1. Rapid determination and continuous monitoring of propofol in microliter whole blood sample during anesthesia by paper spray ionization-mass spectrometry
- Author
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Ying-Lin Zhou, Ying Liu, Xin-Xiang Zhang, Wei-Dong Mi, Chang-Sheng Zhang, and Xiao-Hui Zhang
- Subjects
Paper ,Calibration curve ,Sedation ,02 engineering and technology ,Mass spectrometry ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Mass Spectrometry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Limit of Detection ,medicine ,Humans ,Protein precipitation ,Propofol ,Monitoring, Physiologic ,Whole blood ,Detection limit ,Chemistry ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Continuous monitoring ,Reproducibility of Results ,Reference Standards ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,Anesthesia ,medicine.symptom ,0210 nano-technology ,Anesthetics, Intravenous ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Propofol is a widely used intravenous anesthetic agent in sedation and general anesthesia. To improve the safety and maintain the depth of anesthesia, it is important to develop a rapid, sensitive, and reliable method to monitor the concentration of propofol in blood during anesthesia continuously. Here, we present a novel strategy based on paper spray ionization-mass spectrometry (PSI-MS) to detect propofol. Samples (in 10 μL) were mixed with methanol as protein precipitation solvent and 2,6-dimethylphenol as internal standard. Protein micro-precipitation was achieved with methanol by vortexing and centrifuging for 5 s each, and propofol was extracted to the supernatant. PSI-MS was performed in negative ionization mode, and MS signal lasted for 1 min. The analysis of a single sample was completed within 2 min. The area ratios of propofol to internal standard were calculated for quantification. Limit of detection of 5.5 ng mL−1 and limit of quantification of 18.2 ng mL−1 were achieved for propofol in whole blood. Calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.02–10 μg mL−1. The developed method was used successfully in monitoring the propofol concentration in 3 patients’ whole blood during anesthesia, showing its further application in controlling and feeding-back target concentration infusion.
- Published
- 2020