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34 results on '"F. D. Amaro"'

1. Search for Coherent Elastic Scattering of Solar B8 Neutrinos in the XENON1T Dark Matter Experiment

Author

Y. Mosbacher, Y. Ma, D. Ramírez García, J. Pienaar, Jelle Aalbers, Kentaro Miuchi, C. Therreau, M. Messina, F. Joerg, C. Macolino, L. Hoetzsch, J. P. Zopounidis, R. Budnik, D. Wenz, Masahiro Yamashita, Yuehuan Wei, R. Peres, J. Howlett, C. Capelli, M. L. Benabderrahmane, Ethan Brown, K. Morå, P. Shagin, Laura Baudis, Atsushi Takeda, L. Grandi, G. Koltman, J. A. M. Lopes, C. Hils, N. Kato, A. Mancuso, E. Shockley, C. Wittweg, P. Gaemers, A. Manfredini, M. Alfonsi, D. Coderre, Katsuki Hiraide, J. Mahlstedt, G. Zavattini, F. Lombardi, S. Andaloro, F. Toschi, V. Pizzella, D. Cichon, Marc Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, P. Di Gangi, M. Vargas, Hardy Simgen, R. Di Stefano, A. D. Ferella, Z. Xu, D. Schulte, J. Qin, W. Fulgione, R. Gaior, J. Naganoma, M. Murra, Kathrin Valerius, S. Bruenner, C. Weinheimer, Kaixuan Ni, João Cardoso, M. Pierre, N. Rupp, Shigetaka Moriyama, Yoshitaka Itow, Giacomo Bruno, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, F. Gao, J. Long, Laura Manenti, Michelle Galloway, Uwe Oberlack, Sara Diglio, M. Clark, Elena Aprile, B. Cimmino, T. Zhu, A. Elykov, T. Wolf, H. Landsman, Keita Mizukoshi, M. Weiss, D. Thers, Manuel Gameiro da Silva, F. D. Amaro, E. Angelino, S. Liang, F. Semeria, Guillaume Plante, R. F. Lang, Julien Masbou, A. Di Giovanni, Boris Bauermeister, G. Volta, Jean-Pierre Cussonneau, A. P. Colijn, Bart Pelssers, V. C. Antochi, M. P. Decowski, C. Tunnell, J.M.F. dos Santos, F. Arneodo, F. Agostini, K. Martens, Lorne Levinson, J. R. Angevaare, Fabrizio Marignetti, Manfred Lindner, J. Ye, L. Althueser, Sebastian Lindemann, L. Bellagamba, April S. Brown, G. Sartorelli, Gian Carlo Trinchero, S. Mastroianni, Jochen Schreiner, S. Ahmed Maouloud, J. Qi, J. Palacio, Shingo Kazama, A. Rocchetti, Jan Conrad, Masanori Kobayashi, D. Masson, S. Reichard, J. Cuenca, Y. Zhang, H. Schulze Eißing, A. Molinario, M. Iacovacci, A. Depoian, M. Selvi, A. Kopec, and K. Odgers

Subjects
Elastic scattering, Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Scattering, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Solar neutrino, Dark matter, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Nuclear physics, Xenon, Recoil, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Order of magnitude
Abstract

We report on a search for nuclear recoil signals from solar $^8$B neutrinos elastically scattering off xenon nuclei in XENON1T data, lowering the energy threshold from 2.6 keV to 1.6 keV. We develop a variety of novel techniques to limit the resulting increase in backgrounds near the threshold. No significant $^8$B neutrino-like excess is found in an exposure of 0.6 t $\times$ y. For the first time, we use the non-detection of solar neutrinos to constrain the light yield from 1-2 keV nuclear recoils in liquid xenon, as well as non-standard neutrino-quark interactions. Finally, we improve upon world-leading constraints on dark matter-nucleus interactions for dark matter masses between 3 GeV/c$^2$ and 11 GeV/c$^2$ by as much as an order of magnitude.

Published
2021

2. $^{222}$Rn emanation measurements for the XENON1T experiment

Author

Atsushi Takeda, Lorenzo Bellagamba, G. Eurin, J. Howlett, Shingo Kazama, M. Garbini, M. Messina, F. Joerg, H. Qiu, Jan Conrad, F. Semeria, Gabriella Sartorelli, Michelle Galloway, E. Shockley, A. Kopec, Qing Lin, L. Levinson, J.M.F. dos Santos, D. Masson, João Cardoso, M. L. Benabderrahmane, Ethan Brown, F. Agostini, Miguel Silva, W. Fulgione, J. Ye, F. Gao, L. Grandi, Yuehuan Wei, J. P. Zopounidis, D. Cichon, E. López Fune, Jean-Pierre Cussonneau, G. Koltman, S. Mastroianni, K. Morå, N. Rupp, Abbe Brown, F. Arneodo, M. Murra, R. Di Stefano, H. Landsman, K. Martens, Kaixuan Ni, Bart Pelssers, D. Wenz, M. Vargas, A. Gallo Rosso, Yanxi Zhang, C. Hasterok, N. Šarčević, R. Peres, C. Macolino, P. A. Breur, Sara Diglio, A. Depoian, C. Capelli, M. Selvi, L. Hoetzsch, Kentaro Miuchi, C. Therreau, F. Lombardi, Thomas Berger, C. Tunnell, A. Elykov, Ran Budnik, Elena Aprile, K. Odgers, Uwe Oberlack, Laura Baudis, Gian Carlo Trinchero, D. Ramírez García, Julien Masbou, H. Simgen, A. Rocchetti, Stefan Lindemann, P. Gaemers, Giacomo Bruno, Marc Schumann, P. Shagin, M. Clark, Joern Mahlstedt, S. Bruenner, J. Wulf, J. A. M. Lopes, Z. Xu, J. Palacio, G. Plante, E. Angelino, J. Pienaar, M. Alfonsi, M. Kobayashi, R. Gaior, N. Kato, C. Wittweg, Jelle Aalbers, F. D. Amaro, Masaki Yamashita, Katsuki Hiraide, Yoshitaka Itow, A. Di Giovanni, Y. Mosbacher, Fabrizio Marignetti, Laura Manenti, M. Weiss, D. Coderre, R. F. Lang, Boris Bauermeister, P. Di Gangi, Guido Zavattini, A. Molinario, J. Qin, M. Scheibelhut, M. Iacovacci, C. Hils, O. Wack, T. Zhu, V. Pizzella, L. Althueser, J. Naganoma, Shigetaka Moriyama, C. Weinheimer, A. Manfredini, L. Scotto Lavina, A. D. Ferella, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, Han Wang, G. Volta, E. Hogenbirk, V. C. Antochi, S. Schindler, D. Schulte, Dominique Thers, J. Westermann, S. Reichard, D. Barge, B. Cimmino, J. Schreiner, M. P. Decowski, Manfred Lindner, Auke-Pieter Colijn, F. Toschi, J. R. Angevaare, Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), XENON, XENON (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), Aprile, E, Aalbers, J, Agostini, F, Alfonsi, M, Althueser, L, Amaro, F D, Antochi, V C, Angelino, E, Angevaare, J R, Arneodo, F, Barge, D, Baudis, L, Bauermeister, B, Bellagamba, L, Benabderrahmane, M L, Berger, T, Breur, P A, Brown, A, Brown, E, Bruenner, S, Bruno, G, Budnik, R, Capelli, C, Cardoso, J M R, Cichon, D, Cimmino, B, Clark, M, Coderre, D, Colijn, A P, Conrad, J, Cussonneau, J P, Decowski, M P, Depoian, A, Di Gangi, P, Di Giovanni, A, Di Stefano, R, Diglio, S, Elykov, A, Eurin, G, Ferella, A D, Fulgione, W, Gaemers, P, Gaior, R, Rosso, A Gallo, Galloway, M, Gao, F, Grandi, L, Garbini, M, Hasterok, C, Hils, C, Hiraide, K, Hoetzsch, L, Hogenbirk, E, Howlett, J, Iacovacci, M, Itow, Y, Joerg, F, Kato, N, Kazama, S, Kobayashi, M, Koltman, G, Kopec, A, Landsman, H, Lang, R F, Levinson, L, Lin, Q, Lindemann, S, Lindner, M, Lombardi, F, Lopes, J A M, López Fune, E, Macolino, C, Mahlstedt, J, Manenti, L, Manfredini, A, Marignetti, F, Undagoitia, T Marrodán, Martens, K, Masbou, J, Masson, D, Mastroianni, S, Messina, M, Miuchi, K, Molinario, A, Morå, K, Moriyama, S, Mosbacher, Y, Murra, M, Naganoma, J, Ni, K, Oberlack, U, Odgers, K, Palacio, J, Pelssers, B, Peres, R, Pienaar, J, Pizzella, V, Plante, G, Qin, J, Qiu, H, García, D Ramírez, Reichard, S, Rocchetti, A, Rupp, N, Santos, J M F Do, Sartorelli, G, Šarčević, N, Scheibelhut, M, Schindler, S, Schreiner, J, Schulte, D, Schumann, M, Lavina, L Scotto, Selvi, M, Semeria, F, Shagin, P, Shockley, E, Silva, M, Simgen, H, Takeda, A, Therreau, C, Thers, D, Toschi, F, Trinchero, G, Tunnell, C, Vargas, M, Volta, G, Wack, O, Wang, H, Wei, Y, Weinheimer, C, Weiss, M, Wenz, D, Westermann, J, Wittweg, C, Wulf, J, Xu, Z, Yamashita, M, Ye, J, Zavattini, G, Zhang, Y, Zhu, T, Zopounidis, J P, Columbia University [New York], Oskar Klein Centre [Stockholm], Stockholm University, University of Bologna, Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz (JGU), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO), New York University [Abu Dhabi], and NYU System (NYU)

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Radon emanation, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, NO, High Energy Physics - Experiment, radon: nuclide, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), XENON, Xenon, 222 Rn, PE2_2, PE2_1, 0103 physical sciences, Activity concentration, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Dark Matter, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Engineering (miscellaneous), background: radioactivity, Physics, radon: admixture, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, detector: surface, screening, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), chemistry, Xenon, Dark matter, 222 Rn, radioactivity, Dark Matter, Radon emanation, XENON, Direct Dark Matter, Direct Dark Matter, radioactivity, Atomic physics
Abstract

The selection of low-radioactive construction materials is of utmost importance for the success of low-energy rare event search experiments. Besides radioactive contaminants in the bulk, the emanation of radioactive radon atoms from material surfaces attains increasing relevance in the effort to further reduce the background of such experiments. In this work, we present the $^{222}$Rn emanation measurements performed for the XENON1T dark matter experiment. Together with the bulk impurity screening campaign, the results enabled us to select the radio-purest construction materials, targeting a $^{222}$Rn activity concentration of 10 $\mu$Bq/kg in 3.2 t of xenon. The knowledge of the distribution of the $^{222}$Rn sources allowed us to selectively eliminate critical components in the course of the experiment. The predictions from the emanation measurements were compared to data of the $^{222}$Rn activity concentration in XENON1T. The final $^{222}$Rn activity concentration of (4.5 $\pm$ 0.1) $\mu$Bq/kg in the target of XENON1T is the lowest ever achieved in a xenon dark matter experiment., Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures

Published
2021

3. Sensitivity of the DARWIN observatory to the neutrinoless double beta decay of $$^{136}$$Xe

Author

L. Grandi, A. Manfredini, J. Dierle, R. Peres, M. Clark, Auke-Pieter Colijn, S. Hansmann-Menzemer, P. Di Gangi, Ran Budnik, S. Milutinovic, L. Scotto Lavina, Ferenc Glück, C. Wittweg, Lawrence M. Krauss, A. D. Ferella, Y. Biondi, G. Khundzakishvili, M. Murra, J. Pienaar, C. Capelli, J.M.F. dos Santos, Guido Drexlin, F. Agostini, Marc Schumann, R. F. Lang, Kathrin Valerius, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, João Cardoso, A. Molinario, N. Rupp, S. E. M. Ahmed Maouloud, Ch. Weinheimer, M. Pierre, M. Steidl, D. Cichon, Miguel Silva, Jean-Pierre Cussonneau, Kai Zuber, F. Gao, K. Eitel, J. A. M. Lopes, P. Meinhardt, A. Depoian, R. Gumbsheimer, Biljana Antunović, M. P. Decowski, Laura Baudis, J. Qin, C. Therreau, Roberto Trotta, V. Pizzella, Manfred Lindner, Gabriella Sartorelli, D. Ramírez García, C. Tunnell, R. Größle, J. P. Zopounidis, M. Selvi, A. Terliuk, F. Jörg, Mila Pandurovic, P. A. Breur, A. Bismark, H. Landsman, A. Kopec, K. Thieme, Elena Aprile, F. D. Amaro, C. Macolino, L. Althueser, Eef Masson, Michelle Galloway, A. Di Giovanni, Stefan Lindemann, Sara Diglio, F. Girard, D. Vorkapic, Abbe Brown, P. Sanchez-Lucas, D. Schulte, C.M.B. Monteiro, Uwe Oberlack, H. Fischer, A. Loya Villalpando, D. Baur, Giacomo Bruno, J. J. Cuenca-García, G. Volta, S. Reichard, D. Thers, Joachim Wolf, Fabian Kuger, Julien Masbou, H. Simgen, Ralph Engel, University of Bologna, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), Columbia University [New York], Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Centre d'études et de recherches appliquées à la gestion (CERAG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DARWIN, DARWIN Collaboration, Agostini, F., Maouloud, S. E. M. Ahmed, Althueser, L., Amaro, F., Antunovic, B., Aprile, E., Baudis, L., Baur, D., Biondi, Y., Bismark, A., Breur, P. A., Brown, A., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J., Cichon, D., Clark, M., Colijn, A. P., Cuenca-García, J. J., Cussonneau, J. P., Decowski, M. P., Depoian, A., Dierle, J., Gangi, P. Di, Giovanni, A. Di, Diglio, S., Santos, J. M. F. do, Drexlin, G., Eitel, K., Engel, R., Ferella, A. D., Fischer, H., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Girard, F., Glück, F., Grandi, L., Größle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Hansmann-Menzemer, S., Jörg, F., Khundzakishvili, G., Kopec, A., Kuger, F., Krauss, L. M., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Lopes, J. A. M., Villalpando, A. Loya, Macolino, C., Manfredini, A., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Masbou, J., Masson, E., Meinhardt, P., Milutinovic, S., Molinario, A., Monteiro, C. M. B., Murra, M., Oberlack, U. G., Pandurovic, M., Peres, R., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Pizzella, V., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Reichard, S., Rupp, N., Sanchez-Lucas, P., Sartorelli, G., Schulte, D., Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Steidl, M., Terliuk, A., Therreau, C., Thers, D., Thieme, K., Trotta, R., Tunnell, C. D., Valerius, K., Volta, G., Vorkapic, D., Weinheimer, C., Wittweg, C., Wolf, J., Zopounidis, J. P., Zuber, K., and XENON (IHEF, IoP, FNWI)

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Xenon, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, double-beta decay: (0neutrino), Double beta decay, Neutrino-less, Liquid Xenon, Sensitivity, Dark Matter search, Double beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, Isotopes of xenon, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], ddc:530, Sensitivity (control systems), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Engineering (miscellaneous), Nuclear Experiment, activity report, Physics, Time projection chamber, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), dark matter: detector, sensitivity, time projection chamber, chemistry, xenon: nuclide, proposed experiment, numerical calculations: Monte Carlo, Energy (signal processing), Radioactive decay
Abstract

The DARWIN observatory is a proposed next-generation experiment to search for particle dark matter and for the neutrinoless double beta decay of $^{136}$Xe. Out of its 50$\,$t total natural xenon inventory, 40$\,$t will be the active target of a time projection chamber which thus contains about 3.6 t of $^{136}$Xe. Here, we show that its projected half-life sensitivity is $2.4\times10^{27}\,$yr, using a fiducial volume of 5t of natural xenon and 10$\,$yr of operation with a background rate of less than 0.2$~$events/(t$\cdot$yr) in the energy region of interest. This sensitivity is based on a detailed Monte Carlo simulation study of the background and event topologies in the large, homogeneous target. DARWIN will be comparable in its science reach to dedicated double beta decay experiments using xenon enriched in $^{136}$Xe., 12 pages, 9 figures

Published
2020

4. Search for Light Dark Matter Interactions Enhanced by the Migdal Effect or Bremsstrahlung in XENON1T

Author

A. Depoian, T. Berger, J. Qin, M. Selvi, T. Zhu, F. D. Amaro, H. Landsman, Guillaume Plante, N. Rupp, M. Iacovacci, Qing Lin, Boris Bauermeister, A. Kopec, N. Upole, D. Cichon, D. Wenz, R. F. Lang, R. Peres, B. Riedel, N. Šarčević, Shingo Kazama, W. Fulgione, P. Di Gangi, K. Morå, M. Messina, P. A. Breur, M. Manenti, J. Ye, Kaixuan Ni, F. Joerg, L. Althueser, A. Elykov, R. Podviianiuk, M. Murra, Elena Aprile, S. Schindler, C. Capelli, Yanxi Zhang, M. Alfonsi, C. Therreau, F. Arneodo, Gian Carlo Trinchero, D. Schulte, Jan Conrad, C. Hasterok, April S. Brown, R. Itay, E. Angelino, Ran Budnik, Uwe Oberlack, F. Toschi, Fabrizio Marignetti, J. Fei, F. Lombardi, D. Ramírez García, Yuehuan Wei, V. Pizzella, M. Garbini, L. Bellagamba, Y. Mosbacher, Giacomo Bruno, A. Di Giovanni, C. Macolino, Jörn Mahlstedt, J. Naganoma, J. P. Zopounidis, Michelle Galloway, J. Howlett, M. L. Benabderrahmane, S. Reichard, O. Wack, Ethan Brown, Marc Schumann, H. Qiu, C. Hils, A. Manfredini, L. Levinson, J. Schreiner, K. Odgers, S. Bruenner, J. Wulf, J. Palacio, Julien Masbou, H. Simgen, M. P. Decowski, Manfred Lindner, J. Pienaar, M. Kobayashi, G. Eurin, K. Micheneau, E. Shockley, Jelle Aalbers, Gabriella Sartorelli, L. Scotto Lavina, Auke-Pieter Colijn, Kate C. Miller, A. D. Ferella, Hongwei Wang, Ch. Weinheimer, J. A. M. Lopes, A. Kish, A. Gallo Rosso, M. Vargas, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, A. Rocchetti, Jean-Pierre Cussonneau, Bart Pelssers, C. Tunnell, C. Wittweg, A. Fieguth, D. Coderre, L. Grandi, G. Koltman, Manuel Gameiro da Silva, A. Molinario, M. Scheibelhut, D. Barge, G. Volta, E. Hogenbirk, V. C. Antochi, P. Shagin, Laura Baudis, Dominique Thers, P. Gaemers, Z. Greene, J.M.F. dos Santos, F. Agostini, Sebastian Lindemann, E. López Fune, S. Mastroianni, Sara Diglio, João Cardoso, F. Gao, P. de Perio, Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), XENON, Aprile, E., Aalbers, J., Agostini, F., Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Amaro, F. D., Antochi, V. C., Angelino, E., Arneodo, F., Barge, D., Baudis, L., Bauermeister, B., Bellagamba, L., Benabderrahmane, M. L., Berger, T., Breur, P. A., Brown, A., Brown, E., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Coderre, D., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cussonneau, J. P., Decowski, M. P., de Perio, P., Depoian, A., Di Gangi, P., Di Giovanni, A., Diglio, S., Elykov, A., Eurin, G., Fei, J., Ferella, A. D., Fieguth, A., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Gallo Rosso, A., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Garbini, M., Grandi, L., Greene, Z., Hasterok, C., Hils, C., Hogenbirk, E., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itay, R., Joerg, F., Kazama, S., Kish, A., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Lin, Q., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Lombardi, F., Lopes, J. A. M., López Fune, E., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Manenti, M., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Marrodán Undagoitia, T., Masbou, J., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Micheneau, K., Miller, K., Molinario, A., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Naganoma, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Odgers, K., Palacio, J., Pelssers, B., Peres, R., Pienaar, J., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Podviianiuk, R., Qin, J., Qiu, H., Ramírez García, D., Reichard, S., Riedel, B., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., dos Santos, J. M. F., Sartorelli, G., Šarčević, N., Scheibelhut, M., Schindler, S., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schumann, M., Scotto Lavina, L., Selvi, M., Shagin, P., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Therreau, C., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Upole, N., Vargas, M., Volta, G., Wack, O., Wang, H., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wulf, J., Ye, J., Zhang, Y., Zhu, T., Zopounidis, J. P., Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), XENON (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), IoP (FNWI), Aprile E., Aalbers J., Agostini F., Alfonsi M., Althueser L., Amaro F.D., Antochi V.C., Angelino E., Arneodo F., Barge D., Baudis L., Bauermeister B., Bellagamba L., Benabderrahmane M.L., Berger T., Breur P.A., Brown A., Brown E., Bruenner S., Bruno G., Budnik R., Capelli C., Cardoso J.M.R., Cichon D., Coderre D., Colijn A.P., Conrad J., Cussonneau J.P., Decowski M.P., De Perio P., Depoian A., Di Gangi P., Di Giovanni A., Diglio S., Elykov A., Eurin G., Fei J., Ferella A.D., Fieguth A., Fulgione W., Gaemers P., Gallo Rosso A., Galloway M., Gao F., Garbini M., Grandi L., Greene Z., Hasterok C., Hils C., Hogenbirk E., Howlett J., Iacovacci M., Itay R., Joerg F., Kazama S., Kish A., Kobayashi M., Koltman G., Kopec A., Landsman H., Lang R.F., Levinson L., Lin Q., Lindemann S., Lindner M., Lombardi F., Lopes J.A.M., Lopez Fune E., MacOlino C., Mahlstedt J., Manenti M., Manfredini A., Marignetti F., Marrodan Undagoitia T., Masbou J., Mastroianni S., Messina M., Micheneau K., Miller K., Molinario A., Mora K., Mosbacher Y., Murra M., Naganoma J., Ni K., Oberlack U., Odgers K., Palacio J., Pelssers B., Peres R., Pienaar J., Pizzella V., Plante G., Podviianiuk R., Qin J., Qiu H., Ramirez Garcia D., Reichard S., Riedel B., Rocchetti A., Rupp N., Dos Santos J.M.F., Sartorelli G., Sarcevic N., Scheibelhut M., Schindler S., Schreiner J., Schulte D., Schumann M., Scotto Lavina L., Selvi M., Shagin P., Shockley E., Silva M., Simgen H., Therreau C., Thers D., Toschi F., Trinchero G., Tunnell C., Upole N., Vargas M., Volta G., Wack O., Wang H., Wei Y., Weinheimer C., Wenz D., Wittweg C., Wulf J., Ye J., Zhang Y., Zhu T., and Zopounidis J.P.

Subjects
xenon: target, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, dark matter: interaction, elastic scattering, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Xenon, Ionization, excited state, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Nuclear Experiment, Light dark matter, Elastic scattering, Physics, xenon: liquid, atom, momentum transfer, Momentum transfer, Bremsstrahlung, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), photon: bremsstrahlung, S030DN5, Weakly interacting massive particles, Excited state, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Dark matter, Light Dark Matter Direct search Liquid Xenon TPC, FOS: Physical sciences, S030DI5, chemistry.chemical_element, Nuclear physics, Particle dark matter, recoil, ionization, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, scintillation counter, S030DP5, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, down: mass, sensitivity, Dark matter, Particle dark matter, Weakly interacting massive particles, Automatic Keywords, chemistry, Elementary Particles and Fields, bremsstrahlung: emission, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

Direct dark matter detection experiments based on a liquid xenon target are leading the search for dark matter particles with masses above ∼5 GeV/c2, but have limited sensitivity to lighter masses because of the small momentum transfer in dark matter-nucleus elastic scattering. However, there is an irreducible contribution from inelastic processes accompanying the elastic scattering, which leads to the excitation and ionization of the recoiling atom (the Migdal effect) or the emission of a bremsstrahlung photon. In this Letter, we report on a probe of low-mass dark matter with masses down to about 85 MeV/c2 by looking for electronic recoils induced by the Migdal effect and bremsstrahlung using data from the XENON1T experiment. Besides the approach of detecting both scintillation and ionization signals, we exploit an approach that uses ionization signals only, which allows for a lower detection threshold. This analysis significantly enhances the sensitivity of XENON1T to light dark matter previously beyond its reach.

Published
2019

5. The next generation of laser spectroscopy experiments using light muonic atoms

Author

M. Abdou Ahmed, J.F.C.A. Veloso, M. Willig, D. N. Patel, Laura Sinkunaite, Malte Hildebrandt, R. Horn, Jonas Nuber, José Paulo Santos, Li-Bang Wang, Andrzej Adamczak, Klaus Kirch, Stefan E. Schmidt, Miroslaw Marszalek, Jorge Machado, J. Haack, L.M.P. Fernandes, Karsten Schuhmann, Aldo Antognini, Jow-Tsong Shy, François Biraben, P. A. O. C. Silva, Pedro Amaro, Manuel Zeyen, Andreas Knecht, Patrícia Miguel da Silva Carvalho, Yi-Wei Liu, Tzu-Ling Chen, Paul Indelicato, C.M.B. Monteiro, Franz Kottmann, J.M.F. dos Santos, David Taqqu, Thomas Graf, Julian J. Krauth, F. D. Amaro, E. Rapisarda, François Nez, Yi-Jan Huang, Mauro Guerra, Randolf Pohl, Ivo Schulthess, Theodor W. Hänsch, Lucile Julien, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB [Collège de France]), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Collège de France (CdF)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Atoms, Molecules, Lasers, LaserLaB - Physics of Light, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))

Subjects
History, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), measurement methods, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Effective nuclear charge, Education, Lamb shift, Physics - Atomic Physics, hydrogen: muonic atom, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, Physics::Atomic Physics, 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy, Helium, Exotic atom, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Precision spectroscopy, helium: muonic atom, nucleus, Nuclear structure, Fundamental interaction, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEN-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/General Physics [physics.gen-ph], Computer Science Applications, laser, chemistry, charge radius, quantum electrodynamics: bound state, spectrometer, Atomic physics, experimental results
Abstract

Precision spectroscopy of light muonic atoms provides unique information about the atomic and nuclear structure of these systems and thus represents a way to access fundamental interactions, properties and constants. One application comprises the determination of absolute nuclear charge radii with unprecedented accuracy from measurements of the 2S - 2P Lamb shift. Here, we review recent results of nuclear charge radii extracted from muonic hydrogen and helium spectroscopy and present experiment proposals to access light muonic atoms with Z ≥ 3. In addition, our approaches towards a precise measurement of the Zemach radii in muonic hydrogen (μp) and helium (μ 3He+) are discussed. These results will provide new tests of bound-state quantum-electrodynamics in hydrogen-like systems and can be used as benchmarks for nuclear structure theories., Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1138 (1), ISSN:1742-6588, ISSN:1742-6596

Published
2018

6. The XENON1T Dark Matter Experiment

Author

E. Aprile, J. Aalbers, F. Agostini, M. Alfonsi, F. D. Amaro, M. Anthony, B. Antunes, F. Arneodo, M. Balata, P. Barrow, L. Baudis, B. Bauermeister, M. L. Benabderrahmane, T. Berger, A. Breskin, P. A. Breur, A. Brown, E. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, L. Bütikofer, J. Calvén, J. M. R. Cardoso, M. Cervantes, A. Chiarini, D. Cichon, D. Coderre, A. P. Colijn, J. Conrad, R. Corrieri, J. P. Cussonneau, M. P. Decowski, P. de Perio, P. Di Gangi, A. Di Giovanni, S. Diglio, J.-M. Disdier, M. Doets, E. Duchovni, G. Eurin, J. Fei, A. D. Ferella, A. Fieguth, D. Franco, D. Front, W. Fulgione, A. Gallo Rosso, M. Galloway, F. Gao, M. Garbini, C. Geis, K.-L. Giboni, L. W. Goetzke, L. Grandi, Z. Greene, C. Grignon, C. Hasterok, E. Hogenbirk, C. Huhmann, R. Itay, A. James, B. Kaminsky, S. Kazama, G. Kessler, A. Kish, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, D. Lellouch, L. Levinson, Q. Lin, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, F. Lombardi, J. A. M. Lopes, R. Maier, A. Manfredini, I. Maris, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, J. Masbou, F. V. Massoli, D. Masson, D. Mayani, M. Messina, K. Micheneau, A. Molinario, K. Morå, M. Murra, J. Naganoma, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, D. Orlandi, R. Othegraven, P. Pakarha, S. Parlati, B. Pelssers, R. Persiani, F. Piastra, J. Pienaar, V. Pizzella, M.-C. Piro, G. Plante, N. Priel, D. Ramírez García, L. Rauch, S. Reichard, C. Reuter, A. Rizzo, S. Rosendahl, N. Rupp, J. M. F. dos Santos, R. Saldanha, G. Sartorelli, M. Scheibelhut, S. Schindler, J. Schreiner, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, P. Shagin, E. Shockley, M. Silva, H. Simgen, M. v. Sivers, M. Stern, A. Stein, D. Tatananni, L. Tatananni, D. Thers, A. Tiseni, G. Trinchero, C. Tunnell, N. Upole, M. Vargas, O. Wack, R. Walet, H. Wang, Z. Wang, Y. Wei, C. Weinheimer, C. Wittweg, J. Wulf, J. Ye, Y. Zhang, XENON Collaboration, XENON (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées ( SUBATECH ), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire ( IMT Atlantique ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies ( LPNHE ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), XENON, Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aprile, E., Aalbers, J., Agostini, F., Alfonsi, M., Amaro, F.D., Anthony, M., Antunes, B., Arneodo, F., Balata, M., Barrow, P., Baudis, L., Bauermeister, B., Benabderrahmane, M.L., Berger, T., Breskin, A., Breur, P.A., Brown, A., Brown, E., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Bütikofer, L., Calvén, J., Cardoso, J.M.R., Cervantes, M., Chiarini, A., Cichon, D., Coderre, D., Colijn, A.P., Conrad, J., Corrieri, R., Cussonneau, J.P., Decowski, M.P., de Perio, P., Gangi, P. Di, Giovanni, A. Di, Diglio, S., Disdier, J.-M., Doets, M., Duchovni, E., Eurin, G., Fei, J., Ferella, A.D., Fieguth, A., Franco, D., Front, D., Fulgione, W., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galloway, M., Gao, F., Garbini, M., Geis, C., Giboni, K.-L., Goetzke, L.W., Grandi, L., Greene, Z., Grignon, C., Hasterok, C., Hogenbirk, E., Huhmann, C., Itay, R., James, A., Kaminsky, B., Kazama, S., Kessler, G., Kish, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R.F., Lellouch, D., Levinson, L., Lin, Q., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Lombardi, F., Lopes, J.A.M., Maier, R., Manfredini, A., Maris, I., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Masbou, J., Massoli, F.V., Masson, D., Mayani, D., Messina, M., Micheneau, K., Molinario, A., Morå, K., Murra, M., Naganoma, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Orlandi, D., Othegraven, R., Pakarha, P., Parlati, S., Pelssers, B., Persiani, R., Piastra, F., Pienaar, J., Pizzella, V., Piro, M.-C., Plante, G., Priel, N., García, D. Ramírez, Rauch, L., Reichard, S., Reuter, C., Rizzo, A., Rosendahl, S., Rupp, N., Santos, J.M.Fdos., Saldanha, R., Sartorelli, G., Scheibelhut, M., Schindler, S., Schreiner, J., Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Shagin, P., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Sivers, Mv., Stern, M., Stein, A., Tatananni, D., Tatananni, L., Thers, D., Tiseni, A., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Upole, N., Vargas, M., Wack, O., Walet, R., Wang, H., Wang, Z., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Wittweg, C., Wulf, J., Ye, J., and Zhang, Y.

Subjects
xenon: target, Photomultiplier, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), WIMP, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Dark matter, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, lcsh:Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), XENON, Xenon, background: low, [ PHYS.HEXP ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, lcsh:QB460-466, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Dark Matter, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Engineering (miscellaneous), Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Astrophysique, Physics, Scintillation, xenon: liquid, Time projection chamber, photomultiplier, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), dark matter: detector, time projection chamber, chemistry, lcsh:QC770-798, TPC, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], performance, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The XENON1T experiment at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) is the first WIMP dark matter detector operating with a liquid xenon target mass above the ton-scale. Out of its 3.2 t liquid xenon inventory, 2.0 t constitute the active target of the dual-phase time projection chamber. The scintillation and ionization signals from particle interactions are detected with low-background photomultipliers. This article describes the XENON1T instrument and its subsystems as well as strategies to achieve an unprecedented low background level. First results on the detector response and the performance of the subsystems are also presented. © 2017, The Author(s)., info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2017

7. Pionic hydrogen and friends

Author

T. S. Jensen, Vladimir Popov, E.-O. Le Bigot, Martino Trassinelli, J.M.F. dos Santos, H. Fuhrmann, V. N. Pomerantsev, L. M. Simons, S. Schlesser, M. Nekipelov, Paul Alois Buhler, J.F.C.A. Veloso, D. S. Covita, H. Gorke, Th. Strauch, Johann Zmeskal, M. Hennebach, T. Ishiwatari, Johann Marton, Detlev Gotta, Dimitrios F. Anagnostopoulos, Paul Indelicato, F. D. Amaro, A. Gruber, Albert Hirtl, P. Schmid, V. E. Markushin, and M. Theisen

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Hydrogen, Scattering, Hadron, Nuclear Theory, chemistry.chemical_element, Context (language use), Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Nuclear physics, Pion, Deuterium, chemistry, Exotic atoms, Pion-nucleon scattering, X-ray spectrometer, Physics::Atomic Physics, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Ground state, Nuclear Experiment, Exotic atom
Abstract

Pion-nucleon scattering lengths are directly related to the ground-state level shift and broadening in pionic hydrogen as well as to the pionic deuterium level shift. The level broadening in deuterium measures the strength of pion threshold-production in proton-proton reactions. However, collisional processes during the atomic de-excitation cascade considerably complicate the analysis of X-ray line shapes in order to extract the hadronic broadening. Therefore, additionally the purely electromagnetic twin system muonic hydrogen was studied. Results of these experiments performed at PSI by using a high-resolution crystal spectrometer are discussed in the context with a new analysis approach for the hadronic broadening.

Published
2015

8. Online $$^{222}$$ 222 Rn removal by cryogenic distillation in the XENON100 experiment

Author

April S. Brown, P. Shagin, R. Itay, A. Kish, D. Mayani, Jochen Schreiner, M. P. Decowski, T. Berger, M. Anthony, D. Thers, R. F. Lang, S. Rosendahl, Manfred Lindner, M. Cervantes, M. v. Sivers, Julien Masbou, Michelle Galloway, M. Le Calloch, D. Lellouch, Laura Baudis, A. Tiseni, Yuehuan Wei, V. Pizzella, D. Cichon, S. E. A. Orrigo, C. Hasterok, Z. Greene, R. Saldanha, G. Eurin, M. L. Benabderrahmane, Ethan Brown, M. Messina, Hulin Wang, G. C. Trinchero, J. Pienaar, K. Micheneau, J. Naganoma, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, Ehud Duchovni, João Cardoso, G. Kessler, J.M.F. dos Santos, F. Gao, Elena Aprile, Jelle Aalbers, F. Arneodo, Ran Budnik, L. Levinson, Ioana Codrina Maris, F. Agostini, F. V. Massoli, Qing Lin, F. Piastra, Marc Schumann, F. D. Amaro, P. Pakarha, Sebastian Lindemann, Guillaume Plante, Giacomo Bruno, E. Hogenbirk, E. Shockley, A. Di Giovanni, Boris Bauermeister, W. Fulgione, S. Reichard, C. Reuter, M. Alfonsi, Y. Meng, M. Selvi, M. Murra, L. Rauch, J. Ye, A. Fieguth, D. Coderre, Manuel Gameiro da Silva, A. Stein, R. Persiani, B. Kaminsky, C. Tunnell, A. Molinario, Sara Diglio, M. Scheibelhut, A. Gallo Rosso, Jan Conrad, P. Barrow, Yanxi Zhang, C. Geis, J. Fei, N. Upole, A. Rizzo, N. Priel, Jean-Pierre Cussonneau, L. Bütikofer, Auke-Pieter Colijn, Bart Pelssers, Uwe Oberlack, P. Di Gangi, M. Garbini, J. A. M. Lopes A. Manfredini, C. Grignon, Kaixuan Ni, S. Schindler, D. Franco, H. Landsman, I. Cristescu, P. de Perio, D. Masson, B. Miguez, N. Rupp, L. Scotto Lavina, Hardy Simgen, A. D. Ferella, Ch. Weinheimer, P. A. Breur, G. Sartorelli, S. Bruenner, J. Wulf, M.-C. Piro, L. Grandi, Luke Goetzke, and J. Calvén

Subjects
Air separation, Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Noble gas, Radon, 01 natural sciences, Xenon, chemistry, Fractionating column, 0103 physical sciences, Activity concentration, 010306 general physics, Engineering (miscellaneous), Reduction factor
Abstract

We describe the purification of xenon from traces of the radioactive noble gas radon using a cryogenic distillation column. The distillation column is integrated into the gas purification loop of the XENON100 detector for online radon removal. This enabled us to significantly reduce the constant $^{222}$Rn background originating from radon emanation. After inserting an auxiliary $^{222}$Rn emanation source in the gas loop, we determined a radon reduction factor of R > 27 (95% C.L.) for the distillation column by monitoring the $^{222}$Rn activity concentration inside the XENON100 detector.

Published
2017

9. Effective field theory search for high-energy nuclear recoils using the XENON100 dark matter detector

Author

Sara Diglio, F. V. Massoli, Qing Lin, J. Calvén, Ch. Weinheimer, Marc Schumann, P. Pakarha, W. Fulgione, J. Ye, A. Manfredini, M. Murra, Ben Farmer, Luke Goetzke, M. V. Sivers, Jean-Pierre Cussonneau, F. Lombardi, M.-C. Piro, L. Buetikofer, J.M.F. dos Santos, D. Masson, Bart Pelssers, C. Geis, C. Hasterok, C. Reuter, M. Messina, F. Agostini, M. L. Benabderrahmane, A. Rizzo, P. Di Gangi, P. de Perio, B. Kaminsky, Ethan Brown, Julien Masbou, Teresa Marrodán Undagoitia, Sebastian Lindemann, H. Simgen, L. Scotto Lavina, Yanxi Zhang, Yuehuan Wei, K. Morå, Zhou Wang, C. Tunnell, A. Di Giovanni, A. D. Ferella, M. Selvi, G. Eurin, Kaixuan Ni, Hongwei Wang, Giacomo Bruno, Gabriella Sartorelli, Uwe Oberlack, J. A. M. Lopes, A. Kish, L. Levinson, J. Pienaar, M. Garbini, Ioana Codrina Maris, V. Pizzella, C. Grignon, April S. Brown, K. Micheneau, R. Itay, G. Kessler, M. Alfonsi, S. Bruenner, J. Wulf, Laura Baudis, J. Naganoma, Jelle Aalbers, Z. Greene, J. Schreiner, Ran Budnik, M. P. Decowski, M. Vargas, Auke-Pieter Colijn, P. A. Breur, Manfred Lindner, F. D. Amaro, Guillaume Plante, A. Stein, M. Cervantes, R. Persiani, D. Cichon, P. Barrow, D. Lellouch, A. Fieguth, D. Coderre, Boris Bauermeister, Manuel Gameiro da Silva, F. Arneodo, A. Tiseni, J. Fei, A. Molinario, M. Scheibelhut, João Cardoso, Elena Aprile, F. Gao, Gian Carlo Trinchero, S. Schindler, N. Rupp, S. Reichard, F. Piastra, T. Berger, S. Rosendahl, N. Priel, Shingo Kazama, Jan Conrad, M. Anthony, R. F. Lang, E. Hogenbirk, P. Shagin, D. Mayani, Dominique Thers, L. Rauch, H. Landsman, A. Gallo Rosso, A. Di Galloway, Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), XENON, Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées ( SUBATECH ), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire ( IMT Atlantique ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies ( LPNHE ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Aprile, E., Aalbers, J., Agostini, F., Alfonsi, M., Amaro, F.D., Anthony, M., Arneodo, F., Barrow, P., Baudis, L., Bauermeister, B., Benabderrahmane, M.L., Berger, T., Breur, P.A., Brown, A., Brown, E., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Bütikofer, L., Calvén, J., Cardoso, J.M.R., Cervantes, M., Cichon, D., Coderre, D., Colijn, A.P., Conrad, J., Cussonneau, J.P., Decowski, M.P., De Perio, P., Di Gangi, P., Di Giovanni, A., Diglio, S., Eurin, G., Fei, J., Ferella, A.D., Fieguth, A., Fulgione, W., Gallo Rosso, A., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Garbini, M., Geis, C., Goetzke, L.W., Greene, Z., Grignon, C., Hasterok, C., Hogenbirk, E., Itay, R., Kaminsky, B., Kazama, S., Kessler, G., Kish, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R.F., Lellouch, D., Levinson, L., Lin, Q., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Lombardi, F., Lopes, J.A.M., Manfredini, A., Maris, I., Marrodán Undagoitia, T., Masbou, J., Massoli, F.V., Masson, D., Mayani, D., Messina, M., Micheneau, K., Molinario, A., Morå, K., Murra, M., Naganoma, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Pakarha, P., Pelssers, B., Persiani, R., Piastra, F., Pienaar, J., Pizzella, V., Piro, M.-C., Plante, G., Priel, N., Rauch, L., Reichard, S., Reuter, C., Rizzo, A., Rosendahl, S., Rupp, N., Dos Santos, J.M.F., Sartorelli, G., Scheibelhut, M., Schindler, S., Schreiner, J., Schumann, M., Scotto Lavina, L., Selvi, M., Shagin, P., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Sivers, M.V., Stein, A., Thers, D., Tiseni, A., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Vargas, M., Wang, H., Wang, Z., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Wulf, J., Ye, J., Farmer, B., Zhang, Y., Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), and XENON (IHEF, IoP, FNWI)

Subjects
WIMP nucleon: scattering, Particle physics, data analysis method, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, WIMP, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Dark matter, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, XENON, Xenon, statistical analysis, 0103 physical sciences, Effective field theory, Dark Matter, 010306 general physics, S030UDM, nucleus: recoil, Physics, Coupling constant, effective field theory: nonrelativistic, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, dark matter: detector, chemistry, Weakly interacting massive particles, Direct Search, High Energy Physics::Experiment, TPC, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], recoil: energy, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

International audience; We report on weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) search results in the XENON100 detector using a nonrelativistic effective field theory approach. The data from science run II (34 kg×224.6 live days) were reanalyzed, with an increased recoil energy interval compared to previous analyses, ranging from (6.6–240) keVnr. The data are found to be compatible with the background-only hypothesis. We present 90% confidence level exclusion limits on the coupling constants of WIMP-nucleon effective operators using a binned profile likelihood method. We also consider the case of inelastic WIMP scattering, where incident WIMPs may up-scatter to a higher mass state, and set exclusion limits on this model as well.

Published
2017

10. Operational properties of fine powder aerosol as radiation detection medium in gaseous proportional counters

Author

N.F.V. Duarte, C.M.B. Monteiro, F. D. Amaro, C.D.R. Azevedo, and Aldo Antognini

Subjects
Physics, 0303 health sciences, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Proportional counter, Gamma ray detection, Neutron detection, Boron carbide, Neutron radiation, He alternative, 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, Computational physics, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Neutron capture, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Irradiation, Instrumentation, 10B, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

Due to its exceptional properties, 3He proportional counters are the golden standard for neutron detection, particularly in homeland security applications where large area detectors are deployed. However, in recent years 3He has become severely scarce, which led to a tremendous price increase and acquisition restrictions of this material. Motivated by this, the development of 3He-free solutions became a priority. In a previous work, we have established a novel concept for neutron detection: a proportional counter with boron carbide (B 4 C) fine powder suspended in the proportional gas, forming a neutron sensitive aerosol that relies on the 10B neutron capture reaction. Computer simulations and prototype exposure to a cold neutron beam yielded favorable results, validating the detection concept, which may also be applied to hard x-ray and gamma ray detection by using fine particles made of a heavy element, such as Bi or Au. In this work we study the effect of the presence of B 4 C microparticles in the charge gain and energy resolution of a proportional counter filled with Ar-CH4 (90%–10%), by irradiation with x-rays from a 55Fe source. For the same applied voltage, an average gain loss by a factor of 36% and energy resolution (FWHM) increase by 15% (absolute value) was observed with the inclusion of B 4 C microparticles. Intrinsic energy resolution was calculated, obtaining 15% for pure P10 operation and 32% in the presence of the microparticles. While the gain drop is recoverable by increasing anode voltage, energy resolution degradation may be a drawback in low energy applications, were energy resolution is favored over detection efficiency.

Published
2019

11. Experiments towards resolving the proton charge radius puzzle

Author

A. Knecht, José Paulo Santos, David Taqqu, Andreas Dax, Theodor W. Hänsch, Thomas Graf, Jorge Machado, Randolf Pohl, L.M.P. Fernandes, Marc Diepold, Françoise Mulhauser, F. D. Amaro, B. Franke, Malte Hildebrandt, Karsten Schuhmann, A. L. Gouvea, Pedro Amaro, Paul Indelicato, Yi-Wei Liu, Julian J. Krauth, C.M.B. Monteiro, S. Galtier, M. Abdou-Ahmed, L. Julien, D. S. Covita, Klaus Kirch, Aldo Antognini, J.F.C.A. Veloso, Csilla I. Szabo, Birgit Weichelt, J.M.F. dos Santos, Andreas Voss, Tzu-Ling Chen, François Nez, Franz Kottmann, François Biraben, Johannes Götzfried, Atoms, Molecules, Lasers, LaserLaB - Physics of Light, Elster, Charlotte, Phillips, Daniel R., Roberts, Craig, LIBPhys-UNL, and DF – Departamento de Física

Subjects
Hydrogen, Proton, POLARIZABILITY CONTRIBUTION, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), QC1-999, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, MUONIC-HYDROGEN, Physics and Astronomy(all), FREQUENCY, 01 natural sciences, CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY, HYDROGEN LAMB SHIFT, Physics - Atomic Physics, ATOMS, Charge radius, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Atomic Physics, SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy, 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy, Exotic atom, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, METROLOGY, chemistry, ELASTIC-SCATTERING, Atomic physics, TRANSITION
Abstract

We review the status of the proton charge radius puzzle. Emphasis is given to the various experiments initiated to resolve the conflict between the muonic hydrogen results and the results from scattering and regular hydrogen spectroscopy., EPJ Web of Conferences, 113, ISSN:2100-014X, ISSN:2101-6275

Published
2016

12. The Resistive-Plate WELL with Argon mixtures - a robust gaseous radiation detector

Author

C.D.R. Azevedo, Michael Pitt, Joaquim M. F. dos Santos, J.F.C.A. Veloso, Eraldo Oliveri, Dan Shaked-Renous, Lior Arazi, L. Moleri, Amos Breskin, F. D. Amaro, Shikma Bressler, and Jana Schaarschmidt

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Calorimetery, Micropattern Gaseous detectors, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Pion, 0103 physical sciences, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Physics, Resistive touchscreen, Muon, Argon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), chemistry, Gas electron multiplier, Atomic physics, THGEM
Abstract

A thin single-element THGEM-based, Resistive-Plate WELL (RPWELL) detector was operated with 150 GeV/c muon and pion beams in Ne/(5%CH$_4$), Ar/(5%CH$_4$) and Ar/(7%CO$_2$); signals were recorded with 1 cm$^2$ square pads and SRS/APV25 electronics. Detection efficiency values greater than 98% were reached in all the gas mixtures, at average pad multiplicity of 1.2. The use of the 10$^9${\Omega}cm resistive plate resulted in a completely discharge-free operation also in intense pion beams. The efficiency remained essentially constant at 98-99% up to fluxes of $\sim$10$^4$Hz/cm$^2$, dropping by a few % when approaching 10$^5$ Hz/cm$^2$. These results pave the way towards cost-effective, robust, efficient, large-scale detectors for a variety of applications in future particle, astro-particle and applied fields. A potential target application is digital hadron calorimetry., Comment: presented at the 2016 VIenna Conf. On instrumentation. Submitted to the Conference proceedings

Published
2016

13. Laser spectroscopy of muonic deuterium

Author

Thomas Graf, L.M.P. Fernandes, Catherine Schwob, Lukas A. Schaller, Lucile Julien, David Taqqu, Paul Indelicato, F. D. Amaro, Franz Kottmann, Yi-Wei Liu, Joaquim M. F. dos Santos, François Nez, João Cardoso, F. Biraben, J.F.C.A. Veloso, Satish Dhawan, J. A. M. Lopes, Paul E. Knowles, Randolf Pohl, Tobias Nebel, D. S. Covita, Andrea L. Gouvea, F. Mulhauser, Karsten Schuhmann, Aldo Antognini, C.M.B. Monteiro, Andreas Dax, Paul Rabinowitz, Adolf Giesen, Eric-Olivier Le Bigot, Theodor W. Hänsch, Marc Diepold, Livia Ludhova, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB [Collège de France]), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Collège de France (CdF)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CREMA, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))

Subjects
deuteron, atom: exotic, Proton, Nuclear Theory, 01 natural sciences, benchmark, hydrogen: muonic atom, Charge radius, muon, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Physics::Atomic Physics, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, deuterium, Exotic atom, Multidisciplinary, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Chemistry, nuclear force, nucleus, transition, Radius, polarizability, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEN-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/General Physics [physics.gen-ph], laser, Atomic radius, Deuterium, charge radius, Atomic physics
Abstract

The deuteron is too small, too The radius of the proton has remained a point of debate ever since the spectroscopy of muonic hydrogen indicated a large discrepancy from the previously accepted value. Pohl et al. add an important clue for solving this so-called proton radius puzzle. They determined the charge radius of the deuteron, a nucleus consisting of a proton and a neutron, from the transition frequencies in muonic deuterium. Mirroring the proton radius puzzle, the radius of the deuteron was several standard deviations smaller than the value inferred from previous spectroscopic measurements of electronic deuterium. This independent discrepancy points to experimental or theoretical error or even to physics beyond the standard model. Science , this issue p. 669

Published
2016

14. First in-beam studies of a Resistive-Plate WELL gaseous multiplier

Author

Michael Pitt, H. Natal da Luz, J.M.F. dos Santos, S. Kudella, C.D.R. Azevedo, M. R. Jorge, Amos Breskin, L. Moleri, F. D. Amaro, J.F.C.A. Veloso, Lior Arazi, Shikma Bressler, and E. Olivieri

Subjects
Materials science, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Optics, Pion, 0103 physical sciences, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Resistive touchscreen, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Copper, Anode, chemistry, Gas electron multiplier, business, Beam (structure)
Abstract

We present the results of the first in-beam studies of a medium size (10$\times$10 cm$^2$) Resistive-Plate WELL (RPWELL): a single-sided THGEM coupled to a pad anode through a resistive layer of high bulk resistivity ($\sim$10$^9 \Omega$cm). The 6.2~mm thick (excluding readout electronics) single-stage detector was studied with 150~GeV muons and pions. Signals were recorded from 1$\times$1 cm$^2$ square copper pads with APV25-SRS readout electronics. The single-element detector was operated in Ne\(5% $\mathrm{CH_{4}}$) at a gas gain of a few times 10$^4$, reaching 99$\%$ detection efficiency at average pad multiplicity of $\sim$1.2. Operation at particle fluxes up to $\sim$10$^4$ Hz/cm$^2$ resulted in $\sim$23$\%$ gain drop leading to $\sim$5$\%$ efficiency loss. The striking feature was the discharge-free operation, also in intense pion beams. These results pave the way towards robust, efficient large-scale detectors for applications requiring economic solutions at moderate spatial and energy resolutions., Comment: Accepted by JINST

Published
2016

15. Spatial resolution properties of krypton-based mixtures using a 100 μm thick Gas Electron Multiplier

Author

R. C. Roque, C.D.R. Azevedo, H. Natal da Luz, J.A. Mir, F. D. Amaro, and L. F. N. D. Carramate

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Materials science, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Krypton, Resolution (electron density), Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Carbon oxide, 0103 physical sciences, Carbon dioxide, Gas electron multiplier, Compounds of carbon, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Image resolution, Mathematical Physics
Published
2018

16. Gain characteristics of a 100 μm thick GEM in Krypton-CO2 mixtures

Author

F. D. Amaro, C.D.R. Azevedo, H. Natal da Luz, J.A. Mir, R. C. Roque, and L. F. N. D. Carramate

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Materials science, Isotope, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Inorganic chemistry, Krypton, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, Electromagnetic radiation, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, chemistry, Carbon oxide, 0103 physical sciences, Carbon dioxide, Iron Isotopes, Compounds of carbon, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Published
2017

17. Thin-Disk Yb:YAG Oscillator-Amplifier Laser, ASE, and Effective Yb:YAG Lifetime

Author

Livia Ludhova, N. Moschuring, Paul E. Knowles, David Taqqu, Lucile Julien, F. D. Amaro, K. Schuhmann, Françoise Mulhauser, Yi-Wei Liu, Paul Rabinowitz, Andreas Dax, E.-O. Le Bigot, Randolf Pohl, Aldo Antognini, Theodor W. Hänsch, Adolf Giesen, Tobias Nebel, François Biraben, Cheng-Yang Kao, Paul Indelicato, Franz Kottmann, Catherine Schwob, Thomas Graf, François Nez, Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Dausinger & Giesen GmbH, Departamento de Física [Coimbra] (DFC), Universidade de Coimbra [Coimbra], Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Jussieu)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physics Department, Yale University [New Haven], Technol Gesell Strahlwerkzeuge, Universität Stuttgart [Stuttgart], Institut für Strahwerkzeuge (IFSW), Stuttgart University, National Tsing Hua University [Hsinchu] (NTHU), Institut fur Teilchenphysik [Zürich], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), departement de physique, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Institut des Nanosciences de Paris (INSP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Ytterbium, Amplified spontaneous emission, Materials science, chemistry.chemical_element, thin-disk laser, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Optical pumping, Optics, law, Amplified spontaneous emission (ASE), Collins integral, oscillator, 0103 physical sciences, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 010306 general physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Amplifier, diode-pumped laser, effective Yb:YAG lifetime, prelasing, Superradiance, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, Q-switching, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Thin disk, chemistry, thermal lens, multipass amplifier, business
Abstract

We report on a thin-disk Yb:YAG laser made from a Q-switched oscillator and a multipass amplifier delivering pulses of 48 mJ at 1030 nm. The peculiar requirements for this laser are the short delay time (< 500 ns) between electronic trigger and optical output pulse and the time randomness with which these triggers occur (with trigger to next trigger delay ges 1.5 ms). Details concerning the oscillator dynamics (-switching cycle, intensity stabilization), and the peculiar amplifier layout are given. Simulations of the beam propagation in the amplifier based on the Collins integral and the measured aspherical components of the disk reproduce well the measured beam intensity profiles (with higher order intensity moments) and gains. Measurements of the thermal lens and ASE effects of the disk are also presented. A novel method to deduce the effective Yb:YAG upper state lifetime (under real laser operation and including ASE effects) is presented. That knowledge is necessary to determine gain and stored energy in the active medium and to understand the limiting factors for energy scaling of thin-disk lasers.

Published
2009

18. High Pressure Operation of the Photon-Assisted Cascaded Electron Multiplier

Author

J.M.F. dos Santos, J.F.C.A. Veloso, Amos Breskin, F. D. Amaro, Rachel Chechik, and A. Lyashenko

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Scintillation, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Materials science, Photon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Electron multiplier, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Electron, Photocathode, Xenon, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, Cascade, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, Optoelectronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Voltage
Abstract

We present the operation of the recently introduced Photon Assisted Cascaded Electron Multiplier (PACEM) in xenon at high pressure. The PACEM is a multi step electron multiplier where the VUV scintillation produced in the electron avalanches is used for signal propagation: the VUV scintillation produced in the first element of the cascade induces the emission of photoelectrons from a CsI photocathode placed on the top-surface of the second element. These photoelectrons are further multiplied, via charge avalanche. A metallic mesh electrode placed between the first and the second elements of the cascade completely blocks the charge transfer between them. Optical gains of 103 were achieved in xenon at atmospheric pressure, dropping to 25 at 3.3 bar, for applied voltages of 700 and 1100 V, respectively. Taking into account the subsequent charge multiplication, total gains are higher than those obtained with a triple GEM and double THGEM.

Published
2009

19. Secondary scintillation yield from gaseous micropattern electron multipliers in direct Dark Matter detection

Author

Rachel Chechik, J.M. Maia, Amos Breskin, C.M.B. Monteiro, J.M.F. dos Santos, F. D. Amaro, A.C.S.S.M. Bento, J.F.C.A. Veloso, A.S. Conceição, and L.F.R. Ferreira

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Scintillation, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Dark matter, chemistry.chemical_element, Electron, Avalanche photodiode, Optics, Xenon, chemistry, Ionization, Yield (chemistry), Gas electron multiplier, Atomic physics, business
Abstract

Efforts are being made in direct Dark Matter search experiments to detect the primary ionisation in the liquid by extracting the electrons to the gas phase and use the secondary ionization produced in the micropattern electron multipliers for signal amplification in noble-liquid dual-phase TPCs. We have studied the secondary scintillation yield of a single Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) and of a Micro-Hole & Strip Plate (MHSP) for xenon at room temperature. Values for secondary scintillation yield between 5.0 × 10 3 and 1.3 × 10 3 photons per primary electron were obtained for the GEM and between 7.2 × 10 4 and 1.8 × 10 3 photons per primary electron for the MHSP, as the pressure increased from 1.0 to 2.5 bar in the GEM-setup and from 1.0 to 3.3 bar in the MHSP-setup, respectively. These values can be more than one order of magnitude higher than what has been obtained in the uniform-field scintillation gaps of the XENON and ZEPLIN-III experiments. Although in the present setups the amount of secondary scintillation obtained is sufficient in view of the use of PMTs, if a different type of readout is considered, such as large area avalanche photodiodes, it will be important to increase the amount of secondary scintillation. The attained results demonstrate the clear advantage of reading the secondary scintillation instead of the charge produced in the electron avalanches of micropattern electron multipliers, in low-background and low-rate experiments, as is the case in direct Dark Matter search.

Published
2009

20. Gain Characteristics of a 100 μm thick Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM)

Author

X. Carvalho, C.D.R. Azevedo, H. Natal da Luz, F. D. Amaro, J.M.F. dos Santos, and J.A. Mir

Subjects
Physics, chemistry.chemical_classification, Argon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, Copper, Kapton, Optics, Transition metal, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Gas electron multiplier, Compounds of carbon, 010306 general physics, business, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Double stage, FOIL method
Abstract

The standard Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) invented by F. Sauli [1] consists of high density holes etched in 50 mu m thick copper clad Kapton foil. This study, however, investigated the basic charge gain characteristics of a non-standard 100 mu m thick Gas Electron Multiplier, fabricated using the same wet chemical etch process at CERN. It was possible to sustain charge gains of 3 x 10(3) and 1 x 10(4) using single and double stage configurations, respectively, operated in an Ar(70%)-CO2(30%) gas mixture. These values are similar to those achieved with standard GEMs. Crucially, we found that the thicker GEM is more robust as it withstood sparking without catastrophic failure. We also measured the gain dependence on ambient variables such as pressure and temperature and found the gain sensitivity to be 4.0 K/mbar, compared with 1.55 K/mbar for the standard GEM.

Published
2015

21. MHSP operation in pure xenon

Author

J.M.F. dos Santos, H. Natal da Luz, J.F.C.A. Veloso, L.F. Requicha Ferreira, F. D. Amaro, Rachel Chechik, and Amos Breskin

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, Atmospheric pressure, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Electron multiplier, Gas electron multiplier, chemistry.chemical_element, Photodetector, Particle detector, Xenon, chemistry, Irradiation, Atomic physics, Instrumentation
Abstract

We present latest results of a micro-hole and strip plate (MHSP) electron multiplier operating in pure xenon at atmospheric pressure. We report on avalanche gain of ~2×104, stable within ~3% after an accumulated charge of 4 [mu]C/mm2, when irradiated with 0.5 kHz/mm2 5.9 keV photons. No photon-induced secondary effects or discharges have been observed at this gain. An energy resolution of 14% was obtained with 5.9 keV X-rays. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJM-4GPVP8N-4/1/8f46f4fef69febd247768213084b087b

Published
2005

22. Proton Structure from the Measurement of 2S-2P Transition Frequencies of Muonic Hydrogen

Author

Marc Diepold, J.F.C.A. Veloso, Jan Vogelsang, Françoise Mulhauser, Franz Kottmann, D. S. Covita, Satish Dhawan, C.M.B. Monteiro, Andreas Dax, Theodor W. Hänsch, Livia Ludhova, J. A. M. Lopes, Lukas A. Schaller, Yi-Wei Liu, David Taqqu, François Nez, Paul Rabinowitz, Eric-Olivier Le Bigot, Andrea L. Gouvea, João Cardoso, Tobias Nebel, Cheng-Yang Kao, F. D. Amaro, Karsten Schuhmann, Lucile Julien, Paul E. Knowles, Adolf Giesen, Catherine Schwob, Joaquim M. F. dos Santos, Paul Indelicato, Thomas Graf, L.M.P. Fernandes, Randolf Pohl, Aldo Antognini, and François Biraben

Subjects
Femtometer, Multidisciplinary, Muon, Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Chemistry, Radius, 01 natural sciences, Muonic Hydrogen, Nuclear physics, Proton Structure, Charge radius, 0103 physical sciences, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Order of magnitude, Exotic atom
Abstract

Proton Still Too Small Despite a proton's tiny size, it is possible to measure its radius based on its charge or magnetization distributions. Traditional measurements of proton radius were based on the scattering between protons and electrons. Recently, a precision measurement of a line in the spectrum of muonium—an atom consisting of a proton and a muon, instead of an electron—revealed a radius inconsistent with that deduced from scattering studies. Antognini et al. (p. 417 ; see the Perspective by Margolis ) examined a different spectral line of muonium, with results less dependent on theoretical analyses, yet still inconsistent with the scattering result; in fact, the discrepancy increased.

Published
2013

23. Physics reach of the XENON1T dark matter experiment

Author

M. von Sivers, Hui Wang, M. Weber, C. Grignon, S. Macmullin, P. Barrow, L. Bütikofer, T. Berger, Auke-Pieter Colijn, D. Mayani, S. Rosendahl, M. Messina, Florian Kaether, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, Jean-Pierre Cussonneau, M. P. Decowski, Manfred Lindner, A. Manfredini, M. Cervantes, E. K. U. Gross, C. Hasterok, D. Lellouch, A. Tiseni, C. Geis, A. Rizzo, P. A. Breur, H. Landsman, A. Lyashenko, P. Di Gangi, E. Duchovni, Laura Baudis, Luke Goetzke, Bart Pelssers, Giacomo Bruno, P. de Perio, H. Contreras, N. Priel, João Cardoso, S. E. A. Orrigo, W. Hampel, P. Shagin, J. A. M. Lopes, A. Kish, Julien Masbou, L. Levinson, C. Tunnell, C. Balan, F. D. Amaro, Michelle Galloway, L. Scotto Lavina, April S. Brown, R. Itay, D. Franco, F. Arneodo, F. Piastra, M. Le Calloch, Guillaume Plante, N. Rupp, S. Fattori, J. Pienaar, Z. Greene, Jochen Schreiner, B. Miguez, S. Bruenner, J. Wulf, S. Schindler, Lior Arazi, K. Micheneau, G. C. Trinchero, Boris Bauermeister, C. Levy, Jelle Aalbers, G. Kessler, Hardy Simgen, A. D. Ferella, M. Anthony, S. Reichard, L. Rauch, Ch. Weinheimer, A. J. Melgarejo Fernandez, D. Thers, R. F. Lang, M. Alfonsi, Jan Conrad, J. Naganoma, C. Reuter, M. Selvi, A. Fieguth, D. Coderre, R. Wall, Y. Meng, M. Murra, A. Molinario, M. Scheibelhut, J.M.F. dos Santos, F. Agostini, B. Kaminsky, D. Cichon, Sebastian Lindemann, Elena Aprile, Ethan Brown, F. V. Massoli, W. Fulgione, Yuehuan Wei, M. Garbini, A. Stein, Amos Breskin, Yanxi Zhang, Uwe Oberlack, A. Di Giovanni, Marc Schumann, P. Pakarha, Ran Budnik, Gabriella Sartorelli, R. Persiani, GRAPPA (ITFA, IoP, FNWI), Faculty of Science, Other Research IHEF (IoP, FNWI), Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, IoP (FNWI), IHEF (IoP, FNWI), Aprile, E., Aalbers, J., Agostini, F., Alfonsi, M., Amaro, F.D., Anthony, M., Arazi, L., Arneodo, F., Balan, C., Barrow, P., Baudis, L., Bauermeister, B., Berger, T., Breur, P., Breskin, A., Brown, A., Brown, E., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Bütikofer, L., Cardoso, J.M.R., Cervantes, M., Cichon, D., Coderre, D., Colijn, A.P., Conrad, J., Contreras, H., Cussonneau, J.P., Decowski, M.P., De Perio, P., Gangi, P. Di, Giovanni, A. Di, Duchovni, E., Fattori, S., Ferella, A.D., Fieguth, A., Franco, D., Fulgione, W., Galloway, M., Garbini, M., Geis, C., Goetzke, L.W., Greene, Z., Grignon, C., Gross, E., Hampel, W., Hasterok, C., Itay, R., Kaether, F., Kaminsky, B., Kessler, G., Kish, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R.F., Lellouch, D., Levinson, L., Calloch, M. Le, Levy, C., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Lopes, J.A.M., Lyashenko, A., Macmullin, S., Manfredini, A., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Masbou, J., Massoli, F.V., Mayani, D., Fernandez, A.J. Melgarejo, Meng, Y., Messina, M., Micheneau, K., Miguez, B., Molinario, A., Murra, M., Naganoma, J., Oberlack, U., Orrigo, S.E.A., Pakarha, P., Pelssers, B., Persiani, R., Piastra, F., Pienaar, J., Plante, G., Priel, N., Rauch, L., Reichard, S., Reuter, C., Rizzo, A., Rosendahl, S., Rupp, N., Santos, J.M.F. Do, Sartorelli, G., Scheibelhut, M., Schindler, S., Schreiner, J., Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M, Shagin, P., Simgen, H., Stein, A., Thers, D., Tiseni, A., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Sivers, M. Von, Wall, R., Wang, H., Weber, M., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Wulf, J., and Zhang, Y.

Subjects
dark matter simulations, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, dark matter experiment, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Cosmic ray, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, dark matter simulation, Nuclear physics, Recoil, Xenon, Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Physics, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, dark matter experiments, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), chemistry, Neutrino, Nucleon, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The XENON1T experiment is currently in the commissioning phase at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy. In this article we study the experiment's expected sensitivity to the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon interaction cross section, based on Monte Carlo predictions of the electronic and nuclear recoil backgrounds. The total electronic recoil background in $1$ tonne fiducial volume and ($1$, $12$) keV electronic recoil equivalent energy region, before applying any selection to discriminate between electronic and nuclear recoils, is $(1.80 \pm 0.15) \cdot 10^{-4}$ ($\rm{kg} \cdot day \cdot keV)^{-1}$, mainly due to the decay of $^{222}\rm{Rn}$ daughters inside the xenon target. The nuclear recoil background in the corresponding nuclear recoil equivalent energy region ($4$, $50$) keV, is composed of $(0.6 \pm 0.1)$ ($\rm{t} \cdot y)^{-1}$ from radiogenic neutrons, $(1.8 \pm 0.3) \cdot 10^{-2}$ ($\rm{t} \cdot y)^{-1}$ from coherent scattering of neutrinos, and less than $0.01$ ($\rm{t} \cdot y)^{-1}$ from muon-induced neutrons. The sensitivity of XENON1T is calculated with the Profile Likelihood Ratio method, after converting the deposited energy of electronic and nuclear recoils into the scintillation and ionization signals seen in the detector. We take into account the systematic uncertainties on the photon and electron emission model, and on the estimation of the backgrounds, treated as nuisance parameters. The main contribution comes from the relative scintillation efficiency $\mathcal{L}_\mathrm{eff}$, which affects both the signal from WIMPs and the nuclear recoil backgrounds. After a $2$ y measurement in $1$ t fiducial volume, the sensitivity reaches a minimum cross section of $1.6 \cdot 10^{-47}$ cm$^2$ at m$_\chi$=$50$ GeV/$c^2$., Comment: 36 pages, 18 figures, published by JCAP

Published
2016
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24. Pionic hydrogen and deuterium

Author

A. Gruber, F. D. Amaro, Albert Hirtl, Paul Alois Buhler, J.M.F. dos Santos, Johann Marton, L. M. Simons, P. Schmid, Paul Indelicato, Johann Zmeskal, S. Schlesser, D. S. Covita, Dimitrios F. Anagnostopoulos, M. Hennebach, T. Ishiwatari, H. Gorke, Martino Trassinelli, E.-O. Le Bigot, H. Fuhrmann, M. Nekipelov, J.F.C.A. Veloso, Th. Strauch, Detlev Gotta, Institut für Kernphysik (Institut für Kernphysik), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Departamento de Física, University of Coimbra [Portugal] (UC), Department of Material Science and Engineering (DMSE), University of Ioannina, Institut für Kernphysik (IKP), Departamento de Fisica [Aveiro], Universidade de Aveiro, Institut für Mittelenergiephysik (IMEP), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Jussieu)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Institut des Nanosciences de Paris (INSP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Spectrometer, Hydrogen, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Stable isotope ratio, Strong interaction, chemistry.chemical_element, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Deuterium, chemistry, Electric field, 0103 physical sciences, Coulomb, Physics::Atomic Physics, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Exotic atom
Abstract

The ground-state level shifts and broadenings of the hydrogen isotopes caused by the strong interaction have been redetermined by using a high-resolution crystal spectrometer. An additional measurement of muonic hydrogen reveals properties of the de-excitation cascade of such electrically neutral exotic atoms, in particular Coulomb de-excitation, the understanding of which is essential for the analysis of the hadronic-atom data.

Published
2011

25. The size of the proton From the Lamb-shift in muonic hydrogen

Author

L.M.P. Fernandes, Lucile Julien, Paul Indelicato, François Nez, Randolf Pohl, Karsten Schuhmann, F. Biraben, J. A. M. Lopes, C.M.B. Monteiro, Andreas Dax, D. S. Covita, Catherine Schwob, Yi-Wei Liu, Lukas A. Schaller, Franz Kottmann, Paul E. Knowles, João Cardoso, Cheng-Yang Kao, F. D. Amaro, Thomas Graf, Livia Ludhova, E.-O. Le Bigot, J.F.C.A. Veloso, Satish Dhawan, Aldo Antognini, Tobias Nebel, J.M.F. dos Santos, David Taqqu, Paul Rabinowitz, Adolf Giesen, Françoise Mulhauser, and Theodor W. Hänsch

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Muon, Proton, Chemistry, Muonic hydrogen, Hydrogen atom, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Lamb shift, 03 medical and health sciences, Rydberg constant, 030104 developmental biology, Deuterium, Charge radius, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Atomic Physics, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Laser spectroscopy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Proton charge radius, Bohr radius
Abstract

The root-mean-square (rms) charge radius r p of the proton has so far been known only with a surprisingly low precision of about 1% from both electron scattering and precision spectroscopy of hydrogen. We have recently determined r p by means of laser spectroscopy of the Lamb shift in the exotic “muonic hydrogen” atom. Here, the muon, which is the 200 times heavier cousin of the electron, orbits the proton with a 200 times smaller Bohr radius. This enhances the sensitivity to the proton’s finite size tremendously. Our new value r p = 0.84184 (67) fm is ten times more precise than the generally accepted CODATA-value, but it differs by 5 standard deviations from it. A lively discussion about possible solutions to the “proton size puzzle” has started. Our measurement, together with precise measurements of the 1S–2S transition in regular hydrogen and deuterium, also yields improved values of the Rydberg constant, R ∞ = 10,973,731.568160 (16) m − 1.

Published
2011

26. Muonic hydrogen spectroscopy: the proton radius puzzle

Author

Randolf Pohl, Adolf Giesen, Lukas A. Schaller, Lucile Julien, João Cardoso, Tobias Nebel, Cheng-Yang Kao, Joaquim M. F. dos Santos, Paul E. Knowles, Françoise Mulhauser, Paul Indelicato, L.M.P. Fernandes, Paul Rabinowitz, Livia Ludhova, J. A. M. Lopes, F. D. Amaro, C.M.B. Monteiro, Andreas Dax, D. S. Covita, David Taqqu, François Nez, Theodor W. Hänsch, François Biraben, Yi-Wei Liu, Eric-Olivier Le Bigot, Aldo Antognini, Franz Kottmann, Thomas Graf, Karsten Schuhmann, Catherine Schwob, J.F.C.A. Veloso, Satish Dhawan, Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Jussieu)), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departamento de Física [Coimbra] (DFC), Universidade de Coimbra [Coimbra], Departamento de Fisica [Aveiro], Universidade de Aveiro, Physics Department, Yale University [New Haven], Technol Gesell Strahlwerkzeuge, Universität Stuttgart [Stuttgart], Institut für Strahwerkzeuge (IFSW), National Tsing Hua University [Hsinchu] (NTHU), departement de physique, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Institut f¨ur Particle Physics, Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Stuttgart University

Subjects
Physics, Muon, Proton, Hydrogen, chemistry, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph], Scattering, chemistry.chemical_element, Radius, Atomic physics, Spectroscopy, Standard deviation, Exotic atom
Abstract

International audience; By means of pulsed laser spectroscopy applied to muonic hydrogen (mu(-)p) we have measured the 2S(1/2)(F=1) - 2P(3/2)(F=2) transition frequency to be 49881.88(76) GHz.(1) By comparing this measurement with its theoretical prediction (2-7) based on bound-state QED we have determined a proton radius value of r(p) = 0.84184(67) fm. This new value differs by 5.0 standard deviations from the CODATA value of 0.8768(69) fm,(8) and 3 standard deviation from the e-p scattering results of 0.897(18) fm.(9) The observed discrepancy may arise from a computational mistake of the energy levels in mu p or H, or a fundamental problem in bound-state QED, an unknown effect related to the proton or the muon, or an experimental error.

Published
2010

27. The 2S Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen and the proton rms charge radius

Author

F. Mulhauser, Paul Rabinowitz, J.A.M. Lopes, C.M.B. Monteiro, Randolf Pohl, João Cardoso, F. Kottmann, Catherine Schwob, Andreas Dax, Adolf Giesen, F. D. Amaro, Theodor W. Hänsch, L.M.P. Fernandes, François Biraben, D. Taqqu, U. Brauch, F. Nez, Yi-Wei Liu, Paul Indelicato, Aldo Antognini, Paul E. Knowles, C.A.N. Conde, Lukas A. Schaller, L. Julien, J.F.C.A. Veloso, Satish Dhawan, J.M.F. dos Santos, Livia Ludhova, and C. Stolzenburg

Subjects
Physics, Muon, Proton, Hydrogen, Far-infrared laser, chemistry.chemical_element, Laser, law.invention, Lamb shift, chemistry, Charge radius, law, Physics::Atomic Physics, Atomic physics, Spectroscopy
Abstract

The determination of the proton rms charge radius with an accuracy of 10−3 is the main goal of our experiment, opening the way to check bound‐state QED predictions in hydrogen to a level of 10−7. The principle is to measure the 2S1/2(F = 1) − 2P3/2(F = 2) energy difference in muonic hydrogen (μ−p) by infrared laser spectroscopy to a precision of 30 ppm. Very low‐energy negative muons are stopped in 0.6 mbar of hydrogen gas, where, following the μ− atomic capture and cascade, 1% of the muonic hydrogen atoms form the metastable 2S state with a lifetime of 1.3 μs. A 6 μm laser pulse is used to drive the 2S → 2P transition. When on resonance, the laser induces the transition, and the subsequent muonic deexcitation to the 1S state emits a 1.9 keV x ray which is detected by avalanche photodiodes. The resonance frequency, and hence the Lamb shift and the proton charge radius, is determined by measuring the rate of laser‐induced x rays as a function of the laser wavelength. Some details of the experiment, recent measurements and improvements will be presented.

Published
2005

28. Application of the microhole and strip plate detector for neutron detection

Author

R. Stephenson, J.M.F. dos Santos, J.F.C.A. Veloso, J.A. Mir, Gareth E. Derbyshire, Nigel J. Rhodes, F. D. Amaro, and Erik Schooneveld

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Argon, Materials science, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Helium ionization detector, Detector, Plate detector, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Xenon, Optics, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron detection, Gas detector, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Helium
Abstract

We introduce the microhole and strip plate (MHSP) detector as a micropattern detector for the detection of thermal and epithermal neutrons. Detection sensitivity is obtained by filling these detectors with /sup 3/He at high pressures. We propose the use of argon-xenon penning mixtures as the stopping gas as opposed to the usual carbon based stopping gases. These argon-xenon mixtures provide suitable gas gains for the high pressure/high resolution neutron detector applications. With these mixtures it is possible to obtain a sealed detector with only rare-gas filling which is simple to purify and not subject to ageing. An MHSP gas detector filled with a 3-bar argon/50-mbar xenon/6-bar helium mixture can achieve gains above 2/spl times/10/sup 3/. This mixture allows neutron detection efficiencies of about 70% at 1 /spl Aring/ for a 2.5-cm thick absorption region and intrinsic position resolution (full-width at half-maximum) of about 1.8 mm. The sensitivity to /spl gamma/-rays of the present mixture will be the same when compared to that of 2.6-bar CF/sub 4/.

Published
2004

29. Micro-hole & strip plate detector for neutron detection

Author

F. D. Amaro, Gareth E. Derbyshire, J.M.F. dos Santos, J.F.C.A. Veloso, J.A. Mir, E.M. Schooneveld, N.J. Rhodes, and R. Stenphenson

Subjects
Physics, Argon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Helium ionization detector, Detector, Plate detector, chemistry.chemical_element, Xenon, chemistry, Neutron detection, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Gas detector, Atomic physics, Helium
Abstract

We propose the use of argon-xenon penning-mixtures as the stopping gas, in substitution of carbon-based gases, in /sup 3/He neutron detectors. Such stopping gas presents a solution for the use of GEMS or MHSPs electron multipliers with suitable gains for neutron detection. With these mixtures it is possible to obtain a sealed detector with only rare-gas filling which is simple to purify and not subject to ageing. A MHSP gas detector filled with a 3-bar argon/50-mbar xenon/6-bar helium mixture can achieve gains above 2 /spl times/ 10/sup 3/. This mixture allows neutron detection efficiencies of about 70% for a 2.5-cm thick absorption region and intrinsic position resolution (FWHM) of about 1.7-mm. Increasing the argon partial pressure to 6-bar, it is possible to reduce the detector intrinsic position resolution to 1-mm. The sensitivity to /spl gamma/-rays will be the same when compared to that of 2.6-bar CF/sub 4/.

Published
2003

30. Characterization of large area avalanche photodiodes in X-ray and VUV-light detection

Author

David Taqqu, Aldo Antognini, J. A. M. Lopes, C.A.N. Conde, Franz Kottmann, J.F.C.A. Veloso, Livia Ludhova, Françoise Mulhauser, Randolf Pohl, João Cardoso, O. Huot, L.M.P. Fernandes, J.M.F. dos Santos, C.M.B. Monteiro, F. D. Amaro, L. A. Schaller, and Paul E. Knowles

Subjects
Range (particle radiation), Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Materials science, Argon, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), business.industry, X-ray, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Avalanche photodiode, Noise figure, Physics - Atomic Physics, Xenon, Optics, chemistry, business, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Visible spectrum, Dark current
Abstract

The present manuscript summarizes novel studies on the application of large area avalanche photodiodes (LAAPDs) to the detection of X-rays and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light. The operational characteristics of four different LAAPDs manufactured by Advanced Photonix Inc., with active areas of 80 and 200 mm^2 were investigated for X-ray detection at room temperature. The best energy resolution was found to be in the 10-18% range for 5.9 keV X-rays. The LAAPD, being compact, simple to operate and with high counting rate capability (up to about 10^5/s), proved to be useful in several applications, such as low-energy X-ray detection, where they can reach better performance than proportional counters. Since X-rays are used as reference in light measurements, the gain non-linearity between 5.9 keV X-rays and light pulses was investigated. The gain ratio between X-rays and VUV light decreases with gain, reaching 10 and 6% variations for VUV light produced in argon (~128 nm) and xenon (~172 nm), respectively, for a gain 200, while for visible light (~635 nm) the variation is lower than 1%. The effect of temperature on the LAAPD performance was investigated. Relative gain variations of about -5% per Celsius degree were observed for the highest gains. The excess noise factor was found to be independent on temperature, being between 1.8 and 2.3 for gains from 50 to 300. The energy resolution is better for decreasing temperatures due mainly to the dark current. LAAPDs were tested under intense magnetic fields up to 5 T, being insensitive when used in X-ray and visible-light detection, while for VUV light a significant amplitude reduction was observed at 5 T., 25 pages, 40 figures, submitted to JINST

Published
2007

31. Characterization of the Hamamatsu S8664 Avalanche Photodiode for X-Ray and VUV-light detection

Author

J. Rico, Federico Sanchez, E.D.C. Freitas, G. Jover-Manas, Thorsten Lux, F. D. Amaro, C.M.B. Monteiro, C. Martín, and O. Ballester

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Photon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics::Medical Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Electromagnetic radiation, Optics, Xenon, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Physics, Scintillation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, X-ray, Biasing, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Avalanche photodiode, chemistry, Optoelectronics, Quantum efficiency, business
Abstract

We present the first operation of the Avalanche Photodiode (APD) from Hamamatsu to xenon scintillation light and to direct X-rays of 22.1 keV and 5.9 keV. A large non-linear response was observed for the direct X-ray detection. At 415 V APD bias voltage it was of about 30 % for 22.1 keV and about 45 % for 5.9 keV. The quantum efficiency for 172 nm photons has been measured to be 69 +/- 15 %., Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Elsevier

32. High-Pressure Xenon GPSC/MSGC hybrid detector

Author

J.M.F. dos Santos, J.F.C.A. Veloso, C.A.N. Conde, D. S. Covita, and F. D. Amaro

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Scintillation, Photomultiplier, Range (particle radiation), business.industry, Detector, Photodetector, chemistry.chemical_element, Microstrip, Optics, Xenon, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, Scintillation counter, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business
Abstract

Gas proportional scintillation counter/microstrip gas chamber (GPSC/MSGC) hybrid detectors are based on a xenon-GPSC instrumented with a CsI-coated microstrip plate photosensor placed directly within the xenon envelope as a substitute for the photomultiplier tube. This design avoids the constraints due to the use of a quartz scintillation window for GPSC-photosensor coupling, which absorbs a significant amount of scintillation and is a drawback for applications where large detection areas and high filling pressures are needed. In this paper, we investigate the performance of a high-pressure GPSC/MSGC hybrid detector operating at 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 2.85 atm. Detector energy resolution, light gain, and photosensor gain are studied as a function of the gas pressure from 1 to 2.85 atm and for different X-ray energies in the range of 6 to 88 keV. Energy resolutions of 11%, 5.5%, 3.4%, and 3% where obtained for 5.9 keV, 22 keV, 60keV, and 88 keV. No degradation of the detector performance was observed with increasing pressure, from 1 atm up to 2.85 atm.

33. XENON1T Dark Matter Data Analysis: Signal Reconstruction, Calibration and Event Selection

Author

M. Selvi, Yuehuan Wei, Julien Masbou, H. Simgen, J. Howlett, G. Eurin, A. Kopec, F. Arneodo, Qing Lin, H. Qiu, M. Vargas, M. L. Benabderrahmane, Ethan Brown, C. Macolino, N. Rupp, J. Mahlstedt, O. Wack, P. de Perio, H. Landsman, Zirui Wang, W. Fulgione, T. Berger, A. Manfredini, Marc Schumann, F. Piastra, A. Rizzo, P. Di Gangi, J. Ye, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, S. Mastroianni, J. P. Zopounidis, K. Morå, L. Levinson, Jean-Pierre Cussonneau, Kaixuan Ni, N. Šarčević, P. A. Breur, Auke-Pieter Colijn, Bart Pelssers, F. Lombardi, Fabrizio Marignetti, J. Fei, Yanxi Zhang, C. Therreau, A. Elykov, Gian Carlo Trinchero, L. Bellagamba, L. Scotto Lavina, V. Pizzella, A. Gallo Rosso, Shingo Kazama, A. Di Giovanni, D. Ramírez García, J. A. M. Lopes, C. Tunnell, A. Kish, D. Masson, A. D. Ferella, Hongwei Wang, Gabriella Sartorelli, F. Toschi, C. Wittweg, Jan Conrad, J. Pienaar, B. Riedel, S. Bruenner, J. Wulf, A. Fieguth, D. Coderre, M. Alfonsi, K. Micheneau, Manuel Gameiro da Silva, João Cardoso, A. Molinario, F. Gao, K. Odgers, S. Schindler, M. Scheibelhut, D. Schulte, Jelle Aalbers, J. Naganoma, Y. Mosbacher, Ch. Weinheimer, M. Messina, F. Joerg, A. Rocchetti, Uwe Oberlack, D. Wenz, R. Peres, Michelle Galloway, E. Hogenbirk, V. C. Antochi, P. Shagin, S. Reichard, J. Schreiner, M. P. Decowski, E. Shockley, Ran Budnik, Manfred Lindner, Kate C. Miller, R. F. Lang, R. Podviianiuk, Dominique Thers, M. Garbini, M. Murra, C. Capelli, T. Zhu, F. D. Amaro, Guillaume Plante, Boris Bauermeister, April S. Brown, R. Itay, D. Cichon, Elena Aprile, L. Grandi, G. Koltman, J.M.F. dos Santos, F. Agostini, Sebastian Lindemann, E. López Fune, Laura Baudis, Z. Greene, Sara Diglio, C. Hasterok, Giacomo Bruno, M. Iacovacci, N. Upole, L. Althueser, Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), XENON, Aprile E., Aalbers J., Agostini F., Alfonsi M., Althueser L., Amaro F.D., Antochi V.C., Arneodo F., Baudis L., Bauermeister B., Bellagamba L., Benabderrahmane M.L., Berger T., Breur P.A., Brown A., Brown E., Bruenner S., Bruno G., Budnik R., Capelli C., Cardoso J.M.R., Cichon D., Coderre D., Colijn A.P., Conrad J., Cussonneau J.P., Decowski M.P., De Perio P., Di Gangi P., Di Giovanni A., Diglio S., Elykov A., Eurin G., Fei J., Ferella A.D., Fieguth A., Fulgione W., Gallo Rosso A., Galloway M., Gao F., Garbini M., Grandi L., Greene Z., Hasterok C., Hogenbirk E., Howlett J., Iacovacci M., Itay R., Joerg F., Kazama S., Kish A., Koltman G., Kopec A., Landsman H., Lang R.F., Levinson L., Lin Q., Lindemann S., Lindner M., Lombardi F., Lopes J.A.M., Lopez Fune E., Macolino C., Mahlstedt J., Manfredini A., Marignetti F., Marrodan Undagoitia T., Masbou J., Masson D., Mastroianni S., Messina M., Micheneau K., Miller K., Molinario A., Mora K., Mosbacher Y., Murra M., Naganoma J., Ni K., Oberlack U., Odgers K., Pelssers B., Peres R., Piastra F., Pienaar J., Pizzella V., Plante G., Podviianiuk R., Qiu H., Ramirez Garcia D., Reichard S., Riedel B., Rizzo A., Rocchetti A., Rupp N., Dos Santos J.M.F., Sartorelli G., Sarcevic N., Scheibelhut M., Schindler S., Schreiner J., Schulte D., Schumann M., Scotto Lavina L., Selvi M., Shagin P., Shockley E., Silva M., Simgen H., Therreau C., Thers D., Toschi F., Trinchero G., Tunnell C., Upole N., Vargas M., Wack O., Wang H., Wang Z., Wei Y., Weinheimer C., Wenz D., Wittweg C., Wulf J., Ye J., Zhang Y., Zhu T., Zopounidis J.P., Aprile, E., Aalbers, J., Agostini, F., Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Amaro, F. D., Antochi, V. C., Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Bauermeister, B., Bellagamba, L., Benabderrahmane, M. L., Berger, T., Breur, P. A., Brown, A., Brown, E., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Coderre, D., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cussonneau, J. P., Decowski, M. P., De Perio, P., Di Gangi, P., Di Giovanni, A., Diglio, S., Elykov, A., Eurin, G., Fei, J., Ferella, A. D., Fieguth, A., Fulgione, W., Gallo Rosso, A., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Garbini, M., Grandi, L., Greene, Z., Hasterok, C., Hogenbirk, E., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itay, R., Joerg, F., Kazama, S., Kish, A., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Lin, Q., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Lombardi, F., Lopes, J. A. M., Lopez Fune, E., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Marrodan Undagoitia, T., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Micheneau, K., Miller, K., Molinario, A., Mora, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Naganoma, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Odgers, K., Pelssers, B., Peres, R., Piastra, F., Pienaar, J., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Podviianiuk, R., Qiu, H., Ramirez Garcia, D., Reichard, S., Riedel, B., Rizzo, A., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Dos Santos, J. M. F., Sartorelli, G., Sarcevic, N., Scheibelhut, M., Schindler, S., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schumann, M., Scotto Lavina, L., Selvi, M., Shagin, P., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Therreau, C., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Upole, N., Vargas, M., Wack, O., Wang, H., Wang, Z., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wulf, J., Ye, J., Zhang, Y., Zhu, T., Zopounidis, J. P., Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), and XENON (IHEF, IoP, FNWI)

Subjects
xenon: target, WIMP nucleon: interaction, data analysis method, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, interaction: model, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Dark matter, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, dark matter: direct detection, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), XENON, Xenon, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Dark Matter, Particle Physics Experiments, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Dark Matter Direct Search Signal reconstruction calibratiuon, Physics, xenon: liquid, Time projection chamber, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, Signal reconstruction, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), calibration, time projection chamber, Event selection, chemistry, High Energy Physics::Experiment, performance
Abstract

The XENON1T experiment at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso is the most sensitive direct detection experiment for dark matter in the form of weakly interacting particles (WIMPs) with masses above $6\,$GeV/$c^2$ scattering off nuclei. The detector employs a dual-phase time projection chamber with 2.0 metric tons of liquid xenon in the target. A one metric $\mathrm{ton}\times\mathrm{year}$ exposure of science data was collected between October 2016 and February 2018. This article reports on the performance of the detector during this period and describes details of the data analysis that led to the most stringent exclusion limits on various WIMP-nucleon interaction models to date. In particular, signal reconstruction, event selection and calibration of the detector response to nuclear and electronic recoils in XENON1T are discussed.

34. Observation of two-neutrino double electron capture in 124Xe with XENON1T

Author

Aprile, E., Aalbers, J., Agostini, F., Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Amaro, F. D., Anthony, M., Antochi, V. C., Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Bauermeister, B., Benabderrahmane, M. L., Berger, T., Breur, P. A., Brown, A., Brown, E., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Coderre, D., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cussonneau, J. P., Decowski, M. P., de Perio, P., di Gangi, P., di Giovanni, A., Diglio, S., Elykov, A., Eurin, G., Fei, J., Ferella, A. D., Fieguth, A., FULGIONE, VALTER, Gallo Rosso, A., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Garbini, M., Grandi, L., Greene, Z., Hasterok, C., Hogenbirk, E., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itay, R., Joerg, F., Kaminsky, B., Kazama, S., Kish, A., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Lin, Q., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Lombardi, F., Lopes, J. A. M., López Fune, E., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Marrodán Undagoitia, T., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Micheneau, K., Miller, K., Molinario, A., Morå, K., Murra, M., Naganoma, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Odgers, K., Pelssers, B., Peres, R., Piastra, F., Pienaar, J., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Podviianiuk, R., Priel, N., Qiu, H., Ramírez García, D., Reichard, S., Riedel, B., Rizzo, A., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Dos Santos, J. M. F., Sartorelli, G., Šarčević, N., Scheibelhut, M., Schindler, S., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schumann, M., Scotto Lavina, L., Selvi, M., Shagin, P., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Therreau, C., Thers, D., Toschi, F., TRINCHERO, GIAN CARLO, Tunnell, C., Upole, N., Vargas, M., Wack, O., Wang, H., Wang, Z., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wulf, J., Ye, J., Zhang, Y., Zhu, T., Zopounidis, J. P., XENON (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), Aprile, E., Aalbers, J., Agostini, F., Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Amaro, F. D., Anthony, M., Antochi, V. C., Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Bauermeister2, B., Benabderrahmane, M. L., Berger, T., Breur, P. A., Brown, A., Brown, E., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Coderre, D., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cussonneau, J. P., Decowski, M. P., de Perio, P., Di Gangi, P., Di Giovanni, A., Diglio, S., Elykov, A., Eurin, G., Fei, J., Ferella, A. D., Fieguth, A., Fulgione, W., Gallo Rosso, A., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Garbini, M., Grandi, L., Greene, Z., Hasterok, C., Hogenbirk, E., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itay, R., Joerg, F., Kaminsky, B., Kazama, S., Kish, A., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Lin, Q., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Lombardi, F., Lopes, J. A. M., López Fune, E., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Marrodán Undagoitia, T., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Micheneau, K., Miller, K., Molinario, A., Morå, K., Murra, M., Naganoma, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Odgers, K., Pelssers, B., Peres, R., Piastra, F., Pienaar, J., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Podviianiuk, R., Priel, N., Qiu, H., Ramírez García, D., Reichard, S., Riedel, B., Rizzo, A., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., dos Santos, J. M. F., Sartorelli, G., Šarčević, N., Scheibelhut, M., Schindler, S., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schumann, M., Scotto Lavina, L., Selvi, M., Shagin, P., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Therreau, C., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Upole, N., Vargas, M., Wack, O., Wang, H., Wang, Z., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wulf, J., Ye, J., Zhang, Y., Zhu &amp, T., Zopounidis, J. P., E. Aprile, J. Aalbers, F. Agostini, M. Alfonsi, L. Althueser, F. D. Amaro, M. Anthony, V. C. Antochi, F. Arneodo, L. Baudis, B. Bauermeister, M. L. Benabderrahmane, T. Berger, P. A. Breur, A. Brown, A. Brown, E. Brown, S. Bruenner, G. Bruno, R. Budnik, C. Capelli, J. M. R. Cardoso, D. Cichon, D. Coderre, A. P. Colijn, J. Conrad, J. P. Cussonneau, M. P. Decowski, P. de Perio, P. Di Gangi, A. Di Giovanni, S. Diglio, A. Elykov, G. Eurin, J. Fei, A. D. Ferella, A. Fieguth, W. Fulgione, A. Gallo Rosso, M. Galloway, F. Gao, M. Garbini, L. Grandi, Z. Greene, C. Hasterok, E. Hogenbirk, J. Howlett, M. Iacovacci, R. Itay, F. Joerg, B. Kaminsky, S. Kazama, A. Kish, G. Koltman, A. Kopec, H. Landsman, R. F. Lang, L. Levinson, Q. Lin, S. Lindemann, M. Lindner, F. Lombardi, J. A. M. Lopes, E. López Fune, C. Macolino, J. Mahlstedt, A. Manfredini, F. Marignetti, T. Marrodán Undagoitia, J. Masbou, D. Masson, S. Mastroianni, M. Messina, K. Micheneau, K. Miller, A. Molinario, K. Morå, M. Murra, J. Naganoma, K. Ni, U. Oberlack, K. Odgers, B. Pelssers, R. Peres, F. Piastra, J. Pienaar, V. Pizzella, G. Plante, R. Podviianiuk, N. Priel, H. Qiu, D. Ramírez García, S. Reichard, B. Riedel, A. Rizzo, A. Rocchetti, N. Rupp, J. M. F. dos Santos, G. Sartorelli, N. Šarčević, M. Scheibelhut, S. Schindler, J. Schreiner, D. Schulte, M. Schumann, L. Scotto Lavina, M. Selvi, P. Shagin, E. Shockley, M. Silva, H. Simgen, C. Therreau, D. Thers, F. Toschi, G. Trinchero, C. Tunnell, N. Upole, M. Vargas, O. Wack, H. Wang, Z. Wang, Y. Wei, C. Weinheimer, D. Wenz, C. Wittweg, J. Wulf, J. Ye, Y. Zhang, T. Zhu & J. P. Zopounidis, Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), XENON, Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique)

Subjects
electron, Particle physics, Xenon, half-life, Age of the universe, Electron capture, Dark matter, background: model, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, electron: capture, n: thermal, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, weak process, background: low, Neutrino, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, S076H2N, Physics, xenon: liquid, Multidisciplinary, Isotope, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, iodine, neutrino: Majorana: mass, higher-order: 2, Nuclear structure, double-beta decay, dark matter: detector, energy: calibration, Neutrino, Xenon, half-life, electron, double electron capture, weak process, double electron capture, Orders of magnitude (time), chemistry, Dark Matter detector Electron Capture Low Background Double Beta Decay, xenon: nuclide, target: mass, numerical calculations: Monte Carlo, energy spectrum: measured, statistical, acceptance
Abstract

International audience; Two-neutrino double electron capture (2νECEC) is a second-order weak-interaction process with a predicted half-life that surpasses the age of the Universe by many orders of magnitude1. Until now, indications of 2νECEC decays have only been seen for two isotopes2,3,4,5, 78Kr and 130Ba, and instruments with very low background levels are needed to detect them directly with high statistical significance6,7. The 2νECEC half-life is an important observable for nuclear structure models8,9,10,11,12,13,14 and its measurement represents a meaningful step in the search for neutrinoless double electron capture—the detection of which would establish the Majorana nature of the neutrino and would give access to the absolute neutrino mass15,16,17. Here we report the direct observation of 2νECEC in 124Xe with the XENON1T dark-matter detector. The significance of the signal is 4.4 standard deviations and the corresponding half-life of 1.8 × 1022 years (statistical uncertainty, 0.5 × 1022 years; systematic uncertainty, 0.1 × 1022 years) is the longest measured directly so far. This study demonstrates that the low background and large target mass of xenon-based dark-matter detectors make them well suited for measuring rare processes and highlights the broad physics reach of larger next-generation experiments18,19,20.

Published
2019

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