182 results
Search Results
2. Challenging Assumptions and Managing Expectations Moving Towards Inclusive Social Protection in Southeast Asia
- Author
-
Roelen, Keetie
- Published
- 2014
3. Moral Support and Performance.
- Author
-
Colella, Fabrizio, Dalton, Patricio S., and Giusti, Giovanni
- Subjects
MONETARY incentives ,BEHAVIORAL economics ,EYEWITNESS identification ,DECISION making ,POWER resources ,MARKET value - Abstract
This study presents unique empirical evidence on the importance of moral support for performance. We take advantage of an unusual change in Argentinean football legislation. In August 2013, as a matter of national security, the Argentinean government forced all teams in the first division to play their games with only home team supporters. Supporters of visiting teams were not allowed to be in stadiums during league games. We estimate the effect of this exogenous variation of supporters on team performance and find that visiting teams are on average about 20% more likely to lose without the presence of their supporters. As a counterfactual experiment, we run the analysis using contemporaneous cup games, where the visiting team supporters were allowed to attend, and find no effect of the ban on those games. Moreover, the ban does not seem to bias the decisions of referees, the lineups, or the market value of the teams, suggesting that the effect on team performance is due to the loss of moral support rather than other factors. Finally, we find that moral support is more relevant when there is equal power between the two teams, suggesting that moral support compensates the power of monetary resources. This paper provides a proof of concept of moral support as an important nonmonetary resource, even in settings with high monetary incentives. This paper was accepted by Yan Chen, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Supplemental Material: The e-companion and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2021.02906. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Longitudinal and Time-Lab Designs in Educational Research: An Alternate Sampling Model
- Author
-
Goulet, L. R.
- Published
- 1975
5. 中国居民水果线上线下消费倾向和行为 及影响因素的实证分析 ——基于2972份微观调查数据.
- Author
-
侯煜庐 and 赵俊晔
- Abstract
Copyright of Agricultural Outlook (1673-3908) is the property of Institute of Agricultural Information, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
6. Combining Continuous Smartphone Native Sensors Data Capture and Unsupervised Data Mining Techniques for Behavioral Changes Detection: A Case Series of the Evidence-Based Behavior (eB2) Study
- Author
-
Rodrigo Carmona Camacho, Enrique Baca-García, Sofian Berrouiguet, David Ramirez, Pablo Moreno-Muñoz, María Luisa Barrigón, Antonio Artés-Rodríguez, Comunidad de Madrid, and Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)
- Subjects
Activities of daily living ,020205 medical informatics ,Computer science ,Automatic identification and data capture ,Wearable computer ,Health Informatics ,Sample (statistics) ,Information technology ,02 engineering and technology ,computer.software_genre ,sensors ,Severity ,law.invention ,Bluetooth ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Phone ,Inertial measurement unit ,law ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,behavioral changes ,Telecomunicaciones ,Original Paper ,data mining ,T58.5-58.64 ,mental disorders ,Identification (information) ,wearables ,Privacy ,sense organs ,Data mining ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 ,computer ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Background: The emergence of smartphones, wearable sensor technologies, and smart homes allows the nonintrusive collection of activity data. Thus, health-related events, such as activities of daily living (ADLs; eg, mobility patterns, feeding, sleeping, ...) can be captured without patients' active participation. We designed a system to detect changes in the mobility patterns based on the smartphone's native sensors and advanced machine learning and signal processing techniques. Objective: The principal objective of this work is to assess the feasibility of detecting mobility pattern changes in a sample of outpatients with depression using the smartphone's sensors. The proposed method processed the data acquired by the smartphone using an unsupervised detection technique. Methods: In this study, 38 outpatients from the Hospital Fundacion Jimenez Diaz Psychiatry Department (Madrid, Spain) participated. The Evidence-Based Behavior (eB(2)) app was downloaded by patients on the day of recruitment and configured with the assistance of a physician. The app captured the following data: inertial sensors, physical activity, phone calls and message logs, app usage, nearby Bluetooth and Wi-Fi connections, and location. We applied a change-point detection technique to location data on a sample of 9 outpatients recruited between April 6, 2017 and December 14, 2017. The change-point detection was based only on location information, but the eB(2) platform allowed for an easy integration of additional data. The app remained running in the background on patients' smartphone during the study participation. Results: The principal outcome measure was the identification of mobility pattern changes based on an unsupervised detection technique applied to the smartphone's native sensors data. Here, results from 5 patients' records are presented as a case series. The eB(2) system detected specific mobility pattern changes according to the patients' activity, which may be used as indicators This study was partly supported by Ministerio de Economía of Spain under project: AID (TEC2014-62194-EXP) and aMBITION (TEC2017-92552-EXP), the Ministerio de Economía of Spain jointly with the European Commission under projects ADVENTURE (TEC2015-69868-C2-1-R) and CAIMAN (TEC2017-86921-C2-2-R), the Comunidad de Madrid under project CASI-CAM-CM (S2013/ICE-2845), Fundación Jiménez Díaz Hospital, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI16/01852), Delegación del Gobierno para el Plan Nacional de Drogas (20151073), American Foundation for Suicide Prevention (LSRG-1-005-16), the French Embassy in Madrid, Spain, the fondation de l’Avenir, and the Fondation de France. The work of PMM has been supported by FPI grant BES-2016-077626. Publicado
- Published
- 2018
7. The Influence of Major Depressive Disorder in Romantic Relationships.
- Author
-
Fîșie, Diana-Mădălina
- Subjects
MENTAL depression ,BEHAVIOR modification ,SOCIAL stigma ,CIRCADIAN rhythms ,SOCIAL change - Abstract
In its nature, humans are social beings, and for this reason, relationships play a crucial role in the daily activities of every individual. In the case of romantic relationships, the behaviors of each partner represent a very important factor in deciding whether or not the relationship is going to last. Behaviors stemming from certain personal disorders influence the way the relationship unfolds. This paper identifies and details both the challenges faced by partners who suffer from major depressive disorder and those faced by individuals who are in a relationship with someone diagnosed with major depressive disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
8. An SIS reaction–diffusion model with spatial/behavioral heterogeneity
- Author
-
Li, Lele and Xiao, Yanni
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Policies and community participation for integrated natural resource management: a review of transdisciplinary perspective
- Author
-
Pani, Amartya and Mishra, Pulak
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Diet and Physical Activity Apps: Perceived Effectiveness by App Users
- Author
-
Qing Wang, Bjørg Egelandsdal, Valerie Lengard Almli, Gro V. Amdam, and Marije Oostindjer
- Subjects
Gerontology ,perceived effectiveness ,020205 medical informatics ,Physical activity ,Health Informatics ,Healthy eating ,Information technology ,02 engineering and technology ,World Wide Web ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,mental disorders ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,physical activity app ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Young adult ,mHealth ,behavioral changes ,diet app ,Original Paper ,business.industry ,Behavior change ,Usability ,T58.5-58.64 ,Healthy diet ,Focus group ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 ,business - Abstract
Background: Diet and physical activity apps are two types of health apps that aim to promote healthy eating and energy expenditure through monitoring of dietary intake and physical activity. No clear evidence showing the effectiveness of using these apps to promote healthy eating and physical activity has been previously reported. Objective: This study aimed to identify how diet and physical activity (PA) apps affected their users. It also investigated if using apps was associated with changes in diet and PA. Methods: First, 3 semi-structured focus group discussions concerning app usability were conducted (15 app users and 8 nonusers; mean age 24.2 years, SD 6.4), including outcome measures such as motivations, experiences, opinions, and adherence. Results from the discussions were used to develop a questionnaire. The questionnaire, which contained questions about behavior changes, app usage, perceived effectiveness, and opinions of app usability, was answered by 500 Norwegians, with a mean age of 25.8 years (SD 5.1). Results: App users found diet and PA apps effective in promoting healthy eating and exercising. These apps affected their actions, health consciousness, and self-education about nutrition and PA; and were also a part of their social lives. Over half of the users perceived that apps were effective in assisting them to eat healthily and to exercise more. Diet apps were more effective when they were frequently used and over a long period of time, compared to infrequent or short-term use ( P =.01 and P =.02, respectively). Users who used diet and PA apps, perceived apps as more effective than users who only used one type of app (all P
- Published
- 2016
11. DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE Y COMPETITIVIDAD: LA VISIÓN DE LA UNIÓN EUROPEA.
- Author
-
Calleja Crespo, Daniel and Alquézar Sabadie, Jesús
- Abstract
Copyright of Informacion Comercial Espanola Revista de Economia is the property of S.G.E.E.I.P.C., Secretaria de Estado de Comercio, Ministerio de Industria, Comercio y Turismo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Panic behavior induces multiple endemic states and backward bifurcation.
- Author
-
Benítez, David and Barradas, Ignacio
- Subjects
BIFURCATION diagrams ,POPULATION density ,COMMUNICABLE diseases - Abstract
The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of drastic behavioral changes on the dynamics of infectious diseases. An SIS model with two classes of individuals with different susceptibilities is analyzed. It focuses in a transition function between both classes of susceptible individuals depending on the density of the infected population. A classification of all the possible bifurcation diagrams that the model can present is done. Specifically, some conditions for the simultaneous existence of backward bifurcation and multiple endemic states are shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Antigen avoidance in people with hypersensitivity pneumonitis: A scoping review.
- Author
-
Kawamoto, Yuko, Oda, Sumika, and Tanaka, Makoto
- Abstract
• Suspected causative antigens were mainly fungi, bacteria, or avian proteins. • Both desirable and insufficient antigen avoidance behaviour were reported. • Continuous and desirable antigen avoidance tended to improve or maintain conditions. Antigen avoidance (AA) is essential for people with hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP). An intervention programme to promote continuous AA in people with HP will be the focus of future research. We systematically analysed the AA behaviour of people with HP, interventions of health-care providers to promote AA behaviour, clinical outcomes after AA, and evaluation methods after AA. We conducted a scoping review using six online databases and manual searches. Papers written in English or Japanese that reported cases on AA were selected. The extracted data were classified qualitatively. In total 205 cases included in 109 eligible papers were examined. This review clarified the fundamental evidence of AA in people with HP. These people required the continuous support of health-care providers to continue appropriate AA. This review highlighted four aspects that require further research to design interventions for promoting effective and continuous AA in people with HP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Viewing Digital Transformation through the Lens of Transformational Leadership.
- Author
-
Philip, Jestine
- Subjects
DIGITAL technology ,TRANSFORMATIONAL leadership ,INFORMATION technology management - Abstract
Digital transformation is primarily studied through the lens of information technology and strategic management. There should be an integration of leadership concepts into this topic considering that corporate leaders are heavily involved in creating a new vision and implementing plans for the transformation. Continued exploration of how companies approach digital transformation and scholarly applications of conventional organizational leadership theories will help reveal the importance of parameters outside the scope of technology and strategy that contribute to successful implementation of new digital technologies. This paper applies dimensions of transformational leader behaviors (TLB) to highlight the behavioral changes that pertain to digital transformation. Because external crises and events could lead a company to transform, either voluntarily or forcefully, this research proposes planned digital transformation and forced digital transformation as two classifications that organizational leaders must recognize and apply dimensions of TLB for successful transformations. There is opportunity to incorporate behavioral elements in this topic area and theoretical models and empirical studies that test the relationship between leader behaviors and follower attitudes during a digital transformation are needed. Furthermore, in the case of forced digital transformation, the current research proposes that these relationships are further nuanced by the moderating role of stereotypical gender norms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Test-takers' perspectives on consumer genetic testing for hereditary cancer risk.
- Author
-
Kilbride, Madison K., Kessler, Lisa Jay, Cronier, Brigitte, Park, Jacqueline J., Cacioppo, Cara N., Beem, Jordyn, and Bradbury, Angela R.
- Subjects
RISK perception ,GENETIC testing ,DISEASE risk factors ,CONSUMER attitudes ,CONSUMERS ,GENETIC counseling - Abstract
Purpose: With few exceptions, research on consumer genetic testing for hereditary cancer risk has focused on tests with limited predictive value and clinical utility. Our study advances the existing literature by exploring the experiences and behaviors of individuals who have taken modern consumer genetic tests for cancer susceptibility that, unlike earlier tests, screen for medically significant variants. Methods: We interviewed 30 individuals who had undergone consumer genetic testing for hereditary cancer risk between 2014 and 2019. We explored participants' pre-test sentiments (7 items), experiences receiving results (5 items), behavioral and health-related changes (6 items), and attitudes and beliefs (3 items). Data were analyzed for thematic content. Results: Most participants reported a personal (n = 6) and/or family history (n = 24) of cancer, which influenced their choice to pursue testing. Before testing, most participants did not consult with a physician (n = 25) or receive genetic counseling (n = 23). Nevertheless, the majority felt that they understood testrelated information (n = 20) and their results (n = 20), though a considerable number reported experiencing negative emotions related to their results. Most also shared their results with family members (n = 27). Overall, participants' attitudes towards consumer genetic testing for cancer risk were predominantly positive (n = 23). Conclusion: This study offers new insights into how individuals use and perceive modern consumer genetic tests for hereditary cancer risk, focusing on their perceptions of the risks, benefits, and limitations of these services. Understanding test-takers' perspectives can potentially inform improvements aimed at ensuring that tests meet users' needs and deliver clinically valuable genetic risk assessments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. The potential of behavioral changes to achieve a fully renewable energy system - A case study for Germany
- Author
-
M.H. Eerma, D. Manning, G.L. Økland, C. Rodriguez del Angel, P.E. Seifert, J. Winkler, A. Zamora Blaumann, E. Zozmann, S.S. Hosseinioun, L. Göke, M. Kendziorski, and C. Von Hirschhausen
- Subjects
Behavioral changes ,Energy system modeling ,Demand-side solutions ,Renewable energy sources ,TJ807-830 - Abstract
The paper provides energy system-wide estimates of the potential and impacts of final energy demand reductions based on behavioral changes in different sectors. Behavioral changes are for example adjusting thermostats or replacing business flights with telemeetings. By reducing demand, behavioral changes are a potentially decisive but seldomly considered factor to support the transformation towards a decarbonized energy system. Therefore, this paper addresses the following question: What is the potential of behavioral changes and what are the impacts on the supply side of a 100% renewable energy system? For this purpose, an extensive literature review is conducted to obtain estimates for the effects of different behavioral changes on final energy demand in Germany. The impact of these changes on the supply side and system costs is quantified using a bottom-up planning model of a renewable energy system. Results indicate that final energy could be reduced by up to 20.5% and as a result, renewable capacity reductions between 13.6% to 30.6% are conceivable. The greatest potential for behavioral changes was identified in the heating sector.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Klimato kaitos švelninimas namų ūkiuose.
- Author
-
Štreimikienė, Dalia, Volochovič, Andžej, and Simanavičienė, Žaneta
- Subjects
CLIMATE change ,HOUSEHOLDS ,ENERGY conservation ,NUCLEAR power plants ,CARBON sequestration ,ENERGY consumption - Abstract
Copyright of Energetika is the property of Lithuanian Academy of Sciences Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2011
18. The impacts of time of day pricing on car user behavior: findings from the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey's initiative.
- Author
-
Holguín-Veras, José, Wang, Qian, Xu, Ning, and Ozbay, Kaan
- Subjects
PRICING ,PASSENGERS ,BUSINESS travel - Abstract
This paper discusses the key findings from a research project that assessed the impacts of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey's Time of Day Pricing Initiative on the behavior of passenger car users. The survey data, comprised of 505 observations, show that 7.4% of passenger trips changed behavior because of the time of day pricing initiative, and that demand is inelastic to tolls with elasticities in the range of −0.11 to −0.24. Passenger car users who changed behavior responded to time of day pricing by implementing multidimensional strategies (3.23 different behavioral changes per user on average), involving behavioral responses such as changes in facility usage, changes in time of travel, changes in the payment type, and changes in mode/occupancy. The most frequently cited behavioral response was to shift mode, either to transit or carpool, and maintain the original time of travel (done in 2.55% of trips), instead of changing time of travel and maintaining the use of the passenger car (0.69% of trips). This reluctance to change travel schedules is undoubtedly a reflection of the limited time of travel flexibility that, on average, was estimated to be 20.4 and 12.3 min for early and late arrival for work-related trips. This, in turn, suggests the need for comprehensive policies, possibly involving incentives or regulations to foster employers' participation in staggered/flexible work hour programs. Such approaches, combined with time of day pricing, are likely to be more effective in balancing car traffic during the day. Other behavioral responses of significance were reduce the number of trips made during the weekday peak-hours (1.65%), and switching to EZ-Pass to take advantage of the toll discounts (0.81%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Pathomechanisms of behavioral abnormalities in Huntington disease: an update
- Author
-
Jellinger, Kurt A.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Non-pharmaceutical interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic: A review.
- Author
-
Perra, Nicola
- Subjects
- *
COVID-19 pandemic , *SARS-CoV-2 , *PANDEMICS , *COVID-19 , *COMMUNICABLE diseases , *HUMAN behavior - Abstract
Infectious diseases and human behavior are intertwined. On one side, our movements and interactions are the engines of transmission. On the other, the unfolding of viruses might induce changes to our daily activities. While intuitive, our understanding of such feedback loop is still limited. Before COVID-19 the literature on the subject was mainly theoretical and largely missed validation. The main issue was the lack of empirical data capturing behavioral change induced by diseases. Things have dramatically changed in 2020. Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have been the key weapon against the SARS-CoV-2 virus and affected virtually any societal process. Travel bans, events cancellation, social distancing, curfews, and lockdowns have become unfortunately very familiar. The scale of the emergency, the ease of survey as well as crowdsourcing deployment guaranteed by the latest technology, several Data for Good programs developed by tech giants, major mobile phone providers, and other companies have allowed unprecedented access to data describing behavioral changes induced by the pandemic. Here, I review some of the vast literature written on the subject of NPIs during the COVID-19 pandemic. In doing so, I analyze 348 articles written by more than 2518 authors in the first 12 months of the emergency. While the large majority of the sample was obtained by querying PubMed, it includes also a hand-curated list. Considering the focus, and methodology I have classified the sample into seven main categories: epidemic models, surveys, comments/perspectives, papers aiming to quantify the effects of NPIs, reviews, articles using data proxies to measure NPIs, and publicly available datasets describing NPIs. I summarize the methodology, data used, findings of the articles in each category and provide an outlook highlighting future challenges as well as opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. LEVERAGING THE POWER OF GAMIFICATION IN CONSUMER DECISION MAKING: HEDONISM VS. UTILITARIANISM.
- Author
-
YILDIZ, Selçuk Yasin
- Subjects
UTILITARIANISM ,SOCIAL ethics ,HEDONISM ,CONSUMER behavior ,CUSTOMER relations - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Marketing & Marketing Research / Pazarlama ve Pazarlama Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Pazarlama & Pazarlama Arastirmalari Dernegi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Assessment of reasonably achievable GHG emission reduction target in Lithuanian households.
- Author
-
Streimikiene, Dalia
- Subjects
- *
GREENHOUSE gas mitigation , *CLIMATE change mitigation , *ENERGY consumption , *SUSTAINABLE development , *SOCIAL marketing - Abstract
Lithuania has developed several important climate change mitigation policy documents however there are no attempts in Lithuania to develop local climate change mitigation policies or to decentralize climate change mitigation policy. The aim of the paper is to analyse climate change mitigation policies in households. The paper presents the framework for the assessment of reasonably achievable GHG emission reduction (RAER) potential in households based on behavioral changes related to energy consumption. The paper presents the results of empirical application of developed framework in Lithuanian households. Community based social marketing approach was implemented and GHG emission reduction potential was assessed in focus groups of Kaunas region county during preparation of sustainable development strategy and long-term strategic development plan for Kaunas region county. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. ENhancinG vAGinal dElivery in Greece through educational and behavioral interventions among maternity care providers regarding labor management: the ENGAGE stepped-wedge randomized prospective trial protocol
- Author
-
Vrachnis, Nikolaos, Antonakopoulos, Nikolaos, von Dadelszen, Peter, Vidler, Marianne, Maroudias, Georgios, Bone, Jeffrey, Sandhu, Ash, Loukas, Nikolaos, Magee, Laura, Roussos, Nikolaos, Kassaris, Stefania, Fotiou, Alexandros, Zygouris, Dimitrios, Adonakis, Georgios, Akrivis, Christodoulos, Antsaklis, Aris, Athanasiadis, Apostolos, Bontis, Nikolaos, Daniilidis, Angelos, Daponte, Alexandros, Daskalakis, Georgios, Deligeoroglou, Efthimios, Dinas, Konstantinos, Drakakis, Peter, Gerede, Angeliki, Grimbizis, Grigorios, Iacovidou, Nicoletta, Kambas, Nikolaos, Katasos, Theodoros, Katsetos, Christos, Katsikis, Ilias, Makrigiannakis, Antonios, Matalliotakis, Michail, Messini, Christina, Mikos, Themis, Nikolettos, Nikolaos, Pados, Georgios, Paschopoulos, Minas, Patsouras, Konstantinos, Siahanidou, Soultana, Sioulas, Vasileios, Skentou, Chara, Stavros, Sofoklis, Temmerman, Marleen, Tsikouras, Panagiotis, Tsitsis, Vasilios, Vlahos, Nikolaos, Rodolakis, Alexandros, Papageorghiou, Aris, and Loutradis, Dimitrios
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Common misconceptions and myths about ovarian cancer causation: a national cross-sectional study from palestine
- Author
-
Elshami, Mohamedraed, Jaber, Inas, Alser, Mohammed, Al-Slaibi, Ibrahim, Jabr, Hadeel, Ubaiat, Sara, Tuffaha, Aya, Khader, Salma, Khraishi, Reem, Arafeh, Zeina Abu, Al-Madhoun, Sondos, Alqattaa, Aya, Yaseen, Areej, El Hadi, Asmaa Abd, Barhoush, Ola, Hijazy, Maysun, Eleyan, Tamara, Alser, Amany, Hziema, Amal Abu, Shatat, Amany, Almakhtoob, Falasteen, Mohamad, Balqees, Farhat, Walaa, Abuamra, Yasmeen, Mousa, Hanaa, Adawi, Reem, Musallam, Alaa, Albarqi, Shurouq I., Abu-El-Noor, Nasser, and Bottcher, Bettina
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Myths and common misbeliefs about cervical cancer causation among Palestinian women: a national cross-sectional study
- Author
-
Elshami, Mohamedraed, Abukmail, Hanan, Thalji, Mariam, Al-Slaibi, Ibrahim, Alser, Mohammed, Radaydeh, Afnan, Alfuqaha, Alaa, Khader, Salma, Khatib, Lana, Fannoun, Nour, Ahmad, Bisan, Kassab, Lina, Khrishi, Hiba, Elhussaini, Deniz, Abed, Nour, Nammari, Aya, Abdallah, Tumodir, Alqudwa, Zaina, Idais, Shahd, Tanbouz, Ghaid, Hajajreh, Ma’alem, Selmiyh, Hala Abu, Abo-Hajouj, Zakia, Hebi, Haya, Zamel, Manar, Skaik, Refqa Najeeb, Hammoud, Lama, Rjoub, Saba, Ayesh, Hadeel, Rjoub, Toqa, Zakout, Rawan, Alser, Amany, Albarqi, Shurouq I., Abu-El-Noor, Nasser, and Bottcher, Bettina
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. How, and for whom, will activity patterns be modified by self-driving cars? Expectations from the state of Georgia.
- Author
-
Kim, Sung Hoo, Mokhtarian, Patricia L., and Circella, Giovanni
- Subjects
- *
DRIVERLESS cars , *EXPLORATORY factor analysis , *AUTONOMOUS vehicles , *APPLIED psychology - Abstract
• 16 AV-based activity changes yield 4 dimensions, e.g. distance , frequency , time use. • Employed non-mean-centered (NMC) factor scores, preserving face meaning of neutral. • Confirmed substantial discrepancy between traditional mean-centered and NMC scores. • Six segments identified, e.g. change unlikely , longer trips , and more travel • Leisure/long distance : wealthier, Atlanta. No change, change unlikely : older, rural. Many studies have explored travelers' perceptions of self-driving cars (or autonomous vehicles, AVs) and their potential impacts. However, medium-term modifications in activity patterns (such as increasing trip frequencies and changing destinations) have been less explored. Using 2017–2018 survey data collected in the US state of Georgia, this paper (1) measures (at a general level) how people expect their activity patterns to change in a hypothetical all-AV era; (2) identifies population segments having similar profiles of expected changes; and (3) further profiles each segment on the basis of attitudinal, sociodemographic, and geographic characteristics. In the survey, respondents were asked to express their expectations regarding 16 potential activity modifications induced by AVs. We first conducted an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to reduce the dimensionality of the activity-change vector characterizing each individual, and estimated non-mean-centered (NMC) factor scores (which have been rarely used in applied psychology). The EFA solution identified four dimensions of activity change: distance , time flexibility , frequency , and long distance/leisure. Next, we clustered Georgians with respect to these four-dimensional expectation vectors. The cluster solution uncovered six segments: no change , change unlikely , more leisure/long distance , longer trips , more travel , and time flexibility & more leisure/long distance. Using NMC factor scores identified considerably more inertia with respect to expectations for change than would have been apparent from the usual mean-centered scores. Finally, the various segments exhibit distinctive demographics and general attitudes. For example, those in the more leisure/long distance cluster tend to be higher income and are more likely to be Atlanta-region residents compared to other clusters, while those in the no change and change unlikely clusters tend to be older and are more likely to be rural residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. An Intervention to Reduce Risk Factors for Adolescent Pregnancy
- Author
-
Elizabeth Reed, Principal Investigator
- Published
- 2022
28. The price of quietness: How a pandemic affects city dwellers' response to road traffic noise.
- Author
-
Wang, Yao-pei, Tu, Yong, and Fan, Yi
- Subjects
TRAFFIC noise ,CITY dwellers ,URBAN transportation ,PRICES ,HUMAN settlements ,RENTAL housing ,URBAN agriculture - Abstract
• Causal effect of COVID-19 on changing housing behavior toward road traffic noise. • Estimate city dwellers' willingness to pay for quietness. • Booms in e-commerce and remote work explain for the behavioral change. • New challenges for development of sustainable cities and transportation. Using the outbreak of COVID-19 in Singapore as a quasi-natural experiment, we investigate tenants' changing responses to road traffic noise in the rental housing market, using 46,980 transaction records between 2006 and 2022. Our difference-in-differences estimates show that road traffic noise decreases housing rents by 3.8% immediately after the pandemic outbreak and further declines by 12.7% in the subsequent year—equivalent to 186.7 US dollars per month. The results are robust to parallel trend analysis, permutation placebo tests, and tests using alternative distance thresholds or distance to the nearest main road. Then, we adopt a machine learning text analysis of 10,425 rental housing advertisements, showing that tenants' preference for quietness increases by approximately 10% from 2019 into 2020. The new work-from-home business model and rising traffic from delivery services can explain for this pattern. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper using a large volume of transaction records to quantify city dwellers' willingness to pay for quietness in the COVID-19 context. Our results have policy implications for other nations and post-pandemic era on the interaction among urban planning, transport networks, and human settlements, and shed light on the pathway to achieve sustainable development goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Impact on mental health due to COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study in Bangladesh.
- Author
-
Pathan, Refat Khan, Biswas, Munmun, Yasmin, Suraiya, Uddin, Mohammad Amaz, Das, Anindya, Khandaker, Mayeen Uddin, Faruque, M. R. I., and Sarker, Moniruzzaman
- Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic ,TELECOMMUTING ,APRIORI algorithm ,EMPLOYEE rules ,INFECTIOUS disease transmission ,JOB stress - Abstract
The government of Bangladesh has implemented the "Stay Home" policy following the WHO recommendation to resist the community transmission of Covid-19. As a result, the routine activities of all government, semi-government establishments, including educational institutions, are severely affected, and the country's economic growth becomes slowed down. To overcome such a situation, the relevant authorities have introduced the "Work from Home" policy for the employees and "Remote Education" for students. However, due to the persistence of multi-dimensional socio-economic problems, many employees and students face big challenges in performing their regular jobs while adopting such a policy. Consequently, enormous psychological anxiety has been developed for all people, including students, parents, employees, etc., and concurrently created severe changes in their behavior. This study aims to analyze the reasons for the behavioral changes of the employees, students, academic staff, and family members of different ages due to psychological anxiety, stress, or physical issues. A comprehensive online-based survey has been carried out on people working in various sectors in Bangladesh. A modified Apriori Algorithm has been used to sort out the associations between the causes and types of behavioral changes. Analyzed data revealed a massive human behavioral change in most participants. This finding indicates that the negligence of those significant human behavioral changes may cause a higher risk of creating psychological imbalance. Therefore, there is a need to have a solid understanding of the reasons for the behavioral changes and set up standard guidelines to maintain "Work from Home" in this Covid- 19 situation to avoid psychological imbalance. Based on this study, some suggestions have been given for implementation by the government on an urgent basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Caregiver burden in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is more dependent on patients' behavioral changes than physical disability: a comparative.
- Author
-
Lillo, Patricia, Mioshi, Eneida, and Hodges, John R
- Subjects
CAREGIVERS ,AMYOTROPHIC lateral sclerosis ,NEUROMUSCULAR diseases ,HUNTINGTON disease ,MOTOR neuron diseases - Abstract
Background: Behavioral changes in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) mirror those found in frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Considering the high rate of neuropsychiatric symptoms found in ALS patients, this paper examines whether caregiver burden is associated with behavioral changes over and above the physical disability of patients with ALS, and if the presence of caregivers' depression, anxiety and stress also impacts on caregiver burden. Methods: 140 caregivers of patients with ALS participated in a postal survey investigating patients' neuropsychiatric symptoms (Cambridge Behaviour Inventory Revised CBI-R), motor function (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale Revised - ALSFRS-R), caregiver burden (Zarit Burden Interview), and caregiver mood (Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale- DASS21). Seventy four percent of them were caregivers of patients with limb onset and 25.7% were caregivers of patients with bulbar onset. Results: Moderate to severe behavioral changes were reported in 10-40% of patients with ALS. The levels ofd epression, anxiety and stress in the caregivers reached 20%. Burden was high in 48% of the caregivers. The strongest predictor of high caregiver burden was ALS patients' abnormal behavior rather than physical disability, with an odds ratio of 1.4, followed by caregivers' stress. Conclusions: Our study has identified that behavioral changes (e.g. disinhibition, impulsivity) and caregiver stress have greater impact on caregiver burden than level and pattern of physical disability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. The impact of household behavioral changes on GHG emission reduction in Lithuania
- Author
-
Streimikiene, Dalia and Volochovic, Andzej
- Subjects
- *
GREENHOUSE gas mitigation , *HOUSEHOLDS , *CLIMATE change , *ENERGY consumption , *SUSTAINABLE development - Abstract
Abstract: It is commonly understood that households must change their behavior to reduce problems related increased energy consumption and climate change therefore in the search of cheap GHG emission reduction measures households are an important target group because they are responsible for more than 20% of total energy consumption in developed countries. In addition waste management and responsible consumption of products are the key issues in GHG emission reduction. The aim of the paper is to assess GHG emission reduction potential in households in terms of behavioral changes towards sustainable consumption. The review of literature on analysis of households behavioral changes impact on GHG emission reduction was performed; the daily survey of household agenda and energy use records were performed in Lithuania for two scenarios – baseline and GHG emission reduction scenario including energy saving. GHG emission reduction potential in household was assessed based on daily survey data and energy consumption records by applying carbon calculator based on modified coefficients. Evaluated GHG emission reduction potential in households was compared with GHG emission reduction potentials in other sectors of Lithuania. Based on analysis performed in the paper the tools to promote household behavioral changes towards sustainable consumption were proposed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Animal behavior in urban ecosystems: Modifications due to human-induced stress.
- Author
-
Ditchkoff, Stephen S., Saalfeld, Sarah T., and Gibson, Charles J.
- Subjects
ANIMAL behavior ,BIOTIC communities ,HUMAN-animal relationships ,BIOLOGISTS ,ECOLOGY - Abstract
Wildlife-human interactions are increasing in prevalence as urban sprawl continues to encroach into rural areas. Once considered to be unsuitable habitat for most wildlife species, urban/suburban areas now host an array of wildlife populations, many of which were previously restricted to rural or pristine habitats. The presence of some wildlife species in close proximity to dense human populations can create conflict, forcing resource managers to address issues relating to urban wildlife. However, evidence suggests that wildlife residing in urban areas may not exhibit the same life history traits as their rural counterparts because of adaptation to human-induced stresses. This creates difficulty for biologists or managers that must address problems associated with urban wildlife. Population control or mitigation efforts aimed at urban wildlife require detailed knowledge of the habits of wildlife populations in urban areas. This paper describes the history of wildlife in urban areas, provides examples of wildlife populations that have modified their behavior as an adaptation to urban stresses, and discusses the challenges that resource managers face when dealing with urban wildlife. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. SOCRATES: an online tool leveraging a social contact data sharing initiative to assess mitigation strategies for COVID-19
- Author
-
Willem, Lander, Van Hoang, Thang, Funk, Sebastian, Coletti, Pietro, Beutels, Philippe, and Hens, Niel
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Evaluating the effectiveness and feasibility of nurse-led distant and face-to-face interviews programs for promoting behavioral change and disease management in patients with diabetic nephropathy: a triangulation approach
- Author
-
Kazawa, Kana, Osaki, Kanae, Rahman, Md Moshiur, and Moriyama, Michiko
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. The potential of behavioral changes to achieve a fully renewable energy system - A case study for Germany
- Author
-
Eerma, Mirjam Helena, Manning, Dylan, Økland, Gro Lill, Rodgriguez del Angel, Citlali, Seifert, Paul, Winkler, Johanna, Zamora Blaumann, Alfredo, Zozmann, Elmar, Hosseinioun, Seyedsaeed, Göke, Leonard, Kendziorski, Mario, and von Hirschhausen, Christian
- Subjects
333 Boden- und Energiewirtschaft ,Behavioral changes ,Modellering av energisytemer ,Energy system modeling ,Demand-side solutions - Abstract
The paper provides energy system-wide estimates of the potential and impacts of final energy demand reductions based on behavioral changes in different sectors. Behavioral changes are for example adjusting thermostats or replacing business flights with telemeetings. By reducing demand, behavioral changes are a potentially decisive but seldomly considered factor to support the transformation towards a decarbonized energy system. Therefore, this paper addresses the following question: What is the potential of behavioral changes and what are the impacts on the supply side of a 100% renewable energy system? For this purpose, an extensive literature review is conducted to obtain estimates for the effects of different behavioral changes on final energy demand in Germany. The impact of these changes on the supply side and system costs is quantified using a bottom-up planning model of a renewable energy system. Results indicate that final energy could be reduced by up to 20.5% and as a result, renewable capacity reductions between 13.6% to 30.6% are conceivable. The greatest potential for behavioral changes was identified in the heating sector.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Institutional Reconstruction of Promoting and Maintaining the Level of Compliance with Health Protocols in Indonesia during the Pandemic.
- Author
-
Adnan, Ricardi S., Harmadi, Sonny Harry B., Hardjosoekarto, Sudarsono, and Muhammaditya, Nur
- Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic ,PANDEMICS ,SOCIAL network analysis - Abstract
This article aimed to observe the efforts of Indonesia and the problems faced in fighting the COVID-19 pandemic regarding the indecisive public policy and the reluctance of people from all walks of life to comply with the Health Protocols (HP) from the perspective of sociological institutionalism (Nee 2003; Nee and Opper 2015). A two-step variant of SSM-based multi method by Muhammaditya et al. (2021) was applied by inserting (1) Textual Network Analysis by Segev (2020) at stage 1 of SSM to obtain an insightful understanding of the problem situation and to enrich the rich picture, and (2) Social Network Analysis at stage 5 of SSM to expand a skillful discussion on the reality. The research novelty was elaborated in four main empirical facts: First, government policies had initially faltered in dealing with the pandemic, reflected by the dissonance in the statements made by high-ranking state officials. Second, there was a great number of people disregarding HP and pandemic mitigation policies, particularly during annual rites, the end of year celebration, and Eid Al-Fitr. Third, the government encountered a dilemma in issuing policies, whether to remain encouraging economic growth, guarantee the continuity of economic activities, or end the spread of COVID-19. Fourth, the direct involvement of the president in handling COVID-19 had a significant impact in reducing active cases that no province was declared as alert areas in October 2021. Meanwhile, the methodological novelty reflected in broader data and analysis through SNA and TNA methods had enriched the practice of SSM in finding sharper conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. How, and for whom, will activity patterns be modified by self-driving cars? Expectations from the state of Georgia
- Author
-
Kim, SH, Mokhtarian, PL, and Circella, G
- Subjects
Autonomous vehicles ,Behavioral changes ,K-means cluster analysis ,Non-mean-centered factor scores ,Segmentation ,Transportation and Freight Services ,Psychology ,Logistics & Transportation - Abstract
Many studies have explored travelers’ perceptions of self-driving cars (or autonomous vehicles, AVs) and their potential impacts. However, medium-term modifications in activity patterns (such as increasing trip frequencies and changing destinations) have been less explored. Using 2017–2018 survey data collected in the US state of Georgia, this paper (1) measures (at a general level) how people expect their activity patterns to change in a hypothetical all-AV era; (2) identifies population segments having similar profiles of expected changes; and (3) further profiles each segment on the basis of attitudinal, sociodemographic, and geographic characteristics. In the survey, respondents were asked to express their expectations regarding 16 potential activity modifications induced by AVs. We first conducted an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to reduce the dimensionality of the activity-change vector characterizing each individual, and estimated non-mean-centered (NMC) factor scores (which have been rarely used in applied psychology). The EFA solution identified four dimensions of activity change: distance, time flexibility, frequency, and long distance/leisure. Next, we clustered Georgians with respect to these four-dimensional expectation vectors. The cluster solution uncovered six segments: no change, change unlikely, more leisure/long distance, longer trips, more travel, and time flexibility & more leisure/long distance. Using NMC factor scores identified considerably more inertia with respect to expectations for change than would have been apparent from the usual mean-centered scores. Finally, the various segments exhibit distinctive demographics and general attitudes. For example, those in the more leisure/long distance cluster tend to be higher income and are more likely to be Atlanta-region residents compared to other clusters, while those in the no change and change unlikely clusters tend to be older and are more likely to be rural residents.
- Published
- 2020
38. Toll-Like Receptor 4 Plays a Significant Role in the Biochemical and Neurological Alterations Observed in Two Distinct Mice Models of Huntington’s Disease
- Author
-
Martínez-Gopar, Pablo E., Pérez-Rodríguez, Marian J., Angeles-López, Quetzalli D., Tristán-López, Luis, González-Espinosa, Claudia, and Pérez-Severiano, Francisca
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Behavioral Changes in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis.
- Author
-
Heldner, Mirjam R., Kaufmann-Ezra, Sigal, Gutbrod, Klemens, Bernasconi, Corrado, Bigi, Sandra, Blatter, Verena, Mattle, Heinrich P., Müri, René M., Verma, Rajeev K., and Kamm, Christian P.
- Subjects
BEHAVIOR modification ,MULTIPLE sclerosis ,COGNITION disorders ,PSYCHOLOGY ,PATIENTS - Abstract
Background: Behavioral changes are common in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), however not as readily recognized as cognitive impairments. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze behavioral changes and its relation to disease characteristics, disability, and cognitive impairments in patients with MS. Method: This is a single-center cross-sectional study. A detailed neuropsychological examination, including the Frontal Systems Behavior Scale (FrSBe), the Beck depression inventory (BDI), and the Wuerzburg Fatigue Inventory for Multiple Sclerosis (WEIMuS) test, was performed. FrSBe results were correlated with disease characteristics, disability, and cognitive assessments. Results: 66 patients were enrolled (mean age: 43.4 years; disease duration: 9.3 years; Expanded Disability Status Scale: 3.0). Up to one third of patients showed behavioral changes in at least one domain or the total score of the FrSBe. Patients were mildly affected with regard to cognitive functioning. Consistent correlation was found between behavioral changes and fatigue (WEIMuS) and depressive symptoms (BDI), but not with disease characteristics, disability, or cognitive functions. There was an increase of behavioral changes on all FrSBe scales in the current status compared to the retrospectively rated status before disease onset. Self- and family ratings with regard to current behavioral changes were similar. Conclusion: Behavioral changes are common in otherwise mildly affected MS patients with up to one third being affected. In this patient cohort, behavioral changes occur largely independent of disease characteristics, physical disability, and cognitive functioning but correlate with both fatigue and depressive symptoms. Therefore, they should be tested specifically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Behavioral Interventions on Periodontitis Patients to Improve Oral Hygiene: A Systematic Review.
- Author
-
Vilar Doceda, Maria, Petit, Catherine, and Huck, Olivier
- Subjects
ORAL hygiene ,PSYCHOTHERAPY ,COGNITIVE therapy ,PERIODONTITIS ,SOCIAL cognitive theory - Abstract
This systematic review aimed to investigate the impact of different psychological models, strategies, and methods to improve plaque control and/or gingival inflammation in patients with periodontal diseases. Methods: The PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Embase online databases were explored to identify relevant studies published before October 2022. Articles investigating the effects of different psychological approaches and intervention strategies on periodontitis patients' oral hygiene (OH) behavioral change were screened. Results: 5460 articles were identified, and 21 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. In total, 2 studies tested audio-visual modalities, and the remaining 19 publications involved six psychological models of health-related behavioral interventions, including Social Cognitive Theory, the Theory of Planned Behavior, the Health Action Process Approach, Leventhal's self-regulatory theory, Motivational Interviewing, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. A meta-analysis of the results was not carried out due to the high heterogeneity among the interventions. Conclusions: Considering the limitations of the available studies, psychological interventions based on social cognitive models that combine some of the techniques of this model (goal setting, planning, self-monitoring, and feedback) may improve OH in periodontitis patients, having a positive impact on periodontal clinical outcomes. Delivering cognitive behavioral therapy in combination with motivational interviewing may result in an improvement in OH as evaluated by decreasing plaque and bleeding scores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. The concept, influence, and mechanism of human work interruptions based on the grounded theory.
- Author
-
Xiao Pan, Xiaokang Zhao, and Huali Shen
- Subjects
GROUNDED theory ,PERSONNEL management ,VIRTUAL work ,JOB descriptions ,HUMAN beings - Abstract
With the development of mobile communication technology and the transformation of work methods and modes, work interruptions have become ubiquitous challenges for employees in the workplace. Less attention has been paid to work interruptions in China, especially the research on human work interruptions, which is different from virtual work interruptions. The present study carried out an in-depth interview with 29 employees. Based on the grounded theory method, a psychological and behavioral mechanism model of employees facing human work interruptions, namely, the "human work interruptions-cognitive appraisals-affective responses-behavioral changes" model, was constructed. It is found that (1) cognitive appraisals are the causes of different affective responses and behavioral changes of human work interruptions; (2) cognitive appraisals are feedback behaviors that refer to the reappraisals of the effectiveness and appropriateness of individuals' affective responses and behavioral changes; and (3) personal traits and environmental characteristics at work influence the affective responses and behavioral changes of human work interruptions at the individual and organizational level. The model constructed in this study further extends the interruption theory and provides implications on how to process human work interruptions in human resource management practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Editorial: Psychosocial, behavioral, and clinical implications for public mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Author
-
Zonglin He, Akinwunmi, Babatunde, and Wai-kit Ming
- Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic ,MENTAL health ,PUBLIC health - Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Food preferences after bariatric surgery: a review update
- Author
-
Alabduljabbar, Khaled, Al-Najim, Werd, and le Roux, Carel W.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Pseudoephedrine hydrochloride causes hyperactivity in zebrafish via modulation of the serotonin pathway.
- Author
-
Zhou, Yini, Li, Tonglaga, Zhou, Shangzi, Xu, Han, Yin, Xiaoyu, Chen, Hao, Ni, Xuan, Bai, Meirong, Ao, Wuliji, Yang, Jingfeng, Ahmed, R. G., Zhang, Xuefu, Bao, Shuyin, Yu, Jianhua, Kwok, Kevin W. H., and Dong, Wu
- Subjects
SEROTONIN ,EPHEDRINE ,BRACHYDANIO ,SEROTONIN antagonists ,LONG distance swimming ,HEART beat ,SEROTONIN receptors - Abstract
This study aimed to explore behavioral changes of embryonic and larval zebrafish caused by pseudoephedrine hydrochloride (PSE) and its underlying mechanism. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 0.5 µM, 2 µM, and 8 µM PSE at 4 h post-fertilization (4 hpf) or 22–23 hpf. Mortality, hatching rate, coiling frequency, heart rate, behavior changes, and related gene expression were observed at different developmental stages. PSE below 8 µM did not affect zebrafish mortality, hatching rate, and heart rate compared with the control group. For embryos, PSE caused an increase at 16–32 hpf in zebrafish coiling frequency which could be rescued by serotonin antagonist WAY100635. Similarly, PSE caused an increase in the swimming distance of zebrafish larvae at 120 hpf. PSE also elevated the expression of serotonin (5-HT)-related genes 5-htr1ab and tph2 and dopamine-related gene dbh. Behavioral changes in zebrafish embryos and larvae caused by PSE may be closely associated with increased expression of 5-HT and dopamine-related genes. This may be reflected that the behavioral changes in zebrafish are a possible PSE monitoring indicator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Association of University Students' COVID-19 Vaccination Intention with Behaviors toward Protection and Perceptions Regarding the Pandemic.
- Author
-
Dafogianni, Chrysoula, Kourti, Freideriki Eleni, Koutelekos, Ioannis, Zartaloudi, Afroditi, Dousis, Evangelos, Stavropoulou, Areti, Margari, Nikoletta, Toulia, Georgia, Pappa, Despoina, Mangoulia, Polyxeni, Ferentinou, Eftychia, Giga, Anna, and Gerogianni, Georgia
- Subjects
COVID-19 vaccines ,COLLEGE students ,COVID-19 pandemic ,STUDENT organizations ,MULTIPLE regression analysis - Abstract
Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic is a serious global health problem. Vaccination is suggested to be one of the most efficacious precautionary measures, in combination with other protective behaviors. The purpose of this study was to explore the association of students' intention to get vaccinated about COVID-19 with protection behaviors and perceptions about the pandemic. Material and Methods: The study sample included 1920 university students who electronically completed two validated questionnaires anonymously and voluntarily from December 2020 to January 2021. Results: Results of the multiple linear regression analysis showed that as the perceived general risk was getting lower, the number of protective behaviors significantly diminished (p < 0.001). Additionally, respondents who believed that they had minor or no personal risk had undertaken significantly fewer preventing behaviors in comparison with participants who thought they had major personal risk (p = 0.006). However, the experience of respondents with people having COVID-19 had statistically significant association with undertaking more preventing behaviors (p = 0.004). Lower general perception of risk had statistically significant association with lower determination to obtain the vaccines of COVID-19 (p < 0.001). Personally knowing someone who had the coronavirus and undertaking more behavioral changes due to the coronavirus situation were significantly related to greater determination to obtain the vaccines of COVID-19 (p = 0.005 and p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: The results of this study can provide universities with the appropriate information about the improvement of COVID-19 vaccination strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Effects of Voluntary and Involuntary Real Lab Situations on Personal Carbon Footprints of Private Households. Experiences From Germany
- Author
-
Seraja Bock, Fritz Reusswig, Christoph Schleer, and Wiebke Lass
- Subjects
real lab ,carbon footprint ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,020209 energy ,Pharmaceutical Science ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,HB1-3840 ,Footprint ,Politics ,Order (exchange) ,corona crisis ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Economic theory. Demography ,Pharmacology (medical) ,voluntary reductions ,behavioral changes ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Consumption (economics) ,Environmental economics ,involuntary reductions ,Work (electrical) ,Carbon neutrality ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Greenhouse gas ,Carbon footprint ,Business - Abstract
This paper compares the carbon footprint effects of a voluntary real lab with those of the involuntary ‘real lab’ provided by the lockdowns during the recent Corona crisis. In a voluntary real lab situation, 100 private households in Berlin (Germany) have tried to reduce their personal carbon footprints over one year (2018). The households have been equipped with a weekly carbon tracker, calculating their CO2e footprint in the domains housing energy, mobility on ground, air travel, food, other consumption, and public consumption. The households have been informed by various channels and supported by a network of 'green' local enterprises and NGOs. It was also possible for them to make use of in-home energy advisors, identifying easy-to-accomplish saving potential. On average, the households managed to reduce their footprint by 11 %, with individual savings of up to 40%. One of the major problems the households have been experiencing was refraining from air travel, e.g. by substituting it by train l. Others identified road safety as a major problem when switching from cars to bikes. With an annual reduction of 10%, carbon neutrality could be reached in or even before 2050. But political decisions are needed in order to change the collective boundary conditions. In 2020, Germany--as many other countries--has experienced a COVID-19 lockdown with substantial restrictions to all kinds of consumption activities (flying, international travel, consumption activities in the public etc.). This work compares the CO2 reduction effects of these two 'real labs', a voluntary and an imposed one, and ask what the relative quantitative effects are. Following that comparison, it reflect upon the similarities and differences of voluntary and imposed situations, and what there can be learned for the implementation of policies for more sustainable production and consumption patterns. 1 In this paper CO2 is meant as a synonym to CO2 equivalent (CO2e), comprising CO2 and other important greenhouse gases such as methane (CH4) or nitrous oxide (N2O).
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Protective effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf extract against oxidative stress, inflammation, depression, and apoptosis in a mouse model of hepatic encephalopathy
- Author
-
Mahmoud, Mohammed S., El-kott, Attalla F., AlGwaiz, Hussah I. M., and Fathy, Samah M.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. A Comprehensive Study on the Mechanistic Way of Hexaflumuron and Hymexazol Induced Neurobehavioral Toxicity in Rats
- Author
-
Hassanen, Eman I., Hussien, Ahmed M., Hassan, Neven H., Ibrahim, Marwa A., and Mehanna, Sally
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. COVID-19 pandemic and mental health problems of adults in United States: mediating roles of cognitive concerns and behavioral changes
- Author
-
Park, JungHo, Choi, Jin, and Kim, Byoungjun
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Reconfiguring Habits and Behaviors in Urban Centers: A Qualitative Study on the Impact of Perceptions on Public Insecurity.
- Author
-
Martínez-Martínez, Oscar A. and Gil-Vasquez, Karol
- Subjects
PUBLIC opinion ,INNER cities ,QUALITATIVE research ,GOVERNMENT policy ,DRUG control - Abstract
After more than ten years of the United States (U.S.)-Mexico's War on Drugs, Mexico continues to experience a crisis of public insecurity. This crisis has contributed to several Mexican cities being described as some of the most dangerous in the world. Drawing on qualitative research methods, this study investigates the effect of increasing perceptions of public insecurity on individuals' habits and behaviors in 46 municipalities in the states of Mexico City, Estado de Mexico, Tamaulipas, and Oaxaca. Data is collected through in-depth interviews in urban areas (N = 184). The results provide public policy insights that could address the crisis of insecurity. An assertion is made that to reform the communities investigated, social violence must be tackled, and we attempt to provide a blueprint for such an initiative in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.