2,148 results on '"informatik"'
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2. Die Ideale der IT-Industrie.
- Author
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Popow, Christian
- Abstract
Copyright of Pädiatrie & Pädologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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3. Geschlechtergerechtigkeit im Spannungsfeld von nachhaltiger und digitaler Transformation – eine interdisziplinäre Annäherung.
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Blättel-Mink, Birgit, Draude, Claude, Ohde, Franziska, and gen. Döhmann, Indra Spiecker
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DIGITAL transformation ,DIGITAL technology ,GENDER inequality ,EQUALITY laws ,SUSTAINABLE development ,SUSTAINABILITY - Abstract
Copyright of GENDER: Zeitschrift für Geschlecht, Kultur und Gesellschaft is the property of Verlag Barbara Budrich GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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4. Promovieren in Informatik – Eine Studie mit Doktorandinnen und Doktoranden.
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Alfermann, Dorothee and Reimann, Swantje
- Subjects
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COMPUTER science , *WOMEN in science , *CRISES , *GENDER role , *PSYCHOLOGICAL literature , *DOCTORAL students , *PSYCHOLOGICAL stress - Abstract
Abstract: The low proportion of women in computer science is the reason for the present study. For the first time in Germany, possible special features in the doctoral process of computer scientists were examined. To this end, 690 doctoral students took part in an online survey, 254 of whom stopped the survey at different times without finishing it. The data analysis is based on the 436 people (113 female doctoral students, 320 male doctoral students, 3 diverse) who finished the survey (age: M = 30.74 years, SD = 4.16). The main objectives of the study are twofold. First, the study is focused on gender comparisons in the assessed characteristics of the respondents (professional motives, gender role self-concept, self-efficacy, social support) and in the perceived process of the doctorate (finding a topic, satisfaction with supervision, estimated duration of the doctorate, perceived stress). Second, the study examines whether difficulties arose during the doctorate that led to a crisis. Small gender differences and clear differences between people with and without a crisis are expected. The results confirm expectations. There are no to small gender differences in the examined variables. In contrast, there are medium to large differences between students with and without a crisis. Doctoral students who experienced a crisis are more likely to consider dropping out, rate their professional self-efficacy significantly lower, are less satisfied with their supervisor, take longer to complete their dissertation, and rate their psychological stress significantly higher than those without a crisis. The results are discussed with regard to the literature on psychological stress symptoms of doctoral students, suggestions are made for improvements in supervision and support at universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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5. Praxisbasierte Untersuchung einer Technologie der Zukunft am Begriff des Vertrauens.
- Author
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Heidt, Michael
- Subjects
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ART & society , *CULTURAL landscapes , *CULTURAL geography , *COMPUTER science , *PHILOSOPHY , *SOCIAL facts , *BLOCKCHAINS , *RESEARCH methodology , *INQUIRY-based learning - Abstract
Code artefacts exercise a continuous influence on our lives and futures. However, the discipline of informatics has not penetrated the wider intellectual and cultural landscape to the degree disciplines such as architecture have. The project in question attempts to establish a disciplinary alliance between computer-science, philosophy, art and sociology in order to overcome these spurious divisions. To this end, I have conducted an inquiry into the relationship of Blockchain technology to the social phenomenon of trust. Methodologically the inquiry was aided by techniques of practice-based research. These intertwine poietic technological practice with continuous reflection and refinement of the conceptual apparatus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
6. Gründerzeit. Hightech und Alternativen der Wissenschaft in West-Berlin.
- Author
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Stadler, Max
- Abstract
Copyright of NTM Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Wissenschaften, Technik und Medizin is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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7. COMPAS: zu einer wegweisenden Debatte über algorithmische Risikobeurteilung.
- Author
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Räz, Tim
- Abstract
Copyright of Forensische Psychiatrie, Psychologie, Kriminologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
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8. First Working Conference on Artificial Intelligence Development for a Resilient and Sustainable Tomorrow
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Zinke-Wehlmann, Christian and Friedrich, Julia
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Computer Science ,Informatics ,Conference Proceedings ,Industry 5.0 ,Sustainability ,Human-centered ,Resilience ,Informatik ,HCI ,Ressilienz ,Tagungsband ,Industrie 5.0 ,Nachhaltigkeit ,Menschenzentrierte IT ,thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science::UYQ Artificial intelligence ,thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science::UYQ Artificial intelligence::UYQL Natural language and machine translation - Abstract
Künstliche Intelligenz ist ein Treiber der digitalen Transformation von Unternehmen, welche die gesamte Organisation, einschließlich ihrer Strukturen, Prozesse und Mitarbeitender berührt. Die AI Tomorrow Konferenz möchte die menschzentrierte Perspektive auf KI und ihren nachhaltigen Einsatz, im ökologischen wie auch ökonomischen und sozialen Sinne, stärker ins Zentrum des wissenschaftlichen Diskurses rücken. Dies ist ein Open-Access-Buch. Der Inhalt: Die Autor:innen beleuchten Aspekte der KI-Entwicklung und des Einsatzes. Nach einer Einführung zu Resilienz und Nachhaltigkeit von KI erscheinen die Beiträge entsprechend ihrer Zuordnung zu den Konferenzsessions: (I) Digital transformation of organizations or processes through AI (II) Opportunities of AI for society (III) AI supported knowledge management and learning (IV) Manufacturing and factories of the future Die Zielgruppe: Wissenschaftler:innen und Interessierte aus dem Bereich der Angewandten Informatik
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- 2024
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9. Upon Entropy
- Author
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Villa, Riccardo M., Hovestadt, Ludger, and Bühlmann, Vera
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Kommunikation ,Design ,Architektur ,Natur ,Naturwissenschaft ,Architekturtheorie ,Informatik ,Postmoderne ,Digitale Technologie ,Quantenmechanik ,Informationstheorie ,Communication ,Nature ,Natural science ,Architecture theory ,Computer Science ,Postmodernism ,Digital Technology ,Quantum Mechanics ,Information Theory ,thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AM Architecture::AMA Theory of architecture - Abstract
In his 1979 essay The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge philosopher Jean-François Lyotard noted that the advent of the computer opened up a stage of progress in which knowledge has become a commodity. Modernity and postmodernity appear as two stages of a process resulting from the conflict of science and narrative. As science attempts to distance itself from narrative, it must create its own legitimacy. This paper takes up this challenge with a focus on the question of imagery. The image is precisely what modern science seeks to free itself from in its quest for absolute transparency. This transparency is examined from the perspective of architecture, drawing on arguments from philosophy, quantum mechanics, theology and information theory. Natural science in the context of postmodernism Quantum mechanics and information theory New volume in the Applied Virtuality Book Series ; In his 1979 essay The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge philosopher Jean-François Lyotard noted that the advent of the computer opened up a stage of progress in which knowledge has become a commodity. Modernity and postmodernity appear as two stages of a process resulting from the conflict of science and narrative. As science attempts to distance itself from narrative, it must create its own legitimacy. This paper takes up this challenge with a focus on the question of imagery. The image is precisely what modern science seeks to free itself from in its quest for absolute transparency. This transparency is examined from the perspective of architecture, drawing on arguments from philosophy, quantum mechanics, theology and information theory. Natural science in the context of postmodernism Quantum mechanics and information theory New volume in the Applied Virtuality Book Series, Naturwissenschaft im Zeichen der Postmoderne Quantenmechanik und Informationstheorie Neuer Band der Reihe Applied Virtuality Book Series In seinem 1979 erschienenen Essay Das postmoderne Wissen stellte Jean-François Lyotard fest, dass die Einführung des Computers ein Stadium des Fortschritts definiert, in dem Wissen zur Ware wird. Moderne und Postmoderne erscheinen als zwei Stadien eines Prozesses, der aus dem Konflikt der Wissenschaft mit den Narrativen resultiert: Während die Wissenschaft versucht, sich vom Narrativen zu distanzieren, muss sie ihre eigene Legitimation schaffen. Die vorliegende Abhandlung greift die Herausforderung im Zeichen des Bildes auf. Das Bild ist genau das, wovon sich die moderne Wissenschaft auf der Suche nach absoluter Transparenz zu befreien versucht. Diese Transparenz wird unter architektonischen Gesichtspunkten untersucht, die von der Philosophie bis zur Quantenmechanik, von der Theologie bis zur Informationstheorie reichen.
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- 2024
10. The Digital, a Continent?
- Author
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Bühlmann, Vera
- Subjects
Kommunikation ,Design ,Architektur ,Energie ,Material ,Medium ,Natur ,Rationalismus ,Architekturtheorie ,Informatik ,Neuer Materialismus ,Digitale Technologie ,Communication ,Energy ,Media ,Nature ,Rationalism ,Architecture theory ,Computer Science ,New Materialism ,digital technology ,thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AM Architecture::AMA Theory of architecture - Abstract
In The Digital, a Continent?, the author argues in favor of a way of thinking about digital technology that draws on the new materialism. She uses photosynthesis and nuclear fission as examples of processes that are as artificial as they are natural to explain how digital technology can be viewed within the paradigm of a ""communicative physics"" in which poetics interacts with mathematical thinking. The author concludes that we can better understand ourselves and digital technology by developing notions of the multifaceted ways energy, form, and intellect interact in global architectonics. Theoretical consideration of digital technology Visual language and science New volume in the Applied Virtuality Book Series ; In The Digital, a Continent?, the author argues in favor of a way of thinking about digital technology that draws on the new materialism. She uses photosynthesis and nuclear fission as examples of processes that are as artificial as they are natural to explain how digital technology can be viewed within the paradigm of a ""communicative physics"" in which poetics interacts with mathematical thinking. The author concludes that we can better understand ourselves and digital technology by developing notions of the multifaceted ways energy, form, and intellect interact in global architectonics. Theoretical consideration of digital technology Visual language and science New volume in the Applied Virtuality Book Series, Die Autorin erörtert eine Denkweise über digitale Technik, die sich auf den neuen Materialismus stützt. The Digital, a Continent? verwendet dabei beispielhaft die Photosynthese und die Kernspaltung als ebenso künstliche wie natürliche Prozesse, um zu erklären, wie die digitale Technik im Paradigma einer „kommunikativen Physik"" gesehen werden kann und in der Poetik mit mathematischem Denken zusammenspielt. Die Autorin schlussfolgert, dass wir uns selbst und die digitale Technik besser verstehen können, wenn wir Vorstellungen davon entwickeln, wie Energie, Form und Intellekt in einer Architektonik von Welt in vielfältiger Weise zusammenspielen. Theoretische Betrachtung der digitalen Technik Bildliche Sprache und Naturwissenschaft Neuer Band der Reihe Applied Virtuality Book Series
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- 2024
11. Einsatz und Evaluation von Virtual Reality-Technologie in einem Informatik-Seminar.
- Author
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YIGITBAS, ENES
- Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic ,DIGITAL technology ,COMPUTER science ,VIRTUAL reality ,QUESTIONNAIRES - Abstract
Copyright of Hochschullehre is the property of wbv Media GmbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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12. Die Bachelorarbeit in der HAW-Informatik: Über den Verlust des Wissenschaftlichen im Sog des Praktischen, der Anwendungsorientierung und der beruflichen Praxis.
- Author
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HERZBERG, DOMINIKUS
- Subjects
COMPUTER programming ,SCIENTIFIC literature ,COMPUTER science ,APPLIED sciences ,PROFESSIONAL orientations ,GUIDEBOOKS - Abstract
Copyright of Hochschullehre is the property of wbv Media GmbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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13. Zur Schnittmenge von Informatik mit Friedens- und Sicherheitsforschung: Erfahrungen aus der interdisziplinären Lehre in der Friedensinformatik
- Author
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Reuter, Christian, Riebe, Thea, Haunschild, Jasmin, Reinhold, Thomas, and Schmid, Stefka
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- 2022
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14. Geschlechterforschungen zwischen Reflexion und Reproduktion bestehender Bilder von Informatik.
- Author
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Bläsing, Lisa Marie and Draude, Claude
- Subjects
SCIENTIFIC computing ,GENDER studies ,STUDENT participation ,SCHOOL children ,GENDER ,REFLECTIVE learning ,FEMININITY - Abstract
Copyright of Journal for Sociology of Education & Socialization / Zeitschrift für Soziologie der Erziehung & Sozialisation is the property of Julius Beltz GmbH & Co. KG Beltz Juventa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Ungleiche Präferenzen? Zum Zusammenhang von Studienfachwahl und Geschlecht aus sozialisations- und geschlechtertheoretischer Perspektive am Beispiel des Studienfachs Informatik.
- Author
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Bereswill, Mechthild, Bläsing, Lisa Marie, Draude, Claude, Kuhn, Hans Peter, Lumpp, Gabriele, and Spitzner, Josefine
- Subjects
EDUCATION policy ,SCIENTIFIC computing ,SOCIAL sciences education ,INDIVIDUAL differences ,EDUCATIONAL equalization - Abstract
Copyright of Journal for Sociology of Education & Socialization / Zeitschrift für Soziologie der Erziehung & Sozialisation is the property of Julius Beltz GmbH & Co. KG Beltz Juventa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Natural Science and Technical Peace Research: Definition, History, and Current Work.
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Reuter, Christian, Altmann, Jürgen, Göttsche, Malte, and Himmel, Mirko
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SCIENTIFIC discoveries , *TECHNOLOGICAL innovations , *NATURAL history , *PEACE , *NUCLEAR disarmament , *RESEARCH - Abstract
Scientific discoveries and technological innovations have always exerted a great influence on peace and security. New civil and military technologies are revolutionizing warfare. Particularly striking areas are cyber warfare and the rapid development of uninhabited weapon systems. Issues of nuclear disarmament, missile defence or space armament as well as chemical and biological weapons remain urgent. The conference SCIENCE · PEACE · SECURITY '19 aimed for an accurate understanding and fruitful discussions of today's and tomorrow's peace and security challenges. This includes natural science/technical as well as interdisciplinary contributions, focusing on problems of international security and peace-building as well as contributions dedicated to transparency, trust-building, arms control, disarmament, and conflict management. This special issue presents selected contributions based on discussions at the conference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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17. Künstliche Intelligenz (9): How to do ML (Teil 2).
- Author
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Quinsten, Anton S., Heße, Dominik, an der Ruhr, Mülheim, and Demircioğlu, Aydin
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COMPUTERS , *ARTIFICIAL intelligence , *MACHINE learning , *PROFESSIONAL competence , *INFORMATION science - Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a subfield of computer science (CS). International scientists and Radiographer associations agree that AI will have a significant impact on the Radiographer profession and fundamentally change the way how Radiographer work. Therefore, it is important that Radiographers enhance their competence in the field of computer science in addition to their professional competence. In the following article the authors would like to use a practicable example to present the procedure for setting up a study on machine learning (ML). The anatomical side of an image of the knee should be determined automatically by means of AI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
- Full Text
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18. Künstliche Intelligenz (9): How to do ML (Teil 1).
- Author
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Quinsten, Anton S., Heße, Dominik, and Demircioglu, Aydin
- Subjects
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COMPUTERS , *ARTIFICIAL intelligence , *MACHINE learning , *PROFESSIONAL competence , *INFORMATION science - Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a subfield of computer science (CS). International scientists and Radiographer associations agree that AI will have a significant impact on the Radiographer profession and fundamentally change the way how Radiographer work. There - fore, it is important that Radiographers enhance their competence in the field of computer science in addition to their professional competence. In the following article we would like to use a practicable example to present the procedure for setting up a study on machine learning (ML). The anatomical side of an image of the knee should be determined automatically by means of AI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
19. Evaluation eines Forschungsseminars für Sachunterrichtsstudierende und Sachunterrichtslehrkräfte am Beispiel des Inhaltsbereichs 'Sprachen und Automaten'
- Author
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Schreiber, Nico, Best, Alexander, Windt, Anna, and Thomas, Marco
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Informatik ,General Studies ,Forschendes Lernen ,Inquiry-based Learning ,Automaten ,Computer Science ,Languages ,Sprachen ,Level 3 Beiträge zur Konzeption und Gestaltung ,Sachunterricht ,Automata - Abstract
Informatische Bildung wird auch im Primarbereich immer relevanter. Um in diesem Bereich Unterricht adäquat planen und durchführen zu können, bedarf es qualifizierter Lehrkräfte, die über fachinhaltliche und fachdidaktische informatische Kompetenzen verfügen. Allerdings sind sowohl die Ausbildung angehender Sachunterrichtslehrkräfte als auch das Fortbildungsangebot in allen Phasen der Lehrer*innenbildung noch unzureichend. Dieses Ausbildungsdesiderats nimmt sich das im Folgenden beschriebene Forschungsseminar an, das von Fachdidaktiker*innen aus der Didaktik der Informatik und der Didaktik des Sachunterrichts gemeinsam entwickelt wurde. Zentrales Prinzip des Forschungsseminars war das Forschende Lernen, das zur Professionalisierung der (angehenden) Sachunterrichtslehrkräfte zum Themengebiet „Informatische Bildung“ durchgehend Anwendung fand. In diesem Beitrag werden die Ziele, das Konzept und dessen Ausgestaltung sowie die Durchführung und die Evaluation des Forschungsseminars mit 14 Seminarteilnehmenden dargestellt., Computer science education is becoming increasingly relevant at the primary education level. In order to be able to plan and conduct lessons in this field, qualified teachers are needed who have content knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge in computer science. However, both the training of prospective teachers and the further education offered in all phases of teacher training are still inadequate. The research seminar described below, which was jointly developed by educators from the didactics of computer science and the didactics of general studies, addresses this advanced training desideratum. The central principle of the research seminar was inquiry-based learning, which was applied throughout in or-der to professionalize (prospective) teachers on the topic of “informatics education”. In this paper, the aims, the concept, and its design as well as the implementation and evaluation of the research seminar with 14 learners are presented.
- Published
- 2022
20. Künstliche Intelligenz (8): Machine Learning und Deep Learning (Teil 2).
- Author
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QUINSTEN, ANTON S., HEßE, DOMINIK, and DEMIRCIOĞLU, AYDIN
- Subjects
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DEEP learning , *WORK , *MACHINE learning , *ARTIFICIAL intelligence , *PROFESSIONAL competence , *MEDICAL informatics - Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a subfield of computer science (CS). International scientists and Radiographer associations agree that AI will have a significant impact on the Radiographer profession and fundamentally change the way how Radiographer work. Therefore, it is important that Radiographers enhance their competence in the field of computer science in addition to their professional competence. There is a need for Radiographers to engage with CS in order to develop a fundamental understanding of AI so that they can integrate this into their work processes in a useful way. In the following article, we would like to give you further insights into machine learning and deep learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Mathematical and Engineering Methods in Computer Science : 7th International Doctoral Workshop, MEMICS 2011, Lednice, Czech Republic, October 14-16, 2011, Revised Selected Papers
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Zdeněk Kotásek, Jan Bouda, Ivana Cerná, Lukas Sekanina, Tomas Vojnar, David Antoš, Zdeněk Kotásek, Jan Bouda, Ivana Cerná, Lukas Sekanina, Tomas Vojnar, and David Antoš
- Subjects
- Kongress--2011.--Lednice, Conference proceedings, Computer science--Congresses, Computer science--Mathematics--Congresses, Software engineering--Congresses, Computer science, Computer science--Mathematics, Software engineering, Informatik, Theoretische Informatik
- Abstract
This volume constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 7th International Doctoral Workshop on Mathematical and Engineering Methods in Computer Science, MEMICS 2011, held in Lednice, Czech Republic, on October 14-16, 2011. The 13 revised full papers presented together with 6 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 38 submissions. The papers address all current issues of mathematical and engineering methods in computer science, especially: software and hardware dependability, computer security, computer-aided analysis and verification, testing and diagnostics, simulation, parallel and distributed computing, grid computing, computer networks, modern hardware and its design, non-traditional computing architectures, software engineering, computational intelligence, quantum information processing, computer graphics and multimedia, signal, text, speech, and image processing, and theoretical computer science.
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- 2012
22. Belonging uncertainty as predictor of dropout intentions among first-semester students of the computer sciences.
- Author
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Höhne, Elisabeth and Zander, Lysann
- Abstract
Copyright of Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Künstliche Intelligenz (7): Machine Learning und Deep Learning (1).
- Author
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Quinsten, Anton S., Heße, Dominik, and Demircioğlu, Aydin
- Subjects
- *
ARTIFICIAL intelligence , *DEEP learning , *MACHINE learning , *COMPUTER science , *PROFESSIONAL competence - Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a subfield of computer science (CS). International scientists and Radiographer associations agree that AI will have a significant impact on the Radiographer profession and fundamentally change the way how Radiographer work. There - fore, it is important that Radiographers enhance their competence in the field of computer science in addition to their professional competence. There is a need for Radiographers to engage with CS in order to develop a fundamental understanding of AI so that they can integrate this into their work processes in a useful way. In the following article, we would like to give you an insight into machine learning and deep learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Künstliche Intelligenz (6): Big Data und Data Science.
- Author
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Quinsten, Anton S., Heße, Dominik, and Demircioğlu, Aydin
- Subjects
- *
ARTIFICIAL intelligence , *PROFESSIONAL competence , *COMPUTER science , *RADIOLOGIC technologists , *BIG data - Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a subfield of computer science (CS). International scientists and Radiographer associations agree that AI will have a significant impact on the Radiographer profession and fundamentally change the way how Radiographer work. Therefore, it is important that Radiographers enhance their competence in the field of computer science in addition to their professional competence. There is a need for Radiographers to engage with CS in order to develop a fundamental understanding of AI so that they can integrate this into their work processes in a useful way. In the following article, we would like to give you an insight into big data and data science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Künstliche Intelligenz (Teil 5) IT-Gesamtarchitektur im Krankenhaus.
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Quinsten, Anton S. and Heße, Dominik
- Subjects
- *
ARTIFICIAL intelligence , *PROFESSIONAL competence , *COMPUTER science , *RADIOLOGIC technologists , *PROFESSIONS - Abstract
Artificial intelligence(AI) is a subfield of computer science(CS). International scientists and Radiographer associations agree that AI will have a significant impact on the Radiographer profession and fundamentally change the way how Radiographer work. There - fore, it is important that Radiographers enhance their competence in the field of computer science in addition to their professional competence. There is a need for Radiographers to engage with CS in order to develop a fundamental understanding of AI so that they can integrate this into their work processes in a useful way. In the following article, we would like to give you an insight into how RIS, PACS and KIS are networked with each other in the hospital to ensure interoperability. Furthermore, we explain how data, which form the basis for the use of AI are collected, processed and stored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Überlegungen zu einer gemeinsamen Fachdidaktik Medien & Informatik
- Author
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Regez Adrian, Hürzeler Daniel, Michel Markus, Reber Corinne, and Schär Sonja
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Informatik ,Media ,Informatics ,Medien & Informatik ,Medien ,Fachdidaktik ,Computer Science ,Perspektivrahmen ,Subject-Specific Education - Abstract
Das Dokument Überlegungen einer gemeinsamen Fachdidaktik Medien & Informatik wurde im Auftrag der Schulleitung der PHBern im Rahmen des strategischen Programms PG4 Fachdidaktiken verfasst. Das Projekt trägt die die Nummer PG4_28. Es ist die Weiterführung des Projekts PG4_23 Perspektivrahmen Medien & Informatik welches unter dem Titel Grundlagen eines Perspektivrahmens Medien & Informatik 2022 veröffentlicht (Regez, Schär et al.) und im selben Jahr sowohl an der Rigitagung, als auch an der 5. Tagung Fachdidaktiken in Locarno präsentiert und diskutiert wurde. Aus letzterem entstand die Publikation Überlegungen zu einem Perspektivrahmen Medien & Informatik (Regez, Conk et al., 2022). Die Überlegungen einer gemeinsamen Fachdidaktik Medien & Informatik sind eine Reaktion auf die Entwicklungen im Lehrplan der Deutschschweizer Schulen (Deutschschweizer Erziehungsdirektoren-Konferenz [D-EDK], 2016; Erziehungsdirektion des Kantons Bern [ERZ], 2016b), welche in Bezug auf die gesellschaftsprägenden Veränderungen aufgrund der Medialisierung und Digitalisierung gemacht wurden. Das vorliegende Dokument präsentiert Überlegungen wie der noch junge Fachbereich Medien & Informatik verstanden (⇾ Teil 1) und gemeinsam unterrichtet (⇾ Teil 2) werden kann. Die vorliegende Arbeit richtet sich in erster Linie an Dozierende der PHBern und hat zum Ziel eine institutsübergreifende Grundlage für Diskussionen beziehungsweise Weiterentwicklungen im Fachbereich zu legen, Begriffe zu klären und den Austausch innerhalb des Fachbereichs Medien & Informatik anzuregen. Das Dokument spricht alle Aus- beziehungsweise Weiterbildungsinstitute der PHBern an, wobei sich Teil 2 spezifisch an den Gegebenheiten in der Volksschule orientiert und so vor allem Dozierende des Instituts Primarstufe (IPS), Sekundarstufe I (IS1), Heilpädagogik (IHP) sowie Weiterbildung und Dienstleistungen (IWD) anspricht. Dass die Sekundarstufe II in Teil 2 nicht spezifisch berücksichtigt wird, lässt sich damit erklären, dass der gymnasiale Lehrplan (ERZ, 2016a) die Fachbereiche Medien und In-formatik separat angeht, wobei Medienkompetenzen in verschiedenen Fachbereichen integrativ vermit-telt werden und die Informatikkompetenzen seit 2018 mit dem obligatorischen Fach Informatik (OFI) über ein eigenes Zeitgefäss verfügen. Trotzdem können die meisten Inhalte auch für Dozierende des Instituts Sekundarstufe II (IS2) relevant sein. Integraler Bestandteil des Projekts war der Einbezug von Expertise aus dem Institut für Heilpädagogik (IHP), welche dabei geholfen hat, den Blick auf Inklusion zu schärfen, um somit die Überlegungen einer gemeinsamen Fachdidaktik Medien & Informatik ganzheitlich zu denken. Das vorliegende Dokument wurde in Zusammenarbeit verschiedener Mitglieder des Fachbereichs Medien & Informatik sowie Expert*innen anderer Institute der PHBern entwickelt, wobei die Inhalte dank sinnstiftenden Rückmeldungen immer wieder neu diskutiert und angepasst wurden. All jenen, welche zum Gelingen des Projekts beigetragen haben, sei an dieser Stelle herzlich gedankt.
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27. 11 Prinzipien guten Medien & Informatik Unterrichts: Ein Diskussionsanstoss
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Daniel, Hürzeler, Markus, Michel, Reber Corinne, Adrian, Regez, Schär Sonja, and Pascal, Zaugg
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Informatik ,Media ,Informatics ,Medien & Informatik ,Medien ,Computer Science ,Perspektivrahmen - Abstract
Unsere Arbeits- und Lebenswelt ist stark mit digitaler Infrastruktur durchdrungen. Beispielsweise ist das Internet für die meisten Schüler*innen „eine Infrastruktur, die sie wie Wasser- oder Stromnetze als gegeben voraussetzen“ (Stalder, 2020). Mit einer sich wandelnden digitalen Infrastruktur verbunden sind gesellschaftliche und kulturelle Transformationsprozesse, wobei sich technische Entwicklungen und kulturelle Veränderungen gegenseitig beeinflussen. Diese Prozesse haben auch „Einfluss auf Schule, Unterricht und Schüler*innen. Die Nutzung [und Gestaltung Anm. Autor*innen] von digitalen Medien- und Computertechnologien hat sich als Schlüsselkompetenz in der Gesellschaft etabliert, genauso wie Lesen, Schreiben und Rechnen” (Deutschschweizer Erziehungsdirektoren-Konferenz [D-EDK], 2016). Diese umfassende gesellschaftliche Bedeutung führte dazu, dass Medien & Informatik im Lehrplan 21 als Modul angelegt ist und damit in allen Fachbereichen thematisiert wird (D-EDK, 2016). Dass nicht ein Fach allein für die Vermittlung von Medien- und Informatikkompetenzen zuständig ist, sondern die Verantwortung gleichzeitig auch bei den anderen Fachbereichen liegt, ist eine Herausforderung (Herzig & Martin, 2020). Es müssen „abgestimmte schulische Lerngelegenheiten geschaffen werden […], die in der Summe der Beiträge aller Unterrichtsfächer einen umfassenden Kompetenzerwerb ermöglichen“ (Herzig & Martin, 2020, S. 283). Diesen umfassenden Kompetenzerwerb streben die 11 Prinzipien für guten Medien & Informatik Unterricht an und kommen deshalb nicht nur in den vorgesehenen Medien & Informatik-Lektion (im Kanton Bern für die 5.-7. und 9. Klasse) zum Tragen, sondern auch überall da, wo Medien & Informatik integriert in anderen Fachbereichen unterrichtet wird. Guter Medien & Informatik Unterricht orientiert sich zuallererst am übergeordneten Bildungsauftrag der Volksschule. Bildung wird dabei als offener, lebenslanger und aktiv gestalteter Entwicklungsprozess des Menschen verstanden, der es dem Einzelnen ermöglicht „seine Potentiale in geistiger, kultureller und lebenspraktischer Hinsicht zu erkunden, sie zu entfalten und über die Auseinandersetzung mit sich und der Umwelt eine eigene Identität zu entwickeln“ (D-EDK, 2016). Ein solches Bildungsverständnis, dass die Mündigkeit und Emanzipation der Schüler*innen im Hinblick auf die formulierten Bildungsziele ins Zentrum stellt, liegt allen 11 Prinzipien zu Grunde. Des Weiteren orientiert sich guter Medien & Informatik Unterricht an den allgemeindidaktischen Merkmalen guten Unterrichts (siehe beispielsweise Meyer, 2021). Auf eine erneute Formulierung dieser Grundsätze wird deshalb verzichtet. Die 11 Prinzipien gehen auf Aspekte ein, die den Autor*innen insbesondere für den Medien & Informatik Unterricht als wichtig erscheinen. Dabei sind die formulierten Prinzipien nicht trennscharf. Sie stehen in einem wechselwirkenden Verhältnis zueinander. Die gleichzeitige Berücksichtigung aller 11 Prinzipien ein hoher Anspruch. Wir empfehlen deshalb im eigenen Unterricht mit dem Umsetzen einiger weniger Prinzipien zu starten und dann Schritt für Schritt weitere Prinzipien zu berücksichtigen. Um einen ersten Einstieg zu erleichtern sind enthalten alle Prinzipien kurze Beispiele. Diese Beispiele sind nicht als abschliessend sondern exemplarisch und inspirierend zu verstehen. Die Prinzipien knüpfen an die beiden Grundlagenpapiere Grundlagen eines Perspektivrahmens Medien & Informatik (Regez et al., 2022) sowie Überlegungen zu einer gemeinsamen Fachdidaktik Medien & Informatik (Regez et al., 2023) an. Allen, die weiter in die Thematik einer Fachdidaktik Medien & Informatik eintauchen wollen, sind diese Dokumente zur weiteren Lektüre empfohlen.
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28. Implizite Wissensstrukturen und der Transfer neuer Inhalte in den Sachunterricht. Orientierungen und Distinktionsakte von Studierenden in Bezug auf Informatik
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Brämer, Martin, Stammerjohann, Peter, and Köster, Hilde
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Primary school science and social studies ,Informatics ,Teacher education ,Teachers' training ,Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen ,Gruppendiskussion ,Fachdidaktiken ,Group discussion ,Computer science ,Student teachers ,Education ,Informatik ,Instruction in natural science subjects ,ddc:370 ,Medienpädagogik ,Germany ,Lehrerbildung ,Lehramtsstudent ,Primary education ,Primarbereich ,Deutschland ,Primary level ,Sachunterricht - Abstract
Der Beitrag zeigt anhand von Untersuchungsergebnissen, dass Studierenden informatisches Wissen zwar als grundsätzlich positiv und relevant für die Lernenden und das Leben allgemein einstufen. Bei genauer Betrachtung lassen sich dann allerdings deutliche Unterschiede bei den Befragten erkennen. So grenzt sich z. B. ein Großteil der befragten Studierenden trotz positiver Einschätzung vom Gegenstand ‚Informatik‘ selbst ab. (DIPF/Orig.) The study, conducted at the Freie Universität Berlin in the BMBF-funded project K2teach (Quality Offensive Teacher Education), focuses on the orientations of students of Social Studies and Science in Primary Education that are particularly relevant for the transfer of computational content and, with reference to Bourdieu’s theory of habitus, on so-called acts of distinction. These were reconstructed by analyzing group discussions using the documentary method, supplemented by an ethnographic approach to gesture research. The article presents the initial results as well as their implementation in higher education didactics. (DIPF/Orig.)
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29. Geschlechtergerechtigkeit im Spannungsfeld von nachhaltiger und digitaler Transformation: eine interdisziplinäre Annäherung
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Ohde, Franziska, Blättel-Mink, Birgit, Draude, Claude, and Spiecker gen. Döhmann, Indra
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Digitalisierung ,inequality ,Ungleichheit ,UNO ,computer science ,Gleichstellung ,digitalization ,gender-specific factors ,Ziele für nachhaltige Entwicklung ,DSGVO ,Sustainable Development Goals ,SDGs ,GDPR ,gender ,social justice ,equal opportunity policy ,Social sciences, sociology, anthropology ,affirmative action ,data protection ,Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie ,sustainable development ,Nachhaltigkeit ,Geschlecht ,soziale Gerechtigkeit ,Datenschutz ,sustainability ,Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung ,Informatik ,nachhaltige Entwicklung ,geschlechtsspezifische Faktoren ,ddc:300 ,Women's Studies, Feminist Studies, Gender Studies ,Gleichstellungspolitik - Abstract
Die Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) der Vereinten Nationen streben anhand von SDG 5 danach, die Gleichheit der Geschlechter im globalen Kontext herzustellen. Wir zeigen, dass der aktuelle, global angelegte Nachhaltigkeitsdiskurs nicht nur blinde Flecken im Hinblick auf die konsequente Bekämpfung geschlechtsspezifischer Ungleichheiten aufweist, sondern auch einen wenig reflektierten Umgang mit der digitalen Transformation pflegt. Mögliche Ansätze zur Bewältigung des identifizierten Spannungsfeldes sehen wir in einer gendersensiblen IT-Gestaltung, einem digitalen Gleichstellungsgesetz und der konsequenten Bewertung von Folgen der globalen Nachhaltigkeitspolitik und -forschung im Hinblick auf Diskriminierung. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim to achieve gender equality through SDG 5. We show that current global discourses on sustainability not only have blind spots when it comes to the mechanisms of (re)producing gender inequality but that digital transformation processes are also insufficiently reflected on. We see gender-sensitive IT design, a digital equality law and rigorous impact assessments of global sustainability politics and research on discrimination as possible approaches to resolving this tension.
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30. Variability management in a robotics software ecosystem based on dependency variability graphs for modeling, composing and resolving multi-dimensional variability spaces
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Blender, Timo, Schlegel, Christian, and Berns, Karsten
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Informatik ,Serviceroboter ,ddc:000 ,DDC 620 / Engineering & allied operations ,Modellgetriebene Entwicklung ,Servicerobotik ,Softwarevariabilität ,ddc:620 ,Variabilitätsmanagement ,DDC 000 / Computer science, information & general works ,Computer science - Abstract
Service robots are complex, software-intensive systems that must handle their tasks in a robust and reliable way in dynamic environments. Due to these complexities, structures and tools must exist that support the development of service robot systems for service robot applications sensibly. The resulting reduced effort of the development shall justify the deployment of robot technologies for many users from an economical perspective. This is the goal of a robotics software ecosystem. A robotics software ecosystem relies on a building block principle. That means, service robot sys- tems can be composed out of reusable software building blocks. Likewise, the principle of separation of roles is of central importance so that the development process can be divided to different persons with different tasks according to their respective expertise. Different building blocks and systems respectively have different properties (in particular non- functional properties) and various applications have various requirements related to these properties. The matching of these two forms of variability taking into account the variability of an environment is the task of variability management in a robotics software ecosystem. By this, the development of service robotic systems is not just supported somehow but requirement-related. This thesis provides a general method for the variability management in a robotics software ecosystem and includes the modeling of building blocks and their properties, the composition of the properties of composed systems in dependence of the available configuration variants and states of the environment, the specification of requirements as well as the determination of an adequate (composed) variant according to the current situation. The application of the models that can be created based on the methodological blueprint by build- ing block developers allow for an automatic configuration of customized robotic systems according to the requirements of the end users. In addition, the principles of composition and separation of roles supported by the general method ensure that the effort of creating such models for the building block developers is significantly reduced. The thesis thus contributes to the general goal of a robotics software ecosystem mentioned above., Serviceroboter sind komplexe, softwareintensive Systeme, die ihre Aufgaben robust und zuverlässig in dynamischen Umgebungen bewältigen müssen. Aufgrund dieser Komplexitäten müssen Strukturen und Werkzeuge existieren, die die Entwicklung von Servicerobotersystemen für Serviceroboteran- wendungen sinnvoll unterstützen. Der daraus resultierende reduzierte Aufwand der Entwicklung soll den Einsatz von Robotertechnologie für viele Anwender aus ökonomischer Sicht rechtfertigen. Dieses Ziel hat ein Robotik Software Ökosystem. Ein Robotik Software Ökosystem setzt auf ein Baukastenprinzip, das heißt, Servicerobotersys- teme können aus wiederverwendbaren Softwarebausteinen zusammengesetzt werden. Ebenfalls ist das Prinzip der Rollentrennung von zentraler Bedeutung, so dass der Entwicklungsprozess auf ver- schiedene Personen mit unterschiedlichen, ihrer Expertise entsprechenden, Aufgaben verteilt ist. Unterschiedliche Bausteine beziehungsweise Systeme besitzen unterschiedliche Eigenschaften (insbesondere nicht-funktionale Eigenschaften) und verschiedene Anwendungen haben verschiedene Anforderungen bezüglich dieser Eigenschaften. Das Abgleichen dieser beiden Formen von Variabil- ität unter Berücksichtigung der Variabilität einer Umgebung ist die Aufgabe von Variabilitätsmanage- ment in einem Robotik Software Ökosystem. Damit wird die Entwicklung von Servicerobotersyste- men nicht nur irgendwie, sondern anforderungsbezogen unterstützt. Diese Arbeit liefert eine allgemeine Methode für das Variabilitätsmanagement in einem Robotik Software Ökosystem und umfasst das Modellieren von Bausteinen und deren Eigenschaften, das Zusammensetzen der Eigenschaften für zusammengesetzte Systeme in Abhängigkeit der vorhandenen Konfigurationsvarianten und Zuständen der Umgebung, das Spezifizieren der Anforderungen sowie das Ermitteln einer angemessenen, der aktuellen Situation entsprechenden (zusammengesetzten) Vari- ante. Die Modelle, die auf Basis der methodischen Blaupause durch Bausteinentwickler erstellt wer- den können, ermöglichen eine automatische Konfiguration von maßgeschneiderten Robotiksystemen entsprechend der Anforderungen von Endnutzern. Darüberhinaus sorgen die durch die allgemeine Methode unterstützten Prinzipien der Komposition und Rollentrennung dafür, dass der Aufwand der Entwicklung solcher Modelle für die Bausteinentwickler maßgeblich reduziert wird. Damit trägt die Arbeit zu dem oben genannten allgemeinen Ziel eines Robotik Software Ökosystems bei.
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31. Künstliche Intelligenz in der Hochschulbildung. Chancen und Grenzen des KI-gestützten Lernens und Lehrens
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Schmohl, Tobias [Hrsg.] <GND:1081798238> <ORCID:0000-0002-7043-5582>, Watanabe, Alice [Hrsg.], and Schelling, Kathrin [Hrsg.] <GND:1141237466>
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Artificial intelligence ,Technology ,Informatics ,Technological development ,Akzeptanz ,Digitale Medien ,370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen ,Wissenschaftliches Schreiben ,Academic studies ,Male student ,Hochschulbildung ,Multidisziplinarität ,Higher education lecturing ,Chatten ,Digitalization ,Didaktik ,Pädagogik ,Training method ,370 Education ,Student ,Sciences of education ,Computer game ,Digitalisierung ,Studium ,Ethik ,Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen ,Computerspiel ,Educational research ,Academic sector ,Technologieunterstütztes Lernen ,Education ,University teaching ,ddc:370 ,Medienpädagogik ,Medien ,Schreibkompetenz ,Higher education ,Hochschulforschung und Hochschuldidaktik ,Bildungsforschung ,Ethics ,Writing ability ,University ,Pedagogics ,Universität ,Hochschule ,Higher education institute ,Technik ,Computer science ,Learning Analytics ,Informatik ,Acceptance ,Forschendes Lernen ,Künstliche Intelligenz ,University level of education ,Technology uses in education ,Hochschullehre ,Technologische Entwicklung ,Bildung ,University lecturing - Abstract
Bielefeld : transcript 2023, 283 S. - (Hochschulbildung: Lehre und Forschung; 4), Der Einsatz von Künstlicher Intelligenz erfährt in hochschuldidaktischen Kontexten wachsendes Interesse. Durch individualisierte Lernwege ergeben sich für Studierende und Dozierende neue Lern-Lehr-Möglichkeiten. Der Band befasst sich jedoch auch mit den daraus resultierenden Gefahren: Es sind Demarkationslinien zu ziehen, wenn es um Datenschutz oder ethische Bedenken geht. Die Autor*innen des Bandes nehmen verschiedene Sichtweisen ein, um eine multidisziplinäre Betrachtung der neuen Problemstellungen, die die Anwendung von KI im Hochschulkontext mit sich bringt, zu ermöglichen. (DIPF/Orig.), Higher education teaching contexts are becoming increasingly interested in the use of artificial intelligence. Individualized learning paths give students and lecturers new opportunities for learning and teaching. The volume, however, also covers the risks that follow: There must be clear boundaries when it comes to privacy or ethical issues. To enable a multidisciplinary view of the new issues raised by the application of AI in the university context, the volume's authors adopt various vantage points. (Editors)
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32. Herausforderungen und Zukunftsperspektiven für den Sachunterricht
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Schmeinck, Daniela [Hrsg.] <GND:129713511>, Michalik, Kerstin [Hrsg.] <GND:128749601> <ORCID:0000-0003-0258-7688>, and Goll, Thomas [Hrsg.] <GND:132493624> <ORCID:0000-0003-0772-1524>
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Medienkompetenz ,Fachdidaktik ,Use of media ,Civic education ,Digitale Medien ,Media competence ,370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen ,Elementary School ,Resilienz ,Sustainable development ,Learning process ,Germany ,Germany-GDR ,Lehrer ,Demokratische Erziehung ,Primary school ,Inclusion ,Augmented Reality ,Nachhaltigkeit ,Anwendung ,Spielerisches Lernen ,Studie ,Digitalization ,Political education ,FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion ,Sustainability ,%22">Einstellung ,History of education ,Fachlichkeit ,Testentwicklung ,Lehramtsstudent ,Primary level ,Bildungsgeschichte ,Grundschulpädagogik ,Kompetenz ,Digitalisierung ,Politik ,Naturwissenschaftlicher Unterricht ,Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen ,Kulturelle Bildung ,Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung ,Lernen ,Specialized didactics ,Media skills ,Education ,ddc:370 ,Test format ,Globales Lernen ,Politische Bildung ,Lehrerbildung ,Innovation ,Deutschland ,Leitfadeninterview ,Kulturwissenschaft ,Fachdidaktiken ,Deployment of media ,Materielle Kultur ,Teaching of science ,Computer science ,Informatik ,Systematic Review ,Inklusion ,Elementarbereich ,Cultural science ,Informatics ,Primary school lower level ,Schulpädagogik ,Deutschland-DDR ,Einstellung ,Instruction in natural science subjects ,Nutrition education ,Media policy ,Heimatkunde ,Local studies ,Primary education ,Sachunterricht ,Außerschulisches Lernen ,Subject didactics ,Competency ,Primary school science and social studies ,Citizenship education ,Politics ,Cultural education ,Student teachers ,Unwissenheit ,Sexualerziehung ,Medieneinsatz ,Sexualkunde ,Playing ,370 Education ,Lernprozess ,Teaching of basic technology ,Learning by playing ,Computer game ,Global learning ,Teacher education ,Teachers' training ,Ungewissheit ,Computerspiel ,Natural sciences lessons ,Democratic education ,Globalisierung ,Learning ,Partizipation ,Primary school education ,Primarbereich ,Grundschule ,Ernährungserziehung ,Instruction in engineering ,Technikunterricht ,Teacher ,Nachhaltige Entwicklung ,Sex studies ,Philosophie ,Elementary education sector ,Virtuelle Realität ,Primary school pedagogics ,Medienpolitik ,Philosophy ,Sex education ,Demokratische Bildung ,History of educational activities ,Globalization - Abstract
Bad Heilbrunn : Verlag Julius Klinkhardt 2023, 216 S. - (Probleme und Perspektiven des Sachunterrichts; 33), Unsere heutige Welt ist durch einen beschleunigten gesellschaftlichen, technologischen und digitalen Wandel sowie eine Pluralität von Lebensentwürfen und Lebensstilen geprägt. Diese Entwicklungen bieten für das Lehren und Lernen im Sachunterricht neue Möglichkeiten, gleichzeitig stellen sie den Sachunterricht jedoch auch vor neue Herausforderungen. Wie müssen Bildungs- und Lernprozesse im Hinblick auf eine demokratische, pluralistische und durch Digitalität geprägte Gesellschaft und auf eine nicht vorhersehbare Zukunft gestaltet werden, um Schüler*innen darauf vorzubereiten, mit Vielfalt, Ungewissheit und Komplexität kritisch und konstruktiv umzugehen? Welche Innovationen des Sachunterrichts und seiner Didaktik sind dafür notwendig? Der vorliegende Band beleuchtet die Herausforderungen und Zukunftsperspektiven für den Sachunterricht in Bezug auf die Digitalisierung und Digitalität, auf Nachhaltigkeit und Bildung für Nachhaltige Entwicklung, auf Demokratiebildung und politische Bildung, auf Ungewissheit, Nicht-Wissen und Infragestellen bisheriger Gewissheiten sowie unter perspektivenübergreifenden und perspektivenbezogenen Fragestellungen. (DIPF/Orig.)
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33. Wissenschaftsdidaktik II. Einzelne Disziplinen
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Reinmann, Gabi [Hrsg.] <GND:12302384X> and Rhein, Rüdiger [Hrsg.] <GND:123594669> <ORCID:0000-0003-1746-2183>
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Hermeneutics ,Professionalization ,Informatics ,Fachdidaktik ,Sportwissenschaft ,Naturwissenschaften ,Paradigma ,Higher education teacher ,370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen ,Lehrerbildner ,Engineering science ,Wissenschaftlichkeit ,Academic studies ,Reflexion ,Psychology ,Legal sciences ,University-teachers ,Allgemeine Erziehungswissenschaft ,Hochschulbildung ,Legal science ,Historisches Denken ,Professionalisierung ,Subject didactics ,Hochschuldidaktik ,Fachwissenschaft ,Kunstwissenschaft ,Academic research ,FOS: Social sciences ,Theory Practice Relationship ,Methodologie ,Teacher educators ,Didaktik ,FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion ,FOS: Psychology ,Branch of science ,Science of history ,University teacher ,Mathematik ,Natural sciences ,Training method ,370 Education ,Lehramtsstudiengang ,Studium ,Design ,Teacher education ,Teachers' training ,Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen ,Higher education lecturer ,Science ,Hochschullehrer ,%22">Reflexion ,Educational research ,Academic sector ,Scientific character ,Specialized didactics ,Social sciences ,Education ,Rechtswissenschaft ,University didactics ,ddc:370 ,Sciences ,Sozialwissenschaften ,FOS: Mathematics ,Hochschulforschung ,Lehrerbildung ,Higher education ,Hochschulforschung und Hochschuldidaktik ,Bildungsforschung ,Geschichtswissenschaft ,University ,Wissenschaftsdisziplin ,Field of science ,Universität ,Methodology ,Ingenieurwissenschaft ,Preservice Teacher Education ,Philosophie ,Computer science ,Hermeneutik ,Informatik ,Philosophy ,Psychologie ,University level of education ,Theorie-Praxis-Beziehung ,Wissenschaft ,Mathematics ,FOS: Natural sciences - Abstract
Bielefeld : transcript Verlag 2023, 384 S. - (Wissenschaftsdidaktik; 2), In der Wissenschaft sind Erkenntnisziele, aber auch ein spezieller Weltaufschluss angelegt. Diesen zu vermitteln ist Aufgabe der Wissenschaftsdidaktik. Was aber bedeutet es, Wissenschaft institutionell zu einem Gegenstand des Lehrens und Lernens zu machen? Die Beitragenden des Bandes liefern disziplinübergreifende Antworten auf diese grundlegende Frage und untersuchen aus ihren fachwissenschaftlichen Perspektiven, wie Lehren, Studieren und wissenschaftliches Denken und Handeln disziplinär zusammenhängen. Hochschullehrende sowie praktisch und forschend tätige Personen finden hier leichten Zugang zur Wissenschaftsdidaktik und ihren innovativen Erkenntnispotentialen. (DIPF/Orig.)
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34. Model inspections in the engineering of collaborative cyber-physical systems with instance-level review diagrams
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Jennifer Brings, Thorsten Weyer, and Marian Daun
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Informatik ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Cyber-physical system ,Software engineering ,business ,Software - Abstract
Model inspections are important to ensure high-quality software and to satisfy legal obligations in model-based engineering processes. As model-based specifications are typically documented on type-level, errors concerning the interactions between multiple system instances can go unnoticed. For collaborative cyber-physical systems (CPS), a plethora of possible instance-level configurations need to be taken into account. Therefore, we propose the definition of instance-level review diagrams that show representative interactions of instance-level configurations that help detect defects in the system specification. To evaluate the approach, we conducted a controlled experiment whose results indicate that instance-level review diagrams have—compared with type-level diagrams—important positive effects on reviewing processes for behavioral specifications of CPS. Specifically, the experiment provides empirical evidence that instance-level review diagrams are significantly more expressive and effective than type-level diagrams.
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- 2023
35. Starting Conversations with Search Engines -- Interfaces that Elicit Natural Language Queries
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Norbert Fuhr, Daniel Hienert, Alfred Sliwa, Dagmar Kern, Andrea Papenmeier, and Ahmet Aker
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FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Information retrieval ,Interface (Java) ,Computer science ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Information needs ,02 engineering and technology ,E-commerce ,User input ,Computer Science - Information Retrieval ,Informatik ,Search engine ,020204 information systems ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Product (category theory) ,business ,050107 human factors ,Natural language ,Information Retrieval (cs.IR) ,User-centered design - Abstract
Search systems on the Web rely on user input to generate relevant results. Since early information retrieval systems, users are trained to issue keyword searches and adapt to the language of the system. Recent research has shown that users often withhold detailed information about their initial information need, although they are able to express it in natural language. We therefore conduct a user study (N = 139) to investigate how four different design variants of search interfaces can encourage the user to reveal more information. Our results show that a chatbot-inspired search interface can increase the number of mentioned product attributes by 84% and promote natural language formulations by 139% in comparison to a standard search bar interface., Comment: In CHIIR '21: Proceedings of the 2021 Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval
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- 2023
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36. Early Computer Science Education. Goals and Success Criteria for Pre-Primary and Primary Education
- Author
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Bergner, Nadine, Köster, Hilde, Magenheim, Johannes, Müller, Kathrin, Romeike, Ralf, Schroeder, Ulrike, Schulte, Carsten, and 'Haus der kleinen Forscher' Foundation [Hrsg.]
- Subjects
Pädagogik der frühen Kindheit ,Gutachten ,Computer science lessons ,Professionalization ,Informatics ,Ziel ,Empfehlung ,Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen ,Angebot ,Informatikunterricht ,Primary school lower level ,Kindertagesstätte ,370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen ,Fachdidaktik/mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Fächer ,Elementary School ,Education ,Day nursery ,ddc:370 ,Expert report ,Teaching of computer science ,Primary school education ,Computer studies ,Grundschule ,Professionalisierung ,Primary school ,Early childhood education ,Stiftung ,Computer science ,Primary school pedagogics ,Informatik ,Frühpädagogik ,370 Education ,Erfolgsfaktor ,Grundschulpädagogik - Abstract
Opladen; Berlin; Toronto : Verlag Barbara Budrich 2023, 338 S. - (Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zur Arbeit der Stiftung „Haus der kleinen Forscher“; 9), “Scientific Studies on the Work of the ‘Haus der kleinen Forscher’ Foundation” is a regularly published series of scientific reports authored by distinguished experts from the field of early education. This series serves to pursue professional dialogue between the Foundation, academia and practice, with the aim of lending sound support to all child-care centres, after-school care centres and primary schools in Germany in their educational mission. This ninth volume of the series, with a foreword by Ilan Chabay, deals with the goals and requirements of computer science education in the elementary and primary sector. In their expert report, Nadine Bergner, Hilde Köster, Johannes Magenheim, Kathrin Müller, Ralf Romeike, Ulrik Schroeder and Carsten Schulte specify the pedagogical and content-related goal dimensions of computer science education at child-care centres and primary schools. In addition to establishing a theoretical basis for various goal dimensions, the authors discuss the success criteria for effective and efficient early computer science education in practice. They also provide recommendations for the further development of the Foundation’s offerings and scientific accompaniment of the work of the Foundation in the field of computer science. In their expert recommendation, Nadine Bergner and Kathrin Müller describe a selection of informatics systems for children at child-care centres and primary schools and offer suggestions for particularly suitable systems and their use in elementary and primary education based on professional criteria. The final chapter of the volume describes the implementation of these professional recommendations in the programmes of the “Haus der kleinen Forscher” Foundation – with and without computers. (DIPF/Verlag)
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- 2023
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37. Keep Me in the Loop:Real-Time Feedback with Multimodal Data
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Hendrik Drachsler, Jan Schneider, Daniele Di Mitri, RS-Research Line Online Learning and Instruction (part of ERA program), and Department of Online Learning and Instruction
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Artificial intelligence ,Informatics ,Data processing Computer science ,Computer science ,Tutorensystem ,Multimodal data ,Medizin ,Cpr training ,GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS ,Field (computer science) ,Education ,Tutorial system ,InformationSystems_GENERAL ,Human–computer interaction ,SUPPORT ,KNOWLEDGE ,TUTOR ,computer.programming_language ,ANALYTICS ,Cardiopulmonary resuscitation ,Educational technology ,PERFORMANCE ,Intelligent tutoring systems ,Trainingsprogramm ,Informatik ,Recurrent neural network ,Tutors ,Computational Theory and Mathematics ,CARDIOPULMONARY-RESUSCITATION ,Recurrent neural networks ,Künstliche Intelligenz ,Real-time feedback ,Medicine ,Audio feedback ,Training program ,Performance indicator ,ddc:004 ,computer - Abstract
This paper describes the CPR Tutor, a real-time multimodal feedback system for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training. The CPR Tutor detects training mistakes using recurrent neural networks. The CPR Tutor automatically recognises and assesses the quality of the chest compressions according to five CPR performance indicators. It detects training mistakes in real-time by analysing a multimodal data stream consisting of kinematic and electromyographic data. Based on this assessment, the CPR Tutor provides audio feedback to correct the most critical mistakes and improve the CPR performance. The mistake detection models of the CPR Tutor were trained using a dataset from 10 experts. Hence, we tested the validity of the CPR Tutor and the impact of its feedback functionality in a user study involving additional 10 participants. The CPR Tutor pushes forward the current state of the art of real-time multimodal tutors by providing: (1) an architecture design, (2) a methodological approach for delivering real-time feedback using multimodal data and (3) a field study on real-time feedback for CPR training. This paper details the results of a field study by quantitatively measuring the impact of the CPR Tutor feedback on the performance indicators and qualitatively analysing the participants’ questionnaire answers.
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- 2022
38. Künstliche Intelligenz: Gefahren im Internet.
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Quinsten, Anton S. and Heße, Dominik
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- *
ARTIFICIAL intelligence , *COMPUTER science , *PROFESSIONAL competence , *RADIOLOGIC technologists , *INTERNET - Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a subfield of computer science (CS). International scientists and Radiographer associations agree that AI will have a significant impact on the Radiographer profession and fundamentally change the way how Radiographer work. Therefore, it is important that Radiographers enhance their competence in the field of computer science in addition to their professional competence. There is a need for Radiographers to engage with CS in order to develop a fundamental understanding of AI so that they can integrate this into their work processes in a useful way. In the following article, we would like to give you an insight of the risks on the Internet and give you recommendations on what precautions you can take. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
39. Künstliche Intelligenz: Betriebssysteme und Cloud-Computing.
- Author
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Quinsten, Anton S. and Heße, Dominik
- Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a subfield of computer science (CS). International scientists and Radiographer associations agree that AI will have a significant impact on the Radiographer profession and could change the way how Radiographer work. Therefore, it is important that Radiographers enhance their competence in the field of computer science in addition to their professional competence. There is a need for Radiographers to engage with CS in order to develop a fundamental understanding of AI so that they can integrate this into their work processes in a useful way. In the following article, we would like to give you an insight into operating systems and opportunities and risks of cloud computing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Assessing business process complexity based on textual data: Evidence from ITIL IT ticket processing
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Vera Maister, Aleksandra Revina, and Nina Rizun
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decision support ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Business process ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Information technology ,Context (language use) ,business process management ,Semantics ,business process complexity ,Data science ,Change management (ITSM) ,Information Technology Infrastructure Library ,Business process management ,ITIL IT tickets ,situation awareness ,400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik ,Reading (process) ,Business, Management and Accounting (miscellaneous) ,000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 Datenverarbeitung ,Informatik ,natural language processing ,Business and International Management ,business ,media_common - Abstract
PurposeThis study aims to draw the attention of business process management (BPM) research and practice to the textual data generated in the processes and the potential of meaningful insights extraction. The authors apply standard natural language processing (NLP) approaches to gain valuable knowledge in the form of business process (BP) complexity concept suggested in the study. It is built on the objective, subjective and meta-knowledge extracted from the BP textual data and encompassing semantics, syntax and stylistics. As a result, the authors aim to create awareness about cognitive, attention and reading efforts forming the textual data-based BP complexity. The concept serves as a basis for the development of various decision-support solutions for BP workers.Design/methodology/approachThe starting point is an investigation of the complexity concept in the BPM literature to develop an understanding of the related complexity research and to put the textual data-based BP complexity in its context. Afterward, utilizing the linguistic foundations and the theory of situation awareness (SA), the concept is empirically developed and evaluated in a real-world application case using qualitative interview-based and quantitative data-based methods.FindingsIn the practical, real-world application, the authors confirmed that BP textual data could be used to predict BP complexity from the semantic, syntactic and stylistic viewpoints. The authors were able to prove the value of this knowledge about the BP complexity formed based on the (1) professional contextual experience of the BP worker enriched by the awareness of cognitive efforts required for BP execution (objective knowledge), (2) business emotions enriched by attention efforts (subjective knowledge) and (3) quality of the text, i.e. professionalism, expertise and stress level of the text author, enriched by reading efforts (meta-knowledge). In particular, the BP complexity concept has been applied to an industrial example of Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) change management (CHM) Information Technology (IT) ticket processing. The authors used IT ticket texts from two samples of 28,157 and 4,625 tickets as the basis for the analysis. The authors evaluated the concept with the help of manually labeled tickets and a rule-based approach using historical ticket execution data. Having a recommendation character, the results showed to be useful in creating awareness regarding cognitive, attention and reading efforts for ITIL CHM BP workers coordinating the IT ticket processing.Originality/valueWhile aiming to draw attention to those valuable insights inherent in BP textual data, the authors propose an unconventional approach to BP complexity definition through the lens of textual data. Hereby, the authors address the challenges specified by BPM researchers, i.e. focus on semantics in the development of vocabularies and organization- and sector-specific adaptation of standard NLP techniques.
- Published
- 2021
41. An Experimental Analysis of the Effects of Different Hardware Setups on Stereo Camera Systems
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Pedro José Marrón, Peter Roch, Marcus Handte, and Alexander J. Golkowski
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,Computer Networks and Communications ,Computer science ,business.industry ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,Computer Science Applications ,Informatik ,Artificial Intelligence ,Computer vision ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Software ,Stereo camera ,Information Systems - Abstract
For many application areas such as autonomous navigation, the ability to accurately perceive the environment is essential. For this purpose, a wide variety of well-researched sensor systems are available that can be used to detect obstacles or navigation targets. Stereo cameras have emerged as a very versatile sensing technology in this regard due to their low hardware cost and high fidelity. Consequently, much work has been done to integrate them into mobile robots. However, the existing literature focuses on presenting the concepts and algorithms used to implement the desired robot functions on top of a given camera setup. As a result, the rationale and impact of choosing this camera setup are usually neither discussed nor described. Thus, when designing the stereo camera system for a mobile robot, there is not much general guidance beyond isolated setups that worked for a specific robot. To close the gap, this paper studies the impact of the physical setup of a stereo camera system in indoor environments. To do this, we present the results of an experimental analysis in which we use a given software setup to estimate the distance to an object while systematically changing the camera setup. Thereby, we vary the three main parameters of the physical camera setup, namely the angle and distance between the cameras as well as the field of view and a rather soft parameter, the resolution. Based on the results, we derive several guidelines on how to choose the parameters for an application.
- Published
- 2021
42. The Changing World and the Adapting Machine: How Digital Transformation Changes Requirements Engineering in the Embedded and Cyberphysical Systems Industry
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Thorsten Weyer, Marian Daun, and Bastian Tenbergen
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Requirements engineering ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Digital transformation ,Cyber-physical system ,Sketch ,Informatik ,Systems analysis ,Software ,Formal specification ,Systems engineering ,business ,Formal verification - Abstract
Digitalization changes products and their development. In this article, we investigate embedded and cyberphysical systems using the core technologies of the digital transformation and sketch out the skills that the next generation of requirements engineers must possess.
- Published
- 2021
43. Informationstheorie, Fuzzy Sets und Informatik aus wissenschaftshistorischer Perspektive.
- Author
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Seising, Rudolf
- Abstract
Copyright of HMD: Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Schubladen und Wolkenfelder: Anmerkungen zur Bearbeitung großer Datenmengen.
- Author
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Hrachovec, Herbert
- Abstract
„Big Data” is a catchphrase referring to algorithmic procedures to process large amounts of data. It owes its success, and in particular its medial prominence, in part to its opposition to the established paradigm of relational database theory, whose main tenets, will be sketched in a first step. It is by contrasting „Big Data” with this traditional traditional procedure that the crucial contrast regarding the availability of an overwhelming mass of information can be drawn. Proponents of the former approach claim that a change of paradigm is called for because conventional theory is not equipped to handle these unprecedented challenges. The ensuing debate is presented in the second section of this paper. The opposing views can, as it turns out, be traced back to divergent epistemological attitudes. The contribution concludes with a discussion about the questionable move to establish the category „raw data” as an underlying domain for an innovative theory of data processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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45. Frauen in der Informatik: Können sie mehr als sie denken? Eine Analyse geschlechtsspezifischerErfolgserwartungen unter Informatikstudierenden.
- Author
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Förtsch, Silvia and Schmid, Ute
- Abstract
Copyright of GENDER: Zeitschrift für Geschlecht, Kultur und Gesellschaft is the property of Verlag Barbara Budrich GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Artificial intelligence in disease diagnostics: A critical review and classification on the current state of research guiding future direction
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Milad Mirbabaie, Stefan Stieglitz, and Nicholas R. J. Frick
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Computer science ,business.industry ,Human error ,Biomedical Engineering ,Bioengineering ,Medical information ,02 engineering and technology ,Disease ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Task (project management) ,Informatik ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Extant taxon ,Health care ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Proper treatment ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,030212 general & internal medicine ,State (computer science) ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The diagnosis of diseases is decisive for planning proper treatment and ensuring the well-being of patients. Human error hinders accurate diagnostics, as interpreting medical information is a complex and cognitively challenging task. The application of artificial intelligence (AI) can improve the level of diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. While the current literature has examined various approaches to diagnosing various diseases, an overview of fields in which AI has been applied, including their performance aiming to identify emergent digitalized healthcare services, has not yet been adequately realized in extant research. By conducting a critical review, we portray the AI landscape in diagnostics and provide a snapshot to guide future research. This paper extends academia by proposing a research agenda. Practitioners understand the extent to which AI improves diagnostics and how healthcare benefits from it. However, several issues need to be addressed before successful application of AI in disease diagnostics can be achieved.
- Published
- 2021
47. Künstliche Intelligenz: IT-Grundlagen.
- Author
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Quinsten, Anton S. and Heße, Dominik
- Subjects
- *
ARTIFICIAL intelligence , *RADIOGRAPHY , *COMPUTER science , *DIGITAL signal processing , *HARDWARE - Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a subfield of computer science (CS). International scientists and Radiographer associations agree that AI will have a significant impact on the Radiographer profession and fundamentally change the way how Radiographer work. There- fore, it is important that Radiographers enhance their competence in the field of computer science in addition to their professional competence. There is an urgent need for Radiographers to engage with CS in order to develop a fundamental understanding of AI so that they can integrate this into their work processes in a useful way. In the following article, we would like to give you an insight into the hardware components of a PC and how analogue informations are converted into digital signals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. How to Increase Automated Vehicles’ Acceptance through In-Vehicle Interaction Design
- Author
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Stefan Schneegass, Stefan Geisler, Bastian Pfleging, Henrik Detjen, Sarah Faltaous, Industrial Design, Future Everyday, and EAISI Mobility
- Subjects
Mass market ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Human Factors and Ergonomics ,Interaction design ,Wirtschaftswissenschaften ,Automation ,Computer Science Applications ,Human-Computer Interaction ,Informatik ,In vehicle ,Systems engineering ,Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution ,business - Abstract
Automated vehicles (AVs) are on the edge of being available on the mass market. Research often focuses on technical aspects of automation, such as computer vision, sensing, or artificial intelligence. Nevertheless, researchers also identified several challenges from a human perspective that need to be considered for a successful introduction of these technologies. In this paper, we first analyze human needs and system acceptance in the context of AVs. Then, based on a literature review, we provide a summary of current research on in-car driver-vehicle interaction and related human factor issues. This work helps researchers, designers, and practitioners to get an overview of the current state of the art.
- Published
- 2021
49. DECA: A Dynamic Energy Cost and Carbon Emission-Efficient Application Placement Method for Edge Clouds
- Author
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Shohreh Ahvar, Joaquin Garcia-Alfaro, Ehsan Ahvar, Roch Glitho, Noel Crespi, Zoltán Ádám Mann, Ecole Supérieure d'Informatique Electronique Automatique [Paris] (ESIEA), Institut Supérieur d'Electronique de Paris (ISEP), University of Duisburg-Essen, Institut Polytechnique de Paris (IP Paris), Réseaux, Systèmes, Services, Sécurité (R3S-SAMOVAR), Services répartis, Architectures, MOdélisation, Validation, Administration des Réseaux (SAMOVAR), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom SudParis (TSP)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom SudParis (TSP), Département Réseaux et Services Multimédia Mobiles (RS2M), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom SudParis (TSP), Département Réseaux et Services de Télécommunications (RST), Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering (CIISE), and Concordia University [Montreal]
- Subjects
General Computer Science ,Edge device ,Computer science ,Cloud computing ,02 engineering and technology ,Microservices ,Edge cloud ,7. Clean energy ,[INFO.INFO-SI]Computer Science [cs]/Social and Information Networks [cs.SI] ,[INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI] ,[INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI] ,Green computing ,energy consumption ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS ,General Materials Science ,Process engineering ,business.industry ,General Engineering ,application placement ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,Energy consumption ,TK1-9971 ,Informatik ,green computing ,13. Climate action ,Greenhouse gas ,carbon emission ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,energy costs ,Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,business ,Energy (signal processing) - Abstract
As an increasing amount of data processing is done at the network edge, high energy costs and carbon emission of Edge Clouds (ECs) are becoming significant challenges. The placement of application components (e.g., in the form of containerized microservices) on ECs has an important effect on the energy consumption of ECs, impacting both energy costs and carbon emissions. Due to the geographic distribution of ECs, there is a variety of resources, energy prices and carbon emission rates to consider, which makes optimizing the placement of applications for cost and carbon efficiency even more challenging than in centralized clouds. This paper presents a Dynamic Energy cost and Carbon emission-efficient Application placement method (DECA) for ECs. DECA addresses both the initial placement of applications on ECs and the re-optimization of the placement using migrations. DECA considers geographically varying energy prices and carbon emission rates as well as optimizing the usage of both network and computing resources at the same time. By combining a prediction-based A* algorithm with a Fuzzy Sets technique, DECA makes intelligent decisions to optimize energy cost and carbon emissions. Simulation results show the ability of DECA in providing a trade off and optimizing energy cost and carbon emission at the same time. CA extern
- Published
- 2021
50. Using Sequence Analysis to Determine the Well-Functioning of Small Groups in Large Online Courses
- Author
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H. Ulrich Hoppe, Tobias Hecking, and Dorian Doberstein
- Subjects
Collaborative writing ,Computer science ,05 social sciences ,Educational technology ,050301 education ,Collaborative learning ,02 engineering and technology ,Similarity measure ,Education ,Informatik ,Computational Theory and Mathematics ,Asynchronous communication ,Human–computer interaction ,020204 information systems ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Group work ,Cluster analysis ,Working group ,0503 education - Abstract
Collaborative learning in small groups can enrich and enhance the learning experience in large online courses by facilitating interaction and collaborative knowledge building between peers. on the work reported here addresses scenarios based on asynchronous communication and exchange. As compared to synchronous and face-to-face settings, these scenarios require higher explicit coordination efforts and specific support mechanisms to reach out to inactive group members. This can be achieved by human tutors as well as through automatic interventions by the system in the organization and facilitation of group work. Our approach is based on characterizing the quality or well-functioning of collaboration using sequence alignment techniques that were originally developed in bioinformatics for the comparison of DNA sequences. Sequence alignment provides a similarity measure between pairs of action logs originating from the group work. The ensuing similarity matrix allows for clustering the working groups characterized by the similarity of their complete action logs. Notably, these clusters differ clearly in terms of quality measures related to the activity distribution and group output. This allows for determining quality indicators that can trigger feedback and adaptive scaffolding. Our data stem from inter-university online courses in which regular (weekly or bi-weekly) assignments had to be completed in small groups supported by an online forum for coordination and a separate tool for the actual collaborative writing. The basic actions are interpreted/coded as different contribution types, namely coordination, monitoring, minor/major contributions. Longer periods of inactivity are coded as another type of action (“gap”). These are the building blocks for the sequence alignment. One consequence of our analysis is a revision of the intuitive assumption that inactivity is a main indicator of inefficient group work: We found that inactivity can be compensated by early coordination to the extent that coordination is even the most important factor for successful group work. These insights are now being used to design alert mechanisms to signal inefficient group work and to generate timely interventions.
- Published
- 2020
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