19 results on '"*COUGH"'
Search Results
2. Study Results from Urmia University of Medical Sciences Broaden Understanding of Asthma (The Relationship Between Asthma Risk Factors and Disease Severity in Children with Asthma Aged 7 to 12 Years).
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JUVENILE diseases ,ASTHMA in children ,DISEASE risk factors ,ASTHMA ,OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases ,COUGH - Abstract
The article focuses on the correlation between asthma risk factors and disease severity in children aged 7 to 12 years. Topics include the impact of body mass index and birth factors on asthma severity, common clinical symptoms such as cough and shortness of breath, and the frequency of inhaled beta agonist use.
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- 2024
3. Severe Pertussis Infections in the United States, 2011–2015.
- Author
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Mbayei, Sarah A, Faulkner, Amanda, Miner, Christine, Edge, Karen, Cruz, Victor, Peña, Sandra A, Kudish, Kathy, Coleman, Joan, Pradhan, Eva, Thomas, Stepy, Martin, Stacey, and Skoff, Tami H
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AGE factors in disease , *ASTHMA , *HOSPITAL care , *OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases , *MEDICAL records , *MULTIVARIATE analysis , *THIRD trimester of pregnancy , *RISK assessment , *SEVERITY of illness index , *WHOOPING cough , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *ACQUISITION of data methodology , *DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
Background The incidence of pertussis in the United States has increased in recent years. While characteristics of severe pertussis infection have been described in infants, fewer data are available in older children and adults. In this analysis, we characterize pertussis infections in hospitalized patients of all ages. Methods Cases of pertussis with cough onset from 1 January 2011 through 31 December 2015 from 7 US Emerging Infections Program Network states were reviewed. Additional information on hospitalized patients was obtained through abstraction of the inpatient medical record. Descriptive and multivariable analyses were conducted to characterize severe pertussis infection and identify potential risk factors. Results Among 15942 cases of pertussis reported, 515 (3.2%) were hospitalized. Three hospitalized patients died. Infants aged <2 months accounted for 1.6% of all pertussis cases but 29.3% of hospitalizations. Infants aged 2–11 months and adults aged ≥65 years also had high rates of hospitalization. Infants aged <2 months whose mothers received acellular pertussis during the third trimester and children aged 2 months to 11 years who were up to date on pertussis-containing vaccines had a 43%–66% reduced risk of hospitalization. Among adolescents aged 12–20 years, 43.5% had a history of asthma, and among adults aged ≥65 years, 26.8% had a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Conclusions Individuals at the extreme ends of life may be the most vulnerable to severe pertussis infections, though hospitalization was reported across all age groups. Continued monitoring of severe pertussis infections will be important to help guide prevention, control, and treatment options. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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4. Diagnostic performance of clinical characteristics to detect airflow limitation in people living with HIV and in uninfected controls.
- Author
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Ronit, A, Benfield, T, Mocroft, A, Gerstoft, J, Nordestgaard, BG, Vestbo, J, and Nielsen, SD
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OBSTRUCTIVE lung disease diagnosis , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *COUGH , *DYSPNEA , *HIV infections , *OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases , *RESPIRATORY measurements , *RESPIRATORY organ sounds , *RISK assessment , *SELF-evaluation , *SMOKING , *SPIROMETRY , *SPUTUM , *COMORBIDITY , *VITAL capacity (Respiration) , *SYMPTOMS , *DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is underdiagnosed in the general population and possibly also in people living with HIV (PLWH). We evaluated the diagnostic performance of symptoms and risk factors for assessment of airflow limitation in PLWH and in uninfected controls. Methods: Spirometry was performed in the Copenhagen Comorbidity in HIV Infection (COCOMO) study and Copenhagen General Population Study (CGPS), and airflow limitation was defined by forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity < lower limit of normal. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and area under the curve (AUC) of symptoms and risk factors for assessment of airflow limitation in PLWH and uninfected controls. Results: A total of 1083 PLWH and 12 074 uninfected controls were included in the study. The sensitivity for sputum, chronic cough, breathlessness, wheezing, current and cumulative smoking and self‐reported COPD was higher, but the specificity lower, in PLWH than in uninfected controls. The negative and positive predictive values were largely similar between the groups. The AUCs were similar or slightly higher in PLWH and highest for > 20 pack‐years smoked [0.65; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.58–0.72] and wheezing (0.64; 95% CI 0.57–0.71). A summed score for five variables was associated with slightly higher AUC in PLWH compared with uninfected controls [0.71 (95% CI 0.63–0.79) versus 0.65 (95% CI 0.63–0.68), respectively; P = 0.06]. Conclusions: Clinical variables were relatively poor discriminators of airflow limitation in PLWH and uninfected controls. Active COPD case finding by screening for symptoms and relevant exposures, as recommended in the general population, is likely to yield similar diagnostic power in PLWH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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5. Brain Lesion in a Patient With Influenza.
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Brunner, Robert, Min, Zaw, and Bhanot, Nitin
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CRANIAL radiography , *INFLUENZA complications , *REACTIVE oxygen species , *ADRENOCORTICAL hormones , *ALBUTEROL , *BIOPSY , *BRAIN abscess , *CEREBRAL hemorrhage , *BRONCHOALVEOLAR lavage , *BRONCHOSCOPY , *CHEST X rays , *COMPUTED tomography , *COUGH , *CRANIOTOMY , *DYSPNEA , *FATIGUE (Physiology) , *IMMUNOLOGY technique , *INFLUENZA , *INTRAVENOUS therapy , *OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases , *MAGNETIC resonance imaging , *MICROBIAL sensitivity tests , *ORAL drug administration , *OXYGEN in the body , *PHYSICAL diagnosis , *PREDNISONE , *PULMONARY aspergillosis , *RESPIRATORY organ sounds , *RESPIRATORY therapy equipment , *SMOKING , *SPUTUM , *STAINS & staining (Microscopy) , *STAPHYLOCOCCAL diseases , *STREPTOCOCCAL diseases , *SUBSTANCE abuse , *VANCOMYCIN , *CEFAZOLIN , *IPRATROPIUM (Drug) , *SUPERINFECTION , *OSELTAMIVIR , *CEFTRIAXONE , *DOXYCYCLINE , *METHYLPREDNISOLONE , *LEUKOCYTE count , *VORICONAZOLE , *DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
The article discusses case study of a 63-year-old female suffering from brain lesion and influenza. Topics include regular acid–Schiff and Grocott methenamine silver staining in the brain-imaging test with narrow angle branching septate suggestive of Aspergillus infection, and magnetic resonance imaging scan being repeated because of increasing size of the abscesses as well as worsening surrounding edema.
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- 2020
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6. 만성폐쇄성폐질환 최신 진단지침.
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김 현 정 and 오 연 목
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OBSTRUCTIVE lung disease diagnosis ,ANXIETY ,CARDIOVASCULAR diseases ,COUGH ,MENTAL depression ,DUST ,DYSPNEA ,HEALTH status indicators ,HOSPITAL care ,HOSPITAL admission & discharge ,LUNG tumors ,OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases ,MEDICAL protocols ,METABOLIC disorders ,OSTEOPOROSIS ,PATIENTS ,SMOKING ,SPIROMETRY ,COMORBIDITY ,ENVIRONMENTAL exposure ,VITAL capacity (Respiration) ,SEVERITY of illness index ,DISEASE exacerbation ,SKELETAL muscle ,DISEASE complications ,DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) should be considered in any patient who has dyspnea, chronic cough or sputum production, and/or a history of exposure to risk factors for the disease, such as cigarette smoking, biomass exposure, and occupational dust. Spirometry is required to make the diagnosis, and a post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity ratio <0.7 confirms the presence of persistent airflow limitation. The goal of COPD assessment is to determine the severity of the disease, including the severity of airflow limitation, the impact of the disease on the patient's health status, the risk of future events (such as exacerbations, hospital admission, or death), and comorbidities in order to guide therapy. Concomitant chronic diseases occur frequently in COPD patients, including cardiovascular disease, skeletal muscle dysfunction, metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis, depression, anxiety, and lung cancer. These comorbidities should be actively surveilled and treated appropriately when present, as they can independently influence mortality and hospitalization. Above all, further efforts are required to increase the diagnosis rate of COPD in Korea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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7. Factors predicting life-threatening infections with respiratory syncytial virus in adult patients.
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Park, Se Yoon, Kim, Taeeun, Jang, Young Rock, Kim, Min-Chul, Chong, Yong Pil, Lee, Sang-Oh, Choi, Sang-Ho, Kim, Yang Soo, Woo, Jun Hee, and Kim, Sung-Han
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CARDIOVASCULAR disease diagnosis , *HYPERTENSION , *ANTIVIRAL agents , *ACADEMIC medical centers , *BACTERIAL diseases , *CHI-squared test , *COUGH , *DIABETES , *DYSPNEA , *FEVER , *FISHER exact test , *HEART diseases , *HOSPITAL care , *HOSPITAL emergency services , *LUNG diseases , *OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases , *MEDICAL protocols , *MEDICAL societies , *PEDIATRICS , *POLYMERASE chain reaction , *PROGNOSIS , *RESEARCH funding , *RESPIRATORY infections , *SMOKING , *SPUTUM , *LOGISTIC regression analysis , *ACQUISITION of data , *RETROSPECTIVE studies , *DATA analysis software , *MANN Whitney U Test , *RESPIRATORY syncytial virus infections , *MIXED infections , *DISEASE complications , *SYMPTOMS , *DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
Background:Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant cause of acute respiratory illness with a clinical spectrum ranging from self-limiting upper respiratory infection to severe lower respiratory infection in elderly persons as well as young children. However, there are limited data on risk factors for life-threatening infections that could guide the appropriate use of antiviral agents in adult patients with RSV. Methods:We conducted a retrospective cohort study from October 2013 to September 2015. Adult patients with RSV who visited the emergency department were enrolled. Primary outcome was life-threatening infection (admission to intensive care unit, need for ventilator care or in-hospital death). Results:A total of 227 patients were analysed. Thirty-four (15%) were classified as having life-threatening infections. By logistic regression, lower respiratory infection, chronic lung disease and bacterial co-infection were independent predictors of life-threatening infections. We developed a simple clinical scoring system using these variables (lower respiratory tract infection = score 4, chronic respiratory disease = score 3, bacterial co-infection = score 3 and fever ≥38 °C = score 2) to predict life-threatening infection. A score of >5 differentiated life-threatening RSV from non-life-threatening RSV with 82% sensitivity (95% CI, 66–93) and 72% specificity (95% CI, 65–78). Conclusions:The use of a clinical scoring system based on lower respiratory infection, chronic respiratory disease, bacterial co-infection and fever appears to be useful for outcome prediction and risk stratification in order to select patients who may need early antiviral therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2017
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8. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and HIV: are we appropriately screening?
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Ghadaki, Bahareh, Kronfli, Nadine, Vanniyasingam, Thuva, and Haider, Shariq
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OBSTRUCTIVE lung disease diagnosis , *OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases , *HIV infection complications , *BRONCHITIS , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *COUGH , *DYSPNEA , *HIV-positive persons , *MEDICAL screening , *PROBABILITY theory , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *RESPIRATORY diseases , *RESPIRATORY organ sounds , *SMOKING , *SPUTUM , *HIGHLY active antiretroviral therapy , *CROSS-sectional method , *DATA analysis software , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *ODDS ratio , *SYMPTOMS , *DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
Individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) represent a population that is at a higher risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study, we sought to determine the effects of smoking on respiratory symptoms and diseases among HIV-positive patients and to determine if symptomatic patients are being appropriately screened for COPD. HIV-positive individuals completed a self-administered questionnaire. The effects of smoking on respiratory symptoms and diseases were reported as odds ratios (ORs). The COPD screening criteria were adapted from the Canadian Thoracic Society (CTS) guidelines. Two hundred and forty-seven participants were recruited. The median age was 49 years; 75% were male and 92% were on highly active antiretroviral therapy. Smokers represented 66% of the population. Smoking had a statistically significant effect on respiratory symptoms including wheeze (OR 4.8 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6-14.2]), phlegm production (OR 4.9 [95% CI: 2.2-10.5]), cough (OR 7.0 [95% CI: 3.0-16.2]), and dyspnea (OR 7.2 [95% CI: 1.7-31.2]). Smoking had a higher odds of respiratory diseases including COPD (OR 4.9 [95% CI: 1.1-21.9]) and bronchitis (OR 3.8 [95% CI: 1.9-7.7]). Among HIV-positive smokers, 40% met the CTS screening criteria, while only 12% self-reported a diagnosis of COPD. The burden of smoking in the HIV population is significant. HIV-positive smokers are more likely to report both respiratory symptoms and diseases than HIV-positive non-smokers. A discrepancy exists between patients who met the CTS screening criteria and those who were diagnosed with COPD, raising the concern for under-recognition and under-diagnosis of COPD in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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9. TRPV1 and TRPM8 in Treatment of Chronic Cough.
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Millqvist, Eva
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TRP channels , *ION channels , *DESENSITIZATION (Psychotherapy) , *COUGH treatment , *OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases , *DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
Chronic cough is common in the population, and among some there is no evident medical explanation for the symptoms. Such a refractory or idiopathic cough is now often regarded as a neuropathic disease due to dysfunctional airway ion channels, though the knowledge in this field is still limited. Persistent coughing and a cough reflex easily triggered by irritating stimuli, often in combination with perceived dyspnea, are characteristics of this disease. The patients have impaired quality of life and often reduced work capacity, followed by social and economic consequences. Despite the large number of individuals suffering from such a persisting cough, there is an unmet clinical need for effective cough medicines. The cough treatment available today often has little or no effect. Adverse effects mostly follow centrally acting cough drugs comprised of morphine and codeine, which demands the physician's awareness. The possibilities of modulating airway transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels may indicate new ways to treat the persistent cough "without a reason". The TRP ion channel vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and the TRP melastin 8 (TRPM8) appear as two candidates in the search for cough therapy, both as single targets and in reciprocal interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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10. Chronic Cough and OSA: An Underappreciated Relationship.
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Sundar, Krishna and Daly, Sarah
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SLEEP apnea syndromes , *COUGH , *CONTINUOUS positive airway pressure , *OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases , *BIOCHEMISTRY , *DISEASE risk factors ,RISK factors - Abstract
Chronic cough is increasingly being recognized as a process that has multiple initiating and perpetuating triggers. Obstructive sleep apnea has recently emerged as a possible disease that can lead to chronic cough. This review details the available clinical evidence that links these two disparate diseases and explores mechanistic bases of their relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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11. Productive cough is an independent risk factor for the development of COPD in former smokers.
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YAMANE, Takashi, HATTORI, Noboru, KITAHARA, Yoshihiro, HARUTA, Yoshinori, SASAKI, Hideo, YOKOYAMA, Akihito, and KOHNO, Nobuoki
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OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases , *MULTIVARIATE analysis , *SPIROMETRY , *CIGARETTE smokers , *DISEASE risk factors , *GUIDELINES - Abstract
Background and objective: It has yet to be determined whether the presence of productive cough is a risk factor for the development of COPD. The aim of the present study was to obtain more information on this potential association in Japanese men. Methods: Seven hundred and eighty-three men with normal spirometry who did not have respiratory disease were recruited. The subjects were divided into three groups: group A, non-smokers; group B, those with a positive smoking history without productive cough; and group C, those with a positive smoking history and productive cough. The incidence rates of COPD were compared among the three groups and the relative risks for the development of COPD were assessed. Results: During the mean follow-up period of 33.6 ± 20.4 months, 19 (2.4%) subjects developed COPD. The incidence rate of COPD was significantly higher in group C than in group B (10.1 vs 2.2%, P = 0.003). A multivariate analysis of data for all subjects, current smokers and former smokers revealed that productive cough was an independent risk factor for the development of COPD in all subjects and former smokers but not in current smokers. Conclusions: Productive cough was an independent risk factor for the development of COPD in Japanese men. In particular, former smokers who complain of this symptom should be regarded as being at high risk for the development of COPD. The data suggested that stage 0 disease, as defined in the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease 2001 guidelines, is relevant for the identification of subjects at risk of developing COPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2010
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12. Decline in FEV1 in Relation to Incident Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in a Cohort with Respiratory Symptoms.
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Lindberg, Anne, Larsson, Lars-Gunnar, Rönmark, Eva, Jonsson, Ann-Christin, Larsson, Kjell, and Lundbäck, Bo
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OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases , *PULMONARY function tests , *SPIROMETRY , *PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of tobacco , *SMOKING , *COUGH , *DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
Data on the relationship between decline in lung function and development of COPD are sparse. We assessed the decline in FEV1 during 10 years among subjects with respiratory symptoms by two different methods and evaluated risk factors for decline and its relation to incident Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, COPD. A cross-sectional postal questionnaire was in 1986 sent to 6610 subjects of three age strata. All subjects reporting respiratory symptoms were invited to a structured interview and spirometry. A follow-up survey was performed 10 years later, and totally 1109 subjects performed spirometry in both 1986 and 1996. COPD was defined according to the ATS/ERS standards (FEV1/FVC ≤0.70). The decline in FEV1 was 39 ml/year in men vs. 28 ml/year in women, p = < 0.001 (-1.53 vs. -0.12 change in percent of predicted normal value over 10 years (pp), p = 0.023), among smokers 39 vs. non-smokers 28 ml/year, p < 0.001 (-3.30 vs. 0.69 pp, p < 0.001), in subjects with chronic productive cough 36 vs. not 32 ml/year, p = 0.044 (-2.00 vs. -0.02 pp, p = 0.002). Incident cases of moderate COPD (n = 83) had a decline of 62 ml/year (-12.6 pp) and 22.9% of them had a decline > 90 ml/year (-27.8 pp over 10 years). Gender-specific analysis revealed that smoking was a stronger risk factor in women than in men, while higher age was a significant risk factor in men only. In conclusion, decline in FEV1 was associated with age, smoking, and chronic productive cough, but the risk factor pattern was gender-dependent. Among incident cases of COPD the decline was steeper and close to a quarter had a rapid decline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2007
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13. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
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Frazer, Cynthia A.
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ALBUTEROL , *COUGH , *DYSPNEA , *INTRAVENOUS therapy , *OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases , *NURSING specialties , *OXYGEN therapy , *RESPIRATORY therapy equipment , *PROFESSIONAL licensure examinations , *DISEASE exacerbation , *FLUTICASONE , *METHYLPREDNISOLONE , *SALMETEROL , *INHALATION administration , *DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
The article presents questions that offer an example that potential Certified Medical-Surgical Registered Nurse certificants may use to test their knowledge about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, with topics mentioned such as respiratory acidosis, hypoxia, and nebulized bronchodilator.
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- 2020
14. Cough and Mucociliary Transport of Airway Particulate in Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease.
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Groth, M. L., Macri, K., and Foster, W. M.
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MUCOCILIARY system ,OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases ,AIRWAY (Anatomy) ,PARTICULATE matter ,COUGH ,OLDER patients ,DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
The article presents a research which investigates airway particulate's cough and mucociliary transportation in older patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. The study reveals obstructive airway disease spontaneous cough as a critical adjunct to mucociliary function for epithelial secretions' effective clearance. The four clinical disorders that are most commonly associated with the prevalence of chronic cough are identified.
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- 1997
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15. Latest clinical research.
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Greener, Mark
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COUGH diagnosis ,TUMOR risk factors ,RISK factors of environmental exposure ,ANOREXIA nervosa ,CLINICAL medicine research ,COUGH ,DISINFECTION & disinfectants ,OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases ,MEDICAL protocols ,PSYCHOLOGY of nurses ,PRIMARY health care ,PSORIASIS ,INFORMATION resources ,OCCUPATIONAL hazards ,DISEASE complications ,DISEASE risk factors ,CHILDREN - Abstract
Mark Greener rounds up the latest research of interest to primary care nurses [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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16. In men and women with COPD the presence of urinary incontinence is associated with poorer quality of life.
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Newman, Diane K.
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CONFIDENCE intervals , *COUGH , *LIFE skills , *OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases , *RESEARCH methodology , *QUALITY of life , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *SURVEYS , *PSYCHOSOCIAL factors , *URINARY incontinence , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *SYMPTOMS , *DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
The article presents a study which investigates the association between men and women with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and urinary incontinence (UI) with poorer quality of life. A descriptive survey design was used to determine the impact of cough and UI on the quality of life among 391 women and 337 men with COPD. Results indicate that women who had UI had a significant higher burden of symptoms than compared to men who had higher prevalence of cough and phlegm production.
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- 2014
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17. Abdominal pain due to rectus abdominis muscle haematoma associated with anticoagulant therapy.
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BLOOD coagulation disorders , *VENOUS thrombosis treatment , *HEMATOMA , *WARFARIN , *DRUG therapy , *ABDOMINAL pain , *COUGH , *BLOOD coagulation factors , *DIFFERENTIAL diagnosis , *OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases , *BLOOD disease treatment , *THERAPEUTICS , *DISEASE risk factors ,PAIN risk factors - Abstract
A letter to the editor is presented regarding a patient with abdominal pain resulting from abdominis muscle haematoma associated with the use of anticoagulation therapy.
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- 2010
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18. Chronic bronchitis: Help patients breathe easy.
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Hardin, Kimberly A.
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BRONCHITIS , *OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases , *COUGH , *RESPIRATORY obstructions , *DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
The article offers information about chronic bronchitis, which is characterized by a productive cough of sputum on most days for three months in each of two consecutive years with or without impaired airflow obstruction. It is one of the two main components of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Its risk factors include infection, environmental exposures, air pollution, medication noncompliance, and continued smoking or exposure to secondhand smoke.
- Published
- 2006
19. High risk of COPD in young people with chronic cough/phlegm.
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OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases , *HEALTH of young adults , *COUGH , *DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
The article reports on the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in young people with chronic cough/phlegm in the U.S. In several prospective studies, it was found that chronic cough/phlegm was an independent and statistically significant predictor of COPD after adjusting for smoking habits and other potentials confounders. Moreover , subjects who reported chronic cough/phlegm at baseline had nearly threefold increased risk of COPD compared with asymptomatic subjects.
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- 2007
- Full Text
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