1. Five years of cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and CAVI0: how close are we to a pressure-independent index of arterial stiffness?
- Author
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Bart Spronck, Ashraf W. Khir, Tammo Delhaas, Koen D. Reesink, and Alessandro Giudici
- Subjects
pressure-dependency ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Physiology ,pulse wave velocity ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,BLOOD-PRESSURE ,EXERCISE ,Blood Pressure ,Pulse Wave Analysis ,AGE ,Vascular Stiffness ,DEPENDENCE ,Internal medicine ,ADOLESCENTS ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Cardio-ankle vascular index ,CAVI(0) ,HEALTHY ,Pulse wave velocity ,White coat ,business.industry ,WHITE-COAT ,cardio-ankle vascular index ,CAVI0 ,medicine.disease ,arterial stiffness ,Blood pressure ,PULSE-WAVE VELOCITY ,Hypertension ,Cardiology ,Arterial stiffness ,LESSON ,Ankle ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Pulse wave velocity, a common metric of arterial stiffness, is an established predictor for cardiovascular events and mortality. However, its intrinsic pressure-dependency complicates the discrimination of acute and chronic impacts of increased blood pressure on arterial stiffness. Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) represented a significant step towards the development of a pressure-independent arterial stiffness metric. However, some potential limitations of CAVI might render this arterial stiffness metric less pressure-independent than originally thought. For this reason, we later introduced CAVI0. Nevertheless, advantages of one approach over the other are left debated. This review aims to shed light on the pressure (in)dependency of both CAVI and CAVI0. By critically reviewing results from studies reporting both CAVI and CAVI0 and using simple analytical methods, we show that CAVI0 may enhance the pressure-independent assessment of arterial stiffness, especially in the presence of large inter-individual differences in blood pressure. European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation program (grant 793805 to B.S.).
- Published
- 2021