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Objective To explore the relationship between glycemic instability index (GLI), peripheral blood CD4+/ CD8+, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and the occurrence, condition and prognosis of stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP). Methods According to the occurrence of SAP within 7 d after onset, 550 patients with acute cerebral infarction were divided into the study group (129 cases with SAP) and the control group (421 cases without SAP). GLI, peripheral blood CD4+ /CD8+, NLR, RDW and NGAL levels were measured. The differences in the above indicators were compared between the study group and the control group, as well as SAP patients with different conditions and prognoses. The relationship between above indicators and the occurrence, condition and prognosis of SAP was discussed. The prognostic values of each indicator and combination of indicators were analyzed. Results GLI, NLR, RDW and NGAL levels were higher in the study group, the medium to high risk group and the poor prognosis group than those in the control group, the low-risk group and the good prognosis group. CD4+/CD8+ was lower than that in the corresponding group (P＜0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that higher GLI and NLR were independent risk factors for acute cerebral infarction complicated with SAP, and higher GLI, NLR, RDW and NGAL were independent risk factors for the medium to high risk conditions in SAP patients, while higher levels of CD4+ /CD8+ were protective factor for high-risk diseases in patients with concurrent SAP and SAP (P＜0.05). Higher GLI, NLR and RDW were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with SAP (P＜0.05). ROC curves indicated that the AUC of the combination of GLI, NLR and RDW for evaluating poor prognosis in patients with SAP was better than that of GLI or RDW. Conclusion Changes in GLI, CD4+ /CD8+ and NLR are influencing factors for the occurrence of SAP. GLI, CD4+ /CD8+, NLR, RDW and NGAL are influencing factors for the severity of SAP patients. GLI, NLR and RDW are associated with poor prognosis in SAP patients, and all three have certain predictive effective in predicting the prognosis of SAP patients, and NLR has the highest predictive efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To analyze the clinical characteristics of acute cerebral infarction with dysphagia and the influencing factors of stroke associated pneumonia (SAP). Methods: 190 patients with acute cerebral infarction who were treated in our hospital from October 2019 to October 2021 were selected as the research objects. According to the score of Watian drinking water test, they were divided into good swallowing group (98 cases) and dysphagia group (92 cases). The clinical data of the two groups were compared, the clinical characteristics of patients with acute cerebral infarction with dysphagia were explored. The incidence of SAP in 92 patients with dysphagia group onset period was counted, and the patients were divided into SAP group and non SAP group. The basic data and clinical data of the two groups were compared and analyzed, and the risk factors of SAP in patients with acute cerebral infarction with dysphagia were discussed by univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results: There were no significant differences in gender, body mass index(BMI), smoking history, drinking history and basic disease history between dysphagia group and good swallowing group(P>0.05), but the age, National Institutes of health neurological deficit score (NIHSS), infarct size, brain stem ratio of infarct site in dysphagia group were higher than those in good swallowing group(P<0.05). SAP occurred in 34 of 92 patients with acute cerebral infarction with dysphagia, with an incidence of 36.96%. Univariate analysis showed that there were no significant differences in the gender, BMI, drinking history, history of hypertension and history of hyperlipidemia between SAP group and non-SAP group (P>0.05), while the age, NIHSS score, smoking history ratio and diabetes history proportion in SAP group were higher than those in non-SAP group (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age, high NIHSS score, smoking history and diabetes history were independent risk factors for acute cerebral infarction with dysphagia complicated with SAP (P<0.05, OR > 1). Conclusion: In elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction, severe neurological deficits, large infarct size and brainstem infarction patients are prone to swallowing dysfunction, and some patients will develop SAP. Older age, high NIHSS score, smoking history and diabetes history are the influencing factors of SAP in-duction, which deserve clinical attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]