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9 results on '"Mitchell, Edward A.D."'

1. Soil protistology rebooted: 30 fundamental questions to start with

Author

Geisen, Stefan, Mitchell, Edward A.D., Wilkinson, David M., Adl, Sina, Bonkowski, Michael, Brown, Matthew W, Fiore-Donno, Anna Maria, Heger, Thierry J., Jassey, Vincent E.J., Krashevska, Valentyna, Lahr, Daniel J.G., Marcisz, Katarzyna, Mulot, Matthieu, Payne, Richard, Singer, David, Anderson, O. Roger, Charman, Dan J., Ekelund, Flemming, Griffiths, Bryan S., Rønn, Regin, Smirnov, Alexey, Bass, David, Belbahri, Lassaâd, Berney, Cédric, Blandenier, Quentin, Chatzinotas, Antonis, Clarholm, Marianne, Dunthorn, Micah, Feest, Alan, Fernández, Leonardo D., Foissner, Wilhelm, Fournier, Bertrand, Gentekaki, Eleni, Hájek, Michal, Helder, Johannes, Jousset, Alexandre, Koller, Robert, Kumar, Santosh, La Terza, Antonietta, Lamentowicz, Mariusz, Mazei, Yuri, Santos, Susana S., Seppey, Christophe V.W., Spiegel, Frederick W., Walochnik, Julia, Winding, Anne, Lara, Enrique, Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Université de Neuchâtel (UNINE), Schlumberger-Doll Research, Schlumberger, University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Institut of Zoology, University of Cologne, Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Monitoring, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan (AMUP), Laboratory of Soil Biodiversity, Manchester Metropolitan University (MMU), Department of Biology, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Crop and Soil Systems Research Group, Scotland's Rural College (SCUR), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Laboratory of Soil Biology, Evolution des Protistes et Ecosystèmes Pélagiques (EPEP), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (ADMM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Kaiserslautern [Kaiserslautern], Laboratoire de biodiversité du sol [Neuchâtel], Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University [Halifax], Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Johann-Friedrich Blumenbach Institut für Zoologie und Anthropologie, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement (LAE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), French Institute of Pondichery, Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Monitoring, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Center for Pathophysiology, NERI, Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Terrestrial Ecology (TE), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Department of Biological Sciences [Mississippi], University of Southern Mississippi (USM), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964 USA, Geography Department, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St Petersburg State University (SPbU), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Czech University of Life Sciences Prague (CZU), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Soil biology, Ecology (disciplines), Biodiversity, Soil Science, Functional diversity, Biology, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, ddc:570, Microbial interactions, Soil protists, Ecosystem, Protozoa, Laboratorium voor Nematologie, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 2. Zero hunger, Functional ecology, Ecology, Food web, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, PE&RC, Protistology, 030104 developmental biology, 13. Climate action, international, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Conservation biology, EPS, Laboratory of Nematology, Soil fertility
Abstract

Protists are the most diverse eukaryotes. These microbes are keystone organisms of soil ecosystems and regulate essential processes of soil fertility such as nutrient cycling and plant growth. Despite this, protists have received little scientific attention, especially compared to bacteria, fungi and nematodes in soil studies. Recent methodological advances, particularly in molecular biology techniques, have made the study of soil protists more accessible, and have created a resurgence of interest in soil protistology. This ongoing revolution now enables comprehensive investigations of the structure and functioning of soil protist communities, paving the way to a new era in soil biology. Instead of providing an exhaustive review, we provide a synthesis of research gaps that should be prioritized in future studies of soil protistology to guide this rapidly developing research area. Based on a synthesis of expert opinion we propose 30 key questions covering a broad range of topics including evolution, phylogenetics, functional ecology, macroecology, paleoecology, and methodologies. These questions highlight a diversity of topics that will establish soil protistology as a hub discipline connecting different fundamental and applied fields such as ecology, biogeography, evolution, plant-microbe interactions, agronomy, and conservation biology. We are convinced that soil protistology has the potential to be one of the most exciting frontiers in biology. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2017

2. Assessing the responses of Sphagnum micro-eukaryotes to climate changes using high throughput sequencing.

Author

Reczuga, Monika K., Seppey, Christophe Victor William, Mulot, Matthieu, Jassey, Vincent E.J., Buttler, Alexandre, SÅwiÅ„ska, Sandra, SÅowiÅ„ski, MichaÅ, Lara, Enrique, Lamentowicz, Mariusz, and Mitchell, Edward A.D.

Subjects
CLIMATE change, PEAT mosses, CARBON cycle, DEVELOPING countries, PEATLANDS, EUKARYOTES, DROUGHT forecasting
Abstract

Current projections suggest that climate warming will be accompanied by more frequent and severe drought events. Peatlands store ca. one third of the world's soil organic carbon. Warming and drought may cause peatlands to become carbon sources through stimulation of microbial activity increasing ecosystem respiration, with positive feedback effect on global warming. Micro-eukaryotes play a key role in the carbon cycle through food web interactions and therefore, alterations in their community structure and diversity may affect ecosystem functioning and could reflect these changes. We assessed the diversity and community composition of Sphagnum-associated eukaryotic microorganisms inhabiting peatlands and their response to experimental drought and warming using high throughput sequencing of environmental DNA. Under drier conditions, micro-eukaryotic diversity decreased, the relative abundance of autotrophs increased and that of osmotrophs (including Fungi and Peronosporomycetes) decreased. Furthermore, we identified climate change indicators that could be used as early indicators of change in peatland microbial communities and ecosystem functioning. The changes we observed indicate a shift towards a more ''terrestrial'' community in response to drought, in line with observed changes in the functioning of the ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
Full Text
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3. Call to restrict neonicotinoids

Author

Goulson, Dave, Sills, Jennifer, Frey, Hans, Tzinieris, Sarah, Colin, Marc, Edouard, Marchand, Patrice, A., Bastian, Suzanne, Richard, Freddie, Jeanne, Early, Ralph, Herrick, Sarah, Arlettaz, Raphaël, Wubs, E., R.J., Sitters, Judith, Seidl, Irmi, Potthast, Thomas, Karpińska-Kołaczek, Monika, Bücking, Elisabeth, Vittoz, Pascal, Lundgren, Jonathan, G., Stöcklin, Jürg, Guisan, Antoine, Hufty, Marc, Moretti, Marco, Aragno, Michel, Forney, Jeremie, Todorov, Milcho, Todorov, Gilbert, Daniel, Geisen, Stefan, Lara, Enrique, Seppey, Christophe, V.W., Kudryavtsev, Alexander, Theurillat, Jean, Paul, Wilkinson, David, M., Leadbeater, Elli, Glauser, Gaetan, Koenig, Isabelle, Hedenec, Petr, Portier, Christopher, J., Stamati, Polyxeni, Nicolopoulou, Elwood, Bob, Nielsen, Anders, Nascimento, Fábio, Wickson, Fern, Chittka, Lars, Yela, José, Luis, Boykett, Tim, von Weizsäcker, Ernst, Ulrich, Silva, Margarida, Armitage, Sophie, Mertens, Martha, Rembiałkowska, Ewa, Swaegers, Janne, Rosslenbroich, Bernd, Rolff, Jens, Bøhn, Thomas, Geiger, Matthias, F., Radek, Renate, Fritz, Jürgen, Vallianatos, Evaggelos, Fraser, Gail, Børsen, Tom, Kollek, Regine, Loening, Ulrich, Liess, Matthias, Schaefer, Ralf, B., Idel, Anita, Loske, Reinhard, Fischer, Doreen, Antoniou, Michael, Wynne, Brian, Gómez-Ramírez, Pilar, von Fragstein und Niemsdorff, Peter, Vogtmann, Hartmut, Schröder, Winfried, Wägele, J., Wolfgang, Kratz, Werner, Rudolf, Bamberger, Axel, Valentina, Cebotari, Bohlen, Patrick, J., Gordon, Rachel, Wyckhuys, Kris, Amrine, James, Wesley, Cornelisse, Tara, Marquez, Emily, Miles, Albie, Novotny, Eva, Hayden, Nancy, Müller, Eduard, Boulton, April, Wilson, Allison, K., Abernathy, Rella, Callahan, Richard, A., Verzeñassi, Damián, Doebel, Hartmut, Garcia-Gonzalez, Jaime, E., Graham, Charles, Edward, dos Santos, Charles, Fernando, Rodriguez-Cervantes, Silvia, Marino, Damián, J., DiBartolomeis, Michael, J., Hughes, Bill, Måren, Inger, Elisabeth, Lovett, Peter, Yates, Barry, Mineau, Pierre, Alton, Karin, Collins, Terrence, J., Heller, Richard, Scott, Dentan, Robert, Knox, Regal, Philip, J., Raptis, Leda, Wright, Angela, J., Clark, E., Ann, Prof., Nicolas, J., Watts, Meriel, Almeida Sousa, Ana, Catarina, Fyfe, Lorna, Siddique, Ilyas, Blum, Astrid, Juliette, Hambrey, John, Olarieta, José, Ramón, Beckwith, Robaire, Perret-Clermont, Anne, Nelly, Krogmann, Lars, de Vere, Natasha, Seidler, Ramon, Fagan, John, Lambeets, Kevin, Frankie, Gordon, Smith, Janet, E., Seneff, Stephanie, Vandame, Rémy, Hornig, Mady, Davis, Chandler, Anderson, Molly, D., Kenan, William, R., Latham, Jonathan, Weiss, Will, Knapp, Jennifer, Enríquez, Eunice, Raucq, Philippe, Porter, Siobhán, Kelly, Ruth, Hegland, Stein, Joar, Reynolds, James, H., Worthington, Andrea, Petersson, Wilhelm, Rees, Alan, Kozuharova, Ekaterina, Gibbons, David, W., Lucero, Raymundo, M., Oruç, Hasan, Hüseyin, Riede, Klaus, Hendrickson, O., Sultan, Pr, Charles, Safer, Anton, Downs, Craig, A., Hoppe, Peter, P., Tapparo, Andrea, Belzunces, Luc, Janairo, Jose Isagani, B., Chen, Yun, Ru, van Lexmond, Maarten, F.I.J.Bijleveld, Cave, Ronald, D., Michaud, J., P., Weissling, Thomas, J., Ratcliffe, Brett, Woodcock, Ben, Ellis, Marion, Kiljanek, Tomasz, Buckley, Lizette, Garrigue, Claire, González-Ortega, Emmanuel, Noymer, Andrew, Mesnage, Robin, Reumer, Jelle, Whitehorn, Penelope, Donley, Nathan, Strange, Philip, Duncan, Elizabeth, Warren, Martin, Tennekes, Henk, A., Krischik, Vera, Brandt, Annely, Manclus, Juan, J., Pavlaki, Maria, Bartomeus, Ignasi, Pettigrove, Vincent, van der Sluijs, Jeroen, P., Aebi, Alexandre, López, Javier, Hernández, Mitchell, Edward, A.D., Bushmann, Sara, L., Tison, Léa, Kegley, Susan, E., Nugegoda, Dayanthi, Morrissey, Christy, Lima, Maria, Augusta, Morton, Eugene, S., Porrini, Claudio, Daza, Antonieta, Baer, Boris, Codling, Garry, Lu, Chensheng, Marrero, Hugo, Javier, Teixeira, Erica, Weinstein, Schneider, Marcela, Inés, Kent, Clement, F., Monaghan, Kieran, Sadd, Ben, Li, Hongliang, Zaccagnini, Maria, Elena, Delaplane, Keith, S., Fellow, Walter, B.Hill, Brodeur, Julie, Celine, Al Naggar, Yahya, Rosa-Fontana, Annelise, Pestana, João Luis, Teixeira, Tooker, John, F., Menzel, Randolf, Zimmermann, Jesko, Botías, Cristina, Montoya-Baides, Angel, Beaurepaire, Alexis, Varó, Inmaculada, Connolly, Christopher, N., Ollerton, Jeff, Sanchez-Bayo, Francisco, Marchand, Patrice, Giorio, Chiara, Bonmatin, Jean-Marc, Yang, En, Cheng, Nicholls, Elizabeth, Callaghan, Carolyn, Kerr, Jeremy., School of life sciences, and University of Sussex

Subjects
Insecticides, Insecta, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Neurotoxins, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Biology, Insect Control, 01 natural sciences, Ciencias Biológicas, Toxicology, Neonicotinoids, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Animals, Call to restrict neonicotinoids, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Multidisciplinary, business.industry, Pest control, Biodiversity, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, business, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Conservación de la Biodiversidad
Abstract

Neonicotinoids are the most widely used insecticides in the world . They are applied to a broad range of food, energy, and ornamental crops, and used in domestic pest control. Because they are neorotoxins, they are higyly toxic to insects , a group of organisms that contains the majority of the described life on Earth, and wich includes numerous species of vital importance to humans such as pollinators and predators of pets... Fil: Frey, Hans. Geothermal Electricity Generation; Australia Fil: Tzinieris, Sarah. King's College; Reino Unido Fil: Colin, Marc Edouard. Universidad de Aix-Marsella; Francia Fil: Marchand, Patrice. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia Fil: Bastian, Suzanne. University of Brittany-Loire; Francia Fil: Richard, Freddie Jeanne. Université de Poitiers; Francia Fil: Early, Ralph. Harper Adams University; Reino Unido Fil: Herrick, Sarah. University of Manchester; Reino Unido Fil: Arlettaz, Raphaël. University of Bern; Suiza Fil: Wubs, E.R.J.. Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences; Países Bajos Fil: Sitters, Judith. Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences; Países Bajos Fil: Seidl, Irmi. Swiss Federal Research Institute; Suiza Fil: Potthast, Thomas. University of Tübingen; Alemania Fil: Karpinska Kolaczek, Monika. University in Poznan; Polonia Fil: Bücking, Elisabeth. Institute for Forestry Research; Alemania Fil: Vittoz, Pascal. Universite de Lausanne; Suiza Fil: Lundgren, Jonathan G.. Ecdysis Foundation; Estados Unidos Fil: Stöcklin, Jürg. University of Basel; Suiza Fil: Guisan, Antoine. Universite de Lausanne; Suiza Fil: Hufty, Marc. Graduate Institute; Suiza Fil: Moretti, Marco. Swiss Federal Research Institute; Suiza Fil: Aragno, Michel. Universite de Neuchatel; Suiza Fil: Forney, Jeremie. Universite de Neuchatel; Suiza Fil: Todorov, Milcho Todorov. Bulgarian Academy of Sciences; Bulgaria Fil: Gilbert, Daniel. Universite de Franche-Comte; Francia Fil: Geisen, Stefan. Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences; Países Bajos Fil: Lara, Enrique. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Real Jardín Botánico; España Fil: Seppey, Christophe V.W.. University of Tromsø; Noruega Fil: Kudryavtsev, Alexander. Saint Petersburg State University; Rusia Fil: Theurillat, Jean-Paul. Universidad de Ginebra; Suiza Fil: Wilkinson, David M.. University of Lincoln; Estados Unidos Fil: Leadbeater, Elli. University of London; Reino Unido Fil: Glauser, Gaetan. Universite de Neuchatel; Suiza Fil: Koenig, Isabelle. Universite de Neuchatel; Suiza Fil: Hedenec, Petr. Universite de Neuchatel; Suiza Fil: Portier, Christopher J.. Maastricht University; Países Bajos Fil: Stamati, Polyxeni Nicolopoulou. University of Athens; Grecia Fil: Elwood, Bob. The Queens University of Belfast; Irlanda Fil: Nielsen, Anders. University of Oslo; Noruega Fil: Nascimento, Fábio. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil Fil: Wickson, Fern. GenØk Centre for Biosafety; Noruega Fil: Chittka, Lars. University of London; Reino Unido Fil: Yela, José Luis. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha; España Fil: Boykett, Tim. Johannes Kepler Universitat Linz; Austria Fil: von Weizsäcker, Ernst Ulrich. University of Freiburg; Alemania Fil: Silva, Margarida. Universidade Católica Portuguesa; Portugal Fil: Armitage, Sophie. Freie Universität Berlin; Alemania Fil: Mertens, Martha. Institute for Biodiversity; Alemania Fil: Rembialkowska, Ewa. Warsaw University of Life Sciences; Polonia Fil: Swaegers, Janne. Freie Universität Berlin; Alemania Fil: Rosslenbroich, Bernd. University of Witten/Herdecke; Alemania Fil: Rolff, Jens. Freie Universität Berlin; Alemania Fil: Bøhn, Thomas. GenØk Centre for Biosafety; Noruega Fil: Geiger, Matthias F.. Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig Leibniz; Alemania Fil: Radek, Renate. Freie Universität Berlin; Alemania Fil: Fritz, Jürgen. University of Kassel; Alemania Fil: Vallianatos, Evaggelos. United States Environmental Protection Agency; Estados Unidos Fil: Fraser, Gail. York University; Canadá Fil: Børsen, Tom. Aalborg University; Dinamarca Fil: Kollek, Regine. Universitat Hamburg; Alemania Fil: Loening, Ulrich. University of Edinburgh; Reino Unido Fil: Liess, Matthias. Centro Helmholtz de Investigación Ambiental; Alemania Fil: Schaefer, Ralf B.. Universitat Koblenz; Alemania Fil: Idel, Anita. Mediation And Project Management Agrobiodiversity; Fil: Loske, Reinhard. Witten/Herdecke University; Alemania Fil: Fischer, Doreen. University of Kassel; Alemania Fil: Antoniou, Michael. King’s College London; Reino Unido Fil: Wynne, Brian. University of Lancaster; Reino Unido Fil: Gómez-Ramírez, Pilar. Universidad de Murcia; España Fil: von Fragstein und Niemsdorff, Peter. University of Kassel; Alemania Fil: Vogtmann, Hartmut. University of Kassel; Alemania Fil: Schröder, Winfried. University of Vechta; Alemania Fil: Wägele, J. Wolfgang. Leibniz Institute of Animal Biodiversity Research; Alemania Fil: Kratz, Werner Rudolf. Universität zu Berlin; Alemania Fil: Bamberger, Axel. Ceres International Project; Portugal Fil: Cebotari, Valentina. Academy of Sciences of Moldova; Moldavia Fil: Bohlen, Patrick J.. University of Central Florida; Estados Unidos Fil: Gordon, Rachel. Fil: Wyckhuys, Kris. Independent Research Entomologist; Vietnam Fil: Amrine, James Wesley. West Virginia University; Estados Unidos Fil: Cornelisse, Tara. Canisius College; Estados Unidos Fil: Marquez, Emily. Pesticide Action Network North America; Estados Unidos Fil: Miles, Albie. University of Hawaii at Manoa; Estados Unidos Fil: Novotny, Eva. University of Cambridge; Estados Unidos Fil: Hayden, Nancy. University of Vermont; Estados Unidos Fil: Müller, Eduard. University for International Cooperation; Costa Rica Fil: Boulton, April. Hood College; Estados Unidos Fil: Wilson, Allison K.. The Bioscience Resource Project; Fil: Abernathy, Rella. Planning, Housing and Sustainability Department; Estados Unidos Fil: Callahan, Richard A.. Advanced Hardware Architectures; Estados Unidos Fil: Verzeñassi, Damian. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentina Fil: Doebel, Hartmut. The George Washington University; Estados Unidos Fil: Garcia-Gonzalez, Jaime-E.. Universidad Estatal a Distancia; Costa Rica Fil: Graham, Charles Edward. University of the Highlands and Islands; Reino Unido Fil: dos Santos, Charles Fernando. Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul; Brasil Fil: Rodriguez-Cervantes, Silvia. Universidad de Costa Rica; Costa Rica Fil: Marino, Damian Jose Gabriel. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: DiBartolomeis, Michael J.. Toxicology Research International; Estados Unidos Fil: Hughes, Bill. University of Sussex; Reino Unido Fil: Måren, Inger Elisabeth. University of Bergen; Noruega Fil: Lovett, Peter. Form International; Países Bajos Fil: Yates, Barry. Sussex Wildlife Trust; Reino Unido Fil: Mineau, Pierre. Carleton University; Canadá Fil: Alton, Karin. University of Sussex; Reino Unido Fil: Collins, Terrence J.. University of Carnegie Mellon; Estados Unidos Fil: Heller, Richard Scott. Fil: Dentan, Robert Knox. State University of New York at Buffalo; Estados Unidos Fil: Regal, Philip J.. University of Minnesota; Estados Unidos Fil: Raptis, Leda. Queens University; Canadá Fil: Wright, Angela J.. Compassion in World Farming; España Fil: Clark, E. Ann. University of Guelph; Canadá Fil: Verecken, Nicolas J.. Université Libre de Bruxelles; Bélgica Fil: Watts, Meriel. Fil: Almeida Sousa, Ana Catarina. Centro Nacional de Investigación Científica; Francia Fil: Fyfe, Lorna. Queen Margaret University; Reino Unido Fil: Siddique, Ilyas. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; Brasil Fil: Blum, Astrid Juliette. Ceres International Project; Portugal Fil: Hambrey, John. Hambrey Consulting; Canadá Fil: Safer, Anton. University of Heidelberg; Alemania Fil: Olarieta, José Ramón. Universidad de Lleida; España Fil: Beckwith, Robaire. University of Cambridge; Estados Unidos Fil: Perret-Clermont, Anne-Nelly. Universite de Neuchatel; Suiza Fil: Krogmann, Lars. Stuttgart State Museum of Natural History; Alemania Fil: de Vere, Natasha. National Botanic Garden of Wales; Reino Unido Fil: Seidler, Ramon. United State Environmental Protection Agency; Estados Unidos Fil: Fagan, John. Maharishi University of Management; Estados Unidos Fil: Lambeets, Kevin. Natuurpunt Beheer; Bélgica Fil: Gordon, Frankie. University of California at Berkeley; Estados Unidos Fil: Smith, Janet E.. University of Alberta; Canadá Fil: Seneff, Stephanie. Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory; Estados Unidos Fil: Vandame, Rémy. El Colegio de la Frontera Sur; México Fil: Hornig, Mady. Columbia University; Estados Unidos Fil: Davis, Chandler. University of Toronto; Canadá Fil: Anderson, Molly D.. Middlebury College; Estados Unidos Fil: Kenan, William R.. Middlebury College; Estados Unidos Fil: Latham, Jonathan. The Bioscience Resource Project; Fil: Weiss, Will. Valencia College; Estados Unidos Fil: Knapp, Jennifer. University of Bristol; Reino Unido Fil: Enríquez, Eunice. San Carlos University of Guatemala; Guatemala Fil: Raucq, Philippe. WPConsulting; México Fil: Porter, Siobhán. Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute; Reino Unido Fil: Kelly, Ruth. Trinity College Dublin; Reino Unido Fil: Hegland, Stein Joar. Western Norway University of Applied Sciences; Noruega Fil: Reynolds, James H.. Brevard College; Estados Unidos Fil: Worthington, Andrea. Siena College; Estados Unidos Fil: Petersson, Wilhelm. Fil: Rees, Alan. University of Exeter; Reino Unido Fil: Kozuharova, Ekaterina. Medical University Of Sofia; Bulgaria Fil: Gibbons, David W.. The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds; Reino Unido Fil: Lucero, Raymundo M.. University of the Philippines; Filipinas Fil: Oruç, Hasan Hüseyin. University of Uludag; Turquía Fil: Riede, Klaus. Global Register Of Migratory Species; Fil: Hendrickson, O.. Biodiversity Conservancy International; Canadá Fil: Sultan, Pr. Charles. University Hospital of Montpellier; Alemania Fil: Safer, Anton. University of Heidelberg; Alemania Fil: Downs, Craig A.. Haereticus Environmental Laboratory; Estados Unidos Fil: Hoppe, Peter P.. University of Nairobi; Kenia Fil: Tapparo, Andrea. Università di Padova; Italia Fil: Belzunces, Luc. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Francia Fil: Janairo, Jose Isagani B.. De La Salle University; Filipinas Fil: Chen, Yun-Ru. National Taiwan University; China Fil: van Lexmond, Maarten F.I.J. Bijleveld. Chairman Task Force On Systemic Pesticides; Fil: Cave, Ronald D.. University of Florida; Estados Unidos Fil: Michaud, J.P.. Kansas State University; Estados Unidos Fil: Weissling, Thomas J.. 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Published
2018

4. Soil bacterial communities and ecosystem functioning change more strongly with season than habitat in a restored floodplain.

Author

Samaritani, Emanuela, Mitchell, Edward A.D., Rich, Jeremy, Shrestha, Juna, Fournier, Bertrand, and Frey, Beat

Subjects
*FLOODPLAINS, *BIODIVERSITY, *SOIL microbiology, *CLIMATE change, *ECOSYSTEM dynamics
Abstract

Soil bacterial community structures and associated ecosystem functions are known to vary both in space and time but spatial and temporal patterns are rarely studied simultaneously. Dynamic floodplains offer an ideal setting to study these spatio-temporal patterns and to determine the relative importance of habitat diversity and seasons in shaping soil bacterial communities. We studied the differences between habitats and seasonal patterns of soil bacterial communities (T-RFLPs) and soil environmental conditions (temperature, moisture and time elapsed since last inundation) and ecosystem functioning proxies (basal respiration, enzymatic activity, microbial C and N) over one year in seven habitats of a restored floodplain. Soil bacterial community structures in the two habitats closest to the river were most divergent from the others. However, although bacterial community structures differed between habitats at all sampling times, their seasonal variability was substantially higher than the habitat differences. Most of the ecosystem functioning proxies were lowest in the most dynamic habitat (gravel bar). Furthermore, while both bacterial community structure and ecosystem functions varied in relation to environmental conditions, the two were not directly correlated, and the link between communities and functions was seasonally inconsistent. The ratio of seasonal vs. habitat variability of soil bacterial communities decreased from the most dynamic to the most stable (forest) habitat. Thus in dynamic ecosystems such as floodplains also external factors (flood disturbance, seasonally changing climatic conditions) might influence ecosystem functions and bacterial communities independently – possibly because of species functional redundancy – and are keys in maintaining floodplain taxonomical and functional diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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5. Additive partitioning of testate amoeba species diversity across habitat hierarchy within the pristine southern taiga landscape (Pechora-Ilych Biosphere Reserve, Russia).

Author

Tsyganov, Andrey N., Komarov, Alexander A., Mitchell, Edward A.D., Shimano, Satoshi, Smirnova, Olga V., Aleynikov, Alexey A., and Mazei, Yuri A.

Subjects
TESTACIDA, BIODIVERSITY, HABITATS, TAIGAS, LANDSCAPES, BIOSPHERE reserves, SOIL protozoa
Abstract

In order to better understand the distribution patterns of terrestrial eukaryotic microbes and the factors governing them, we studied the diversity partitioning of soil testate amoebae across levels of spatially nested habitat hierarchy in the largest European old-growth dark coniferous forest (Pechora-Ilych Biosphere Reserve; Komi Republic, Russia). The variation in testate amoeba species richness and assemblage structure was analysed in 87 samples from six biotopes in six vegetation types using an additive partitioning procedure and principal component analyses. The 80 taxa recorded represent the highest value of species richness for soil testate amoebae reported for taiga soils so far. Our results indicate that testate amoeba assemblages were highly aggregated at all levels and were mostly controlled by environmental factors rather than dispersal processes. The variation in species diversity of testate amoebae increased from the lowest to the highest hierarchical level. We conclude that, similarly to macroscopic organisms, testate amoeba species richness and community structure are primarily controlled by environmental conditions within the landscape and suggest that metacommunity dynamics of free-living microorganisms are driven by species sorting and/or mass effect processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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6. Taxonomic and functional traits responses of Sphagnum peatland testate amoebae to experimentally manipulated water table.

Author

Koenig, Isabelle, Mulot, Matthieu, and Mitchell, Edward A.d.

Subjects
*BIOLOGICAL classification, *BIOLOGICAL monitoring, *BIODIVERSITY, *PEAT mosses, *EUGLYPHA
Abstract

Biomonitoring tools are useful to assess the impact of environmental changes on the functioning of ecosystems. Existing tools mostly require species identification, thus allowing to estimating changes in biodiversity, and possibly inferring ecosystem functioning, using functional diversity and traits based approaches. Testate amoebae are good indicators of surface moisture conditions in Sphagnum peatlands and are routinely used in palaeoecology. Their shells (tests), on which identification is based, can also be used to define functional traits and thus to infer changes in ecosystem functioning. We investigated the response of testate amoeba communities to manipulated water table depth (wet: −4 cm, intermediate: −15 cm, and dry: −25 cm) over time (seven time points, 19 months) using mesocosms by comparing two approaches: community structure and functional traits responses, using a combination of morphological (biovolume, length, aperture size and position) and physiological (mixotrophy/heterotrophy, shell material) traits. This is the first study investigating the effect of water table depth on testate amoeba assemblages over time using a mesocosm approach. Taxonomical and functional approaches showed similar response patterns, confirming that water level acted as a strong environmental filter. After one year Hyalosphenia papilio decreased in the dry treatment, and the community structure shifted towards a dominance of dry indicators ( Nebela tincta complex, Corythion dubium, Euglypha compressa ) and the selected functional traits (smaller, heterotrophic, compressed species, with a ventral aperture) corresponded to drought adaptations. In line with recent observational and transfer function studies exploring the use of testate amoebae functional traits, our experimental results illustrate how well-selected traits could be used to monitor the impact of present and past climatic changes on Sphagnum peatlands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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7. Effects of decomposing cadavers on soil nematode communities over a one-year period.

Author

Szelecz, Ildikó, Sorge, Franziska, Seppey, Christophe V.W., Mulot, Matthieu, Steel, Hanne, Neilson, Roy, Griffiths, Bryan S., Amendt, Jens, and Mitchell, Edward A.D.

Subjects
*ECOSYSTEMS, *SOILS, *NEMATODES, *FOOD chains, *BIODIVERSITY
Abstract

In terrestrial ecosystems decomposing cadavers act as resource patches affecting nutrient cycling and soil communities, but the effects on soil communities are not well known. In this study we investigated nematode community response to decomposing pig cadavers ( Sus scrofa ) over a one-year period. As nematodes play key roles in soil food webs and are known to respond to disturbances and nutrient enrichment, we hypothesised that they would respond to decomposing cadavers and that this response would change over time. We compared the temporal patterns of nematode density and community structure under pig cadavers, either placed directly on the ground or hung 1 m aboveground (for effects of cadaveric fluids only), with two controls, i.e., bare soil and bags filled with soil placed on the ground (fake pigs – for microclimatic effects only). In the control and fake pig treatments nematode densities, community patterns and maturity indices did not change significantly. In contrast, density increased significantly underneath the ground and hanging pigs two weeks after the beginning of the experiment, and nematode family richness, Simpson diversity and maturity index were significantly reduced in the cadaver treatments. Most nematode families responded negatively to cadavers with the notable exceptions of Rhabditidae, Neodiplogasteridae and Diplogasteroididae. The latter two were found exclusively underneath the decomposing cadavers and are promising bioindicators of vertebrate cadaver decomposition. Even though diversity, density and communities were recovering after one year, the impact of cadavers was still significant for the maturity index. These contrasting patterns illustrate how decomposing cadavers contribute to increasing local biodiversity and suggest that soil nematodes could be used as a tool to document the presence of a decomposing cadaver, or to estimate the time elapsed since death (post-mortem interval). Patterns should, however, be compared in different settings and seasons before such a tool can be validated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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8. Patterns of earthworm, enchytraeid and nematode diversity and community structure in urban soils of different ages.

Author

Amossé, Joël, Dózsa-Farkas, Klára, Boros, Gergely, Rochat, Guy, Sandoz, Gauthier, Fournier, Bertrand, Mitchell, Edward A.D., and Le Bayon, Renée-Claire

Subjects
*ENCHYTRAEIDAE, *NEMATODES, *BIODIVERSITY, *EARTHWORMS, *SOIL nematodes, *SOIL ecology
Abstract

Annelids (Lumbricidae and Enchytraeidae) and nematodes are common soil organisms and play important roles in organic matter decomposition, nutrient cycling and creation of soil structure and porosity. However, these three groups have rarely been studied together and only few studies exist for urban soils. We studied the diversity and community composition of annelids and nematodes in soils spanning more than two centuries of urban soil development in Neuchâtel (Switzerland) and assessed the relationships 1) among these three groups and 2) between each group and environmental (physical, chemical and functional) characteristics of soils and soil age. While the groups of environmental variables were correlated (Mantel tests) no correlation was found between pairs of soil fauna groups and between each soil fauna group and environmental variables. More specifically, redundancy analyses showed that earthworm assemblages were best correlated with soil bulk density and with soil depth, the latter being positively correlated with soil age. Enchytraeid assemblages and the proportion of enchytraeid r -strategists were respectively best correlated with soil carbonate content and negatively correlated with soil age. Nematodes assemblages were best correlated with soil water content. Moreover, relationships between pairs of soil biota groups, and between each group and environmental (physical, chemical and functional) variables, varied along the soil age gradient (moving window analysis). This study provides new knowledge on urban soil biodiversity and how environmental conditions can influence soil diversity and community patterns in the urban context. The contrasted community patterns of earthworms, enchytraeids and nematodes in urban soils of different ages and their different ecological roles suggest that they represent potential complementary indicators of soil quality and functioning such as soil formation and organic matter dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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9. Patterns of earthworm communities and species traits in relation to the perturbation gradient of a restored floodplain

Author

Fournier, Bertrand, Samaritani, Emanuela, Shrestha, Juna, Mitchell, Edward A.D., and Le Bayon, Renée-Claire

Subjects
*EARTHWORMS, *SPECIES diversity, *BIOTIC communities, *ECOLOGICAL disturbances, *FLOODPLAIN ecology
Abstract

Abstract: Little is known about the diversity and ecology of earthworms in floodplains, as well as their response to natural and anthropic perturbations (e.g. floods, river channelisation, floodplain restoration). We characterised the patterns of earthworm communities and species traits in the different habitats of a lowland restored floodplain in Switzerland. In addition to classical species-based metrics, such as species richness and Shannon diversity, species traits were used to calculate the community weighted means (CWMs) of traits and functional dispersion (FDis). We hypothesised that trait-based metrics would reveal clearer patterns than classical approaches. The distribution of earthworm traits varied among habitats in relation to changes in flooding frequency: poorly developed gravel bar soils most exposed to flooding were characterised by high abundance of small epigeic species and low abundance of large anecic species. Differences in anecic and endogeic earthworm community structure matched flood frequency. In agreement with our hypothesis, CWMs were more strongly correlated to environmental variables than species composition, diversity, or functional diversity. Based on these results, the ratio of the relative abundances of epigeic and anecic species, and the differences in species composition within anecic and endogeic ecological types of earthworms were identified as indicators of soil development in floodplains. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2012
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