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Objective: To compare the difference in the clinical therapeutic effect on dysmenorrhea in the patients with adenomyosis between acupuncture and ibuprofen sustained release capsules. Methods: A total of 40 patients were randomized into an acupuncture group and an ibuprofen group, 20 cases in each one. The treatment was given consecutively for 3 menstrual cycles and the follow-up lasted for 2 menstrual cycles. The score of visual analogue scale (VAS) at the most painful time during menstruation, menstrual flow, the score of COX menstrual symptom scale (CMSS) and the score of endometriosis health profile-5 (EHP-5), as well as the patients’ satisfaction and acceptance were compared between the two groups. Results: Three menstrual cycles after treatment, the VAS score at the most painful time, menstrual flow, CMSS score and EHP-5 score were all lower than those before treatment in either group, with statistical significance (all P 0.05), the menstrual flow was lower (P > 0.05), CMSS score was higher (P 0.05). The score of the patients’ satisfaction and acceptance in the acupuncture group were all higher than the ibuprofen group (both P Conclusion: Acupuncture is effective for analgesia and symptom-relief and the long-term effect is superior to the oral administration of ibuprofen.

Aims/Introduction We aimed to explore whether the association between obesity and congenital heart defects (CHDs) can be mediated by maternal pregestational diabetes (PGDM). Materials and Methods We included 53,708 mother‐infant pairs with deliveries between 2017 and 2019 from the Birth Cohort in Shenzhen. Mothers were categorized into four groups: the underweight group (body mass index [BMI]

Key Points Question What are the characteristics of amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) during aducanumab treatment in individuals with early Alzheimer disease? Findings In an integrated safety data set of 2 phase 3 clinical trials (EMERGE and ENGAGE) including 3285 participants, 425 patients (41.3%) in the combined 10 mg/kg aducanumab group (n = 1029) experienced ARIA; ARIA-edema occurred in 362 patients (35.2%), and 94 of these patients (26.0%) experienced associated symptoms (eg, headache, confusion, dizziness, and nausea). ARIA-microhemorrhage and ARIA–superficial siderosis occurred in 197 patients (19.1%) and 151 patients (14.7%), respectively. Meaning Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities occurred in approximately 40% of participants in the phase 3 studies of aducanumab, and approximately one-quarter of these patients experienced symptoms., This secondary analysis of 2 phase 3 randomized clinical trials describes the radiographic and clinical characteristics of amyloid-related imaging abnormalities that occurred in the EMERGE and ENGAGE trials., Importance The EMERGE and ENGAGE phase 3 randomized clinical trials of aducanumab provide a robust data set to characterize amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) that occur with treatment with aducanumab, an amyloid-β (Aβ)–targeting monoclonal antibody, in patients with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer disease or mild Alzheimer disease dementia. Objective To describe the radiographic and clinical characteristics of ARIA that occurred in EMERGE and ENGAGE. Design, Setting, and Participants Secondary analysis of data from the EMERGE and ENGAGE trials, which were 2 double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, phase 3 randomized clinical trials that compared low-dose and high-dose aducanumab treatment with placebo among participants at 348 sites across 20 countries. Enrollment occurred from August 2015 to July 2018, and the trials were terminated early (March 21, 2019) based on a futility analysis. The combined studies consisted of a total of 3285 participants with Alzheimer disease who received 1 or more doses of placebo (n = 1087) or aducanumab (n = 2198; 2752 total person-years of exposure) during the placebo-controlled period. Primary data analyses were performed from November 2019 to July 2020, with additional analyses performed through July 2021. Interventions Participants were randomly assigned 1:1:1 to high-dose or low-dose intravenous aducanumab or placebo once every 4 weeks. Dose titration was used as a risk-minimization strategy. Main Outcomes and Measures Brain magnetic resonance imaging was used to monitor patients for ARIA; associated symptoms were reported as adverse events. Results Of 3285 included participants, the mean (SD) age was 70.4 (7.45) years; 1706 participants (52%) were female, 2661 (81%) had mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer disease, and 1777 (54%) used symptomatic medications for Alzheimer disease. A total of 764 participants from EMERGE and 709 participants from ENGAGE were categorized as withdrawn before study completion, most often owing to early termination of the study by the sponsor. Unless otherwise specified, all results represent analyses from the 10-mg/kg group. During the placebo-controlled period, 425 of 1029 patients (41.3%) experienced ARIA, with serious cases occurring in 14 patients (1.4%). ARIA-edema (ARIA-E) was the most common adverse event (362 of 1029 [35.2%]), and 263 initial events (72.7%) occurred within the first 8 doses of aducanumab; 94 participants (26.0%) with an event exhibited symptoms. Common associated symptoms among 103 patients with symptomatic ARIA-E or ARIA-H were headache (48 [46.6%]), confusion (15 [14.6%]), dizziness (11 [10.7%]), and nausea (8 [7.8%]). Incidence of ARIA-E was highest in aducanumab-treated participants who were apolipoprotein E ε4 allele carriers. Most events (479 of 488 [98.2%]) among those with ARIA-E resolved radiographically; 404 of 488 (82.8%) resolved within 16 weeks. In the placebo group, 29 of 1076 participants (2.7%) had ARIA-E (apolipoprotein E ε4 carriers: 16 of 742 [2.2%]; noncarriers, 13 of 334 [3.9%]). ARIA-microhemorrhage and ARIA–superficial siderosis occurred in 197 participants (19.1%) and 151 participants (14.7%), respectively. Conclusions and Relevance In this integrated safety data set from EMERGE and ENGAGE, the most common adverse event in the 10-mg/kg group was ARIA-E, which occurred in 362 of the 1029 patients (35.2%) in the 10-mg/kg group with at least 1 postbaseline MRI scan, with 94 patients (26.0%) experiencing associated symptoms. The most common associated symptom was headache. Trial Registrations ClinicalTrials.gov Identifiers: NCT02484547, NCT02477800

For the traditional subwavelength gratings, we can code different units to construct the coded metagratings. In this paper, we propose an innovative principle of adding coded gratings, which can be used to add or subtract two or more traditional coded metagratings sequences and obtain a new coded metagratings sequence. Based on the proposed addition principle, the coded metagratings can adjust the scattering angle flexibly. This method overcomes the limitation that traditional grating can only obtain discrete diffraction angle. Importantly, compared with traditional gratings, the coded metagrating sequences with addition operation have enhanced diffraction efficiency at the same diffraction angle. This phenomenon may be attributed to the enhanced interaction between the coding particles of the new disordered coding sequence metagratings constructed. Our proposed coded grating addition principle provides a new degree of freedom for the flexible modulation of the terahertz wavefront. At the same time, this method can be extended to optical band or microwave band, which opens a new path for electromagnetic wave modulation and beam scanning.

The performance of the pick gradually degrades under the cyclic complex load, so it is difficult to realize the state prediction, in order to be able to accurately predict the pick degradation state, this paper develops a test system for the wear degradation of pick, the method of experimental analysis and numerical simulation is adopted, Multi-signal fusion model of vibration and acoustic emission was constructed, the grey prediction and the Gamma method of Bayesian parameter updating are used to realize the application of the degenerate data, the results prove that the relative error of grey prediction under vibration signal is only 0.45%, the relative error of the Gamma model was 0.57%, the relative error of the Gamma model under Bayesian updating was 0.22%, the three models have good prediction accuracy, the prediction error of the Gamma model under Bayesian updating is minimal.

Purpose To investigate and identify first-trimester fasting plasma glucose (FPG) is related to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and other adverse pregnancy outcomes in Shenzhen population. Methods We used data of 48,444 pregnant women that had been retrospectively collected between 2017 and 2019. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluated the associations between first-trimester FPG and GDM and adverse pregnancy outcomes, and used to construct a nomogram model for predicting the risk of GDM. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated by using ROC and calibration curves. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to determine the clinical usefulness of the first-trimester FPG by quantifying the net benefits at different threshold probabilities. Results The mean first-trimester FPG was 4.62 ± 0.42 mmol/L. A total of 6998 (14.4%) pregnancies developed GDM.489(1.01%) pregnancies developed polyhydramnios, the prevalence rates of gestational hypertensive disorder (GHD), cesarean section, primary cesarean section, preterm delivery before 37 weeks (PD) and dystocia was 1130 (2.33%), 20,426 (42.16%), 7237 (14.94%), 2386 (4.93%), and 1865 (3.85%), respectively. 4233 (8.74%) of the newborns were LGA, and the number of macrosomia was 2272 (4.69%), LBW was 1701 (3.51%) and 5084 (10.49%) newborns had admission to the ICU, which all showed significances between GDM and non-GDM groups (all P 1, all P P P Conclusions FPG in the first trimester was an independent risk factor for GDM which can be used as a screening test for identifying pregnancies at risk of GDM and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Guanidinium (GA) cations are intentionally introduced in MAPbI3 perovskite by considering its potential capability of stabilizing the material through plenty of hydrogen bonds and mitigating hysteresis because of the zero dipole moment. The configurations of GA cation in film and its effects on structural, optoelectronic and photovoltaic properties of perovskite have been comprehensively studied by systematically modulating the GA ratio. It has been demonstrated that moderate GA cations can effectively passivate the defect surrounding perovskite grains, yielding an enhanced efficiency as high as ~19.2% in a p-i-n type planar solar cells with the GA ratio of 15%. Further increasing the GA ratio deteriorates device performance, as extra GA cations hinder grain growth and thus reduce the grain size, which facilitates the defect generation around the enhanced interface. Moreover, a new two-dimensional (2D) layered perovskite phase that features alternating GA and MA cations in the interlayer space (ACI) appears ultimately, while the ACI phase typically suffers from slow charge transportation across the parallel PbI2 octahedral layers separated by large A-site cations.

Purpose This paper aims to report findings of up-to-date insights to fill the knowledge gap of lack of theoretical and practical understandings of how knowledge is used in medium-sized enterprises (MEs) for ensuring their performance excellence, healthy survival and growth, particularly using the contextual background of quality improvement as the standing point to concretise the research content and research participants’ mind-set for data collection. Design/methodology/approach The empirical data were attained by conducting first a multiple-case study and thereafter a structured interview. Insights were obtained through analysing the collected data and triangulating the findings with the contention from the extant literature where available. Findings A set of approaches for effective quality improvement knowledge (QIK) utilisation in MEs have been identified and attested, as well as prioritised for a clear guidance on their application by practical businesses. Originality/value As a pioneering study on the particularly focussed issue, namely, a current knowledge gap – QIK utilisation in MEs, theoretically the research contributes to the enrichment of the current KM and QI literature with a primary focus on knowledge utilisation in MEs. Practically its findings provide insightful guidance to practice on the approaches of QIK utilisation.

Objectives Patients with herpes zoster (HZ) would benefit from accurate prediction of whether they are likely to develop postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). We investigated whether a circulating biomarker of neuronal damage could be a predictor of PHN in this nonmatched prospective, nested, case-control study. Materials and methods We included patients with HZ who were within 90 days after rash onset. Volunteers without a history of HZ were recruited as controls. We evaluated epidemiologic factors and circulating neuronal damage biomarkers, including cell-free DNA, myelin basic protein (MBP), and soluble protein-100B (S100B). We conducted logistic regression analyses to develop a prediction model of PHN. Results We found that cell-free DNA and MBP levels were higher in patients with HZ (n=71) than in controls (n=37). However, only MBP level was higher in patients who developed PHN (n=25), in comparison with those who did not (n=46). MBP level and 3 clinical factors, age, acute pain severity, and response to treatment drugs were identified as independent predictors of PHN. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the prediction made using a combination of MBP level and clinical factors had an area under ROC curve of 0.853 (95% confidence interval: 0.764 to 0.943), which was better than prediction using clinical factors alone (area under ROC curve: 0.823, 95% confidence interval: 0.728 to 0.917). Discussion Our results indicate that circulating MBP level in patients with HZ is a predictor for PHN. The combination of clinical predictors and MBP level enhanced the prediction performance.

Prenatal vitamin D (VitD) deficiency influences children’s health in later life. We aimed to test the associations between maternal VitD status in each of the three trimesters of pregnancy and cord blood 25(OH)D concentrations in newborns. Participants were pregnant women recruited from the Shanghai Birth Cohort (SBC) (n = 1100). Of all the participants, 946 completed the collection of venous blood at early (

Herein, we demonstrated for the first time the green fabrication of graphene by wet ball milling method which utilizes natural honey as exfoliation medium, further the 3D conductive networks (Graphene/Carbon nanotubes/PEDOT:PSS, G/CNT/PEDOT:PSS) were integrated into the biodegradable Starch/Chitosan/Poly vinyl alcohol (S/C/PVA) substrates. This electrode possesses an excellent optoelectronic performance (Rs = 43.2 Ω/sq., T = ca. 80% at 550 nm), and a very low Root Mean Square (RMS) roughness (approximately 1.38 nm). The sheet resistance of the films changed slightly after 1000 bending cycles and adhesion tests. The flexible green light OLED using G/CNT/PEDOT:PSS-S/C/PVA film as anode was successfully fabricated, the luminance of the device was 5701 cd/m2 at 15 V and the maximum current efficiency was 3.75 cd/A at 13 V. Moreover, this new type of OLED device degrades gradually within 10 min in 2 wt% lysozyme CH3COOH solution, which could be used to prepare the next generation of user-friendly, eco-friendly flexible wearable electronic devices.

Objective: To characterize modified R-CODOX-M/IVAC-based chemotherapy to lower the severe adverse events in Chinese adult patients with sporadic Burkitt lymphoma. Methods: We enrolled a retrospective cohort including 123 adult patients with untreated sporadic Burkitt lymphoma from August 2008 to September 2019 at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center. We studied a dose-modified and long-course R-CODOX-M/IVAC regimen utilizing a low dose of 1.0 g/m2/cycle cyclophosphamide, 2 g/m2/cycle methotrexate, 4,500 mg/m2/cycle ifosfamide, and 4.0 g/m2/cycle cytarabine. Forty-nine patients with low risk disease underwent 4–6 cycles of dose-modified R-CODOX-M-based chemotherapy. Seventy-four patients with high risk disease underwent 6–8 cycles of dose-modified alternating R-CODOX-M/IVAC regimens. Results: The objective remission was 87.0%. The event-free survival rate and overall survival at 3 years were 81.2% and 92.1%, respectively. Major grade 3–4 adverse events included leukopenia (91.9%), anemia (58.5%), thrombocytopenia (73.2%), and febrile neutropenia (48.8%). A total of 26.0% and 37.4% of patients received red blood cell and platelet transfusions, respectively. We observed 4 cases (3.3%) of septic shock after chemotherapy. Two treatment-related deaths occurred from severe infection. Conclusions: The modified R-CODOX-M/IVAC chemotherapy regimen was effective for sporadic Burkitt lymphoma in the Chinese population, with a lower toxicity than standard regimens.

Microglia-associated neuroinflammation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke. Microglial activation and polarization, and the inflammatory response mediated by these cells play important roles in the development, progression and outcome of brain injury after ischemic stroke. Currently, there is no effective strategy for treating ischemic stroke in clinical practice. Therefore, it is clinically important to study the role and regulation of microglia in stroke. In this review, we discuss the involvement of microglia in the neuroinflammatory process in ischemic stroke, with the aim of providing a better understanding of the relationship between ischemic stroke and microglia.

Although perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with organic hole-transporting layers (HTLs) have demonstrated the certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) over 25%. Unavoidable performance degradation i...

We propose a novel optimization framework for video object segmentation, given the initial annotations of objects in the keyframes of an input video sequence. In this work, video data is represented by a Markov Random Field model, and segmentation is achieved by finding the minimum graph cut label assignment. More specifically, we first create a bilateral representation of the input video sequence which reduces the size of the graph that the min-cut must operate on. We then introduce dynamic appearance models to learn the segmentation likelihoods, and the reliability of likelihoods is measured to identify false likelihoods that may cause segmentation errors. Thus, the model accurately describes changes in the object’s appearance that have evolved over time. Furthermore, we augment spatial and temporal connections using a soft higher-order potential, ensuring long-range label consistency in the segmentation. We provide extensive analysis and evaluation with respect to the influence of each component of the framework through the ablation study. Experiments on three benchmark datasets (DAVIS 2016, YouTube-Objects and SegTrack v2) show that our method achieves competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art while having the order of magnitude faster runtime.

NaY(WO4)2 is one of the excellent host materials for high-efficient upconversion luminescence, but it is still challenging to obtain red emission via lanthanide doping. In this work, pure red emission was achieved in the heavily-Er3+-doped NaY(WO4)2 by using a 1550 nm laser diode and introducing mediator Tm3+ ions in the lattice. On basis of the analysis of steady-state and transient-state luminescence properties related to dopant concentration and excitation wavelength, all possible red emission mechanisms were discussed. Finally, it has been demonstrated that the high-purity red emission was due to the several energy transfer processes between Er3+ and Tm3+. Our results provide a convenient pathway to investigate the upconversion luminescence mechanisms.

Background Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) has been recommended as a standard approach for young multiple myeloma (MM) patients for decades, even in the era of novel agents. Gain of chromosome 1q21 is a common cytogenetic abnormality in MM, while its clinical prognostic value is still controversial. Methods In this multicenter study, we retrospectively analyzed 1q21 gain in 446 newly diagnosed MM patients who received at least one ASCT from three large myeloma centers in China. Results Of the all 446 patients, 1q21 gain was an adverse predictor of progression‐free survival (PFS) (34 vs 56 months, P = .005) and overall survival (OS) (69 vs 100 months, P = .002). Gain of 1q21 was more likely to coexist with t(4;14), t(14;16), and del(13q). Nevertheless, isolated 1q21 gain still exhibited unfavorable effects on PFS (35 vs 66 months, P = .045) and OS (61 vs 100 months, P = .026). The coexistence of 1q21 gain and high‐risk cytogenetics (HRCs) [del(17p), t(4;14),and/or t(14;16)] showed poor prognosis on both PFS and OS, while no additional adverse effect could be identified when compared with HRCs alone. Moreover, when coexisting with t(11;14), patients with 1q21 gain showed a comparable survival to those without 1q21 gain. For patients treated with novel induction regimens followed by ASCT, 1q21 gain also conferred an inferior prognosis. Multivariate analysis further confirmed 1q21 gain could independently predict shorter PFS and OS. Conclusion In conclusion, 1q21 gain is an adverse prognostic factor for MM patients received ASCT., Gain of 1q21 is an independent adverse prognostic factor in MM patients receiving ASCT in the era of novel agents. Isolated 1q21 gain still showed adverse impact on patient's survival.

Purpose To investigate whether the physical activity at different intensities is correlated with depressive symptoms in college students. Patient and Methods This cross-sectional study was a part of the Fitness Improvement Tactics in Youth Project, which was conducted in 2017. A total of 2,820 college freshmen aged 15-24 years were included in this study, of whom 699 (24.8%) were males and 2,121 (75.2%) were females. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Self-rating Depression Scale. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form. Covariates included sociodemographic, lifestyle-related, and health-related factors. Results A total of 560 (19.9%) college students had depressive symptoms. Total physical activity levels (METs•hour/week) were positively associated with frequency of breakfast intake (p = 0.050) but no other participant characteristics. Logistic regression analysis showed that the prevalence of depressive symptoms in the highest quartile of physical activity was lower than in the lowest quartile when adjusted for sex, age, ethnicity, only child, smoking status, alcohol use, breakfast frequency, daily sleep duration, body mass index, grip strength, and the number of metabolic syndrome components (odds ratios [95% confidence intervals (CI)]: 0.75 [0.58, 0.98], p = 0.036). Furthermore, high physical activity levels of low-intensity tended to moderately correlate to lower prevalence of depressive symptoms (odds ratios [95% CI]: Q1, 0.71 [0.55, 0.91], Q2, 0.77 [0.59, 1.01], Q3, 0.75 [0.57, 0.98], p for trend = 0.037). Associations of moderate and vigorous physical activity with depressive symptoms were not found. For secondary outcomes, sex-stratified analysis showed that similar findings were only found in females, but not males. Conclusion This study indicated that total physical activity and low-intensity physical activity were inversely associated with depressive symptoms in Chinese college students. All these observations showed gender differences.

Segment Routing (SR) is a source routing paradigm which is widely used in Traffic Engineering (TE). By using SR, a node steers a packet through an ordered list of instructions called segments. By some extensions of interior gateway protocol, SR can be applied to IP/MPLS or IPv6 network without signal protocol. SR over IPv6 (SRv6) is attracting wide attention because of its interoperation ability with IPv6. However, upgrading the existing IPv6 network directly to a full SRv6 one can be difficult, because large-scale equipment replacement or software upgrade may cause economic and technical problems. TE in partially deployed SR network is becoming a hot research topic. In this paper, we propose the TE algorithm Weight Adjustment-SRTE (WA-SRTE) in partially deployed SRv6 network, in which SRv6 capable nodes are dispersedly deployed. Our objective is to minimize the network’s maximum link utilization. WA-SRTE converts the TE problem into a Deep Reinforcement Learning problem and optimizes the OSPF weight, SRv6 node deployment and traffic paths simultaneously. Besides, traffic variation is also considered and we use a representative Traffic Matrix (TM) to epitomize the traffic characteristics over a period of time. Experiments demonstrate that with 20% to 40% of the SRv6 nodes deployed, we can achieve TE performance as good as in a full SR network for the experiment topologies. The results with WA remarkably outperform the results without it. Our algorithm also gets near-optimal results with changing traffic.

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) combined with necrotizing fasciitis (NF) has rapid onset, involves a wide range of lesions, is difficult to treat, and has a high mortality rate. It has become a clinically critical disease. DFU patients are at high risk for NF. The STAGE principles guide surgical intervention in the treatment of DFU wounds and emphasizes that “based on anatomical layers, the management focuses on blood supply and includes layer-by-layer incision to the infected area, maintenance of effective wound drainage, and step-by-step treatment of the wound.” This work reports the application of the STAGE principles for the treatment of 9 cases of DFUs combined with NF in the lower leg (Wagner grade 3-5). The mean ankle-brachial index was 0.55 (0-0.91, standard deviation [SD] = 0.33), the mean years of smoking were 19.56 years (0-50, SD = 17.83), and the mean cigarette consumption was 9.11 cigarettes/day (0-20, SD = 7.77). The mean duration of ulcers was 45.56 days (3-103, SD = 35.44). Among the 9 patients, only patient no. 9 died, and the mean follow-up time for the other 8 patients was 12 months (3-36, SD = 13.42). In short, the STAGE principles are also applicable to the treatment of DFUs combined with NF in the lower leg.

Gout is a common inflammatory joint disease. Although China is a developing country, it is an ethnically diverse country with regional economic disparities. To date, there are limited studies that investigated the gout prevalence from representative populations in mainland China. Therefore, we performed an updated systematic review and meta-analysis in order to comprehensively review all the relevant published data that reported the prevalence of gout in mainland China from 1998 to 2019. The electronic databases including PubMed and Medline were searched for peer-reviewed articles published in the selected period. Meta-analyses were conducted by using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. After screening and checking for eligibility, we included 67 articles with a total of > 394,768 participants. The pooled estimate of prevalence in the general population was 1.6% (95% CI, 1.2–2.2%). Gout prevalence rates varied from 0.8 to 5% by regions. The lowest and highest prevalence of gout was found in the Northwest (0.8%) and Southwest (5.0%), respectively. The prevalence rate was higher in males than in females (1.9% (95% CI, 1.5–2.4%) vs. 0.5% (95% CI, 0.3–0.8%) (P

Background: To investigate deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), we performed a single institutional study to evaluate its prevalence, risk factors, prognosis, and potential thromboprophylaxis strategies in a large referral and treatment center. Methods: We studied a total of 143 patients with COVID-19 from January 29, 2020 to February 29, 2020. Demographic and clinical data, laboratory data, including ultrasound scans of the lower extremities, and outcome variables were obtained, and comparisons were made between groups with and without DVT. Results: Of the 143 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 (age 63±14 years, 74 [51.7%] men), 66 patients developed lower extremity DVT (46.1%: 23 [34.8%] with proximal DVT and 43 [65.2%] with distal DVT). Compared with patients who did not have DVT, patients with DVT were older and had a lower oxygenation index, a higher rate of cardiac injury, and worse prognosis, including an increased proportion of deaths (23 [34.8%] versus 9 [11.7%]; P =0.001) and a decreased proportion of patients discharged (32 [48.5%] versus 60 [77.9%]; P P =0.031), Padua prediction score ≥4 (odds ratio, 4.016; P =0.04), D-dimer >1.0 μg/mL (odds ratio, 5.818; P 1.0 μg/mL has a sensitivity of 88.52% and a specificity of 61.43% for screening for DVT. In the subgroup of patients with a Padua prediction score ≥4 and whose ultrasound scans were performed >72 hours after admission, DVT was present in 18 (34.0%) patients in the subgroup receiving venous thromboembolism prophylaxis versus 35 (66.0%) patients in the nonprophylaxis group ( P =0.010). Conclusions: The prevalence of DVT is high and is associated with adverse outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism may be protective in patients with a Padua protection score ≥4 after admission. Our data seem to suggest that COVID-19 is probably an additional risk factor for DVT in hospitalized patients.

Previous studies suggested an association between female fertility and body size, but most of these studies were from Western countries and focused mainly on obesity. This study investigated the association between preconception body mass index (BMI) and time to pregnancy (TTP) in women planning to conceive from Shanghai, China. A total of 1,182 women aged 24-46 years were recruited from the Shanghai Birth Cohort between 2013 and 2015 and were followed up for 12 months. Preconception BMI was categorized as underweight, normal weight, and overweight/obesity according to the Chinese classification of BMI. Fecundability (FOR) and infertility (IOR) odds ratios were estimated using Cox (n = 1,092) and Logistic (n = 820) regression models, respectively. We found no differences in fecundability between underweight and overweight/obese women and normal-weight women. Furthermore, underweight and overweight/obese women did not have a higher risk of infertility compared with normal-weight women. Our findings suggest that non-optimal preconception BMI does not appear to influence female fecundability and infertility in Chinese women. These results should be interpreted with caution as they may be applicable only to women with demographic and anthropometric characteristics similar to our study population. Our findings need to be confirmed in other populations.

Background Subependymoma in the spinal cord is very rare and usually occurs in the cervical cord. We report an exceptional case of subependymoma that occurred at the conus medullaris with cystic formation. This article reviews the literature on subependymoma in the conus medullaris; discusses its clinical manifestations, imaging findings, and differential diagnoses; and offers an opinion about the cystic formation of the subependymoma. Case Description A 69-year-old woman experienced progressive limb weakness with a somatosensory abnormality for 3 months. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging showed a cystic intramedullary lesion at the conus medullaris with a well-defined margin. A preliminary diagnosis of epidermoid cyst was made based on the imaging findings. During the operation, cystic formation of the tumor was found, and the tumor was completely removed. Pathology showed an uneven proliferation of glial cells, consistent with subependymal morphology, and the tumor was confirmed as subependymoma. Conclusions We present an extremely rare case of cystic formation in subependymoma at the conus medullaris. Subependymoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of intramedullary cystic lesions. The breakdown of the blood-brain barrier and excessive extravasation may be potential mechanisms of cystic formation.

Diagnosing ampullary and duodenal papillary carcinomas (ADPCs) is challenging. In the present study, we investigated the application value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) in the preoperative evaluation of these tumours. 18F-FDG PET/CT images of 58 patients with ADPC and 28 patients with benign disease were retrospectively analysed. Preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT was compared to contrast-enhanced (CE) CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in terms of diagnostic efficacy, certainty, staging and impact on treatment decisions. 18F-FDG PET/CT showed a high sensitivity (93.1%) and a medium specificity (78.6%) for diagnosing ADPC. Compared to CE CT/MRI, 18F-FDG PET/CT had a higher diagnostic specificity (78.6 vs. 35.7%, p = 0.001) but a similar sensitivity (93.1 vs. 89.6%, p = 0.508). 18F-FDG PET/CT provided a much higher diagnostic certainty than CE CT/MRI (definite reports, 88.4 vs. 50.0%, χ2 = 29.698, p

neuECG, the simultaneous noninvasive recording of ECG and skin sympathetic nerve activity (SKNA), directly records sympathetic nerve activity over a long period of time. It can be used to measure sympathetic tone in healthy subjects and in subjects with non-cardiovascular diseases. The electrical activity that can be measured on the surface of the skin originates from the heart, the muscle or nerve structures. Because the frequency content of nerve activity falls in a higher frequency range than that of the ECG and myopotential, it is possible to use high-pass or band-pass filtering to specifically isolate the SKNA. neuECG is voltage calibrated and does not require invasive procedures to impale electrodes in nerves and thus has advantages over microneurography. Here, we present a protocol that takes

As a fundamental element of knowledge management (KM), knowledge identification is a crucial issue in contemporary business organisations. Evidenced by research, medium sized enterprises (MEs) cont...

Sio Teng Lam,1,2,* He Huang,1,* Xiaojie Fang,1 Zhao Wang,1 Huangming Hong,3 Quanguang Ren,1 Ying Tian,1 Suxia Lin,4 Tongyu Lin1 1Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Medical Oncology, Centro Hospitalar Conde De Sao Januario, Macau, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Tongyu LinDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-20-87343363Fax +86-20-87343294Email tongyulin@hotmail.comPurpose: Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) has been proposed as an important prognostic factor in many types of cancer. However, the role of predicting the prognosis of PD-L1 in extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) was controversial. Combining other biomarkers might enhance its predictive power. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of PD-L1 in conjunction with tumor-infiltrating FoxP3+Tregs for ENKTL after non-anthracycline-based chemotherapy.Patients and Methods: A total of 81 patients with ENKTL were included in this study. Clinicopathological characteristics were collected, and prognostic significance of PD-L1 in neoplastic cells (nPD-L1) and tumor-infiltrating FoxP3+Tregs were evaluated.Results: Patients with nPD-L1-positive had significantly inferior overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) compared with nPD-L1-negative (3-year OS, 37.2% vs 67.3%, p = 0.014; 3-year PFS, 31.0% vs 61.8%, p =0.010, respectively). Patients who had low FoxP3+Tregs had significantly inferior OS and PFS compared with high FoxP3+Tregs (3-year OS, 36.4% vs 63.0%, p = 0.004; 3-year PFS, 31.7% vs 56.3%, p = 0.020, respectively). The results of multivariate analysis showed that nPD-L1 positivity (HR 6.629, 95% CI 1.966– 22.350, p=0.002) and low FoxP3+Tregs (HR 7.317, 95% CI 2.154– 24.855, p=0.001) were independent predictors of inferior OS. Using these 2 variables, we constructed a new prognostic model that singled out 3 groups with different risk profiles: group 1, no adverse factors; group 2, 1 adverse factor; and group 3, 2 adverse factors. The 3-year OS rates of group 1, group 2, and group 3 were 93.3%, 46.6% and 20.8%, respectively (p< 0.001), and the 3-year PFS rates were 86.7%, 40.8% and 15.0%, respectively (p=0.001).Conclusion: This study is the first to validate the prognostic value of nPD-L1 and tumor-infiltrating FoxP3+Tregs in ENKTL; the new immunological prognostic model might be used to stratify ENKTL patients in clinical trials for new therapeutic strategies.Keywords: extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, PD-L1, FoxP3+Tregs, prognosis

Background The Chinese postpartum custom of “doing the month” characterized by generous social support available through the traditional cultural practices was considered to protect women from postpartum depression in early puerperium. Methods This study used data from the Shanghai Birth Cohort, a study of 2615 postpartum women from Shanghai, China, that was conducted between 2013 and 2016. Detailed information on the traditional “doing the month” practices and the on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale scores was collected from questionnaires administered on the 42nd day after childbirth. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association between the adopting traditional puerperium practices and postpartum depression. Results The estimated prevalence of postpartum depression in women from the Shanghai area in China was 11.8% (n = 308) at six weeks postpartum. Women who went outside their homes during the first month postpartum showed higher risks of postpartum depression compared with those who never left the house (1–2 times: OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.4–2.4; 3–5 times: OR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.5–3.5; ≥6 times: OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.2–5.1). Women with average sleep of 6 h or less per night were more likely to suffer from postpartum depression compared with those who slept 8 h (6 h: OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.2–2.4; less than 6 h : OR = 3.3, 95% CI = 2.2–5.0). Women who opened the house windows most of the time exhibited decreased risks of postpartum depression compared to those who never or rarely opened the windows (often: OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.4–0.9; always: OR = 0.4, 95% CI = 0.3–0.7). Conclusions Our results suggested that not all the activities of “doing the month” provided protection against developing PPD. This study emphasized the need for flexibility to fit and adjust the ritual into the modern life to enhance the positive effects of traditional practices on maternal health.

Background Emerging evidence has shown that night-eating syndrome is correlated to depressive symptoms. However, these studies were mainly small-scale investigations. Purpose This study aimed to examine the association of night-eating syndrome with depressive symptoms among college students using a large-scale sample. Methods A cross-sectional study, which was a part of the Fitness Improvement Tactics in Youth Project, was conducted in 2017. The current study included 3278 college freshmen from Shenyang, China. They completed self-administered questionnaires and provided their sociodemographic and lifestyle information. Night-eating syndrome was assessed using the night-eating questionnaire (NEQ). Depressive symptoms were measured using the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). Results Of participants, 5.4% had night-eating syndrome (NEQ score ≥30), and 21.3% had depressive symptoms (SDS score ≥53). Prevalence of night-eating syndrome was higher in male than female students (p = 0.006). Logistic regression analysis indicated that students with night-eating syndrome had a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms than those without the syndrome after adjusting covariates (odds ratios [95% CI]: 3.28 [2.40, 4.48], p < 0.001). Consistent results were found when night-eating syndrome was defined as NEQ score ≥25. In addition, analysis of covariance showed a significant association between NEQ quartiles and SDS score (mean [95% CI]: Q1, 44.4 [43.8, 45.0]; Q2, 43.4 [42.7, 44.0]; Q3, 44.4 [43.7, 45.1]; Q4, 47.5 [46.9, 48.2], p < 0.001 for linear and quadratic trend). Conclusion This study showed an association between night-eating syndrome and depressive symptoms among Chinese college freshmen.

The N-deficient porous g-C3N4 with broadband white light emission was constructed by supramolecular copolymerization design, which combined organic copolymers cyanuric acid and 2,4,6-triaminopyrimidine with melamine upon the mixture gas environment of (95%)N2/(5%)H2. Herein, we achieved great breakthrough in narrowing the band gap of g-C3N4 from 2.64 to 1.39 eV. Furthermore, in contrast to pristine g-C3N4, we demonstrated that the emission wavelengths of N-deficient porous g-C3N4 can be tuned from narrow blue to broadband white range, where the optimal white light coordinate position is (0.297, 0.345). The prepared N-deficient porous g-C3N4 overcomes the limitation of the narrow adjusting range of optical properties while using conventional g-C3N4 and makes it more promising for applications in solid-state displays.

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell vehicles using hydrogen as fuel has become one of the key development directions in the field of new energy vehicles. However, hydrogen is flammable, it is easy to trigger serious safety accidents once hydrogen leak occurs. Therefore, the application of hydrogen leakage diagnosis methods is essential for the safe operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cell system. This paper reviews the existing methods of diagnosing hydrogen leakage for proton exchange membrane fuel cell system. The principles, research status and application scopes of different methods are elaborated, and these methods are analyzed based on three aspects of on-line diagnosis, real-time performance and calculation complexity. Furthermore, suggestions are provided for the selection of on-line hydrogen leakage diagnosis methods for fuel cell vehicles. Based on this review, readers can easily understand the current status of hydrogen leakage diagnosis methods for proton exchange membrane fuel cell system, and it can provide references for the application selection of the hydrogen leakage diagnosis methods for fuel cell vehicles.

Data based intelligent fault diagnosis is a critical tool for the healthy development of industry process. In actual industrial production, there are often a few or even no labeled samples for target monitoring problem, while large amounts of training data come from different but related diagnosis task under variable working conditions. To utilize the labeled data on related issue for better monitoring performance, the cross-task fault diagnosis based on deep domain adaptation with local feature leaning is proposed. In our strategy, the two-stream stacked autoencoders based deep architecture is used to extract transferable features of collected data across the target diagnosis task domain and the related data-rich monitoring task domain. Then, the maximum mean discrepancy is introduced to establish a deep transfer diagnosis model. Moreover, to further optimize the model, we propose the local feature learning, which can make test data with better intra-class compactness and inter-class separability. Eventually, the proposed method is verified on the Tennessee Eastman process and the rolling bearing data, the results show that our approach achieves positive performance for cross-task fault diagnosis problems.

In order to improve the transmitted efficiency of metasurfaces, the three-layer unit cell structure with coupling characteristics between layers was proposed. Using these Pancharatnam-Berry phase element particles with three-layer structure, we constructed encoded metasurfaces with different sequences to control the transmitted scattered waves. However, the manipulation of continuous transmission angle requires the continuous change of encoding metasurface period. Since the size of encoding particles in the coded metasurfaces cannot be designed to be infinitesimally small, it is impossible to obtain the continuously changing period of coded metasurfaces. In order to obtain the continuous manipulation of transmission scattering angles, we introduced the principle of Fourier convolution operation in digital signal processing on encoding metasurface sequences. By performing the addition and subtraction operation between two different encoding metasurface sequences, a new encoding metasurface sequence can be obtained with different scattering angle. The transmission scattering angles can be obtained continuously, and the terahertz wave can be manipulated freely. Moreover, by using the proposed three-layer highly efficient Pancharatnam-Berry phase encoding meta-atoms, these coded particles with different rotation angles can be precisely arranged to build the generators of the orbital angular momentum beam with different topological charges.

Although triclosan (TCS) use is widespread in China, little is known about levels of exposure to TCS in pregnant women and its potential predictors, sources, and seasonal variability. We assessed urinary TCS levels of 466 pregnant women in a Chinese cohort. The estimated daily intake (EDI) and hazard quotient (HQ) were calculated. Potential predictors and sources were collected through a questionnaire and the seasonal variability was recorded based on the time of sampling. The geometric mean of urinary TCS concentration was 0.81 μg/g. The 95th EDI was 0.15 μg/kg BW per day and the corresponding HQ was 3.23 × 10−3. Women with a household monthly salary between RMB (¥) 1000 and 3000 and between RMB (¥) 3000 and 5000 had 0.52 μg/g (95% CI 0.08, 0.75) and 0.58 μg/g (95% CI 0.17, 0.79) lower urinary TCS levels than those with a household monthly salary of < RMB (¥) 1000, respectively. Urine samples collected in winter had lower TCS levels (geometric mean 0.72 μg/g) than in spring, summer, and autumn (geometric mean 0.82, 0.84, and 0.86 μg/g), although they were non-significant (P = 0.648). No association was found between drinking water and food consumed during pregnancy and TCS levels. The study population was ubiquitously exposed to a relatively low and safe dose of TCS. Women with lower household income tended to be exposed to higher levels of TCS.

Prenatal organophosphate pesticide (OP) exposure was reported to negatively affect childhood neurodevelopment. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a key enzyme in the metabolism of OPs and may affect an individual's susceptibility to OP exposure. However, little is known about its role in the associations of prenatal OP exposure and childhood neurodevelopment. We measured dimethylphosphate (DM), diethylphosphate (DE), and total dialkylphosphate (DAP) metabolites in maternal urine (n = 436) as well as PON1-108C/T and PON1192Q/R genotypes in maternal blood (n = 244). We assessed the modifying effects of maternal PON1-108C/T and PON1192Q/R genotypes on relationships between prenatal OP exposure and developmental quotients (DQs) in 24-month-old children in Shandong, China (n = 172). Among children of mothers carrying PON1-108CC, a tenfold increase in prenatal DMs was associated with a 5.72-point decrease in social domain DQ scores. Among children of mothers carrying PON1192QQ, a tenfold increase in prenatal DMs and DAPs were associated with a 7.68- and 7.67-point decrease in gross motor domain DQ scores, respectively. Among children of mothers carrying PON1192QQ, a tenfold increase in prenatal DMs, DEs, and DAPs were associated with a 7.52-, 9.07-, and 9.60-point decrease in social domain DQ scores, respectively. Maternal PON1 genotype might modify the associations between prenatal OP exposure and children's neurodevelopment at 24 months of age.

In order to suppress the effect of the temperature variation on the wavefront of the laser communication terminal, the secondary mirror support with flexure hinges is designed. The series-wound straight-circle flexure hinge is designed to achieve the maximal variation range of the flexibility or stiffness with the limit of flexure hinges geometrical size. The position and quantity of the flexure hinges are determined to control the deformation direction of the secondary mirror. In order to search the direction in which the wavefront aberration is minimum, the flexure hinges parameters are optimized with the system wavefront aberration as the optimization objective. The prototype of the laser communication terminal is constructed and the value of the wavefront aberration is measured under the condition of 20 ± 2°C. Experimental results show that the value of the wavefront aberration root mean square (RMS) is reduced from 0.066λ to 0.042λ, meeting the requirement of RMS less than 1/20λ (λ=632.8 nm). The athermal design method presented in this paper provides a novel way for the athermal design of the small aperture mirror support in off-axis optical systems.

Background Inappropriate sinus tachycardia (IST) remains a clinical challenge because patients often are highly symptomatic and not responsive to medical therapy. Objective To study the safety and efficacy of stellate ganglion (SG) block and cardiac sympathetic denervation (CSD) in patients with IST. Methods Twelve consecutive patients who had drug-refractory IST (10 women) were studied. According to a prospectively initiated protocol, five patients underwent an electrophysiologic study before and after SG block (electrophysiology study group). The subsequent seven patients had ambulatory Holter monitoring before and after SG block (ambulatory group). All patients underwent SG block on the right side first, and then on the left side. Selected patients who had heart rate reduction ≥15 beats per minute (bpm) were recommended to consider CSD. Results The mean (SD) baseline heart rate (HR) was 106 (21) bpm. The HR significantly decreased to 93 (20) bpm (P = .02) at 10 minutes after right SG block and remained significantly slower at 97(19) bpm at 60 minutes. Left SG block reduced HR from 99 (21) to 87(16) bpm (P = .02) at 60 minutes. SG block had no significant effect on blood pressure or HR response to isoproterenol or exercise (all P > .05). Five patients underwent right (n = 4) or bilateral (n = 1) CSD. The clinical outcomes were heterogeneous: one patient had complete and two had partial symptomatic relief, and two did not have improvement. Conclusion SG blockade modestly reduces resting HR but has no significant effect on HR during exercise. Permanent CSD may have a modest role in alleviating symptoms in selected patients with IST.

The dynamic balance of cardiomyocytes and neurons is essential to maintain the normal physiological functions of heart and brain. If excessive cells die in tissues, serious Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases would occur, namely, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and ischemic stroke. The regulation of cell death plays a role in promoting or alleviating Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent new type of cell death that has been proved to occur in a variety of diseases. In our review, we focus on the critical role of ferroptosis and its regulatory mechanisms involved in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, and discuss the important function of ferroptosis-related inhibitors in order to propose potential implications for the prevention and treatment of Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases.

OBJECTIVES This study aimed to construct a formula to predict L3 skeletal muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) from C3 CSA and to select the cutoff values to evaluate the nutritional status in OSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 220 OSCC patients in Nanfang Hospital were divided into two groups: the training set (n = 100) and the validation set (n = 120). Patients in the training set were performed the preoperative whole-body positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) scans, and patients in the validation set received preoperative head-and-neck computed tomography (CT) scans. C3 CSA and L3 CSA were delineated. The predictive formula was established, and the gender-specific thresholds of malnutrition were obtained by X-tile software in training set. Finally, the formula and cutoff values were validated. RESULTS The predictive formula was successfully established. The gender-specific cutoff values for L3 SMI were 55.0 cm2 /m2 for men and 36.6 cm2 /m2 for women. There were no differences between the overall survival (OS) of patients diagnosed with malnutrition and that of patients who are not malnutrition. CONCLUSIONS Our studies reveal that the L3 CSA could be calculated by C3 CSA conveniently with our formula in OSCC, which allowed us to assess malnutrition with head-and-neck CT image. However, there is no direct connection found between malnutrition and OS in OSCC. Hence, further studies with a larger sample size may be required.

This paper presents a novel method that absorbs the strong discriminative ability from absent color indexing (ABC) to enhance sensitivity and combines it with a correlation filter (CF) for obtaining a higher precision, this method is named ABC-CF. First, by separating the original color histogram, apparent and absent colors are introduced. Subsequently, an automatic threshold acquisition is proposed using a mean color histogram. Next, a histogram intersection is selected to calculate the similarity. Finally, CF follows them to solve the drift caused by ABC during the matching process. The novel approach proposed in this paper realizes robustness in distortion of target images and higher margins in fundamental matching problems, and then achieves more precise matching in positions. The effectiveness of the proposed approach can be evaluated in the comparative experiments with other representative methods by use of the open data.