1. Prediction of anemia and estimation of hemoglobin concentration using a smartphone camera
- Author
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Geoffrey Hogan, Caroline P. Meehan, Gregory D. Jay, Selim Suner, İbrahim Ulaş Özturan, Alison B. Chambers, Janette Baird, and James Rayner
- Subjects
Male ,Drug research and development ,Biochemistry ,Hemoglobins ,Clinical trials ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Photography ,Prospective Studies ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Prospective cohort study ,Skin ,Aged, 80 and over ,education.field_of_study ,Multidisciplinary ,030503 health policy & services ,Anemia ,Hematology ,Middle Aged ,Cardiology ,Engineering and Technology ,Medicine ,Female ,Smartphone ,Anatomy ,0305 other medical science ,Conjunctiva ,Phase II clinical investigation ,Algorithms ,Research Article ,Adult ,Computer and Information Sciences ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Imaging Techniques ,Science ,Population ,Equipment ,Image Analysis ,Digital Imaging ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Teaching hospital ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Ocular System ,Region of interest ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Hemoglobin ,Low hemoglobin ,education ,Aged ,Communication Equipment ,Pharmacology ,business.industry ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Proteins ,Reproducibility of Results ,Stepwise regression ,medicine.disease ,Research and analysis methods ,Clinical medicine ,Eyes ,Cell Phones ,business ,Head - Abstract
Anemia, defined as a low hemoglobin concentration, has a large impact on the health of the world’s population. We describe the use of a ubiquitous device, the smartphone, to predict hemoglobin concentration and screen for anemia. This was a prospective convenience sample study conducted in Emergency Department (ED) patients of an academic teaching hospital. In an algorithm derivation phase, images of both conjunctiva were obtained from 142 patients in Phase 1 using a smartphone. A region of interest targeting the palpebral conjunctiva was selected from each image. Image-based parameters were extracted and used in stepwise regression analyses to develop a prediction model of estimated hemoglobin (HBc). In Phase 2, a validation model was constructed using data from 202 new ED patients. The final model based on all 344 patients was tested for accuracy in anemia and transfusion thresholds. Hemoglobin concentration ranged from 4.7 to 19.6 g/dL (mean 12.5). In Phase 1, there was a significant association between HBc and laboratory-predicted hemoglobin (HBl) slope = 1.07 (CI = 0.98–1.15), p
- Published
- 2021