536 results on '"Ye Jin"'
Search Results
2. Metabolite Changes in Soybean (Glycine max) Leaves during the Entire Growth Period
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Young Jin Park, Jong Sung Lee, Soyoung Park, Ye Jin Kim, Vimalraj Mani, Kijong Lee, Soo Jin Kwon, Sang Un Park, and Jae Kwang Kim
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Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2023
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3. Evaluation of obesity prevention effect of black ginseng on serum, liver, and hypothalamus of mice on a high-fat diet using a metabolomics approach
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Ye Jin Kim, Dae Young Lee, Hye Rim Yang, Kyung-Hoan Im, Sang Un Park, Jae Geun Kim, and Jae Kwang Kim
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Obesity prevention ,Black ginseng ,Metabolic profile ,Hypothalamus ,Liver ,Serum ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Abstract Black ginseng is being studied to prevent obesity caused by a high-fat diet (HFD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the obesity-preventing effect of black ginseng extract (BGE) in the serum, liver, and hypothalamus of mice on an HFD using metabolomic techniques. Mice were divided into four groups which were respectively fed a normal diet (CTL), an HFD, an HFD with a low concentration of BGE (BGEL), and an HFD with a high concentration of BGE (BGEH) for 8 weeks. Metabolite profiling revealed a clear separation between the BGE diet and HFD groups. Lipid metabolism, including saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, was decreased in the BGEH mice. Specifically, neurotransmitters and intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle were increased in the hypothalamus of BGEH mice. The results suggest the obesity prevention effect of black ginseng in that BGEH inhibits body fat accumulation and restores brain function damaged by HFD.
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- 2023
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4. Development of a Normal Porcine Cell Line Growing in a Heme-Supplemented, Serum-Free Condition for Cultured Meat
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Yeon Ah Seo, Min Jeong Cha, Sehyeon Park, Seungki Lee, Ye Jin Lim, Dong Woo Son, Eun Ji Lee, Pil Kim, and Suhwan Chang
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porcine cell ,heme ,cultured meat ,serum free ,cytochrome P450 ,family 1 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
A key element for the cost-effective development of cultured meat is a cell line culturable in serum-free conditions to reduce production costs. Heme supplementation in cultured meat mimics the original meat flavor and color. This study introduced a bacterial extract generated from Corynebacterium that was selected for high-heme expression by directed evolution. A normal porcine cell line, PK15, was used to apply the bacterial heme extract as a supplement. Consistent with prior research, we observed the cytotoxicity of PK15 to the heme extract at 10 mM or higher. However, after long-term exposure, PK15 adapted to tolerate up to 40 mM of heme. An RNA-seq analysis of these heme-adapted PK15 cells (PK15H) revealed a set of altered genes, mainly involved in cell proliferation, metabolism, and inflammation. We found that cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 (CYP1A1), lactoperoxidase (LPO), and glutathione peroxidase 5 (GPX5) were upregulated in the PK15H heme dose dependently. When we reduced serum serially from 2% to serum free, we derived the PK15H subpopulation that was transiently maintained with 5–10 mM heme extract. Altogether, our study reports a porcine cell culturable in high-heme media that can be maintained in serum-free conditions and proposes a marker gene that plays a critical role in this adaptation process.
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- 2024
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5. Effects of ultrasound on the structural and functional properties of sheep bone collagen
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Guanhua Hu, Xiaotong Li, Rina Su, Mirco Corazzin, Xuemin Liu, Lu Dou, Lina Sun, Lihua Zhao, Lin Su, Jianjun Tian, and Ye Jin
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Sheep bone ,Collagen ,Ultrasound-assisted ,Functional properties ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 ,Acoustics. Sound ,QC221-246 - Abstract
The study evaluated the effect of an ultrasound-assisted treatment on the structural and functional properties of sheep bone collagen (SBC). The type and distribution of SBC were analyzed by proteome (shotgun) technology combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Compared with pepsin extraction, the ultrasound-assisted treatment significantly increased the collagen extraction rate by 17.4 pp (P
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- 2023
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6. Effects of Mitochondrial Transplantation on Transcriptomics in a Polymicrobial Sepsis Model
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Seongmin Kim, Ji Heon Noh, Min Ji Lee, Ye Jin Park, Bo Mi Kim, Yun-Seok Kim, Sangik Hwang, Chungoo Park, and Kyuseok Kim
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sepsis ,immunosuppression ,cytokines ,rats ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Previously, we demonstrated that mitochondrial transplantation has beneficial effects in a polymicrobial sepsis model. However, the mechanism has not been fully investigated. Mitochondria have their own genes, and genomic changes in sepsis are an important issue in terms of pathophysiology, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets. To investigate the changes in transcriptomic features after mitochondrial transplantation in a polymicrobial sepsis model, we used a rat model of fecal slurry polymicrobial sepsis. Total RNA from splenocytes of sham-operated (SHAM, n = 10), sepsis-induced (SEPSIS, n = 7), and sepsis receiving mitochondrial transplantation (SEPSIS + MT, n = 8) samples was extracted and we conducted a comparative transcriptome-wide analysis between three groups. We also confirmed these results with qPCR. In terms of percentage of mitochondrial mapped reads, the SEPSIS + MT group had a significantly higher mapping ratio than the others. RT1-M2 and Cbln2 were identified as highly expressed in SEPSIS + MT compared with SEPSIS. Using SHAM expression levels as another control variable, we further identified six genes (Fxyd4, Apex2l1, Kctd4, 7SK, SNORD94, and SNORA53) that were highly expressed after sepsis induction and observed that their expression levels were attenuated by mitochondrial transplantation. Changes in transcriptomic features were identified after mitochondrial transplantation in sepsis. This might provide a hint for exploring the mechanism of mitochondrial transplantation in sepsis.
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- 2023
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7. Self-Assembled Peptide Hydrogels in Regenerative Medicine
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Shuangyang Li, Qixuan Yu, Hongpeng Li, Meiqi Chen, Ye Jin, and Da Liu
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self-assembling peptide hydrogels ,skin regeneration ,bone regeneration ,nerve regeneration ,self-assembling peptide ,Science ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 ,Inorganic chemistry ,QD146-197 ,General. Including alchemy ,QD1-65 - Abstract
Regenerative medicine is a complex discipline that is becoming a hot research topic. Skin, bone, and nerve regeneration dominate current treatments in regenerative medicine. A new type of drug is urgently needed for their treatment due to their high vulnerability to damage and weak self-repairing ability. A self-assembled peptide hydrogel is a good scaffolding material in regenerative medicine because it is similar to the cytoplasmic matrix environment; it promotes cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, and division; and its degradation products are natural and harmless proteins. However, fewer studies have examined the specific mechanisms of self-assembled peptide hydrogels in promoting tissue regeneration. This review summarizes the applications and mechanisms of self-assembled short peptide and peptide hydrogels in skin, bone, and neural healing to improve their applications in tissue healing and regeneration.
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- 2023
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8. Soybean Calmodulin-Binding Transcription Activators, GmCAMTA2 and GmCAMTA8, Coordinate the Circadian Regulation of Developmental Processes and Drought Stress Responses
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Dongwon Baek, Hyun Min Cho, Ye Jin Cha, Byung Jun Jin, Su Hyeon Lee, Mi Suk Park, Hyun Jin Chun, and Min Chul Kim
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GmCAMTA ,circadian rhythm ,development ,drought stress ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The calmodulin-binding transcription activators (CAMTAs) mediate transcriptional regulation of development, growth, and responses to various environmental stresses in plants. To understand the biological roles of soybean CAMTA (GmCAMTA) family members in response to abiotic stresses, we characterized expression patterns of 15 GmCAMTA genes in response to various abiotic stresses. The GmCAMTA genes exhibited distinct circadian regulation expression patterns and were differently expressed in response to salt, drought, and cold stresses. Interestingly, the expression levels of GmCAMTA2, GmCAMTA8, and GmCAMTA12 were higher in stem tissue than in other soybean tissues. To determine the roles of GmCAMTAs in the regulation of developmental processes and stress responses, we isolated GmCAMTA2 and GmCAMTA8 cDNAs from soybean and generated Arabidopsis overexpressing transgenic plants. The GmCAMTA2-OX and GmCAMTA8-OX plants showed hypersensitivity to drought stress. The water in the leaves of GmCAMTA2-OX and GmCAMTA8-OX plants was lost faster than that in wild-type (WT) plants under drought-stress conditions. In addition, stress-responsive genes were down-regulated in the GmCAMTA2-OX and GmCAMTA8-OX plants under drought stress conditions compared to WT plants. Our results suggest that GmCAMTA2 and GmCAMTA8 genes are regulated by circadian rhythms and function as negative regulators in development and drought stress responses.
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- 2023
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9. Solvent-Free Solid-State Lithium Battery Based on LiFePO4 and MWCNT/PEO/PVDF-HFP for High-Temperature Applications
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Han Yu, Ye Jin, Guodong David Zhan, and Xinhua Liang
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Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2021
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10. Advances of hydrogel combined with stem cells in promoting chronic wound healing
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Qirong Li, Dongxu Wang, Ziping Jiang, Rong Li, Tianyi Xue, Chao Lin, Yongzhi Deng, Ye Jin, and Baozhen Sun
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hydrogel ,wound healing ,stem cell therapy ,diabetes ,burn ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Wounds can be divided into two categories, acute and chronic. Acute wounds heal through the normal wound healing process. However, chronic wounds take longer to heal, leading to inflammation, pain, serious complications, and an economic burden of treatment costs. In addition, diabetes and burns are common causes of chronic wounds that are difficult to treat. The rapid and thorough treatment of chronic wounds, including diabetes wounds and burns, represents a significant unmet medical need. Wound dressings play an essential role in chronic wound treatment. Various biomaterials for wound healing have been developed. Among these, hydrogels are widely used as wound care materials due to their good biocompatibility, moisturizing effect, adhesion, and ductility. Wound healing is a complex process influenced by multiple factors and regulatory mechanisms in which stem cells play an important role. With the deepening of stem cell and regenerative medicine research, chronic wound treatment using stem cells has become an important field in medical research. More importantly, the combination of stem cells and stem cell derivatives with hydrogel is an attractive research topic in hydrogel preparation that offers great potential in chronic wound treatment. This review will illustrate the development and application of advanced stem cell therapy-based hydrogels in chronic wound healing, especially in diabetic wounds and burns.
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- 2022
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11. The Effects of Mitochondrial Transplantation on Sepsis Depend on the Type of Cell from Which They Are Isolated
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Yun-Seok Kim, Han A Reum Lee, Min Ji Lee, Ye Jin Park, Sehwan Mun, Chang June Yune, Tae Nyoung Chung, Jinkun Bae, Mi Jin Kim, Yong-Soo Choi, and Kyuseok Kim
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sepsis ,immune modulation ,hyperinflammation ,immune paralysis ,mitochondria transplantation ,mitochondria dysfunction ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Previously, we have shown that mitochondrial transplantation in the sepsis model has immune modulatory effects. The mitochondrial function could have different characteristics dependent on cell types. Here, we investigated whether the effects of mitochondrial transplantation on the sepsis model could be different depending on the cell type, from which mitochondria were isolated. We isolated mitochondria from L6 muscle cells, clone 9 liver cells and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). We tested the effects of mitochondrial transplantation using in vitro and in vivo sepsis models. We used the LPS stimulation of THP-1 cell, a monocyte cell line, as an in vitro model. First, we observed changes in mitochondrial function in the mitochondria-transplanted cells. Second, we compared the anti-inflammatory effects of mitochondrial transplantation. Third, we investigated the immune-enhancing effects using the endotoxin tolerance model. In the in vivo polymicrobial fecal slurry sepsis model, we examined the survival and biochemical effects of each type of mitochondrial transplantation. In the in vitro LPS model, mitochondrial transplantation with each cell type improved mitochondrial function, as measured by oxygen consumption. Among the three cell types, L6-mitochondrial transplantation significantly enhanced mitochondrial function. Mitochondrial transplantation with each cell type reduced hyper-inflammation in the acute phase of in vitro LPS model. It also enhanced immune function during the late immune suppression phase, as shown by endotoxin tolerance. These functions were not significantly different between the three cell types of origin for mitochondrial transplantation. However, only L6-mitochondrial transplantation significantly improved survival compared to the control in the polymicrobial intraabdominal sepsis model. The effects of mitochondria transplantation on both in vitro and in vivo sepsis models differed depending on the cell types of origin for mitochondria. L6-mitochondrial transplantation might be more beneficial in the sepsis model.
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- 2023
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12. Design and Experiments of Autonomous Path Tracking Based on Dead Reckoning
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Songxiao Cao, Ye Jin, Toralf Trautmann, and Kang Liu
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autonomous driving ,dead reckoning ,differential drive kinematics ,pure pursuit ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Path tracking is an important component of autonomous driving and most current path tracking research is based on different positioning sensors, such as GPS, cameras, and LIDAR. However, in certain extreme cases (e.g., in tunnels or indoor parking lots), if these sensors are unavailable, achieving accurate path tracking remains a problem that is worthy of study. This paper addresses this problem by designing a dead reckoning method that is solely reliant on wheel speed for localization. Specifically, a differential drive model is first used for estimating the current relative vehicle position in real time by rear wheel speed, and the deviation between the current path and the reference path is then calculated using the pure pursuit algorithm as a means of obtaining the target steering wheel angle and vehicle speed. The steering wheel and vehicle speed signals are then output by two PID controllers in order to control the vehicle, and the automatic driving path tracking is ultimately realized. Through exhaustive tests and experiments, the stop position error and tracking process error are compared under different conditions, and the effects of vehicle speed, look-ahead distance, starting position angle, and driving mode on tracking accuracy are analyzed. The experimental results show the average error of the end position to be 0.26 m, 0.383 m, and 0.505 m when using BMW-i3 to drive one lap automatically at speeds of 5 km/h, 10 km/h, and 15 km/h in a test area with a perimeter of approximately 200 m.
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- 2022
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13. Rapid Reversible Osmoregulation of Cytoplasmic Biomolecular Condensates of Human Interferon-α-Induced Antiviral MxA GTPase
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Pravin B. Sehgal, Huijuan Yuan, and Ye Jin
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liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) ,biomolecular condensates ,membraneless organelles (MLOs) ,endogenous interferon-α-induced human myxovirus resistance protein (MxA) ,osmoregulation ,hypotonic stress ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
We previously discovered that exogenously expressed GFP-tagged cytoplasmic human myxovirus resistance protein (MxA), a major antiviral effector of Type I and III interferons (IFNs) against several RNA- and DNA-containing viruses, existed in the cytoplasm in phase-separated membraneless biomolecular condensates of varying sizes and shapes with osmotically regulated disassembly and reassembly. In this study we investigated whether cytoplasmic IFN-α-induced endogenous human MxA structures were also biomolecular condensates, displayed hypotonic osmoregulation and the mechanisms involved. Both IFN-α-induced endogenous MxA and exogenously expressed GFP-MxA formed cytoplasmic condensates in A549 lung and Huh7 hepatoma cells which rapidly disassembled within 1–2 min when cells were exposed to 1,6-hexanediol or to hypotonic buffer (~40–50 mOsm). Both reassembled into new structures within 1–2 min of shifting cells to isotonic culture medium (~330 mOsm). Strikingly, MxA condensates in cells continuously exposed to culture medium of moderate hypotonicity (in the range one-fourth, one-third or one-half isotonicity; range 90–175 mOsm) first rapidly disassembled within 1–3 min, and then, in most cells, spontaneously reassembled 7–15 min later into new structures. This spontaneous reassembly was inhibited by 2-deoxyglucose (thus, was ATP-dependent) and by dynasore (thus, required membrane internalization). Indeed, condensate reassembly was preceded by crowding of the cytosolic space by large vacuole-like dilations (VLDs) derived from internalized plasma membrane. Remarkably, the antiviral activity of GFP-MxA against vesicular stomatitis virus survived hypoosmolar disassembly and subsequent reassembly. The data highlight the exquisite osmosensitivity of MxA condensates, and the preservation of antiviral activity in the face of hypotonic stress.
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- 2022
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14. Serial Change of Endotoxin Tolerance in a Polymicrobial Sepsis Model
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Min Ji Lee, Jinkun Bae, Jung Ho Lee, Ye Jin Park, Han A Reum Lee, Sehwan Mun, Yun-seok Kim, Chang June Yune, Tae Nyoung Chung, and Kyuseok Kim
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sepsis ,immunosuppression ,cytokines ,rats ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Immune suppression is known to occur during sepsis. Endotoxin tolerance is considered a mechanism of immune suppression in sepsis. However, the timing and serial changes in endotoxin tolerance have not been fully investigated. In this study, we investigated serial changes in endotoxin tolerance in a polymicrobial sepsis model. Herein, we used a rat model of fecal slurry polymicrobial sepsis. After induction of sepsis, endotoxin tolerance of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and splenocytes was measured at various time points (6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 5 days, and 7 days), through the measurement of TNF-α production after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in an ex vivo model. At each time point, we checked for plasma tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10 levels. Moreover, we analyzed reactive oxygen species (ROS) as measured by 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein, plasma lactate, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and creatinine levels. Nuclear factor (NF)-κB, IL-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK)-M, and cleaved caspase 3 levels were measured in the spleen. Endotoxin tolerance, measured by TNF-α production stimulated through LPS in PBMCs and splenocytes, was induced early in the sepsis model, starting from 6 h after sepsis. It reached a nadir at 24 to 48 h after sepsis, and then started to recover. Endotoxin tolerance was more prominent in the severe sepsis model. Plasma cytokines peaked at time points ranging from 6 to 12 h after sepsis. ROS levels peaked at 12 h and then decreased. Lactate, ALT, and serum creatinine levels increased up to 24 to 48 h, and then decreased. Phosphorylated p65 and IRAK-M levels of spleen increased up to 12 to 24 h and then decreased. Apoptosis was prominent 48 h after sepsis, and then recovered. In the rat model of polymicrobial sepsis, endotoxin tolerance occurred earlier and started to recover from 24 to 48 h after sepsis.
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- 2022
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15. Environment-insensitive two-photon ratiometric probe for in cellulo quantitative measurement of hydrogen peroxide
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Seo Won Cho, Yong Woong Jun, Ye Jin Reo, Sourav Sarkar, and Kyo Han Ahn
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Ratiometric imaging ,Quantitative analysis ,Environment-insensitive probe ,Hydrogen peroxide ,Two-photon imaging ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The quantitative analysis of a biological analyte directly through fluorescence imaging is essential in biomedical sciences but remains as a challenge owing to the environment-sensitive nature of fluorescence intensity. We show that a fluorescent hydrogen peroxide probe based on an in cellulo super-bright benzothiazolyl-benzocoumarin dye of which emission properties are insensitive to environmental changes offers a reliable and practical means for the quantitative analysis of hydrogen peroxide in cells and tissues directly through ratiometric imaging both under one-photon and two-photon excitation conditions. Different cellular hydrogen peroxide concentrations were determined for several cell lines and also for tumour and normal tissues.
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- 2021
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16. Cassiaside C Inhibits M1 Polarization of Macrophages by Downregulating Glycolysis
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Ye Jin Kim, Sungwoo Lee, Jonghwa Jin, Hyein Woo, Yeon-Kyung Choi, and Keun-Gyu Park
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M1 polarization ,macrophage ,glycolysis ,Cassiaside C ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Classically activated M1 macrophages reprogram their metabolism towards enhanced glycolysis to obtain energy and produce pro-inflammatory cytokines after activation by mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α. Thus, a strategy that constrains M1 polarization of macrophages via downregulation of glycolysis is essential for treating chronic inflammatory diseases. Cassiae semen has pharmacological activity against various inflammatory diseases. However, it is unclear whether specific compounds within Cassia seeds affect M1 polarization of macrophages. Here, we investigated whether Cassiaside C napthopyrone from Cassiae semen inhibits M1 polarization by downregulating glycolysis. We found that Cassiaside C reduced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 and the phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B, all of which are upregulated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/interferon (IFN)-γ-treated Raw264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages. Moreover, Cassiaside C-treated macrophages showed marked suppression of LPS/IFN-γ-induced HIF-1α, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1, and lactate dehydrogenase A expression, along with downregulation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/AKT/mTORC1 signaling pathway. Consequently, Cassiaside C attenuated enhanced glycolysis and lactate production, but rescued diminished oxidative phosphorylation, in M1 polarized macrophages. Thus, Cassiaside C dampens M1 polarization of macrophages by downregulating glycolysis, which could be exploited as a therapeutic strategy for chronic inflammatory conditions.
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- 2022
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17. Microtubule Dynamics Plays a Vital Role in Plant Adaptation and Tolerance to Salt Stress
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Hyun Jin Chun, Dongwon Baek, Byung Jun Jin, Hyun Min Cho, Mi Suk Park, Su Hyeon Lee, Lack Hyeon Lim, Ye Jin Cha, Dong-Won Bae, Sun Tae Kim, Dae-Jin Yun, and Min Chul Kim
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salt stress ,salt adaptation ,proteomics ,microtubules ,tubulin ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Although recent studies suggest that the plant cytoskeleton is associated with plant stress responses, such as salt, cold, and drought, the molecular mechanism underlying microtubule function in plant salt stress response remains unclear. We performed a comparative proteomic analysis between control suspension-cultured cells (A0) and salt-adapted cells (A120) established from Arabidopsis root callus to investigate plant adaptation mechanisms to long-term salt stress. We identified 50 differentially expressed proteins (45 up- and 5 down-regulated proteins) in A120 cells compared with A0 cells. Gene ontology enrichment and protein network analyses indicated that differentially expressed proteins in A120 cells were strongly associated with cell structure-associated clusters, including cytoskeleton and cell wall biogenesis. Gene expression analysis revealed that expressions of cytoskeleton-related genes, such as FBA8, TUB3, TUB4, TUB7, TUB9, and ACT7, and a cell wall biogenesis-related gene, CCoAOMT1, were induced in salt-adapted A120 cells. Moreover, the loss-of-function mutant of Arabidopsis TUB9 gene, tub9, showed a hypersensitive phenotype to salt stress. Consistent overexpression of Arabidopsis TUB9 gene in rice transgenic plants enhanced tolerance to salt stress. Our results suggest that microtubules play crucial roles in plant adaptation and tolerance to salt stress. The modulation of microtubule-related gene expression can be an effective strategy for developing salt-tolerant crops.
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- 2021
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18. Extraction, Enrichment, and Quantification of Main Antioxidant Aglycones of Flavonoids and Tannins from Melastoma Dodecandrum Lour.: Guided by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS
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Yingpeng Tong, Yu Jiang, Xubo Chen, Xiaonan Li, Ping Wang, Ye Jin, and Kejun Cheng
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Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The objective of this work was to determine the main antioxidant aglycones of flavonoids and tannins in antioxidant extracts from Melastoma dodecandrum Lour. (MD), based on its extraction and purification process optimization and component identification by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Firstly, the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) process for antioxidants was established by using single factor tests and response surface optimization. Evaluating by DPPH radical scavenging assay, the antioxidant capacity of MD could reach 2742.27 ± 93.86 (μmol Trolox/g) under the optimized conditions including methanol concentration (61%, v/v), extraction time (45 min), liquid-solid ratio (0.46 ml/mg), and extraction temperature (25°C). Then, the antioxidants in the solution were enriched by using macroporous resins. Because of the highest adsorption capacity and desorption ratio, HPD 500 was selected out of 14 macroporous resins for further study based on the static adsorption and desorption tests. The adsorption mechanism of the HPD 500 resin presented that pseudo-first-order kinetics model and Freundlich isotherm model could adequately explain the adsorption process. After the antioxidants were dynamically saturated by HPD 500, the column was eluted with different concentrations of ethanol (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%, v/v). Among the above five ethanol fractions, 50% ethanol fraction showed the strongest antioxidant activity and more than 95% antioxidants adsorbed in HPD500 could be eluted by 75% ethanol. Guided by analysis results of UPLC-ESI-MS/MS, main antioxidant aglycones of flavonoids and tannins in each ethanol elution fraction were quantitatively detected. Finally, according to the correlation analysis between the antioxidant capacity of each ethanol elution fraction and its content of 10 main flavonoids and phenolic acids, the antioxidant activities of MD could mainly contribute to tannins containing phenolic units such as ellagic acid and/or gallic acid. The results of this work would provide useful information for the production of antioxidants from MD. Thus, the analysis methods could also be a quality control tool for material or products related with MD.
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- 2019
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19. Adiponectin Controls Nutrient Availability in Hypothalamic Astrocytes
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Nuri Song, Da Yeon Jeong, Thai Hien Tu, Byong Seo Park, Hye Rim Yang, Ye Jin Kim, Jae Kwang Kim, Joon Tae Park, Jung-Yong Yeh, Sunggu Yang, and Jae Geun Kim
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adiponectin ,astrocyte ,energy metabolism ,hypothalamus ,glycolysis ,metabolic diseases ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Adiponectin, an adipose tissue-derived hormone, plays integral roles in lipid and glucose metabolism in peripheral tissues, such as the skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and liver. Moreover, it has also been shown to have an impact on metabolic processes in the central nervous system. Astrocytes comprise the most abundant cell type in the central nervous system and actively participate in metabolic processes between blood vessels and neurons. However, the ability of adiponectin to control nutrient metabolism in astrocytes has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effects of adiponectin on multiple metabolic processes in hypothalamic astrocytes. Adiponectin enhanced glucose uptake, glycolytic processes and fatty acid oxidation in cultured primary hypothalamic astrocytes. In line with these findings, we also found that adiponectin treatment effectively enhanced synthesis and release of monocarboxylates. Overall, these data suggested that adiponectin triggers catabolic processes in astrocytes, thereby enhancing nutrient availability in the hypothalamus.
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- 2021
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20. Unravelling the MicroRNA-Mediated Gene Regulation in Developing Pongamia Seeds by High-Throughput Small RNA Profiling
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Ye Jin, Lin Liu, Xuehong Hao, David E. Harry, Yizhi Zheng, Tengbo Huang, and Jianzi Huang
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Millettia pinnata ,woody oilseed plants ,seed development ,miRNA ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Pongamia (Millettia pinnata syn. Pongamia pinnata) is a multipurpose biofuel tree which can withstand a variety of abiotic stresses. Commercial applications of Pongamia trees may substantially benefit from improvements in their oil-seed productivity, which is governed by complex regulatory mechanisms underlying seed development. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important molecular regulators of plant development, while relatively little is known about their roles in seed development, especially for woody plants. In this study, we identified 236 conserved miRNAs within 49 families and 143 novel miRNAs via deep sequencing of Pongamia seeds sampled at three developmental phases. For these miRNAs, 1327 target genes were computationally predicted. Furthermore, 115 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRs) between successive developmental phases were sorted out. The DEmiR-targeted genes were preferentially enriched in the functional categories associated with DNA damage repair and photosynthesis. The combined analyses of expression profiles for DEmiRs and functional annotations for their target genes revealed the involvements of both conserved and novel miRNA-target modules in Pongamia seed development. Quantitative Real-Time PCR validated the expression changes of 15 DEmiRs as well as the opposite expression changes of six targets. These results provide valuable miRNA candidates for further functional characterization and breeding practice in Pongamia and other oilseed plants.
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- 2019
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21. A highly-specific fully-human antibody and CAR-T cells targeting CD66e/CEACAM5 are cytotoxic for CD66e-expressing cancer cells in vitro and in vivo
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Guillermo Calero, Sandra Vergara, Cynthia Adams, Alex Conard, Rieko Ishima, Du-San Baek, John W. Mellors, Ye-Jin Kim, and Dimiter S. Dimitrov
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Male ,Cancer Research ,medicine.drug_class ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Antineoplastic Agents ,GPI-Linked Proteins ,Monoclonal antibody ,Immunotherapy, Adoptive ,Mice ,Prostate cancer ,Prostate ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Cytotoxic T cell ,Cell Proliferation ,Receptors, Chimeric Antigen ,biology ,Chemistry ,Antibodies, Monoclonal ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Immunotherapy ,medicine.disease ,Chimeric antigen receptor ,Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic ,Carcinoembryonic Antigen ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Neuroendocrine Tumors ,Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Oncology ,Immunoglobulin G ,Cancer cell ,Cancer research ,biology.protein ,Antibody - Abstract
Neuro-endocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) accounts for about 20% of lethal metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). NEPC has the most aggressive biologic behavior of all prostate cancers and is associated with poor patient outcome. Effective treatment for NEPC is not available because NEPC exhibit distinct cell-surface expression profiles compared to other types of prostate cancer. Recently, the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) (known as CEA or CD66e) was suggested to be a specific surface protein marker for NEPC. Therefore, we identified a new, fully-human anti-CEACAM5 monoclonal antibody, 1G9, which bound to the most proximal membrane domains, A3 and B3, of CEACAM5 with high affinity and specificity. It shows no off-target binding to other CEACAM family members, membrane distal domains of CEACAM5, or 5800 human membrane proteins. IgG1 1G9 exhibited CEACAM5-specific ADCC activity toward CEACAM5-positive prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T) based on scFv 1G9 induced specific and strong antitumor activity in a mouse model of prostate cancer. Our results suggest that IgG1 and CAR-T cells based on 1G9 are promising candidate therapeutics for CEACAM5-positive NEPC and other cancers.
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- 2022
22. Evaluation of washing solutions to remove particulate matter attached to greenhouse covering material
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Young-joon Jeong, Byung-hun Seo, Eun-mi Hong, Ye-jin Seo, Won Choi, Jae-han Lee, and Jong-Hyuk Lee
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Environmental Engineering ,Waste management ,Chemistry ,Greenhouse ,Particulates ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Water Science and Technology - Published
- 2021
23. Solvent-Free Solid-State Lithium Battery Based on LiFePO4 and MWCNT/PEO/PVDF-HFP for High-Temperature Applications
- Author
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Xinhua Liang, Ye Jin, Guodong David Zhan, and Han Yu
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,General Chemical Engineering ,chemistry.chemical_element ,General Chemistry ,Electrolyte ,Polymer ,Electrochemistry ,Lithium battery ,Chemistry ,Crystallinity ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,Thermal stability ,Lithium ,QD1-999 ,Short circuit - Abstract
Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have a wide range of applications but face challenges in harsh working or operating environments at high temperatures. In this work, a solid polymer electrolyte with MWCNT-COOH as an additive (MWCNT-SPE) was obtained. MWCNT-SPE has a high thermal stability and can be used in high-temperature operating environments. Solid-state lithium batteries based on MWCNT-SPE and LiFePO4 were assembled. The resulting lithium batteries exhibited excellent electrochemical properties at 70 and 120 °C, demonstrating a wide range of operations suitable for solid-state batteries with extreme demands. The symmetrical Li/MWCNT-SPE/Li cell operated for 1800 h with low polarization voltage and no short circuit, and the LiFePO4/MWCNT-SPE/Li cell delivered superior cycling performance under both 0.2 and 0.5 C-rates, indicating that the interface compatibility between the lithium metal and MWCNT-SPE membrane was good and could effectively suppress the formation of lithium dendrites. The superior performance of the resulting MWCNT-SPE was due to the weak interaction between PEO, PVDF-HFP, and MWCNT-COOH, which reduced the tendency of PEO's crystallinity and thereby significantly increased the Li+ migration ability and improved the cycling life of the batteries.
- Published
- 2021
24. Lactobacillus mediates the expression of NPC1L1, CYP7A1, and ABCG5 genes to regulate cholesterol
- Author
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Jianjun Tian, Kaihui Cao, Zhang Kaiping, Junjie Ma, Muran Ma, and Ye Jin
- Subjects
biology ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,Cholesterol ,Mechanism (biology) ,food and beverages ,Reviews ,cholesterol ,mechanism ,regulation ,Review ,Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase ,biology.organism_classification ,Cell biology ,lactobacillus ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Lactobacillus ,ABCG5 ,biology.protein ,TX341-641 ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Gene ,Food Science - Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is the main cause of cardiovascular disease worldwide, and the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis is essential for human health. Lactobacillus is present in large quantities in the human intestine. As the normal flora in the gut, lactobacillus plays an important role in regulating metabolism in the human body. Lactobacillus can regulate the cholesterol content by regulating the expression of genes involved in cholesterol synthesis, metabolism, and absorption. This article reviews the biological effects and mechanisms of lactobacillus that mediate the expression of NPC1L1, CYP7A1, ABCG5, ABCG8, and other genes to inhibit cholesterol absorption, and discusses the mechanism of reducing cholesterol by lactobacillus in cells in vitro, to provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of lactobacillus resources.
- Published
- 2021
25. CALCITE U-Pb DATING UNRAVELS THE AGE AND HYDROTHERMAL HISTORY OF THE GIANT SHUIYINDONG CARLIN-TYPE GOLD DEPOSIT IN THE GOLDEN TRIANGLE, SOUTH CHINA
- Author
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Xiao-Ye Jin, Jian-Wei Li, Albert H. Hofstra, Xin-Fu Zhao, Jian-Xin Zhao, Yue-Xing Feng, and Xiao-Dong Deng
- Subjects
Calcite ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Geochemistry ,Geology ,Orpiment ,engineering.material ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,01 natural sciences ,Hydrothermal circulation ,Cretaceous ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Geophysics ,chemistry ,Geochemistry and Petrology ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,engineering ,Carbonate rock ,Carbonate ,Economic Geology ,Pyrite ,Carlin–type gold deposit ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
The ages of Carlin-type gold deposits in the Golden Triangle of South China have long been questioned due to the general lack of minerals unequivocally linked to gold deposition that can be precisely dated using conventional radiogenic isotope techniques. Recent advances in U-Pb methods show that calcite can be used to constrain the ages of hydrothermal processes, but few studies have been applied to ore deposits. Herein, we show that this approach can be used to constrain the timing of hydrothermal activity that generated and overprinted the giant Shuiyindong Carlin-type gold deposit in the Golden Triangle. Three stages of calcite (Cal-1, Cal-2, and Cal-3) have been recognized in this deposit based on crosscutting relationships, cathodoluminescence colors, and chemical (U, Pb, and rare earth element [REE]) and isotope (C, O, Sr) compositions. Cal-1 is texturally associated with ore-stage jasperoid and disseminated Au-bearing arsenian pyrite in hydrothermally altered carbonate rocks, which suggests it is synmineralization. Cal-2 fills open spaces and has a distinct orange cathodoluminescence, suggesting that it precipitated during a second fluid pulse. Cal-1 and Cal-2 have similar carbonate rock-buffered chemical and isotopic compositions. Cal-3 occurs in veins that often contain realgar and/or orpiment and are chemically (low U, Pb, and REE) and isotopically (higher δ13C, lower δ18O and Sri values) distinct from Cal-1 and Cal-2, suggesting that it formed from a third fluid. U-Pb isotope analyses, by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) for U-rich Cal-1 and Cal-2 and by LA-multicollector (MC)-ICP-MS for U-poor Cal-3, yield well-defined age constraints of 204.3 to 202.6, 191.9, and 139.3 to 137.1 Ma for Cal-1, Cal-2, and Cal-3, respectively. These new ages suggest that the Shuiyindong gold deposit formed in the late Triassic and was overprinted by hydrothermal events in the early Jurassic and early Cretaceous. Given the association of Cal-3 with orpiment and realgar, and previous geochronologic studies of several other major gold deposits in the Golden Triangle, we infer that the latest stage of calcite may be associated with an early Cretaceous regional gold metallogenic event. Combined with existing isotopic ages in the region, these new ages lead us to propose that Carlin-type gold deposits in the Golden Triangle formed during two metallogenic episodes in extensional settings, associated with the late Triassic Indochina orogeny and early Cretaceous paleo-Pacific plate subduction. This study shows that the calcite U-Pb method can be used to constrain the timing of Carlin-type gold deposits and successive hydrothermal events.
- Published
- 2021
26. Long non-coding RNA AC012668 suppresses non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by competing for microRNA miR-380-5p with lipoprotein-related protein LRP2
- Author
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Yan Gao, Jianrong Su, Xiaomeng Chen, Yue Hou, Ye Jin, Hong Ma, and Wei Ning
- Subjects
Male ,LRP2 ,Bioengineering ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Cell Line ,Mice ,Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ,Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ,microRNA ,medicine ,Gene silencing ,Animals ,Humans ,Gene ,miR-380-5p ,long non-coding RNA ,Chemistry ,Microarray analysis techniques ,hepatic steatosis ,Fatty liver ,RNA ,General Medicine ,Transfection ,medicine.disease ,Molecular biology ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-2 ,MicroRNAs ,RNA, Long Noncoding ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Biotechnology ,Research Article ,Research Paper - Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by high morbidity. Although long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to have a role in NAFLD pathogenesis, the identified lncRNA types are limited. In this study, NAFLD models were established in vitro and in vivo using free fatty acid-treated LO2 cells and high-fat diet-fed mice, respectively. Microarray data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and AC012668 was selected for further analysis. Cell viability and apoptosis were measured using Cell Counting Kit 8 and flow cytometry assays. RNA expression was detected using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Triglyceride (TG) content and lipid deposition were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Oil-Red O staining. Western blotting was used to visualize protein expression. Starbase and TargetScan were used to predict the target miRNA and gene, and the predictions were verified through RNA pull-down and luciferase reporter assays. AC012668 expression levels were significantly suppressed in NAFLD models, whereas AC012668 overexpression inhibited lipogenesis-related gene (SCD1, SREBP1, FAS) expression and TG/lipid accumulation in vitro. Subsequently, miR-380-5p was predicted and verified to target AC012668, and its expression was notably increased in the NAFLD cell model. Moreover, transfection of miR-380-5p antagonized the effects of AC012668 on lipid formation and accumulation. LRP2 was confirmed to be the target gene of miR-380-5p and was downregulated in the NAFLD cell model. Silencing LRP2 reversed the effects of the miR-380-5p inhibitor on lipid formation and accumulation. AC012668 inhibited NAFLD progression via the miR-380-5p/LRP2 axis. These findings may provide a novel strategy against NAFLD.
- Published
- 2021
27. Nutritional evaluation, fatty acid analysis and anticancer properties investigation of seeds from kan-zaw, a potential diet oil and medicinal plant
- Author
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Shiyou Lü, Za Khai Tuang, Yizhong Wang, Xianpeng Yang, Wannian Yang, Chao Qi, Moe Moe Lwin, Ye Jin, Hao Shen, and Phyo Phyo Zin Oo
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Acid value ,Saponification value ,Starch ,Fatty acid analysis ,Physicochemical properties ,Kan-zaw seeds ,Fatty acid ,food and beverages ,QH426-470 ,Anticancer activity ,Conjugated fatty acid ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Iodine value ,chemistry ,Phytochemical ,Payenapara lleloneura Kurz ,Genetics ,Petroleum ether ,Food science ,Nutritional evaluation - Abstract
Payenapara lleloneura Kurz. (Kan-zaw), an endemic medicinal plant only found in Tanintharyi Region of Myanmar, is widely used in the treatment of various cancer and different ailments. In the present research, the seeds were phytochemical investigated for their nutritional potential for their use as functional foods or novel diet oil resources. Nutritional evaluation showed that the seeds are rich in fats and carbohydrates (soluble sugars and starch). Fatty acid analyses showed that the seeds accumulate very rich α-eleostearic acid (α-ESA, 18:3Δ9cis,11trans,13trans), an important conjugated fatty acid, up to more than 70 % of total fatty acids. The seed oil derived from the Kan-zaw tree contains approximately 3.25 % β-eleostearic acid (18:3Δ9trans,11trans,13trans), an unusual conjugated fatty acid that imparts a potent anticancer application and industrially important drying qualities to Kan-zaw oil. Physicochemical properties of the Kan-zaw seeds were examined; petroleum ether (60–90 °C) extract of seed oils were also investigated for the saponification value, iodine value and estimation of acid value. Further, the present study investigated cytotoxic potential of ethanol, methanol, acetone, chloroform Kan-zaw seed extracts and commercial Kan-zaw oil against human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa). The Kan-zaw extracts and oil have shown significant anticancer activity on HeLa cells.
- Published
- 2021
28. Tensile and Fatigue Properties of Twin-Roll-Cast AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Strips with Different Thicknesses
- Author
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Young-Rae Cho, Young-Min Kim, Sung Hyuk Park, and Ye Jin Kim
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Magnesium ,Mechanical Engineering ,Fatigue testing ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,STRIPS ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Microstructure ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,Ultimate tensile strength ,General Materials Science ,Magnesium alloy ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
This study investigates the microstructure, tensile properties, and high-cycle fatigue resistance of twin-roll-cast Mg-3Al-1Zn (wt%) alloy strips with thicknesses of 1 mm, 1.5 mm, and 3 mm. The investigation results reveal that the 1-and 1.5-mm-thick strips show a fully dynamically recrystallized (DRXed) microstructure consisting of fine equiaxed DRXed grains, whereas the 3-mm-thick strip shows a partially DRXed microstructure containing very coarse elongated unDRXed grains because of the insufficient strain imposed during twin-roll casting. The inhomogeneous microstructure of the 3-mm-thick strip leads to a large deviation in its tensile elongation. The average grain size of the strips increases with increasing strip thickness, which results in reductions in both their tensile strength and their ductility because of the weakened grain-boundary hardening effect and the promoted formation of undesirable twins, respectively. The high-cycle fatigue resistance in the stress regime with finite fatigue life is similar for all three strips, but the fatigue strength with infinite fatigue life decreases from 175 MPa to 140 MPa as the strip thickness increases from 1 mm to 3 mm. The fatigue strength (FL) increases linearly with increasing yield strength (YS) according to the relationship FL = -199.5 + 2.03·YS.
- Published
- 2021
29. V-9302 inhibits proliferation and migration of VSMCs, and reduces neointima formation in mice after carotid artery ligation
- Author
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Jonghwa Jin, Seunghyeong Lee, Mi Jin Kim, Ye Jin Kim, Keun-Gyu Park, Sungwoo Lee, Yeon-Kyung Choi, and Hyeon Young Park
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Neointima ,Vascular smooth muscle ,Amino Acid Transport System A ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Cell Respiration ,Biophysics ,Context (language use) ,Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 ,Pharmacology ,Biochemistry ,Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ,Glutamine transport ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cell Movement ,medicine ,Animals ,Ligation ,Molecular Biology ,Cells, Cultured ,Cell Proliferation ,Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ,biology ,Chemistry ,Growth factor ,Cell Cycle ,Serum Albumin, Bovine ,Cell Biology ,Mitochondria ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Glutamine ,Carotid Arteries ,030104 developmental biology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,cardiovascular system ,biology.protein ,Platelet-derived growth factor receptor ,Fetal bovine serum - Abstract
Rapidly proliferating cells such as vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) require metabolic programs to support increased energy and biomass production. Thus, targeting glutamine metabolism by inhibiting glutamine transport could be a promising strategy for vascular disorders such as atherosclerosis, stenosis, and restenosis. V-9302, a competitive antagonist targeting the glutamine transporter, has been investigated in the context of cancer; however, its role in VSMCs is unclear. Here, we examined the effects of blocking glutamine transport in fetal bovine serum (FBS)- or platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-stimulated VSMCs using V-9302. We found that V-9302 inhibited mTORC1 activity and mitochondrial respiration, thereby suppressing FBS- or PDGF-stimulated proliferation and migration of VSMCs. Moreover, V-9302 attenuated carotid artery ligation-induced neointima in mice. Collectively, the data suggest that targeting glutamine transport using V-9302 is a promising therapeutic strategy to ameliorate occlusive vascular disease.
- Published
- 2021
30. Enhanced lipid utilization is coupled to the sickness responses triggered by lipopolysaccharide
- Author
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Yang Tae Kim, Byung Ju Lee, Ye Jin Kim, Da Yeon Jeong, Jae Geun Kim, Jae Kwang Kim, and Byong Seo Park
- Subjects
Lipopolysaccharides ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Fever ,Lipopolysaccharide ,Hypothalamus ,Biophysics ,Inflammation ,Pharmacology ,Biochemistry ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Oxygen Consumption ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Molecular Biology ,Illness Behavior ,business.industry ,Functional connectivity ,Fatty Acids ,Cell Biology ,Metabolism ,Lipid Metabolism ,Phenotype ,Anorexia ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Systemic administration ,Ketone bodies ,Cytokines ,Inflammation Mediators ,medicine.symptom ,Energy Metabolism ,business - Abstract
Sickness symptoms exerted via inflammatory responses occur in several infectious and chronic diseases. A growing body of evidence suggests that altered nutrient availability and metabolism are tightly coupled to inflammatory processes. However, the relationship between metabolic shifts and the development of the sickness response has not been explored fully. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate metabolic phenotypes with a mouse model showing sickness symptoms via systemic administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the present study. LPS injection elevated the lipid utilization and circulating levels of fatty acids. It also increased the levels of β-hydroxybutyric acid, a ketone body produced from fatty acids. We confirmed the functional connectivity between nutrient utilization and inflammatory responses and demonstrated enhanced lipid utilization in the hypothalamus providing insights into hypothalamic control of sickness responses. Collectively, these findings could help develop new therapeutic strategies to treat patients with severe sickness symptoms associated with infectious and chronic human diseases.
- Published
- 2021
31. The Effect on Emotional and Physiological Responses in Content Composition of High-Definition Image Screen(Full HD)
- Author
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Hye Sun Joo, Sang Jeong Moon, Joon Woo Chon, Ki Seong Kim, Ye-Jin Han, and Young Jun Choi
- Subjects
Complementary and alternative medicine ,business.industry ,Chemistry ,Content (measure theory) ,Pharmaceutical Science ,High definition ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Pattern recognition ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Composition (language) ,Physiological responses - Published
- 2021
32. MicroRNA-23a reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced cellular apoptosis and inflammatory cytokine production through Rho-associated kinase 1/sirtuin-1/nuclear factor-kappa B crosstalk
- Author
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Xiao-Jun Shi, Ye Jin, Wei-Ming Xu, Qing Shen, Jun Li, Kang Chen, and Li-Shao Guo
- Subjects
Lipopolysaccharides ,Lipopolysaccharide ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Apoptosis ,MicroRNA-23a ,Nuclear factor kappa b ,Cell Line ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Sirtuin 1 ,Sepsis ,ROCK1 ,microRNA ,medicine ,Animals ,Inflammation ,rho-Associated Kinases ,biology ,business.industry ,Kinase ,NF-kappa B ,Original Articles ,General Medicine ,Rats ,Cell biology ,MicroRNAs ,Crosstalk (biology) ,Cytokine ,chemistry ,SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway ,biology.protein ,Cytokines ,Medicine ,business - Abstract
Background:. MicroRNAs are closely associated with the progression and outcomes of multiple human diseases, including sepsis. In this study, we examined the role of miR-23a in septic injury. Methods:. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce sepsis in a rat model and H9C2 and HK-2 cells. miR-23a expression was evaluated in rat myocardial and kidney tissues, as well as H9C2 and HK-2 cells. A miR-23a mimic was introduced into cells to identify the role of miR-23a in cell viability, apoptosis, and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, the effect of Rho-associated kinase 1 (ROCK1), a miR-23a target, on cell damage was evaluated, and molecules involved in the underlying mechanism were identified. Results:. In the rat model, miR-23a was poorly expressed in myocardial (sham vs. sepsis 1.00 ± 0.06 vs. 0.27 ± 0.03, P
- Published
- 2021
33. Peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass-like structures (PHOMS) in children
- Author
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Yoo Yeon Park, Ye Jin Ahn, and Sun Young Shin
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,genetic structures ,Optic Disk ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Ophthalmology ,medicine ,Humans ,Macula Lutea ,Child ,Optic Disk Drusen ,business.industry ,Retinal ,Foveal avascular zone ,Inner plexiform layer ,medicine.disease ,Optic disc drusen ,eye diseases ,Ganglion ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,030221 ophthalmology & optometry ,Optic nerve ,Ovoid ,sense organs ,business ,Sclera ,Tomography, Optical Coherence ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Optic disc - Abstract
Background To analyse structural characteristics and perifoveal/peripapillary vasculature by OCT in children with peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass-like structures (PHOMS) and compare the results with those of normal subjects. Methods Forty-five patients (84 eyes) under 18 years old with blurry disc margin were evaluated with spectral domain-OCT and swept course-OCT. Patients were divided into four groups, according to presence of PHOMS and then the size of the existing PHOMS. Eyes with visible optic disc drusen (ODD) were not included. Foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and vessel densities from macula and optic disc area were assessed and potential associations between vessel density and structural parameters, such as peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (pRNFL), and macular ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) thickness, were analysed. Results Among 45 patients (eighty-four eyes), coexisting buried ODD were found only in eyes with PHOMS. The scleral canal diameter was significantly smaller in PHOMS positive eyes compared to control eyes. Vessel density measurements from the papillary, peripapillary and optic nerve head (ONH) regions in the large PHOMS group were significantly lower compared to the control group (papillary; P = 0.014, peripapillary; P = 0.001, ONH; P = 0.046). FAZ area and macular vessel densities showed no difference compared to normal eyes in all three PHOMS groups. pRNFL and mGCIPL thickness did not differ among four groups and correlations were also not significant. Conclusions Children with PHOMS have smaller scleral canal and can entail buried ODD. Vessel densities of optic disc area in large PHOMS eyes are significantly lower than in normal eyes.
- Published
- 2021
34. A study on the influence factors of the continuance intention of O2O food delivery applications
- Author
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Lee Soo Bum and Ye-Jin Hwang
- Subjects
Traditional medicine ,Chemistry ,Food delivery - Abstract
최근 신종 코로나바이러스 감염증의 확산으로 ‘식(食)문화’에 큰 변화로 인해 O2O 외식 배달 어플리케이션의 사용이 크게 증가하고 있으며, 이용자의 지속이용의도에 대한 분석이 필요한 것으로 판단되었다. 이에 본 연구는 O2O 외식 배달 어플리케이션 이용에 대한 혜택과 희생을 토대로 서비스의 지각된 가치를 인지하고 목표 지향적 행동모형을 적용하여 지속이용의도에 유의미한 영향을 미친다는 구조적인 관계를 조사하고자 하였으며 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 혜택 중 유용성과 즐거움이 지각된 가치에 정(+)의 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 희생 중 지각된 비용과 보안 위험성은 지각된 가치에 부(-)의 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 지각된 가치는 태도, 주관적 규범, 지각된 행동통제에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 태도와 주관적 규범은 열망에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 열망은 지속이용의도에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 마지막으로 지각된 행동통제는 지속이용의도에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 O2O 외식 배달 어플리케이션 지속이용의도에 관한 구조적 관계를 혜택과 희생을 바탕으로 목표 지향적 행동모형에 적용했다는 점에서 큰 의의가 있으며, 향후 O2O 외식 배달 어플리케이션 업체의 전략 수립 시 많은 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.
- Published
- 2021
35. Biosynthesis of glyceride glycoside (nonionic surfactant) by amylosucrase, a powerful glycosyltransferase
- Author
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Inonge Noni Siziya, Gil-Yong Lee, Ye-Jin Kim, Sang-Ho Yoo, Myung-Ji Seo, Cheon-Seok Park, Seung-Pyo Hong, Young-Rok Kim, and Dong-Ho Seo
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,Molecular mass ,Stereochemistry ,Glyceride ,Glycoside ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,040401 food science ,01 natural sciences ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Article ,Thin-layer chromatography ,Amylosucrase ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,chemistry ,Docking (molecular) ,010608 biotechnology ,Glycosyltransferase ,biology.protein ,Deinococcus geothermalis ,Food Science ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Amylosucrase (ASase, E.C. 2.4.1.4) is a powerful transglycosylation enzyme that can transfer glucose from sucrose to the hydroxyl (-OH) group of various compounds. In this study, recombinant ASases from Deinococcus geothermalis (DgAS) and Bifidobacterium thermophilum (BtAS) were used to synthesize biosurfactants based on the computational analysis of predicted docking simulations. Successful predictions of the binding affinities, conformations, and three-dimensional structures of three surfactants were computed from receptor-ligand binding modes. DgAS and BtAS were effective in the synthesis of biosurfactants from glyceryl caprylate, glyceryl caprate, and polyglyceryl-2 caprate. The results of the transglycosylation reaction were consistent for both ASases, with glyceryl caprylate acceptor showing the highest concentration, as confirmed by thin layer chromatography. Furthermore, the transglycosylation reactions of DgAS were more effective than those of BtAS. Among the three substrates, glyceryl caprylate glycoside and glyceryl caprate glycoside were successfully purified by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) with the corresponding molecular weights.
- Published
- 2021
36. Source and Evolution of the Ore-Forming Fluids of Carlin-Type Gold Deposit in the Youjiang Basin, South China: Evidences from Solute Data of Fluid Inclusion Extracts
- Author
-
Jian-Zhong Liu, Xiao-Ye Jin, Chengfu Yang, and Wu Yang
- Subjects
Calcite ,020209 energy ,Geochemistry ,02 engineering and technology ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,01 natural sciences ,Fluorite ,Hydrothermal circulation ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Magma ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Sedimentary rock ,Inclusion (mineral) ,Carlin–type gold deposit ,Quartz ,Geology ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
The source and evolution of ore-forming fluids is important to understand the genesis of Carlin-type gold deposit. Constraints on the source and evolution of ore fluid components by the conventional geochemical methods have long been a challenge due to the very fine-grained nature and complex textures of hydrothermal minerals in these deposits. In this study, we present the crush-leach analyzed solute data of fluid inclusion extracts within quartz, calcite, realgar, and fluorite from the Shuiyindong, Nibao, and Yata gold deposits in the Youjiang Basin, providing new insights into the source and evolution of ore-forming fluids. The results show that the high molar Cl/Br ratios up to 2 508 in fluid inclusion extracts are indicative of a contribution of magmatic hydrothermal fluids. Fluids mixing between basinal and magmatic-hydrothermal fluids are evident on the plots of Cl/Br versus Na/K ratios, showing that ore-stage milky quartz near the magmatic-hydrothermal fluids reflects magma origin of the ore-forming fluids, whereas late ore-stage drusy quartz and realgar near the defined basinal fluids suggest the later input of basinal fluids in late-ore stage. Although the predominately host rocks in Shuiyindong, Nibao and Yata gold deposit are bioclastic limestone, sedimentary tuff, and calcareous siltstone, respectively, the solute data of fluid inclusion extracts records they underwent the similar fluid-rocks reactions between the Na-rich magmatic hydrothermal fluids and the Ca- and Mg-rich host rocks. This study highlights the solute data of fluid inclusion extracts obtained by crush-leach analyses have the potential to fingerprint the source and evolution of ore-forming fluids of the Carlin-type gold deposit.
- Published
- 2021
37. High safety and long-life lithium batteries with low leakage and high wettability ceramic-polymer electrolyte
- Author
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Xinhua Liang, Han Yu, Ye Jin, and Yan Gao
- Subjects
Materials science ,General Chemical Engineering ,General Engineering ,General Physics and Astronomy ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Separator (oil production) ,02 engineering and technology ,Electrolyte ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Electrochemistry ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Ionic conductivity ,General Materials Science ,Lithium ,Thermal stability ,Wetting ,0210 nano-technology ,Leakage (electronics) - Abstract
The development of ceramic-polymer electrolyte with high mechanical and electrochemical properties is the key to address the safety issue of high-performance lithium batteries due to the use of flammable organic liquid electrolytes. In this work, we designed and synthesized a flexible low liquid leakage and high wettability ceramic-polymer electrolyte (CPE) based on poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-γ-Al2O3 membrane with excellent mechanical and thermal stability. After being wetted by a very small amount of LiPF6-based liquid electrolyte, symmetrical Li, Li/LiFePO4 (LFP), and LFP/Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) cells with this PVDF/PEO-γ-Al2O3-LiPF6 CPE displayed much better cycling stabilities than that of commercial Celgard 2320 separator with a sufficient amount of liquid electrolyte. The CPE requires only a small amount of liquid electrolyte to achieve the desired electrochemical performance of lithium batteries. Its low liquid leakage characteristic also enhances the safety of lithium batteries, with the potential to replace the commercial separators.
- Published
- 2021
38. Strong intermolecular interaction induced methylene-bridged asymmetric heterocyclic explosives
- Author
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Ye Jin, Zhaoqi Guo, Haixia Ma, Wang Yu, Yang Na, and Yazhou Zhang
- Subjects
Materials science ,Explosive material ,Coordination polymer ,Intermolecular force ,Detonation ,General Chemistry ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Atomic packing factor ,Sensitivity (explosives) ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Crystallography ,chemistry ,General Materials Science ,Methylene ,Single crystal - Abstract
The design and synthesis of novel energetic materials with high energy and acceptable sensitivity is significant for the military and civil fields. In this study, a methylene-bridged asymmetric heterocyclic explosive based on strong intermolecular interactions, namely N-(1-((5-(nitroimine)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl) methyl)-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)nitroimine (4), was designed and synthesized. Its ammonium salt (5) and potassium coordination polymer (6) were also synthesized. The structures of compounds 4, 5 and 6 were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Independent gradient model (IGM) analyses and Hirshfeld surfaces (HS) analyses combined with single crystal analyses revealed the existence of intermolecular interactions in the three compounds. The strong intermolecular hydrogen-bonding, π⋯π, and p⋯π interactions enhance the molecular packing efficiency of 4, leading to high density and acceptable sensitivity. Detonation properties calculated with the professional software package EXPLO5 showed that the new metal-free explosive 4 exhibits superior detonation performance (D = 9296.8 m s−1; P = 38.3 GPa) which is comparable to that of HMX.
- Published
- 2021
39. Effects of energy supplements on the differentiation of skeletal muscle satellite cells
- Author
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Lin Su, Bohui Wang, Debao Wang, Ye Jin, Luigi Faucitano, Min Zhang, Lihua Zhao, Rina Su, Yulong Luo, and Yan Duan
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,lcsh:TX341-641 ,skeletal muscle satellite cells ,MyoD ,Extensor digitorum longus muscle ,03 medical and health sciences ,Downregulation and upregulation ,AMP-activated protein kinase ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Myocyte ,glucose ,Original Research ,energy supplement ,030102 biochemistry & molecular biology ,biology ,Activator (genetics) ,Chemistry ,AMPK ,differentiation ,AMP‐activated protein kinase ,musculoskeletal system ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,biology.protein ,Phosphorylation ,tissues ,lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,Food Science - Abstract
To investigate the effects of the activator of AMPK and high glucose on the differentiation of mouse SMSCs, primary SMSCs were isolated from mouse extensor digitorum longus muscle and grown to near confluence (80%). Postconfluent cells were cultured in a growth medium with different inductors: AICAR, glucose, and AICAR mixed with glucose. The specific protein expressions of SMSCs, myoblasts, adipocytes, and brown adipocytes were analyzed on days 0, 3, 5, 7, and 10. The results showed treatment with AICAR in SMSCs markedly activated AMPK phosphorylation (p, To investigate the effects of the activator of AMPK and high glucose on the differentiation of mouse SMSCs, primary SMSCs were isolated from mouse extensor digitorum longus muscle and grown to near confluence (80%). Postconfluent cells were cultured in a growth medium with different inductors: AICAR, glucose, and AICAR mixed with glucose. The present study indicated that the certain energy supplements influence the direction of SMSC differentiation which may contribution on the structure of muscle and meat quality, sequentially.
- Published
- 2021
40. Effect of chronic AICAR treatment on muscle fiber composition and enzyme activity in skeletal muscle of rats
- Author
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Yanru Hou, Min Zhang, Lihua Zhao, Lin Su, Chang Liu, Yajuan Zhao, Duo Yao, and Ye Jin
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,General Veterinary ,biology ,Chemistry ,pgc-1α ,Veterinary medicine ,Skeletal muscle ,AMPK ,muscle fiber characteristics ,Enzyme assay ,ampk ,enzyme activity ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,aicar ,myhc ,Internal medicine ,SF600-1100 ,medicine ,biology.protein ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Composition (visual arts) ,Muscle fibre - Abstract
Muscle fiber is the basic unit of skeletal muscle. Muscle fiber types play a crucial role in improving meat quality. In the current study, Wistar rats were chronic injected with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) for four weeks in order to define the 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) protein activity on muscle fiber composition, enzyme activity and the mRNA expression of muscle fiber type-related genes in gastrocnemius (GS) muscle. Food intake and body weight did not show a significant difference after AICAR treatment (P > .05). The AICAR treatment caused a significantly increased number and area proportion of type I muscle fiber and expression level MyHC I mRNA (P
- Published
- 2021
41. Cell Death Derived from Photooxidation of A2E by Irradiating Using Smart Device in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells
- Author
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Ye Jin Jang, Jeong Mi Ha, and Sang-il Park
- Subjects
Programmed cell death ,Pigment ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Apoptosis ,Chemistry ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Retinal ,Retinal pigment epithelium cell ,Cell biology - Published
- 2020
42. High concentration of calcium represses osteoblast differentiation in C2C12 cells
- Author
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Ye Jin Lee and Younho Han
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Chemistry ,Osteoporosis ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Osteoblast ,Calcium ,medicine.disease ,Osteopenia ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Alkaline phosphatase ,Osteosarcoma ,Cytotoxicity ,C2C12 - Abstract
Calcium is the most abundant stored mineral in the human body and is especially vital for bone health; thus, calcium deficiency can cause bone-related diseases, such as osteopenia and osteoporosis. However, a high concentration of serum calcium, which is commonly known as hypercalcemia, can also lead to weakened bones and, in severe cases, osteosarcoma. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the concentration of calcium that is appropriate for bone biology. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate the effects of high concentration of calcium, approximately 2 folds the normal calcium level, on osteoblast differentiation. The CaCl2 treatment showed dose-dependent suppression of the alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralized nodule formation. Calcium showed cytotoxicity at an extremely high concentration, but a moderately high concentration of calcium that results in inhibitory effects to osteoblast differentiation showed no signs of cytotoxicity. We also confirmed that the CaCl2 treatment repressed the mRNA expression and protein abundance of various osteogenic genes and transcriptional factors. Considered together, these results indicate that a high concentration of calcium negatively regulates the osteoblast differentiation of C2C12 cells.
- Published
- 2020
43. Electronic Effects on the Depropargylation Process in the Reaction‐based Fluorescent Detection of Palladium Species: Benzocoumarin‐based Ratiometric Sensing Systems
- Author
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Sourav Sarkar, Seo Won Cho, Kyo Han Ahn, and Ye Jin Reo
- Subjects
chemistry ,Scientific method ,Electronic effect ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Nanotechnology ,General Chemistry ,Sensing system ,Fluorescence ,Palladium - Published
- 2020
44. Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Triolein Selective Lipase from Soil Environmental Genes
- Author
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Moon-Sun Hahm, In Taek Hwang, Hee Kyung Lim, Ye-Jin Han, and Soo Youl Park
- Subjects
biology ,Fast protein liquid chromatography ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Microbiology ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Plasmid ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,law ,GenBank ,biology.protein ,Recombinant DNA ,Triolein ,Lipase ,Gene ,Peptide sequence ,Biotechnology - Abstract
A novel lipase gene, Lip-1420, was isolated from a metagenomic library constructed from reed marsh from Mt. Jumbong in Korea, comprising 112,500 members of recombinant plasmids. The DNA sequence of Lip- 1420-subclone (5,513 bp) was found to contain at least 11 ORFs according to the GenBank database. The ORF-3 gene was inserted into the pET21a plasmid containing the C-terminal 6-His tag and transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3) to express the recombinant lipase protein. Lip-1420 was purified using a fast protein liquid chromatography system. The gene was registered in GenBank (MH628529). The values of Km and Vmax were determined as 0.268 mM and 1.821 units, respectively, at 40℃ and pH 8.0, using p-nitrophenyl palmitate as the substrate. This lipase belongs to family IV taxonomically because it has conserved HGGG and GDSAG motifs in the constitutive amino acid sequence. According to the predicted structural model, the binding sites are represented by residues H78, G81, D150, S151, A152, V181, and D236. Finally, Lip-1420 showed triolein selectivity for methanolysis between triolein (18:1) and tristearin (18:0) substrates. Further study of the selective mechanism and structure-function relationship of this new lipase could be useful for more practical applications.
- Published
- 2020
45. A Study on Hypoxia Susceptibility of Organ Tissues by Fluorescence Imaging with a Ratiometric Nitroreductase Probe
- Author
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Won Jong Kim, Sourav Sarkar, Yong Woong Jun, Hyori Lee, Kyo Han Ahn, Ye Jin Reo, Subhankar Singha, Kyeong Hwan Kim, Yeong Mi Lee, and Hye Gun Ryu
- Subjects
Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy ,Renal cortex ,Bioengineering ,Spleen ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,Mice ,Nitroreductase ,medicine ,Renal medulla ,Animals ,Hypoxia ,Instrumentation ,Fluorescent Dyes ,Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes ,Photons ,Kidney ,Chemistry ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Optical Imaging ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Nitroreductases ,Hypoxia (medical) ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Molecular biology ,Ratiometric fluorescence ,0104 chemical sciences ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,medicine.symptom ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Hypoxia, a condition of oxygen deficiency in tissues, features various diseases including solid tumor. Under hypoxia, several reductases such as nitroreductases are elevated. Based on this fact, we have investigated an indirect way to assess the hypoxia susceptibility of different organ tissues (mouse lung, heart, spleen, kidney, and liver) by detecting nitroreductase present within. Among the organs, the kidney showed a notable susceptibility to hypoxia, which was due to the renal medulla, not due to the renal cortex, as observed by ratiometric fluorescence imaging with a probe. The probe features ratiometric signaling, NIR-emitting, two-photon absorbing, and pH-insensitive emission properties, offering a practical tool for studying the nitroreductase activity and, furthermore, hypoxia-associated biological processes.
- Published
- 2020
46. Regression Model to Predict Nitrogen Mineralization Using Soil Parameters for Pepper Upland
- Author
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Seul-Bi Lee, Jwa-Kyung Sung, and Ye-Jin Lee
- Subjects
Agronomy ,chemistry ,Pepper ,Environmental science ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Regression analysis ,Soil parameters ,Nitrogen ,Nitrogen cycle - Published
- 2020
47. The presence of resistant starch-degrading amylases in Bifidobacterium adolescentis of the human gut
- Author
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Won-Hyong Chung, Ye-Jin Kim, Cheon-Seok Park, Dong-Hyun Jung, Dong-Ho Seo, and Young-Do Nam
- Subjects
Signal peptide ,food.ingredient ,medicine.medical_treatment ,02 engineering and technology ,Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,food ,Structural Biology ,medicine ,Humans ,Amino Acid Sequence ,Amylase ,Resistant starch ,Molecular Biology ,Gene ,Phylogeny ,030304 developmental biology ,Bifidobacterium ,Comparative genomics ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Chemistry ,Hydrolysis ,Prebiotic ,Computational Biology ,Resistant Starch ,General Medicine ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,biology.organism_classification ,Bifidobacterium adolescentis ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,Enzyme ,Amylases ,biology.protein ,0210 nano-technology ,Genome, Bacterial - Abstract
Resistant starch (RS) is a complex prebiotic carbohydrate beneficial to the human gut. In the present study, four genes encoding for putative amylolytic enzymes, likely to be responsible for RS-degradation, were identified in the genome of Bifidobacterium adolescentis P2P3 by comparative genomic analysis. Our results showed that only three enzymes (RSD1, RSD2, and RSD3) exhibited non-gelatinized high amylose corn starch (HACS)-degrading activity in addition to typical α-amylase activity. These three RS-degrading enzymes (RSD) were composed of multiple domains, including signal peptide, catalytic domain, carbohydrate binding domains, and putative cell wall-anchoring domains. Typical catalytic domains were conserved by exhibiting seven typical conserved regions (I-VII) found mostly in α-amylases. Analysis of enzymatic activity revealed that RSD2 displayed stronger activity toward HACS-granules than RSD1 and RSD3. Comparative genomics in combination with enzymatic experiments confirmed that RSDs might be the key enzymes used by RS-degrading bifidobacteria to degrade RS in a particular ecological niche, such as the human gut.
- Published
- 2020
48. Structurally Compact, Blue-Green-Red Fluorescence Trackers for the Outer Cell Membrane: Zwitterionic (Naphthylvinyl)pyridinium Dyes
- Author
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Mingchong Dai, Sourav Sarkar, Kyo Han Ahn, Yun Jae Yang, and Ye Jin Reo
- Subjects
Tissue imaging ,Cell ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biocompatible Materials ,Biomaterials ,Cell membrane ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Materials Testing ,medicine ,Humans ,Particle Size ,Cell adhesion ,Red fluorescence ,Fluorescent Dyes ,Molecular Structure ,Chemistry ,Biochemistry (medical) ,Cell Membrane ,Optical Imaging ,General Chemistry ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,A549 Cells ,Biophysics ,Pyridinium ,Naphthylvinylpyridine ,Flux (metabolism) - Abstract
The cell membrane regulates the flux of materials in and out of cell, cell adhesion, and signaling. Fluorophores that selectively localize on it are in demand for investigations of the molecular events occurring on the outer cell membrane. Commercial membrane trackers based on phospholipids are structurally complex and difficult to modify further. We disclose the zwitterionic (naphthylvinyl)pyridinium dyes that selectively localize on the outer cell membrane and emit blue, green, and red fluorescence, respectively. Notably, they are structurally compact and provide bright fluorescence images of the cell membrane. By comparing with control compounds, we identified minimal structural elements for the "robust" localization of dye on the outer cell membrane. Further, the dyes are two-photon active, enabling high-resolution, deep-tissue imaging. One of the dyes was used to image a spleen tissue, which provided high-resolution fluorescent images with a distinct morphology. In addition, the materials and results disclosed are valuable for the development of membrane-targeting probes and structurally compact fluorophores.
- Published
- 2022
49. Residual Characteristics of Insecticide Sulfoxaflor and Its Metabolites in Soil
- Author
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Ja-Gun Kang, Kim Jang-Eok, Sang-Hyeob Lee, Dong-Ju Lee, NamAeJi, Se-Yeon Kwak, and Ye-Jin Heo
- Subjects
Fenton reaction ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Environmental chemistry ,Degradation (geology) ,Residual ,Sulfoxaflor - Published
- 2020
50. Rumen bacteria and meat fatty acid composition of Sunit sheep reared under different feeding regimens in China
- Author
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Duo Yao, Bohui Wang, Ye Jin, Jianjun Tian, Yu Wang, Yulong Luo, Yanru Hou, and Debao Wang
- Subjects
Male ,China ,Meat ,Rumen ,030309 nutrition & dietetics ,Conjugated linoleic acid ,Biology ,Pasture ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Animal science ,Butyrivibrio ,Grazing ,Animals ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,0303 health sciences ,geography ,Sheep ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Bacteria ,Fatty Acids ,food and beverages ,Fatty acid ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,Animal Feed ,040401 food science ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,chemistry ,Female ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Barn (unit) ,Food Science ,Biotechnology ,Polyunsaturated fatty acid - Abstract
Background Rumen bacteria play a critical role in feed degradation and productivity. This study evaluated the impact of feeding regimen on the rumen microbial populations and fatty acid composition of the meat of sheep. Twenty-four Sunit sheep were raised on a grass pasture from birth to 9 months of age, at which time they were randomly divided into two feeding groups: pasture feeding (PF) and barn feeding (BF). Sheep in the PF group were allowed to graze freely on wild grassland for 3 months. Sheep in the BF group were confined for 3 months to a dry barn, in which they roamed freely with corn straw and corn. Results Sheep in the PF group had greater rumen bacteria diversity. The relative abundances of the genera Butyrivibrio_2, Saccharofermentans and Succiniclasticum were increased, and that of the genus RC9_gut_group was decreased, in the PF compared to the BF sheep. The n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid contents were greater in meat from PF sheep than from BF sheep. In addition, the α-linolenic acid (C18:3 n-3, ALA) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) contents were positively correlated with the abundance of Butyrivibrio_2. Conclusion Grazing may improve the diversity of rumen bacteria and increase the proportion of ALA and CLA in sheep meat. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
- Published
- 2020
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