1. Ellagitannin Digestion in Moth Larvae and a New Dimeric Ellagitannin from the Leaves of Platycarya strobilacea
- Author
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Takashi Tanaka, Yong-Lin Huang, Yosuke Matsuo, Juri Takayoshi, Yoshinori Saito, and Dian-Peng Li
- Subjects
insect tea ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Organic chemistry ,Moths ,ellagitannin ,01 natural sciences ,Article ,Juglandaceae ,Analytical Chemistry ,brevifolin carboxylic acid ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,QD241-441 ,Ellagitannin ,Platycarya strobilacea ,ellagic acid ,Drug Discovery ,Animals ,Gallic acid ,Food science ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Strictinin ,030304 developmental biology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,0303 health sciences ,Plant Extracts ,010405 organic chemistry ,fungi ,Polyphenols ,food and beverages ,Casuarictin ,Hydrolyzable Tannins ,0104 chemical sciences ,Gastrointestinal Tract ,Plant Leaves ,chemistry ,Proanthocyanidin ,platycaryanin E ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Polyphenol ,Larva ,Molecular Medicine ,Digestion ,gallic acid ,Brevifolin ,Ellagic acid - Abstract
Ellagitannins (ETs) are plant polyphenols with various health benefits. Recent studies have indicated that the biological activities of ETs are attributable to their degradation products, including ellagic acid and its gut microflora metabolites, such as urolithins. Insect tea produced in the Guangxi region, China, is made from the frass of moth larvae that feed on the ET-rich leaves of Platycarya strobilacea. Chromatographic separation of the Guangxi insect tea showed that the major phenolic constituents are ellagic acid, brevifolin carboxylic acid, gallic acid, brevifolin, and polymeric polyphenols. Chemical investigation of the feed of the larvae, the fresh leaves of P. strobilacea, showed that the major polyphenols are ETs including pedunculagin, casuarictin, strictinin, and a new ET named platycaryanin E. The new ET was confirmed as a dimer of strictinin having a tergalloyl group. The insect tea and the leaves of P. strobilacea contained polymeric polyphenols, both of which were shown to be composed of ETs and proanthocyanidins by acid hydrolysis and thiol degradation. This study clarified that Guangxi insect tea contains ET metabolites produced in the digestive tract of moth larvae, and the metabolites probably have higher bioavailabilities than the original large-molecular ETs of the leaves of P. strobilacea., Molecules, 26(14), art. no. 4134; 2021
- Published
- 2021
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