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Contains fulltext : 194048.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Art therapy for people diagnosed with personality disorders (PD) cluster B/C seems valuable to explore dysfunctional patterns in managing emotions. Current art therapy interventions are based on practical beliefs or commonsense approaches, without a sound basis in research results. To increase the effectiveness of art therapy for this target group, a planned, systematic and theory-based approach is needed. The principles of Intervention Mapping were applied to guide the development, implementation, and planned evaluation of the art therapy intervention. Empirical findings, theoretical models, and clinical practice experience were combined to construct a programme tailored to the needs of the target group. A structured 10-session art therapy intervention programme for patients was developed, aimed at: experiencing a (more) stable and positive sense of self, being able to express and regulate emotions, understanding emotions, thoughts and behaviours, using improved social and problem solving skills. Implementation took place and evaluation of the intervention is being carried out. The systematically developed art therapy intervention seems to be promising for PD patients in learning to deal with their problems. The results of the evaluation study may contribute to the knowledge about the use of art therapy for PD problems. 11 p.

The negative effects and the continuation of cyberbullying seem to depend on the coping strategies the victims use. To assess their coping strategies, self-report questionnaires (SRQs) are used. However, these SRQs are often subject to several shortcomings: the (single and topological) categorizations used in SRQs do not always adequately differentiate among various coping responses, in addition the strategies of general SRQs fail to accurately measure coping with cyberbullying. This study is therefore aimed to develop a SRQ that specifically measures coping with cyberbullying (i.e., Cyberbullying Coping Questionnaire, CCQ) and to discover whether other, not single and topological, categorizations of coping strategies can be found. Based on previous SRQs used in the (cyber)bullying (i.e., traditional and cyberbullying) literature (i.e., 49 studies were found with three different SRQs measuring coping with traditional bullying, cyberbullying or (cyber)bullying) items and categorizations were selected, compared and merged into a new questionnaire. In compliance with recommendations from the classical test-theory, a principal component analysis and a confirmatory factor analysis were done, and a final model was constructed. Seventeen items loaded onto four different coping categorizations: mental-, passive-, social-, and confrontational-coping. The CCQ appeared to have good internal consistency, acceptable test-retest reliability, good discriminant validity and the development of the CCQ fulfilled many of the recommendations from classical test-theory. The CCQ omits working in single and topological categorizations and measures cognitive, behavioral, approach and avoidance strategies.

Coping may explain why being cyberbullied affects children’s well-being differently, though previous studies are inconclusive. This survey among 325 children focused on the role coping strategies may play in the relationship between cyberbullying and depressive feelings and health complaints. Being cyberbullied was measured with the Cyberbullying Questionnaire, general coping with the Utrecht Coping List, and cyberbullying-specific coping with a questionnaire developed for this study. Health complaints were measured with the Short Questionnaire for Experienced Health and depressive feelings with the shortened Children’s Depression Inventory. The results showed that 18.8% of the children were bullied by mobile phone and 24.1% through the internet. Correlation analyses showed strong relationships between victimization, coping, depressive feelings, and health complaints. In the regression analyses conducted in all children, victimization, general emotion-focused, and problem-focused copings had main effects on depressive feelings and health complaints; emotion-focused coping interacted with victimization in health complaints. Simple slope analyses of children with high scores on emotion-focused general coping showed a stronger positive relationship between victimization and health complaints. Regression analyses of only cyberbullied children showed that only emotion-focused cyber-specific coping was associated with more health complaints and depressive feelings.

This study investigated the relationship between the use of coping strategies to deal with daily stressors in general (n = 325) and the use of coping strategies to deal with cyberbullying in particular (n = 88) among children aged 11 and 12 years. Additionally, it investigated the impact of coping strategies on depression and health in victims of cyberbullying (n = 88). The results showed that victims differed significantly from bully-victims (i.e. victims that also bully) and from children not involved in cyberbullying, in that they use certain emotion-focused coping strategies for daily stressors in general more than others. Additionally, this study investigated among victims of cyberbullying the relation between coping strategies in daily life, cyberspecific coping, depressive feelings and health complaints. Coping through emotional expression, avoidance and depressive coping in daily life will lead to more cyberspecific depressive coping when confronted with cyberbullying. This in turn will lead to more depressive feelings and/or health complaints for victims of cyberbullying. These results stress the importance of teaching children how to stand up for themselves and employ effective coping strategies to deal with stress in daily life in general and to deal with cyberbullying in particular. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Language: en

The study's aim was to obtain an overview of all relevant variables involved in ineffective coping behavior and improvement in coping behavior as it pertains to cyberbullying among adolescents, in order to systematically develop a theory- and evidence-based intervention. This was done by means of a three round online Delphi study. First, 20 key experts listed possible relevant determinants. Next, 70 experts scored these determinants on their relevance and finally, experts rerated relevance of each determinant based on group median scores. The experts agreed that 115 items are relevant for ineffective (62) or improvement in (53) coping behavior. New found determinants were the extent to which one can adjust behavior upon feedback, impulsivity, self-confidence, communication style, personality, decision-making skills, conflict resolution skills, previous participation in personal resilience training, social relationships, rumors and self-disclosure. We conclude that the Delphi technique is useful in discovering new and relevant determinants of behavior.

This study investigated bullying in the workplace. More specifically, it explored the mental and physical health consequences of being bullied in the workplace and the role of coping as a moderating variable among 361 people living in the Netherlands who, at the time of the study, were employed for at least eight hours a week in an organization where they have both colleagues and a manager. Of these 361 employees, 139 (39%) reported having experienced at least one form of bullying listed in the questionnaire at least once a month and 64 (18%) reported having experienced at least one form of bullying once a week. Employees reporting weekly bullying also reported more health problems and poorer well-being, and were more frequently absent from work, than employees who reported monthly bullying or no bullying at all. Those who had been bullied on a weekly basis were also more inclined to cope with problems via compensation than those who were not bullied. The coping strategies of compensation, denial, and the adoption of an active positive attitude toward problem situations were found to moderate the relationship between being bullied, on the one hand, and health problems, well-being, and absenteeism, on the other. Unfortunately, these coping strategies as a response to being bullied have a detrimental effect on bullied individuals’ health and well-being, and are related to increased absenteeism. Additionally, negative organizational and leadership characteristics were found to be associated with bullying experiences at work.

Dit survey onder Belgische werknemers (N = 497) onderzoekt, uitgaande van het Michigan stressmodel, het verband tussen hoeveelheid sociale steun en tevredenheid daarmee, pesterijen op het werk en lichamelijke gezondheidsklachten. Uit hiërarchische regressieanalyses bleek dat zowel persoonsgerichte als werkgerelateerde pesterijen een negatieve invloed op de ervaren gezondheid hebben. Ook neemt voor werknemers, die een tekort aan sociale steun van collega’s ervaren, het aantal gezondheidsklachten toe naarmate zij vaker slachtoffer zijn van werkgerelateerde pesterijen (d.w.z. moderatie). Daarnaast bleek tevredenheid met de ontvangen sociale steun van leidinggevenden een indirect effect te hebben op de relatie tussen gepest worden en gerapporteerde gezondheidsklachten (d.w.z. mediatie). Deze effecten konden niet vastgesteld worden voor de hoeveelheid ontvangen steun. De resultaten benadrukken de noodzaak van toekomstige studies waarin extra aandacht wordt besteed aan de mate waarin een gepeste werknemer tevreden is met de ontvangen sociale steun.This survey among Belgian employees (N = 497) investigated, starting from the Michigan Stress Model, the relationships among the amount of and satisfaction with social support, being bullied in the workplace, and physical health complaints. Hierarchical regression analyses confirmed that both person-related and work-related bullying influenced perceived health of victimized employees negatively. There was some evidence for a moderation effect of satisfaction with social support: victims of work-related bullying, who experienced a lack of social support from colleagues, reported more health problems. In addition, it was found that satisfaction with received social support from supervisors affected the relationship between being bullied and health complaints indirectly (i.e., mediation). No effects were found for the amount of received support. These results emphasize the need for future studies investigating the influence of satisfaction with received social support on victimized employees.