1. Radiologic Evaluation of the Influence of Cleft Treatment on Nasal Dorsum Growth
- Author
-
Lingling Pu, David W. Low, Bing Shi, Chenghao Li, and Ren-kai Liu
- Subjects
Adolescent ,Cephalometry ,Cleft Lip ,Nose ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Radiologic Evaluation ,Humans ,Cleft nose ,Medicine ,Child ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,Retrospective Studies ,Nasal deformity ,Orthodontics ,business.industry ,030206 dentistry ,Rhinoplasty ,Cleft Palate ,stomatognathic diseases ,Treatment Outcome ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Child, Preschool ,Nasal dorsum ,Oral Surgery ,business - Abstract
Objective: The study addresses whether the growth of the nasal dorsum is disturbed by cleft treatments, for cleft lip only (CL) and cleft lip with cleft palate (CLP). Design: A total of 576 patients with cleft (278 CL, 298 CLP) and 333 individuals without orofacial clefts were retrospectively enrolled. Cleft lip only group was treated with a modified Millard technique combined with Tajima incision for rhinoplasty at 3 to 6 months. The CLP group underwent the same lip repair technique and then underwent a Sommerlad palatoplasty at 9 to 12 months. Lateral cephalometric radiographs of all individuals were taken to evaluate the nasal length and nasal dorsum height. Dunn test was used to analyze the difference ( P < .001). Results: Compared with control, in CL, nasal bone angle and nasal dorsum angle increase by age similarly (5-18 years, P > .05); the total dorsum is significantly shorter (5-18 years, P < .001), while the upper nasal dorsum length is similar (except in 5-6 years), and the lower nasal dorsum is shorter (5-18 years, P < .001). In CLP, nasal bone angle develops insufficiently as children grow (8-18 years, P < .001); the nasal dorsum angle is notably smaller (5-18 years, P < .001); nasal bone length is not significantly different except 11 to 13 years ( P < .05); nasal dorsal length is similar at skeletal maturity (17-18 years, P > .05), although it is shorter during 8 to 16 years ( P < .05); the upper nasal dorsum is overdeveloped (14-18 years, P < .05), whereas the lower nasal dorsum is underdeveloped (5-18 years, P < .001). Conclusion: Treatments in both CL and CLP could be the important factors in disturbing the growth of cartilaginous portion of the nasal dorsum (including nasal tip) and the nasal dorsum height.
- Published
- 2020