribution of phenols and flavonoids, in colombian bee pollen from Andean zones, its removal and concentrations allows the incorporation as additive in food supplements or pharmaceutical products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
13. Effect of air drying process on the physicochemical, antioxidant, and microstructural characteristics of tomato cv. Chonto.
- Author
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Moreno G., Diana Catalina and Díaz-Moreno, Amanda Consuelo
- Subjects
TOMATO yields ,ANTIOXIDANTS ,FOOD consumption ,CAROTENOIDS ,SEASONAL temperature variations - Abstract
Copyright of Agronomía Colombiana is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Evaluación del impacto del proceso de fermentación en estado sólido con Pleurotus ostreatus en las propiedades de la quinoa
- Author
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Mor Llombart, Paula
- Subjects
Antinutritional factors ,Factores antinutricionales ,TECNOLOGIA DE ALIMENTOS ,Protein ,Grado en Biotecnología-Grau en Biotecnologia ,Antioxidantes ,Antioxidants ,Fenoles ,Phenols ,Cinética de crecimiento ,Digestibility ,Growth kinetics ,Proteína ,Digestibilidad - Abstract
[ES] La quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) es un pseudocereal rico en proteínas, fibra y almidón, y fuente de minerales, vitaminas y compuestos bioactivos. Su consumo contribuye a la sostenibilidad ambiental y su alta adaptabilidad a medios de cultivos desfavorables lo convierte en una buena alternativa para abastecer la demanda alimentaria en el futuro. Sin embargo, presenta factores antinutricionales como las saponinas, taninos o ácido fítico que dificultarían su absorción tras el proceso digestivo. La fermentación es un proceso de biotransformación donde intervienen microorganismos que permitirían ensalzar la biodisponibilidad de los compuestos y la digestibilidad proteica. Entre ellos, Pleurotus ostreatus es un hongo comestible con un valor nutricional muy interesante y unas características organolépticas únicas. De esta manera, este trabajo tiene el objetivo de evaluar la capacidad fermentativa en estado sólido del hongo Pleurotus ostreatus en grano y harina de quinoa. Así pues, se estudió la cinética del crecimiento del hongo atendiendo a parámetros como el pH, acidez, actividad de agua, biomasa, tasa respiratoria y sólidos solubles. Igualmente, se analizaron las propiedades nutricionales del producto como el contenido proteico, almidón, actividad antioxidante, polifenoles y ácido fítico a distintos tiempos de fermentación. En general, se observó un aumento proteico acompañado de una reducción notable de ácido fítico (antinutriente) y almidón, pero también de las propiedades antioxidantes del sustrato. La fermentación en grano de quinoa obtuvo mejores resultados en la mayoría de las determinaciones realizadas. En conclusión, mayores tiempos de fermentación (días 12 y 14) permitieron obtener mejores resultados en relación con el contenido de proteína final y la reducción en antinutrientes., [EN] Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) is a pseudocereal rich in protein, fiber and starch, and a source of minerals, vitamins and bioactive compounds. Its consumption contributes to environmental sustainability and its high adaptability to unfavorable environments makes it a good alternative to supply food demand in the future. However, it has antinutritional factors such as saponins, tannins or phytic acid that would hinder its absorption after the digestive process. Fermentation is a biotransformation process where microorganisms intervene that would enhance the bioavailability of the compounds and protein digestibility. Among them, Pleurotus ostreatus is an edible mushroom with a very interesting nutritional value and unique organoleptic characteristics. In this way, this work has the objective of evaluating the fermentative capacity in solid state of the Pleurotus ostreatus fungus in grain and quinoa flour. Thus, the kinetics of the fungus growth was studied according to parameters such as pH, acidity, water activity, biomass, respiratory rate and soluble solids. Likewise, the nutritional properties of the product were analysed, such as protein content, starch, antioxidant activity, polyphenols and phytic acid at different fermentation times. In general, an increase in protein was observed accompanied by a notable reduction in phytic acid (antinutrient) and starch, but also the antioxidant properties of the substrate. Quinoa grain fermentation obtained better results in most of the determinations made. In conclusion, longer fermentation times (days 12 and 14) allowed to obtain better results in relation to the final protein content and the reduction in antinutrients.
- Published
- 2021
15. CAPACIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE Y CONTENIDO DE FENOLES TOTALES EN CAFÉ Y SUBPRODUCTOS DEL CAFÉ PRODUCIDO Y COMERCIALIZADO EN NORTE DE SANTANDER (COLOMBIA).
- Author
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FONSECA-GARCÍA, Libia, CALDERÓN-JAIMES, Lilia S., and RIVERA, María E.
- Abstract
Background: Coffee, one of the most consumed beverages in the world, contains several bioactive compounds such as antioxidants, which have shown effectiveness in reducing the incidence of chronic and neurodegenerative diseases. As Norte de Santander is the birthplace of coffee in Colombia, it is important to study the antioxidant properties of its coffee and of this coffee industry, which delivers several products that may be used as a source of functional substances. Objective: To evaluate the antioxidant capacity and to determine the total phenol content in the coffee produced and marketed in Norte de Santander (Colombia) and in its waste or by-products. Methods: Commercial samples were selected by a survey conducted in 12 municipalities of Norte de Santander. Almonds and coffee waste came from the towns of Toledo and Lourdes. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated by FRAP and ABTS methods and the total phenol content was determined by Folin Ciocalteu (FC). Results: total phenol content was found between 1129 ± 0.000 and 2582 ± 0.000 mg EAG / g coffee and between 52.57 ± 4.767 and 1904 ± 8.288 mg EAG / g coffee, for commercial and unroasted samples, respectively. The antioxidant capacity in commercial samples varied between 3095 ± 0.000 and 6857 ± 8.115 for FRAP and between 224.0 ± 0.245 and 245.0 ± 0.000 μmol Etrolox/g coffee for ABTS. In the case of almonds and waste, the antioxidant capacity varied between 2.265 ± 0.000 and 1894 ± 1.627 by FRAP and between 71.78 ± 0.000 and 233.0 ± 0.000 /μmol Etrolox / g coffee by ABTS. Conclusions: All samples showed antioxidant capacity and total phenols, including coffee processing wastes such as parchment, peel and pulp of the cherry. Therefore, the potencial of coffee wastes as natural sources of antioxidants is confirmed. This study reports for the first time antioxidant properties of parchment and specialty coffees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Características nutricionales y antioxidantes de la fruta curuba larga (Passiflora mollissima Bailey).
- Author
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Chaparro-Rojas, Diana Carolina, Maldonado, María E., Franco-Londoño, María Camila, and Urango-Marchena, Luz Amparo
- Abstract
Background: banana passion fruit is a tropical fruit whose nutritional value and bioactive compounds are little known and have not been studied enough. Objective: based on the nutritional and antioxidant characteristics of banana passion fruit we show the nutritional value and the impact to human health. Methodology: characteristics of fruit and production were described. Proximal composition of the fruit was analyzed. Micronutrients were known by scientific references related to banana passion fruit. Antioxidant capacity was analyzed by DPPH, FRAP and ORAC methods. Results: this is a source of vitamins A, C and niacin, minerals such as potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, chlorine, iron; provides moderate amounts of carbohydrates and calories. The content of total carotenoids, phenols and flavonoids was 118,8 mg pcarotene 460,1 mg galic acid galic and, 1.907,6 mg catechine/100 g respectively. The DPPH, FRAP and ORAC value was 60.843,1 pmol, 8.520,3 pmol and, 20.754,9 pmol trolox equivalents/100 g dehydrated fruit respectively. Conclusion: people in general and the food industry should take advantange of the nutritional and antioxidant value of banana passion fruit as well as raw material to improve the productive chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Preliminary study to optimize the extraction of bioactive phenolic compounds of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd)
- Author
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Julia Luisetti, Héctor Lucero, and María Cristina Ciappini
- Subjects
Fenoles ,Optimization ,Horticulture ,Polymers and Plastics ,Phenols ,Chemistry ,Hydroalcoholic extraction ,Quinoa ,Antioxidantes ,Chenopodium quinoa ,Optimización ,Extracción hidroalcohólica ,Antioxidants - Abstract
Fil: Luisetti, Julia. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Rosario; Argentina. Fil: Lucero, Héctor. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Rosario; Argentina. Fil: Ciappini, María Cristina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Rosario; Argentina. Dentro de los antioxidantes naturales encontrados en la quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) se destaca la importancia de los compuestos fenólicos, cuya aplicación en la formulación de potenciales alimentos funcionales, por sus efectos beneficiosos para la salud, hace interesante su extracción de manera selectiva. Se propone optimizar los parámetros del proceso de extracción de los compuestos fenólicos, sobre la base de un diseño experimental de 3 variables a 3 niveles. Los parámetros fueron temperatura de secado, relación Liquido/Sólido (L/S) y concentración de etanol en el solvente; sus niveles fueron, respectivamente, 40, 60 y 80° C; 20:1, 30:1 y 40:1 y 30, 50, 70% v/v. La cuantificación de los polifenoles se realizó según el método de Folin-Ciocalteu, expresando los resultados como mg de ácido gálico equivalente (AGE)/100 g de quinoa (en base seca). Se obtuvieron resultados entre 179 y 229 mg de AGE /100 g de quinoa. Las predicciones del modelo se correlacionaron con los valores experimentales en un 93,62%. La relación L/S óptima fue 31:1 y la temperatura óptima fue de 54° C. Para la concentración de etanol en el solvente, la variable de mayor influencia en la extracción de compuestos fenólicos, el óptimo fue de 39%. Among the natural antioxidants found in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd), it stands out the importance of phenolic compounds, whose application in the formulation of potential functional foods, due to their beneficial health effects, it makes their selective extraction interesting. It is proposed to optimize the parameters of the extraction process of phenolic compounds, based on an experimental design of 3 variables at 3 levels. The parameters were: drying temperature, Liquid/Solid ratio (L/S) and concentration of ethanol in the solvent; their levels were, respectively, 40, 60 and 80° C; 20: 1, 30: 1 and 40: 1 and 30, 50, 70% v/v. The polyphenols quantification was carried out according to the Folin-Ciocalteu method, expressing the results as mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100 g of quinoa (dry basis). The obtained results were between 179 and 227 mg of AGE/100 g of quinoa. The model predictions were correlated with experimental values at 93.62%. The optimum L / S ratio was 31:1 and the optimum temperature was 54° C. For the ethanol concentration in the solvent, the variable with the greatest influence on the extraction of phenolic compounds, the optimum was 39%.
- Published
- 2020
18. Problemas de oxidación y oscurecimiento de explantes cultivados in vitro
- Author
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Álvaro Azofeifa-Delgado
- Subjects
Antioxidantes ,estrés oxidativo ,fenoles ,oscurecimiento de tejidos ,necrosis ,Antioxidants ,Agriculture - Abstract
En el presente trabajo se hace una revisión de literatura sobre aspectos relacionados al oscurecimiento de los explantes cultivados in vitro, fenómeno frecuente en varias especies, especialmente en las leñosas, con importantes implicaciones prácticas y económicas. Con el propósito de alcanzar un mayor entendimiento del fenómeno se abordan aspectos sobre causas, desarrollo, utilidad biológica, factores desencadenantes, entre otros. Finalmente se indican una serie de medidas y estrategias exitosas que se han empleado para solventar este problema.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Olive oils from Algeria: Phenolic compounds, antioxidant and antibacterial activities.
- Author
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Laincera, F., Laribi, R., Tamendjari, A., Arrarb, L., Rovellini, P., and Venturini, S.
- Subjects
- *
PROKARYOTES , *ANTI-infective agents , *OLIVE oil analysis , *THERAPEUTIC use of olive oil , *ANTIOXIDANTS - Abstract
The phenolic compositions, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities against six bacteria of phenolic extracts of olive oil varieties from eleven Algerian varieties were investigated. The antioxidant activity was assessed by determining the scavenging effect on the DPPH and ABTS.+ radicals. The antimicrobial activity was measured as a zone of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) on human harmful and foodborne pathogens. The results show that total phenols was significantly (p< 0.05) correlated with DPPH (r = 0.72) and ABTS.+ radicals (r = 0.76). Among the bacteria tested, S. aureus and to a lesser extent B. subtilis showed the highest sensitivity; the MIC varied from 0.6 to 1.6 mg•mL-1 and 1.2 to 1.8 mg•mL-1, respectively. The results reveal that Algerian olive oils may constitute a good source of antioxidant and antimicrobial agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Natural antioxidants of the Jaffna variety of Moringa Oleifera seed oil of Indian origin as compared to other vegetable oils.
- Author
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Bhatnagar, A. S. and Gopala Krishna, A. G.
- Subjects
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ANTIOXIDANTS , *STEROLS , *TERPENES , *CHEMICAL inhibitors , *POLYPHENOLS , *OLEIC acid , *UNSATURATED fatty acids , *VEGETABLE oils - Abstract
The Moringa oleífera crop is grown all over India for its nutritious pods, leaves and seeds. M. oleífera seeds are endowed with a high oil content (-39%) which resembles olive oil because of its high oleic acid content (-65-75%). The objective of the present study was to evaluate the natural antioxidants of crude seed kernel oil from the Jaffna variety of M. oleifera (MSO). Natural antioxidants like tocopherols and phenolics as well as minor compounds such as sterols and carotenoids present in MSO and its radical scavenging activity were measured in comparison to dried coconut kernel (copra) crude oil (CNO), crude sesame oil (SESO), crude niger seed oil (NSO), crude palm oil (CPO), crude rice bran oil (RBO) and commercially refined groundnut oil (GNO). MSO contained 88 ppm of total tocopherols with atocopherol (56.2 ppm) being the major tocopherol. MSO also contained 117.9 ppm of total phenolics with gallic acid (48.5 ppm) being the major phenolic. MSO contained fair amounts of sterols (1700.8 ppm) and carotenoids (17.9 ppm). MSO showed an IC50 value of 35.5 mg mL-1. This study indicates that MSO has antioxidant characteristics which are better than CNO and comparable to those of GNO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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21. Polifenoles y Actividad Antioxidante del Fruto de Guayaba Agria (Psidium araca).
- Author
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Zapata, Karol, Cortes, Farid B., and Rojano, Benjamín A.
- Subjects
- *
GUAVA , *ANTIOXIDANTS , *POLYPHENOLS , *FUNCTIONAL foods , *FLAVONOIDS , *TANNINS , *PHENOLIC acids - Abstract
The content of polyphenol compounds such as total phenols, total flavonoids, condensed tannins and phenolic acids of the sour guava fruits (Psidium araca) was determined. These compounds determine the antioxidant capacity, property that expresses the facility for scavenging reactive oxygen species as nutraceutical value of the specie. The antioxidant activity of sour guava was determined by different methods such as DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and ORAC. The results are comparable with those found for common guava (Psidium guajava) and higher than those reported for common fruits such as pineapple, watermelon, passion fruit and melon. In conclusion, sour guava is a fruit with antioxidant potential, which can be handled by various technological methods to get high added-value products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Antioxidant activity of 100% and 80% methanol extracts from barley seeds (Hordeum vulgare L): stabilization of sunflower oil.
- Author
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Anwar, Farooq, Qayyum, Hafiz Muhammad Abdul, Hussain, Abdullah Ijaz, and Iqbal, Shahid
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BARLEY , *BARLEY varieties , *PHENOLS , *ANTIOXIDANTS , *SUNFLOWER seed oil , *OXIDATION , *BIPHENYL compounds , *LINOLEIC acid , *EVALUATION - Abstract
The antioxidant potential of 100% and 80% methanol extracts from the seeds of three barley varieties (Jou 83, Jou 87 and Haider 93) was assessed. The extract yields from barley seeds ranged from 3.23% (Haider 93,100% methanol) to 5.31% (Jou 83, 80% methanol). The total phenolic contents, DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 values) and inhibition of linoleic acid oxidation of barley seed extracts (BSE) were determined to be 88.1-145.7 mg/100g, 90.8-168.6 µg/mL and 62.6-74.6%, respectively. The antioxidant effectiveness of BSE was also assessed by stabilizing sunflower oil (SFO) with BSE at a concentration of 600 ppm (oil weight basis). The stabilized (treated with extract) and the control (without extract addition) SFO samples were subjected to accelerated (oven heating at 60°C for 30 days, 8 h heating cycle/day) storage. These were analyzed at regular intervals for the extent of oxidative changes according to the measurements of their contents of peroxide value, para-anisidine value, conjugated dienes and conjugated trienes. Generally, the 80% methanol extract of barley seeds demonstrated better antioxidant action than the 100% methanol extract. The antioxidant activity of BSE was also found to be considerably varied among the varieties tested. The present results suggest that antioxidant extracts from barely seeds might be used to protect vegetable oils from oxidation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
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23. Antihypoxic and antioxidant activity of Hibiscus esculentus seed.
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Ebrahimzadeh, Mohammad Ali, Nabavi, Seyed Fazel, Nabavi, Seyed Mohammad, and Eslami, Bahman
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- *
OKRA , *ANTIOXIDANTS , *SEED research , *HYPOXEMIA , *FLAVONOIDS , *PHENOLS - Abstract
The antihypoxic and antioxidant activities of Hibiscus esculentus seeds were investigated employing eight in vitro assay systems. Antihypoxic activity was investigated in two models, haemic and circulatory. The effects were pronounced in both models of hypoxia. The antihypoxic effects were dose-dependent. The results indicated that the extracts have a protective effect against hypoxia induced lethality in mice. The extracts showed antioxidant activity in some models. IC50, for DPPH radical-scavenging activity was 234 ± 8.9 µg ml-1. The extracts showed weak nitric oxide-scavenging activity between 0.1 and 1.6 mg ml-1. The extracts showed weak Fe2+ chelating ability. IC50 were 150 ± 13 µg ml-1. The extracts also exhibited low antioxidant activity in the linoleic acid model but were capable of scavenging hydrogen peroxide in a concentration dependent manner. The total amount of phenolic compounds in each extract was determined as gallic acid equivalents and total flavonoid contents were calculated as quercetin equivalents from a calibration curve. Pharmacological effects may be attributed, at least in part, to the presence of phenols and flavonoids in the extracts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
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24. PROBLEMAS DE OXIDACIÓN Y OSCURECIMIENTO DE EXPLANTES CULTIVADOS IN VITRO.
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Azofeifa, Álvaro
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- *
ANTIOXIDANTS , *OXIDATIVE stress , *NECROSIS , *PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of phenols , *WOODY plants , *AGRICULTURAL research - Abstract
The present review focuses on several aspects related to the browning of tissue culture explants grown in vitro. This situation is frequently observed in several species, especially in woody plants, with important economic and practical implications. In order to achieve a better understanding of the phenomenon, this review discusses aspects of the causes, development, biological utility and triggering factors, among others. Finally, a list containing a series of measures and strategies that have been successfully employed to solve the problem is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
25. CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES, PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY FROM PLANT CELL SUSPENSION CULTURES OF Thevetia peruviana
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Benjamín Alberto Rojano, Mariana Peñuela, Karol Zapata, Juan Pablo Arias, and Mario Lobo Arias
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Sucrose ,Antioxidant ,Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Cultivo de células vegetales ,Antioxidantes ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Antioxidants ,Anti-oxidant activity ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Phenols ,medicine ,Extracellular ,Food science ,Plant metabolites ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Cardiac glycoside ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,lcsh:R5-920 ,Thevetia ,biology ,plant cell culture ,Metabolitos vegetales ,Glycoside ,Fructose ,biology.organism_classification ,lcsh:S1-972 ,Fenoles ,Plant cell suspension culture ,chemistry ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Polyphenol ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,medicine.drug ,Thevetia peruviana - Abstract
Cell suspension cultures of Thevetia peruviana were established under dark for 19 days to investigate kinetic behavior related to biomass, substrate, cardiac glycoside, polyphenols, reactive oxygen species and anti-oxidant activity. The results showed high biomass production (18.80gDW/L) as well as sucrose consumption in 7 days. Preferential glucose over fructose consumption was observed. Intracellular production of cardiac glycosides reached 2.58mg DE/gDW at day 19. Highest extracellular production was reached between day 2 and 7 (6.19mg DE/L). Highest extracellular phenolic content was 80.61 ± 5.16mg GAE/L at day 7. Intracellular phenolic content increased to 2.76 ± 0.14mg GAE/gFW at day 7 and remained constant until day 19. ROS production at day 7 could be related to sucrose and glucose total consumption. Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient (ρ) showed that the phenolic compounds in cell suspension cultures of T. peruviana were responsible for the observed anti-oxidant activity. All together, these results give the first steps in metabolic behavior in cell suspension cultures of T. peruviana. RESUMEN: Se establecieron cultivos en suspensión de la especie vegetal Thevetia peruviana en oscuridad, durante 19 días, para estudiar el comportamiento cinético de producción de biomasa, consumo de sustrato, producción de glicósidos cardiotónicos, polifenoles, especies reactivas de oxígeno y actividad antioxidante. Los resultados mostraron una alta producción de biomasa (18,80g PS/L), al igual que consumo total de sacarosa, a los 7 días de cultivo. Se observó un consumo preferencial de glucosa sobre fructosa durante todo el cultivo. La producción de glicósidos cardiotónicos intracelulares alcanzó valores de 2,58mg ED/g PS, al día 19. La mayor producción extracelular (6,19mg ED/L), se alcanzó entre los días 2 y 7. El mayor contenido de compuestos fenólicos extracelular fue de 80,61 ± 5,16mg GAE/L, en el día 7. El contenido de compuestos fenólicos intracelulares incrementó a 2,76 ± 0,14mg AGE/gPF, al día 7 y se mantuvo constante, hasta el día 19. La producción de EROs, al día 7, puede estar relacionada con el consumo total de sacarosa y glucosa. El coeficiente de correlación producto-momento de Pearson (ρ) indicó que los compuestos fenólicos en cultivos celulares en suspensión de T. peruviana eran los responsables de la actividad antioxidante observada. En conjunto, estos resultados brindan las primeras bases relacionadas al comportamiento metabólico de cultivos celulares en suspensión, de T. peruviana. COL0023715
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- 2017
26. ACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE TOTAL DE ALGUNAS HORTALIZAS EVALUADAS MEDIANTE EL ENSAYO FRAP.
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Márquez, Eliosbel, Pak, Nelly, Araya, Héctor, and Rodríguez, José Luis
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- *
ANTIOXIDANTS , *VEGETABLES , *SPICE plants , *EDIBLE plants , *VITAMIN C - Abstract
The total antioxidant activity was measured by the FRAP content of total phenols by means method Folin-Ciocalteu of several vegetables: cress, lettuce, pepper, pepper cap, pepper chay, beet, tomato, white onion, red onion, cabbage and cucumber. The cress, thee varieties of pepper, beet and lettuce were vegetables that exhibited highest total activity antioxidant. The contribution of vitamin C to the total activity antioxidant varies thoroughly in the analyzed vegetables, stading out the cabbage with more than 90 % while lettuce beet and tomato are located in the other (10 %). Finally it was phenols content influences in antioxidant activity but not directly proportional. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
27. Phenols and Melanoidins as Natural Antioxidants in Beer. Structure, Reactivity and Antioxidant Activity
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Alvaro Martinez-Gomez, Isabel Caballero, and Carlos A. Blanco
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Antioxidant ,Polymers ,medicine.medical_treatment ,education ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,Human metabolism ,antioxidant activity ,Review ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,lcsh:Microbiology ,Antioxidants ,symbols.namesake ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Antioxidant activity ,Phenols ,medicine ,Humans ,Food science ,Molecular Biology ,Chemistry ,business.industry ,Melanoidins ,010401 analytical chemistry ,food and beverages ,Beer ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Structure reactivity ,040401 food science ,0104 chemical sciences ,Fenoles ,Melanoidinas ,Maillard reaction ,melanoidins ,Polyphenol ,symbols ,Cerveza ,behavior and behavior mechanisms ,Brewing ,Actividad antioxidante ,business ,human activities - Abstract
Producción Científica, Beer is one of the most consumed drinks around the world, containing a variety of compounds that offer both appreciated sensorial characteristics and health advantages. Important healthy compounds in beer are those with antioxidant properties that attenuate the content of free radicals produced as by-products in the human metabolism, exerting an appreciable effect against cancers or cardiovascular diseases. This work details a study of antioxidant compounds present in beer, focusing on the two main groups: phenols (including polyphenolic forms) and melanoidins, formed specifically during brewing as Maillard products. The fundaments of the most important methods to evaluate beer antioxidant activity, the main antioxidant compounds present in beer—especially those with healthy properties—and the new trends to increase beer antioxidant activity are also discussed.
- Published
- 2020
28. In vitro physicochemical properties and antioxidant capacity of the aqueous extract of Gentianella nitida
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Kelly Nora Carbonel Villanueva, Silvia Suárez Cunza, and Acela Inés Arnao Salas
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Apparent density ,Medicine (General) ,DPPH ,Antioxidantes ,Hercampuri ,Flavonoids ,Antioxidants ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,R5-920 ,Gentianella nitida ,Phenols ,antioxidantes ,fenoles ,Flavonoides ,General Environmental Science ,ABTS ,biology ,Traditional medicine ,Chemistry ,biology.organism_classification ,Ascorbic acid ,Fenoles ,gentianella ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Medicine ,Trolox ,Gentianella ,flavonoides - Abstract
Introducción. La Gentianella nitida (hercampuri) es usada como hepatoprotector en la medicina tradicional. Objetivo. Determinar las características fisicoquímicas y capacidad antioxidante in vitro del extracto acuoso de Gentianella nitida. Diseño. Observacional, analítico. Lugar. Centro de Investigación de Bioquímica y Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú. Material. Extracto acuoso al 4% p/v de la planta entera Gentianella nitida procedente de Junín. Intervenciones. Observación y análisis de las características fisicoquímicas y capacidad antioxidante in vitro. Principales medidas de resultados. Características fisicoquímicas (densidad aparente y materia soluble); capacidad antioxidante total empleando DPPH, ABTS, FRAP; contenido de fenoles totales y flavonoides. Resultados. La Gentianella nitida presentó una densidad aparente 1,032 g/mL. Con el método de DPPH y ABTS tuvo IC50=145 μg/mL y 1,49 mg/mL respectivamente. La capacidad antioxidante equivalente a ácido ascórbico (AAEAC-DPPH) fue 56 (μg AA/mg ss) y la capacidad antioxidante equivalente a trolox (TEAC-ABTS) fue 87,7 (μg trolox/mg ss). Expresado en FRAP, fue 98,5 (μg FeSO4/mg ss) y 55,6 (μg EAA/mg ss). El contenido de fenoles totales fue 65,8 μg EAG/mg ss y de flavonoides 11,7 μg EQ/mg ss. Conclusiones. El extracto acuoso de la Gentianella nitida exhibió capacidad antioxidante que guardó correlación con el contenido de compuestos fenólicos., Introduction. The Gentianella nitida (hercampuri) is used as a hepatoprotective agent in traditional medicine. Objective. To determine the in vitro physiochemical properties and antioxidant capacity of the aqueous extract of Gentianella nitida. Design. Observational, analytical study. Setting. Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru. Material. 4% (w/v) of aqueous extract of the whole plant of Gentianella nitida from Junin. Interventions. Observation and analysis of the in vitro physicochemical properties and antioxidant capacity. Main outcome measures. Physicochemical properties (apparent density and soluble matter); antioxidant capacity using DPPH, ABTS and FRAP; total phenols content and flavonoids. Results. The Gentianella nitida presented an apparent density of 1,032 g/mL. With the DPPH and ABTS methods it had IC50=145 ug/mL and 1.49 ug/mL respectively; the antioxidant capacity equivalent to the ascorbic acid (AAEAC-DPPH) was 56 (ug AA/mg ss) and the antioxidant capacity equivalent to the trolox (TEAC-ABTS) was 87.7 (μg trolox/mg ss). Expressed in Frap, these were 98.5 (μg FeSO4/mg ss) and 55.6 (μgEAA/mg ss). The total phenolic content was 65.8 ug EAG/mg soluble solid and flavonoids was 11.7 ug EQ/mg soluble solid. Conclusions. The aqueous extract of Gentianella nitida exhibited antioxidant capacity that correlated with the content of phenolic compounds.
- Published
- 2016
29. Producción, calidad comercial y nutracéutica de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivado con ferilización orgánica y convencional
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Zavala Sierra, Daniela, Rodríguez Ortiz, Juan Carlos, Díaz Flores, Paola Elizabeth, Alcalá Jáuregui, Jorge Alonso, and CVU: 785309
- Subjects
Fenoles (LEMB) ,Nitrógeno ,Nitrogen ,Antioxidantes (LEMB) ,Antioxidantes ,Phosphorus ,CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA ,Antioxidants ,Fenoles ,Phenols ,Tomates (LEMB) ,Fósforo ,Potassium ,Potasio ,Abonos y fertilizantes (LEMB) ,Fósforo (LEMB) - Abstract
El presente ensayo se hizo con el objetivo de evaluar la producción, calidad comercial y nutracéutica de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivado con fertilización orgánica y convencional, así como observar el papel que tiene la cantidad de elementos nutritivos que se aportan. Cuatro tratamientos fueron establecidos: 1) Abono orgánico con dosis de 6 t ha-1 + aplicaciones de té del mismo abono; 2) Abono orgánico con dosis de 9 t ha-1 + aplicaciones de té del mismo abono; 3) Fertilización química con dosis de 180-90-00 (N, P2O5 y K2O, respectivamente) y 4) Fertilización química con dosis de 270-135-00 (N, P2O5 y K2O, respectivamente). La evaluación comprendió variables de producción, calidad comercial y nutracéutica (compuestos fenólicos y actividad antioxidante). Fueron estimadas las cantidades de N, P y K que aportó cada fertilización y se determinó el nivel de estos en el suelo. Como resultado se tuvo que la fertilización orgánica de tomate con abono sólido de gallinaza aplicada al suelo en las dosis de 6 y 9 t ha-1 , y complementado con tés del mismo material orgánico (diluidos a 1.5 dS m-1 y pH ajustado a 6.5), propició un mayor rendimiento y contenido de fenoles totales de frutos de tomate que la fertilización convencional en las dosis de 180-90-00 y 270-135-00. En cuanto a calidad comercial de frutos no se tuvo diferencias. Las dosis altas, tanto de fertilización orgánica como convencional, generaron mayor rendimiento, calidad comercial y nutracéutica de frutos de tomate. La fertilización orgánica aportó al suelo una mayor cantidad de macronutrientes que la fertilización convencional, en nitrógeno hasta 91% más, en fósforo hasta 176%, y en potasio aportó hasta más de 800 kg ha-1 . Para P y K, las diferencias se reflejaron en las formas disponibles en el suelo, no así en N, que incluso fue deficiente. La acción combinada de N deficiente y niveles altos de P y K, pueden ser la causa de los resultados obtenidos a favor de la fertilización orgánica. The present experiment was done with the objective of evaluating the production, commercial and nutraceutical quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) grown with organic and conventional fertilization, as well as studying the role of quantity of the nutritional elements that are provided. Four treatments were established: 1) Organic fertilizer with doses of 6 t ha-1 + applications of tea from the same fertilizer; 2) Organic fertilizer with a dose of 9 t ha-1 + applications of tea from the same fertilizer; 3) Chemical fertilization with doses of 180-90-00 (N, P2O5 and K2O, respectively) and 4) Chemical fertilization with doses of 270-135-00 (N, P2O5 and K2O, respectively). The evaluation included variables of production, commercial and nutraceutical quality (phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity). The amounts of N, P and K that each fertilization contributed were estimated and their level in the soil was determined. As a result, organic fertilization of tomato with solid manure fertilizer applied to the soil in doses of 6 and 9 t ha-1 , and supplemented with teas of the same organic material (diluted to 1.5 dS m-1 and pH adjusted to 6.5), led to a higher yield and total phenolic content of tomato fruits than conventional fertilization in the doses of 180-90-00 and 270-135-00. Regarding commercial quality of fruits, there were no differences. The high doses, both of organic and conventional fertilization, generated higher yield, commercial and nutraceutical quality of tomato fruits. Organic fertilization contributed to the soil a greater amount of macronutrients than conventional fertilization, in nitrogen up to 91% more, in phosphorus up to 176%, and in potassium it contributed up to more than 800 kg ha-1 . For P and K, the differences were reflected in the forms available in the soil, not so in N, which was even deficient. The combined action of deficient N and high levels of P and K may be the cause of the results obtained in favor of organic fertilization. Administradores Grupos de la comunidad Consejeros Receptores y solicitantes de fondos federales Bibliotecólogos Medios de comunicación Otros Padres y familias Autoridades que crean políticas Investigadores Personal de apoyo escolar Proveedores de ayuda financiera para estudiantes Estudiantes Educadores
- Published
- 2019
30. Estimación de la ingesta diaria de compuestos fenólicos en la población española
- Author
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Navarro González, Inma, Periago, María Jesús, and García Alonso, Francisco Javier
- Subjects
Fenoles ,Fotoquímicos ,Eating ,Folin ,Phenols ,Verduras ,Phytochemicals ,Vegetables ,Ingestión de Alimentos ,Antioxidantes ,Antioxidants - Abstract
RESUMEN Introducción: Los compuestos fenólicos son un amplio grupo de moléculas presentes en los vegetales con diversidad de estructuras químicas y actividad biológica. El objetivo de este estudio fue cuantificar la ingesta de compuestos fenólicos de los españoles. Material y Métodos: Se seleccionaron los alimentos de origen vegetal más consumidos en España, recogidos en la Encuesta Nacional de Ingesta Dietética Española (ENIDE) del año 2011, editada por AESAN (Agencia Española de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición) como base para cuantificar la ingesta de compuestos fenólicos de los españoles usando la base de datos Phenol-Explorer. Resultados: Esta base de datos ha permitido estimar la ingesta media de polifenoles por día de los españoles que es de 1365,1mg. Conclusiones: La ingesta media de polifenoles totales de los españoles podría tener un efecto protector frente a la tasa de mortalidad y ejercer una función preventiva sobre algunas enfermedades crónicas junto con otros hábitos de vida saludable. ABSTRACT Introduction: Phenolic compounds are a large group of molecules present in plants with a diversity of chemical structures and biological activity. The objective of this study was to quantify the intake of phenolic compounds of the Spanish population. Material and Methods: The most consumed foods from vegetal origin in Spain were selected. These were picked up in the National Survey of Spanish Dietary Intake (ENIDE) of 2011, edited by AESAN (Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition) as a basis for quantifying the intake of phenolic compounds of Spaniards using the Phenol-Explorer database. Results: This database has allowed to estimate the average intake of polyphenols per day of Spaniards, which is 1365.1mg. Conclusions: The average intake of total polyphenols of Spaniards could have a protective effect against the mortality rate and exercise a preventive function on some chronic diseases along with other healthy lifestyle habits.
- Published
- 2017
31. Polyphenol-Rich Extracts Obtained from Winemaking Waste Streams as Natural Ingredients with Cosmeceutical Potential
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Melanie S. Matos, Maria Rosário Bronze, Rut Romero-Díez, Ana Ortega Álvarez, María José Cocero, Soraya Rodríguez-Rojo, Ana A. Matias, and Rafael B. Mato
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Physiology ,phenolics ,Tyrosinase ,anti-ageing ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Antioxidantes ,Biochemistry ,Lees ,Article ,Antioxidants ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Food science ,Molecular Biology ,grape marc ,Winemaking ,Wine ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Chemistry ,lcsh:RM1-950 ,food and beverages ,Skin whitening ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Cell Biology ,040401 food science ,wine lees ,Fenoles ,lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,antioxidants ,Vinos y vinificación - Residuos ,Polyphenol ,Anthocyanin ,skin whitening ,Winewaste ,Phenolics ,Cosmeceutical - Abstract
Phenolics present in grapes have been explored as cosmeceutical principles, due to their antioxidant activity and ability to inhibit enzymes relevant for skin ageing. The winemaking process generates large amounts of waste, and the recovery of bioactive compounds from residues and their further incorporation in cosmetics represents a promising market opportunity for wine producers and may contribute to a sustainable development of the sector. The extracts obtained from grape marc and wine lees, using solid&ndash, liquid (SL) extraction with and without microwave (MW) pretreatment of the raw material, were characterized in terms of antioxidant activity through chemical (ORAC/HOSC/HORAC) and cell-based (keratinocytes&mdash, HaCaT, fibroblasts&mdash, HFF) assays. Furthermore, their inhibitory capacity towards specific enzymes involved in skin ageing (elastase, MMP-1, tyrosinase) was evaluated. The total phenolic and anthocyanin contents were determined by colorimetric assays, and HPLC&ndash, DAD&ndash, MS/MS was performed to identify the main compounds. The MW pretreatment prior to conventional SL extraction led to overall better outcomes. The red wine lees extracts presented the highest phenolic content (3 to 6-fold higher than grape marc extracts) and exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity, being also the most effective inhibitors of elastase, MMP-1 and tyrosinase. The results support that winemaking waste streams are valuable sources of natural ingredients with the potential for cosmeceutical applications.
- Published
- 2019
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32. Phenolic fraction and total flavonoids in colombian corbicular bee pollen: antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity
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Salamanca Grosso, Guillermo, Hernández López, July Alexandra, and Osorio Tangarife, Mónica Patricia
- Subjects
polen ,pollen ,fenoles ,avonoids ,Antioxidantes ,avonoides ,phenols ,Antioxidants - Abstract
El polen corbicular, es un producto natural resultado de la actividad de las abejas que aglutinan los granos removidos de las anteras de las flores que forrajean y estructuran en diminutos pellets, tras la adición de néctar y enzimas hipofaríngeas, para el sustento de la colonia. La variabilidad y propiedades de éste producto ha llamado la atención debido a sus propiedades nutricionales. Para el estudio se colectaron y evaluaron 63 muestras de las zonas de bosque húmedo premontano (bh-PM) y muy húmedo premontano (bmh-PM). El contenido y actividad de los fenoles y flavonoides fueron determinados sobre extractos de etanol-agua (70:30). En los extractos, la densidad media oscila entre 0,8840±0.01 y 0.8851±0.01 g/mL, el rendimiento del extracto blando de 3,30±0,70 a 7,10±1,25 g/100 mL. Los espectros UV-Vis de los extractos presentan patrones propios de fenólicos y flavonoides. La fracción fenólica observada varía entre 11,8±2,22 y 30,6±7,10 mg EAG/g, los flavonoides desde 5,67±2,35 a 12,1±1,13 mg Eq. Quercetina/g polen. La capacidad reductora (11,8±2,22 a 30,6±7,10) y (9,00±3,43 y 17,9±4,30) μM de Trolox/g para FRAP y ABTS respectivamente. Una función estructural PLSPATH y sus correlaciones en virtud a las propiedades y componentes responsables de la actividad antioxidante han sido planteadas. Los resultados son reveladores de un aporte signifi cativo de fenoles y flavonoides, en muestras de polen corbícular de zonas altoandinas colombianas, su extracción y concentración posibilita la incorporación como aditivo en suplementos alimenticios o productos farmacéuticos. Corbicular bee pollen, is a natural product result from the activity of bees that removed pollen grains from anthers and agglutinate it into tiny pellets, after the addition of nectar and hypo pharyngeal enzymes. The final product is stored in the hives and used as a nutritional sustenance of the colony. Variability and properties of this product has attracted research attention due to its nutritional properties. For the study were collected 63 samples at the premountain wet forest (bh-PM) and very wet premountain forest (bmh-PM). Phenols, flavonoids, and its activity were determined on extracts using ethanol-water (70:30) as a solvent. Average of density change between 0,8840±0,01 to 0,8851±0,01 g/mL, total extract from 3,30±0,70 to 7,10±1,25 g/100 mL. UV-Vis spectra show typical patterns of phenolic and flavonoids compounds. The phenolic fraction observed varies between 11,8±2,22 and 30,6±7,10 mg EAG/g, and flavonoids from 5,67±2,35 to 12,1±1,13 mg Eq. Quercetin/g pollen. The reducing capacity (11,8±2,22 to 30,6±7,10) and (9,00±3,43 and 17,9±4,30) μM Trolox/g for FRAP and ABTS respectively. A structural function PLS-PATH and their correlations respect to the properties and components responsible for the antioxidant activity have been raised. The results are indicative of a significant contribution of phenols and flavonoids, in colombian bee pollen from Andean zones, its removal and concentrations allows the incorporation as additive in food supplements or pharmaceutical products.
- Published
- 2015
33. Effect of consuming a grape seed supplement with abundant phenolic compounds on the oxidative status of healthy human volunteers
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Rafel M. Prieto, Rafel A. Fernandez-Cabot, Ana Sánchez, Marin Prodanov, Felix Grases, Antonia Costa-Bauzá, Govern de les Illes Balears, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, European Commission, and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)
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Male ,Antioxidant ,medicine.medical_treatment ,humanos ,adolescente ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Urine ,medicine.disease_cause ,Antioxidants ,Catechin ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,fenoles ,Vitis ,Food science ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,mediana edad ,proantocianidinas ,Chromatography ,voluntarios sanos ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,biflavonoides ,especies reactivas de oxígeno ,food and beverages ,Middle Aged ,adulto ,Healthy Volunteers ,extracto de semillas de uva ,adulto joven ,Proanthocyanidin ,Biochemistry ,estrés oxidativo ,Grape seed extract ,Seeds ,catequina ,Female ,Adult ,semillas ,food.ingredient ,Adolescent ,Young Adult ,food ,Phenols ,antioxidantes ,medicine ,Humans ,Biflavonoids ,Proanthocyanidins ,cromatografía ,Grape Seed Extract ,business.industry ,Research ,Oxidative Stress ,Epicatechin gallate ,chemistry ,Dietary Supplements ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,business ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
et al., [Background]: Diverse enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants provide protection against reactive oxygen species in humans and other organisms. The nonenzymatic antioxidants include low molecular mass molecules such as plant-derived phenols. [Aim of study]: This study identified the major phenolic compounds of a grape seed extract by HPLC and analyzed the effect of consumption of biscuits enriched with this extract on the urinary oxidative status of healthy subjects by measurement of urine redox potential. [Methods]: The major phenolic compounds were characterized in a red grape seed extract separated by HPLC with detection by a photodiode array (PDA), fluorescence (FL) and quadrupole mass spectrometer (MS). A nutritional study in a healthy volunteers group was done. Each volunteer ate eight traditional biscuits with no red grape seed extract supplementation. The second day each volunteer ate eight traditional biscuits supplemented with 0.6 % (wt/wt) of grape seed extract. An overnight urine sample was obtained for each treatment. The redox potential was measured at 25 °C using a potentiometer in each urine sample. [Results]: Epicatechin, catechin, procyanidin dimers B1 to B4, and the procyanidin trimer C2 were the major phenolic components in the extract. Epicatechin gallate and procyanidin dimers B1-3-G and B2-3′-G were the major galloylated flavan-3-ols. The forty-six healthy volunteers each shown a reduction of the urine redox potential after the treatment by traditional biscuits supplemented with the grape seed extract. [Conclusions]: This simple dietary intervention significantly reduced (33 %) the urine redox potential, reflecting an overall increase in antioxidant status. Incorporation of plant-derived phenols in the diet may increase anti-oxidative status., This work was supported by grant CTQ2010-18271 from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Gobierno de España), by FEDER funds (European Union), and by grant 9/2011 from the Conselleria d’Educació, Cultura i Universitat (Govern de les Illes Balears). CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain, also provided support.
- Published
- 2015
34. Nutritional and antioxidant characteristics of banana passion fruit (Passiflora mollissima Bailey)
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Chaparro Rojas, Diana Carolina, Maldonado Celis, María Elena, Franco Londoño, María Camila, and Urango Marchenta, Luz Amparo
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Flavonoids ,Frutas ,Minerals ,Passiflora ,Carotenoides ,Antioxidantes ,Vitamins ,Carotenoids ,Vitaminas ,Antioxidants ,Curuba ,Fruits ,Fenoles ,Minerales ,Phenols ,Flavonoides - Abstract
banana passion fruit is a tropical fruit whose nutritional value and bioactive compounds are little known and have not been studied enough. Objective: based on the nutritional and antioxidant characteristics of banana passion fruit we show the nutritional value and the impact to human health. Methodology: characteristics of fruit and production were described. Proximal composition of the fruit was analyzed. Micronutrients were known by scientific references related to banana passion fruit. Antioxidant capacity was analyzed by DPPH, FRAP and ORAC methods. Results: this is a source of vitamins A, C and niacin, minerals such as potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, chlorine, iron; provides moderate amounts of carbohydrates and calories. The content of total carotenoids, phenols and flavonoids was 118,8 mg βcarotene 460,1 mg galic acid galic and, 1.907,6 mg catechine/100 g respectively. The DPPH, FRAP and ORAC value was 60.843,1 µmol, 8.520,3 µmol and, 20.754,9 µmol trolox equivalents/100 g dehydrated fruit respectively. Conclusion: people in general and the food industry should take advantange of the nutritional and antioxidant value of banana passion fruit as well as raw material to improve the productive chain. RESUMEN: la curuba larga es una fruta tropical poco reconocida y poco estudiada sobre su valor nutricional y sus componentes bioactivos. Objetivo: describir las características nutricionales y antioxidantes de la curuba larga. Metodología: descripción de las características del fruto y producción de la curuba larga. Análisis de la composición proximal de la fruta. Se conoció a partir de referencias científicas el contenido de micronutrientes de la curuba larga. Se determinó el contenido de carotenoides, fenoles y flavonoides totales. La capacidad antioxidante se analizó por los métodos DPPH, FRAP y ORAC. Resultados: esta fruta es fuente de vitaminas A, C y niacina, minerales como potasio, fósforo, magnesio, sodio, cloro, hierro; aporta cantidades moderadas de carbohidratos y calóricas. El contenido de carotenoides, fenoles y flavonoides totales fue 118,8 mg βcaroteno 460,1 mg ácido gálico y 1.907,6 mg catequina/100 g, respectivamente. El valor DPPH, FRAP y ORAC fue 60.843,1 µmol, 8.520,3 µmol y 20.754,9 µmol de equivalentes Trolox/100 g de fruta seca, respectivamente. Conclusión: el valor nutricional y antioxidante de la curuba larga debe aprovecharse por la población en general y como materia prima por la agroindustria para favorecer su cadena productiva.
- Published
- 2014
35. ESTUDIO DEL CONTENIDO DE FENOLES Y ACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE DE GUAYABA EN DIFERENTES ESTADOS DE MADUREZ
- Author
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OLAYA ZEA, JULIO ANDRÉS and RESTREPO SÁNCHEZ, LUZ PATRICIA
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maduración ,guava ,antioxidantes ,CLAE ,fenoles ,vitamin C ,phenols ,guayaba ,HPLC ,vitamina C ,Antioxidants ,ripening - Abstract
Este trabajo estudió el contenido de compuestos fenólicos, actividad antioxidante y el contenido de vitamina C, en diferentes estados de madurez del fruto de tres variedades de guayaba de Colombia. Se trabajó con dos de alta producción silvopastoril, la regional roja (RR) y la regional blanca (RB) y una de carácter promisorio como es la variedad guavatá victoria (GV), todas provenientes de la región de la hoya del río Suárez (Santander, Colombia). Se obtuvieron extractos etanólicos y se evaluaron el contenido de fenoles libres, capacidades antioxidantes por ABTS•+ y DPPH•, FRAP, decoloración del ß- caroteno y el contenido de vitamina C por HPLC. La guayaba RB en estado maduro fue la variedad que mostró mayor valor de contenido de fenoles libres y mejores capacidades antioxidantes y la RR fue la que presentó mayor valor de contenido de vitamina C. This work studied the phenolic content, antioxidant activity and the content of vitamin C in different stages of maturity of the fruits of three varieties of guava in Colombia. We worked with two wild varieties, the regional red (RR) and white regional (RB) and a promising character as is the variety guavatá victory (GV), all from the Suárez River region (Santander, Colombia). Ethanol extracts were obtained and evaluated free phenol content, antioxidant capacity by ABTS•+ and DPPH•, FRAP, bleaching of ß-carotene and vitamin C by HPLC. The RB when ripe showed higher value of free phenolic content and antioxidant capacities and best RR was the one with higher value of vitamin C.
- Published
- 2012
36. Antioxidant activity of 100% and 80% methanol extracts from barley seeds (Hordeum vulgare L.): stabilization of sunflower oil
- Author
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Farooq Anwar, Hafiz Muhammad Abdul Qayyum, Abdullah Ijaz Hussain, and Shahid Iqbal
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Hordeum vulgare L ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,Productos de oxidación ,Aceite de girasol ,Sunflower oil ,food and beverages ,lcsh:TX341-641 ,Accelerated storage ,Antioxidantes ,Antioxidants ,Stabilization ,Almacenamiento acelerado ,Fenoles ,DPPH scavenging ,Atrapadores de DPPH ,TX341-641 ,Phenolics ,Oxidation products ,Estabilización ,lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply - Abstract
The antioxidant potential of 100% and 80% methanol extracts from the seeds of three barley varieties (Jou 83, Jou 87 and Haider 93) was assessed. The extract yields from barley seeds ranged from 3.23% (Haider 93,100% methanol) to 5.31% (Jou 83, 80% methanol). The total phenolic contents, DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 values) and inhibition of linoleic acid oxidation of barley seed extracts (BSE) were determined to be 88.1-145.7 mg/100g, 90.8-168.6 μg/mL and 62.6-74.6%, respectively. The antioxidant effectiveness of BSE was also assessed by stabilizing sunflower oil (SFO) with BSE at a concentration of 600 ppm (oil weight basis). The stabilized (treated with extract) and the control (without extract addition) SFO samples were subjected to accelerated (oven heating at 60ºC for 30 days, 8 h heating cycle/day) storage. These were analyzed at regular intervals for the extent of oxidative changes according to the measurements of their contents of peroxide value, para-anisidine value, conjugated dienes and conjugated trienes. Generally, the 80% methanol extract of barely seeds demonstrated better antioxidant action than the 100% methanol extract. The antioxidant activity of BSE was also found to be considerably varied among the varieties tested. The present results suggest that antioxidant extracts from barely seeds might be used to protect vegetable oils from oxidation.El potencial antioxidante de extractos de metanol al 100% y el 80% de semillas de tres variedades de cebada (Jou 83, Jou 87 y Haider 93) fue evaluada. El rendimiento de los extractos de las semillas de cebada vario desde un 3.23% (Haider, 100% methanol) a un 5.31% (Jou 83, 80% metanol). El contenido total de fenoles, la actividad atrapadora del radical DPPH (valores IC50) y la inhibición de la oxidación del ácido linoleico de los extractos de semilla de cebada (BSE) fueron 88.1-145.7 mg/100g, 90.8-168.6 μg/mL y 62.6- 74.6%, respectivamente. La efectividad antioxidante de BSE fue también evaluada mediante su capacidad para estabilizar aceite de girasol con concentraciones de BSE de 600 ppm (respecto al peso del aceite). La muestras estabilizadas (tratadas con extractos) y el control (sin adición de extractos) SFO fueron tratadas bajo condiciones de almacenamiento acelerado (calentamiento en un horno a 60ºC durante 30 días y ciclos de calentamiento de 8 h/día). Estas fueron analizadas a intervalos regulares para evaluar la extensión de los cambios oxidativos mediante la medida del valor de peróxidos, valor de para-anisidina y los contenidos de dienos conjugados y trienos congujados. Generalmente, los extractos de semilla de cebada al 80% demostraron una mejor acción antioxidante que los extracto al 100% de metanol. La actividad antioxidante de BSE varió también considerablemente entre las distintas variedades ensayadas. Los presentes resultados sugieren que los extractos antioxidantes de semillas de cebada podrían ser usadas para proteger aceites vegetales de la oxidación.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Efecto del Atonik sobre la evolución de la calidad nutritiva y funcional de pimientos durante la conservación
- Author
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Serrano Mula, María, Zapata Coll, Pedro Javier, Castillo García, Salvador, Valverde Veracruz, Juan Miguel, Martínez Romero, Domingo Jesús, and Valero Garrido, Daniel
- Subjects
Fenoles ,Pepper fruit ,3309 Tecnología de Los Alimentos ,Azúcares ,Ácidos ,Antioxidantes ,AITEP ,Sugars ,Organic acid ,Phenolic compounds ,Antioxidants - Abstract
[SPA] Plantas de pimiento, tipo Lamuyo (Capsicum annum L. cv Herminio) se trataron con Atonik cada 15 días, durante 4 meses, comenzando el tratamiento cuando se formó el primer ramillete floral. Se recolectaron pimientos en dos momentos del ciclo de cultivo, el 18 de julio y el 24 de agosto y se conservaron a 8 °C y 90 % de H.R. durante dos semanas, tomando muestras semanalmente para analizar diferentes parámetros indicadores de la calidad. El tratamiento de las plantas con Atonik conllevó a un incremento en el peso inicial de los frutos debido fundamentalmente a un aumento del espesor del pericarpo más que a un incremento en el tamaño del fruto. Además, los pimientos de las plantas tratadas con Atonik tenían un contenido ligeramente superior de sólidos solubles totales, en acidez y especialmente en ácido ascórbico, fenoles y actividad antioxidante. Estas diferencias se mantenían durante la conservación post-recolección de los pimientos, por lo que se concluye que el tratamiento con Atonik, además de mejorar la calidad inicial de los pimientos también tiene un efecto beneficioso después de la recolección, manteniendo las propiedades funcionales beneficiosas para la salud a niveles más elevados que en los pimientos control. [ENG] Pepper plants Lamuyo type (Capsicum annum L. cv Herminio) were treated with Atonik, via foliar or in the irrigation system, during four months. Treatment started after the first floral bunch was totally developed (1st March) and finished at the end of July. Pepper fruits were harvested at commercial ripening stage at two harvesting dates: July 18th and August 24th and were stored at 8 °C and 90% RH for two weeks. Atonik treatments led to an increase in fruit weight due to an increase in pericarp thickness. In addition, peppers from treated plants showed higher content on soluble solids, total acidity, ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity than those from control plants. These differences were also evident along the storage time. Thus, Atonik treatment led to an increase in pepper nutritional and functional quality, which was evident at harvest and after postharvest storage. Trabajo financiado por Arista Life Science S.A.S. Nogueres, Francia.
- Published
- 2007
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