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BACKGROUND: The population of the elderly is increasing rapidly in almost every part of the world. A common problem faced by the elderly is prolonged depression. One of the practical and economic efforts to reduce depression is by walking and consuming chamomile flowers. AIM: The aim of this study is to analyzing the effect of walking exercise and consumption of chamomile (Matricaria recutita) flower infusion on depression in the elderly in Langsa City. METHODS: We used a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group design. This research was conducted from September to December 2020 in Karang Anyar Village, Langsa City. The population in this study were all elderly who met the inclusion criteria. The sample was selected as many as 24 elderly. The sample size of the study was calculated using the formula for the sample size for experimental research from Federer, namely (t–1) (r–1) ≥15). Data collection techniques in this study were interviews and observations using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) questionnaire instrument, which was carried out twice, namely at the time before treatment and after treatment in four groups, namely, the control group, the walking exercise group, the chamomile flower consumption group and the combination group of walking and exercise. Consume chamomile flowers. Data analysis used paired t-test and one-way analysis of variance test to see the effect of the intervention on depression. RESULTS: This study’s results indicate that walking can significantly reduce the GDS depression score with a p-value of 0.025. This study indicates that consumption of chamomile Flower can significantly reduce the GDS score of the elderly with a p-value of 0.037. This study showed that the combination of walking and consumption of chamomile tea was able to significantly reduce the GDS depression score with a p-value of 0.017. When viewed from the p-value, this treatment group showed the most significant reduction in the GDS depression score than the other two treatment groups, namely walking and consumption of chamomile tea. In the walking exercise group, the chamomile flowers were the consumption treatment group combined treatment group walking and chamomile tea consumption. All three treatments had the same ability to reduce the GDS score, as evidenced by a p-value of 0.808 (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Walking exercise and consumption of chamomile tea can significantly reduce the GDS score of the elderly in Langsa City.

This study aimed to evaluate the histopathological changes in the aorta and kidneys of mice age of menopause by the ethanol extract of ylang-ylang (Cananga odorata) flowers. Thirty female age of menopause mice was divided into three groups (n = 10 each group), consisting of a group of mice the age of menopause without any treatment, mice age of menopause treated with different dosages of ylang-ylang flower extract (0.1 mg/day and 0.2 mg/day). Histopathological analysis was performed with hematoxylin-eosin staining. The number of endothelial cells and the thickness of the intima in the group treated with high dose of the extract were significantly higher than the lowest dose of the extract or the control group (p < 0.05). The diameter of the Bowman's capsule and the renal glomerulus was significantly higher in the group treated with ylang-ylang flower extract compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Concluded that at the doses administered, ylang flower extract triggers the repair of endothelial cells, but increase the thickness of the intima and hyperplasia of the kidney in mice age of menopause. Thus, ylang flower extract and renal vascular remodeling triggered by the age of menopause.

BACKGROUND: Turmeric extract is less effective because the main ingredient of curcumin has a low solubility. Therefore, it is necessary to convert turmeric extract into a solid dispersion form to increase the dissolution of curcumin. AIM: To determine the antibacterial activity of mucoadhesive gastroretentive drug delivery system of alginate beads containing solid dispersion of turmeric extract. METHODS: Turmeric powder was macerated with 96% ethanol for 8 days. The macerate was evaporated with a rotary evaporator at 50°C to obtain concentrated extract. Solid dispersion of turmeric extract was prepared by solvent method by using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) K30 with a ratio of 1: 1 and 1: 2. The solid dispersion of turmeric extract was encapsulated with alginate gel by gelation method. The antibacterial of alginate beads containing solid dispersion of turmeric extract was tested by using hole agar plate diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as bacterial models. RESULTS: The size of alginate beads containing turmeric extract-PVP solid dispersion was about 1.3 mm. Antibacterial activity test against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli showed that alginate beads containing turmeric extract-PVP solid dispersion gave stronger antibacterial activity than those containing turmeric extract without solid dispersion. The antibacterial activity of alginate beads turmeric extract-PVP (1: 2) solid dispersion was stronger than those containing turmeric-extract (1: 1) solid dispersion. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that alginate beads containing turmeric extract-PVP solid dispersion gives the stronger antibacterial activity than those containing turmeric extract without solid dispersion.

The persistent problem faced by Indonesia is in adequate in number and maldistribution of health workers in Primary Health Centre (PHC) has resulted in disrupted health services to the community. The aims of this study is describe health workers in ratio PHC per 100,000 population and health workers distributionbyregions. This research is descriptive analytic. The data used are secondary data from the health workers in government health care facilities in the district/city and province in Indonesia collected by Sub Centre data and information of health ministry in June 2018 and analyzed using the chi-square. The fact that inadequate numbers and maldistributionare remaining problems of health workers in PHC. The ratio of physiciansis 10,17, midwifes 84,73, nurses 83, Public health services 11,09 and nutritionists 8,30 per 100,000 populations while Government standards are higher. Maldistributions of health workers in PHC occurred in central and east regions of Indonesia. The highest number of health workers at PHC in Indonesian is midwives and nurses, while the smallest workforce is dentists. As in adequate numbers and maldistribution are the remaining problems of health workers in PHC, the recruitment of health workers should fulfil the community needs, geographic and avalaibility of health services. Providing the government scholarship to the locals in health schools with commitment to work for local government after graduation is one of the solution for this problem. E-health service is another solution, health service consultation can be carried out effectively and efficiently with remote health experts by taking the advantage of the internet.