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There is some evidence that birth weight is associated with breast cancer. Whether this association differs between premenopausal and postmenopausal ages is still unclear. The results from this study suggest that higher birth weight is a risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer (OR 1.06, CI 1.00-1.12, per 100?g), independent of selected early-life and adult factors.British Journal of Cancer (2004) 91, 1666-1668. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6602203 www.bjcancer.com Published online 12 October 2004 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives:The aim of this study was to examine the variation of enterolactone from fasting and non-fasting blood of middle-aged healthy women eating a normal diet to determine the usefulness of a single sample in epidemiological studies.Subjects and methods:Twenty-six women born between 1940 and 1950 were recruited within the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort. Three non-fasting and two overnight fasting samples were collected from each individual during a 5-week period. Twenty-one participated in all measurements. Enterolactone concentrations were analyzed by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay.Results:The within-subject and between-subject variations (coefficient of variations, CV) were estimated to 59 and 89% respectively for fasting samples and 71 and 67% for non-fasting samples. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were estimated to 0.66 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.35–0.84) for fasting and 0.48 (95% CI, 0.22–0.72) for non-fasting samples.Conclusions:Although the estimated ICC for blood samples was moderate, it indicates that enterolactone levels of both fasting and non-fasting blood samples should be useful in future projects within the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort.European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2008) 62, 1005–1009; doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602811; published online 30 May 2007 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to evaluate if two different physical activity (PA) questionnaires have similar ability to rank individuals, and to examine associations with cardiovascular-metabolic risk factors, compared to an objective measure. In a random sample (n=369, age: 65±6 years) from the population-based ‘Malmö Diet and Cancer’ (MDC) cohort, PA was measured by a leisure-time comprehensive questionnaire (MDC-score), a simple leisure-time questionnaire and by accelerometer-monitoring (CSA). Moderate correlations were observed between MDC-score and CSA in men and women (r=0.35 and 0.24, respectively). In men, both questionnaires and CSA were inversely associated with waist circumference, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. In women, the MDC-score was positively associated with high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and the simple questionnaire inversely associated with anthropometric indexes, but no association was seen between PA estimates and cardiovascular components. We conclude that both PA questionnaires distinguish health risks associated with anthropometric-metabolic risk factors, particularly in men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To examine the fatty acid composition of erythrocyte membranes, in relation to obesity indexes and breast cancer risk. A nested case­control study. The Malmö Diet Cancer cohort, Sweden. Among women 50 y or older at baseline (n=12 803), incident breast cancer cases (n=237) were matched to controls (n=673) on age and screening date. DFA and EFA from fish and milk, and DFA and EFA linoleic acid, show significant positive associations. Relations are negative between indexes of obesity and ‘milk’ EFA, but positive between indexes of obesity and indexes of delta9- and delta6- desaturase enzyme activity. No significant relations were observed between EFA and breast cancer risk. Similar to other studies, dietary fish and milk fatty acids, and linoleic acid, are related to the corresponding EFA. Breast cancer risk was not significantly related to EFA in this study. However, the findings suggest positive relations between body mass index, body fat per cent and indexes of desaturase activity, and negative relations between central obesity and milk EFA. The Swedish Cancer Society, the Swedish Medical Research Council, the European Commission, the Swedish Dairy Association and the City of Malmö. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]