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// Xuetao Yan 1 , Xiaoli Cheng 2 , Liwen Zhou 3 , Xianghu He 4 , Wenzhong Zheng 1 and Hu Chen 1 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Bao’an Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shenzhen, 518100, China 2 Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Bao’an Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shenzhen, 518100, China 3 Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Xiangyang, 441021, China 4 Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China Correspondence to: Xuetao Yan, email: yan_xuetao@126.com Keywords: dexmedetomidine, lung injury, inflammation, oxidative stress, Nrf2 Received: April 07, 2017 Accepted: April 27, 2017 Published: May 16, 2017 ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of dexmedetomidine on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury in Wistar rats. 24 female Wistar rats were randomly assigned into 3 groups ( n = 8): a control group, a LPS-challenged group, and a LPS plus dexmedetomidine group. Inflammation, oxidative stress, Nrf2/Keap1, and Akt signal were determined. The results showed that LPS caused inflammation and oxidative stress via increasing pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative products. Dexmedetomidine treatment alleviated inflammation and oxidative stress in LPS-challenged rats. Nrf2/Keap1 was inhibited and Akt signal was activated in the lung after exposure to LPS, while dexmedetomidine activated Nrf2/Keap1, which further mediated expressions of antioxidant genes. In conclusion, dexmedetomidine alleviated inflammatory response and oxidative stress in LPS-induced lung injury in rats via influencing Nrf2/Keap1 signal.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy on expressions of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) of cytokeratin 19 (CK19), cytokeratin 20 (CK20), and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) mRNA. We collect 78 patients with stage IA2-IIA1 cervical cancer who underwent radical hysterectomy by laparotomy or laparoscopy in our study, and 34 uterine fibroids patients and 32 healthy subjects were recruited as the positive control group and negative control group, respectively. Blood samples were taken from early-stage primary cervical squamous cell carcinoma patients. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to amplify peripheral blood CK19, CK20 and SCC-Ag from total RNA. We measured the expression of CK19, CK20, and SCC-Ag before laparoscopic radical hysterectomy, 24 hours and 30 days after surgery. Meanwhile, the expression of these markers was compared between laparoscopic and laparotomy groups. The expressions of CK19, CK20, and SCC-Ag in the experimental group before surgery were (0.0035 ± 0.0018), (1.06 ± 0.49), and (1.48 ± 0.46), respectively, and the positive rates were 32.1%, 33.3%, and 35.9%, respectively. The expression levels of CK19, CK20, and SCC-Ag in the experimental group before surgery was significantly higher than the positive and negative control groups, and there were no significant differences between the positive and negative control groups. The expressions and positive rates of CK19, CK20, and SCC-Ag before laparoscopic radical hysterectomy were significantly lower than the stage at 24 hours after surgery (P .05). There were no significant differences in CK19, CK20, and SCC-Ag expressions before surgery, 24 hours and 30 days after surgery between laparoscopic group and laparotomy group (P > .05). Both laparotomy and laparoscopic radical mastectomy tend to increase the expression of CTCs in peripheral blood, and the expressions have no differences between these 2 groups. So, the use of CK19, CK20, and SCC-Ag expression levels from peripheral blood from early stage cervical cancer radical patients before hysterectomy can aid to overcome the lack of radiographic examination and tumor markers measurement, and provide clues for postoperative treatment and prognosis determination.

Background: Idiopathic scoliosis is a common spinal deformity in teenagers, which is managed mainly by orthomorphia. However, due to great trauma, long operative duration and large blood loss, a great amount of blood transfusion is needed during the surgery. Allogeneic blood transfusion should be reduced in order to release blood insufficient, decline blood transfusion expense, as well as avoid transfusion diseases. Objective: The objective of the following study is to investigate the value of controlled hypotension combined with autotransfusion in idiopathic scoliosis orthomorphia and in order to reduce surgical bleeding and reduction in blood transfusion. Subjects and Methods: Intra-operative controlled hypotension was performed during posterior orthomorphia surgery on all the 46 cases of idiopathic scoliosis, 17 cases in which were served as the control group, who underwent allogeneic blood transfusion without autotransfusion, whereas the other 29 cases were served as the experimental group, who underwent autotransfusion that including reinfusion of pre-operative deposited autologous blood and intra-operative salvaged autologous blood. The blood loss volume and transfusion status in two groups were observed. Results and Conclusion: Blood loss volume in the control group was 400-1000 (835.3 ± 167.5) mL and that in the experimental group was 350-1400 (812.1 ± 152.7) mL, there was no marked difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). The volume of allogeneic blood transfusion in the control group was 500-1800 (855.9 ± 321.1) mL, which was greater than that in the experimental group ((0-1300 (337.9 ± 258.3) mL) (P < 0.01). The results suggested that controlled hypotension reduces intraoperative bleeding and post-operative autotransfusion minimizes the need of allogeneic blood transfusion.

This paper proposal an apparatus and processing steps to realize 3d laser marking onto the target's surface directly. A camera is attached to an ordinary inner engraver and laser source is multiple used for measuring and manufacturing respectively. Through steps successively including Camera Calibration, 3D Measuring, Surface Reconstruction, Image Ditching, Texture Mapping, Computer Aid Design (CAD), Computer Aid Manufacture (CAM) Calculation and Computer Numeric Control (CNC) Control, an inner engraver can become a 3D marking machine in a manner which is both novel and cheap.

Objective：The aim of the study was to explore most effective way to control infection during implant treatment. Methods: The study was carried out in two implant operating surgeries (Surgery A, Surgery B), which were set up air disinfectant machine and ultraviolet disinfection respectively. For baseline measurements, the number of bacterials in the air of the two surgeries was counted at 5min, 15min, 30min, 45min and 60min before sanitizing. To compare sanitizing effect of static air disinfection, air samples from these surgeries were collected for bacterial cultivation after sanitizing for 5min, 15min, 30min, 45min and 60min, and the the sterilization rate was calculated. To compare dynamic air disinfection, the two surgeries were sterilized before implant surgery, and the air samples were collected at 5min, 15min, 30min, 45min, 60min after implant operation. Results: There were no significant differences between air disinfectant machine and ultraviolet disinfection in static air disinfection (p

Background: A prospective randomized controlled trial was designed to observe the effect of tramadol on T-lymphocyte subsets, activated T cell and natural killer (NK) cells of patients undergoing gastric cancer surgeries. Subjects and Methods: Thirty patients undergoing elective gastric cancer surgeries under general anesthesia were randomly divided into two groups. Before anesthesia induction, Group I did not receive any drugs and Group II received intramuscular tramadol 1 mg/kg. Peripheral venous blood samples were taken before anesthesia, 1 h after incision and postoperation. CD3+, CD3+ CD4+, CD3+ CD8+, CD3–CD16+ CD56+ (NK) cells and CD3+ human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR+ (activated T cell) were measured by flow cytometer. Results: One hour after incision, CD3+, CD3+ CD4+, CD3+ CD4+/CD3+ CD8+, CD3-CD16+ CD56+, and CD3+ HLA-DR+ cells in the experimental and control group were significantly decreased compared with their baselines (P < 0.05), while the values of Group I were lower than those of Group II (P < 0.05). After surgery, the values of Group I were lower than their baselines (P < 0.05). But the values of Group II had no significant difference compared with their baselines. Conclusion: Tramadol can reduce the decrease of T-lymphocytes subsets and NK cells, thus improve the cellular immune function in the perioperation of gastric cancer.