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The present investigation was conducted to compare milk minerals and constituents in different bovine species and breeds. The genetic and non-genetic factors affecting milk fat, protein and milk mineral composition in crossbred cattle were investigated. The effect of breeds was highly significant on copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), sodium (Na), potassium (K), fat and protein, significant (p≤0.05) on calcium (Ca) and non-significant on phosphorus (P) and iron (Fe) content. The Ca, Cu, fat and protein were significantly higher in Murrah buffalo followed by Tharparkar cattle and crossbred cattle. However, Mn and Zn were higher in Tharparkar cattle followed by Murrah buffalo and crossbred cattle. Tharparkar milk was also rich in Na and K followed by crossbred cattle and Murrah buffalo. The effect of parity was highly significant only on Mn, whereas, effect of lactation stage (LS) was significant on Fe and Cu in milk of crossbred cattle. The effect of Test Day Milk Yield (TDMY) was significant on Fe and Cu. The product moment correlation was highest (0.414) between Zn and Fe and lowest (-0.347) between Cu and Zn. Among milk minerals, the estimates of heritability for Fe, Ca and Mn were moderate, whereas it was low for other minerals in crossbred cattle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was taken up to find out Beta 2 Microglobulin (β2M) gene variants and their association with IgG concentrations in colostrum of Murrah buffaloes. 40 newly parturated Murrah buffaloes dams were included in the present study. Polymerase chain reaction- single stranded conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) technique was used to explore the polymorphism in β2M gene of buffaloes. The PCR-SSCP analysis and sequencing of different patterns obtained by silver staining of fragments pertaining to exon 1 through 4 and partial introns 1 through 3, revealed 9 SNPs which were further used to prepare the haplotypes. 7 different haplotypes were observed. Indirect ELISA was done to estimate IgG concentrations in colostrum (collected 1 hour before first milking) obtained from buffaloes. IgG levels in colostrum ranged from 11.22 to 185.1 mg/ml with a mean IgG concentration of 51.71 ± 5.99 mg/ml. The effect of different haplotypes was evaluated on IgG concentrations. The least square analysis of variance could not exhibit a significant effect of buffalo dam haplotype on colostral IgG concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was taken up to find out SNPs in Beta 2 Microglobulin (β2M) gene and their possible association with serum IgG concentrations of newborn buffalo calves. Forty newborn Murrah buffaloes calves were included in the present study. Polymerase chain reaction-single stranded conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) technique was used to explore the polymorphism in β2M gene of the buffalo calves. The PCR-SSCP analysis and sequencing of different patterns obtained by silver staining of various exonic and intronic fragments revealed nine SNPs. All the identified SNPs were used to prepare the haplotypes for the calves. Fourteen different haplotypes were observed. Indirect ELISA was done to estimate IgG concentrations in serum samples of the calves. IgG levels in calf serum ranged from 0.25 to 14.88 mg/ml and mean IgG concentration in serum was estimated as 11.68 ± 0.75 mg/ml. The least square analysis of variance could not exhibit a significant effect of calf haplotype on serum IgG concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]