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[EN] The monitoring and control of thermo-hygrometric indoor conditions is necessary for an adequate preservation of cultural heritage. The European standard EN 15757:2010 specifies a procedure for determining if seasonal patterns of relative humidity (RH) and temperature are adequate for the long-term preservation of hygroscopic materials on display at museums, archives, libraries or heritage buildings. This procedure is based on the characterization of the seasonal patterns and the calculation of certain control limits, so that it is possible to assess whether certain changes in the microclimate can be harmful for the preventive conservation of artworks, which would lead to the implementation of corrective actions. In order to discuss the application of this standard, 27 autonomous data-loggers were located in different points at the Archaeological Museum of l¿Almoina (Valencia). The HVAC system (heating, ventilation and air conditioning) at the museum tries to reach certain homogeneous environment, which becomes a challenge because parts of the ruins are covered by a skylight that produces a greenhouse effect in summer, resulting in severe thermo-hygrometric gradients. Based on the analysis of temperatures recorded during 16 months, the air conditions in this museum are discussed according to the standard EN 15757:2010, and some corrective measures are proposed to improve the conservation conditions. Although this standard is basically intended for data recorded from a single sensor, an alternative approach proposed in this work is to find zones inside the museum with a homogeneous microclimate and to discuss next the average values collected in each area. A methodology is presented to optimize the application of this standard in places with a complex microclimate like this case, when multiple sensors are located at different positions., This research was funded by the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No. 814624.

Background and objective: The aim of this study was to compare the progression of independence in activities of daily living (ADL) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients versus a control group, as well as to identify predictors of disability progression and functional dependency (FD). Patients and Methods: PD patients and control subjects, who were recruited from 35 centers of Spain from the COPPADIS cohort between January 2016 and November 2017 (V0), were included. Patients and subjects were then evaluated again at the 2-year follow-up (V2). Disability was assessed with the Schwab &amp, England Activities of Daily Living Scale (S&amp, E-ADLS) at V0 and V2. FD was defined as an S&amp, E-ADLS score less than 80%. Results: In the PD group, a significant decrease in the S&amp, E-ADLS score from V0 to V2 (N = 507, from 88.58 ± 10.19 to 84.26 ± 13.38, p &lt, 0.0001, Cohen’s effect size = −0.519) was observed but not in controls (N = 124, from 98.87 ± 6.52 to 99.52 ± 2.15, p = 0.238). When only patients considered functional independent at baseline were included, 55 out of 463 (11.9%) converted to functional dependent at V2. To be a female (OR = 2.908, p = 0.009), have longer disease duration (OR = 1.152, p = 0.002), have a non-tremoric motor phenotype at baseline (OR = 3.574, p = 0.004), have a higher score at baseline in FOGQ (OR = 1.244, 0.0001) and BDI-II (OR = 1.080, p = 0.008), have a lower score at baseline in PD-CRS (OR = 0.963, p = 0.008), and have a greater increase in the score from V0 to V2 in UPDRS-IV (OR = 1.168, p = 0.0.29), FOGQ (OR = 1.348, 0.0001) and VAFS-Mental (OR = 1.177, p = 0.013) (adjusted R-squared 0.52, Hosmer and Lemeshow test = 0.94) were all found to be independent predictors of FD at V2. Conclusions: In conclusion, autonomy for ADL worsens in PD patients compared to controls. Cognitive impairment, gait problems, fatigue, depressive symptoms, more advanced disease, and a non-tremor phenotype are independent predictors of FD in the short-term.

COPPADIS Study Group., [Introduction] In a degenerative disorder such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), it is important to establish clinical stages that allow to know the course of the disease. Our aim was to analyze whether a scale combining Hoehn and Yahr’s motor stage (H&Y) and the nonmotor symptoms burden (NMSB) (assessed by the nonmotor symptoms scale (NMSS)) provides information about the disability and the patient’s quality of life (QoL) with regard to a defined clinical stage., [Materials and Methods] Cross-sectional study in which 603 PD patients from the COPPADIS cohort were classified according to H&Y (1, stage I; 2, stage II; 3, stage III; 4, stage IV/V) and NMSB (A: NMSS = 0–20; B: NMSS = 21–40; C: NMSS = 41–70; D: NMSS ≥ 71) in 16 stages (HY.NMSB, from 1A to 4D). QoL was assessed with the PDQ-39SI, PQ-10, and EUROHIS-QOL8 and disability with the Schwab&England ADL (Activities of Daily Living) scale., [Results] A worse QoL and greater disability were observed at a higher stage of H&Y and NMSB (). Combining both (HY.NMSB), patients in stages 1C and 1D and 2C and 2D had significantly worse QoL and/or less autonomy for ADL than those in stages 2A and 2B and 3A and 3B, respectively (; e.g., PDQ-39SI in 1D [n = 15] vs 2A [n = 101]: 28.6 ± 17.1 vs 7.9 ± 5.8; )., [Conclusion] The HY.NMSB scale is simple and reflects the degree of patient involvement more accurately than the H&Y. Patients with a lower H&Y stage may be more affected if they have a greater NMS burden.

BACKGROUND: Obesity has been described as a protective factor in cardiovascular and other diseases being expressed as 'obesity paradox'. However, the impact of obesity on clinical outcomes including mortality in COVID-19 has been poorly systematically investigated until now. We aimed to compare clinical outcomes among COVID-19 patients divided into three groups according to the body mass index (BMI). METHODS: We retrospectively collected data up to May 31st, 2020. 3635 patients were divided into three groups of BMI (30 kg/m2; n = 1061). Demographic, in-hospital complications, and predictors for mortality, respiratory insufficiency, and sepsis were analyzed. RESULTS: The rate of respiratory insufficiency was more recorded in BMI 25-30 kg/m2 as compared to BMI < 25 kg/m2 (22.8% vs. 41.8%; p < 0.001), and in BMI > 30 kg/m2 than BMI < 25 kg/m2, respectively (22.8% vs. 35.4%; p < 0.001). Sepsis was more observed in BMI 25-30 kg/m2 and BMI > 30 kg/m2 as compared to BMI < 25 kg/m2, respectively (25.1% vs. 42.5%; p = 0.02) and (25.1% vs. 32.5%; p = 0.006). The mortality rate was higher in BMI 25-30 kg/m2 and BMI > 30 kg/m2 as compared to BMI < 25 kg/m2, respectively (27.2% vs. 39.2%; p = 0.31) (27.2% vs. 33.5%; p = 0.004). In the Cox multivariate analysis for mortality, BMI < 25 kg/m2 and BMI > 30 kg/m2 did not impact the mortality rate (HR 1.15, 95% CI: 0.889-1.508; p = 0.27) (HR 1.15, 95% CI: 0.893-1.479; p = 0.27). In multivariate logistic regression analyses for respiratory insufficiency and sepsis, BMI < 25 kg/m2 is determined as an independent predictor for reduction of respiratory insufficiency (OR 0.73, 95% CI: 0.538-1.004; p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: HOPE COVID-19-Registry revealed no evidence of obesity paradox in patients with COVID-19. However, Obesity was associated with a higher rate of respiratory insufficiency and sepsis but was not determined as an independent predictor for a high mortality.

[EN] The famous Renaissance frescoes in Valencia¿s Cathedral (Spain) have been kept under confined temperature and relative humidity (RH) conditions for about 300 years, until the removal of the baroque vault covering them, carried out in 2006. In the interest of longer-term preservation and in order to maintain these frescoes in good condition, a unique monitoring system was implemented to record both air temperature and RH. Sensors were installed in different points at the vault of the apse, during the restoration process. The present study proposes a statistical methodology for analyzing a subset of RH data recorded in 2008 and 2010, from the sensors. This methodology is based on fitting different functions and models to the time series, in order to classify the sensors. The methodology proposed, computes classification variables and applies a discriminant technique to them. The classification variables correspond to estimates of parameters of the models and features such as mean and maximum, among others. These features are computed using values of the functions such as spectral density, sample autocorrelation (sample ACF), sample partial autocorrelation (sample PACF), and moving range (MR). The classification variables computed were structured as a matrix. Next, Sparse Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (sPLS-DA) was applied in order to discriminate sensors according to their position in the vault. It was found that the classification of sensors derived from Seasonal ARIMA-TGARCH showed the best performance (i.e., lowest classification error rate). Based on these results, the methodology applied here can be useful for characterizing the differences in RH, measured at different positions in a historical building., This project received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 814624. Furthermore, the project was partially supported by Instituto Colombiano de Credito Educativo y Estudios Tecnicos en el Exterior (ICETEX) by means of Programa credito Pasaporte a la Ciencia ID 3595089, and also by Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Cali (Nit 860013720-1) through the Convenio de Capacitacion para Docentes O. J. 086/17.

[EN] Adequate thermic conditions are required for the preventive conservation of artworks, but such optimum conditions cannot always be achieved in historical buildings such as ancient churches. In those cases, it is of interest to assess the potential risk of punctual changes in indoor environments that can be harmful to artworks. These conditions can be assessed by means of a microclimate monitoring system comprised of a set of energy¿efficient wireless sensors connected to the cloud using IoT techniques. This approach was followed at the baroque church of Saint Thomas and Saint Philip Neri in Valencia (Spain). A set of 26 wireless nodes was installed, which recorded values of temperature and relative humidity every hour for a period of 7 months. Small differences of temperature were obtained among sensors, so that an efficient methodology based on principal component analysis (PCA) was applied for the characterization of similarities and dissimilarities between sensors. Daily ranges of temperatures were studied as well as mean trajectories, differences between days of the week, and changes in the correlation structure of daily median values over time. Results provide a framework for an efficient characterization of temperatures in heritage buildings based on a network of wireless sensors. Such a framework is useful to assess the potential risk of temperature fluctuations on the preventive conservation of historical buildings and artworks., Funding This research was funded by the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No. 814624.

[EN] Based on documents found in Félix Huarte’s collections (General Archive of the University of Navarra), in the Official College of Architects of Madrid COAM and in the Patent Office, this research aims to analyse the work of HMuebles, a company of the Huarte y Cía group. as a catalyst and disseminator of art and culture in the early days of the Spanish modern design, and its relationship with architecture, from 1957 to 1962. This study is carried out by analysing its dissemination strategies through drawing and graphic design (plans, logos, advertising and catalogues), promoted by the patron Juan Huarte and a group of artists and architects, whose common feature was the commitment to graphic expression as a persuasive/convincing language to bring modern forms to society. In short, the article explores the use of graphic strategies as an instrument for introducing modern Spanish design into society., [ES] A partir de los documentos hallados en los fondos de Félix Huarte (Archivo General de la Universidad de Navarra), en el Colegio Oficial de Arquitectos de Madrid y en la oficina de Patentes, esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la labor de HMuebles, empresa del grupo Huarte y Cía., como catalizadora y divulgadora del arte y la cultura en los inicios del diseño industrial español de 1957 a 1962. Este estudio se lleva a cabo mediante el análisis de sus estrategias de difusión a través del dibujo y diseño gráfico (logo, publicidad y catálogo), promovidas por el mecenas Juan Huarte y un elenco de artistas y arquitectos, cuya característica común era la apuesta por la expresión gráfica como lenguaje persuasivo/convincente para llevar a la sociedad las formas modernas. En definitiva, el artículo explora el empleo de estrategias gráficas como instrumento para introducir en la sociedad el diseño moderno español., Universidad de Navarra

In recent years there has been growing interest in the development of devices and software packages that allow museum decision-makers to manage the environmental conditions in collections and estimate the evolution of degradation of objects. A system able to monitor the environmental conditions but also to provide warnings and recommendations about failure boundaries would optimize conservation actions and strategies thus ensuring proper conservation of the collections in the long term. CollectionCare project aims to develop an innovative and affordable decision support system for the preventive conservation of cultural objects in small and medium-sized museums by combining research and technological advances in monitoring systems (sensor nodes), wireless communications, cloud computing, big data, and material degradation models. Validation and demonstration activities for the CollectionCare system will be carried out in six different European museums. To this end, communication efforts will be developed to promote the importance and applicability of these technologies in the conservation of cultural objects. All this in order to increase citizens’ awareness of the importance of preventive approaches for the conservation of the European cultural heritage.

Background and Objective: Non-motor symptoms (NMS) progress in different ways between Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. The aim of the present study was to (1) analyze the change in global NMS burden in a PD cohort after a 2-year follow-up, (2) to compare the changes with a control group, and (3) to identify predictors of global NMS burden progression in the PD group. Material and Methods: PD patients and controls, recruited from 35 centers of Spain from the COPPADIS cohort from January 2016 to November 2017, were followed-up with after 2 years. The Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS) was administered at baseline (V0) and at 24 months ± 1 month (V2). Linear regression models were used for determining predictive factors of global NMS burden progression (NMSS total score change from V0 to V2 as dependent variable). Results: After the 2-year follow-up, the mean NMS burden (NMSS total score) significantly increased in PD patients by 18.8% (from 45.08 ± 37.62 to 53.55 ± 42.28, p &lt, 0.0001, N = 501, 60.2% males, mean age 62.59 ± 8.91) compared to no change observed in controls (from 14.74 ± 18.72 to 14.65 ± 21.82, p = 0.428, N = 122, 49.5% males, mean age 60.99 ± 8.32) (p &lt, 0.0001). NMSS total score at baseline (β = −0.52), change from V0 to V2 in PDSS (Parkinson’s Disease Sleep Scale) (β = −0.34), and change from V0 to V2 in NPI (Neuropsychiatric Inventory) (β = 0.25) provided the highest contributions to the model (adjusted R-squared 0.41, Durbin-Watson test = 1.865). Conclusions: Global NMS burden demonstrates short-term progression in PD patients but not in controls and identifies worsening sleep problems and neuropsychiatric symptoms as significant independent predictors of this NMS progression.

Cuttings provide the opportunity to precisely look at the rock that has been drilled. A preliminary drill cuttings description is commontly performed by mudloggers and wellsite geologists using conventional binocular microscope at the drilling rig. After this preliminary description, often the bags of cuttings are stored in a warehouse and samples are seldom examined back again. Cuttings give the geologist information about the formation lithology needed for geologic correlation, understanding about reservoir quality, seals and source rocks, and can also be an input for the petrophysicist. In this study, we are testing a methodology to identify, classify and quantify lithologies present in cutting samples using thin section images. The method includes sample preparation (washing, drying and thin section cuttings preparation), image acquisition (to obtain whole thin section gigapixel high resolution microscopy images), virtual microscopy (to identify lithologies) and automatic image analysis (to perform supervised machine learning lithology clasiffication). Virtual microscopy allowed the identification of four main lithologies in all the studied thin sections: quartzites (including loose quartz grains), siltstones, claystones and carbonates. Image analysis allowed the classification and quantification of the identified lithologies in 16 drill cutting samples from two tight gas reservoirs. This innovative methodology allowed the fast identification of lithologies using virtual microscopy and their classification and quantification by image analysis and supervised machine learning. This approach is widely accessible as open source software was used for virtual microscopy and image analysis. Algorithm training and model generation was relativelly fast, and its performance or accuracy was qualititavely evaluated by virtual microscopy with good classification results.

Passive microclimate frames are exhibition enclosures able to modify their internal climate in order to comply with paintings&rsquo, conservation needs. Due to a growing concern about the effects of climate change, future policies in conservation must move towards affordable and sustainable preservation strategies. This study investigated the hygrothermal conditions monitored within a microclimate frame hosting a portrait on cardboard with the aim of discussing its use in view of the climate expected indoors in the period 2041&ndash, 2070. Its effectiveness in terms of the ASHRAE classification and of the Lifetime Multiplier for chemical deterioration of paper was assessed comparing temperature and relative humidity values simultaneously measured inside the microclimate frame and in its surrounding environment, first in the Pio V Museum and later in a residential building, both located in the area of Valencia (Spain). Moreover, heat and moisture transfer functions were used to derive projections over the future indoor hygrothermal conditions in response to the ENSEMBLES-A1B outdoor scenario. The adoption of microclimate frames proved to be an effective preventive conservation action in current and future conditions but it may not be sufficient to fully avoid the chemical degradation risk without an additional control over temperature.

espanolIntroduccion: Intentando reducir los inconvenientes asociados con las mallas biologicas, se han desarrollado materiales biosinteticos. La experiencia con ellos es escasa y sus caracteristicas histologicas no han sido evaluadas en personas. Nuestro objetivo es evaluar por primera vez en un modelo humano la respuesta tisular al poli-4-hidroxibutirato mediante estudio anatomopatologico y contrastarla con la respuesta en el animal, disponible hasta la actualidad. Metodos: Nuestro Servicio de Cirugia General ha implantado 20 mallas de poli-4-hidroxibutirato, una de ellas a una mujer de 52 anos, que requirio una colostomia de Hartmann y una laparostomia por una sigmoidectomia complicada, y posteriormente se le reconstruyo la pared abdominal mediante una malla biosintetica al tratarse de una cirugia potencialmente contaminada por proximidad al coloestoma. Veintidos meses despues, se realizo restauracion del transito intestinal, lo que permitio tomar la muestra de pared abdominal, que fue utilizada para el estudio. Resultados: No hubo recurrencia. Macroscopicamente, la malla podia observarse. El estudio anatomopatologico demostro una respuesta infl amatoria a cuerpo extrano. La tincion con hematoxilina-eosina revelo fi bras de colageno maduras y neoangiogenesis por adecuada integracion y remodelacion tisular. Conclusiones: En nuestra paciente, la malla de poli-4-hidroxibutirato no se ha asociado a recidiva herniaria y se ha integrado de forma similar a lo reportado previamente. El tiempo de absorcion fue mayor, lo que pudo infl uir en la tasa de recurrencia. Los resultados iniciales son prometedores, pero son necesarios mas estudios para defi nir indicaciones clinicas y resultados. EnglishIntroduction: In an attempt to reduce inconveniences associated with biological meshes, biosynthetic materials have been developed. The experience with them is scarce and their histological characteristics have not been evaluated in humans. Our objective is to evaluate the tissue response to poly-4-hydroxybutyrate by anatomopathological study, for the fi rst time in a human model and to contrast it with animal’s response, available to date. Methods: 20 poly-4-hydroxybutyrate meshes have been implanted by our Surgery Department. In one of them, a 52-year-old woman, who required a Hartmann’s procedure and laparostomy due to a complicated sigmoidectomy, and posteriorly abdominal wall was reconstructed using a biosynthetic mesh, due to being a clean-contaminated, because of the proximity to the stoma. 22 months after, bowel transit restoration was performed, which allowed to take the abdominal wall sample which was used in the study. Results: There was no recurrence. Macroscopically, the mesh could be observed. Anatomopathological analysis demonstrated a foreign body inflammatory response. Hematoxylin-eosin stain revealed mature collagen fibres and neoangiogenesis, because of appropriated mesh integration and tissue remodelling. Conclusions: In our patient, the poly-4-hydroxybutyrate mesh was not associated with hernia recurrence and was integrated in a similar way as reported previously. The time of reabsorption of the material has been longer, which could influence in recurrence rate. Initial results are promising, but more studies are needed to define their clinical indications and outcomes.

Objective: The rate of pancreatic lesions has increased in recent decades due to the widespread use of advanced imaging techniques. Nowadays, a significant proportion of cases are incidentally discovered in asymptomatic patients and cytology is an important tool for the diagnosis and multidisciplinary management of these cases. Study Design: In this study we retrospectively review the experience with pancreatic fine-needle aspiration cytology in the last 17 years at a single large tertiary hospital in Madrid, Spain. Results: Our results indicate that more than 60% of pancreatic malignant lesions are cytologically confirmed before surgery and 30% of the patients are asymptomatic. Despite this, we have noted that the total number of malignant lesions surgically resected in our hospital has basically remained unchanged over the years, because incidental diagnosis is not always synonymous with resectability and a substantial number of patients are already metastatic at the time of diagnosis. Our series also shows an increase in the number of neuroendocrine tumors, which now represent almost 20% of all cytological diagnoses at our hospital. The sensitivity in our series is 70% and the false negative rate remains 30%, despite sample quality control by experienced cytologists and standardized technical conditions. Fibrosis and necrosis are the 2 features of the primary tumor that significantly and negatively influence the accuracy of cytologic diagnosis. Conclusion: We herein report our experience with cytologic diagnosis of pancreatic lesions in a single tertiary hospital. Our results confirm that cytology is a safe, reliable, and important tool for pancreatic lesion diagnosis and management.

Preventive conservation represents a working method and combination of techniques which helps in determining and controlling the deterioration process of cultural heritage in order to take the necessary actions before it occurs. It is acknowledged as important, both in terms of preserving and also reducing the cost of future conservation measures. Therefore, long-term monitoring of physical parameters influencing cultural heritage is necessary. In the context of Smart Cities, monitoring of cultural heritage is of interest in order to perform future comparative studies and load information into the cloud that will be useful for the conservation of other heritage sites. In this paper the development of an economical and appropriate acquisition data system combining wired and wireless communication, as well as third party hardware for increased versatility, is presented. The device allows monitoring a complex network of points with high sampling frequency, with wired sensors in a 1-wire bus and a wireless centralized system recording data for monitoring of physical parameters, as well as the future possibility of attaching an alarm system or sending data over the Internet. This has been possible with the development of three board's designs and more than 5000 algorithm lines. System tests have shown an adequate system operation., The authors acknowledge the collaboration of Rosa Maria Rodriguez y Belen Villanueva, superior and management technicians of Blasco Ibanez Museum-House respectively. This work was partially supported by the Spanish Government (Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad) under projects HAR2013-47895-C2-1-P and HAR2013-47895-C2-2-P.

A building needs to be designed for the whole period of its useful life according to its requirements. However, future climate predictions involve some uncertainty. Thus, several sustainable strategies of adaptation need to be incorporated after the initial design. In this sense, tunnel ventilation in broiler houses provides high air velocity values (2-3 m center dot s(-1)) at animal level to diminish their thermal stress and associated mortality. This ventilation system was experimentally incorporated into a Mediterranean climate. The aim was to resolve these thermal problems in hot seasons, as (traditional) cross-mechanical ventilation does not provide enough air velocity values. Surprisingly, very little information on tunnel ventilation systems is available, especially in terms of air velocity. Using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and a multi-sensor system, the average results are similar (at animal level: 1.59 +/- 0.68 m center dot s(-1) for CFD and 1.55 +/- 0.66 m center dot s(-1) for measurements). The ANOVA for validation concluded that the use of CFD or measurements is not significant (p-value = 0.1155). Nevertheless, some problems with air velocity distribution were found and need to be solved. To this end, CFD techniques can help by means of virtual designs and scenarios providing information for the whole indoor space., This work was funded by the project GV04B-511 (Generalitat Valenciana, Spain) and by the Vicerrectorado of Investigacion of the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (Programa de Apoyo a la Investigacion y Desarrollo Multidisciplinar Project PAID register 2614).

Background: Blood glucose meters are reliable devices for data collection, providing electronic logs of historical data easier to interpret than handwritten logbooks. Automated tools to analyze these data are necessary to facilitate glucose pattern detection and support treatment adjustment. These tools emerge in a broad variety in a more or less nonevaluated manner. The aim of this study was to compare eDetecta, a new automated pattern detection tool, to nonautomated pattern analysis in terms of time investment, data interpretation, and clinical utility, with the overarching goal to identify early in development and implementation of tool areas of improvement and potential safety risks. Methods: Multicenter web-based evaluation in which 37 endocrinologists were asked to assess glycemic patterns of 4 real reports (2 continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion [CSII] and 2 multiple daily injection [MDI]). Endocrinologist and eDetecta analyses were compared on time spent to analyze each report and agreement on the presence or absence of defined patterns. Results: eDetecta module markedly reduced the time taken to analyze each case on the basis of the emminens eConecta reports (CSII: 18min; MDI: 12.5), compared to the automatic eDetecta analysis. Agreement between endocrinologists and eDetecta varied depending on the patterns, with high level of agreement in patterns of glycemic variability. Further analysis of low level of agreement led to identifying areas where algorithms used could be improved to optimize trend pattern identification. Conclusion: eDetecta was a useful tool for glycemic pattern detection, helping clinicians to reduce time required to review emminens eConecta glycemic reports. No safety risks were identified during the study.

Valvular hemangioma incidence is extremely low. In this report, we describe a 62-year-old man who presented with mild edema of the lower limbs. An echocardiogram revealed an incidental 1.3-cm diameter mass on the anterior mitral valve leaflet for which he underwent surgical resection and mitral valve replacement. Histopathological examination showed a lymphocyte-rich capillary-cavernous hemangioma. The exuberant lymphoid stroma is unusual for hemangioma and represents an undescribed pattern of cardiac hemangioma. Including the present report, only 13 cases of mitral valve hemangioma have been reported to date. Most patients are adult. Mitral hemangioma originates in the atrial aspect of the valve and involves more commonly the anterior leaflet. The average maximum diameter of the lesion is 1.7 (S.D.=0.75) cm. Pure cavernous hemangioma is the predominant type of mitral hemangioma. Most of them are described as pedunculated or polypoid. Surgical excision appears to be curative. Recurrences have not been reported. Lymphocyte-rich cardiac hemangioma represents a peculiar type of hemangioma which should be included in the differential diagnosis of other vascular lesions.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license., The mudéjar church of Santa María (Ateca) is valuable for its architecture and the altarpiece contained inside. Ateca is a village with continental climate characterized by cold winters and hot summers. In this paper we are interested in analysing the effect of temperature and relative humidity (RH) changes produced by the heating system on the altarpiece. Therefore, a monitoring system of 15 temperature and 15 relative humidity sensors was installed with a recording frequency of a data point per minute. The main contribution of this paper is the quantitative study of the effect of the heating system on the thermo-hygrometric parameters using statistical techniques such as ANOVA, mean daily trajectories or bivariate plots, and the proposal of an innovative dynamic contour plot. As results, the heating system produces a substantial increase (decrease) of temperature (RH) causing an hourly variation of these physical parameters detrimental to the conservation of the altarpiece, especially in its higher areas. © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland., This work was partially supported by the Spanish Government (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación) under projects HAR2010-21944-C02-01 and HAR2010-21944-C02-02.

In this study we propose an electronic system for linear positioning of a magnet independent of its modulus, which could vary because of aging, different fabrication process, etc. The system comprises a linear array of 24 Hall Effect sensors of proportional response. The data from all sensors are subject to a pretreatment (normalization) by row (position) making them independent on the temporary variation of its magnetic field strength. We analyze the particular case of the individual flow in milking of goats. The multiple regression analysis allowed us to calibrate the electronic system with a percentage of explanation R2 = 99.96%. In our case, the uncertainty in the linear position of the magnet is 0.51 mm that represents 0.019 L of goat milk. The test in farm compared the results obtained by direct reading of the volume with those obtained by the proposed electronic calibrated system, achieving a percentage of explanation of 99.05%. © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland., This work was partially supported by the Spanish Government (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación) under projects HAR2010-21944-C02-01 and HAR2010-21944-C02-02. A. Sánchez-Quinche acknowledges the support received from SENESCYT (Secretaria Nacional de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación) from the Equator Republic.

Broiler production in modern poultry farms commonly uses mechanical ventilation systems. This mechanical ventilation requires an amount of electric energy and a high level of investment in technology. Nevertheless, broiler production is affected by periodic problems of mortality because of thermal stress, thus being crucial to explore the ventilation efficiency. In this article, we analyze a cross-mechanical ventilation system focusing on air velocity distribution. In this way, two methodologies were used to explore indoor environment in livestock buildings: Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations and direct measurements for verification and validation (V&V) of CFD. In this study, a validation model using a Generalized Linear Model (GLM) was conducted to compare these methodologies. The results showed that both methodologies were similar in results: the average of air velocities values were 0.60 ± 0.56 m s-1 for CFD and 0.64 ± 0.54 m s-1 for direct measurements. In conclusion, the air velocity was not affected by the methodology (CFD or direct measurements), and the CFD simulations were therefore validated to analyze indoor environment of poultry farms and its operations. A better knowledge of the indoor environment may contribute to reduce the demand of electric energy, increasing benefits and improving the thermal comfort of broilers. © 2013 by the authors., This work was funded by the project GV04B-511 (Generalitat Valenciana, Spain) and by the Vicerrectorado of Investigación of the Universitat Politècnica de València (Programa de Apoyo a la Investigación y Desarrollo Multidisciplinar Project PAID register 2614).

Santos-García, Diego et al.-- COPPADIS Study Group, [Background] Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder causing motor and non-motor symptoms that can affect independence, social adjustment and the quality of life (QoL) of both patients and caregivers. Studies designed to find diagnostic and/or progression biomarkers of PD are needed. We describe here the study protocol of COPPADIS-2015 (COhort of Patients with PArkinson's DIsease in Spain, 2015), an integral PD project based on four aspects/concepts: 1) PD as a global disease (motor and non-motor symptoms); 2) QoL and caregiver issues; 3) Biomarkers; 4) Disease progression., [Methods/design] Observational, descriptive, non-interventional, 5-year follow-up, national (Spain), multicenter (45 centers from 15 autonomous communities), evaluation study. Specific goals: (1) detailed study (clinical evaluations, serum biomarkers, genetic studies and neuroimaging) of a population of PD patients from different areas of Spain, (2) comparison with a control group and (3) follow-up for 5 years. COPPADIS-2015 has been specifically designed to assess 17 proposed objectives. Study population: approximately 800 non-dementia PD patients, 600 principal caregivers and 400 control subjects. Study evaluations: (1) baseline includes motor assessment (e.g., Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III), non-motor symptoms (e.g., Non-Motor Symptoms Scale), cognition (e.g., Parkinson's Disease Cognitive Rating Scale), mood and neuropsychiatric symptoms (e.g., Neuropsychiatric Inventory), disability, QoL (e.g., 39-item Parkinson's disease Quality of Life Questionnaire Summary-Index) and caregiver status (e.g., Zarit Caregiver Burden Inventory); (2) follow-up includes annual (patients) or biannual (caregivers and controls) evaluations. Serum biomarkers (S-100b protein, TNF-α, IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, vitamin B12, methylmalonic acid, homocysteine, uric acid, C-reactive protein, ferritin, iron) and brain MRI (volumetry, tractography and MTAi [Medial Temporal Atrophy Index]), at baseline and at the end of follow-up, and genetic studies (DNA and RNA) at baseline will be performed in a subgroup of subjects (300 PD patients and 100 control subjects). Study periods: (1) recruitment period, from November, 2015 to February, 2017 (basal assessment); (2) follow-up period, 5 years; (3) closing date of clinical follow-up, May, 2022. Funding: Public/Private., [Discussion] COPPADIS-2015 is a challenging initiative. This project will provide important information on the natural history of PD and the value of various biomarkers., Diego Santos-García has received honoraria for educational presentations by Abbvie, UCB Pharma and Lundbeck. Pablo Mir has received honoraria for lecturing or advisory boards from AbbVie, UCB, Zambon, Allergan and Merz, and research grants from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad de España [SAF2007-60700], the Instituto de Salud Carlos III [PI10/01674, CP08/00174, PI13/01461], the Consejería de Economía, Innovación, Ciencia y Empleo de la Junta de Andalucía [CVI-02526, CTS-7685], the Consejería de Salud y Bienestar Social de la Junta de Andalucía [PI-0377/2007, PI-0741/2010, PI-0437-2012], the Sociedad Andaluza de Neurología, the Jacques and Gloria Gossweiler Foundation and the Fundación Alicia Koplowitz. Esther Cubo has received travel funding from Abbvie, Allergan and UCB Pharmaceuticals, and received research support from the Movement Disorder Society, World Federation of Neurology and Junta de Castilla y León. Lydia Vela has received honoraria for educational presentations by Abbvie, UCB Pharma and Lundbeck. Maria C Rodriguez-Oroz has received payment for lectures, travel and accommodation to attend scientific meetings from UCB, Lundbeck, Abbvie and Boston Scientific. She has received grants from CIBERNED, Government of Basque Country and Guipuzcoa, Spanish Health Institute and Era-net. Maria J Marti has received speaking fees from Ipsen, Merz, Allergan and UCB Pharma and research grants from Ministery of Health and Social Services, Marató TV3, Centro Investigacion Biomedica en Red and Michael J Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s research. Jose M Arbelo has received honoraria for educational presentations or clinical studies participation by Abbvie, UCB Pharma and Italfarmaco. Jon Infante has received honoraria as a speaker from UCB Pharma and traveling grants from Abbvie. Jaime Kulisevsky has received honoraria for lecturing or advisoring from Abbvie, UCB and Zambon. Pablo Martínez-Martin has received honorarium from Abbvie for a symposium and participation in the Advisory Board for an epidemiological study, Editorial Viguera for a master course, UCB for lecturing in International University Menendez Pelayo summer course.Santos-García.

The preventive conservation is based on acting on the causes of deterioration of cultural heritage to minimise damage, extending its lifetime and minimising the costs of restoration. In this paper, a quantitative method of recording and assessment of damage in frescoes is presented. Damage mapping has been performed with a colour scale of six values for two fresco paintings of two walls at Ariadne's House (Pompeii, Italy); subsequently, this information has been transferred to a data matrix which and statistical analysis of Variance (ANOVA) has been applied. ANOVA results show significant differences for the vertical and the horizontal axis depending on the different stages of damage. These differences also depend on the wall, which may be due to intrinsic differences such as materials of different restorations, the orientation of the wall, etc. or extrinsic differences and variations in temperature, relative humidity, etc. This methodology may be used in the future to quantify the influence of different variables on the extent of the deterioration of the paint layer, as for example determine and monitor its correlation to salts analytics in a determined facing., This work was partially supported by the Spanish Government (Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad) under projects HAR2013-47895-C2-1-P and HAR2013-47895-C2-2-P. This publication is part of the programme of valorisation and combined resources of the I + D + i of VLC/CAMPUS and has been partially supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports as part of the programme of international excellence campus (PAID 06-14).

We describe the performance of a microclimate monitoring system that was implemented for the preventive conservation of the Renaissance frescoes in the apse vault of the Cathedral of Valencia, that were restored in 2006. This system comprises 29 relative humidity (RH) and temperature sensors: 10 of them inserted into the plaster layer supporting the fresco paintings, 10 sensors in the walls close to the frescoes and nine sensors measuring the indoor microclimate at different points of the vault. Principal component analysis was applied to RH data recorded in 2007. The analysis was repeated with data collected in 2008 and 2010. The resulting loading plots revealed that the similarities and dissimilarities among sensors were approximately maintained along the three years. A physical interpretation was provided for the first and second principal components. Interestingly, sensors recording the highest RH values correspond to zones where humidity problems are causing formation of efflorescence. Recorded data of RH and temperature are discussed according to Italian Standard UNI 10829 (1999). © 2011 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland., This work was partially supported by the Spanish "Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion" under projects HAR2010-21944-C02-01 and HAR2010-21944-C02-02. The authors are grateful to A. Munoz-Sanchez from the Environmental Area of our university for providing meteorological data and to Artechnology, S.L. for the help with the sensor development, installation and recalibration.

The renaissance frescoes of the metropolitan cathedral of Valencia, located at the vault of the apse, were restored in 2006. We describe a microclimate monitoring system that was implemented for the preventive conservation of the paintings. It is comprised by a set of temperature and relative humidity sensors positioned at different points of the vault. This system is rather unique because some of these sensors were inserted inside the paintings during the restoration process. A principal components analysis was applied to the data of relative humidity recorded in February 2007. The analysis was repeated in three additional months of 2007. The resulting loading plots highlight the most relevant similarities and dissimilarities among sensors. These plots can be considered as some sort of control maps that could be used to detect abnormal conditions in the future. Actually, moisture problems at certain zones of the frescoes are causing the formation of efflorescence, and the sensors located close to these zones are the ones recording the highest values of relative humidity.

En 1933 fue inaugurado el edificio Capitol, obra de los arquitectos Vicente Eced y Luis M. Feduchi. El proyecto contenía un complejo programa para el cual Feduchi diseñó un mobiliario de gran diversidad estilística que se adaptaba a las necesidades funcionales de cada estancia. Aquella convivencia de estilos y vanguardias que presentaba el mobiliario repercutió de manera directa en la elección de las empresas que participaron en su construcción: Rolaco-Mac, Lledó, Santamaría y Crowner. La presente investigación ofrece, a través del análisis de los muebles diseñados por el arquitecto y su relación con las distintas firmas, la verdadera dimensión que adquirió la obra del edificio Capitol, hasta el punto de convertirse en una auténtica aventura empresarial en un proyecto integral.

This paper applies statistical techniques to analyse microclimatic data (temperature and relative humidity) recorded at the archaeological site of Plaza de l'Almoina (Valencia, Spain). This study has allowed us to quantify the effect of certain measures that were adopted for preventive conservation. The first monitoring campaign took place in 2010 at this archaeological site, showing harmful effects on the conservation state of the remains due to the presence of a skylight that partly covers the remains and causes a greenhouse effect. This skylight was covered with a water layer to prevent overheating of this archaeological site. However, this layer was removed in 2013 due to water leaks, and the indoor conditions changed. Over the summer, a temporary canvas was installed over the skylight to avoid heating of the archaeological site below by preventing the incidence of direct sunlight. The main importance of this work was to characterise the effect of unlike boundary weather conditions of different years in the indoor microclimate of the archaeological site, and to study the effect of the new boundary situation. This paper shows that the removal of water from the skylight caused a temperature increase inside the museum; meanwhile, the subsequent installation of the canvas cover allows appropriate daily cycles of temperature and relative humidity, especially in areas under the skylight. This work also shows that the replacement of a water ditch near the archaeological site by a PVC pipe was also detected by the sensors due to the difference in water vapour pressure., This work was partially supported by the Spanish Government (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion) with grants numbers HAR2010-21944-C02-01 and HAR2010-21944-C02-02. The authors thank the personal collaboration of the archaeologist Albert Ribera and Carmen Perez.

A theoretical expression for the dielectrophoretic velocity of oblate spheroidal cells is presented in this paper. The cell velocity has been measured using the Stokes method and a dielectrophoretic V-shaped electrode chamber and calculated as a function of the cell's position. Human red blood cells (RBC) were used to verify the theoretical model. Velocity measurements were performed in the frequency range between 150 kHz and 3 MHz for a suspending medium of conductivity 2 mS . A parameter that includes the dielectrophoretic properties of RBC, the cell dimensions (the length of the long semiaxis and the axial ratio) and electrical properties (the real component of the cell-medium Clausius-Mossotti factor, is defined. The calculated values of are corrected for the polarization effects that take place at the electrode-medium interface. The good agreement between the experimental observations and the theoretical predictions that we found validates the theory. The value of the parameter can be used as a very sensitive tool to detect small differences in size between cells and changes in their shape and electrical properties.

The rearing of poultry for meat production (broilers) is an agricultural food industry with high relevance to the economy and development of some countries. Periodic episodes of extreme climatic conditions during the summer season can cause high mortality among birds, resulting in economic losses. In this context, ventilation systems within poultry houses play a critical role to ensure appropriate indoor climatic conditions. The objective of this study was to develop a multisensor system to evaluate the design of the ventilation system in broiler houses. A measurement system equipped with three types of sensors: air velocity, temperature and differential pressure was designed and built. The system consisted in a laptop, a data acquisition card, a multiplexor module and a set of 24 air temperature, 24 air velocity and two differential pressure sensors. The system was able to acquire up to a maximum of 128 signals simultaneously at 5 second intervals. The multisensor system was calibrated under laboratory conditions and it was then tested in field tests. Field tests were conducted in a commercial broiler farm under four different pressure and ventilation scenarios in two sections within the building. The calibration curves obtained under laboratory conditions showed similar regression coefficients among temperature, air velocity and pressure sensors and a high goodness fit (R2 = 0.99) with the reference. Under field test conditions, the multisensor system showed a high number of input signals from different locations with minimum internal delay in acquiring signals. The variation among air velocity sensors was not significant. The developed multisensor system was able to integrate calibrated sensors of temperature, air velocity and differential pressure and operated succesfully under different conditions in a mechanically-ventilated broiler farm. This system can be used to obtain quasi-instantaneous fields of the air velocity and temperature, as well as differential pressure maps to assess the design and functioning of ventilation system and as a verification and validation (V&V) system of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations in poultry farms., This work was funded by the project GV04B-511 (Generalitat Valenciana, Spain). The authors would like to thank Victoria Blanes-Vidal of the Southern Denmark University, for her helpful comments and suggestions. We are also grateful for the comments and assistance provided by anonymous referees of earlier versions of this paper.

Non-destructive methods are of great interest for the analysis of cultural heritage. Among the different possible techniques, this paper presents a low cost prototype based on the emission and reception of airborne ultrasound without direct contact with the test specimen. We successfully performed a method test for the detection of brick joints under a XVth century Renaissance fresco of the Metropolitan Cathedral of the city of Valencia (Spain). Both laboratory and in situ results are in agreement. Using this prototype system, an early moisture detection system has been installed in the dome that supports the fresco. The result is encouraging and opens interesting prospects for future research., This work was partially supported by the Spanish "Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion" under projects HAR2010-21944-C02-01 and HAR2010-21944-C02-02. H.E. acknowledges support from CSIC-JAE predoc.

A typo has been found in our paper [1]. It is stated on page 8698 that the range of acceptable temperature for the conservation of frescoes is 6–25 °C while in the case of RH, this range is 45%–60%, according to the Italian Standard UNI 10829 (1999). These recommended ranges of temperature (6–25 °C) and RH (45%–60%) correspond to the Standard DM 10/2001 [2], not to UNI 10829. The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience this may have caused to the readers of this journal.

Después de la I Guerra Mundial, se produjo un progreso significativo en el sector tecnológico que se convirtió en el fundamento caracterizador de la modernidad en la arquitectura, no solo por la experimentación material y de producción, sino también por la creación de una estética maquinista. Mientras que las innovaciones tecnológicas penetraban gradualmente en la arquitectura, el mobiliario permitía el ensayo de las nuevas técnicas de manipulación material. En este proceso, la colaboración entre arquitectos y empresas de mobiliario españolas adquirió un papel cardinal en el diseño moderno en el país durante los años 30. A través del análisis de varios casos de estudio, esta investigación evidencia la influencia del trabajo de los arquitectos extranjeros en el diseño de mobiliario español y el papel de las empresas, en colaboración con los arquitectos españoles, como catalizadoras de las nuevas corrientes. Con ello se persigue un único objetivo: mostrar el mobiliario como ejercicio de experimentación tecnológica y vehículo de modernización de la arquitectura.